Geklinia-Dregolesia

Tempeira, officially the Democracia Federalista Tempeirana (Ingerish - Tempeiran Federalist Democracy), is a constitutional democratic federalist republic in Central Tarephia. It has two capitals, Mar Agosto and Tiléia, its largest city being Carotaba. It borders Barzona, Valaga, TA101, Tarephia Equatorial, Vodeo, Dania, TA305, Nayina and Araguán.

Tempeiran Federalist Democracy
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Motto: "Nós somos Tempeira, Tempeira é Diversidade" We are Tempeira, Tempeira is Diversity
Anthem: A Canção dos Pássaros Sagrados
Capital	Mar Agosto ;Tiléia (8.1 million)
Largest city	Tiléia (10.1 million)
Official languages	Tempeiran Florescentian, Tempeiran Sign Language, Caleuchean, Guarinán
Government
• President	Yolandá Marka
• Vice President	Pedro Atalaia
Legislature	Tempeiran Bicameral Legislature
• Upper house	Chamber of Senators
• Lower house	Chamber of Deputies
Population
• Estimate (2020)	82,009,349
• Census (2017)	81,630,000
• Density	138,29/km2 358,04/sq mi
Currency	Acol, symbol A¨
Drives on the	right

Etymology

During the First Republican Revolt of 1750, citizens of Maer A'gosto (now Mar Agosto) dumped tons of spices into the water as a form of rebellion. During these acts, poet Pascal de Tubarões wrote to the Florescentian Metropolis: "They are screaming like rabid animals, and acting like them to! One particular phrase that has been uttered a lot is 'Season the Sea' (Tempeira o Mar, in florescentian)."

This phrase became a symbol or revolt, during the Independence War, the Confederation of the Free Nations used Tempeira O Mar as their official name, in form of rebellion. When the Republic was established, multiple ex-nations and factions now stood in a fragile union, the decision was to use the word Tempeira as a symbol of union and resisence that would be neutral, hence the name of the nation.

Other names given to regions or the entire region during its existence where:

• Ká - Caleuchean Kingdom
• Caguimbói - Guarinán Kingdom
• Nossa Terra Sagrada de Nova Florescenta - Florescentan Kingdom
• Neue Erlösung - New Kalmish Confederation
• Terrossa - United Colonies
• Afluentes - Florescentan Kingdom
• Maer Flor - Epucaleuche Republic
• Tempeira - Tempeira

History

Ancient History

Paleolithic

The archeological evidence provided by researches at the Royal University of Corico show that prior to the Middle Paleolithic, there is no sign of hominin habitation, neither homo sapiens or other homo species seemed to live here. The Middle Paleolithic was marked in he region by a low density of sites, most probably caused by the lack of cave systems which would have made sheltering harder, most acheological sites from that ime concentrate in the Vodean border regions. Around 40,000 BP, the first signs of human habitation are found in the Guixma Paleolithic Area in the Tempeiran Central Sitian Valley, making the beginning of a long string on influxes to the valley. Their lifes were nomadic, and their diet consisted in animals found in the plains of the region, however, due to a lack of caves and coverage of vegetation during the era, caused by a colder climate, their non-permanent habitations were more similar to the ones found the in the nothern and southern polar and subpolar regions. There is evidence of controled fires by the nomadic people in the Guixma Valley whenever they would leave their old place of habitation, the reasons are still unclear.

The coastal plains were also inhabited, however, more sparcly, the sandy, wind blown terrains of the time were hard to live in, and the few valleys between the rugged coast made for an uninviting location. Though areas that would later become deserts around the world, including northern Tarephia, had seen incredible wet periods during the time, Tempeira was marked by, savannah like biomes with the occasional tropical forest.

During this time there have been identified four distinct cultures, the Early Sitian Culture (ESC), Lower Helena Culture (LHC), Cajueiros Culture (CC) and the Sanguicol Culture (SC).

Last Glacial Maximum

During the Last Glacial Age, the continental shelf in Tempeira exposed the shallow seas between the modern coast and the island chains located close to it, it was during this time, the Archipelagania Cultura came to existence, a offspring of the Lower Helena Culture that moved to places like Barzona and Teotiyolcan. The climate was dry, however, i was wetter than the period before, allowing for an expansion of the Tropical forests in the region.

During that time, there was a heavy habitation of whats now the coast of Valaga-Barzona, since there was a huge delta that combined the waters of the Sitian, Bujon and Yoltinemiliziatoya rivers, which was a perfect habitat for a plethera of bird, fish and small mammal species. Most archeological evidence has been lost due to the flooding of the region, however, many of these cultures would later on divided themselves across the sea, the shared proto-languagues and genetics are able to prove that once, they had shared a common land.

Mesolithic

During this period at the end of the last glacial period, the region would have gone through different types of change, while the Sitian Valley gorged itself with the start of agriculture, the Cajueiros region suffered through a process of drying and the change for a steppe biome. The coastal regions would have suffered the most alterations, with plenty of their habitable lands being reclaimed by the sea.

Coastal Mesolithic Tempeira saw the extintion of the Lower Helena Culture, that based mostly on the consuption of shellfish and cruteceans, while the Sanguicol Culture migrated south and diverged. The wetter conditions made for a new tropical forest biome to flourish, while this was good for the diet diversity for the multiple cultures formed, the loss of open space and a new enviroment for diseases stopped the development of permanent settlements during the period. The LHC disapeared, although genetic evidence shows they are the progenitors of the Talepian People. While the SC separated to become the New Sanguicol Culture, the Tantantan Culture, the Guyval Mound Culture and the Catamia Culture. The Cajueiros Culture was extint after the steppefication of the Cajueiros Region. The new Border Vodeo Culture was a small sparce group that left the caves of the region, however, did not advance to agriculture.

Neolithic

The Neolithic brought the sendentarism of most of the Sitian Cultures around 10,000 BP and the Coastal Region in 9,500-9,000 BP. The creation of settlements created a better ground for trading routes and innovation, the commoners life was more secure, with cities in certain regions with walls and mudbrick houses. The Sitian Valley at that point separated in 3 cultures: The Early Craton Mound Culture, Upper Sitian Culture and Tropical Sitian Culture. The Sitian Cultures dominated the fertile Sitian and Che River Valleys during the Neolithic.

The Costal Cultures with their small canoes started to specialize in fishing on the many lagoons dotting the coast, with inland costal cultures migrating during monsoons to the coast to avoid chronic flash floods and mudslides. During that time, semi-permanent settlements formed on the verge of trading roads, with the most important being Early Guyval, Tataramen, Aqátia, Judialz and Trapiches.

Bronze Age

The Neolithic period was marked in Tempeira by permanent or semi-permanent settlements that would shift locations during decades (this does not include the Craton site and the Minerva Site), the end of Neolitic in Tempeira is marked by the Craton Stone found in the Carotaba region, a inscripted stone with the description of the location of Craton with a small map of the region, dated to 6,500 BP.

The Craton Site is a anomaly on the Bronze Age record, while the entire Sitian Valley started urbanizing and the Early Craton Mound Culture ended, Craton kept a mound tradition on the floodplains of the Paranumbu Lake, the Craton Site has been the longest inhabited settlement on the region, with periods of abandoment followed by new inhabitants, which puzzles archeologists on what was the reason for the repeated re-settlement of the site without the apparent alteration of the Mounds.

The Bronze Age brought forth the Sitian Kingdoms, the Polyval Kingdoms and the Thra Lei Empire. During that time the jungles and steppes of the north and east pushed focus and activity to the Sitian River Delta and the coast line. The expansion through trading routes gave Sitian states great power in the region, even founding two known colonies in the Cajueiros Region Pos-Oti and Tav'a (modern day Possoró and Porto Seco), the Paranumbu Lake became a hotspot for trade. The Lake was bigger at the time, encompassing the entire lake and marshland system of the area.. The first city found on the region was Aprto in the region of the modern Apa Massa lake's northern shores. Development was slow an around three different interactions of sitian written languague came to pass between 6,400 - 4,700 BP. Around 4,500 BP the Sitian Empire was formed under the rule of the Cratón Dinasty, though the capital was oficially Ugo, Cratón was considered the religious center and a simbolical origin point for the Sitian population.

Sitians seem to have loose relations to north tarephian genetic groups of the Neolithic, however, there is also a mixture of other genetic groups that have yet to be identified, suggesting that Sitians migrated south during the early Neolithic and replaced indigenous tempeiran populations, the Sitian Geneic Group would dominated the upper lyc region until the arrival of the Archantan Sea People.

The Sitian Empire was the main power of the Lyc during the period, followed by the Budranian Dinasty in he southern Lyc, Sitians have been known to have communicated with Athya, evidence being found in the Garí Letters showed a extensive trading route from Sitia, north to Athya and east to the Vodean Coast. The letters mention the city of Athya by an emmisery of the Tulig Dinasty of Sitia in Athya, with no explanation of why an emissery was located there, though it is believed the emissey was fluent in both Old Sitian and Athyan.

"The gifts from Agu have been well received by ------------------------- (this par of the letter was been lost) ------------------------, on the contrary Athya seems to prosper on the weather, I would request a brief return to my homeland at The (Sitian) River, to participate in the festivals this moon cycle, however, Athya is too far for my arrival in time, I will however use their river to prestige my Goddes Týg*, may her guidance take my offerings to the infinite blue."

The Sitian Empire lasted from around 4,500 BP to 2.900 BP, in it's height, it ruled over all of the Sitian River and major tributaries. The Paanumbu Lake (Ilopé Lake at the time) was the mos important asset of the empire, he navigability of the Sitian up to the lake allowed for direct trade of inner region with the coast with no need for treversing the Ralia Mountains.

Bronze Age Collapse

The Bronze age collapse was a extensive process of the de-urbinization of early civilizaions and loss of technology and knowledge due to the collapse of organized society, historians argue in what might have been the main reasons to the collapse but with no consensus, the mos accepted reasons are:

• Overpopulation pressure collapsing system of government and economy;
• Lack of knowlegde of erosion and climate change due to agriculture causing a collapse on the food chain supply;
• A natural period of warming climate post glacial age enlarging the reaches of deserts around the world and lowering water supplies in certain regions;
• Oversupply of Ironwoks that collapsed the economy;
• Changes in battle tactics that led to bigger scales in destructions;
• Mass Migration related to climate.

In Sitia the main reason for the collapse of the Old Sitian Empire was the over use of canals to better facilitate the transportaion of goods out of the Ilopé Lake. The Lake at the time had been recorded to have slowly been building up silt in its southwestern shores for at least 300 years. As a result, many cities, like Luki, Ugo, Muó and other had already been forced to build channels that connected their old ports to the lake, and build new ports as the shorelines recceded, however, the process was slow, and the siltification process did balance itself by eroding other parts of the lake. During the Late Sal Dinasty, Queen Lugá ordered the opening of a small canal that would cut through a small collection of dirt hills east of the Sitian River'soutflow from the lake to shorten distances for trade, however, this process would caputre water for the river, rapidly accelerating the siltification process, measurements show a drop of almost a meter in the depth of the river right after the outflow. The outflow eventually closed up, the small canal had no ability to carry that much water, and during the monsoon seasons the lake levels were raised almost 4 meters above their historical marks, this forced a new outflow north of the canal, however, this, added with the flood, eroded the new channel enough to be able to find a almost 50km quicker route to the ocean. Lake levels quickly dropped 8 meters and most of the lake was emptied out, this caused the separation of the lake into two, which took the river 2 years to reconnect both, and during this period the lower Sitian ran dry. The Ilopé emptying caused the creation of two marshlands and the division of the lake into 7 different lakes, it also caused the collapse of the Old Sitian Empire in 2.900 BP.

Caleuche Empire and Ceuci-Quaraí

The Calueche became incredible sailers, trading throughout the Lyc. While Guarinan traded north, even trading with Ta Seti, Guarian called Ta Seti Tasetaquaraí, in connection with their sun worshipped, while Ta Seti texts called Guarinan "Karay/Katay", this would in the future reached Ulethan powers that would fable a place called "Katamy/Catami" or Catamia, a kingdom/city of gold, which was in fact true, however, for the lack of context of the corrupion of the original name, Quarai was not identified as the Golden Power that had been searched.

Rivagiens

Rivagiens arrives around 1240 in Caleuche territory, Tantantan receives the new visitors with suspictions and the appointed king, Mache III, offers the colonizers a small piece of land on an island east of the city, becoming the Colony of Tropical Waters, however, this was the only outpost Rivagiens had on the Empire's border, and through is existence it was the only place were Caleuche and Franquese traded, in 1260, Emperor Nichatón decreted that the franquese colonizers should have limits of how much presence they could hold inside of the empire. The outpost, was mostly abandoned after Rivagiens cessed to exist, and was for a time, totally abandoned after the Blessed Floods of 1300. Tropical Waters population that was left joined the Caleuche population in Tantantan.

The biggest outpost in the Tempeiran Coast was Montblanc, in the modern city of Port Catamia. It used the island as an strategic point for invasions on the upper Lyc, but after the fall of Rivagien rule, Montblanc was absorved by the Talepo city states.

The Franquese influence on the tempeiran coast was small, with a few outpost that were constantly attacked by the Caleuche Pirates, disease also ran rampant in the few colonies that franquese culture had on the coast. .

Florescentian Arrival

Florescenta, wanting to expand its territory, aimed to carve out small pieces of land through out the tarephian region. In 1350, Florescenta lands on Estreito, close to Port Catamia, founding the Nossa Terra Sagrada de Nova Florescenta (Ingerish - Our Sacred Land of New Florescenta) on the backwater regions of south Tempeira). 50 years before, the Blessed Floods broke multiple sand dunes that served as natural levees, this caused for the growth of the Capivaras Lake, when Florescentians arrived at the lake's borders, they'd assumed there were no inhabitants, however, the Araguan/Talepo people had lived there for hundreds of years, but had moved because of the recent floods.

Florescenta soon founded the town of Atalaia dos Fortes, in between the small Mata Lake and the Capivara Lake, it was easier to access the mainland and it had a good natural harbour. However, the marshy, loose soil would soon be eroded away in a cyclone, called The Storm of Saint Rita, most of the city was flooded and sank bellow sea level, Florescentia almost gave up on colonization efforts, however, the cyclone had opened more channels to acess the mainland from the Catamia Island Group, making authorities move the colonies to the harbours of Estreito and Catamia.

During the next 50 to 70 years, the Florescenians move up the coast founding cities, until they stumble upon the Bay of Fire, currenly Mar Agosto. There they found Vila Maria Antunes in 1400, its destroyed in 1410 by Caleuche Pirates, that lived mostly around the bay area, Florescenta invades the pirate islands and subjugates them for the time being, however this attack infuriates the Caleuche Emperor, that used the pirates as a means to control he lower Tempeiran Coast trade. Maer A'gosto is founded in 1422 in the ruins of Maria Antunes.

The Colonial Wars

In 1470 the multiple colonies under Tempeira are joined into the New Florescenta Colony, that claims much of he coast of Tempeira, this cause the ulethan troops to move up to the Caleuche border. This was the final straw for the Caleuche, who declared war against Florescenta in 1478. During this brief war, the franquese minority inside of Tantantan revolted, and helped ulethan forces to capture the city and surrounding regions in 1480, for a brief period of time, between 1480-1495, Caleuche and Florescentians would have small battles along he new border, but in 1495, the Machacol Treaty is signed, allowing bigger trading between the two and acess inside cities. This would mark the end of the 1st Colonial War.

New Kalmish Confederation and United Colonies

The New Kalmish Confederation (in Kalmish, Neukalmischer Bund), was formed by florescentian order to push for colonization of caleuche lands, using Kalmish populations o help he efforts. In 1515, the first group of Kalmish settlers come, between 1515 and 1560, around 40,000 Kalmish settlers moved to Caleuche, specially around the region around the Royal Capital, this raised tensions between Caleuche and Florescenta. Caleuche sent representatives in 1570 to Porto Real in Florescenta, however, no solution was found.

In 1590 the first Plevian settlers come to the southern reaches of the old Caleuche Empire, settling on a ancient pilgramage island, this infuriated the Caleuche population, that felt betrayed after Plevians cut acess to the island and close mainland. This caused much criticism inside Florescentian Tempeira, the local authority ordered Plevians to allow for entrance to the island and to half of Kalmish colonizers to move inland.

In 1695 both are defeated, since both Florescenta and Caleuche fought them. Most settlers flee south.

Epucaleuche Republic

In 1709 a cholera outbreak in the Ceuci-Quaraí weakens their borders, now under threat by florescentian mercenaries. A weakened Caleuche from the war against Terrossa and the Bund proposes a unification of both nations, using the old neutral grounds as the new ground for a capital. Aristocracy pushes for larger voting rights for citizens, to better separate them from colonizers.

Tiléia is founded in 1720 and the Epucaleuche Republic is formed. With two elected kings and one huge senate being elected into power every 10 years.

This Republic would continue to exist officialy until 1770, when it was annexed by New Florescenta as a double protactorate.

Republican Dreams

The now gone Epucaleuche Republic brings on dreams of a republic being formed. In 1789 Salvador Quaraí, a politician pro-republic and independence is killed in a public square by florescentian guards.

Union Revolts

The murder causes revolts across all colony cities. In 1791 port workes throw spices into the sea in Maer A'gosto, republicans declare the Justine Republic. In 1792 the revolts are surpressed.

Slave Revolts and Cajueiro

The black population held slave revolts in 1791, multiple communities start fleeing inland. In 1796 troops are sent to eliminate the "threath", pushing communities to the Vodean border, a region not controlled at the time by Florescenta. Cajueiro is founded in 1799.

Exiled Nobles and the New Monarchy

A group of nobles is exiled in 1795 from florescenta, they land on now colony of Afluentes in 1796. This group, backed by monarquists establishes a monarchy that would rival against the indigenous ones.

The Unions

In 1800 Florescenta decides to unify every colony in the colony of afluentes. The smaller governments are gone and Maer becomes the capital of the colony.

A Nation starts to be born

In 1809 republicans use this unification to declare independence, on the city of Tiléia. Indigenous forces join, together with Cajueiros. In 1811 they win the Battle of Novo Cratón.

Independence and Federalism

Florescenta fails to defend its colony, and in 1819, Tempeira becomes independent. The many culturally diverse regions forced the new goverment to allow for more independent for states to be formed. The Tempeiran Federalist Democracy annexes Cajueiros the same year it gets independence.

The final form of Tempeira is made in 1860, when the state of Arasí is separated from Quaraí.

The Militarism Fail

In 1934 the military believes that the economic downfall of tempeira is to be blamed for the rights given to the population, who has becomed to spoiled. The high council decided to overthrow the government. In 1937 they invade Mar Agosto, however, the lower ranks of the military revolt and take control over the coup, stopping it.

The Social Wave

The failed coup pushes the population more to the left. The first socialist president is elected during this time.

Modern Days

Dealing with inequality

Major Cities

Mar Agosto

Carotaba

Tiléia

Ceuci

Porto Catâmia