User:Leowezy/Dictionary

Nouns

Kojoshi	Ingerish 1	Ingerish 2	Ingerish 3	Ingerish 4	Ingerish 5	Registry (if not universal)
A
acchōfu	government	executive
aekko	draft	sketch
aenkaiwe	stadium
aenlai	aircraft					K.I., R.I.
aentágyu	forest (area)
aentē	forest	R.I.: forest biotope
a'éropō	airport
ajji	next station
alshokku	breakfast					K.I.
alshū	morning
alshūs	morning (archaic)
altífōwe	archive
am	rain
amha	summer					T.I., K.I.
amrong	castle built on top of a ridge or hill
ánal	analysis
arem	sun
arhazi	first station
arihang	archery
ashkal	world					T.I., K.I.
ashkan	work	service
ashkínoe	autumn					T.I., K.I.
assol	union (not labour unions)
ātsu	coal
azaggu	nation
B
baélzi	last station	direction of a train
balgafáchūm	prosperity	control
bálkon	balcony
Bánakin	army (military)
bappoeregwol	proceeding	process	R.I.: provision (clause that offers exception to a law)			K.I., R.I.
buéro	city office/department
Būmal	equiv. Of a Bachelor's degree
byoengwe	hospital
C
chai	page	sheet
champyonsaē	waterway
cheryu	white
cho	forest (place names)
chóntse	opportunity	option to do sth.				R.I.
chúju	fluency
D
Daebi	brother					T.I.
Dáhano	Administration
darasushan	age	era
dattarān	supreme court
denching	telecommunication
denkan	telephone box
densoi	telephone
dígwansol	diplomatic mission	embassy staff
do	point
dómaen	discipline	field of study/work
duére	executive order	directive
Dyandoesha	Ingerland
E
efoengzon	quarry	pit	opencast mine
ekkaem	view point on a langluet/on a coast
éshkim	fencing
esshae	war	battle				T.I., K.I.
F
fan’goel	place of work
fármasi	pharmacy					T.I., K.I.
fōbal (lui)	(for) example
foeton	freight
Forsamé	armed forces
fóski	gold
F
gafamdoen	duty	task	function
gangmi	ocean
gántsu	treasure
gáronti	guarantee	responsibility for correctness				R.I.
gekkwae	theatre
Gimbye kōfogótsu	Motorway (in Kojo)
gipun	science (broad)
gisshae	K.I.: night	R.I.: time between sunset and sunrise				K.I., R.I.
góbal	allowance	flat-rate
gōf	golf
gōsaeidaran	regional court
gukyaei	property					R.I.
H
hael’yéron	qualification	eligibilty	competence	meeting a required criterion
Hainye	father					K.I.
hakkāyue	issue	matter	affair
hakke	convention
halim	leaf
hāmaeltai	municipality
han'gara	technology
hīmchi	basis	fundament
hipparā	construction site					T.I., K.I.
hōfi	valley
hōkengdō	career
hōsol	job vacancy	empty post
hún'gō	shipfare	shipping
hyeng	rail	platform
hyengmang	railyard	train parking space
hyengjo	railyard	railway maintenance facility
I
icchisho	arrivals
icchoetsōno	immigration
igaengchi	relationship (between countries, companies…)
ilza	book
imre	salary	pay (private sector)	wage
indásu	industry
Ingli	sister					T.I.
ingyoe	content
ishkel	control
J
jae	evening
jaei	land	soil	earth's surface
jaeikol	runway (airfare)
jaeyosohyoel	land reclamation
jer	evening (archaic)
jessu	spring					K.I.
Jōbunhakke	people's convention (Kojolese parliament)
ju (jur)	water (T.I.)	drinking water (K.I.)	body of water (T.I.)	sewage or clean pipe water (R.I.)
jugwo	waterworks	sewage treatment plant
K
kábunjowe	stock exchange
kágaldosim	inner city
karetaki	stone age
katu	terrace
kázen	casern	barracks
kikai	opportunity	chance				K.I.
koémangchiwe	market hall
kōfeibunwe	city/town hall
kógalwe	(tv) studio
kóha	hut	small house
kojōken	allotment garden	garden colony
kókke	council
kokkyō	border
kónfaero	conference
kóntsuridíso	construction site	site				R.I.
kōuetamolno	deli					R.I.
kowe	grave (arch.)	burial site (arch.)
kúriyé	Postal service
kuttuem	custom (cultural)
Kwachae	woman					K.I.
kyakkai	cooperative	cooperation
kyamulwe	ferry house
kyanbun	(private) agency
kyanfā	(national government) agency
L
láfontāsh	advantage
lánche	insect					R.I.
lettore	letter
líchi	lake
lishi	history
logishtikku	logistics
lózipō	sport airfield	leisure airport
luwa	law
M
mā	human
maeil	E-Mail
maekkisho	departure
maekkoetsōno	emigration
Maekkyosil	Prefect
Maekkyosilfā	Office of the Prefect
maēro	labyrinth	hedge maze
Mama	mother	mum				T.I.
man'gwo	power plant
mankai	competition
marīchon	training
Máyol	mother					K.I.
méishī	deli					T.I., K.I.
mekí	mosque
milītaeryu	military
miren	partner (so. who shares a common interest)
mítom	part-time job
moeta	horizon	outlook				T.I., K.I.
N
nafahang	harbour					T.I., K.I.
nagarasha	(university) student
nain	mountain
nakkōzi	prior station
nálnūm	last name (lit.: chosen name)
néruka	present
netsū	(river) shore	(river) bank
nil	well
noé	node					R.I.
nomi	map
O
Ochae	man					K.I.
Óduekin	air force (milit.)
oezónkai	festival (usually religious)					K.I.
Ōkarong	equiv. Of a PhD/doctoral degree
okkong	contract	treaty				R.I.
ómpessha	disabled person
Ōnagara	University
oshoeng	public
osoingamsói	responsibility
osofaé	cruise
osofaélai	cruise ship
osómaei	renumeration	pay-grade (state officials)
osozal	copy	duplication				T.I., K.I.
otash	display	exhibit				K.I., R.I.
P
pacchan	rice (grown in flooded paddies)
pahanjī	requirement
Papa	father	dad				T.I.
párfo	perfume	fragrance
párlekai	parliament (generic term)
pashkil	foundation	trust	endowment
patsū	proof
Paushil	navy (milit.)
pautang	harbour	landing stage				T.I.
payata	shoe
pecchi	pet					T.I.
pelgwo	resource
pitōn	festival					T.I.
R
raén	Queen (historic title in western Kojo
raito	web application	online-plattform
rajaen’gyo	strategy
rakuotashwe	pharmacy					R.I.
raribawe	water park	swimming pool for playing
refāgyu	unit inside a ministry	field of expertise inside an organisation
reggyadum	management	managing
rénle	bird
ressoróng	restaurant
rézo	network
ríkin	research
rízai	mind	brain (metaphorically)				T.I., K.I.
rinin	personell
roélijon	religion
roen‘giésh	expertise	practically aquired knowledge
Rōka	equiv. of a (non-consecutive) Master's degree
S
saeffusói	continuation	sequel
sāmahando	constitution
senka	subject (at uni)
senpā	room	chamber
sēzu	politics	policy (general strategy, not specific law)
shataei	certificate
shil	heart					T.I., K.I.
shínchopō	(Kojolese) constitution
shíyubi	defense
shóukai	(trade) fair
showaeng	property					R.I.
showugan	museum
simitachi	cemetery
sochizággai	overseas	foreign lands
soelsha	sister					K.I., R.I.
sogwosoi	surrounding	environment
solkai	club	chamber
sul'apétawe	town/city hall
sulchae	city	town				R.I.
T
tácham	flood
taē	(planet) earth					R.I.
Taechi	cross
taechikyō	christianity	christian church (denomination, community)
taechisūsha	christians
taedo	cross-section	intersection
taéte	treaty	contract				K.I.
taigi	sport
táikomi	hope	good outlook
tákoechiwe	wholesale	central market
tanī	family					T.I., K.I.
tasha	landscape
tau	K.I., R.I.: daytime	T.I.: day
tesan	view(point)	sight	perspective	(contentual) standpoint
tokkyaen	town (place names)
tom	(public transport) ticket
Tónsae	brother					K.I., R.I.
tsukikae	replacement					T.I., K.I.
tsumri	winter					K.I.
tsungbon	culture
tsuri	flower
U
uelchae	village					R.I.
uelfā	service (municipal agency on the regional level)
uénki	territory
ufobal	timetable (transportation)
uimtan	question	inquiri				K.I.
ugóbawe	swimming pool for excercise/sport
uzam	energy (power network)
W
wamzudamolno	spatial planning
waken	garden
weiwe	prison
woke	arm	limb
wokkwe	elongated building
wúhakkai	organisation	association				R.I.
Y
yaecchu	spring					T.I.
yaélai	bicycle					T.I., K.I.
yaesshang’gwol	(job) benefit	bonus	additional perk
yētekel	language
yilchúmi	interest	concern	need
yinfa	colour
yultai	(natural) environment
Z
Zangákka	equiv. of a (consecutive) Master's degree
zan’ne	day (24 hours)					K.I., R.I.
zaráng	heritage
zenbawe	spa	onsen	swimming pool for relaxation
zensho	grammar
zēsayin	(border) customs
zibbu	department	subsection of a company/public authority
zika	horse
zō	victim					T.I., K.I.
zoggwaran	synagogue
zueshóukai	(trade) fair

Verbs

Kojoshi	Ingerish 1	Ingerish 2	Ingerish 3	Ingerish 4	Ingerish 5	Registry (if not universal)
A
amshu	to begin doing something	to take office				K.I., R.I.
amyu	to rain	rain
anályu	to analyse
aru	to be	to exist somewhere				K.I.
azelu	to say	to chat	to talk			T.I.
B
byoeltsu	to kill					T.I., K.I.
byumu	to sleep					K.I.
C
chelnu	to offer	to be available
chuemu	to protext (from sth.)
D
dashu	to plan
díraeu	to think	to believe	to suppose	to guess		K.I.
E
elpyaenfu	to lead	to guide	to exercise control over
enkēlu	to fall/die in war
etadorau	to be committed to sth.	to put effort into sth.
F
fólkaishu	to warmly receive, to welcome
fuézyadu	to shoot (a gun)
fúshu	to do	to work on a job (old fashioned)
G
gafaemu	to work on	to treat				K.I.
gyinelu	to buy					T.I.
gyunyu	to move (permanent, like moving house, shift a chance, change school)
H
hayelu	to fly
haznuelu	to reach
I
icchalu	to send (in)
igaengchishu	to relate to sth	to be connected to something	to be relevant for sth.
imkaibu	to coordinate sth.	to collaborate with so.				K.I.
ingamu	to say	to talk	to speak			K.I.
ishu	to hear
J
jijiyaeng'u	to trade
jottu	to give					T.I.
K
kokkyōshu	to border sth.
kóntsuru	to build	to carry out construction work				K.I.
ku	to be (descriptive)					T.I., K.I.
kyabau	to coordinate with so.
L
laébumru	to live
laébumwe	residence	residential building
lishi	history
lusunu	to take a picture
M
maekkafaemu	to develop
maekkalu	to send (out)
maekkigyunyu	to move house (non-specific if move to or away from adressant)	to relocate
marzu	to train	to practice in an organised manner
mijilinlu	to be interested in sth.
mishu	to buy					K.I., R.I.
N
nalkyu	to choose
nambu	to be	to exist somewhere				R.I.
O
odamishu
odamishu	to sell					K.I.
oetsōmu	to migrate
ontérinu	to agree to sth.	to accept sth.				K.I., R.I.
osoaku	to represent
osoingamu	to be responsible
otasu	to sell					R.I.
otazelu	to offer					K.I.
P
pettelchu	to rotate
pyáfu	to rise	to get up
pyegifu	to disuse
R
raru	to play	to spend leisure time
roenglanzu	to spread	to be transmitted (germs etc.)				R.I.
S
saeffushu	to continue sth.	to go on with sth.
settainōku	to make available	to provide
shárukanyaelu	to protect	to preserve
shōtalju	to embrace	to appreciate	to encourage
sowenlu	to teach
soworu	to learn
T
tamtsu	to think (both process and 'to think, that…')	to believe	to ponder			T.I.
tamtsu’u	to think (mind-process, not 'to believe sth.')	to contemplate				K.I.
tuekau	to open sth. (T.I., K.I.)	to open sth. to public use (R.I.)
toidaebu	to blossom
U
uetau	to eat
umsolgu	to apply (for a job)					K.I., R.I.
W
wálu	to run
wámdau	to plan					K.I.
wesshu	to contact					K.I.
Y
yaeshitteru	to advance sth.	to spread sth.	to promote sth.
yaeshkou	to advance	to rise into	to be promoted	to ascent
yuku	to go	to move by foot				K.I.
Z
zoékau	to maintain	to upkeep

Adjectives

Kojoshi	Ingerish 1	Ingerish 2	Ingerish 3	Ingerish 4	Ingerish 5	Registry (if not universal)
A
aku	south
anályumfel	analythical
B
bang	low	subordinate
bojōaeng	proficient	to be skilful at
C
chidoe	physical	material
choewal	equestrian					K.I., R.I.
D
dehal	difficult
dōdaeki	regional
dyong	east
E
émino	outstanding	eminent				R.I.
F
fīngal	warm (physical and emotional)
G
gaggwoelbunreisūka	equitable
genji	local	in a small area
H
haelgyazó	normal	common	usual
haerū	far	distant
haingbue	available at a low cost	discounted				K.I.
humenyamin	amber					K.I.
hóti	close	near
I
J
jarinum	temporary					K.I.
jeangba	busy
K
kágal	inner
kámpō	voluntarily
kibō	north
kifaimdōdaeki	stretegic
komkosa	thematically wide	varied
kōng	deep
kyanbue	inhouse	internal	inside an agency/company
L
limbē	west
lomsa	more (countable)					K.I., R.I.
M
maecchaē	great	large	important			K.I.
maéi	beautiful	visually pleasing				K.I.
maelduoen	call for tenderopen bidding	advertisement
maggitā	nacre-coloured
mashkal	special	out of the ordinary the way sth. Is (qualitative)
mijizággai	international
miryoku	attractive	appealing				K.I.
munchipal	municipal
N
nyū	dark
O
onlain	online
osují	favourite
P
pacchi	wet (fields, land)
pai	bright (light)
pal	brown
R
ralnu	to write					K.I.
S
shim	fast	quick	rapid (K.I.)			T.I., K.I.
shotten	hard
sochizággai	foreign	of/from a different country
sumaron	underwater	submarine				R.I.
supaéfi	special	noteworthy	outstanding in importance/size/amount… (quantitative)
T
taechikyomsol	christian
toicho	all (K.I.: very strong emphasis)					T.I., K.I.
tossal	clear	distinct	pronounced
U
uítai	valid (K.I.)	durable until (R.I.)				K.I., R.I.
ungsō	calm	peaceful				T.I., K.I.
W
weng	wet
Y
yemen	outer
Z
zággai	national
zóngmo	important	to be considered	to play an important role			R.I.

Numerals

Numerals in Kojoshi retain a certain stem, and their ending changes depending on what grammatical purpose they serve. Often these endings look similar to the particle with a similar function, although there are many exceptions and irregularities.

When forming large compound numbers, all numerals stay in their standard form and only the last numeral indicates the grammatical function, with 11 and 12 forming exceptions. Particle clusters have to be avoided with numerals. If for example one wants to say "(the item) on the fifth (rank of the shelf)", the particle ending for ~th and "of" would not merge, but instead the lowest tier of information (here the ordinal ~th part) is conveyed in the ending of the numeral, and the other particles are attached after that in their standard form, forming "hile de". Note that these situations usually only occur when the sentences are extremely shortened and all already mentioned information is omitted, as the long form would be "SHELF so hile RANK de".

Numerals in Kojoshi with some declinations

Ingerish	Standard name of number itself, counting, money	Quantifier ("so") 5 dogs, 7 years, 10 degrees	Ordinal number The 5th row	Year Usually other time particles following	Day Day of the month, sim. to ord. number	-ary primary, secondary, tertiary...
1	ara	aso	ale	atali		purímaē
2	yaéra	yaésso	yaére	yaettali		sékondaē
3	yúra	yússo	yúre	yuttali		yússodo
4	chura	chuso	chule	chutari		kwátenaē
5	hira	hizo	hile	hitari		kínaē
6	wera	weso	wele	wetari		sénaē
7	yota	yotso	yose	yōdari		yotsodo
8	utta	uttso	usse	uttari		uttsodo
9	inya	inso	inle	indari		insodo
10	tén	ténso	ténle	tettari		ténsodo
11	tárea	táreso	tárele	táratáli
12	tyáera	tyáso	tyáre	tyaettari
13	chén-yúra	chén-yússo	chén-yúre
14	chén-chura	chén-chuso	chén-chule
20	yaé-cchén	yaé-cchénso	yaé-cchénle
21	yaé-cchén-ara	yaé-cchén-aso	yaé-cchén-ale
30	yúra-cchen	yúra-cchenso	yúra-cchénle
40	chura-cchen	chura-cchenso	chura-cchénle
100	tōku	tōkuso	tōkure
123	tōku-yaé-cchén-yúra	tōku-yaé-cchén-yússo
1,000	kau	kazo	kalu
1,123	Kau-tōku-yaé-cchén-yúra	Kau-tōku-yaé-cchén-yússo
10,000	tén-kau	tén-kazo
126,000	tōku-yaé-cchén-wera-kau	tōku-yaé-cchén-wera-kazo
1,000,000	rifilem	rifilso	rifile

Particles

Particles mark the role of a noun, verb or adjective that they follow in a sentence. Unlike affixes, they are used for a wide range of grammatical (as opposed to contentual) functions and are separated from the word they mark by a space.

-Table to be added-

Time and Date

Months Arhash (py) Petesh (py) Márash (py) Chigats (hp) Maé (ax) Rokkats (hp) Hyuli (py) Ógus (py) Sekkembesh (py) Jūgats (hp) Nófom (ax) Baél (py) py = pyilser, hp = hopponese, ax = ataraxian ethymology

Days of the week Kantau x x x Urban / Ūban x x

Pronouns and Determiners

Pronouns in Kojolese differ depending on the register used. The degree of nuancedness varies depending on the register, and some pronouns have different meanings in different registers despite being spelled and pronounced the same.

Tanōikishi, mostly from Pilser bases I yaesh You (sg.&pl.) do/dō1 He/She nya/nyā1 It ji/jī1 We (inlc.&exl.) mel They naráng Depending on whether a vowel (long) or consonant (short) is following

Kēikishi, strong Hopponese influence I wádash1 You (sg.&pl.) kigang He alga/al She naráng2 It chira/occhira We (exlc.) mel We (inlc.) kigákkodash They kára Court members betitled Queen Nobunga with plural naráng instead of "she"; it stuck and became the standard polite "she".

Rikaikishi, partly influenced by Ataraxian I je You(Sg.) chú He íl She aél It il He/She (Gender neutral pers. sg.) One (animate sg., "a person" or animal) hom We (exclusive) nú We (inclusive) You (pl.) bū They (personal) aelé They (personal/animate) They (unambiguous, usually inanimate) You (sg. or pl.)

• here: ai
• this/these (one here) (pronoun; "I like this"): aile
• this/these (one here) (determiner; "I like this book"): amren

• there: kō
• this/these (one there) (pronoun): kōle
• this/these (one there) (determiner): kol

Verb Conjugation and Modal Verbs

Verbs in Kojolese are conjugated in 6 tenses (past, present and future, each with an optional progressive aspect), genera verbi (active and passive), and can be further modified with modal verbs (want, should, let's...). Kojolese is an agglutinative language, meaning verb modifying morphems can be added to the verb indefinitely until the meaning becomes too complicated for even natives to understand.

In the simple present every verb end in -u, for the progressive aspect this becomes -um. The simple past and past progressive are created with -e and -em, the future and the future progressive (only rarely used) are marked with -i and -im respectively. This also applies to modal verbs.

The active mood is unmarked. The most common way to express passiveness in a larger sentence is to use the (transitive) verb in a noun modifying clause before the respective noun. For example, odamishe tsuri fa toidaebu would mean "the sold flower blooms"/"the flower, that was sold, blooms". The modal verb o.rau was used to turn every verb into the passive form, with the final -u of the verb changing to an "o" (unless there is another vowel before the final -u, then the bridge vowel is not needed). This can indicate passive mood without changing the word order, however in modern Kojolese that is usually perceived as archaic use of language. In passive sentences where in Ingerish the objective of the speaker is to leave out the subject, the subject can simply be omitted in Kojolese and the thing the action is being done to is still marked with the direct subject marker SUM. The sentence "Yaesh sum byoeltsi" would mean "I will be killed", or literally "something (omitted) will kill me".

Verb forms (including modal verbs) can all be negated with the modal verb (u).rau. Where the negation(s) take place in the chains of main verb and modal verbs is very important to the meaning; for example, mish.rai.sau (buy.not.want) means "I don't want to BUY", but mishi.sa.rau (buy.want.not) means "I don't WANT to buy" (but I NEED to/was FORCED to...).

Modal verbs follow the verb they modify, and can build long chains. In the standard form, the modal verb overwrites the tense of the main verb. When it is important to retain the past or future tense of the main verb, the tenses themselves need to be expressed by another modal verb in between the main verb and the following modal verbs. These tense markers are the origin of the modern (shortened) tense forms. In Rikaikishi it is necessary to always use the modal verb form for the past and future tenses when adding modal verbs after the verb, and use the plain form strictly for the present tense. The present progressive aspect is lost in these cases and needs to be emphasized with marker words such as "right now".

Modal verbs usually consist of one or two syllables, and change the last syllable of the predecessor depending on the syllable structure. There are three ways the final syllable(s) of a verb (including modal verbs themselves) can look like:

• M-u (the final u finishes off a syllable starting with a versatile consonant) (Type 1)
• F-u (the final u finishes off a syllable starting with a fixed consonant) (Type 2)
• -V-u (the -u stands alone after a syllable ending in a vowel) (Type 3)

FC=fixed cons., can only stand at beginning; M=Versatile cons.; V=Vowel

Depending on the types above, modal verbs might simply change the -u to another vowel, keep the -u, or attach themselves to the stem (e.g. leave out the bridge vowel completely).

i.sau - to want á.u - to can o.myu - to try e.kkyu- must ("soft"; in order for something else) -must ("hard"; under any condition) (u).rau - NOT; U only when there is a fixed consonant before final -u, e.g. syllable needs to be completed. ue.meru - begin -.ngu - to end i.salnu- shall, is supposed to, imperative in K.I. o.rau - passive

Affixes

Affixes are used to create compound words with a more nuanced meaning compared to the base word. Unlike Particles, they do not influence the grammatical but the contentual function of a word and are not separated by a space mark. They can be added after (suffix) or before (prefix) the base word.

Changing word class

To From	Verb	Noun	Adjective
Verb	-	root (sometimes full verb)+-doen/-molno/-sói/-hīchon...: standard nominalisation stem+sha/cha: "doer"	-u/e/i.mfel (not to be confused with Ingerish -ing or -ed form, usually carries different meaning than equivalent simple noun-modifying clause ("analytical" instead of "analysing")
Noun	-yu/-shu turns noun into action most commonly associated; actor -> to act To make something <noun>; large array of affixes and prefixes, see below the table ...	-	-daeki creates common adjective ... ...
Adjective	to make something <adjective>: -ku/-jaeyu/-yōnshu to become <adjective>: PH.	-msol creates common noun: liberal<ism> sha/cha a person that is...	-

verb root: drop the final syllable
verb stem: drop the final u when preceding consonant can be put at the end of a syllable, otherwise change u to i.

Place names

• -sul common for towns and cities
• -uel common for villages
• -kwen bath, spa town
• -tsūm like -dom in dukedom, kingdom etc
• -chae added to aforementioned suffixes to create the general word for village, city etc.
• -chi market
• -nai rock, mountain
• -gwo valley, side of a mountain slide
• -rū valley, plain between to mountains

Streets

• -daitō large representative boulevard
• sal large representative ring road
• -kesha major arterial road
• -toku collector road
• -tyambun planned street running orthogonal to purposeful axis
• -tyam'mi planned scenic park-avenue, usually with trees and visual axis
• -sol path, old trade route
• -michi common residential street
• -roekka bypass, through-pass
• -tsu narrow alley
• -kal (race) track
• Gúwan square

Qualitative

• zóng(shin)- central (main)
• shi- central (region)
• shad-(vowel) / shadd-(syllable with versatile cons./h, cons. replaced by dd) / sha-(syllables with fixed cons., fixed cons. doubled) far
• dō- regional
• ta- large, big, major, of a different scale
• ko- small, minor
• hakk-/hang/, (-vowel/w->y/y, -consonant) special, out of the ordinary, unusual
• sō-/sōf (-cons., -vowel) ordinary, normal, usual, general
• soém/soémi (-vowel.,-cons.) semi-, half, hybrid
• bol- all, overview
• miji- inter-
• arha- first, starting point (arhazi, arhawe)
• nakkō- prior (nakkōzi, nakkōwe)
• a'-(cons.) / ā-(w, y) / apy-(vowel) next, subsequent(ajji, azi, āwe)
• baélj-(vowel) / baél- last ending point(baélzi, baélwe)
• icch- inwards, impact, to (be) hit, arrivals
• hyoel- to buy, to win for one's side
• ota-/oda- to let go/give away/to loosen
• maekk- outward, to go away/to flee/to depart
• oso- like Ingerish re-, "again" or "back"
• saekk- / sae-(dbl. cons.) to go on, continue, to not end

Noun specifiers and generalizers

• -we generic building, example: hyosilwe, office building; Gēshusamnengwe, Opera house; Yínyuē-Taitaiwe, theatre ...
  
• -sha creates a profession etc. from a noun or sometimes from a verb: Demomínzu<sha> -> Democracy<crat>
• -saē -fare, as in shipfare, airfare; -layer/-level, as in federal level, surface layer
• -lai -craft as in aircraft, motorcraft
• -ka palace, residency (archaic)
• -kaso research institute
• -zi some type of public transportation, usually rail: Chezi, Norikichezi, Dōzi, Dyanchezi
• -kanú shop
• -díso place, site (construction site etc.)
• -gyu area, site (industrial/commercial area, landuse etc.)
• -gwo plant, as in "power plant", or work, as in "waterworks"