Wiesermoria

[[File:{{{flag}}}|150px|Flag of Wiesermoria]]

Republic of Wiesermoria Wiesermorische Republik/Визерморская Республика (German, Russian) Capital: Blauwitz, Sinegrad Population: 30,000,000

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Wiesermoria is a country on the western edge of East Uletha. It has an area of 130,831 km² and forms an isthmus which is bordered by the Iver and Kaspen seas. Wiesermoria used to be two independent countries — Ivermoria and Breitwieserland until 1993, when they unified. Due to this fact the country's capital cities are the two constituents' respective former capitals, the largest city is Sinegrad with a population of 6,000,000. The population density is 230/km².

History

What is now known as Wiesermoria has been a border region for most of modern human history. The area has been inhabited by nomads since ~2000 BC and was subject to constant raids and pillaging; due to this fact permanent settlements were few and far between until the 16^th century AD, and with the advent of colonisation and disease prophylaxis the area was quickly divided between Germanic settlers in the east and Slavic settlers in the west. The dispersed colonies eventually unified under two banners - Breitwieserland (1829) and Elvirmoria (1794), both nations trading goods and exchanging cultures and languages with each other for a century until vast oil and coal deposits were discovered in Elvirmoria in 1935 after which the neighbouring Chara Republic invaded it. Over the course of the 20^th century borders were closed off and fortified, forming an impassable barrier between the two formerly cordial nations. Breitwieserland received support from other democratic nations due to its immediate proximity to a belligerent leadership and proceeded to develop a strong capitalist economy similar to other western nations in the same position. Due to several Elvirmorian revolts in the 1980s and 1990s, the Chara Republic eventually ceded independence after proving unable to keep propping up the socialist government in Elvirmoria. Almost immediately after independence, the two countries voted to reunify, forming the Republic of Wiesermoria (Wiesermorische Republik/Визерморская республика) on 8/08/1993. At the present moment the country is still majority Russian-speaking in the west and German-speaking in the east, however both languages frequently take loanwords from each other and most citizens are proficient in both Russian and German.

Geography

Natural Geography

The nation's climate is mostly hemiboreal or Dfb using the Köppen climate classification, similar to Central and Eastern Europe, northeastern China and the eastern American-Canadian border region. Summer temperatures range from 21-28 °C, while winter temperatures stay between -5 to 5 °C, although frequently reach -15 °C. The landscape is characterised by rolling hills and sprawling ancient forests. The terrain becomes slightly mountainous in the central part of the country forming a barrier between the east and west halves of the country, however most of the country is relatively flat due to it being situated on a wide isthmus separating the Kaspen and Iver Seas. The climate becomes more Mediterranean (Cfa) on both coasts, having a landscape similar to that of northern California or Italy, with a gradual chaparral shrubland (Cfb) transition from the steppes.

Human Geography

Wiesermoria is inhabited primarily by Russians in the west and Germans in the east. Because of the eastern part of the country being generally more habitable and having more rivers, it has a slightly larger population. Because of rapid urbanisation efforts by the socialist government, Elvirmoria boasts large metropolitan centres which concentrate most of the region's population, which contrasts with the mostly suburban eastern cities.

Wiesermoria has an unequal development distribution due to it being two different countries until 1993; a stark contrast exists along the old Elvirmorian-Breitwieserland border. Elvirmoria had similar levels of development to other formerly Soviet and Eastern Bloc countries; its economy was mostly based on natural resource extraction and refinement such as coal, oil, chemicals, etc. As for transport, railways were the primary focus of the socialist government, highways being built primarily for local freight traffic. After unification, car ownership rates skyrocketed in Elvirmoria, meaning severe congestion and low traffic safety were characteristic of the region until only recently; public transit in cities was modernised, new avtomagistrali (motorways) were built to western standards, and the existing road network received drastic overhauls and repaved. On the other hand, Breitwieserland has always had a capitalist and free-market economy and thus had a plethora of industries such as electronics, automotive manufacturing, coal, and recently financial and service industries. Around the middle of the 20^th century Breitwieserland began producing and importing vehicles on a much larger scale than Elvirmoria, prompting the government to focus much more on providing efficient private and public transport links: the first Autobahn was opened in 1949, after which the motorway network has expanded considerably to mirror the road network density of other western nations. One of the first major infrastructure projects after unification was to construct a motorway-railway supercorridor between east and west Wiesermoria, in hopes of bringing more development and commerce to former Elvirmoria. The country has unified traffic rules, however road signs and railway signals follow different standards in the east and west to this day.

Economy

Transportation

Road

Road Class	Road Numbering Scheme	Route Shield	Function	Design Parameters (Breitwieserland)	Design Parameters (Ivermoria)
Autobahn Автомагистраль Autobahn/Автомагистраль (highway=motorway)	A###	Shield in Breitwieserland Shield in Ivermoria	High-quality and high-speed roads that carry primary road traffic. Motorways follow strict design requirements which enable the conveyance of high-speed traffic safely. Most motorways in Ivermoria have older, lower quality design standards which necessitate a 110 km/h speed limit.	At least two and no more than four mainline lanes in each direction Central reservation at least 4 (preferably 6) metres wide, guard rail is required Design speed of 150 km/h in wet weather Hard shoulder at least 3 metres (2 lanes) or at least 2.5 metres wide (3-4 lanes) No railway, pedestrian or cycle crossings No traffic lights or at-grade intersections No u-turn areas	At least two and no more than four mainline lanes in each direction Central reservation at least 4 metres wide without a guard rail and at least 2 metres wide with a guard rail Design speed of 120 km/h or 150 km/h in dry weather Hard shoulder at least 2.5 metres wide No railway, pedestrian or cycle crossings No traffic lights or at-grade intersections No u-turn areas
Kraftfahrstraße Скоростная дорога Kraftfahrstraße/Скоростная дорога (highway=trunk)	M###	Shield in Breitwieserland Shield in Ivermoria	High-quality and high-speed roads that carry primary road traffic. Lower quality than motorways and opted for in places with difficult terrain or in and around cities due to the lower design requirements and construction costs. All trunk roads are motorroads but not all motorroads are trunk roads.	At least two and no more than three mainline lanes in each direction Central reservation at least 4 metres wide, guard rail is required Design speed of 130 km/h in wet weather Hard shoulder at least 2.5 metres wide No railway, pedestrian or cycle crossings No traffic lights or at-grade intersections No u-turn areas	At least two and no more than four mainline lanes in each direction Central reservation at least 3 metres wide without a guard rail and at least 2 metres wide with a guard rail Design speed of 100 km/h or 120 km/h in dry weather Hard shoulder at least 2.5 metres wide No railway, pedestrian or cycle crossings No traffic lights or at-grade intersections with crossing traffic movements No u-turn areas
Vorfahrtstraße Главная дорога Hauptstraße/Дорога первой значимости (highway=primary)	##	Shield in Breitwieserland Shield in Ivermoria	Most important roads in Wiesermoria — they connect the largest cities, ports, airports and other terminals together and form a connected network across the whole country without any isolated stretches of road. In urban areas primary roads are the most important corridors in the city that bear the heaviest traffic loads and connect the centre with major suburbs, as well as connecting major districts. If a ring road is present then it acts as a primary road and no primary roads may exist inside the ring.	Pedestrians and cycle crossings must be signalised No railway crossings High quality stretches feature 1+2 or 2+2 lane configurations, which must also feature a central reservation or guard rail. Road must have provisions for vulnerable road users	Pedestrians and cycle crossings must be signalised Minimal railway crossings (only with insignificant rail traffic) High quality stretches feature 1+2 or 2+2 lane configurations
Landesstraße/Дорога второй значимости (highway=secondary)	###	Shield in Breitwieserland Shield in Ivermoria	Next most important roads in Wiesermoria — they connect primary roads together or cities/towns to primary roads as well as linking small cities and towns. In urban areas secondary roads are those that are less important than primary roads and connect suburbs or smaller districts with each other.
Kreisstraße/Дорога третьей значимости (highway=tertiary)	####	Shield in Breitwieserland Shield in Ivermoria	Roads that are less important than secondary roads — they connect secondary roads together or towns to secondary roads as well as linking towns. In urban areas tertiary roads connect small suburbs or quarters with the centre and with each other.
Nebenstraße/Дорога четвёртой значимости (highway=unclassified/residential)	N/A		Roads that carry local traffic and aren't meant for heavy use. Residential roads are unclassified roads with the primary function of providing access to residential properties.
Жилая зона Wohnstraße Wohnstraße/Жилая улица (highway=living_street)	N/A		Residential roads that have been traffic-calmed to prioritise creating a safe environment for pedestrians. Through traffic is forbidden from using these roads. Pedestrians have priority over other road users and may cross or walk along the carriageway at any point in which case they must be given way to.
Wirtschaftsweg/Просёлочная дорога (highway=track)	N/A		Roads that facilitate access to farms or forestry areas, usually unpaved.
Zufahrtsweg/Проезд прилегающей территории	N/A		Roads that facilitate access to adjoining road facilities as well as minor residential areas

Route Numbering System

Wiesermoria uses a route numbering system where certain pre-defined corridors are assigned a number and zones are created. Zones 1 through 5 are located in Ivermoria and zones 6 through 9 are located in Breitwieserland. All minor roads are thereby numbered according to the zone they are located. The only exception to this rule is A1, which crosses many zones. Certain roads may be improved and a prefix is then assigned to the number (A or M). If the original road is kept and a new (bypass) road is constructed the original road keeps the number and the bypass uses the same number, but with the appropriate prefix.

Speed limit sign installed on Ivermorian borders

Speed Limits

The default speed limits for motorcars, motorcycles and goods vehicles are as follows:

• 130 km/h on motorways (WM:motorway)
• 90 km/h outside urban areas (WM:rural)
• 50 km/h inside urban areas (WM:urban)
• 20 km/h on living streets or inside service areas (WM:living_street)

The default speed limits for vehicles pulling a trailer or HGVs are as follows:

• 90 km/h on motorways
• 70 km/h outside urban areas
• 50 km/h inside urban areas
• 20 km/h on living streets or inside service areas

The default speed limits for buses are as follows:

• 100 km/h on motorways
• 80 km/h outside urban areas
• 50 km/h inside urban areas
• 20 km/h on living streets or inside service areas

HGVs are defined as cargo vehicles with a GVWR of over 3.5 tons while those with a GVWR below or equal to 3.5 tons are classed as goods vehicles. HGVs, vehicles pulling a trailer and buses must not exceed their motorway speed limit if the posted limit is higher.

Buses without seatbelts (such as city buses) and school buses are limited to 60 km/h.

Speed Limit (km/h)	Breitwieserland	Ivermoria
	Selected high-quality stretches of motorway (must have at least 3 lanes in each direction, an electronic traffic management system, regular speed enforcement and other additional safety features	Not used
	Default motorway limit High quality rural motorroads	Default motorway limit (in practice only high quality (Breitwieserland standard) sections of motorway have this speed limit)
	Medium quality rural motorroads	Dangerous sections of motorway
	Low quality rural motorroads	Legacy standards motorway sections High quality rural motorroads High quality rural roads (must have central reservation or guard rail)
	Motorways or motorroads where weaving occurs on the mainline carriageway Urban motorways or motorroads (uncommon) High quality rural roads (must have central reservation or guard rail), road must have provisions for vulnerable road users (pedestrians, equestrians, cyclists)	Motorways or motorroads where weaving occurs on the mainline carriageway High quality rural roads (must have central reservation or guard rail) Medium quality rural motorroads
	Default rural limit, road must have provisions for vulnerable road users (pedestrians, equestrians, cyclists)	Default rural limit Low quality rural motorroads
	Urban motorways or motorroads Dangerous sections of rural roads, road must have provisions for vulnerable road users (pedestrians, equestrians, cyclists)	Urban motorways or motorroads Urban roads with the primary function of motor vehicle traffic (must have barriers separating pavement/cycleway from carriageway, must not have cycle lanes in the carriageway, must not have traffic lights, level crossings or at-grade intersections with crossing traffic)
	Rural roads that do not have provisions for vulnerable road users (pedestrians, equestrians, cyclists)	Dangerous sections of rural roads Urban roads with the primary function of motor vehicle traffic (must have barriers separating pavement/cycleway from carriageway, must not have cycle lanes in the carriageway, must not have traffic lights, level crossings or at-grade intersections with crossing traffic)
	Urban roads with the primary function of motor vehicle traffic (must have barriers separating pavement/cycleway from carriageway, must not have cycle lanes in the carriageway, must not have traffic lights, level crossings or at-grade intersections with crossing traffic) Rural roads that have been traffic calmed due to high concentrations of vulnerable road users (pedestrians, equestrians, cyclists), usually placed as a zone (WM:zone60)	Major urban roads Rural roads that have been traffic calmed due to high concentrations of vulnerable road users (pedestrians, equestrians, cyclists), usually placed as a zone (WM:zone60)
	Default urban limit	Default urban limit
	Usually placed as a zone (WM:zone40) in residential areas	Usually placed as a zone (WM:zone40) in residential areas
	Urban roads that have been traffic calmed due to high concentrations of vulnerable road users (pedestrians, equestrians, cyclists), usually placed as a zone (WM:zone30) Bicycle roads/zones	Urban roads that have been traffic calmed due to high concentrations of vulnerable road users (pedestrians, equestrians, cyclists), usually placed as a zone (WM:zone30) Bicycle roads/zones
	Default living street limit, may not be set outside of living streets or access roads	Default living street limit, may not be set outside of living streets or access roads