Difference between revisions of "Sierra"
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Revision as of 04:20, 9 November 2019
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State of Sierra Sierra Estado de Sierra | |||||
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Motto: "Totum Mundi" A Whole New World | |||||
Anthem: Mi Sierra Bonita | |||||
Constituent state of | |||||
Capital | Elvira | ||||
Official languages | none | ||||
Demonym | Sierran | ||||
Government | Parliamentary Republic | ||||
• Governor | Maggie Woods | ||||
• Lieutenant Governor | Jonathan Torres | ||||
Legislature | State Assembly | ||||
• Upper house | State Senata | ||||
• Lower house | State House | ||||
Area | |||||
• Total | 136,088.42 km2 52,544.03 sq mi |
The State of Sierra (Castellanese: Estado de Sierra) is a state is the western Federal States. It is one of the largest states in terms of area, but more sparsely populated. The state is known for its landscape consisting of the Sierras, wide, open high plains and plateaus, desert areas and rivers. It borders Tauhon in the west, Clamash to the south, Riopoderos to the southeast, AR120-72 to the east, AR120-74 to the north and AR120-73 to the northeast.
Sierra was first settled around the year 800, had vibrant Native Archantan cultures, settlements and even some cities by 1000-1200. Sierra was explored by the Castellanese from around 1530, though primarily from 1650 onward. The first settlements sprang up around the rivers, primarily in the west. Sierra became a possession of the FSA in 1841 and a territory in 1858. Statehood was achieved in April 1872.
The capital of Sierra is Elvira, though the largest city is Dennison.
Contents
History
Early history
The territory of present-day Sierra was inhabited by a variety of different native Archantan tribes. In the northwest the western culture tribes of the Asuma, Yahomas, Undaia and Zusi (related to Tejoma and Cosperican tribes) were found, and they were known for working with and making impressive clay potterywork, adobe houses and settlements and fairly colorful art and permanent structures. In the center the Sa'kuas (Saguas), Whitehead and Planos were found, and they were known for some farming, and adept hunter-gatherers. Around 1650 war broke out between the Sa'kuas and Planos, and the first confirmed encounter between Castellanese and the Sierran tribes is recorded (Castellanese may have explored the northwest as early as 1530).
In the north and east the Timona, Kwiskona, Kaitenas and Yunica were the most prominent tribes.
Castellanese period
Castellanese settlement became permanent in the 1780s, with the founding of Fortín de la Sierra near modern-day Folsom; this was a small wooden fortress with several families building houses in the area. Various settlements were founded and often abandoned due to raids by indigenous warriors, but portions of the state were in continuous Castellanese control by then.
Construction of Fortín de Lola around 1820 gave the Castellanese control over the *Colurona* river in the area, and by the 1830s had settlements in the east of the state, as far as San Daniel in the late 1830s.
Early settlement
Overland caravans of settlers began arriving to Sierra in the late 1840s and through the 1850s.
Sierra Territory
The Sierra Territory was proclaimed in January 1858; the small mining town of Colurona was named temporary capital prior to the confirmation of Lola as capital that year. The growth of Elvira and particularly Dennison threatened Lola's position as the most important city, and in 1864 Dennison's businessmen proclaimed it the capital. Assemblymen from Colurona, Montillo and Dillon supported the Lola government and helped form a militia, and those in Chapman, Elvira, Hernandez and elsewhere backed the Dennison government. Fighting between rival militias broke out in April 1864 and ended in 1866, a period called the Sierran Civil War.
The only major pitched battle was fought north of Fountainhead in June 1864, which proved a victory for Lola's militias, but they were unable to advance any further due to the weather. Most of the fighting was in turn small skirmishes and raids, but after 1865 fighting was much reduced. 2000 federal troops were moved to Fort Lola (now Fort Nickerson) and helped prevent significant fighting, but some raids persisted until 1866. The Congress in Huntington eventually named Dennison capital in 1866.
Statehood
The first moves for statehood were in 1868 with the first constitutional convention. While a constitution was drawn up, the issue was derailed on the selection of a capital. Elvira also began to position itself as an alternative for a capital, especially due to its central location between Lola and Dennison. With the construction of a railroad from to connect the state with Tauhon in the west and the rest of the country, all three cities hoped for either the railway passage or the capital. Elvira's businessmen and politicians were eventually the most adept, and with rumors of much bribing vitally ensured that the railway would pass through it in 1869. By early 1870 offices of the Great Western and Asperic company were built in Elvira, and construction of the railway reached the city in late 1870.
The selection of Elvira as capital in 1871 paved the way for statehood, achieved 1 April 1872. In 1873, women were allowed the right to vote after a law passed in the state legislature. Large deposits of silver and gold were discovered in the center-west in 1874, leading to a huge influx of prospectors and their families, though many would leave as the easy gold was mostly gone around 1879. Many small towns sprung up, thrived and then declined with the gold, and later silver and other mining.
Government and politics
Sierra has a government similar to that of the FSA. It is headed by an elected Governor, supported by a Lieutenant Governor. The governor appoints other members to government, such as the secretary of state, attorney general and treasurer. The current governor is Maggie Woods, of the [right-wing party] elected in 2017 to a second term.
Sierra has been a key swing state in Federal States politics since the early 1940s, and is often known as the "flip-flop state". The state has often gone from left-wing to right-wing governments in succession, and is known for election patterns that buck the general nationwide trend. The east, south and northeast is often considered to be a more conservative voting region in the state, while the center and west are more left-leaning. The major cities are more left-leaning, though Lola has been more right-leaning than all the others.
Healthcare
Uniquely within the Federal States, Sierra has a publicly subsidized health system; employers, employees and the state government contribute to a public health insurance, and state residents are able to augment it with private insurance as well.
Environment
The State Wildlife Department was set up in the 1930s and oversees the management and protection of a variety of state parks, forests, preserves, sanctuaries and wilderness areas. The natural areas overseen by the state include Northern Peaks Wildlife Preserve, Santa Elena Forest, Telles State Forest, Meseta State Preserve, Kaitenas Forest, Tumona and Elgin Forest, Vilchez Peak Protected Area, Fulton State Park, Fielding State Forest, South Winston Wilderness Area, Fronteras State Forest and San Felipe River Basin Nature Reserve.
Education
Sierra has three main universities, the University of Sierra (main campus in Dennison and second in Lola), State University of Sierra in Elvira and University of Dennison.
Culture
Media
Print media has existed since the mid-18th century. The Dennison Observer is the best-known and most-read newspaper in Sierra (and from the state nationally).
Television in the state has been present since the middle of the 20th century. Free Television (Free Television Sierra) is a popular Sierran station, a public television non-profit channel partly funded by the state. National broadcasters have local stations in the state as well.
Music
One of the most famous early Sierran music stars was Jack Mitchell (1923-1961). He became a famous country and western star, not just in the state but also nationally before his death in a car accident. Another popular singer in this period was the folk artist Mary Rivas; she recorded most of her hits at the famous Modern Sounds Studio in redonda and was part of the 1960s folk revival in the west.
Food and drink
Sierra is known for having a variety of small and medium breweries. Montana, brewed in San Daniel since 1886, is one of the most popular brands nationally.
Sports
A variety of sports teams are present in the state of Sierra, both amateur and professional. The University of Dennison's sports teams are known as the Lions, the University of Sierra (Lola) teams are known as the Rangers and the University of Sierra Dennison's teams are known as the Hawks. All universities are competitive in Archantan football, soccer (football), (ice) hockey and baseball among other sports. The USL Rangers team has the oldest history of Archantan football in the state, with their team known to have played a version with a round ball as early as 1876.
Professional sports teams include the Dennison Sierrans (baseball), the Dennison Bombers (basketball) and Dennison Wranglers (Ar. football). The Bombers basketball team is the one with the oldest history, founded in 1955 and entering the Archantan national league in 1961. The Wranglers have been present in Sierra since 1975 when a franchise was moved to Dennison, and the Sierrans franchise was awarded to the state in 1984.
Political divisions
The state is divided into 22 counties. Estancia County is the largest in terms of area, and the City-County of Dennison is the smallest and most populous. Sierra is unofficially divided into five regions: West, Central, East, North and South.
County | County Seat | Area in km² | Area in miles | Population | Pop. Density in km² | Established |
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Andaguani | Andaguani City | 10108.03 | 3092.73 | 29,400 | 2.91 | 1910 |
Asuma | 2579.9 | 996.11 | 6,100 | 2.36 | 1906 | |
Braxton | Lola | 1827.49 | 705.6 | 288,450 | 157.84 | 1850 |
Brenton | Montillo | 12997.09 | 5018.2 | 77,900 | 5.99 | 1877 |
Colurona | Colurona | 3538.91 | 1366.38 | 52,104 | 14.72 | 1870 |
Cusatia | 8443.58 | 3260.08 | 38,100 | 4.51 | 1872 | |
Dennison | Dennison | 97.82 | 37.77 | 672,500 | 6874.87 | 1890 |
Dillon | Dillon | 6233.63 | 2406.82 | 56,225 | 9.02 | 1899 |
Elgin | Vilsack | 12522.96 | 4835.14 | 63,200 | 5.05 | 1913 |
Estancia | La Rue | 21375.53 | 8253.14 | 41,200 | 1.93 | 1921 |
Gerrard | Everson | 10725.94 | 4141.31 | 66,885 | 6.24 | 1886 |
Los Valles | Timona | 2608.68 | 1007.22 | 51,200 | 19.63 | 1976 |
Meseta | Elvira | 5975.67 | 2307.22 | 429,600 | 71.89 | 1854 |
Pinault | Chapman | 5272.2 | 2035.61 | 144,500 | 27.41 | 1865 |
Pink | Hernandez | 599.9 | 231.62 | 46,800 | 78.01 | 1875 |
Saguas | Canon City | 2018.09 | 779.19 | 9,250 | 4.58 | 1904 |
Sanchez | Caldwell | 5503.97 | 2125.1 | 3,200 | 0.58 | 1881 |
Santa Cruz | 2490.37 | 961.54 | 19,400 | 7.79 | 1911 | |
Serrano | Unita | 5504.29 | 2125.22 | 922,115 | 167.53 | 1857 |
Wilfried | Barclay | 1805.69 | 697.18 | 413,220 | 228.84 | 1871 |
Yahomas | Billard | 4247.8 | 1640.08 | 206,000 | 48.5 | 1869 |
Zusi | Burris | 9424.37 | 3638.77 | 66,250 | 7.03 | 1872 |
Geography
Mountains
Most are mountains, a few are mesas or buttes (flat-topped). Mount Esguerra is the talles in the state at 4501 m. Estancia county has the most mountains of any county, and Zusi County has the two tallest.
Name | County | Height (m.) | Map |
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Asabia Peak | Estancia County | 3001 | map |
Black Rock | Yahomas County | 2695 | map |
Blythe's Peak | Estancia County | 3456 | map |
Calvin Peak | Cusatia County | 1969 | map |
Colorado Peak | Estancia County | 2372 | map |
Coyanha Rock | Yahomas County | 2727 | map |
Currant's Peak | Serrano County | 3064 | map |
Dominguez Peak | Estancia County | 3723 | map |
Flat Butte | Estancia County | 2412 | map |
Gardiner's Peak | Estancia County | 2641 | map |
Genevieve Peak | Asuma County | 2068 | map |
Henderson Peak | Meseta County | 2001 | map |
Hernandez Peak | Cusatia County | 4009 | map |
Joshua Peak | Estancia County | 3347 | map |
Junasias Peak | Cusatia County | 4378 | map |
Mesa Luis | Zusi County | 3987 | map |
Meseta Chica | Serrano County | 3148 | map |
Meseta Grande | Serrano County | 3112 | map |
Monte Cristo | Cusatia County | 3872 | map |
Monte Guerrero | Estancia County | 3996 | map |
Mount Clinton | Cusatia County | 4198 | map |
Mount Elgin | Elgin County | 3808 | map |
Mount Eloise | Zusi County | 4006 | map |
Mount Esguerra | Zusi County | 4501 | map |
Mount Geraldine | Cusatia County | 2244 | map |
Mount Gordon | Zusi County | 1915 | map |
Mount Gustavia | Asuma County | 1799 | map |
Mount Helena | Zusi County | 4468 | map |
Mount Helles | Elgin County | 2102 | map |
Mount Oswaldo | Serrano County | 1886 | map |
Mount Salazar | Estancia County | 4150 | map |
Mount Serpentine | Zusi County | 3012 | map |
Mount Vera | Cusatia County | 3667 | map |
Mount Vilsack | Elgin County | 2016 | map |
Norbert Rock | Elgin County | 1625 | map |
Pico Grande | Estancia County | 4316 | map |
Roca Grande | Cusatia County | 3812 | map |
Rocky Mount | Yahomas County | 2071 | map |
Saguas Butte | Saguas County | 1668 | map |
Sebita Peak | Yahomas County | 2214 | map |
Spearmint Butte | Serrano County | 955 | map |
Truchas Peak | Estancia County | 3855 | map |
Tumona Peak | Estancia County | 3308 | map |
Undaia Peak | Asuma County | 3100 | map |
Vilchez Peak | Estancia County | 2874 | map |
Yunica Peak | Estancia County | 2265 | map |
Economy
Sierra has a diversified economy
Transportation
Motorways in Sierra
See: Highways in Sierra
There are 3 types of major highways in Sierra, FS-routes, state routes and instrastates. National routes are all dual carriageway separated highways, of which four are present in the state. State routes are primary roads managed by the state, and intrastate are secondary state routes. The counties each have their own network of county roads or routes as well.
F.S. highway sign
Intrastate route sign
County road sign
Railways
The first state railway was built in 1859, connecting Lola with Elvira, and in 1861 with Dennison. The development of the intercontinental railway was an important moment in early Sierran history. The Great Western and Asperic connected Jundah in the west with Elvira and then onto Apricity.
Vehicle registration plates
License plates were first required in 1910, but were issued by Dennison County and not by the state. Statewide plate issuance occurred only in 1917.
The standard-issue plates in Sierra feature a landscape with pine trees and a sunset. This design was issued with flat letters and numbers (from 2009 to 2017) and with embossed registration number from 2018. Special plates are issued by the state. The most common ones include a gold on blue design with the motto "The Historic West", for vintage automobiles (reissue of 1966-1971 design), and a reissue of a late 1980s design with the motto "Protect Our Wildlife", for which a percentage of sales goes to nature conservation. Veteran, University and sports-related plates are also issued.
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