Ree language
Ree | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Reelandic | |||||||||
Ree Reelantsk | |||||||||
Pronunciation | Native: /ˈreː/, /ˈreːlantsk/ Ingerish: /ˈɹiː/, /ˌɹiːˈlændɪk/ | ||||||||
Native to | |||||||||
Region | Ree island | ||||||||
Ethnicity | Ree people | ||||||||
Native speakers | 45 000 000 | ||||||||
Language family | Uletarephian
| ||||||||
Early forms | Proto–Ree
| ||||||||
Dialects | High Reelandic (Oberreelantsk) High Vumrup Reelandic (Obervumrupreelantsk) Low Reelandic (Nederreelantsk) Low Vumrup Reelandic (Nedervumrupreelantsk) | ||||||||
Writing system | Romantian script — Ree alphabet | ||||||||
Signed forms | Reelandic Sign Language (RTG) | ||||||||
Official status | |||||||||
Official language in | ![]() | ||||||||
OGFL-1 | re | ||||||||
OGFL-2 | rld | ||||||||
![]() | |||||||||
Map of the Ree language by dialects.
Low Vumrup Reelandic
Low Reelandic
High Vumrup Reelandic
High Reelandic |
Ree or Reelandic language is the language spoken in Reeland. It is in the Gaermanic group, and is closely related to Kalmish and High Astrasian. It originated on Ree island, as a mixture between the native proto–Ree language and Gaermanic immigrants' language. By some linguists, the name “Reelandic” is deemed more accurate, as it refers to the modern Gaermanic language that is now spoken in Reeland, while Ree can refer to the older forms of the language as well, not all of which could be considered Gaermanic. Throughout history, older forms of Reelandic have had significant Eganian influences, which are still seen in modern Reelandic, as it has much more words of Eganian origin than other Gaermanic languages do.
Contents
Alphabet
The standard Reelandic alphabet has 26 letters:
Capital letters | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A | B | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | R | S | T | U | Ů | V | W | Ö | X | Y | Z |
Small letters | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
a | b | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | r | s | t | u | ů | v | w | ö | x | y | z |
Additional letters (C, Q, Ä, Ü) are used in loanwords and foreign words. Ree language used to have an alphabet similar to the Kalmish alphabet, but over time, partly naturally and partly artificially, the pronunciation started to differ from Kalmish significantly, leading to removing the letters C, Q, Ä and Ü, and adding the letter Ů.
As in most languages, the letters of the alphabet have their names, which typically relate to how they are pronounced:
|
|
Phonetics
For help with pronunciation, see Vowel chart with audio and Pulmonic consonant chart with audio, or alternatively: Interactive IPA chart
Vowels
Reelandic language has 8 vowel letters: A, E, I, O, U, Ů, Ö, Y. They are classified as basic vowels. Each vowel letter has a respective phoneme or range of phonemes/allophones. In the table below, there are examples of each vowel in Ree, Kalmish and Ingerish.
Letter | A | E | I | O | U | Ů | Ö | Y |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
IPA | /a/ [ä] | /e/ [e̞] | [i] | /o/ [o̞] | [ʉ] | [u] | /ø/ [ø̞] | [y] |
Example (Ree) | Hafen | Berg | inn | ober | Sut | Hůs | gröt | System |
Example (Kalmish) | Katze | Bett | Ziel | voll | (no examples) | Fuß | schön | über |
Example (Ingerish) | father | let | free | more | choose | boot | (no examples) | (no examples) |
Combinations of Reelandic letters can produce a new, so–called complex vowel. Examples are: ao /ɑ/, eu /ɨ/, ei /ɪ/, ey /ʏ/.[note 1]
Grapheme | ao | ei | ey | eu |
---|---|---|---|---|
IPA | /ɑ/ | /ɪ/ | /ʏ/ | /ɨ/ |
Example (Ree) | Kaort | Keirk | heyr | neu |
Example (Kalmish) | nah | bitte | schutzen | (no examples) |
Example (Ingerish) | hot | bit | foot | chicken |
Front | Central | Back | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
unrounded | rounded | unrounded | rounded | unrounded | rounded | |
Close | i | y | ɨ | ʉ | u | |
Near-close | (ɪ) | (ʏ) | ||||
Mid | e̞ | ø̞ | (ə) | o̞ | ||
Open | ä | ɑ |
- /a/ is central [ä].[note 2]
- /e, ø, o/ are true-mid [e̞, ø̞, o̞].[note 2]
- When short, /e, o/ can be realized as mid-open [ɛ, ɔ].
- When long, /e, o, ø/ can be realized as mid-close [eː, oː, øː].
- /ɨ, ʉ, u/ are close to their respective cardinal vowels [ɨ, ʉ, u].
- /ɑ/ is near-back.
- Schwa (/ə/) is not present in Reelandic as a phoneme, but it can precede a sonorant that would otherwise be syllabic. For example, ⟨hůsn⟩ can either be realized as [hʷuːsn̩] or [hʷuːsən].
Diphthongs
to be written
Consonants
to be written
Transcription
In most languages, Reelandic is not transcribed, but rather transliterated. This primarily concerns the letter Ö, which is rare in non-Gaermanic alphabets, and Ů, which is only present in Reelandic and Drabantian. As for transcription to Reelandic, in order to maintain phonetic consistency, foreign texts are transcribed so that the pronunciation of the transcription matches or resembles the original pronunciation.
Ingerish
From Reelandic
In transcription to Ingerish, only the phonemes not present in the Ingerish alphabet are being transliterated; the rest of the letters are not altered. In some proper nouns that have had an Ingerish name for a long time, this rule may not apply (e.g. Klausburg -> Clausburgh).
Reelandic grapheme | Ingerish grapheme |
---|---|
ů | ou |
ö | oe |
aů | au |
To Reelandic
work in progress
Kalmish
As Reelandic and Kalmish are closely related, most letters have a 1-to-1 correspondence; however, there are some differences in the phonetic systems of the two.
From Reelandic
work in progress
To Reelandic
work in progress
Notes
- ↑ ⟨ei⟩ and ⟨ey⟩ can be realized either as monophthongs /ɪ/ and /ʏ/, or as diphthongs /ei̯/ and /øy̯/, respectively. The diphthong realization is more common, as the monophthongs can sometimes hardly be distinguished from /i/ or /ɨ/, and /y/ or /ʉ/, respectively.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 While phonemes /a/, /e/, /o/, and /ø/ are typically realized as [ä], [e̞], [o̞], [ø̞]; allophones [a, ä], [e, e̞], [o, o̞], [ø, ø̞] are indistinguishable in practice.