Difference between revisions of "Bărădin"

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Bărădin
Municipality, county and commune
Țvinger Castle seen from Ulița Regală
85px Coat of arms
Country	Antharia
• Province	Vallaquia Province
• County	Template:Bărădin County
• Commune	Bărădin Commune
Ethnic Groups (2011)	82,6% Romanish 7,9% Moldavian 4.2% Eganian
Demonym	Borodynian (in)) bărădean, bărădeancă (ro)
Government
• Mayor	Dumitru Stărăian (PNL)
• Party	PNL
Area
• City	287.8 km2 111.1 sq mi
• Urban	1,208.76 km2 466.62 sq mi
Elevation	165-349 m (541-1145 ft)
Population
• Estimate (2017)	4,450,000
• Density	15,462/km2
Postal Code	0xxxx
Website	baradin.an

Bărădin (/bərə'din/, Ingerish: Borodyn; Eganian: Borodyna; Iviran: בורודין; Surian: Бороди́но; Gaerman: Waradein) is the federal capital, the most populous and the biggest municipality in Antharia, as well as one of the 33 Antharian counties. It has an estimated population of 4,450,000 (2017) on 287.8 km² (111.1 sq mi). Bărădin also serves as the capital of the Vallaquia province. The wider Bărădin metropolitan area (zonă urbană de Bărădin) is a polycentric metropolitan region which comprises the municipality of Bărădin, its conurbation and extended suburbs, towns and villages, as well as the municipality of Nădrăcin. It extends over 1,208.8 km² (466.6 sq mi) in central Vallaquia and has approximately 7,6 million inhabitants.

Bărădin is located in the northern section of the Bărăgan plain, near the Bărădina river, in the center of both the country and Vallaquia province. The Bărădin Municipality is bordered by the counties Chotin, Borogan, Arczel and Lapushna. The city's land is generally flat, the highest point being at 349 m (1145 ft) above sea level. As the capital city of Antharia, seat of government and residence of the retired Antharian monarch, Bărădin is also the political, economic and cultural center of the country. The current mayor is Dumitru Stărăian from the National Liberal Party (PNL).

Since the 18th century, Bărădin has been one of Uletha's major centres of finance, commerce, fashion, science, and the arts, being situated at the intersection of several cultures: Garlian and Pretanic, Iviran, Mazanic and Turquese, Eganian, Slevic and and Western Romantian (Ispelian, Darcordian). Borodyn's main attractions include its Kremlin, which is the seat of the Romanish Ekelan Church, the Old Princely Court (Curtea Domnească), the famous Shambord Avenue (Aleea Șambord), the royal palaces of Rosenburgh-Palas, Șambord, Șamborduț and Garchinburgh as well as their gardens, the Iviran neighborhoods Kaddesh, Qa'al Grande, Qa'al Chikou, Qaalbeq and their synagogues (especially the famous Qa'al Grande Synagogue), the still preserved 1852 Antharian National Exhibition, the Geolympic village and the "Colossus Anthari", the Carol I Gardens, the Radu Vodă Monastery and the fortification ring from the late 19th century. They draw more than 5 million international visitors annually.

Etymology

Borodyn and its Kremlin in 1698, Kalmish copper engraving

The Romanish name Bărădin has a unverified origin. In Romano-Slevic, the word stem borod means "pine wood", which might be connected to the large pine woods which used to cover the Romanish lands.

Other etymologies are given by early scholars like the Garlian traveler and writer Aureol Decmus, who said in 1667 that Bărădin was named after "Abor-Adin", the leader of the nomad tribe "Baba-Kureish" in the 4th century AD. In 1833, the Antharian historian Wilhelm Șvabach claimed that Bărădin, called Varadinum in Romantian, origins in the Estian words vár (castle, citadel) or várad (-ad is an Estian suffix in names of settlements).

A native or resident of Borodyn is called a "Borodynian" (Romanish: bărădean/bărădeancă).

History

Prehistory

The oldest evidence of humans on the territory of Bărădin dates from the Neolithic (Câmpul Mars archeological site on the Bărădina River). Other late evidence was discovered near the Sânnicolau Hill (the burial ground of the Berca culture, the site of the Iron Age settlement of the Storozhevoy culture), as well as in the Ca'al Cicu neighborhood.

In the 4th century BC, the lower Bărădina watershed became an area of contact between the indigenous Semetic tribes such as the indigenous Moorsh, the expanding nomad Hellanesians who settled on the Iviran coast and Southern Slevic peoples, who have expanded to this area in the 9th to 8th centuries BC. In the 4th century AD, the area was incorporated into the First Antharian Kingdom. By the 6th century, a minor settlement had appeared on the Jurcă peninsula.

Slavan Sur era (8th - 11th century)

In the late 7th century, a group of Antharian Ekelan monks from the Xiropotamou Monastery in the Antharian Kingdom built a skete on today's Kremlin hill. In 791 the skete was occupied by Sur' and all the Antharian monks were killed. The first known reference to Bărădin dates from 858 when the Citadel of Vorodino, which was built on the foundations of the old skete, became the residence of the knyazhich Suvor II, son of knyaz Boris III, ruler of the Dukas-Toridava Principality of the Slavan Sur.

In 973, Surian ruler Peter the Great extended the Vorodino citadel and built the Arkhangelsky Sobor, the oldest extant building in Bărădin. By the early 11th century, Vorodino was a prosperous city that eclipsed the principality of Dukas-Toridava and became the capital of the new Vorodino Principality

Garlian Varadinum

In 1180, the are was colonized by Garlians and named Romany (Romana/Romania), after its second Garlian prefect Roman Vitellius.

The citadel of Vorodino was occupied by Garlians in 1207, before that, in 1192, A small Castrum was built around a former Antharian Paraklesis situated 500m north of the Sur' citadel. The Castrum was later turned into the first Ortholic monastery on today's Antharian territory and incorporated into the city of Varadina Romanae et Abbatia Augustina Angeli Sanctice, short Varadin(um).

Important buildings

Churches

Name	Image	Year Built	Denomination	Neighborhood	Description	Map
Soborul Doamnei - Therezia Cathedral of Our Lady in Therezia		1838	Romanish Ekelan	Therezia	Seat of the Romanish Ekelan Church, main church in the Borodyn Kremlin	map
Soborul Ortolic Sânsebastian de Garlea St. Sebastian of Garlis Ortholic Cathedral		1795	Garlian Ortholic	Royal Gate Neighborhood	Seat of the Garlian Ortholic Church in Greater Antharia	map
Soborul Arhanghelilor Cathedral of the Archangel		980 AD	Romanish Ekelan	Therezia	Oldest extant building in Borodyn, initially main church of the Vorodino Citadel built by Sur ruler Peter the Great, nowadays part of the Borodyn Kremlin	map

Synagogues

Name	Image	Year Built	Neighborhood	Description	Map
Templul Unirea Sfântă - Beth Dion Beth Dion Holy Union Temple		1912	Barcheeva Gate Neighborhood	Biggest Synagogue in Borodyn, center of Dionic culture	map
Marea Havră Castelaneză Great Castellanese Haora		1822	Iviran Neighborhood (Kaddesh)	Historically the main synagogue of the city, named 'Castellanese' because of its architectural style	map
Havra Ca'al Grande Qa'al Grande Haora		1846	Qa'al Grande	Central Synagogue in the Qa'al Grande neighborhood	map

Freecyclopedic Logias

Name	Image	Year Built	Rite	Neighborhood	Description	Map
Bărăția Tleonică Centrală Central Tlönic Baratsiya		1962	Valakh Rite	Therezia	Central logia, home to the Order of Valakh	map
Marea Logie a Ordinului Templierilor Grand Logia of the Templar Order		1840	Hellanesian Rite	Shambord	Headquarters of the Templar Order	map
Marea Logie a Valachiei "Madeleina" "Madeleina" Grand Logia of Vallaquia		1898	Valakh Rite	Madeleina	Headquarters of the Antharian Valakh National Grand Logia in Vallaquia	map

Administrative buildings

Name	Image	Year Built	Neighborhood	Description	Map
Capitoliul Antarian Antharian Capitolium		1894	Arsenal	Home of the Antharian Congress and the seat of the legislative branch of the Antharian federal government	map
Primăria Municipiului Bărădin Borodyn Municipality Town Hall		1942	Oregon	Town Hall of the Municipality of Borodyn	map

Neighborhoods

Provinces and counties in Antharia

Budshak Province Bercea-Izvoare • Dragea • Ivireana • Năsăud • Vlașca-Sighet Quadrilateral Province Abalia • Anția • Attika • Callatis • Ciprineea • Kaliakra • Karaiman • Reci • Turtukaia Dalbatria Province Buzagia • Calabași • Târnava Mare • Târnava Mică Pollonia Province Caraș • Muscel • Piatra • Șapte Sate Quartia Province Romanați • Torontal • Turdava Vallaquia Province Almaș • Arțel • Bărădin • Bărăgan • Hotin • Lăpușna • Storogineț • Șapirio • Trei Scaune