Ullanyé

Ullanyé
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Capital	Etatono
Government	Presidential Republic
Area
• Total	43456 km2 16778 sq mi
Population
• Estimate	6,177,823
Drives on the	right

Ullanyé /uːlaɲeː/ is an island in the south Asperic Ocean. It has a population of 6.17 million and an area of 43500 km². Ullanyé is the northernmost large island of the Harda Archipelago. The capital and largest city is Etatono. Etatono and the surrounding areas in the eastern coastal region are home to over half the population.

History

History of Ullanyé
Prehistory to Iron Age	9000BCE - 700CE
• Dyákunda & Moda Benyé Cultures	1900 - 400 BCE
• Dyadyé Culture	600 BCE
• Taukan Cities	600BCE - 200BCE
• Ullan Culture	300BCE - 889CE
Classical to Recent Taukan	700CE - 1700CE
• Fall of Ullan	889CE
• Agsán Period	1250CE - 1450CE
• Colonisation of Kez	1310CE - 1360CE
• Maritime States	1450CE - 1702CE
Modern	1700CE onwards
• First Republic	1799CE
• Anehatul Republic	1884CE
• Kez Civil War	1929CE
• Third Republic	1932CE

Prehistory (9000 BCE-500 BCE)

Prehistoric Ullanyé encompasses a period that begins with the first evidence of human activity on the island around 9000 BCE through to the arrival of literate ironworking cultures in the 5th century BCE.

Mesolithic Ullanyé

A reconstruction of hunter gatherer's camp based on excavations near the confluence of the Dada and Chanyú Rivers.

The earliest inhabitants of Ullanyé arrived during the 9th millennium BCE, most likely by boat from the Antarephian mainland. They were hunter-gatherers who lived in small groups of around 40 individuals and built dwellings from light-weight timber, animal hide and thatch. They made use of small inland camps for seasonal hunting as well as larger permanent structures near rivers and lakes. Their diet consisted mainly of shell food and fish but bones from deer, wild pigs and a range of fowl indicates they were also making use of the food resources from forests adjacent to the river systems.

The first evidence of burials during this period, dating to between 4200 and 4100 BCE, comes from the excavation of a Mesolithic village on Isá Nalé in the Fomi River. It consisted of a teenage girl who had been placed in a stone lined pit along with the remains of a bow, arrows, bone dice, beads, carved antler eating utensils and kit of flint blades. Preserved by its water logged surroundings, this presumably high status individual constitutes the oldest human remains ever found in the country. Evidence of cremation in other parts of the island indicate a variety of burial rites were operating during this time.

Neolithic Ullanyé

The start of the Neolithic period is marked by arrival of the first farmers in Ullanyé who brought with them food crops, domesticated animals and advanced stone working techniques. Forest clearance increased during the period and a variety of monumental burial structures appeared.

Bronze Age - Dyákunda & Moda Benyé Period

Illustration of a rock painting discovered in the Imás Dyer cave system. It is dated from between the 4th - 3rd millenium BCE and depicts the funerary rites of prehistoric peoples from Central Antarephia.

The Dyákunda were a bronze age agricultural civilisation occupying much of Ullanyé between approximately 1900 - 1200 BCE. The name Dyákunda is a modern label meaning 'westerner' although archaeological evidence for their presence has been excavated throughout the island. They were sophisticated farmers and metal workers manufactured a variety of blades and decorative items.

The Dyákunda had several of their largest population centres on the islands and coastal lands to the north west of the Olcu volanco. This highly fertile agricultural land allowed them to support a large population with many specialised trades people.

Dyákunda civilisation went into decline between 900 - 400 BCE. No significant monument construction occurred during the period and there is evidence that the population was depleted and settlements became abandoned. Mass burial pits at Imdyél, combined with evidence of widespread burning, may suggest that the city was destroyed during warfare.

The Moda Benyé (Motipeni) were a population group that seem to have occupied the eastern coast of Ullanyé for an undetermined period of time before the arrival of Dyadyé speakers around 400 BCE. It is unclear whether the Moda Benyé were a related to the Dyákunda or a separate culture as there seems to have been significant sharing of material culture. Artefacts from this group share similarities with populations further south in the Harda Archepelago that went on to become the Kopa peoples.

Arrival of the Dyadyé

The arrival of Dyadyé speaking populations around the end of the 1st millennium BCE also marked the beginning of the Iron Age in Ullanyé. The Dyadyé migrated from central and eastern Antarephia, bringing with them a new language, technologies and customs. Their arrival in Ullanyé marked the end of eastward expansion by West Antarephian populations. They gradually became established across the island, though it is unclear whether this process was ongoing throughout the period or if the new arrivals came in several distinct waves between 600 - 200 BCE. The island was divided into a patchwork of over a dozen tribal lands, each supporting a number of towns and small cities. Most, but not all, of these settlements were ruled through a Council as was traditional in other cultures descending from the Tauka. It is a matter of debate as to whether or not the Dyadyé merged peacefully with the pre-existing populations but by the 100s BCE the islands Bronze Age culture had been entirely replaced.

Classical Period (500 BCE-700 CE)

Early Federations

A bead necklace worn by a woman who was buried in the Ullan Astir necropolis (site Ad01) between 950-900 BCE.

In the following centuries Dyadyé culture became firmly established. Rival cities vied for dominance and boundaries regularly shifted as the power of individual groups waxed and waned.

The island became divided into three regions corresponding roughly to the three sides of the island. Each region was governed from at least one major city, to which several minor cities were bound. These subordinate relationships could switch over time as particular cities gained or lost influence. Cities would often switch allegiances or coordinate their activities to counter balance stronger rivals.

The western region, Amarr, was the smallest of the emerging regional powers. It was ruled from Fíra during the early period with important spiritual centres in Cacamarr and refuges in the islands of Ke Teterayba District. The regional centre of power would later shift to the northern urban centre in Lagarú District. Amarr had close trading relationships with the continent and the local dialect of Dyadyé came to adopt many continental characteristics.

The eastern region, Chanyu, was ruled from the city of Imdyél and was the only region not to have it's capital located on an island.

The southern region, Ní Onay, was the largest of the three regions and had it's capital in Ullan Astir. Ullan Astir established itself as the preeminent city along the southern coast and during the classical period it gained dominance over the entire island.

Politics

Government

The Republic of Ullanyé maintains a unitary presidential system where the President of Ullanyé is both the head of state and head of government. Executive powers are exercised by the President and their cabinet. Legislative power is vested in the government and the two houses of the National Council. The judiciary in Ullanyé is independent of both the executive and legislative bodies. The National Council relocated from the historic

The Constitution of Ullanyé was originally ratified by referendum on 5 December 1885 under the direction of the Aneho/Attul lead military dictatorship. After the Popular Uprising in 1930 and the declaration of the Third Republic in 1932 the constitution was amended to strengthen the position of democratically elected officials by granting the President powers to remove military commanders from the armed forces. Other reforms aimed at strengthening democracy included removing appointments and life memberships to the National Council and introducing civil liberties protections for activities such as political organisation, assembly and speech. The new constitution was approved in a national plebiscite on 12 October 1932.

Izabela Enler-Riter (b.21/06/1957) is an Ullannessa politician who has been the Leader of the Blue Sun Party since 2010 and President of Ullanne since 2014.

Prior to becoming Leader of Blue Sun, Enler-Riter was a representative for Eskera in the National Assembly since 2005. Before entering politics she was a social worker and activist.

Early Life and Education

Izabela Enler-Riter was born in the town of Dalltaka. She was placed in an orphanage 7 months after her birth and was later adopted by a family from Eusanne. Her foster father was a miner and her foster mother was a school teacher. After completing her compulsory military service in the Ullannessa Air Force she attended Aster College In Etatono and was awarded a degree in Social Care in 1990. She worked for the Ullannessa Health Department as a family case worker until 1996 when she enrolled at Etatono University to study Politics & Public Governance.

Social Activism and Early Political Career

In the mid-1990s, prompted by what she describes as "the appalling neglect and woeful conditions within the Etatono health system" Enler-Riter began volunteering in her spare time at the offices of the Fresh Approach, a think tank and pressure group linked to the Blue Sun Party. She began attending party rallies and speaking at public meetings about healthcare reform. In 2000 Enler-Riter was put forward as a one of the Blue Sun's candidates for the Ponteto District in the Etatono City Council elections, gaining her seat by a majority of 44 transfer votes.

Political career with Blue Sun

Enler-Riter taking part in a panel debate on 'Ethics & Access' during the 2015 Etatono Festival of Politics.

In Etatono City Council she was instrumental in forming several cross-party coalitions on citywide matters and spearheading a high profile public service anti-corruption initiative. This work gave her national media recognition as a hawk within her party and a formidable negotiator. A leadership crisis in 2004 saw her become deputy leader of the Blue Sun. In 2005 she was elected as National Representative for Eskera and then re-elected in 2009. In 2010 the Blue Sun Party Leader, Kali Jorfel-Otes, died suddenly while on holiday and Enler-Riter took over the leadership during following year's election cycle. The party lost by a narrow margin but her confident campaigning style secured her support as party leader. In 2014 the Blue Sun won the national elections with a strong majority, propelling Enler-Riter to the Presidency.

President

During her presidency, Enler-Riter's administration has pursued a series of economic and social changes under the auspices of healthcare reform, energy security and national defence. Her government has introduced legislation to re-nationalise the rail network and remove private healthcare providers from service delivery roles in the Ullannessa Health Service. The first budget increased national defence spending and made tax adjustments regarded as favourable to, amongst others, the agricultural industry. Other policy initiatives have pushed for closer regional West Central Anteraphian cooperation on security, improved environmental regulation and industry incentives for green energy provision and transport.

Personal Life

In 2001 Enler-Riter married Guaiian pharmacist and executive, Fiordja Apār, in a ceremony on the island of Mireille. Apār, formerly Head of International Development (Antarephia) at Vai based Silenis Pharmaceutics, is founder of children's asthma charity, NurSpiri (Ing; Just Breathe). The couple have 2 children.

Geography

Ullanyé has a roughly triangular shape with short coastal plains spreading out on three sides from the mountainous interior. To the west, it is separated from the Antarephian mainland by the Sindyé Tasóndy (Whale Channel) which is around 60km wide at it's narrowest point. In the east the 25km wide Sindyé Beraig (Narrow Channel) separates Ullanyé from Grand Harda Island, it's nearest neighbour in the Harda Archipelago. Ullanyé shares maritime borders across these straits with the Community of Nalkor-Kochi and Osaseré.

Geology

Like many countries in the region, Ullanyé is volcanically and geologically active. The interior of the island is hilly and mountainous, with many of the highest peaks, of over 1500 metres, in the island's northern ranges. Aside from numerous earthquakes there are two active volcanoes, Olcú and Udyut, both having had at least one major eruption since 1917. There are many other signs of tectonic activity, including numerous areas of hot springs.

Hydrology

A list of rivers of Ullanyé

Name	Region	Length	Destination

Flora & Fauna

Caztobal

The Caztobal is an epiphytic tree native to Antarephia, with a range extending northwest from Ullanyé to southern Sabishii in Paxtar. It can grow to over 15 metres in height and has a lifespan of several centuries. It usually begins life as a hemi-epiphyte high in the branches of an already mature forest tree. Young Caztobal plants send roots to the forest floor, forming a hollow trunk that eventually encloses the entire host tree.

The white flower of a mature Caztobal tree growing in the Etatono University Botanic Research Unit.

Caztobal seedlings are hemi-epiphytes and the resultant tree has a hollow trunk made of interlocking roots enclosing the space left by the former tree host. It's seeds, found in energy rich berries, are dispersed by birds and other canopy dwelling animals, germinating in the cervices on other trees. This is an adaption suited for growing in dense forests where competition for light is intense. While the original support tree will often die it has been suggested that the Caztobal can only become established on trees that are already in decline. In disturbed ground and gaps in the forest cover the Caztobal will grow with a normal but much shorter trunk. The tallest tree on record stood at 22 metres and the oldest tree was dated as approximately 350 years old.

Pharmaceutical applications

The flowers and bark of the Caztobal contain several powerful psychoactive and analgesic compounds that have been extracted or synthesised for clinical use. The flowers contain molecules that inhibit the re-uptake of neurotransmitters in the brain and have been used anti-depressants to treat depressive disorders and other conditions including anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorder and eating disorders. The bark contains analgesic compounds that are used in many prescription and over the counter medications. The tree is usually cultivated for pharmaceutical use in it more manageable ground based form.

Religious traditions

A 19th century bottle used to make Caztobal infusion. Held in the collection of the Lida-Boro Agsán Museum.

In Agsán practices the Caztobal is one of the four Winter Plants used in traditional palliative and end-of-life care. The bark is soaked in hot water for several days and strained to produce a bitter infusion that is sweetened with natural herbs. The strong analgesic compounds in the drink make it an effective method of pain control and can bring on a deep sleep. In strong doses it can lead to death or permanent coma. The flower is rarely used in modern Agsán traditions outside of obscure divination practices.

Recreational use and popular culture

The Caztobal flower has been used for hundreds of years to induce trances and hallucination. It has a long history of recreational use in Ullanyé and is sold by licenced sellers in specialised shops. The dried petals are usually smoked, often with other dried plants that contain nicotine and cannabinoid compounds. When smoked the mixtures induce effects including a feeling of euphoria, the sensation of weightlessness, synaesthesia and alteration of visual perception characterised by 'stain-glass window' type hallucinations. During the last 20 years methods of extraction have been developed that allows the psychoactive compound to be made into tablets of standardised dosages. Regular use can lead to addiction.

Demographics

Divisions & Settlements

Ullanyé has three tiers of governmental organisation made up of national, regional and district authorities.

Regions

There are 3 administrative regions in Ullanyé run by Regional Councils that are elected every five years in local elections, although many of their statutory functions fall under the remit of career officials, termed Chief Administrators, who are appointed by central government. The Regional Councils have a responsibility for planning and roads, waste and recycling services, leisure, community services, housing and local economic and cultural development.

• Amarr (12,208 km²) on the west coast is the smallest and least populated of the regions. The city of Fíra has been home to Amarr Regional Council since the late 1940s. Before then, and for much of the preceding 200 years, the more northerly city of Lagarú had been the seat of regional government.
  
• Nyéchaha (15,522 km²) runs the length of the island east of the central mountain range. The capital city and seat of the Nyéchaha Regional Council is Etatono.
  
• Sechufa (16,836 km²) is the largest of the three regions. The Sechufa Regional Council headquarters in the city of Níasa.
  

Districts

There are fifteen districts with responsibility for certain types of planning, local roads, sanitation and libraries. District Councils are elected by universal franchise every five years and are the most accessible form of government to people in their local communities.

District	Region	Population	Census Date

Sub-divisions

These are small geographical divisions of land used in Ullanyé for judicial and religious purposes.

Name	Name Ing	Admin Centre	District	Region	Population	Census Date

Language

Olonyé is spoken by the majority of the population. It is part of the Taukan Language Family, of the Asperic branch and a member of the Dyadyé group.

Culture

A list of culturally important graves and historic memorials in Ullanyé.

Name	Note

Arts

Writers

A publicity photograph of Arno Dalz-Anbor, aged 34, taken in 1949 from the sleeve of his novel, Mosquito.

Arno Jadoka Dalz-Anbor (14th July 1915 - 22nd January 1963) was an Ullanyé writer. He was a key figure in the New Line Literary Revival movement and a major post-modernist author. Dalz-Anbor wrote thirteen novels, four collections of short stories and was a regular contributor to surrealist magazine, The Offal. He was born into a middle class family in Fíra and was sent at an early age to a military college as a boarding recruit. He went on to become a successful soldier but was dishonourably discharged in 1939 after becoming addicted to the Caztobal plant, a dependency that would affect him for the rest of his life. Returning to civilian life he worked in a variety of menial jobs, renting an apartment in Etatono with an old school friend and columnist, Fran Mikal-Swar who encouraged him to write about his experiences in the army. He was introduced to, and became a part of, the 1940s Etatono underground scene. He was a charismatic figure who gained a reputation as a great storyteller and womaniser.

Arno J Dalz-Anbor Template:Infobox Biography
The 1940s in Antarephia

File:Your God Stood Up.jpeg

10th Anniversary Paxlinga Edition of 'Your God Stood Up', published by Folio Hisperko VortFabrikon

During the 40s he travelled extensively in Antarephia and supported himself by selling stories to magazines. During time in Paxtar he was arrested and convicted of drug smuggling, spending 3 years in the Costamedia Correctional Facility. The novel, Your God Stood Up, is a semi autobiographical account of his time in prison, depicting the harsh realities of the Paxtaren justice system.
The 1950s in Ullanne On his release he returned to Ullanne where he eventually met and married Trina Serat-Monz, an advertising account executive from Etatono. The couple shared a blue-stone row house in the Sublimek neighbourhood and it was here that Dalz-Anbor wrote the majority of his final stories. During this time the couple had daughter, Casta Serat-Anbor.
Death and Final Work In January 1963 Dalz-Anbor was shot and killed during an altercation in a public park. He was buried at Beté Mek, Fíra in the Agsán rites of Water Burial. The following year his last novel, Loaded, was published.
Selected Works

• Mosquito
• The Universal
• Your God Stood Up
• Under Tobal
• My Cousin Odd
• The Beehive
• What Happens Next
• My Ugly Boy
• The Wake Up Kit
• Loaded

The Universal

File:The Universal.jpeg

La Universala, 1954 TreKult VortFabrikon edition.

The Universal was Dalz-Anbor's second full length novel, originally published in 1954. The book is structured around a series of loosely related vignettes and interview transcripts. Dalz-Anbor has stated these chapters can and should be read in any order. The text follows the narrator, a drug addict and petty criminal, Arno Tras, who takes on many pseudonyms during the novel. The plot is nonlinear and skips between many real Antarephian locations including the Ullanne highlands where he is introduced to the psychotropic Caztobel flower, a secure medical facility in Gonfragerra, Paxtar, as well as the fictional 'Outsealand... a somnarquatic underisland that... lies beyond the Hesperic'.

The vignettes are drawn from Dalz-Anbor's own drug fuelled experiences travelling in continental Antarephia during the 1940s.

The novel has been included in Templinio magazine's '100 Best Canto Language Novels of the 20th Century'. In February 2003, a film adaption by director Zadoko Vasa-Verta was released and went on to win that year's Best Picture Award at the Golden Delta Film Festival.
Reception

The Universal is considered to be Dalz-Anbor's seminal work and a watershed publication in the history of Ullanyé Literature. Completed in 1951 the novel was initially banned from publication in Ullanne due to its subject matter and obscene language. It was published in 1954 after a successful court case brought by the publisher, TreKult VortFabrikon, overturning the government censor's decision to prohibit publication. Drug use, violence and other counter-cultural behaviour in the novel was objected to by socially conservative pressure groups and in the following years several school and library authorities tried have it delisted.

Despite initial controversy the novel garnered positive reviews from most serious literary critics. The radical writing style and graphic depiction of Antarephian drug culture has ensured Dalz-Anbor's place as among the most influential of the 1950s New Line writers.
Film Adaptation
In 1961 Dalz-Anbor had drafted a script based on a selection of the vignettes which was purchased by media group, Urboparadiza Lumo Registran ULR, but the project was shelved in pre-production. During the 1980s several unsuccessful attempts were made to produce a film of the novel. In 2001 an independent film company, Iom Menso LR, bought the rights and began production with director Zadoko Vasa-Verta. On general release Spring 2003 the film won a number of national and international awards, becoming the second highest grossing domestic film in Ullanne.
Bibliography

• Dalz-Anbor, Arno J. (2005). La Universala. (Folio Hisperko V/Fabrikon) ISBN 1-5507-5861-2.
• Le Universala Denove: Datreveno Eseoj, eldonita de Olivo Teras-Mahal & Siminol Rugo-Dat (2011) Etatono Universitato V/Fabrikon. ISBN 1-7501-1012-2.

Sport

Rabú is the national sport of Ullanyé. The national stadium is located in Etatono

Economy

Major Industries

Etatono International Airport (Olonyé Tostané Etatonol) (WAAT: ETO, ANACA: OETO) serves as the main international and intercontinental airport for Ullanyé. It is located 18km west of Etatono city centre between the town of Dal Tachag and the village of Gedí Keletel. It is a joint venture between Etatono City Council and Nyaté UL operated by Tostané Etatonol UL.

It is the largest and busiest airport in Ullanyé and one of the busiest in southern Antarephia. In 2019 Etatono International Airport handled 17.8 million passengers, a decrease of 2.5% on 2018. It is a hub for Tané Ullanyél and it's subsidiaries.

History

The site, originally named Lirac's Flat, was a government run agricultural research station up until 1908 when it was purchased by the Ullanyése Army as a training area for the newly formed Aerial Combat Group. A large airfield developed, made up of three intersecting runways with associated military and industrial buildings. By the early-1950s the Air Force had outgrown the base and the majority of the aerodrome was returned to civilian use. Between 1956-59 the north/south runway was lengthened and the diagonal runway was converted to a taxiway. A small terminal building was constructed and a few years later two piers were added to facilitate passenger embarkation.

1960s - Relocation of the Military

During the 1960s commercial air traffic in Ullanyé grew steadily and pressure to expand the airport facilities increased. In 1968 the Air Force relocated to the newly completed Air Base Nímo Lasisi allowing the entire site to be commercially exploited.

1980s - Government Investment and Free Trade Zone

In the 1970s several proposed runway extensions and additional infrastructure projects failed due to lack of private investment so between 1983-87 a series of major improvements to the airport were underwritten by the regional government including a renovation of the terminal buildings. A 'free trade zone' was established on the land adjacent to the airport where companies benefited from special tax arrangements that attracted a large number of international businesses to the area. Much of the surrounding road system was reorganised.

1990s - Third Runway and Motorway Link

The E3 motorway connection linking the airport to Etatono city and dock facilities was completed in 1991, further boosting commercial activity in the free trade zone. 1994 saw the commencement of work on a third runway which was completed in 1997. As part of the runway project terminal buildings were relocated centrally and the rail access was redesigned.