https://wiki.opengeofiction.net/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=Izaland+Terramorphing+Committee&feedformat=atomOpenGeofiction - User contributions [en]2024-03-28T18:48:03ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.35.0https://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=User:Izaland_Terramorphing_Committee/Sandbox/Izaki_Language&diff=23067User:Izaland Terramorphing Committee/Sandbox/Izaki Language2024-03-24T00:48:04Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: /* Consonants */</p>
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<div>{{Infobox lang<br />
| name = Izaki<br />
| native_name = 華邦語<br />
| pronunciation = izakigo<br />
| official = [[Izaland]]<br />
| other-regions = South-Eastern Uletha<br />
| speakers = 132 million<br />
| agency = Izaland National Academy for the Izaki Language</br>國立華邦語管理學會<br />
| sign = <br />
| dialects = Warohan, Juhuku`<br />
| family = isolate<br />
| writing_system = byakuji (百字) and askaoza (𖬮ᒢ𖬭'ᐤ𖬖𖬰)<br />
| script = byakuji (百字) and askaoza (𖬮ᒢ𖬭'ᐤ𖬖𖬰)<br />
| tonal = No<br />
| alignment =<br />
| word-order = SOV<br />
| modifiers = <br />
| noun-cases = yes<br />
| noun-gender = no<br />
| noun-number = yes<br />
| verb-aspect = yes<br />
| verb-mood = yes<br />
| verb-number = yes<br />
| verb-person = yes<br />
| verb-tense = yes<br />
| verb-voice = yes<br />
| adj-cases = no<br />
| adj-gender = no<br />
| adj-number = yes<br />
}}<br />
A brief manual of Izaki language, the conlang under development for Izaland. <br />
<br />
Basically it is a language isolate, however many elements are inspired by Japanese, Korean and Finnish Languages.<br />
<br />
= Phonology - 音声学 =<br />
<br />
== Sounds ==<br />
Izaki language has an average number of consonant sounds, and a limited number of vocalic sounds, making it a pretty easy to pronounce language. <br />
<br />
=== Vowels ===<br />
Izaki has 5 vowels and 2 semivowels. The 5 vowels can have a short or a long sound:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|<br />
|Back<br />
|Front<br />
|-<br />
|Close<br />
|/i/<br />
|/u/<br />
|-<br />
|Mid<br />
|/e/<br />
|/o/<br />
|-<br />
|Open<br />
|<br />
|/a/<br />
|}<br />
The semivowels are /w/ and /j/, and always occur before a vowel. The only exception is the /wjV/ composition, where V is a vowel (mostly /a/), like in the compound /wja/ (業).<br />
<br />
=== Consonants ===<br />
Izaki has 22 consonants, as per the following phonetic chart.<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''↓ Manner/Place →'''<br />
|'''Bilabial'''<br />
|'''Labiodental'''<br />
|'''Alveolar'''<br />
|'''Palato-alveolar'''<br />
|'''Palatal'''<br />
|'''Velar'''<br />
|'''Glottal'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Nasal'''<br />
|m<br />
|<br />
|n<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|'''Stop'''<br />
|p b<br />
|<br />
|t d<br />
|<br />
|c<br />
|k ɡ<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|'''Affricate'''<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|ʦ ʣ<br />
|ʧ ʤ<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|'''Fricative'''<br />
|<br />
|f ʋ<br />
|s z<br />
|ʃ ʒ<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|h<br />
|-<br />
|'''Approximant'''<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|j<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|'''Trill'''<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|ɾ<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|'''Lateral approximant'''<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|l<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Syllabes ==<br />
The Izaki phonology is strictly syllable based, and the structure we are going to explain followingly is so strict that also foreign loan words must be adapted to it. <br />
<br />
To better explain the syllable composition, we will divide the different sounds into three categories:<br />
<br />
'''V''': the 5 vowels, short or long (''a, e, i, o, u, ā, ē, ī, ō, ū'')<br />
<br />
'''C''': the 22 consonants (''p, b, k, g, t, d, ch, j, s, z, ts, ð, sh, zh, m, n, l, r, h, f, v'')<br />
<br />
'''F''': the syllable-final consonants (''n, l, s, r, h*, kk**'') - only these consonants can appear after a vowel in a syllable, or at the end of a word. However, no words end by -h.<br />
<br />
<br />
<nowiki>*</nowiki>h: it can be found in the final position of a syllable structure, and appears between a vowel and another consonant. The following consonant will be not voiced<br />
<br />
Example words: ''dahkei'' (cliff), ''zhohtan'' (side), ''nihki'' (coast), ''rihmi'' (county), ''nehkeu'' (too much)<br />
<br />
<nowiki>**</nowiki>kk: the geminated /k/ is a feature of the south-west dialect, and in current Izaki language only appears in the name of the city of ''Kikknās'' (Itakiri Prefecture).<br />
<br />
A basic syllable can be one of the following kinds:<br />
<br />
* '''V''' any vowel, short or long<br />
* '''CV''' any consonant*, any vowel<br />
* '''CVF'''<br />
<br />
Only non sonorant consonants (''k, t, p, s, ts, sh, ch'') and n, l, r can be strong (doubled). <br />
<br />
Example words: ''kaida'' (sword), ''miwa'' (water), ''rekki'' (pen), ''noppo'' (spoon), ''keilo'' (route), ''shihkama'' (whale), ''kamitsas'' (everywhere), ''estinden'' (always), ''jīssu'' (to press), ''yokoku'' (notice), ''jāshiki'' (common sense), ''gūnyū'' (milk), ''hākei'' (total), ''keskwa'' (result), ''wingyōn'' (bank), ''inshēs'' (printing)...<br />
<br />
== Writing System ==<br />
Izaki language writing system is one of the most articulated writing systems, making use of the '''Bai characters''' and an original composed alphabet called '''askaoza''' (邦記, or 𖬒ᒢ𖬭ᣟᐤ𖬖𖬰).<br />
<br />
The Bai characters and the ''askaoza'' are not alternative writing systems, but each of them has a definite role. Basically, Bai characters are used to show the semantical meaning of nouns, verb roots, adjectives etc., while askaoza complements them, allowing variable parts of the speech to be declined or conjugated accordingly. This works basically as in Japanese with ''kanji'' and ''kana''.<br />
<br />
In the first section of our language manual we are going to learn the basics of the ''askaoza''.<br />
<br />
Main features of the ''askaoza'' writing system:<br />
<br />
# One letter corresponds to one sound<br />
# All the letter are by default adjoined with the sound “/a/”. No words in Izaki can start with a double consonant, while certain consonants can follow another one, but their representation is different (see later)<br />
# The other vocalic sounds except for “a” are rendered with a diacritic symbol, on the left or on the right of the consonant. <br />
# Single vowels are shown by a “placeholder” symbol, with the value of /a/ if no other vowel diacritic is present. <br />
# The main letters are unvoiced sounds. The corresponding voiced sounds are marked by a dot on the top. <br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Roman alp.'''<br />
|'''Character'''<br />
|'''IPA'''<br />
|'''Roman alp.'''<br />
|'''Character'''<br />
|'''IPA'''<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="3" |清音 (seion) - unvoiced<br />
| colspan="3" |濁音 (takuon) - voiced<br />
|-<br />
|'''K'''<br />
|𖬭<br />
|/k/<br />
|'''G'''<br />
|𖬭𖬰<br />
|/g/<br />
|-<br />
|'''P'''<br />
|𖬡<br />
|/p/<br />
|'''B'''<br />
|𖬡𖬰<br />
|/b/<br />
|-<br />
|'''S'''<br />
|𖬖<br />
|/s/<br />
|'''Z'''<br />
|𖬖𖬰<br />
|/z/<br />
|-<br />
|'''T'''<br />
|𖬮<br />
|/t/<br />
|'''D'''<br />
|𖬮𖬰<br />
|/d/<br />
|-<br />
|'''F'''<br />
|𖬌<br />
|/f/<br />
|'''V'''<br />
|𖬌𖬰<br />
|/v/<br />
|-<br />
|'''CH'''<br />
|𖬥<br />
|/ʧ/<br />
|'''J'''<br />
|𖬥𖬰<br />
|/ʤ/<br />
|-<br />
|'''SH'''<br />
|𖬔<br />
|/ʃ/<br />
|'''ZH'''<br />
|𖬔𖬰<br />
|/ʒ/<br />
|-<br />
|'''TS'''<br />
|𖬪<br />
|/ʦ/<br />
|'''Đ'''<br />
|𖬪𖬰<br />
|/ʣ/<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="3" rowspan="5" |<br />
|'''H'''<br />
|𖬨<br />
|/h/<br />
|-<br />
|'''N'''<br />
|𖭑<br />
|/n/<br />
|-<br />
|'''M'''<br />
|𖬊<br />
|/m/<br />
|-<br />
|'''L'''<br />
|𖬠<br />
|/l/<br />
|-<br />
|'''R'''<br />
|𖬬<br />
|/r/<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Vowels and consonant joints ===<br />
Let’s take the first letter in Izaki alphabetical order, the “ka”: 𖬭 As it is now, we would read it /ka/, and not “k”, since in Izaki consonants are not stand-alone, and the default value is /ka/.<br />
<br />
What if we want to give it the sound /ke/? In this case we need to add on the right (as this is the rule of the “E”) the necessary diacritic, called, in Izaki, ''tenkun'': 𖬭ɭ<br />
<br />
Thus we know that “𖬭ɭ” will be read as /ke/; “𖬭𖬭ɭ” will be /kake”/ and “𖬭ɭ𖬭” shall be /keka/<br />
<br />
In the same way, we can write either ki, ko, and ku:<br />
<br />
𖬭ᛁ the “i” sound is made by adding a vertical bar<br />
<br />
𖬭ᐤ the “o” sound is made by adding a small circle on the top-right<br />
<br />
𖬭𐐢 the “u” sound is rendered by an umbrella handle shaped element<br />
<br />
Thus we can have these possible combinations:<br />
<br />
𖬭𖬭ᛁ (kaki), 𖬭ᐤ𖬭𐐢 (koku), 𖬭ᛁ𖬭𐐢 (kiku) etc…<br />
<br />
<br />
Let’s take a view to the main Izaki consonants with the 5 simple vowels:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|''Consonant''<br />
|'''A'''<br />
|'''E'''<br />
|'''I'''<br />
|'''O'''<br />
|'''U'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''-'''<br />
|𖬒 a<br />
|𖬒ɭ e<br />
|𖬒ᛁ i<br />
|𖬒ᐤ o<br />
|𖬒𐐢 u<br />
|-<br />
|'''K'''<br />
|𖬭 ka<br />
|𖬭ɭ ke<br />
|𖬭ᛁ ki<br />
|𖬭ᐤ ko<br />
|𖬭𐐢 ku<br />
|-<br />
|'''P'''<br />
|𖬡 pa<br />
|𖬡ɭ pe<br />
|𖬡ᛁ pi<br />
|𖬡ᐤ po<br />
|𖬡𐐢 pu<br />
|-<br />
|'''S'''<br />
|𖬖 sa<br />
|𖬖ɭ se<br />
|𖬖ᛁ shi<br />
|𖬖ᐤ so<br />
|𖬖𐐢 su<br />
|-<br />
|'''T'''<br />
|𖬮 ta<br />
|𖬮ɭ te<br />
|𖬮ᛁ ti<br />
|𖬮ᐤ to<br />
|𖬮𐐢 tu<br />
|-<br />
|'''F'''<br />
|𖬌 fa<br />
|𖬌ɭ fe<br />
|𖬌ᛁ fi<br />
|𖬌ᐤ fo<br />
|𖬌𐐢 fu<br />
|-<br />
|'''CH'''<br />
|𖬥 cha<br />
|𖬥ɭ che<br />
|𖬥ᛁ chi<br />
|𖬥ᐤ cho<br />
|𖬥𐐢 chu<br />
|-<br />
|'''SH'''<br />
|𖬔 sha<br />
|𖬔ɭ she<br />
|𖬔ᛁ shi<br />
|𖬔ᐤ sho<br />
|𖬔𐐢 shu<br />
|-<br />
|'''TS'''<br />
|𖬪 tsa<br />
|𖬪ɭ tse<br />
|𖬪ᛁ tsi<br />
|𖬪ᐤ tso<br />
|𖬪𐐢 tsu<br />
|-<br />
|'''H'''<br />
|𖬨 ha<br />
|𖬨ɭ he<br />
|𖬨ᛁ hi<br />
|𖬨ᐤ ho<br />
|𖬨𐐢 hu<br />
|-<br />
|'''N'''<br />
|𖭑 na<br />
|𖭑ɭ ne<br />
|𖭑ᛁ ni<br />
|𖭑ᐤ no<br />
|𖭑𐐢 nu<br />
|-<br />
|'''M'''<br />
|𖬊 ma<br />
|𖬊ɭ me<br />
|𖬊ᛁ mi<br />
|𖬊ᐤ mo<br />
|𖬊𐐢 mu<br />
|-<br />
|'''L'''<br />
|𖬠 la<br />
|𖬠ɭ le<br />
|𖬠ᛁ li<br />
|𖬠ᐤ lo<br />
|𖬠𐐢 lu<br />
|-<br />
|'''R'''<br />
|𖬬 ra<br />
|𖬬ɭ re<br />
|𖬬ᛁ ri<br />
|𖬬ᐤ ro<br />
|𖬬𐐢 ru<br />
|}<br />
Here are the derived consonants with the different vowel combinations:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|''Consonant''<br />
|'''A'''<br />
|'''E'''<br />
|'''I'''<br />
|'''O'''<br />
|'''U'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''-'''<br />
|𖬒 a<br />
|𖬒ɭ e<br />
|𖬒ᛁ i<br />
|𖬒ᐤ o<br />
|𖬒𐐢 u<br />
|-<br />
|'''G'''<br />
|𖬭𖬰 ga<br />
|𖬭𖬰ɭ ge<br />
|𖬭𖬰ᛁ gi<br />
|𖬭𖬰ᐤ go<br />
|𖬭𖬰𐐢 gu<br />
|-<br />
|'''B'''<br />
|𖬡𖬰 ba<br />
|𖬡𖬰ɭ be<br />
|𖬡𖬰ᛁ bi<br />
|𖬡𖬰ᐤ bo<br />
|𖬡𖬰𐐢 bu<br />
|-<br />
|'''Z'''<br />
|𖬖𖬰 za<br />
|𖬖𖬰ɭ ze<br />
|𖬖𖬰ᛁ zi<br />
|𖬖𖬰ᐤ zo<br />
|𖬖𖬰𐐢 zu<br />
|-<br />
|'''D'''<br />
|𖬮𖬰 da<br />
|𖬮𖬰ɭ de<br />
|𖬮𖬰ᛁ di<br />
|𖬮𖬰ᐤ do<br />
|𖬮𖬰𐐢 du<br />
|-<br />
|'''V'''<br />
|𖬌𖬰 va<br />
|𖬌𖬰ɭ ve<br />
|𖬌𖬰ᛁ vi<br />
|𖬌𖬰ᐤ vo<br />
|𖬌𖬰𐐢 vu<br />
|-<br />
|'''J'''<br />
|𖬥𖬰 ja<br />
|𖬥𖬰ɭ je<br />
|𖬥𖬰ᛁ ji<br />
|𖬥𖬰ᐤ jo<br />
|𖬥𖬰𐐢 ju<br />
|-<br />
|'''ZH'''<br />
|𖬔𖬰 zha<br />
|𖬔𖬰ɭ zhe<br />
|𖬔𖬰ᛁ zhi<br />
|𖬔𖬰ᐤ zho<br />
|𖬔𖬰𐐢 zhu<br />
|-<br />
|'''Ð'''<br />
|𖬪𖬰 ða<br />
|𖬪𖬰ɭ ðe<br />
|𖬪𖬰ᛁ ði<br />
|𖬪𖬰ᐤ ðo<br />
|𖬪𖬰𐐢 ðu<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Diphthongs ===<br />
Besides the main 5 vowels, Izaki language also has s certain number of diphthongs, or gliding vowels, a combination of two adjacent vowel sounds within the same syllable. <br />
<br />
Let’s take a look at some examples: 𐭘𖬭 kya, 𐩪𖬌 fwo, 𐩬𖬖 swa<br />
<br />
There are 8 main diphthongs, rendered in roman alphabet with “y” (/j/) and “w” (/w/), and in askaoza these semivocalic sounds are shown by a diacritic on the left of the corresponding consonant. <br />
<br />
Let’s see how it works with the consonant 𖭑 (n):<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|<br />
|'''A'''<br />
|'''E'''<br />
|'''I'''<br />
|'''O'''<br />
|'''U'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Y'''<br />
|𐭘𖭑 nya<br />
|𐐑𖭑 nye<br />
|<br />
|ᛚ𖭑 nyo<br />
|𐐓𖭑 nyu<br />
|-<br />
|'''W'''<br />
|𐩬𖭑 nwa<br />
|𐩧𖭑 nwe<br />
|𐐊𖭑 nwi<br />
|𐩪𖭑 nwo<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
Example words and sounds:<br />
<br />
𖭑ᛁ𐩬𖭑ɭ niswae<br />
<br />
𖬒ᐤ𐐓𖬬𖬒 oryua<br />
<br />
𐩧𖬭𖬬ᛁ kweri<br />
<br />
𐐓𖬒𖬪ᐤ yutso<br />
<br />
𐭘𖬨Ꮀ𐐊𖬭 hyaakwi<br />
<br />
𐐑𖬒ᛁ𖬖ᐤᐡ yeison<br />
<br />
𖬌𐐢𐐑𖬬 furye<br />
<br />
𖬪𐩬𖬒 tsawa<br />
<br />
𖬖𐩪𖬒𖬨ᛁ sawohi<br />
<br />
𐩪𖬭𖬨ɭ kwohe<br />
<br />
𖬊ᛁ𐩧𖬖Ꮀ miwee<br />
<br />
ᛚ𖬒𖬊 yoma<br />
<br />
𐐓𖬊Ꮀ𖬨 myuuha<br />
<br />
ᛚ𖬮𖬖𐐢 tyosu<br />
<br />
=== Double Consonants ===<br />
The double consonant is possible only with K, P, CH, S, T, N, L, SH, TS, and it is shown by a "^" diacritic symbol on the respective glyph.<br />
* KKA 𖬘𖬳<br />
* PPA 𖬇𖬳<br />
* TTA 𖬁𖬳𖬳<br />
* CCHA 𖬐𖬳<br />
* SSA 𖬖𖬳<br />
* SSHA 𖬔𖬳<br />
* TTSA 𖬑𖬳𖬳<br />
* LLA 𖬈𖬳<br />
<br />
Only the "nn" rendering is different, as it is shown with a diacritic symbol before "NA": <br />
<br />
* NNA ⲅ𖭑<br />
<br />
;Examples <br />
* 𖬮𖬭 taka vs 𖬮𖬘𖬳 takka<br />
* 𖬨ᛁ𖭑ᐡ hinan vs 𖬨ᛁⲅ𖭑ᐡ hinnan<br />
* 𖬥ᛁ𐩪𖬭 chikwo vs 𖬥ᛁ𐩪𖬘𖬳 chikkwo<br />
* 𖬮𐐢𖬖 usa vs 𖬮𐐢𖬖𖬳 ussa<br />
* 𖬮ᐤ𖬇𐐢ᐢ opun vs 𖬮ᐤ𖬇𖬳𐐢ᐢ oppun<br />
<br />
=== Long vowels ===<br />
In Izaki language, vowels can be short or long. This feature has a distinctive value, so it is important to notice when a vowel is short or long. <br />
<br />
In the official '''Sanotari-Idanos romanization system''', long vowels are written with a macron: ā ī ē ō ū, while in the less used '''Tagenas romanization system''', they are just left as a couple of vowels: aa, ii, ee, oo, uu. <br />
<br />
In the askaoza alphabet, to mark a long vowel, the diacritic “Ꮀ” is placed on the right of the long vowel syllable. <br />
<br />
Let’s take a look at some examples: 𖬭Ꮀ kā, 𖬌ᛁᎰ fī, 𖬮ᐤᎰ tō<br />
<br />
There are cases of long vowel in a CVC syllabe. In this case, the diacritic must be placed before the final consonant one: 𖬪ᐤᎰᐡ tsōn, 𖬬𐐢Ꮀᒢ rūs, 𖬨ɭᎰᣘ hēr<br />
<br />
= Greetings and useful expressions =<br />
In the table, some useful words in Izaki<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Ingerish'''<br />
|'''Izaki (romanised)'''<br />
|'''Transcription (Izaki)'''<br />
|-<br />
|Ingerish<br />
|Ingo<br />
|引語<br />
|-<br />
|Yes<br />
|Sā<br />
|𖬖⸠<br />
|-<br />
|No<br />
|Na<br />
|𖭑<br />
|-<br />
|Hello!<br />
|Ānjiwara!<br />
|𖬮⸠ᐢ𖬐𖬰ᛁ𐩬𖬮𖬬<br />
|-<br />
|How are you<br />
|Soi yodeska?<br />
|𖬖ᐤᛁ ꓩ𖬮𖬒𖬰ɭᒢ𖬭?<br />
|-<br />
|Hello (formal)<br />
|Āmajike<br />
|𖬮⸠𖬊𖬐𖬰ᛁ𖬭ɭ<br />
|-<br />
|Hi! (informal)<br />
|Ānji!<br />
|𖬮⸠ᐢ𖬐𖬰ᛁ!<br />
|-<br />
|I'm fine, thank you.<br />
|Nai tepan, dōmas.<br />
|𖭑꜉ 良ᐢ, 𖬒𖬰ᐤ⸠𖬊ᒢ.<br />
|-<br />
|So and so<br />
|tepana, zushina / tenazuna<br />
|良𖭑, 悪𖭑 / 𖬁ɭ𖭑𖬖𖬰𐐢𖭑<br />
|-<br />
|Goodbye!<br />
|Sokkiba!<br />
|𖬖ᐤⲅ𖬭ᛁ𖬇𖬰!<br />
|-<br />
|Welcome<br />
|Witte edeseke<br />
|𐐊𖬮𖬁𖬳𖬳ɭ 𖬮ɭ𖬒𖬰ɭ𖬖ɭ𖬭ɭ<br />
|-<br />
|Please<br />
|Inadeshiyan (indeshan)<br />
|𖬮ᛁ𖭑𖬒𖬰ɭ𖬔ᛁ𐭘𖬮ᐢ (𖬮ᛁᐢ𖬒𖬰ɭ𖬔ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|Thank you<br />
|Dōmas<br />
<br />
Dōmades<br />
|𖬒𖬰ᐤ⸠𖬊ᒢ.<br />
𖬒𖬰ᐤ⸠𖬊𖬒𖬰ɭᒢ<br />
|-<br />
|You're welcome<br />
|Dōmehisatta<br />
|𖬒𖬰ᐤ⸠𖬊ɭ𖬨ᛁ𖬖𖬁𖬳𖬳<br />
|-<br />
|Excuse me<br />
|Karansekeni / Karanseken / Karansee<br />
|𖬭𖬬ᐢ𖬖ɭ𖬭ɭ𖭑ᛁ / 𖬭𖬬ᐢ𖬖ɭ𖬭ɭᐢ / 𖬭𖬬ᐢ𖬖ɭ⸠<br />
|-<br />
|Sorry<br />
|Kuben<br />
|𖬭𐐢𖬇𖬰ɭᐢ<br />
|-<br />
|Good morning<br />
|Tepan allaa<br />
|良ᐢ 朝⸠<br />
|-<br />
|Good afternoon<br />
|Tepan katoo<br />
|良ᐢ 昼⸠<br />
|-<br />
|Good evening<br />
|Tepan seikaa<br />
|良ᐢ 夕⸠<br />
|-<br />
|Goodnight <br />
|Tepan nanshaa<br />
|良ᐢ 夜⸠<br />
|}<br />
<br />
= Nouns =<br />
Nouns in Izaki can be declined in singular and plural forms. There are no genders, as male, female or neuter. All the names are genderless.<br />
<br />
== Plural Formation ==<br />
In order to make the plural form, you need to prolong the last vowel of the name and add “n”. If the name already ends by a long vowel, just a n is added. If a noun ends in a consonant, see the rules. <br />
<br />
=== Nouns ending by vowel: ===<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Meaning'''<br />
|'''Singular (nominative)'''<br />
|'''Plural (nominative)'''<br />
|-<br />
|''water''<br />
|miwa (水)<br />
|miwaan (水⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''fire''<br />
|hunui(火)<br />
|hunuiin(火⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''man''<br />
|suto (男)<br />
|sutoon (男⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''woman''<br />
|natae (女)<br />
|nataeen (女⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''apple''<br />
|sugua (檎)<br />
|suguaan (檎⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''forest''<br />
|tsawa (森)<br />
|tsawaan (森⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''rice''<br />
|konu (米)<br />
|konuun (米⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''freedom''<br />
|jiyu (自由)<br />
|jiyuun (自由⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''nation''<br />
|kukka (國家)<br />
|kukkaan (國家⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|symptom<br />
|byōshō (病症)<br />
|byōshōhin (病症𖬨ᛁᐢ)<sup>1</sup><br />
|}<br />
1: nouns ending by a long vowel will add "hin" (𖬨ᛁᐢ)<br />
<br />
=== Noun ending by consonants: ===<br />
In Izaki, due to phonological rules, words can only end by: -n, -s, -l, -r. Basically to make the plural form, you need to prolong the ending consonant, and recall once again the previous vowel. <br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Meaning'''<br />
|'''Singular (nominative)'''<br />
|'''Plural (nominative)'''<br />
|'''Remarks, exceptions'''<br />
|-<br />
|''surface''<br />
|pyomyen(表面)<br />
|pyomyenne(表面𖭑ɭ)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''law''<br />
|pōrīs(法律)<br />
|pōrīsshi(法律𖬔ᛁ)<br />
|Izaki phonetics do not allow the /si/ syllable, which becomes /ʃi/ (shi). <br />
|-<br />
|''technology''<br />
|gijus(技術)<br />
|gijussu(技術𖬖𐐢)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''wave''<br />
|moigon(波)<br />
|moigonno(波𖭑ᐤ)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''leg''<br />
|huinnon(脚)<br />
|huinnonno(脚𖭑ᐤ)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''fennel''<br />
|totsus(茴)<br />
|totsussu(茴𖬖𐐢)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''insect''<br />
|nās(虫)<br />
|nāssa(虫𖬖)<br />
|If the last vowel of the singular form is a long one (ā,ē,ī,ō,ū), in the plural form it will be a shortened vowel.<br />
|-<br />
|''love''<br />
|saison(愛)<br />
|saisonno(愛𖭑ᐤ)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''docking''<br />
|rul(埠)<br />
|rullu(埠𖬈𐐢)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''God of the Sea''<br />
|kikk(𖬭ᛁ𖬘𖬳')<br />
|kikki(𖬭ᛁ𖬘𖬳ᛁ)<br />
|irregular word<br />
|-<br />
|''moral''<br />
|tekeh(徳)<br />
|tekehte(徳𖬁ɭ)<br />
|irregular word<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Cases ==<br />
Izaki Language operates on 8 cases (格⸠ᐢ ''kakuun''). <br />
<br />
Nouns, adjectives, pronouns and verbs need to be declined in most of the situations.<br />
<br />
# '''Nominative''' (主格, shukaku): the case used for the main subject, or the topic of the sentence. In the dictionary the nouns are in the nominative form.<br />
# '''Genitive''' (属格, zukkaku): to express the possession<br />
# '''Accusative''' (対格, taikaku): the case used for the direct object of a transitive verb<br />
# '''Dative''' (与格, yokaku): the indirect case of a destination recipient (to whom)<br />
# '''Essive''' (処格, shokaku): the case used to express the static position<br />
# '''Allative''' (向格, hyānkaku): the case used to express the direction (to the outside, until)<br />
# '''Ablative''' (奪格, daskaku): the case used to express the origin (from where, from when)<br />
# '''Instrumental''' (具格, gukaku): the case used to express the way or the instrument of an action (with something, using something), and also used to create other expressions using added ending suffixes. <br />
The following tables shows how some example words declinate in the different cases at their singular forms:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Case/meaning'''<br />
|'''Addied stem (-V/-C)'''<br />
|''water''<br />
|''tear''<br />
|''gate''<br />
|''wolf''<br />
|''opinion''<br />
|''day''<br />
|''sugar''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Nominative'''<br />
|''-''<br />
|miwa<br />
|tsokke<br />
|mua<br />
|tsaikis<br />
|wiken<br />
|kato<br />
|satā<br />
|-<br />
|'''Genitive'''<br />
|''add -n/-un''<br />
|miwa'''n'''<br />
|tsokke'''n'''<br />
|mua'''n'''<br />
|tsaikis'''un'''<br />
|wiken'''un'''<br />
|ka'''d'''o'''n'''<br />
|sa'''d'''ā'''n'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Accusative'''<br />
|''prolong vowel<sup>1</sup>''<br />
|miw'''ā'''<br />
|tsokkē<br />
|muā<br />
|tsaikisū<br />
|wikenū<br />
|katoo<br />
|satā<br />
|-<br />
|'''Dative'''<br />
|''add -i''<br />
|miwa'''i'''<br />
|tsokkei<br />
|muai<br />
|tsaikishi<br />
|wikenni<br />
|katoi<br />
|satāi<br />
|-<br />
|'''Essive'''<br />
|''add -s/-us''<br />
|miwa'''n'''<br />
|tsokke'''s'''<br />
|mua'''s'''<br />
|tsaikis'''us'''<br />
|wikenu'''s'''<br />
|ka'''d'''o'''s'''<br />
|sa'''d'''ā'''s'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Allative'''<br />
|''add -r/-ur''<br />
|miwa'''r'''<br />
|tsokke'''r'''<br />
|mua'''r'''<br />
|tsaikis'''ur'''<br />
|wiken'''ur'''<br />
|ka'''d'''o'''r'''<br />
|sa'''d'''ā'''r'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Ablative'''<br />
|''add -l/-ul''<br />
|miwa'''l'''<br />
|tsokke'''l'''<br />
|mua'''l'''<br />
|tsaikis'''ul'''<br />
|wiken'''ul'''<br />
|ka'''d'''o'''l'''<br />
|sa'''d'''ā'''l'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Instrumental'''<br />
|''see below''<br />
|miwa'''e'''<br />
|tsokkei<br />
|muae<br />
|tsaikiso<br />
|wikeni<br />
|katou<br />
|satāe<br />
|}<br />
1: if the noun already ends by a long vowel, the accusative keeps the same as the nominative.<br />
<br />
2: in the ''genitive'', ''essive'', ''allative'' and ''ablative'' cases ('''strong cases'''), nouns ending by vowel see a change in the last consonant, which becomes a sonorant if originally was k, p, ch, t, f, r, ts, sh, and preceded by a vowel. This phenomenon is called sonorisation of strong cases (強格濁音化); <br />
<br />
Eg: ''lota'' (sheet) > ''lo'''d'''as'', ''taito'' (diary) > ''tai'''d'''on'', ''dasa'' (trunk) > ''da'''z'''as'', ''niki'' (tower) > ''ni'''g'''is''<br />
<br />
However, this doesn't happen with double consonants, and when the consonant is preceded by ''h'' or ''s'': <br />
<br />
E.g. ''dahkei'' (precipice) > ''dah'''k'''ein'', ''juska'' (son) > ''jus'''k'''as''<br />
<br />
==== The instrumental ====<br />
The instrumental case can be created using the “vowel progression system”, and the rule is easily observable by each vowel ending words:<br />
<br />
# Words ending in a: add an -e<br />
# Words ending in e: add an -i<br />
# Words ending in i: add an -o (a diphthongization happens, so the word end changes to -yo)<br />
# Words ending in o: add an -u<br />
# Words ending in u: add an -a (a diphthongization happens, so the word end changes to -wa)<br />
# Words ending in consonant follow the same vowel progression rule as above, but the ending consonant doubles<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Meaning'''<br />
|'''Nominative'''<br />
|'''Instrumental'''<br />
|'''Notes'''<br />
|-<br />
|''water''<br />
|miwa<br />
|miwae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''hill''<br />
|oboe<br />
|oboei<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''river''<br />
|sāri<br />
|sāryo<br />
|i+o contract in “yo”<br />
|-<br />
|''color''<br />
|ahiro<br />
|ahirou<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''bear''<br />
|usumu<br />
|usumwa<br />
|u+a contract in “wa”<br />
|-<br />
|''employee''<br />
|shawin<br />
|shawinno<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''beetle''<br />
|tendattan<br />
|tendattanne<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''Sainðaul''<br />
|''Sainðaul''<br />
|''Sainðaulla''<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''life''<br />
|seikwas<br />
|seikwasse<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
''Note'': words already ending with a diphthong keeps behaving the same, except for V+”o” ending nouns:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Meaning'''<br />
|'''Nominative'''<br />
|'''Instrumental'''<br />
|'''Remarks'''<br />
|-<br />
|''lightning''<br />
|sasatsai <br />
|sasatsayo<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''bell''<br />
|akau<br />
|akawa<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''neck''<br />
|kea<br />
|keae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''tusk''<br />
|nekīkei<br />
|nekīkeyo<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''mushroom''<br />
|hingao<br />
|hingō*<br />
|<nowiki>-ao ending names change the last “ao” to “ō”</nowiki><br />
|-<br />
|''port''<br />
|sāreo<br />
|sāreu<br />
|<nowiki>-eo ending names change the last “eo” to “eu”</nowiki><br />
|-<br />
|''glass''<br />
|tassuo<br />
|tassū<br />
|<nowiki>-uo ending names change the last “uo” to “ū”</nowiki><br />
|-<br />
|''actor''<br />
|haiyū<br />
|haiyūa<br />
| -long u ending names just see an added "a"<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Derived cases ===<br />
From the instrumental stem, by adding other particles, you can create some sub-cases. <br />
<br />
# '''Comitative''' (with): -te (''miwaete'', with the water; ''tendattannete'', with the beetle)<br />
# '''Translative''' (to become): - nde (''sāryonde'', to become a river, ''jiyuande'', to become free)<br />
# '''Dedative''' (about): - nkai (''ahirounkai'', about the color; )<br />
# '''Abessive''' (without) -ttan (''saisonuttan'', without love; ''gijussattan'', without technology)<br />
<br />
Another case, the istructive, is made by the dative bases: <br />
<br />
# '''Istructive''' (with the mean of): - hte<br />
<br />
<br />
''Example sentences''<br />
<br />
I live in Sainðaul<br />
<br />
''Nai Sainðaulus paen. (我 作安崎''𐐢ᒢ 住𖬮ɭᐢ'')''<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
The books of the student are in the classroom.<br />
<br />
''Hakusein kinoon kyoshisus yohan.(学生之 冊''⸠ᐢ 教室𐐢ᒢ ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ)<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Anna ordered two novels.<br />
<br />
''Anna shosessē kantsul chubun teki.'' (𖬮ⲅ𖭑 小説𖬖ɭ⸠ 二𖬑𐐢ᐡ 注文𖬁ɭ𖬭ᛁ.)<br />
<br />
=== Plural cases ===<br />
The formation of the plural cases sees the presence of a thematic "i" inserted between the root of the word and the case ending; the consonant sonorisation doesn't happen:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Case/meaning'''<br />
|'''Addied stem (-V/-C)'''<br />
|''water''<br />
|''tear''<br />
|''gate''<br />
|''wolf''<br />
|''opinion''<br />
|''day''<br />
|''sugar''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Nominative'''<br />
|prolong last vowel and add -n/double the last consonant, and repeat the preceding vowel<br />
|miwaan<br />
|tsokkeen<br />
|muaan<br />
|tsaikisshi<br />
|wikenne<br />
|katoon<br />
|satāhin<br />
|-<br />
|'''Genitive'''<br />
|''add -in/-en''<br />
|miwa'''in'''<br />
|tsokke'''in'''<br />
|mua'''in'''<br />
|tsaikis'''en'''<br />
|wiken'''en'''<br />
|kato'''in'''<br />
|satāhen<br />
|-<br />
|'''Accusative'''<br />
|''add -ita/-ta''<br />
|miw'''aita'''<br />
|tsokke'''ita'''<br />
|mua'''ita'''<br />
|tsaikis'''ta'''<br />
|wiken'''ta'''<br />
|kato'''ita'''<br />
|satāheta<br />
|-<br />
|'''Dative'''<br />
|''add -hi''<br />
|miwa'''hi'''<br />
|tsokke'''hi'''<br />
|mua'''hi'''<br />
|tsaikis'''shi'''<br />
|wiken'''hi'''<br />
|kato'''hi'''<br />
|satāhi<br />
|-<br />
|'''Essive'''<br />
|''add -is/-es''<br />
|miwa'''is'''<br />
|tsokke'''is'''<br />
|mua'''is'''<br />
|tsaikis'''es'''<br />
|wiken'''es'''<br />
|kato'''is'''<br />
|satāhes<br />
|-<br />
|'''Allative'''<br />
|''add -ir/-er''<br />
|miwa'''ir'''<br />
|tsokke'''ir'''<br />
|mua'''ir'''<br />
|tsaikis'''er'''<br />
|wiken'''er'''<br />
|kato'''ir'''<br />
|satāher<br />
|-<br />
|'''Ablative'''<br />
|''add -il/-el''<br />
|miwa'''il'''<br />
|tsokke'''il'''<br />
|mua'''il'''<br />
|tsaikis'''el'''<br />
|wiken'''el'''<br />
|kato'''il'''<br />
|satāhel<br />
|-<br />
|'''Instrumental'''<br />
|''add -i after the singular instrumental''<br />
|miwa'''ei'''<br />
|tsokkeii<br />
|muaei<br />
|tsaikisoi<br />
|wikenii<br />
|katoui<br />
|satāei<br />
|}<br />
Note:<br />
<br />
* When a noun ends by long vowel at its singular form, the plural nominative theme is "-hin", but changes in "-he-" for the strong cases (genitive, locative, allative, ablative) eg: ''fupō'' (illegality) becomes ''fupōhin'' (illegalities), ''fubōs'' (of the illegality), ''fupōhen'' (in the illegalities) ...<br />
<br />
= Personal Pronouns =<br />
The personal pronouns in Izaki language, are the following:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|<br />
|'''Sing.'''<br />
|'''Plur.'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''1st'''<br />
|Nai<br />
|Naiin (exclusive), Nahu (incl.)<br />
|-<br />
|'''2nd'''<br />
|Sai / Kisai<br />
|Saiin / Kisaiin<br />
|-<br />
|'''3rd''' <br />
|Han<br />
|Hannu<br />
|}<br />
The 2nd person gets an honorific form by adding “ki” (貴) as a prefix<br />
<br />
Case conjugation:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Case'''<br />
|''I''<br />
|''You''<br />
|''He/She''<br />
|''We (ex)''<br />
|''We (inc)''<br />
|''You (pl)''<br />
|''They''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Nominative'''<br />
|nai<br />
|sai<br />
|han<br />
|naiin<br />
|nahu<br />
|saiin<br />
|hannu<br />
|-<br />
|'''Genitive'''<br />
|naiyo<br />
|saiyo<br />
|haiyo<br />
|nakiyo<br />
|nahuyo<br />
|sakiyo<br />
|hanniyo<br />
|-<br />
|'''Accusative'''<br />
|naka<br />
|saka<br />
|haka<br />
|naika<br />
|nahka<br />
|saika<br />
|hannika<br />
|-<br />
|'''Dative'''<br />
|nakai<br />
|sakai<br />
|hakai<br />
|naikai<br />
|nahkai<br />
|saikai<br />
|hannikai<br />
|-<br />
|'''Essive'''<br />
|nais<br />
|sais<br />
|hais<br />
|nakis<br />
|nahkis<br />
|sakis<br />
|hannus<br />
|-<br />
|'''Allative'''<br />
|nair<br />
|sair<br />
|hair<br />
|nakir<br />
|nahkir<br />
|sakir<br />
|hannur<br />
|-<br />
|'''Ablative'''<br />
|nail<br />
|sail<br />
|hail<br />
|nakil<br />
|nahkil<br />
|sakil<br />
|hannul<br />
|-<br />
|'''Instrumental'''<br />
|nayo<br />
|sayo<br />
|hane<br />
|nakyo<br />
|nahkyo<br />
|sakyo<br />
|hannwa<br />
|}<br />
The genitive, accusative and dative forms have also a suffix variation which can be put at the end of a noun or as a suffix of a verb:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Case'''<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|'''Genitive'''<br />
|<nowiki>-ne</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-se</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-he</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-nehe</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-nuhe</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-sehe</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-hese</nowiki><br />
|-<br />
|'''Accusative'''<br />
|<nowiki>-ni</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-shi</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-hi</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-nki</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-nhi</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-ski</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-heshi</nowiki><br />
|-<br />
|'''Dative'''<br />
|<nowiki>-na</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-sa</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-ha</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-nka</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-nha</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-ska</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-hasa</nowiki><br />
|}<br />
Note: in spoken language ''hese'' and ''hasa'' often become ''hes'', ''has''.<br />
<br />
=== Genitive suffix ===<br />
My computer: Naiyo dyensanki - or - dyensankine<br />
<br />
His wallet: Haiyo ðaifu - or - ðaifuhe<br />
<br />
Their house: Hanniyo futaka - or - futakahese<br />
<br />
Your smile: Saiyo hamiku - or - hamikuse<br />
<br />
=== Accusative suffix ===<br />
The accusative suffix is used after a verb when the direct object of it is a personal pronoun.<br />
<br />
I call you tomorrow: ''Nai akae nakonshi'' (also ''Nai akae saka nakon'')<br />
<br />
She invited you (pl) to the party: ''Han uiraben chadoisk''i (also ''Han saika uiraben chadoi'')<br />
<br />
I love you: (''Nai) saisonshi'' (also ''Nai saka saison'')<br />
<br />
==== Accusative suffix with reflexive verbs ====<br />
Certain verbs are called ''reflexive'', as the action gets back to the subject. In these cases, the accusative suffix has to be used.<br />
<br />
I get up (I wake up myself): ''Nai tashitonni''.<br />
<br />
He washes himself: ''Han jipehi.''<br />
<br />
They wore up in a hurry: ''Hannu dunese tapukeeheshi''. (eehe is often pronounced “ppe” in the spoken language > tapukeppeshi)<br />
<br />
(due to the repetitive eehe in reflexive verbs in the 3rd plural conjugation, the ēheshi suffix often gets contracted to ppēs, especially in spoken Izaki: “(Hannu) Dunese tapukeppes.”)<br />
<br />
=== Dative suffix ===<br />
The dative suffixes can be attached at the end of the verb. Notice the changes when the verb conjugation ends by consonant. <br />
<br />
He gives me some presents: ''Han kappareita tsotana.'' <br />
<br />
Sanna sent you her ring: ''Sanna tamūhe ronusa''.<br />
<br />
They killed him: ''Hannu sazokeeha''.<br />
<br />
=== Possessing function ===<br />
To express sentences such as “I have something”, the pronoun must be changed in the possessor tense, which is as follow: <br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Standard form'''<br />
|'''Possessing form'''<br />
|-<br />
|Nai 𖭑꜉<br />
|Nara 𖭑𖬬<br />
|-<br />
|Sai 𖬖꜉<br />
|Sara 𖬖𖬬<br />
|-<br />
|Han 𖬨ᐢ<br />
|Hara 𖬨𖬬<br />
|-<br />
|Naiin 𖭑꜉⸠ᐢ<br />
|Naira 𖭑꜉𖬬<br />
|-<br />
|Saiin 𖬖꜉⸠ᐢ<br />
|Saira 𖬖꜉𖬬<br />
|-<br />
|Hannu 𖬨ⲅ𖭑𐐢<br />
|Hanara 𖬨𖭑𖬬<br />
|}<br />
<u>Structure</u>: Pronoun in possessor form, owned object (nominative), to be verb (conjugated according to the number of the owned thing(s)).<br />
<br />
I have a bicycle: ''<u>Nara</u> jityensha yo. (''𖭑𖬬 自轉車 ꓩ𖬮)<br />
<br />
She has many clothes: ''<u>Hara</u> tasuin chuneen yohan.'' (𖬨𖬬 多𖬮ᛁᐢ 衣⸠ᐢ ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ.)<br />
<br />
You don’t have any pride: ''<u>Saira</u> nashehen euna yona.'' (𖬖꜉𖬬 什⸠ᐢ 誇 ꓩ𖬮𖭑.)<br />
<br />
For nouns different than the personal pronoun, dative case shall be used for the person/object who owns something:<br />
<br />
Kaoto has two cars: ''Kaoto<u>i</u> takamaan kanki yohan.'' (敢斗𖬮ᛁ 車⸠ᐢ 2基 ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ.)<br />
<br />
Has your teacher got a girlfriend? ''Hagiuppaya<u>i</u>se nattaiko yoreka?'' <br />
<br />
= Prepositions of place =<br />
Rule: change the name in the '''genitive''' case, followed by the position particle in '''essive''' case<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+Main prepositions of place '''(位置後付詞)'''<br />
!Meaning<br />
!Izaki<br />
!Writing<br />
!Example (with the words “table” (sawohi) and “” (house)<br />
|-<br />
|In front<br />
|adae<br />
|向<br />
|sawohin adaes<br />
|-<br />
|Behind<br />
|odae<br />
|後<br />
|sawohin odaes<br />
|-<br />
|On<br />
|uino<br />
|上<br />
|sawohin uinos<br />
|-<br />
|Over<br />
|swori<br />
|𐩪𖬖𖬬ᛁ<br />
|sawohin sworis<br />
|-<br />
|Under<br />
|teano<br />
|下<br />
|sawohin teanos<br />
|-<br />
|Below<br />
|kauri<br />
|𖬭'𐐢𖬬ᛁ<br />
|sawohin kauris<br />
|-<br />
|Next to<br />
|muje<br />
|横<br />
|sawohin mujes<br />
|-<br />
|Inside<br />
|juitte<br />
|中<br />
|futagan juittes<br />
|-<br />
|Outside<br />
|toku<br />
|外<br />
|futagan togus<br />
|-<br />
|Nearby<br />
|haikan<br />
|近ᐢ<br />
|futagan haikanus<br />
|-<br />
|Far from<br />
|nantan<br />
|遠ᐢ<br />
|futagan nantanus<br />
|}<br />
<br />
= Verbs =<br />
All izaki verbs, in the "dictionary form" end by -su (𖬖𐐢), and the part preceding it is the verb stem. <br />
<br />
Verbs are conjugated according to the 6 pronouns and in 5 different basic tenses: ''present, simple past, perfect, future,'' and ''hypothetic.'' <br />
<br />
Before other verb forms can be made one must first take off the infinitive ending from the stem, to which other endings are then added, cf. yuka/su ‘(to) think’ : yuka/ma/n ‘I will think’, yuka/ttu ‘thought’. <br />
<br />
Some verbs have more than one stem, in which case one is formed from the other, e.g. i/su ‘(to) go’ : ike/n ‘I go’ and e/su ‘(to) come’ : ere/n ‘I come’. <br />
<br />
Consonant weakening may affect secondary verbs stems, and we will see the rules in this chapter; e.g. nugi/su ‘(to) clean’ : nuki/n ’I clean‘ (consonant gradation) <br />
<br />
== Verb to be (yosu, ꓩ𖬮𖬖𐐢) ==<br />
''Yosu'' verb is the most important one in Izaki language, as it is needed to create sentences like “subject” is “copula”, or for existence sentences, such as “there is something”. <br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|Personal Pr.<br />
|'''Present'''<br />
|Ing. equivalent<br />
|'''Present neg.'''<br />
|'''Simple past'''<br />
|Ing. equivalent<br />
|'''Simple past neg.'''<br />
|'''Perfect'''<br />
|Ing. equivalent<br />
|'''Perfect neg.'''<br />
|'''Future'''<br />
|Ing. equivalent<br />
|'''Future neg.'''<br />
|-<br />
|Nai<br />
|yo'''n''' (ꓩ𖬮ᐢ)<br />
|I am<br />
|yo'''nan'''<br />
|yo'''in'''<br />
|I was<br />
|yo'''nain'''<br />
|yo'''len'''<br />
|I have been<br />
|yo'''nalen'''<br />
|yo'''man'''<br />
|I will be<br />
|yo'''naman'''<br />
|-<br />
|Sai<br />
|yo'''s''' (ꓩ𖬮ᒢ)<br />
|You are<br />
|yo'''nas'''<br />
|yo'''is'''<br />
|You were<br />
|yo'''nais'''<br />
|yo'''les'''<br />
|You have been<br />
|yo'''nales'''<br />
|yo'''mas'''<br />
|You will be<br />
|yo'''namas'''<br />
|-<br />
|Han<br />
|yo (ꓩ𖬮)<br />
|He/She/it is<br />
|yo'''na'''<br />
|yo'''i'''<br />
|He/she/it was<br />
|yo'''nai'''<br />
|yo'''le'''<br />
|He/she/it has been<br />
|yo'''nale'''<br />
|yo'''ma'''<br />
|He/she/it will be<br />
|yo'''nama'''<br />
|-<br />
|Naiin <br />
|yo'''nne''' (ꓩ𖬮ⲅ𖭑ɭ)<br />
|We are<br />
|yo'''nanne'''<br />
|yo'''inne'''<br />
|We were<br />
|yo'''nainne'''<br />
|yo'''lenne'''<br />
|We have been<br />
|yo'''nalenne'''<br />
|yo'''manne'''<br />
|We will be<br />
|yo'''namanne'''<br />
|-<br />
|Saiin<br />
|yo'''sse''' (ꓩ𖬮𖬖𖬳ɭ)<br />
|You are<br />
|yo'''nasse'''<br />
|yo'''isse'''<br />
|You were<br />
|yo'''naisse'''<br />
|yo'''lesse'''<br />
|You have been<br />
|yo'''nalesse'''<br />
|yo'''masse'''<br />
|You will be<br />
|yo'''namasse'''<br />
|-<br />
|Hannu<br />
|yo'''han''' (ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ)<br />
|They are<br />
|yo'''nahan'''<br />
|yo'''ihan'''<br />
|They were<br />
|yo'''naihan'''<br />
|yo'''lehan'''<br />
|They have been<br />
|yo'''nalehan'''<br />
|yo'''mahan'''<br />
|They will be<br />
|yo'''namahan'''<br />
|}<br />
As one can see, the conjugation rule is easy: '''-n''' for the first person, '''-s''' for the second, just the verb stem for the third. <br />
<br />
For the plural pronouns, you add “'''-nne'''” for “we”, “'''-sse'''” for you (plural), and “'''-han'''” for they.<br />
<br />
To create the negative form, just add “na” after the stem, and conjugate accordingly.<br />
<br />
For the simple past, add the past theme “i” after the stem, for the simple past negative, add “nai”, for the perfect add "le", and for the future add "ma" (note that the negative stem "na" has the priority in closeness to the verb stem when other suffixes are added). <br />
<br />
<br />
''Example sentences''<br />
<br />
I am a man ( I - man - am): ''Nai suto yon'' (我ᛁ 男 ꓩ𖬮ᐢ)<br />
<br />
They are doctors. (They - doctor - s - are) ''Hannu satsaan yohan.'' (他ⲅ𖭑𐐢 博⸠ᐢ ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ)<br />
<br />
There was a bird in the house. (House - in - bird - was) ''Futagas fuwo yoi.'' (舎ᒢ 鳥 ꓩ𖬮ᛁ)<br />
<br />
<br />
For the formal form of the verb, used when talking about yourself, or in general, to people who are not your acquaintances, or in situations requiring medium formality, the suffix “ra” (𖬬) has to be added before the person ending. <br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|Personal Pr.<br />
|'''Present'''<br />
|'''Present negative'''<br />
|'''Simple past'''<br />
|'''Simple past negative'''<br />
|-<br />
|Nai<br />
|yora'''n'''<br />
|yo'''naran'''<br />
|yo'''iran'''<br />
|yo'''nairan'''<br />
|-<br />
|Sai<br />
|yora'''s'''<br />
|yo'''naras'''<br />
|yo'''iras'''<br />
|yo'''nairas'''<br />
|-<br />
|Han<br />
|yora<br />
|yo'''nara'''<br />
|yo'''ira'''<br />
|yo'''naira'''<br />
|-<br />
|Naiin<br />
|yora'''nne'''<br />
|yo'''naranne'''<br />
|yo'''iranne'''<br />
|yo'''nairanne'''<br />
|-<br />
|Saiin<br />
|yora'''sse'''<br />
|yo'''narasse'''<br />
|yo'''irasse'''<br />
|yo'''nairasse'''<br />
|-<br />
|Hannu<br />
|yora'''han'''<br />
|yo'''narahan'''<br />
|yo'''irahan'''<br />
|yo'''nairahan'''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
''Example sentences''<br />
<br />
I am a teacher (formal): ''Nai hagiuppaya yoran''. (我ᛁ 教𖬮𐐢𖬇𖬳者 ꓩ𖬮𖬬ᐢ)<br />
<br />
Are you a researcher?: ''Kisai kenkyunsha yoraska?'' (貴你ᛁ 研究者 ꓩ𖬮𖬬ᒢ𖬭?)<br />
<br />
<br />
The aspect suffixes seen so far observe the following preferential order: (stem)-na-(aspect suffix)-ra-(personal ending)-ka<br />
<br />
== Other verbs ==<br />
Izaki verbs can be divided in three groups, according to their ending:<br />
<br />
# Ending by CV + su ('''Group 1''') (as ''ka<u>da</u>su, na<u>ko</u>su, shi<u>ro</u>su'' etc...)<br />
# Ending by VV + su ('''Group 2''') (as ''m<u>oa</u>su, <u>ei</u>su, jing<u>oa</u>su'' etc...)<br />
# Ending by consonant (n, s, l, r, k, h) + su ('''Group 3''') (as ''ode<u>n</u>su, kichoa<u>r</u>su, ma<u>h</u>su,'' etc...)<br />
<br />
=== Present tense ===<br />
<br />
==== Group 1 ====<br />
Verbs of this group always end with -asu, -esu, -isu, -osu, -usu. The vowel before “su” is always a short vowel. <br />
<br />
Note that verbs show a phenomenon similar to that of the nouns' sonorization. In this case, the last consonant before the suffix -su, if a sonorant consonant (g, b, d, z, zh, dz, j), becomes voiceless (k, p, t, s, sh, ts, ch). <br />
<br />
This phenomenon is called "purification" (清音化, ''seionkwa''). See how the following verbs' stem changes accordingly (this is called "weak stem" 弱体 (''zhakuche'')): <br />
<br />
* kadasu (to arrive) kada → ka'''t'''a- <br />
* nugisu (to clean) nugi → nu'''k'''i- <br />
* nebusu (to cook) nebu → ne'''p'''u- <br />
* dagasu (to cut) daga → da'''k'''a- <br />
* sebusu (to finish) sebu → se'''p'''u- <br />
* gindasu (to put) ginda → gin'''t'''a- <br />
* rigusu (to run) rigu → ri'''k'''u- <br />
* wazasu (to divide) waza → wa'''s'''a- <br />
<br />
However, these kind of verbs have two kind of stem: a weak one (which sees this phenomenon) and a strong one (where the sonorant consonant does not change). In general, the weak stem is used to make the simple present, the simple past and the hypotetic tenses, while the strong stem is used to make perfect, future, situative, and participle.<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|<br />
|''To get up''<br />
|''To fly''<br />
|''To speak''<br />
|''To run''<br />
|''To ask''<br />
|-<br />
|Personal Pr.<br />
|'''Tashidosu'''<br />
|'''Nulbisu'''<br />
|'''Rihtasu'''<br />
|'''Rigusu'''<br />
|'''Kieresu'''<br />
|-<br />
|''Nai''<br />
|tashiton<br />
|nulbin<br />
|rihtan<br />
|rikun<br />
|kieren<br />
|-<br />
|''Sai''<br />
|tashitos<br />
|nulbis<br />
|rihtas<br />
|rikus<br />
|kieres<br />
|-<br />
|''Han''<br />
|tashito<br />
|nulbi<br />
|rihta<br />
|riku<br />
|kiere<br />
|-<br />
|''Naiin''<br />
|tashitonne<br />
|nulbinne<br />
|rihtanne<br />
|rikunne<br />
|kierenne<br />
|-<br />
|''Saiin''<br />
|tashitosse<br />
|nulbisse<br />
|rihtasse<br />
|rikusse<br />
|kieresse<br />
|-<br />
|''Hannu''<br />
|tashitohan<br />
|nulbihan<br />
|rihtahan<br />
|rikuhan<br />
|kierehan<br />
|}<br />
You can notice the personal pronoun endings:<br />
<br />
# -n<br />
# -s<br />
# verb stem (just drop “su”, and apply the weak stem, if applicable)<br />
# -nne<br />
# -sse<br />
# -han<br />
<br />
<br />
''Example sentences''<br />
<br />
She speaks Izaki: ''Han izakii rihta''. (彼 華邦語⸠ 話𖬁)<br />
<br />
We run to our house. ''Naiin futakarnehe rigunne''. (我ᛁ⸠ᐢ 舎ᣗ𖭑ɭ𖬨ɭ 走𖬭𖬰𐐢ⲅ𖭑ɭ)<br />
<br />
Mr. Rihasamo asks (to her) her name. ''Rihasamo tana nakoriihe kierera,'' (高山 殿 名ᛁ⸠𖬨ɭ 尋𖬬ɭ𖬬)<br />
<br />
==== Group 2 ====<br />
Verbs of this group always end by -asu, -esu, -isu, -osu, -usu. Before the suffix “su” there is a long vowel or two vowels. The present tense is basically the same as the group 1.<br />
<br />
Note that these verbs only have strong stems (no consonant degradation happens)<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|<br />
|''To drink''<br />
|''To hit''<br />
|''To rotate''<br />
|''To open''<br />
|''To start''<br />
|-<br />
|Personal Pr.<br />
|'''Eisu'''<br />
|'''Seosu'''<br />
|'''Minbaesu'''<br />
|'''Muiyasu'''<br />
|'''Pwikausu'''<br />
|-<br />
|''Nai''<br />
|Ein<br />
|seon<br />
|minbaen<br />
|muiyan<br />
|pwikaun<br />
|-<br />
|''Sai''<br />
|Eis<br />
|seos<br />
|minbaes<br />
|muiyas<br />
|pwikaus<br />
|-<br />
|''Han''<br />
|Ei<br />
|seo<br />
|minbae<br />
|muiya<br />
|pwikau<br />
|-<br />
|''Naiin''<br />
|Einne<br />
|seonne<br />
|minbaenne<br />
|muiyanne<br />
|pwikaunne<br />
|-<br />
|''Saiin''<br />
|Eisse<br />
|seosse<br />
|minbaesse<br />
|muiyasse<br />
|pwikausse<br />
|-<br />
|''Hannu''<br />
|Eihan<br />
|seohan<br />
|minbaehan<br />
|muiyahan<br />
|pwikauhan<br />
|}<br />
You can notice the personal pronoun endings:<br />
<br />
# -n<br />
# -s<br />
# verb stem (no suffix)<br />
# -nne<br />
# -sse<br />
# -han<br />
<br />
<br />
''Example sentences''<br />
<br />
Who opens the window? ''Naga tekaa muiyaraka?'' (誰 窓⸠ 開𐭘𖬮𖬬𖬭)<br />
<br />
When do you start the game? ''Estin appii pwikauraska?'' (𖬮ɭᒢ𖬁ᛁᐢ 娯⸠ 始𖬮𐐢𖬬ᒢ𖬭)<br />
<br />
They rotate the handle. ''Hannu rimeroo minbaerahan.'' (他ⲅ𖭑𐐢 舵⸠ 回𖬮ɭ𖬬𖬨ᐢ)<br />
<br />
==== Group 3 ====<br />
The verbs in this group end by "-su", preceded by a consonant that usually is n, s, and sometimes h, k (rare), l, r. To conjugate this group verbs, it is necessary to check which vowel comes before the consonant, and apply the vowel transition pattern. See how the stems change in the examples<br />
<br />
# Last vowel before Csu a: becomes '''ye''' (eg: kichoarsu → kichoarye-)<br />
# Last vowel before Csu e: becomes '''i''' (remember that "si" sound becomes "shi") ()<br />
# Last vowel before Csu i: becomes '''o''' (eh: jīssu → jīsso-)<br />
# Last vowel before Csu o: becomes '''u''' (eg: lendonsu → lendonnu-)<br />
# Last vowel before Csu u: becomes '''a''' (eg: sonomulsu → sonomulla-)<br />
<br />
According to the ending of the verb, each sub-type has the following last stem consonant changes:<br />
<br />
# '''-assu/essu/ossu/ussu''' verbs: asse/esshi/ossu/ussa + personal pronoun endings<br />
# -'''issu''' verbs: isshi + personal pronoun endings <sup>1</sup><br />
# -'''V<u>ns</u>u''' verbs: V<u>nn</u>V + personal pronoun endings<br />
# -'''Vhsu''' verbs: V<u>pp</u>V + personal pronoun endings <br />
# -'''Vlsu''' verbs: V<u>ll</u>V + personal pronoun endings <br />
# -'''Vksu''' verbs: V<u>kk</u>V + personal pronoun endings <sup>2</sup><br />
# -'''Vrsu''' verbs: V<u>ry</u>V + personal pronoun endings <br />
<br />
<nowiki>*</nowiki> V: vowel<br />
<br />
1: -issu verbs, such as ''ogissu'' (to complain) change their stem into "ogissa-" (ogissan, ogissas, ogissa...)<br />
<br />
2: -ersu verbs, such as ''numersu'' (to tow) change their stem into "numerī-" (numerīn, numerīs, numerī...)<br />
<br />
The personal pronoun endings are the same as the other types<br />
<br />
# -n<br />
# -s<br />
# only conjugation stem (the most intuitive way is to cut “-n” from the first person)<br />
# h+verb stem last vowel+n<br />
# h+verb stem last vowel+s<br />
# h+verb stem last vowel<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|<br />
|''To push''<br />
|''To try''<br />
|''To twist''<br />
|''To listen''<br />
|''To scrub''<br />
|''To convince''<br />
|''To paint''<br />
|-<br />
|Pers. Pr.<br />
|'''Jissu'''<br />
|'''Tsurahsu'''<br />
|'''Yokansu'''<br />
|'''Odensu'''<br />
|'''Tederiksu'''<br />
|'''Sonomulsu'''<br />
|'''Kichoarsu'''<br />
|-<br />
|''Nai''<br />
|jisshon<br />
|tsurappen<br />
|yokannen<br />
|odennin<br />
|tederikkon<br />
|sonomullan<br />
|kichoaryen<br />
|-<br />
|''Sai''<br />
|jisshos<br />
|tsurappes<br />
|yokannes<br />
|odennis<br />
|tederikkos<br />
|sonomullas<br />
|kichoaryes<br />
|-<br />
|''Han''<br />
|jissho<br />
|tsurappe<br />
|yokanne<br />
|odenni<br />
|tederikko<br />
|sonomulla<br />
|kichoarye<br />
|-<br />
|''Naiin''<br />
|jisshonne<br />
|tsurappenne<br />
|yokannenne<br />
|odenninne<br />
|tederikkonne<br />
|sonomullanne<br />
|kichoaryenne<br />
|-<br />
|''Saiin''<br />
|jisshosse<br />
|tsurappesse<br />
|yokannesse<br />
|odennisse<br />
|tederikkoisse<br />
|sonomullasse<br />
|kichoaryesse<br />
|-<br />
|''Hannu''<br />
|Jisshohan<br />
|tsurappehan<br />
|yokannehan<br />
|odennihan<br />
|tederikkohan<br />
|sonomullahan<br />
|kichoaryehan<br />
|}<br />
''Example sentences''<br />
<br />
She listens to the new track. ''Han suyon kyukuu odenni.'' (她 新ᐢ 曲⸠ 聴ⲅ𖭑ᛁ.)<br />
<br />
We paint the back of the house. ''Naiin futagan odae kichoaryenne.'' (我⸠ᐢ 家ᐢ 後 塗ꓶ𖬬ⲅ𖭑ɭ.)<br />
<br />
I change my child's diaper. ''Nai mitogonne hucharii puhannen.'' (我 子ᐢ𖭑ɭ 𖬨𐐢𖬐𖬬ᛁ⸠ 変ⲅ𖭑ɭᐢ.)<br />
<br />
==== Irregular verbs ====<br />
The following verbs, as they have an alternate stem, have an apparently irregular conjugation pattern:<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|<br />
|''To go''<br />
|''To come''<br />
|''To do''<br />
|-<br />
|Pers. Pr.<br />
|'''Isu'''<br />
|'''Esu'''<br />
|'''Tesu'''<br />
|-<br />
|''Nai''<br />
|iken<br />
|eren<br />
|teken<br />
|-<br />
|''Sai''<br />
|ikes<br />
|eres<br />
|tekes<br />
|-<br />
|''Han''<br />
|ike<br />
|ere<br />
|teke<br />
|-<br />
|''Naiin''<br />
|ikenne<br />
|erenne<br />
|tekenne<br />
|-<br />
|''Saiin''<br />
|ikesse<br />
|eresse<br />
|tekesse<br />
|-<br />
|''Hannu''<br />
|ikehan<br />
|erehan<br />
|tekehan<br />
|}<br />
=== Negative stem ===<br />
By changing part of the verb suffix, you can create the negative form of the verb.<br />
<br />
Yosu (to be) verb: yonasu (add “na” (無, but usually written as 𖭑) between the stem and the ending). This suffix tends to be in the closest position to the verb stem (weak stem if applicable), before other aspect suffixes. However in certain context, to emphatise a particular nuance in the speech, the order can be changed. <br />
<br />
Examples: <br />
<br />
I sleep: Nai luman; I don't sleep: Nai lumanan - I can sleep: Nai lumadan; I can't sleep: Nai luma'''na'''dan or Nai lumada'''na'''n (the previous form is preferred)<br />
<br />
==== Group 1: ====<br />
Tashidosu > tashitonasu (tashitonan, tashitonas, tashitona…)<br />
<br />
Rihtasu > Rihtanasu (rihtanan, rihtanas, rihtana...)<br />
<br />
Rigusu > Rikunasu (rikunan, rikunas, rikuna…)<br />
<br />
==== Group 2 ====<br />
Eisu > Einasu (einan, einas, eina…)<br />
<br />
Seosu > Seonasu (seonan, seonas, seona…)<br />
<br />
Muiyasu > Muiyanasu (muiyanan, muiyanas, muiyana....)<br />
<br />
Rule: for both groups 1 and 2 verbs, to create the negative stem, just add “na” before the -su ending, and conjugate the new verb as a group 1 verb.<br />
<br />
==== Group 3 ====<br />
Jissu > Jisanasu (jisanan, jisanas, jisana…)<br />
<br />
Tehossu > Tehosanasu (tehosanan, tehosanas, tehosana)<br />
<br />
Tsurahsu> Tsurahnasu (tsurahnan, tsurahnas, tsurahna...)<br />
<br />
Muppuhsu> Muppuhnasu (muppuhnan, muppuhnas, muppuhna…)<br />
<br />
Yokansu > Yokannasu (yokannan, yokannas, yokanna...)<br />
<br />
Chozinsu > Chozinnasu (choziwanan, choziwanas, choziwana…)<br />
<br />
Tederiksu > Tederīnasu (tederīnan, tederīnas, tederīna…)<br />
<br />
Bakkomaksu > Bakkomānasu (bakkomānan, bakkomānas, bakkomāna…)<br />
<br />
Sonomulsu > Sonomūnasu (sonomūnan, sonomūnas, sonomūna…)<br />
<br />
Nyukilsu > Nyukīnasu (nyukīnan, nyukīnas, nyukīna…)<br />
<br />
Kichoarsu > Kichoānasu (kichoānan, kichoānas, kichoāna...)<br />
<br />
Otarsu > Otānasu (otānan, otānas, otāna…)<br />
<br />
<br />
See here the rule in detail:<br />
<br />
- ssu verbs: insert “ana” between the -s ending stem and the -su suffix. In this case, the negative infix is always “ana”, regardless of the last stem vowel<br />
<br />
- hsu verbs: just add “na” between h and -su suffix.<br />
<br />
- nsu verbs: just add “na” between n and -su suffix<br />
<br />
-ksu/lsu/rsu verbs: remove k/l/r, prolong the previous vowel and add “na” before the -su suffix<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
| colspan="2" |'''Verb group'''<br />
|'''Negative particle'''<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="2" |''Group 1''<br />
|na (𖭑)<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="2" |''Group 2''<br />
|na (𖭑)<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="4" |''Group 3''<br />
|<nowiki>-ssu verbs</nowiki><br />
|ana (𖬮𖭑)<br />
|-<br />
|<nowiki>- hsu verbs</nowiki><br />
|na (𖭑)<br />
|-<br />
|<nowiki>- nsu verbs</nowiki><br />
|na (𖭑)<br />
|-<br />
|<nowiki>- ksu/lsu/rsu verbs</nowiki><br />
|long vowel + na (⸠𖭑)<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Conjunctions ==<br />
Being Izaki an agglutinative language, most of the conjunctions tend to be enclitic particles or suffixes directly attached after nouns and verbs.<br />
<br />
=== Coordinating conjunctions ===<br />
Coordinating conjunctions connect words which are the same grammatical type, e.g. words, phrases, clauses. The most common ones are and, or, but.<br />
* ''Ta (𖬁)'' - and<br />
<br />
I like rice and fish. ''Nakai konu ta miwee shintaha.'' (𖭑𖬭꜉ 米 𖬁 魚 好𖬨.)<br />
<br />
* ''Konae (或𖭑'ɭ)'' - or<br />
<br />
Do you want tea or coffee? (tea or coffee, which one do you desire?) ''Cha konae kofi, sone pinnaraska?'' (茶 或𖭑'ɭ 珈琲, 𖬖ᐤ𖭑ɭ 望𖬬ᒢ𖬭?)<br />
<br />
* ''Estin (𖬮ɭᒢ𖬁ᛁᐢ)'' - when<br />
<br />
When is your birthday? ''Oryukatose estin (yo)ka? ()''<br />
<br />
* ''Baki'' (𖬇𖬰𖬭ᛁ) - but<br />
<br />
I can speak Izaki but I can not speak Angerish. ''Izakigō rihtamin baki angerigō rihtaminan''. (華那語𐐞 話可𐐊 但 𐐀𐐊ꓙ𐐠𐐁𐐂𐐓語𐐞 話可無𐐊.)<br />
<br />
* ''Tokkai'' (𖬁ᐤ𖬘𖬳'ᛁ) - although<br />
<br />
Although she had arrived late, there was nobody. ''Han naronke kati tokkai, nagahen yonai. (𖬨ᐢ 晩ᐢ𖬭ɭ 着𖬁ᛁ 𖬁ᐤ𖬘𖬳'ᛁ, 誰𖬨ɭᐢ ꓩ𖬮𖭑꜉.)''<br />
<br />
=== Subordinating conjunctions ===<br />
A subordinating conjunction is a word or phrase that links a dependent clause to an independent clause.<br />
* ''Waste (𐩬𖬮ᒢ𖬁ɭ)'' - because <br />
<br />
Because there are too many people here, let's go to another place. ''Tochi tamatoha tasugureha waste, uren tolor iketān.'' (此𖬐ᛁ 人𖬨 多過𖬬ɭ𖬨 故ᒢ𖬁ɭ, 別ᐢ 所ᣗ 行𖬭ɭ𖬁⸠ᐢ.)<br />
<br />
* ''Nade (𖭑𖬒𖬰ɭ)'' - whenever<br />
<br />
Whenever I am in Warohan I always get a fresh pineapple juice. ''Nai Warohannas yon nade, estinden karusugushirū moansen<sup>1</sup>''. (𖭑꜉ 深灣𖭑''ᒢ'' ꓩ𖬮ᐢ 𖭑𖬒𖬰ɭ, 𖬮ɭᒢ𖬁ᛁᐢ𖬒𖬰ɭᐢ 松檎汁⸠ 買ᐢ𖬖ɭᐢ.)<br />
<br />
<sup>1</sup> ''sen'': emphatic particle added after verbs with nuance of exclamation<br />
<br />
== Demonstratives ==<br />
In Izaki language there are three main relationships, marked by a theme (singular / plural): <br />
<br />
# Close to the speaker: “to” (𖬁ᐤ) / “toi” (𖬁ᐤᛁ)<br />
# Close to the listener: “so” (𖬖ᐤ) / “soi” (𖬖ᐤᛁ)<br />
# Far from both the speaker and the listener: “cho” (𖬐ᐤ) / “choi” (𖬐ᐤᛁ)<br />
<br />
<br />
The pronominal form (so, when a noun follows) , the demonstrative marker is followed by the suffix -na:<br />
{|<br />
|This is a cat.<br />
''Tona shinna yo.''<br />
<br />
𖬁ᐤ𖭑 猫 ꓩ𖬮.<br />
|Sona teshiki<br />
''That’s difficult.''<br />
<br />
𖬖ᐤ𖭑 難𖬭ᛁ.<br />
|That (one) is my friend. <br />
''Chona teikaoni yo.''<br />
<br />
𖬐ᐤ𖭑 友𖭑ᛁ ꓩ𖬮.<br />
|-<br />
|These are cats<br />
''Toina shinnān yohan.''<br />
<br />
𖬁ᐤᛁ𖭑 猫⸠ᐢ ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ.<br />
|Those are difficult<br />
''Soina teshikihan.''<br />
<br />
𖬖ᐤᛁ𖭑 難𖬭ᛁ𖬨ᐢ.<br />
|Those (ones) are my friends.<br />
''Choina teikaōnni yohan.''<br />
<br />
𖬐ᐤᛁ𖭑 友⸠ⲅ𖭑ᛁ ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
The adjectival form instead is attached at the ending of the word:<br />
{|<br />
|This cat is white.<br />
''Shinnato chara.''<br />
<br />
猫𖬁ᐤ 白.<br />
|That pencil is mine.<br />
''Enpisso naiyo yora.''<br />
<br />
鉛筆𖬖ᐤ 𖭑꜉ꓩ𖬮 ꓩ𖬮𖬬.<br />
|That friend lives in Riyatoma.<br />
''Teikaocho Riyatomas paera.''<br />
<br />
友𖬐ᐤ <bdi>追庥ᒢ</bdi> 住𖬬.<br />
|-<br />
|These cats are white.<br />
''Shinnaāntoi charahan.''<br />
<br />
猫⸠ᐢ𖬁ᐤᛁ 白𖬨ᐢ.<br />
|Those pencils are mine.<br />
''Enpisshisoi naiyo yorahan.''<br />
<br />
鉛筆𖬖ᐤᛁ 𖭑꜉ꓩ𖬮 ꓩ𖬮𖬬𖬨ᐢ.<br />
|Those friends live in Riyatoma.<br />
''Teikaōnchoi Riyatomas paerahan.''<br />
<br />
友⸠ᐢ𖬐ᐤᛁ <bdi>追庥ᒢ</bdi> 住𖬬𖬨ᐢ.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Numerals ==<br />
===Cardinal numbers===<br />
Izaki language has two different numeral system: the native one, and the Bai-derived one.<br />
;Legend<br />
* Sūzhi (數字) - number<br />
* Kundoku (訓讀) - "kun" reading (indigenous reading prior to the Bai contamination, still used in many contexts)<br />
* Ēndoku (音讀) - "ēn" (Bai) reading (introduced in the 3rd century with the Bai characters, and main way of counting)<br />
* Daipo - shortened form (used when making compounds and with element counters that require the kun reading)<br />
* Byakuzhi (百字) - Ideogram (some numbers have more than one form)<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Sūzhi<br />
!Kundoku<br />
!Ēndoku<br />
!Daipo<br />
!Byakuzhi<br />
|-<br />
|0<br />
|dzèro / janna<br />
|ryen<br />
|<nowiki>-</nowiki><br />
|零<br />
|-<br />
|1<br />
|hatta<br />
|is<br />
|han-<br />
|壱/一<br />
|-<br />
|2<br />
|kana<br />
|ni<br />
|kan-<br />
|弐/二<br />
|-<br />
|3<br />
|shobe<br />
|san<br />
|sho-<br />
|参/三<br />
|-<br />
|4<br />
|tās<br />
|tsi<br />
|tās-<br />
|四<br />
|-<br />
|5<br />
|oriba<br />
|yo<br />
|ori-<br />
|五<br />
|-<br />
|6<br />
|tsonaha<br />
|nuku<br />
|tson-<br />
|六<br />
|-<br />
|7<br />
|doigi<br />
|chis<br />
|doi-<br />
|七<br />
|-<br />
|8<br />
|yeison<br />
|pas<br />
|yei-<br />
|八<br />
|-<br />
|9<br />
|taguken<br />
|ku<br />
|tak-/-taken<br />
|九<br />
|-<br />
|10<br />
|kiba<br />
|shū<br />
|kin-<br />
|拾/十<br />
|-<br />
|11<br />
|kinnan<br />
|shūis<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|12<br />
|kinkan<br />
|shūni<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|13<br />
|kinsho<br />
|shūsan<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|14<br />
|kintās<br />
|shūtsi<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|15<br />
|kinnori<br />
|shūyo<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|16<br />
|kintson<br />
|shūnuku<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|17<br />
|kindoi<br />
|shūchis<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|18<br />
|kinnyei<br />
|shūpas<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|19<br />
|kintaken<br />
|shūku<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|20<br />
|kankiba<br />
|nishū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|30<br />
|shokiba<br />
|sanshū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|40<br />
|tāskiba<br />
|tsishū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|50<br />
|orikiba<br />
|yoshū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|60<br />
|tsonkiba<br />
|nukushū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|70<br />
|doikiba<br />
|chisshū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|80<br />
|yeikiba<br />
|passhū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|90<br />
|takkiba<br />
|kushū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|100<br />
|rae<br />
|pyaku<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|532<br />
|ollaeshokibakan<br />
|yopyakusanshūni<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|1000<br />
|kitua<br />
|sen<br />
|kitu<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|8726<br />
|yeikitudoiraekankibatson<br />
|passenchispyaku-nishūnuku<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|10000<br />
| -<br />
|man<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|524.998<br />
| -<br />
|yoshūniman-passenkupyaku-kushūpas<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Ordinal numbers===<br />
There are two ways of making ordinal numbers:<br />
# Prefix 第~ (zhei)<br />
# Suffix ~番 (ban, or pan if the previous number ends by consonant)<br />
<br />
'Examples':<br />
* 第三回 Zheisanhwi (the third time)<br />
* 17番 Shūchispan (17th)<br />
<br />
=== Object counters ===<br />
<br />
To count specific object or people, special classificators have to be used together with a numbering system. Some of them prefer native Izaki numbers (shortened form) while some others prefer the Bai numerals. There is no rule, so it comes easier to rember each of them. <br />
<br />
;Main counters working with native numerals<br />
<br />
*Animals: nau 獣/𖭑'𐐢<br />
*Inanimate objects: gi 𖬭𖬰ᛁ<br />
*Plants: tare 植/𖬁𖬬ɭ<br />
*People: ri 人<br />
*Machines: ki 機<br />
*Books: tsul 冊/𖬑𐐢ᐡ<br />
*Drinks and cups: chae 杯<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Number<br />
!Animals<br />
!In. Obj.<br />
!People<br />
!Machine<br />
!Books<br />
!Drinks<br />
|-<br />
|1<br />
|hannau<br />
|hangi<br />
|hanli<br />
|hanki<br />
|hantsul<br />
|hanchae<br />
|-<br />
|2<br />
|kannau<br />
|kangi<br />
|kanli<br />
|kanki<br />
|kantsul<br />
|kanchae<br />
|-<br />
|3<br />
|shonau<br />
|shogi<br />
|shori<br />
|shoki<br />
|shotsuk<br />
|shochae<br />
|-<br />
|4<br />
|tāsnau<br />
|tāski<br />
|tāsli<br />
|tāski<br />
|tāhsul<br />
|tāschae<br />
|-<br />
|5<br />
|orinau<br />
|origi<br />
|oriri<br />
|oriki<br />
|oritsul<br />
|orichae<br />
|-<br />
|6<br />
|tsonnau<br />
|tsonaki<br />
|tsonari<br />
|tsonaki<br />
|tsonatsul<br />
|tsonachae<br />
|-<br />
|7<br />
|doinau<br />
|doiki<br />
|doiri<br />
|doiki<br />
|doitsul<br />
|doichae<br />
|-<br />
|8<br />
|yeinau<br />
|yeiki<br />
|yeiri<br />
|yeiki<br />
|yeitsul<br />
|yeichae<br />
|-<br />
|9<br />
|tannau<br />
|takki<br />
|tanli<br />
|takki<br />
|tahtsul<br />
|tacchae<br />
|-<br />
|10<br />
|kinnau<br />
|kinki<br />
|kinli<br />
|kinki<br />
|kintsul<br />
|kinchae<br />
|-<br />
|11<br />
|shūinnau<br />
|shūiski<br />
|shūisli<br />
|shūiski<br />
|shūihsul<br />
|shūischae<br />
|}<br />
<br />
;Main counters working with Bai numerals<br />
<br />
* Times: hwi 回<br />
* Floors (in a building): sūn 層<br />
* Degrees: do 度<br />
* Number of days: nis 日<br />
* Flat objects: chān 張<br />
* Cylindrical objects, trains, movies: pon 本 <br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|Number<br />
|Times<br />
|Floors<br />
|Degrees<br />
|Days<br />
|Flat objects<br />
|Cylindric objects<br />
|-<br />
|1<br />
|isshwi<br />
|issūn<br />
|isto<br />
|isnis<br />
|ischān <br />
|ispon<br />
|-<br />
|2<br />
|nihwi<br />
|nisūn<br />
|nido<br />
|ninis<br />
|nichān <br />
|nipon<br />
|-<br />
|3<br />
|sanhwi<br />
|sansūn<br />
|sando<br />
|sannis<br />
|sanchān <br />
|sanbon<br />
|-<br />
|4<br />
|tsihwi<br />
|tsisūn<br />
|tsido<br />
|tsinis<br />
|tsichān <br />
|tsipon<br />
|-<br />
|5<br />
|yohwi<br />
|yosūn<br />
|yodo<br />
|yonis<br />
|yochān <br />
|yopon<br />
|-<br />
|6<br />
|nukkwi<br />
|nukusūn<br />
|nukudo<br />
|nukunis<br />
|nukuchān <br />
|nukupon<br />
|-<br />
|7<br />
|chisshwi<br />
|chissūn<br />
|chisto<br />
|chisnis<br />
|chischān <br />
|chispon<br />
|-<br />
|8<br />
|passhwi<br />
|passūn<br />
|pasto<br />
|pasnis<br />
|paschān <br />
|paspon<br />
|-<br />
|9<br />
|kuhwi<br />
|kusūn<br />
|kudo<br />
|kunis<br />
|kuchān <br />
|kupon<br />
|-<br />
|10<br />
|shūhwi<br />
|shūsūn<br />
|shūdo<br />
|shūnis<br />
|shūchān <br />
|shūpon<br />
|-<br />
|11<br />
|shūisshwi<br />
|shūissūn<br />
|shūisto<br />
|shūisnis<br />
|shūischān <br />
|shūispon<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Dates ===<br />
Typically the order for dates is YYYY-MM-DD. Dates are formulated with the number followed by 年(nyen), 月 (wes), 日 (nis). The numeral takes the Bai reading.<br />
<br />
* 1958年3月21日 : Senkupyakuyoshūpasnyen Sannwes Nishūisnis <br />
* 2023年6月10日: Nisennishūsannen Nukuwes Shūnis<br />
<br />
==== Days of the month====<br />
Days of the month also have an Izaki native form with the pure numerals (with some irregularities) tsofollowed by (日 / ka) until day 10 (after which, the Bay version takes over. When dates are complete (YYYY-MM-DD) the Bai reading is used, while the Izaki reading prevails when we need to mention just the day of the month in the middle of a conversation.<br />
<br />
* 1日 hanaka<br />
* 2日 kanaka<br />
* 3日 shobeka<br />
* 4日 tāska<br />
* 5日 oryeka<br />
* 6日 tsonahka<br />
* 7日 doikka / doigika<br />
* 8日 yeisonka<br />
* 9日 takugenka / tōkenka<br />
* 10日 kibaka<br />
<br />
==== Weekdays====<br />
* Monday: 月曜日 wesshonis<br />
* Tuesday: 火曜日 hayonis<br />
* Wednesday: 週中日 chujunis<br />
* Thursday: 木曜日 mukuyonis<br />
* Friday: 金曜日 kinnyonis<br />
* Saturday: 土曜日 toyonis<br />
* Sunday: 日曜日 nisshonis<br />
<br />
==== Months====<br />
In Izaki there are two versions to call the months: the Bai-imported one (the most used one), and the native Izaki one.<br />
<br />
;Bai Months<br />
* January: 一月 isswes<br />
* February: 二月 niwes<br />
* March: 三月 sannwes<br />
* April: 四月 tsiwes<br />
* May: 五月 yowes<br />
* June: 六月 nukuwes<br />
* July: 七月 chisswes<br />
* August: 八月 passwes<br />
* September: 九月 kuwes<br />
* October: 十月 shūwes<br />
* November: 十一月 shūisswes<br />
* December: 十二月 shūniwes<br />
<br />
==Adjectives==<br />
<br />
Adjectives in the Izaki language are essential for describing and modifying nouns. They can be categorized into two main groups: Verbal adjectives and substantive adjectives, each with its unique usage and conjugation rules.<br />
<br />
===Verbal Adjectives===<br />
Verbal adjectives in Izaki incorporate the copula within themselves, making them self-sufficient in sentences. These adjectives have their conjugation system and typically end with the suffix "na," which is always written in askaoza script. Here are some examples:<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+ Some adjectives and their opposites<br />
! Izaki!! Ingerish !! Izaki !! Ingerish <br />
|-<br />
| tepana || good || zushina || bad<br />
|-<br />
| rihana || tall || sosana || short<br />
|-<br />
| nuskana || wide || hyakona || narrow<br />
|-<br />
| kakuina || small || ōdana || large<br />
|-<br />
| pakkuna || red || || <br />
|-<br />
| satsona || blue || || <br />
|-<br />
| asatsana || difficult || issana || easy<br />
|-<br />
| nahana || beautiful || egutana || ugly<br />
|}<br />
<br />
When used in the predicative form, such as in sentences like "The house is big," these adjectives are placed at the end of the sentence, replacing the verb. The "na" suffix is removed, and additional suffixes, if required, can be added. For example:<br />
<br />
* ''The house is big (informal speech):'' Futaka ōda.<br />
* ''The house is big (formal speech):'' Futaka ōdara.<br />
<br />
Here, it's essential to conjugate the adjective according to the number and relationship of the subject:<br />
<br />
* ''I am tall:'' Nai rihan. (𖭑ᐟ𖭐 高ᐢ)<br />
* ''You are fast:'' Sai jakus. (𖬖ᐟ𖭐 速ᒢ)<br />
* ''Are we good?'' Naiha tepanneka? (𖭑ᐟ𖭐 良フ𖭑ɭ𖬭)<br />
* ''Those are cheap:'' Hannu waruhan. (𖬨フ𖭑𐐢 廉𖬨ᐢ)<br />
* ''The houses are big:'' Futakān ōdarahan. (舎։ᐢ 大𖬬𖬨ᐢ)<br />
<br />
However, ofter in informal spoken Izaki, it is possible to conjugate the adjective into the third singular person (which means, just dropping "na") even with plural nouns. <br />
<br />
Eg: The mountains are beautiful: ''Samōn naha'' (山։ᐢ 美)<br />
<br />
=== Substantival adjectives ===<br />
Substantival adjectives, on the other hand, require a verb to follow them when used in sentences. They don't incorporate the copula within themselves like verbal adjectives do.<br />
Usually, these adjectives are based on Bai compound words (so, to be read with "on" reading). Here are some examples:<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! Izaki !! Reading !! English<br />
|-<br />
| 簡単𖭑<br />
| kantanna<br />
| easy<br />
|-<br />
| 複雑𖭑<br />
| pukuzhasna<br />
| complicated<br />
|-<br />
| 便利𖭑<br />
| bīnlina<br />
| convenient<br />
|-<br />
| 不便𖭑 <br />
| fubīnna<br />
| inconvenient<br />
|-<br />
| 有名𖭑<br />
| yumeina || famous<br />
|-<br />
| 親切𖭑<br />
| shinsesna || kind<br />
|-<br />
| 不親切𖭑<br />
| fushinsesna || unkind<br />
|-<br />
| 人気𖭑<br />
| zhinkina || popular<br />
|-<br />
| 可能𖭑 <br />
| kanōnna<br />
| possible<br />
|-<br />
| 無理𖭑<br />
| murina<br />
| impossible<br />
|-<br />
| 大事𖭑<br />
| daishina<br />
| important<br />
|-<br />
| 些細𖭑 <br />
| sasaena<br />
| unimportant<br />
|-<br />
| 十分𖭑 <br />
| shūpunna<br />
| sufficient<br />
|-<br />
| 不足𖭑 <br />
| fusokuna<br />
| insufficient<br />
|}<br />
<br />
When in predicative tense, these adjectives need the verb "yosu" (to be) at their end.<br />
<br />
Eg. Your excuses are not sufficient. ''Ihisoīnse fusoku yorahan'' (事訳։ᐢ𖬖ɭ 不足 ꓩ𖬮𖬬𖬨ᐢ)<br />
<br />
==== Attributive Form ====<br />
When an adjective functions as a specifier for a noun, rather than as the predicate, it takes on an attributive form. In the present tense, this is done by adding a "-n" after the adjective stem. <br />
<br />
In the case of a plural noun, the suffix will be "-han." For example:<br />
<br />
* ''A fast train:'' Jakun dyensha.<br />
* ''A tall person:'' Rihan tamato.<br />
* ''A beautiful scenery:'' Nahan pūnkei.<br />
* ''A pretty expensive car:'' Sorei shumun zhidōnsha.<br />
* ''Good boys:'' Tepahan sertōn.<br />
<br />
Mastering adjectives in Izaki is crucial for effective communication and expression in this unique and beautiful language. <br />
<br />
Understanding the differences between verbal and substantival adjectives, as well as how adverbs can modify their meanings, is essential for fluency. <br />
<br />
Additionally, the attributive form allows for rich and descriptive expressions when specifying nouns.<br />
<br />
===Comparative and Superlative forms===<br />
Adjectives in comparative and superlative forms are used to compare and contrast the qualities or characteristics of nouns. <br />
<br />
The comparative form of an adjective is used to compare two or more nouns, indicating which one has a higher or lower degree of the quality described by the adjective.<br />
<br />
Examples:<br />
* She is taller than him. ''Hanno hanenti rihaebe'' (𖬨ᐢ女 𖬨𖭑ɭᐢ𖬣𖭐 高𖬒ɭ𖬡𖬰ɭ)<br />
* This book is more interesting than that one. ''Kinotso tsultsounti huunminakoube'' (冊𖬑ᐤ 冊𖬑ᐤ𖬒𐐢ᐢ𖬣𖭐 興味喚𐐢𖬡𖬰ɭ)<br />
<br />
The superlative form of an adjective is used to indicate the highest or lowest degree of the quality described by the adjective within a group or among all possibilities.<br />
<br />
Examples:<br />
* Mount Torahashi is the tallest mountain in Izaland. ''Torahashisan Izakin rihajin samo yora.'' (斗砢跖山 華邦ᐢ 高𖬥𖬰𖭐ᐢ 山 ꓩ𖬮𖬬.)<br />
* She is the most talented musician in the group. ''Hanno runomen yusainoonnajin onlakka yora'' (𖬨ᐢ女 団ᐢ 有才能𖭑𖬥𖬰𖭐ᐢ 音楽家 ꓩ𖬮𖬬)<br />
<br />
==Adverbs==<br />
<br />
In Izaki, adverbs play a significant role in modifying the meaning of adjectives and verbs. Here are some common adverbs in Izaki:<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+ Adverbial Modifiers in Izaki Language<br />
! Adverbial Modifier !! Izaki Term !! Example Sentences<br />
|-<br />
| Not particularly, not too much || nehkeu (𖭑ɭᐪ𖬭ɭ𐐢)<sup>1</sup> || This camera is not so good: ''Kamerata nehkeu tepana.''<br>His dog is not too heavy: ''Tentohe nehkeu dayana''.<br />
|-<br />
| Quite, pretty much || sorei (𖬖ᐤ𖬬ᥫ) || Sainđaul is quite expensive: ''Sainđaul sorei shumu''.<br>She is pretty tall: ''Hara shinchān sorei riha''.<br />
|-<br />
| A little, slightly || yaki (𝖩𖬮𖬭𖭐) || This PC is a bit slow: ''Dyennautso yaki naro''.<br />
|-<br />
| Really, absolutely || kelleri (𖬭ɭフ𖬈ɭ𖬬𖭐) || You are really beautiful: ''Sai kelleri nahas''.<br>We are really sorry: ''Nahu kelleri achaikanne''.<br />
|-<br />
| Extremely, notably || pisānnan (非常𖭑ᐢ) || This is an extremely difficult problem: ''Tsona pisānnan teshikin munðai yora''.<br />
|}<br />
* <sup>1</sup>: often used with negative form</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=Association_of_South_Ulethan_Nations&diff=23050Association of South Ulethan Nations2024-03-22T15:08:32Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: /* Economy & Finance */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox geopolitical organization<br />
|name = Association of South Ulethan Nations<br />
|native_name = <br />
|org_type = Regional intergovernmental organization<br />
|image_flag = ASUN_flag.svg<br />
|image_symbol = ASUN_logo.png<br />
|image_map = ASUN_map.svg<br />
|admin_center = Hanif<br>Osianopoli<br>Portat e Arta<br />
|members = {{Collapse|<br />
'''17 member states'''<br />
* {{Aden}}<br />
* [[Almahrus]]<br />
* {{Antharia}}<br />
* [[Arion]]<br />
* {{Castellan}}<br />
* {{Demirhan Empire}}<br />
* {{Kalkara}}<br />
* {{Larcetany}}<br />
* {{Malesoria}}<br />
* {{Mazan}}<br />
* {{Mitras}}<br />
* {{Navenna}}<br />
* [[Niscavo]]<br />
* {{Plevia}}<br />
* [[Pretannia]]<br />
* {{Qennes}}<br />
* {{Selonia and Flamain}}<br />
'''2 partner entities'''<br />
* [[Egalian Union]]<br />
* {{Mauretia}}<br />
'''8 observer entities'''<br />
* [[Antarephian Coalition]]<br />
* {{Alora}}<br />
* [[Chara]] (constituent entity of {{Suria}})<br />
* [[Egani]]<br />
* [[Gaskús]] (constituent entity of [[Ruoguovvás]])<br />
* {{Geklinia-Dregolesia}}<br />
* {{Iscu}}<br />
* {{Izaland}}<br />
* {{Kara}}<br />
}}<br />
|languages = Castellanese, Ingerish, Mazanic, Plevian, Turquese<br />
|leader_title1 = Secretary General<br />
|leader_name1 = Abdullah Al Arsami<br />
|leader_title2 = President of the Committee of Ministers<br />
|leader_name2 = Paltena Kalias<br />
|leader_title3 = Speaker of the Interparliamentary Assembly<br />
|leader_name3 = Kabiri Mustafa Paşa<br />
|population_estimate = <br />
|population_estimate_year = 2021<br />
|timezone = WUT +3 to +5<br />
|legislature = Interparliamentary Assembly<br />
}}<br />
<br />
The '''Association of South Ulethan Nations''' (Castellanese: ''Asociación de Naciones del Sur de Uleta''; Mazanic: ''جمعية دول جنوب ليثان''; Plevian: ''Associazione delle Nazioni dell'Ulezia Meridionale''; Turquese: ''Güney Uleta Milletler Birliği''), better known by its Ingerish acronym '''ASUN''', is a regional intergovernmental organization in Uletha. The organization was formally established on the 15th of March 1961, with the goal of promoting peace and security, economic cooperation and prosperity, and social and cultural development. The organization has its roots in various treaties between states in the Mediterranean and Iviran Coast regions of Uletha, but has since expanded its scope significantly with a number of permanent institutions all over South Uletha. <br />
<br />
The most important statutory bodies of ASUN include the ''Secretariat of the Association of South Ulethan Nations'' headed by the Secretary General, the ''Committee of Ministers'' which comprises the foreign ministers from each member state, the ''Interparliamentary Assembly'' which comprises national parliamentarians from all member states, and the ''South Ulethan Court of Fundamental Rights''. ASUN cannot make binding laws, but it has the power to enforce international conventions and treaties ratified by ASUN member states.<br />
==History==<br />
===Origins===<br />
The region where ASUN is active is a cultural crossroad between Romatia, Turquan Uletha and Ghetoria. The founding member states of ASUN were united not only by their geographical proximity and diplomatic ties, but also a shared history of trade and cultural exchange. Ambitions of greater unity among the states of South Uletha have existed for most of the 20th century, with varying impact across countries. These ambitions have been partially attributed to a fear of [[Suria|Surian]] expansionism and the spread of communist revolutions in Uletha. In the aftermath of the Great War, much of Egalia had entered into Suria's sphere of influence. As a consequence, the post-war period saw several attempts at further integration among many capitalist states south of Suria, to form a united front against communism. Most of these attempts were short-lived due to due to a lack of political consensus among states of the region and a disinterest of many West Ulethan powers to partake in these organizations. A few saw success; among these was the ''Mediterranean Free Trade Area'' (''MEDIFTA'') founded in 1952. While only a trade bloc for most of its short history, it lay the foundations of cooperation amongst the states of the Mediterranean. MEDIFTA would later evolve into the ''Mediterranean Community for Security and Prosperity'' (''MCSP''), founded in 1956 by the member states of MEDIFTA. The Iviran Coast would see a similar development during that period, with increasing cooperation between the states facing both Suria in the north and the [[Demirhan Empire]] in the south.<br />
<br />
===Founding===<br />
On the 15th of March 1961, the Association of South Ulethan Nations was officially created through the Osianopoli Declaration and the ratification of the Association of South Ulethan Nations Foundational Statute (ASUNFS), signed by the foreign ministers of the founding member states. In addition to the core institutions of the organization, the declaration outlined the framework of a future South Ulethan defensive pact; the final form of which had yet to be agreed upon by the founding members. While the MCSP would be declared defunct and its institutions repurposed for ASUN immediately after its dissolution, MEDIFTA would continue to exist as a separate organization until 1986 when it would be fully integrated into ASUN as a plurilateral agreement.<br />
<br />
Following the Social Crisis of 1964 in Suria and the founding of the [[Assembly of Nations]] in 1966, the tense diplomatic climate in Southwestern Uletha would de-escalate. The new geopolitical reality of Uletha would mean that ASUN's original plans for a common defence policy would never be realized. Instead, the scope of the organization would shift to focus on economic and social issues rather than safety and defence.<br />
<br />
==Aims==<br />
ASUN is founded on four principles that outline the aims of the organization:<br />
* Promote peace, security and stability in the region through the renunciation of threat or use of force and the settlement of disputes through peaceful manners.<br />
* Developing prosperous and resilient economies through sustainable economic growth and economic competitiveness, free and fair trade, and increased economic integration.<br />
* Promote scientific and technological progress through collaboration in the fields of education, training and research.<br />
* Promote social progress and cultural development in order to strengthen equality and cherish the unique cultural heritage of the community.<br />
<br />
ASUN has its own legislative and executive powers through its institutions; these powers are independent and subordinate to the national legislatures and governments of the organization's member states. Therefore, ASUN cannot make binding laws and enforce them independently of its member states. Instead, member states commit themselves to common goals, political decisions and policies through the use of treaties, conventions and agreements developed and agreed upon by all member states through the institutions of ASUN. ASUN can be seen as a platform through which members discuss, shape and implement international law. ASUN has the power to enforce international conventions and treaties ratified by ASUN member states. In many cases, common political decisions and policies are agreed upon through deliberation and implemented on a national level only, in which case ASUN has no power to enforce those policies.<br />
<br />
ASUN has been described by political scientists as having an "incrementalist agenda"; while ASUN has a number of stated goals the organization rarely implements larger goal-driven strategic plans or radical policies. Instead, ASUN follows a more problem-based methodology where smaller policy changes are implemented over time. The use of this method of working has been attributed to an ambition to avoid top-down approaches and secure consensus amongst member states. In a speech during the 1966 ASUN Summit, former President of the Committee of Ministers Alejo Durán asserted that solidarity amongst ASUN members wouldn't be achieved through "promises of radical change, but through solutions to immediate problems and concrete results". There have been notable exceptions to this, such as the plans for a South Ulethan defence pact as outlined in the Osianopoli Declaration, or the current but yet to be realized plans for the Single Ulethan Market (SUM).<br />
<br />
==Achievements==<br />
As a geopolitical entity, ASUN is sometimes regarded as a regional power in South Uletha, and holds an important role in regional and global diplomacy, politics, economy and trade. Together, the nations of ASUN make up a diverse and formidable trade bloc rivalling other regional powers of Uletha. Proponents of ASUN view the organization as a possible counterweight against other regional powers with an interest in South Uletha, such as Sathria and Suria. ASUN allows for coordination and cooperation between many smaller nations, who gain influence and leverage from their membership in ASUN as part of a larger geopolitical bloc. Critics of ASUN regard this viewpoint as unrealistic, on the grounds that ASUN lack the necessary coordination and institutions to work against powerful external interests. The de facto impact of ASUN in global politics is an ongoing subject of debate.<br />
<br />
ASUN is regarded as having an important role in the democratization process of states in South Uletha during the second half of the 20th century.<br />
<br />
==Structure==<br />
An important and unique pillar of ASUN's organization is ''asymmetrical integration'' - member states are allowed a great deal of freedom regarding which parts of the organization they wish to partake in. As a result, the obligations of each member state vary greatly depending on their degree of integration in ASUN. The structure of ASUN is very dynamic and facilitates the establishment and dissolution of institutions.<br />
<br />
ASUN consists of two types of institutions; ''official bodies'' and ''plurilateral agreements''. The official bodies make up the main structures of governance in ASUN, setting the agenda and managing the activities of the organization itself. ASUN’s plurilateral Agreements are semi-autonomous institutions organized by or in association with ASUN. Members of ASUN are not obliged to take part in partial agreements, but are encouraged to opt in on a voluntary basis. Plurilateral Agreements are in most cases funded through cost sharing by participating states. Observer and partner states are allowed to partake in any plurilateral agreement that is funded through cost sharing. Observer and partner states that ratify plurilateral agreements are considered full members of those institutions only, and are obliged to partake in the funding of those institutions. Plurilateral agreements funded by ASUN itself are only open to member states.<br />
<br />
Outside of ASUN's permanent activities through its institutions, the heads of government of all member states meet during the annual ASUN Summit to discuss current economic, political, security, and socio-cultural policy issues. The summit is usually held over the course of a few days, and the location varies from year to year. Many landmark decisions of ASUN have been developed during an ASUN Summit. ASUN is also involved in a number of partnerships with non-ASUN member states. ASUN is one of the organizers of the ''Ulethan Forum'', a pan-Ulethan summit held annually with the intention of fostering dialogue and diplomacy, building confidence and strengthening cooperation among states on the Ulethan continent. ASUN also participates in the ''Tarephia-Uletha Partnership'' (TUP), another forum which aims to foster cooperation and dialogue between the countries of Tarephia and Uletha.<br />
<br />
===Official bodies===<br />
<div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; padding: 1.5em; background: #F2F2F2; overflow: auto"><br />
<div style="float: right"><br />
{{#multimaps:<br />
| zoom = 17<br />
| height = 300px<br />
| width = 300px<br />
| center = 45.56059, 63.94210<br />
}}<br />
</div><br />
'''{{node|263975915|Secretariat (SASUN)}}'''<br><br />
''Administration and budgeting''<br><br />
Located in Osianopoli, {{Plevia}}.<br><br><br />
The Secretariat of the Association of South Ulethan Nations holds the responsibility for the strategic management, administration and budgeting of ASUN’s meetings and activities. The position of Secretary General is appointed by majority vote by the Interparliamentary Assembly for a non-renewable term of six years.<br />
</div><br />
<br><br />
<div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; padding: 1.5em; background: #F2F2F2;"><br />
'''Committee of Ministers (CMASUN)'''<br><br />
''Executive''<br><br />
Located in Hanif, {{Mazan}}.<br><br><br />
The Committee of Ministers of the Association of South Ulethan Nations is the executive body of ASUN, representing the national governments of its member states. Its members consist of the Ministers of Foreign Affairs of all member states. Its mandate includes deciding the general action and common policy of ASUN, finalizing conventions and agreements, adopting the budget submitted by the Secretariat, as well as admitting new member states in dialogue with the Interparliamentary Assembly. The Committee meets at least two times a year; additional meetings can be called when necessary. Each member state also has the opportunity to appoint a Deputy Representative, who provides permanent representation for its member state outside of the Committee’s biannual meetings.<br />
</div><br />
<br><br />
<div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; padding: 1.5em; background: #F2F2F2;"><br />
'''Interparliamentary Assembly (IAASUN)'''<br><br />
''Advisory and deliberative''<br><br />
Located in {{Castellan}}.<br><br><br />
The Interparliamentary Assembly of the Association of South Ulethan Nations is the parliamentary arm of ASUN. The overarching goal of the Interparliamentary Assembly is the dissemination of best practices and harmonization of national laws across member states. The Assembly does not have the power to make binding laws, but can help develop, recommend, implement and evaluate national legislation of member states. In addition, the Interparliamentary Assembly acts as a platform for debate for member states and holds frequent dialogues and debate sessions on any topic it chooses. The Assembly has the power to appoint the position of Secretary General and judges for the South Uletha Court of Fundamental Rights. Member states found to be in violation of ASUN’s statutes can have their delegation suspended or voting rights removed. The Assembly includes the delegations of each member states’ parliament, and seats are distributed proportionally according to country population. It is the responsibility of the member state that the delegation is representative of the national parliament. Observer and partner states also have the opportunity to send a delegation, but lack the right to vote.<br />
</div><br />
<br><br />
<div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; padding: 1.5em; background: #F2F2F2; overflow: auto"><br />
<div style="float: right"><br />
{{#multimaps:<br />
| zoom = 17<br />
| height = 300px<br />
| width = 300px<br />
| center = 39.59836, 83.75249<br />
}}<br />
</div><br />
'''Court of Fundamental Rights (SUCFR)'''<br><br />
''Judiciary''<br><br />
Located in Portat e Arta, {{Malesoria}}.<br><br><br />
The South Uletha Court of Fundamental Rights is the international court of the Association of South Ulethan Nations, whose mandate includes enforcing the contents of the Ulethan Charter of Fundamental Rights to which every member state is a party. The court has jurisdiction amongst all member states of ASUN. The court hears applications from individuals, groups, organizations or entire states and makes judgments regarding the Ulethan Charter of Fundamental Rights or any of ASUN’s optional treaties and conventions when applicable for involved parties. The court may also, upon the request of the Committee of Ministers or the Interparliamentary Assembly, issue advisory opinions regarding the interpretation of ASUN treaties and conventions. Judges are elected by majority vote by the Interparliamentary Assembly for a non-renewable eight-year term.<br />
</div><br />
<br />
===Plurilateral Agreements===<br />
====Economy & Finance====<br />
{| style="border: none; border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 1em 0; padding: 0.5em; width: 75.3%; "<br />
<br />
|- style="background: #F2F2F2; text-align: center;"<br />
| style="padding-top: 1em;" | [[File:ASUNBA.png|frameless|upright=0.5|200px]]<br />
| style="padding-top: 1em;" | [[File:ASUNBIC.png|frameless|upright=0.5|100px]]<br />
| style="padding-top: 1em;" | [[File:SUMF.png|frameless|upright=0.5]]<br />
<br />
|- style="background: #F2F2F2; text-align: center"<br />
! style="width: 25%; padding-top: 1em" | ASUN Banking Association (ASUNBA)<br />
! style="width: 25%; padding-top: 1em" | {{way|25554090|ASUN Business and Investment Council (ASUNBIC)}}<br />
! style="width: 25%; padding-top: 1em" | {{node|267567147|South Uletha Monetary Fund (SUMF)}}<br />
<br />
|- style="background: #F2F2F2; text-align: center;"<br />
| <br />
| ''ANUM Conségio Afàri é Investìmenti''<br />
| ''Fond Nomiaș ḑe Uleța Vuoță''<br />
<br />
|- style="background: #F2F2F2; text-align: center;"<br />
| Located in TBD.<br />
| Located in City of Navenna, {{Navenna}}.<br />
| Located in Malvertta, {{Qennes}}.<br />
<br />
|- style="background: #F2F2F2;"<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em; padding-left: 1.5em; padding-right: 1.5em; vertical-align: top;" | ASUNBA aims to promote the development and implementation of common payment systems, to encourage cooperation and dialogue among member banks, and to foster monetary and financial stability.<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em; padding-left: 1.5em; padding-right: 1.5em; vertical-align: top;" | Aims to strengthen economic competitiveness, ease of business among members, and promote economic cooperation through the formation of multinational networks. The Business and Investment Council works on a variety of issues related to international trade, foreign investment and sustainable economic growth.<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em; padding-left: 1.5em; padding-right: 1.5em; vertical-align: top;" | The Monetary Fund grants loans to ASUN member states for the co-financing of different projects. Projects co-financed by SUMF include the {{way|22652774|Tunnel of Lions}}, {{relation|247090|SIPRENA Barrier Project}}, Arta-Niskavo HrSR, the {{way|24262281|M2 motorway}} in Malesoria, the {{relation|365760|High Speed Railway of Plevia}}...<br />
<br />
|- style="background: #F2F2F2; text-align: center"<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em " |Ratified by [[Arion|AR]], [[Demirhan Empire|DD]], [[Kalkara|KK]], [[Malesoria|ME]], [[Navenna|NA]], [[Plevia|PL]], [[Qennes|QN]], [[Selonia and Flamain|SF]]<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em " |Ratified by [[Arion|AR]], [[Demirhan Empire|DD]], [[Kalkara|KK]], [[Malesoria|ME]], [[Navenna|NA]], [[Plevia|PL]], [[Qennes|QN]], [[Selonia and Flamain|SF]]<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em " |Ratified by [[Arion|AR]], [[Demirhan Empire|DD]], [[Kalkara|KK]], [[Malesoria|ME]], [[Navenna|NA]], [[Plevia|PL]], [[Qennes|QN]], [[Selonia and Flamain|SF]]<br />
|}<br />
<br />
====Infrastructure & Communications====<br />
<br />
{| style="border: none; border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 1em 0; padding: 0.5em; width: 100%; "<br />
<br />
|- style="background: #F2F2F2; text-align: center;"<br />
| style="padding-top: 1em;" |<br />
| style="padding-top: 1em;" | <br />
[[File:ASUNCA.png|frameless|upright=0.5|200px]]<br />
| style="padding-top: 1em;" |<br />
| style="padding-top: 1em;" |[[File:SUEC Logo.png|frameless|upright=0.5]]<br />
<br />
|- style="background: #F2F2F2; text-align: center"<br />
! style="width: 25%; padding-top: 1em" |ASUN Agency for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries (ASUNMAF)<br />
! style="width: 25%; padding-top: 1em" |{{way|30469267|ASUN Cosmic Agency (ASUNCA)}}<br />
! style="width: 25%; padding-top: 1em" |South Uletha Agency for Infrastructure and Transport (SUAIT)<br />
! style="width: 25%; padding-top: 1em" |South Ulethan Energy Center (SUEC)<br />
<br />
|- style="background: #F2F2F2; text-align: center;"<br />
|Located in San Openġ, {{Kalkara}}.<br />
|Located in Tarsınar, {{Demirhan Empire}}.<br />
|Located in TBD.<br />
|Located in TBD.<br />
<br />
|- style="background: #F2F2F2;"<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em; padding-left: 1.5em; padding-right: 1.5em; vertical-align: top;" |Its mandate includes international shipping, cooperation between port authorities, maritime resources and fishing rights.<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em; padding-left: 1.5em; padding-right: 1.5em; vertical-align: top;" |Its mandate includes space travel, research and exploration. Owns a {{way|28825931|cosmodrome}} in [[Demirhan Tarephian Khedivate]].<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em; padding-left: 1.5em; padding-right: 1.5em; vertical-align: top;" |Aims to identify important transport corridors, coordinate the planning and construction of trunk roads, railways, seaports, traffic management systems, telecommunications and energy networks.<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em; padding-left: 1.5em; padding-right: 1.5em; vertical-align: top;" |Aims to work towards sustainability and self-sufficiency in the energy sector, and increase the integration of national energy systems across member states.<br />
<br />
|- style="background: #F2F2F2; text-align: center"<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em " |Ratified by [[Arion|AR]], [[Demirhan Empire|DD]], [[Larcetany|EL]], [[Kalkara|KK]], [[Malesoria|ME]], [[Navenna|NA]], [[Plevia|PL]], [[Qennes|QN]]<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em " |Ratified by [[Demirhan Empire|DD]], [[Kalkara|KK]], [[Malesoria|ME]], [[Navenna|NA]], [[Qennes|QN]]<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em " |Ratified by [[Arion|AR]], [[Demirhan Empire|DD]], [[Kalkara|KK]], [[Malesoria|ME]], [[Mauretia|MM]], [[Navenna|NA]], [[Plevia|PL]], [[Qennes|QN]], [[Selonia and Flamain|SF]]<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em " |Ratified by [[Malesoria|ME]], [[Navenna|NA]], [[Plevia|PL]], [[Qennes|QN]], [[Selonia and Flamain|SF]]<br />
|}<br />
<br />
====Health, Technology & Research====<br />
<br />
{| style="border: none; border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 1em 0; padding: 0.5em; width: 100%; "<br />
<br />
|- style="background: #F2F2F2; text-align: center;"<br />
| style="padding-top: 1em;" |[[File:ASUNAMH.png|frameless|upright=0.5|200px]]<br />
| style="padding-top: 1em;" |[[File:ASUNSTAT.png|frameless|upright=0.5|75px]]<br />
| style="padding-top: 1em;" |<br />
| style="padding-top: 1em;" |[[File:ASUNISISU.png|frameless|upright=0.5|200px]]<br />
<br />
|- style="background: #F2F2F2; text-align: center"<br />
! style="width: 25%; padding-top: 1em" |ASUN Agency of Medicine and Health (ASUNAMH)<br />
! style="width: 25%; padding-top: 1em" |{{way|25459598|ASUN Agency of Statistics (ASUNSTAT)}}<br />
! style="width: 25%; padding-top: 1em" |ASUN Technology and Innovation Agency (ASUNTI)<br />
! style="width: 25%; padding-top: 1em" | Infrastructure for Spatial Information in South Uletha (ISISU)<br />
<br />
|- style="background: #F2F2F2; text-align: center;"<br />
|Located in TBD.<br />
|Located in TBD.<br />
|Located in TBD.<br />
|Located in TBD.<br />
<br />
|- style="background: #F2F2F2;"<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em; padding-left: 1.5em; padding-right: 1.5em; vertical-align: top;" |Its mandate include harmonization of quality standards for medicines regulations, monitoring and raising issues regarding public health among member states, and food control.<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em; padding-left: 1.5em; padding-right: 1.5em; vertical-align: top;" | Aims to harmonize statistical data collection methods and provide member states and other ASUN institutions with statistical data.<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em; padding-left: 1.5em; padding-right: 1.5em; vertical-align: top;" |Aims to provide expertise and funding for the development and deployment of innovative technologies and services.<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em; padding-left: 1.5em; padding-right: 1.5em; vertical-align: top;" |ISISU works towards establishing a common and open infrastructure for geographical information among member states through the harmonization of spatial data collection, storage and usage policies.<br />
<br />
|- style="background: #F2F2F2; text-align: center"<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em " |Ratified by [[Arion|AR]], [[Demirhan Empire|DD]], [[Kalkara|KK]], [[Malesoria|ME]], [[Mauretia|MM]], [[Navenna|NA]], [[Plevia|PL]], [[Qennes|QN]], [[Selonia and Flamain|SF]]<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em " |Ratified by [[Arion|AR]], [[Demirhan Empire|DD]], [[Larcetany|EL]], [[Kalkara|KK]], [[Malesoria|ME]], [[Navenna|NA]], [[Plevia|PL]], [[Qennes|QN]], [[Selonia and Flamain|SF]]<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em " |Ratified by [[Arion|AR]], [[Demirhan Empire|DD]], [[Egalian Union|EgU]], [[Kalkara|KK]], [[Malesoria|ME]], [[Navenna|NA]], [[Plevia|PL]], [[Qennes|QN]], [[Selonia and Flamain|SF]]<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em " |Ratified by [[Arion|AR]], [[Demirhan Empire|DD]], [[Larcetany|EL]], [[Kalkara|KK]], [[Malesoria|ME]], [[Navenna|NA]], [[Plevia|PL]], [[Qennes|QN]], [[Selonia and Flamain|SF]]<br />
|}<br />
{| style="border: none; border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 1em 0; padding: 0.5em; width: 51.3%; "<br />
<br />
|- style="background: #F2F2F2; text-align: center;"<br />
! style="padding-top: 1em;" |<br />
! style="padding-top: 1em;" |[[File:NARSU-min.png|frameless|upright=0.5|200px]]<br />
<br />
|- style="background: #F2F2F2; text-align: center"<br />
! style="width: 25%; padding-top: 1em" | South Uletha Meteorological Network (SUMN)<br />
! style="width: 25%; padding-top: 1em" |{{way|29009506|Nuclear & Atomic Research of South Uletha}}<br />
<br />
|- style="background: #F2F2F2; text-align: center;"<br />
|Located in TBD.<br />
|Located in Vadă Potoļeu, {{Qennes}}.<br />
<br />
|- style="background: #F2F2F2;"<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em; padding-left: 1.5em; padding-right: 1.5em; vertical-align: top;" |Aims to promote cooperation and harmonization among national meteorological organizations and the establishment of a common network of meteorological data collection points.<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em; padding-left: 1.5em; padding-right: 1.5em; vertical-align: top;" |Group of laboratories and research institutes researching focused on the study of particle physics.<br />
<br />
|- style="background: #F2F2F2; text-align: center"<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em " |Ratified by [[Arion|AR]], [[Demirhan Empire|DD]], [[Egalian Union|EgU]], [[Larcetany|EL]], [[Kalkara|KK]], [[Malesoria|ME]], [[Mauretia|MM]], [[Navenna|NA]], [[Plevia|PL]], [[Qennes|QN]], [[Selonia and Flamain|SF]]<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em " |Ratified by [[Antharia|AN]], [[Kalkara|KK]], [[Malesoria|ME]], [[Niscavo|NS]], [[Qennes|QN]]<br />
|}<br />
<br />
====Public Safety & International Security====<br />
<br />
{| style="border: none; border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 1em 0; padding: 0.5em; width: 100%; "<br />
<br />
|- style="background: #F2F2F2; text-align: center;"<br />
! style="padding-top: 1em;" |[[File:ASUNAMS.png|frameless|upright=0.5|200px]]<br />
! style="padding-top: 1em;" |<br />
! style="padding-top: 1em;" |<br />
! style="padding-top: 1em;" |[[File:ASUNACB.png|frameless|upright=0.5|200px]]<br />
! style="padding-top: 1em;" |<br />
<br />
|- style="background: #F2F2F2; text-align: center"<br />
! style="width: 25%; padding-top: 1em" |ASUN Agency for Maritime Safety (ASUNAMS)<br />
! style="width: 25%; padding-top: 1em" |ASUN Agency of Natural Disaster Prevention and Relief (ASUNNDPR)<br />
! style="width: 25%; padding-top: 1em" |ASUN Agency for Safety and Stability (ASUNSS)<br />
! style="width: 25%; padding-top: 1em" |ASUN Anti-Corruption Bureau (ASUNACB)<br />
<br />
|- style="background: #F2F2F2; text-align: center;"<br />
|Located in TBD.<br />
|Located in TBD.<br />
|Located in TBD.<br />
|Located in TBD.<br />
<br />
|- style="background: #F2F2F2;"<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em; padding-left: 1.5em; padding-right: 1.5em; vertical-align: top;" |Its mandates include the protection of life and property on waterborne transportation. Its scope is similar to ASUNSS, but with a focus on maritime conflicts.<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em; padding-left: 1.5em; padding-right: 1.5em; vertical-align: top;" |Its aims include developing disaster prediction research, risk management, post-crisis analysis and rehabilitation.<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em; padding-left: 1.5em; padding-right: 1.5em; vertical-align: top;" |Its mandates include arms control, crisis management, conflict prevention and post-conflict rehabilitation.<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em; padding-left: 1.5em; padding-right: 1.5em; vertical-align: top;" |The Anti-Corruption Bureau provides member states with recommendations regarding corruption through the identification of deficiencies in national anti-corruption legislation and evaluating the implementation of such legislation.<br />
<br />
|- style="background: #F2F2F2; text-align: center"<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em " |Ratified by [[Arion|AR]], [[Kalkara|KK]], [[Malesoria|ME]], [[Mauretia|MM]], [[Navenna|NA]], [[Plevia|PL]], [[Qennes|QN]]<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em " |Ratified by [[Arion|AR]], [[Demirhan Empire|DD]], [[Larcetany|EL]], [[Kalkara|KK]], [[Malesoria|ME]], [[Navenna|NA]], [[Plevia|PL]], [[Qennes|QN]], [[Selonia and Flamain|SF]]<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em " |Ratified by [[Arion|AR]], [[Kalkara|KK]], [[Malesoria|ME]], [[Mauretia|MM]], [[Navenna|NA]], [[Plevia|PL]], [[Qennes|QN]]<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em " |Ratified by [[Arion|AR]], [[Malesoria|ME]], [[Navenna|NA]], [[Plevia|PL]], [[Qennes|QN]]<br />
|}<br />
{| style="border: none; border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 1em 0; padding: 0.5em; width: 26.3%; "<br />
<br />
|- style="background: #F2F2F2; text-align: center"<br />
! style="width: 25%; padding-top: 1em" |South Uletha Law Enforcement Cooperation Agency (SUPOL)<br />
<br />
|- style="background: #F2F2F2; text-align: center;"<br />
|Located in TBD.<br />
<br />
|- style="background: #F2F2F2;"<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em; padding-left: 1.5em; padding-right: 1.5em; vertical-align: top;" |SUPOL is the agency for cooperation between the national law enforcement forces of ASUN member states. Its mandate includes cross-border crime prevention and investigation.<br />
<br />
|- style="background: #F2F2F2; text-align: center"<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em " |Ratified by [[Arion|AR]], [[Kalkara|KK]], [[Malesoria|ME]], [[Navenna|NA]], [[Plevia|PL]], [[Qennes|QN]], [[Selonia and Flamain|SF]]<br />
|}<br />
<br />
====Culture, Education & Social issues====<br />
<br />
{| style="border: none; border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 1em 0; padding: 0.5em; width: 75.3%; "<br />
<br />
|- style="background: #F2F2F2; text-align: center;"<br />
| style="padding-top: 1em;" |[[File:ASUNEVT.png|frameless|upright=0.5|100px]]<br />
| style="padding-top: 1em;" |[[File:ASUNUN.png|frameless|upright=0.5|200px]]<br />
| style="padding-top: 1em;" |[[File:CHESU.png|frameless|upright=0.5|200px]]<br />
<br />
|- style="background: #F2F2F2; text-align: center"<br />
! style="width: 25%; padding-top: 1em" |ASUN Education and Vocational Training Agency (ASUNEVT)<br />
! style="width: 25%; padding-top: 1em" |ASUN University Network (ASUNUN)<br />
! style="width: 25%; padding-top: 1em" |Forum for Cultural Heritage and Exchange in South Uletha (CHESU)<br />
<br />
|- style="background: #F2F2F2; text-align: center;"<br />
|Located in TBD.<br />
|Located in TBD.<br />
|Located in TBD.<br />
<br />
|- style="background: #F2F2F2;"<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em; padding-left: 1.5em; padding-right: 1.5em; vertical-align: top;" |Aims to promote investment into primary and secondary level education as well as vocational training.<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em; padding-left: 1.5em; padding-right: 1.5em; vertical-align: top;" |Its mandate encompasses easing credit transfers and student exchanges, encouraging cooperation in academic research and providing participating universities with a platform for communication and cooperation. ASUNUN maintains partnerships with many international student exchange programmes, such as the [[Egalian Union#MEUSS Programme|MEUSS Programme]].<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em; padding-left: 1.5em; padding-right: 1.5em; vertical-align: top;" |Aims to promote cooperation in arts and culture. Each year, members of the Forum select a “ASUN Capital of Culture“.<br />
<br />
|- style="background: #F2F2F2; text-align: center"<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em " |Ratified by [[Arion|AR]], [[Egalian Union|EgU]], [[Kalkara|KK]], [[Malesoria|ME]], [[Navenna|NA]], [[Plevia|PL]], [[Selonia and Flamain|SF]]<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em " |Ratified by [[Arion|AR]], [[Egalian Union|EgU]], [[Larcetany|EL]], [[Kalkara|KK]], [[Malesoria|ME]], [[Mauretia|MM]], [[Navenna|NA]], [[Plevia|PL]], [[Qennes|QN]], [[Selonia and Flamain|SF]]<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em " |Ratified by [[Arion|AR]], [[Larcetany|EL]], [[Demirhan Empire|DD]], [[Egalian Union|EgU]], [[Kalkara|KK]], [[Malesoria|ME]], [[Mauretia|MM]], [[Navenna|NA]], [[Plevia|PL]], [[Qennes|QN]], [[Selonia and Flamain|SF]]<br />
|}<br />
<br />
====Climate & Natural Resources====<br />
{| style="border: none; border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 1em 0; padding: 0.5em; width: 75.3%; "<br />
<br />
|- style="background: #F2F2F2; text-align: center"<br />
! style="width: 25%; padding-top: 1em" |{{way|25459622|ASUN Climate and Environment Agency (ASUNCE)}}<br />
! style="width: 25%; padding-top: 1em" |ASUN Initiative for Responsible and Effective Protection of Ulethan Geology and Ecology (REFUGE)<br />
! style="width: 25%; padding-top: 1em" |ASUN Agency for Agriculture and Rural Development (ASUNARD)<br />
<br />
|- style="background: #F2F2F2; text-align: center;"<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
<br />
|- style="background: #F2F2F2; text-align: center;"<br />
|Located in TBD.<br />
| Located in TBD.<br />
| Located in TBD.<br />
<br />
|- style="background: #F2F2F2;"<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em; padding-left: 1.5em; padding-right: 1.5em; vertical-align: top;" |ASUNCE's mandate includes developing and evaluating environmental protection policies among member states. Aims to promote the use of renewable energy sources, ecologically sustainable development and efficient resource use.<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em; padding-left: 1.5em; padding-right: 1.5em; vertical-align: top;" | REFUGE oversees and funds a network of marine and terrestrial nature protection areas in South Uletha.<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em; padding-left: 1.5em; padding-right: 1.5em; vertical-align: top;" |The agency provides subsidies for agriculture and forestry, and promotes the development of rural areas among members. ASUNARD is responsible for the South Ulethan Agricultural Guarantee Fund.<br />
<br />
|- style="background: #F2F2F2; text-align: center"<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em " |Ratified by [[Arion|AR]], [[Larcetany|EL]], [[Kalkara|KK]], [[Malesoria|ME]], [[Navenna|NA]], [[Plevia|PL]], [[Qennes|QN]], [[Selonia and Flamain|SF]]<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em " |Ratified by [[Arion|AR]], [[Larcetany|EL]], [[Kalkara|KK]], [[Malesoria|ME]], [[Navenna|NA]], [[Plevia|PL]], [[Qennes|QN]], [[Selonia and Flamain|SF]]<br />
| style="padding-bottom: 1em " |Ratified by [[Arion|AR]], [[Demirhan Empire|DD]], [[Larcetany|EL]], [[Kalkara|KK]], [[Malesoria|ME]], [[Navenna|NA]], [[Plevia|PL]], [[Qennes|QN]], [[Selonia and Flamain|SF]]<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Treaties and conventions==<br />
ASUN also has a number of treaties and conventions that, unlike plurilateral agreements, do not have a physical institution associated with them. Two of these are obligatory for ASUN members to ratify; namely the Association of South Ulethan Nations Foundational Statute (ASUNFS) and the Ulethan Charter of Fundamental Rights (UCFR).<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width: 100%"<br />
|+Other treaties and conventions<br />
|-<br />
! scope="col" style="white-space: nowrap;" |Name<br />
! scope="col" style="white-space: nowrap;" |Purpose<br />
! scope="col" style="white-space: nowrap;" | Ratifiers<br />
|-<br />
|''Association of South Ulethan Nations Foundational Statute (ASUNFS)''||The ASUNFS outlines the purpose, principles and organizational structure of ASUN. Required for ASUN membership.||All ASUN member states.<br />
|-<br />
|''Ulethan Charter of Fundamental Rights (UCFR)''|| Outlines the values and rights enshrined by ASUN, such as the rule of law, pluralistic democracy, free and fair elections, and fundamental freedoms. Required for ASUN membership, but non-members may also ratify the charter.||All ASUN member states.<br />
|-<br />
|''Mediterranean Free Trade Agreement (MEDIFTA)''||MEDIFTA is a free trade area centered around the Mediterranean sea in southern Uletha. Members have a coordinated trade policy.||[[Navenna|NA]]<br />
|-<br />
|''South Ulethan Single Visa (SUSV)''||SUSV works towards further freedom of movement among member states. Citizens of its signatories are allowed visa-free access to other member countries.||[[Malesoria|ME]], [[Navenna|NA]]<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Membership==<br />
<div style="float: right; padding: 2px"><br />
{| style="border:1px solid black; margin:.25em 0 .25em 1em;"<br />
|-<br />
| style="text-align:center;" |{{legend0|#0000cd|Member state}} • {{legend0|#ba55d3|Partner state}} • {{legend0|#48d1cc|Observer state}} • {{legend0|#cccccc|Non-member}}<br />
|-<br />
|{{#multimaps: | center = 38.778,66.665 | width = 500px | height = 400px | zoom = 3 | maxzoom = 14 | minzoom = 1 | <br />
| overlays = +ASUN<br />
| overlaydef = {<br />
"ASUN": [<br />
{"url": "https://data.opengeofiction.net/utility/admin_properties.json", "key": "rel"},<br />
{"url": "https://data.opengeofiction.net/utility/territory.json", "wrap": "polygon", "select": "rel"},<br />
{"url": "/index.php/OpenGeofiction:Multimap_stylesheet_1?action=raw", "select": "organization:ASUN", "filter": {"organizations": ["ASUN"]} }<br />
]<nowiki>}</nowiki><br />
}}<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
</div><br />
<br />
===Member states===<br />
All AN member states located in southern Uletha are eligible for membership in ASUN. States are required to ratify the Foundational Statute of the Association of South Ulethan Nations as well as the Ulethan Charter of Fundamental Rights in order to become a member. Full members enjoy all perks of ASUN membership, such as the right to raise issues and set the agenda of meetings, submit and vote on proposals, raise points of order and circulate documents. ASUN institutions can only be hosted in ASUN member states. <br />
<br />
Current member states include:<br />
<div style="column-count:4;-moz-column-count:4;-webkit-column-count:4"><br />
*{{Aden}}<br />
*[[Almahrus]]<br />
*{{Antharia}}<br />
*[[Arion]]<br />
*{{Castellan}}<br />
*{{Demirhan Empire}}<br />
*{{Kalkara}}<br />
*{{Larcetany}}<br />
*{{Malesoria}}<br />
*{{Mazan}}<br />
*{{Mitras}}<br />
*{{Navenna}}<br />
*[[Niscavo]]<br />
*{{Plevia}}<br />
*[[Pretannia]]<br />
*{{Qennes}}<br />
*{{Selonia and Flamain}}<br />
</div><br />
<br />
===Partners===<br />
States that are not full members of ASUN, but partake in some plurilateral agreements, are eligible for partner status. Supranational entities with an interest in partaking in plurilateral agreements may also apply for partner status. Partners are given the same perks as observer states, including some enhanced rights to reflect their desire for further cooperation on certain matters. Partner states are given the right of reply in matters that are of importance to them, but they are not allowed to otherwise raise questions or set the agenda of any ASUN discussions. Partners that partake in plurilateral agreements however are treated as full members of the agreements they have ratified, and as such are expected to contribute to the funding of those institutions. It is common for future ASUN members to have partner status during their ascension process. States wanting to participate in ASUN activities while at the same time preserve a higher degree of neutrality and sovereignty may choose to become partners rather than full members. <br />
<br />
Current partners include:<br />
*{{Mauretia}}<br />
*[[Egalian Union]]<br />
<br />
=== Observers ===<br />
States with an interest in southern Ulethan affairs, and states located in or adjacent to Uletha, are eligible for observer status. Supranational entities all over the world may also apply for observer status. Observers have the right to attend meetings, sessions and activities of ASUN institutions, but they may not speak unless invited to do so. The role of observer is intended to provide states with an enhanced insight into ASUN's activities. <br />
<br />
Current observers include:<br />
<div style="column-count:4;-moz-column-count:4;-webkit-column-count:4"><br />
*[[Antarephian Coalition]]<br />
*{{Alora}}<br />
*[[Chara]] (constituent entity of {{Suria}})<br />
*[[Egani]]<br />
*[[Gaskús]] (constituent entity of [[Ruoguovvás]])<br />
*{{Geklinia-Dregolesia}}<br />
*{{Iscu}}<br />
*{{Izaland}}<br />
*{{Kara}}<br />
</div><br />
<br />
==Controversies==<br />
Many politicians have accused ASUN of not having any meaningful purpose or clear aim. In particular, the Interparliamentary Assembly has been the object of repeated criticism for not having any effective power and being a “political theater”, with critics positing that the Committee of Ministers being the only body with actual authority. Issues have been raised regarding the inability of the Court of Fundamental Rights to effectively pursue violations of the Charter of Fundamental Rights. Fringe groups on both sides of the political spectrum often accuse ASUN of having a neoliberal agenda furthering the interests of the economic and political elite of the region. <br />
<br />
Funding of ASUN institutions are a major point of contention for ASUN member states. A consequence of ASUN's asymmetrical integration principle is the fact that funding for each of ASUN's institutions is dependent on how many countries are willing to partake in them. Notably, a 2017 report published by the Secretariat with the purpose of reviewing and evaluating the performance of the organization's institutions pointed out the South Ulethan Energy Center and the ASUN Anti-Corruption Bureau as two institutions that underperform. The South Ulethan Energy Center has struggled to finance all its activities since its inception due to low interest from ASUN members, with various projects for common renewable energy production beeing put on halt. The ASUN Anti-Corruption Bureau has on repeated occasions been forced to abandon investigations due to lack of funding. Due to the percieved importance of the Anti-Corruption Bureau, the Secretariat has sought to find ways to finance the Anti-Corruption Bureau's activities through other means, or even turn it into a fifth official body of ASUN. All such attempts have been met with strong resistance from many ASUN members, and no motions to provide more funding for the Anti-Corruption Bureau have passed.<br />
<br />
[[Category:International geopolitical organizations]]</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=Sain%C3%B0aul&diff=22989Sainðaul2024-03-15T11:29:00Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: /* Izarail Network */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{ Infobox settlement<br />
|coords_zoom = <br />
|coords_y = <br />
|coords_x = <br />
|layer = <br />
|name = Sainðaul<br />
|native_name = <span style="font-size:120%; line-height: 1.31em;">安作崎・首都特別自治区</span><br/> [[File:Saindzaul_in_kasechi.png|70px]]<br />
|settlement_type = [[Capital Special Administration District]]<br />
|image_flag = Sainzaul flag.png<br />
|flag_caption = Flag of Sainðaul<br />
|image_coat = <br />
|coat_caption = <br />
|loc_type1 = Country<br />
|loc_name1 = [[Izaland]]<br />
|loc_type2 = <br />
|loc_name2 = <br />
| image_custom = <br />
| alt_custom = <br />
| custom_caption = <br />
|image_map = Saindzaul_montage.jpg<br />
|alt_map = <br />
|map_caption = '''From top, left to right''': Tsumiji Station area, Shiitehongi Sumatai Shrine, the dense skyscraper cluster of Eigandan-Senpyan, the Presidential Palace in Kokendake, a view of Kanbata Business Center, the pedestrian street of Tofyushanku Lan, a skater jumping in front of the city skyline, Saint Jeronym Cathedral, night view of Jaihonmu Lan<br />
|ethnic_groups =<br />
|ethnic_groups_year =<br />
|nationalities = Izaki<br />
|demonym = Saindzaulian <br />
|leader_title1 = City Governor<br />
|leader_name1 = Jumyo Attenki<br/>(寿苗掬石)<br />
|leader_title2 = Vice Governor<br />
|leader_name2 = Nahami Tossari<br />
|area_type1 = Total<br />
|area_size1_km2 = 591,12<br />
|area_type2 = <br />
|area_size2_km2 =<br />
|elevation_m = 0 - 567 <br />
|elevation_ft =<br />
|population_estimate = 14,829,146<br />
|population_estimate_year = 2021<br />
|population_census = <br />
|population_census_year = <br />
|population_density_km2 = <br />
|population_density_sq_mi = <br />
|postal_code = 100-0001 - 100-0599<br />
|telephone_code = 02<br />
|metro = tbd<br />
|tram = <br />
|website = toshi.saindzaul.gov.iz<br />
|}}<br />
<br />
'''Sainðaul''' (𖬖ᣟᛁᐡ𖬪𖬰ᣟ𐐢ᘁ, 安作崎・首都特別自治区 ''Sainðaul shuto tukubyes jitsiku''; traditional name in Ingerish '''Sinezawool''', Gaerman '''Zeinzwaül''', IPA reading: /'sainʣa‿ul/) is the largest city and the national capital of [[Izaland]], located one third from north of the country across the Tandan Strait. Sainðaul is one of the most crucial international hubs for economym, culture, finance, production and tourism with nearly 15 millions inhabitants in the metropolitan city (the National Capital District, which corresponds to the city area plus some suburbs), increasing to 22,6 millions including the [[Greater Sainðaul Metropolitan Area]].<br />
<br />
== Etymology - 地名由来==<br />
The name Sainðaul has uncertain origins, and the first records showing something similar to the current name date back to 1243, as in the '''Kojunjasshishū''' (古旬雑詩集) poem the name "Saen Tsoi Ōl" is mentioned. The [[hanji]] currently used for the city name, 安作崎, literally mean "peace - making - promontory", and were first introduced in the Agahaki Reforms of 1659, probably to represent the sound rather for the real meaning.<br />
<br />
== Geography - 地質==<br />
Sainðaul is located accross the two shores of the Tandan Strait, occupying either the continental part of Izaland, either part of Kubori island. <br />
<br />
The original, oldest and historical core of the city is located on [[mount Kokendake]], a less than 200 m hill located 6 km from the central station, that represents the new center of the city. As the settlements expanded towards the sea, along the [[Ariston river]] delta and the nearby islands, since the beginning of the 20th century a wider expansion on the [[Kubori island]] side has seen a major development. Until 1946, the urbanization on Kubori island was actually a different entity, as it was made up of many villages and towns, being '''Bajikoe''' (桐塚, ''Bajikoe'') the main center, with a population of less than 800,000 people in 1945. Even today, going to the western side of the city is referred as "traveling to Bajikoe", although being the western part larger than the original center, the definition is quite wide, so usually one specifies in which area is heading to. [[Bajikoe river|Bajikoe]] is also the name of one of the three rivers crossing the city and eventually reaching the [[Sound of Pa]] in the western area, the other two being [[Jaiken river]] and [[Kunkobe river]].<br />
<br />
The city is almost located on a flat location, however many of the islands in the bay are mountainous, such as Mount Romokagego (567) and Mount Kingaus (456 m), creating a beautiful views when crossing the strait. In the districts of Takarimoto and Tomanae, south west, there are also low mountains and hilly areas, while Garotsu ward also has a vast wetland area, and many little lakes.<br />
<br />
On the eastern part of the National Capital Special District, there are a bunch of towns under the special administration of the capital: Shakihori, Shimoroboe, Dankau, Kaimura and Yōneo. <br />
<br />
=== Climate ===<br />
<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<br />
The first settlements in the current area of Sainðaul date back to 7500 BC, as the necropolis of Chikurai and Oebatsun suggest. <br />
At that time the Ariston river delta was more inland than it is nowadays, and the civilization dwelling in this area was probably devoted to fishing.<br />
<br />
Talking about the first record of a community in the area, the most ancient settlement was probably the nowadays Pakkishoi, then called Arawis.<br />
<br />
==Neighborhoods and cityscape==<br />
[[File:Plaza Carso - CDMX - 2013 - 2.jpg|thumb|right|300px|External view of the DANKORE Museum of Art]]<br />
As already stated, Sainðaul is deeply divided geographically into the eastern, traditional area, and the western relatively recently developed portion, and this division is actually easy to feel while traveling within the city. <br />
<br />
The people living in the eastern part, still considered the city center, as it keeps the old town in Kokendake, the central station, most of the government buildings and some of the most ancient universities, watch from a position of superiority the newer western side (Bajikoe), located on Kubori island.<br />
Although nowadays the income and wealth differences between the two parts are nearly not visible, almost until half of the previous century Bajikoe area was widespreadly known to be relatively poor and undeveloped comparing to the affluent old city. <br />
<br />
Since the early 1990s, the west side has been the focus of a large number of public and private investments, with the construction of railways, subways and large real estate projects, particularly following the opening of the new Asunahama International Airport in 2014. This has attracted a large number of foreign companies, which have located their representative offices near the Eisen area (Eigandan-Senpyan), which is now a pole of competition with the traditional business district of Herubori, to the east.<br />
<br />
=== East side (東部) ===<br />
<div style="float: right; padding: 2px"><br />
{{#multimaps:<br />
| zoom = 12<br />
| height = 500px<br />
| width = 500px<br />
| center = 36.0216, 128.9876<br />
| Marker = 36.0164, 129.0320 ~ Kokendake ~ 古剣舘 <br />
| Marker = 36.02371, 129.04748 ~ Eikuku-ji Temple ~ 永國寺 ~ <br />
| Marker = 36.02644, 129.02727 ~ St. Anthony Cathedral ~ 聖𖬮ᐢ𖬁ᐤ𖭑ᛁᒢ大聖堂<br />
| Marker = 36.0289, 128.9975 ~ Kushidaru Amiya Station ~ <br />
| Marker = 36.0108, 128.9881 ~ Herubori Station ~ 杏登駅<br />
| Marker = 36.0204, 128.9663 ~ Sainðaul Central ~ 安作崎𖬖ɭᐢ𖬁𐐢𖬬ᐡ<br />
| Marker = 36.0374, 128.9754 ~ Ekinðuka / Rosemane ~ <br />
| Marker = 36.0567, 129.0087 ~ Jufurai ~ 朱布來 ~ <br />
}}<br />
</div><br />
The official name of the east side, in Izaki, is '''Dōnbu'' (東部), and this area indicates all the extension of Sainðaul on the Ulethian (continental) side. <br />
The core of the city is located on the delta of the Shirusano River, and on 27 islands located in front of it. Originally the Shirusano River flowed into the Tandan Strait with three branches, but some modifications made during the 19th century have diverted the course of the river and dried up some of the lateral branches, modifying the structure of the delta.<br />
<br />
The most notable areas of the east side are:<br />
<br />
*'''Kokendake''', placed on the central-eastern area of the city, is the original core, with the historical center located on Mount Kokendake, registered as a [[Ulethan Heritage Site]]. This old town like area, places at a height of 100 to 150 m on the sea level, overlooks the rest of the newest urban development, and is often considered as the "Terrace of Sainðaul". On the back of Kokendake there are two wide Buddhist temple areas, also part of the historical and cultural heritage, while the front area downhill hosts the huge '''Kokendake Palace''' esplanade and the park itself, extending more than 1,3 square kilometers.<br />
<br />
* North-east of the Kokendake hill we find the '''Eikuku-ji temple''', founded in 1467, and its surrounding, one of the oldest areas of the historic center.<br />
<br />
* Near '''Kushidaru-Amiya station''' the most upscale and elegant area of Sainðaul takes place, with boutiques, refined restaurants and well established hotels in traditional historical buildings. The style of the buildings in this area, mostly built between the 18th and 19th centuries, are influenced by the cultural and architectural styles of the nations of the western Axian peninsula, with some Victorian, Neoclassical and Neo-Gothic buildings. During this age, many architects from Kojo and Saikyel built several noteworthy buildings, including the National Opera, St. Anthony's Cathedral, and the Parliament building, designed by ....<br />
<br />
*'''Herubori''' is a major business area, where most of the company headquarters are located, spreading as well towards '''Aketsue''' station, where media companies and design studios are concentrated. in the west area of Aketsue we also find '''Tomobeye Lan''', one of the hearts of the famosu Izaki teen culture, where apparel shops, cafes, restaurants and game centers are especially spread.<br />
<br />
* The '''Sainðaul Central Station''' east area, the result of an urban refurbishment project carried on during the 80s, with the 750 m long Noujinkade Boulevard, notable buildings such as the '''Sainðaul City Hall''', designed by the famous Izaki architect Pakali Yassukōri or the central library (architect: Kinshōn Erauki). Other points of interest include the Botanic Gardens, the '''Higoi Tamutta Museum of Art''', visited every year by 20 millions of visitors, especially for objects like "the shadow" or "suspended", the Kaipō-ji Temple and Saint Luke cathedral. The west square of the station covers the [[IZX]] high speed trains and the Airport Express platform, and continues with the Oboehari Business Park.<br />
<br />
* The area between '''Ekinðuka''' and '''Rosemane''' is the main museum area of the city, where there is also an open air fossil park with some dinosaurs and other prehistorical animal rests exhibited open air. Also, in this area there are most of the embassies. <br />
<br />
* '''Shakihori''', with a population of over half a million, is an important satellite city, located north of the capital. Initially developed as bed-town, in recent years it has seen a very high growth in population, thanks to lower costs and the presence of some new university campuses that have attracted students from all countries. Here there are also Mount Katanase and Mount Yunchukahe, favorite destinations for the inhabitants of Sainðaul to be able to spend a day in nature just a few minutes from the center.<br />
<br />
* '''Jufurai''' is located north of the central area of the city, and is one of the most affluent residential areas. Here is the park of the same name, the largest in Sainðaul, and some of the most expensive homes, including villas with swimming pools and luxury residential towers.<br />
<br />
<gallery caption="Views of the East side" widths="220px" heights="150px" ><br />
Guangzhou_Opera_House.png|Herubori business district seen from the Eigan-ji Temple<br />
Changdeokgung Palace Oct 2014 006.JPG|The entrance to the Yotaidyen Royal Palace<br />
Ministry_of_Justice_Japan03s3200.jpg|The Parliament House building<br />
Hannoveraner_Opernhaus.jpg|The Opera House<br />
Mongchonhaeja_1.jpg|The Ekinðuka Park<br />
Matsugamine_Catholic_Church_(front)_2013-01-30.JPG|The Cathedral of Saint Anthony<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
===West side (西部)===<br />
Although most of the people say "Bajikoe Area" to indicate the west side, on Kubori island, of Sainðaul, the official calling is '''Saibu'' (西部), literally meaning "west area". <br />
<br />
Coming from the east side, the first approach is probably going to be '''Kasakuri Station''', also a stop for the IZX services, and most of the [[Izarail]] cross-city network.<br />
Kasakuri Station is mainly a junction point, although some corporation headquarters, high rise residential towers and some shopping malls are also located. North of Kasakuri, the main logistics and goods shipping port area extends, with some cultural venues such as the '''DANKORE Museum of Art'''. <br />
<br />
Most of Hokusei ward is residential in its western side, and occupied by port facilities, warehouses and distribution centers on the eastern side.<br />
<br />
;Eigandan-Senpyan (永玵段船駢 / 𖬮ɭᛁ𖬖ɭᐢ)<br />
[[File:Eisen night view(ai-gen).jpg|400px|thumb|right|View of the business district of Eigandan-Senpyan by night]]<br />
Eigandan-Senpyan, commonly known as Eisen by the locals, is the bustling business core of western Sainðaul. Renowned for its vibrant commercial atmosphere, it serves as a hub for numerous international companies and multinationals, which have established their local branch offices here. One of the key factors contributing to its popularity is its direct and convenient link with the '''Asunahama International Airport''', just a short 15-minute ride away on the Airport Express.<br />
<br />
The area underwent a significant transformation with the 1996 redevelopment masterplan, resulting in a modern and dynamic cityscape, and it is home to some of the tallest buildings in Izaland, including "The Zenith." This iconic skyscraper stands tall with an impressive 94 floors and reaches a towering height of 423 meters. The presence of such architectural marvels adds to the skyline and symbolizes the district's economic prowess and cosmopolitan appeal.<br />
<br />
Despite the urbanity and towering structures, Eigandan-Senpyan seamlessly incorporates elements of natural beauty and tranquility into its modernity. The '''Ikasurun Park''', located in Pikamatsu, offers a serene oasis amidst the bustling city. Here, visitors can enjoy lush greenery, open spaces, and various recreational amenities, providing a perfect escape from the hectic urban lifestyle. Furthermore, the district is adorned with a picturesque green area that runs along the Baijikoe canal network. This carefully designed landscape harmoniously blends with the modern infrastructure, creating a refreshing environment for residents and visitors alike. The canal network not only enhances the aesthetic appeal of Eigandan-Senpyan but also contributes to the overall sustainability and ecological balance of the district.<br />
<br />
Eigandan-Senpyan stands as a testament to the city's commitment to progress, innovation, and the seamless integration of nature and urban development. It represents a vibrant and thriving business center, attracting international enterprises, while simultaneously offering a balance of modern amenities, green spaces, and recreational opportunities to ensure a high quality of life for its (rich) inhabitants.<br />
<br />
;[https://opengeofiction.net/#map=16/35.9798/128.7509&layers=B Riihisano]<br />
Riihisano, a vibrant district in south-western Sainðaul, is known for its unique blend of pop subculture, eccentric fashion, and youthful energy. It has captured the hearts of teenagers and university students, making it a popular destination for those seeking a trendy atmosphere. Riihisano's transportation is highly convenient, with excellent access provided by railways, subways, and trams. The picturesque Bajikoe canal is a major attraction, attracting people of all ages for leisure activities such as strolling, cycling, and picnicking. The canal is particularly enchanting during springtime when the district becomes famous for its breathtaking cherry blossoms.<br />
<br />
Riihisano's distinctive appeal lies in its thriving pop subculture, which is a hub of creativity and artistic expression. The streets are adorned with vibrant graffiti, and its shops and boutiques offer unique fashion items reflecting the district's eclectic and avant-garde style. The district also boasts a bustling nightlife, with numerous clubs, bars, and live music venues catering to the energetic and diverse tastes of its residents and visitors. From underground music scenes to mainstream pop performances, Riihisano's entertainment venues ensure there is never a dull moment in the district.<br />
<br />
=== Notable landmarks ===<br />
<br />
;List of the tallest structures<br />
{|class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"<br />
|-<br />
!scope="col"| Name<br />
!scope="col"| Image<br />
!scope="col"| Height<br /><small>[[Metre|m]] ([[Foot (length)|ft]])</small><br />
!scope="col"| Floors<br />
!scope="col"| Year<br />
!scope="col"| Ward<br />
!scope="col" class="unsortable"| Notes<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|20625217|Twaisahanga Tower 156}}<br />
|<br />
[[File:Tswaisahanga tower.png|150px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|782 (2566)<br />
| align="center"|156<br />
| align="center"|2017<br />
| <br />
| One of the tallest buildings in the world<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|25845866|Koneei BOX}}<br />
|[[File:Koneei BOX.png|40px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|485 (1591)<br />
| align="center"|86<br />
| align="center"|2016<br />
|<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|21622256|Eigandan Senpyan The Zenith}}<br />
|<br />
[[File:Eigandan Senpyan The Zenith.png|60px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|423 (1388)<br />
| align="center"|94<br />
| align="center"|2016<br />
|<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|22403749|Rosemane Gate Tower 105}}<br />
|<br />
[[File:Rosemane Gate Tower 105.png|40px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|416 (1364)<br />
| align="center"|105<br />
| align="center"|2008<br />
|<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{relation|242654|Vertigo Tower}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|401 (1315)<br />
| align="center"|76<br />
| align="center"|1998<br />
|<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|22673110|Firanda Tower}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|397 (1302)<br />
| align="center"|86<br />
| align="center"|2008<br />
| <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{relation|261284|Kashimas Tower NE}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|367 (1204)<br />
| align="center"|78<br />
| align="center"|2010<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{node|279009891|iLand Tower A}}<br />
|[[File:ILand Tower AD.png|40px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|342 (1122)<br />
| align="center"|85<br />
| align="center"|2016<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{node|279009888|iLand Tower D}}<br />
|[[File:ILand Tower AD.png|40px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|342 (1122)<br />
| align="center"|85<br />
| align="center"|2016<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|18555683|IDK Building}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|351 (1151)<br />
| align="center"|82<br />
| align="center"|2008<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|26332610|Ippenjaki Kajaringa Jutaku}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|331 (1085)<br />
| align="center"|68<br />
| align="center"|2019<br />
| <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|23840468|Ippenjaki Kajaringa Jutaku}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|323 (1063)<br />
| align="center"|67<br />
| align="center"|2008<br />
| <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|22673113|Eisen Station Tower}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|296 (971)<br />
| align="center"|69<br />
| align="center"|2010<br />
| <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
''To be continued''<br />
<br />
==Administrative divisions==<br />
Sainðaul does not exist as a '''city''' (市, ''shi'') per se, like the other cities of Izaland. Instead, its top level administrative definition is the '''Capital Special Administration District'''. The subdivisions of Sainðaul are 20 '''wards''' (區, ''ku''), four cities (市, ''shi'') and two towns (町, 'nata'):<br />
<br />
===Special Wards (特別区) ===<br />
{| class="wikitable" width = 650px style="font-size:90%;" align=center<br />
! Name<br />
! Askaozhi<br />
! Byakuzhi<br />
! Location<br />
! Population<br> (2021)<br />
|----------bgcolor=lightblue<br />
|Colspan=5 align=center|'''— Wards —'''<br />
|----------<br />
| Asaji-ku || 𖬮𖬖𖬐𖬰ᛁ𖬭𐐢|| 安佐寺區|| East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Bajikoe-ku || 𖬇𖬰𖬐𖬰ᛁ𖬭ᐤɭ𖬭𐐢|| 桐塚區|| West || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Garotsu-ku || 𖬭𖬰𖬬ᐤ𖬑𐐢𖬭𐐢|| 賀呂都區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Hayatogaru-ku || 𖬨𐭘𖬮𖬁ᐤ𖬭𖬰𖬬𐐢𖬭𐐢|| 久松區|| East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Intsushitsa-ku || 𖬮ᛁᐢ𖬑𐐢𖬔ᛁ𖬑𖬭𐐢 || 鰤基區|| East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Jufurai-ku ||𖬐𖬰𐐢𖬌𐐢𖬬꜉𖬭𐐢|| 朱布来區|| East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Juwon-ku || 𖬐𖬰𐐢𐩪𖬮ᐢ𖬭𐐢|| 中央區|| East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Keiyān-ku || 𖬭ᥫ𐭘𖬮⸠ᐢ𖬭𐐢|| 桂陽區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Kokendake-ku || 𖬭ᐤ𖬭ɭᐢ𖬒𖬰𖬭ɭ𖬭𐐢|| 古剣館區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Kyōði-ku || ꓩ𖬭⸠𖬑𖬰ᛁ𖬭𐐢|| 峡上區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Kyōyos-ku || ꓩ𖬭⸠ꓩ𖬮ᒢ𖬭𐐢|| 峡越區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Riihisano-ku || 𖬬ᛁ⸠𖬨ᛁ𖬖𖭑ᐤ𖬭𐐢|| 尾本區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Saikō-ku || 𖬖꜉𖬭ᐤ⸠𖬭𐐢|| 西港區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Shiki-ku || 𖬔ᛁ𖬭ᛁ𖬭𐐢|| 北區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Shutazai-ku || 𖬔𐐢𖬁𖬖𖬰꜉𖬭𐐢|| 守多彩區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Takarimoto-ku || 𖬁𖬭𖬬ᛁ𖬊ᐤ𖬁ᐤ𖬭𐐢|| 浚里鏡區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Tanahama-ku || 𖬁𖭑𖬨𖬊𖬭𐐢|| 多那島區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Tobeskauri-ku || 𖬁ᐤ𖬇𖬰ɭᒢ𖬭'𐐢𖬬ᛁ𖬭𐐢|| 鴨沼區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Tomanae-ku || 𖬁ᐤ𖬊𖭑'ɭ𖬭𐐢|| 庥内區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Wikkaman-ku || 𐐊𖬮𖬘𖬳𖬊ᐢ𖬭𐐢|| 昱賀満區|| West|| tbd<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Special cities===<br />
* '''Shakihori-shi''' (石登市)<br />
* '''Shimoroboe-shi''' (亀岡市)<br />
* '''Dankau-shi''' (檀洪市)<br />
* '''Ibaruno-shi''' (齒琉能市)<br />
<br />
===Special towns===<br />
* '''Kaimura-nata'''<br />
* '''Yōneo-nata'''<br />
<br />
==Transportation==<br />
Sainðaul is the main hub of the whole country transportation, and all the north-south transit passes through the city. For this reason Sainðaul boasts a very specialized network of road and rail corridors, beside being the main aviation terminal of the country.<br />
<br />
===Railways===<br />
The railway network expands north and south-west from the station of [[Sainðaul Central Station|Sainðaul Central]], one of the busiest stations in the world, with about 3 million users daily. From here conventional and high speed railway ([[IZX]]) cross the Tandan Strait linking the city center with Bajikoe (West) area and other destinations on Kubori Island. At the same way, from the central station other lines diramate to connect with the capital the other main cities of the Ulethian side of Izaland. <br />
<br />
[[File:Kanmon-tunnel railway.jpg|thumb|300px|View of the eastern entrance to the Millennium Tunnel]]<br />
In particular, the main rail link between the two sides of the capital runs in a 3 km 6 tracks undersea tunnel, called [[Millennium tunnel]] connecting the stations of Shin-Ikashuni and Kasakuri.<br />
Another railway link is the Line X of the subway, providing a direct connection for the northern suburbs of Sainðaul to the center of Bajikoe. Lastly, another undersea link is the Kawashaku Line, linking Bajikoe with [[Kawayatsu]], a city north from Sainðaul on the Ulethain side. <br />
<br />
The suburban railway system of Sainðaul is called [[Capital Suburban Network (Sainðaul)|Capital Suburban Network]], and is composed by 16 lines operated by Izarail, including the [[Loop Line (Sainðaul)|Loop Line]], (see below) a circular line running in the original center. On the western side of the city, the railway infrastructure runs on a north-south double corridor. <br />
<br />
====Izarail Network====<br />
Izarail's Capital Wider Suburban Mass Transit (首都圏廣域捷運, "shutokwen-kwannwiki-shōun") is the network of local and regional public transport that moves millions of people in and out of Sainðaul every day, connecting all the main towns and settlements whose inhabitants flock to the capital. As of 2024 it is made up of xxx lines, covering a total extension of xx km.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="text-align:center;"<br />
|-<br />
!Code <br />
!Line name<br />
!width=15%|Route(s)<br />
!width=8%|Type<br />
!width=8%|Opened<br />
!width=15%|Extension (km)<br />
!width=15%|Stations<br />
!width=20%|Typical frequency<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#34589F; color:white;" |'''LO'''||Loop Line (環状線)||Sainðaul Central ↔ Hayatogaru||All stop||1937|| 24,5 || 19 || 5 min<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#8dc159; color:white;" |'''KD'''||[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/272493 Kidai Line] (磯大線)||Kirijima ↔ Daihanji||Section rapid|| 1990|| 156,87|| 47 || 10-15 min<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#B8B895; color:white;" |'''CK'''||[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/272494 Chukkūn Line] (竹空線)||Moriyose ↔ Asunahama International Airport||All stop|| 2015|| 55,93|| 31 || 10-15 min<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#7AE3E3; color:black;" |'''SK'''||[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/272510 Seishaku Line] (盛石線)||Igattarun-Juwon ↔ Shakusa|| All stop||1985 || 103,95 || 49 <br />
|20 min (Shakusa - Showanul)</br><br />
20 min (Enikezya- Igattarun)</br><br />
10 min (Showanul - Enikezya)</br><br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#B16B48; color:white;" |'''GD'''||[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/272511 Gaekwan-Dōnbu Line] (外環東部線)||Nari-Shiratsuki ↔ Usehari|| All stop||2005 || 78,48 || TBD || 7-10 min<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#FF66CC; color:white;" |'''JD'''||[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/272492 Juwon-Kodōn Line] (中央湖東線)||Sainðaul ↔ Ninokawa|| Section rapid|| 1985 || 78,35 || TBD || 10 min<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#ffd320; color:black;" |'''RI'''||[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/414143 Riimiilla Line] (---線)||Riimibaiken ↔ Illashiya||All Stop||1985||100,56||35<br />
|5 min (Riimibaiken - Showanul)</br>10 min (Showanul - Yutsukabul)</br>20 min (Yutsukabul - Illashiya)<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#CC99FF; color:white;" |'''AX'''||[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/414569 Airport Express] (𖬒ɭ։ᣗ𖬡ᐤᣗ𖬣𐐢 𖬒ɭᒢ𖬡𐐢𖬬ɭᒢ)||Sabullan ↔ SAIA</br>Onnojaris ↔ SAIA </br> Illashiya ↔ SAIA||Limited Express|| 2014 || 57,58</br>84,45</br>111,30 || TBD || 20 min per section<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#339966; color:white;" |'''KS'''||[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/327143 Kawasabu Line] (--線)||Niji-Kawayatsu ↔ Sabullan||All Stop|| 1990 || 47,10 || 27 || 5 min <br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#99FFFF; color:black;" |'''KW'''||[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/326861 Kwōkei Line] (荒京線)||Kishagoi Exhibition ↔ Yamakoga||Metro Thru service|| 1992 || 84,35 || 30 || 5 min (Kishagoi Exhibition - Funoshoni)</br>10 min (Funoshoni - Yamakoga)<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#D2B48C; color:black;" |'''SS'''||[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/303270 Shosen Line] (--線)||Jisahara ↔ Kemeusa||Metro Thru service|| 2008 || 50,19 || 16 || 5 min (Panatsawa - Allenuki)</br>10 min (Allenuki - Kemeusa)<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
; Loop Line<br />
The Eastern side of Sainðaul, has got a vital heavy rail line that forms a 24,5 km loop encircling the historic heart of the city. The Loop Line, or 環状線 (Kwanjān-sen) in Izaki, holds a significant place in the city's transport landscape.<br />
<br />
While the official launch of the service dates back to 1937, it's important to note that the Loop Line didn't come into existence as a single entity. Rather, it evolved from the amalgamation of various railway segments, skillfully connected over time. Operating with precision, the Loop Line offers a train frequency of every 5 minutes during typical daytime hours. However, the system gears up to serve the bustling rush hours, providing trains every 90 seconds to cater to the high demand. Some of the trains make Hayatogaru Station their terminus, which is equipped with maintenance and depot facilities<br />
<br />
The loop, standing out on city maps with its distinct prussian blue color, is not just a means of getting around; it serves as a hub of activity and is used daily by an impressive 1.7 million riders. This robust ridership underlines the line's pivotal role in connecting the city's diverse communities and shaping the urban flow of Sainðaul.<br />
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible"<br />
|+Stations list<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Code<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Station name<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Izaki<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Connections with<br />other railways<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Connections with<br />subway lines<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Location<br />
|-<br />
!LL01<br />
|Sainðaul Central<br />
|作安崎中央<br />
|<br />
* Airport Express<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Enishaku Line<br />
* Sainniga Line<br />
* Bajikoe-Dōnnei Line<br />
* IZX<br />
|<br />
*Line 1<br />
* Line 8<br />
*Line 10<br />
* Line 17<br />
* Shindōnsai Link<br />
| rowspan="2" |Juwon<br />
|-<br />
!LL02<br />
|Binno||苠喃<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Enishaku Line<br />
* Bajikoe-Dōnnei Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 4<br />
* Line 17<br />
|-<br />
!LL03<br />
|Shiitehongi||〇〇<br />
|<br />
* Enishaku Line<br />
* Limited Expresses<br />
|<br />
* Line 3<br />
|Shiki<br />
|-<br />
!LL04<br />
|Jigasungai Kōwen||〇〇<br />
|<br />
|<br />
*Line 18<br />
| rowspan="4" | Jufurai<br />
|-<br />
!LL05<br />
|Jufurai Kōwen Niji||朱布来公園西<br />
|<br />
|<br />
* Line 8<br />
* Line 16<br />
|-<br />
!LL06<br />
|Punoidan||〇〇<br />
|<br />
| (At Tensari Omuhate)<br />
* Line 1<br />
* Line 16<br />
|-<br />
!LL07<br />
|Rupekoppe||孱槻<br />
|<br />
| (At Tamanoke Tsunui)<br />
* Line 1<br />
|-<br />
!LL08<br />
|Isenebo||床踔<br />
|<br />
| <br />
* Line 14<br />
| rowspan="4" | Hayatogaru<br />
|-<br />
!LL09<br />
|Igashikura (Taishin Univ.) ||品山(泰進大)<br />
|<br />
* Kidai Line<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!LL10<br />
|Hayatogaru||久松<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Ansoku Line<br />
* Kidai Line<br />
* Sainniga Line<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!LL11<br />
|Rakkashoni||鳶腳<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
|<br />
*Line 2<br />
|-<br />
!LL12<br />
|Sumi-Kokendake||隠古剣館<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Ansoku Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 4<br />
(At Kushigae)<br />
* Line 16<br />
| rowspan="4" | Kokendake<br />
|-<br />
!LL13<br />
|Oritoku||壌外<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 10<br />
|-<br />
!LL14<br />
|Tomiganei||庭ヶ汢<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 9<br />
|-<br />
!LL15<br />
|Tagashiga||浚藻<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!LL16<br />
|Oiseharu||粕墾<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
(At Shin-Oiseharu)<br />
* Shinsabu Main Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 18<br />
| rowspan="4" | Juwon<br />
|-<br />
!LL17<br />
|Herubori||杏登<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
* Ansoku Line<br />
* Airport Express<br />
* Dōnkai Line<br />
* Shinsabu Main Line<br />
* IZX<br />
|<br />
* Line 3<br />
* Line 12<br />
|-<br />
!LL18<br />
|Obakura||〇〇<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 12<br />
* Line 14<br />
|-<br />
!LL19<br />
|Aketsue||薫都衛<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
* Daikiri Line<br />
* Kidai Line<br />
* Enishaku Line<br />
* Bajikoe-Dōnnei Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 12<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Other private railways complete the network of Sainðaul.<br />
<br />
===Tramways===<br />
Before the heavy development of subway lines, Sainðaul had an extensive network of tramways and streetcars, which still survive with a smaller network and some isolated lines in the areas not covered by heavy rail. Still nowadays, especially after the legislation of Mayor Ikaro Asahosai in 2003, a vast program of new tramway projects is on the way, and 126 km of new tracks are going to be laid by 2025. <br />
<br />
====Metro system====<br />
[[File:Metro Sainzaul logo with text.png|frameless|right]]<br />
The [[Sainðaul Metro]] is the mostly underground subway network of the metropolitan area, mainly developed on the two sides of the Tandan Strait. Only three lines cross the strait through the Kishagoi undersea tunnel. The system, as of 2024, is composed of 19 lines (metro proper) and extends on 673.93 km of network. A bunch of privately owned metro-like heavy and light railways complete the network. <br />
<br />
;Owned and run by Sainðaul Metro.<br />
{| class="wikitable" <br />
|-<br />
! Rel<br />
! Code<br />
! Line name<br />
! Opening year<br />
! Extension<br />
! Stations<br />
! Terminus A<br />
! Terminus B<br />
! Thru Service<br />
! Main facts<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242549 1]<br />
| AD<br />
| style="background: #FE7F00;"|'''Agarai-Dōnpuku Line'''<br />
| 1924<br />
| 51,66 km<br />
| 30<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/184719128 Ikashumai Sports Center]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/146716208 Enikezya Forum]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The second oldest line of the system, has been upgraded different times, and also offers and express/rapid services. <br />
* An extension from Ikashumai Sports Center to Yakata is in progress with the opening targeted by 2024<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242565 2]<br />
| HB<br />
| style="background: red;"|'''Hibaru Line'''<br />
| 1919<br />
| 36,02 km<br />
| 27<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/187344183 Naezoto]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/135394631 Mokoba]</br>[http://opengeofiction.net/node/188737257 Hintomaui]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The first subway line built in Izaland, and one of the first in Eastern Uletha, runs west-east in the old core of the city, giving access to the central station area, the government district of Amiya and the historical precincts of the Eikuku-ji Temple. <br />
* Further east the line divides into two branches, one leading to Mokoba, and the other serving as north-south corridod for the city of Oitsura.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242566 3]<br />
| SH<br />
| style="background: #009E4F;"|'''Shakihori Line'''<br />
| 1932<br />
| 42,96 km<br />
| 25<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/256366564 Ansan Shakuiadae]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370158 Iyogateri]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The third line of the Sainðaul Metro network, was first built to connect from north to south the central districts of the capital (Shiitehongi-Herubori). <br />
* In 2019 an extension from Bibawara to Ansan Shakuiadae opened<br />
* Offers a rapid service in the northern part, until Komayunden. South of this station all trains stop at all stations.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242547 4]<br />
| KO<br />
| style="background: #FFD912;"|'''Kokendake Line'''<br />
| 1937<br />
| 18,45 km<br />
| 15<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/129227893 Abawauri]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/126666499 Kawaei]<br />
| <br />
* Onto the Shinsabu Oitsura Line towards Oitsura<br />
* Onto the line 6 from Abawauri to Ipporai-Shindari (only a few trains)<br />
| <br />
* The fourth line of the Sainðaul Metro network, runs partially parallel to the Hibaru (red) line, touching the embassy district (Aguri), the government quarter and the old city (Kushigae, from which the name comes).<br />
* Since the 1998 upgrade, this was the first former line to have a rapid service<br />
* Thru service onto the Shinsabu Oitsura Line towards Oitsura since 1976<br />
|-<br />
|colspan="10"|<br />
[[File:SUL04.svg|1400px|frameless]]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242577 5]<br />
| KE<br />
| style="background: #9E6A51;"|'''Kirifunu Eigandan Line'''<br />
| 1941<br />
| 16,05 km<br />
| 13<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/176782928 Jisahara]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/126666499 Tsuragoi]<br />
| Onto the IR Shosen Line from Jisahara to Kemeusa<br />
| <br />
* The first line built in the Bajikoe area, with the shape of a reversed "L", connects east-west the central district (Konegisa Eigandan and Kirifunu Lan), bending south to Jisahara.<br />
* In 2013 the thru service on to the IR Shosen Line allows rapid trains to reach Komokata. Special trainsets run up to 180 km/h on the special tracks, making this one of the fastest subway in the world.<br />
* Between Komokata and Tsuragoi trains stop at all stations<br />
|-<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242578 6]<br />
| IP<br />
| style="background: #3465A4;"|'''Ipporai Line'''<br />
| 1967<br />
| 47,30 km<br />
| 30<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/259962136 Saibu-Panatsawa]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/229672837 Nari-Gotsurindai]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The first subway line crossing the Tandan Strait, was first built between Ezaesomu and Kotoshiruna in 1967<br />
* In 1973 the undersea tunnel allowed trains to reach Abawauri station, allowing for the first time subway trains to travel between the two sides of the city. This helped to lighten the congestion of the IR lines<br />
* The latest extensions are: from Abawari to Nari-Gotsurindai opened in 2008 (the two last stations, Nari-Gotsurindai and Norihoi are shared with line 18), and from Kōtō-Satahappi to Saibu-Panatsawa in 2018.<br />
* A possible extension via Hōnkūn to Iberotsuna is in the earlier survey stage<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242576 7]<br />
| BJ<br />
| style="background: #00A0BC;"|'''Bajikoe Line'''<br />
| 1972<br />
| 36,47 km<br />
| 29<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/196658312 Pwakkobe]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/147466401 Akettun Shendao]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The line has the shape of the number "5", linking the port area of Riimibaiken city (Komokata Pref.) with the central business district of west Sainðaul, running underneath Eigandan Lan and Shutazai-ku. <br />
* There is a project for a branch line dividing at Sangwya Jiku towards Chikawari, however, no funds are available as of 2022.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242546 8]<br />
| HM<br />
| style="background: #00A2D3;"|'''Hamaas Line'''<br />
| 1958<br />
| 23,95 km<br />
| 22<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/169508181 Kishagoi]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370155 Komayunden]<br />
| <br />
* IR Tandan Kaihyō Line from Kishagoi to Funoshoni<br />
* Ibaches Main Line from Jufurai to Ibaruno<br />
| <br />
* The line has the shape of a "V" letter, and connects the north-west of eastern Sainðaul with the north-east, after reaching all the central locations<br />
* Since it links many islands, the name of the line means "line of the islands".<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242548 9]<br />
| BX<br />
| style="background: #C40062;"|'''Bordeaux Line'''<br />
| 1986<br />
| 14,00 km<br />
| 13<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/135874133 Teyomuka]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/201033004 Shōryān Daishi]<br />
| <br />
* Shinsabu Line from Shōryān Daishi to Hidano (all-stop service only)<br />
| <br />
* The line is the first of the lower capacity lines built in the city. Trains have 6 cars and are fully automated. <br />
* A possible extension to Tsukasai (IR and Agarai-Dōnpuku Line) is in the study phase.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242569 10]<br />
| SO<br />
| style="background: #C46200;"|'''Shakiose Line'''<br />
| 1969<br />
| 32,80 km<br />
| 29<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/122138475 Shakihori]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/229655683 Uhāra-Motu]<br />
| <br />
* Shikisabu Railway to [TBD]<br />
| <br />
* Runs parallel to the Shakihori Line between Niji-Shakihori and Rillantsoye.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242579 11]<br />
| OD<br />
| style="background: #c5e1a5;"|'''Owonideki Line'''<br />
| 2012<br />
| 23.32 km<br />
| 22<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/147457618 Itsayuki-Tonjō]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370188 Jisahara]<br />
| <br />
* Onto the IR Shosen Line to Katayoshi-Juwon<br />
| <br />
* Running North-South mostly following Owonideki Boulevard in the West of the city<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242571 12]<br />
| IS<br />
| style="background: #86EBEB;"|'''Intsushitsa Line'''<br />
| 1995<br />
| 14.23 km<br />
| 13<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/187344184 Kayatsori]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370188 Mewakate-Kippai]<br />
[http://opengeofiction.net/node/342508941 Niji-Yōneo]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The line, one of the shortest of the system, is a fully automated middle-capacity subway, connecting the eastern center with Koyabi island<br />
* In 2020 a new 8,6 km branch line from Tanjānli to Niji-Yōneo opened.<br />
* Averagely 4 services per hour terminate in Mewakate-Kippai, 6 in Niji-Yōneo, and 4 Tanjānli.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242593 13]<br />
| TN<br />
| style="background: #36873c;"|'''Tsuruna Line'''<br />
| 2003<br />
| 39.40 km<br />
| 29<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/229660683 SAIA Cargo Center]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/176765160 Showanul] / [http://opengeofiction.net/node/126143726 Kashimochi]<br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* Passing mostly underground beneath Tsuruna Yaon, the line connects Asunahama International Airport with the western part of the city via Riimibaiken and Tahamuro. <br />
* In the southern part, a spur line connects the mainline from Tsuruna-Mistukane to Showanul, to offer interchanges with IR Lines and IZX Services. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/72E400 14]<br />
| NO<br />
| style="background: #72E400"|'''Nanpuku Otsumi Line'''<br />
| 2004<br />
| 22.57 km<br />
| 20<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/124066185 Migawarae]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370166 Tanjānli] <br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* One of the most heavily used lines of the system, the line connects the busy central hubs of Masuda Agarai, Jufurai, the island of Intsushitsa with the north-eastern districts.<br />
* From the current terminus of Migawarae, an extension to Dankau is in the process of being built.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242580 15]<br />
| UN<br />
| style="background: #db287a"|'''Urenosomi Line'''<br />
| 2010<br />
| 34.31 km<br />
| 24<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/229660683 SAIA Cargo Center]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/176874425 Sakamuso] <br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* Between SAIA Cargo Center and Bibaisone tracks are shared with Line 13 (Tsuruna Line)<br />
* The line draws a semicircle on the western and southern extremities of West Sainðaul.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242570 16]<br />
| KW<br />
| style="background: #816cb1"|'''Kyokwan Line'''<br />
| 2013<br />
| 71.50 km<br />
| 52<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/188445611 Tsukitonai]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/126493368 Kamaishi Kaiyan Kōwen] <br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* The line forms an almost complete mega-loop around the two city centers, connecting prime business areas such as Koneei in Bajikoe with the outer suburbs on the eastern side.<br />
* The tracks are shared with Line 18 between Chikayuda and Kingaus Sangu.<br />
* The original project called for a mega-loop to be completed on the southern part, passing through Kashimochi and Utsullani Islands, but lack of funding so far blocked the project. The estimated cost of completing the line, according to 2020 calculations, is 11.2 billion Etsi. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242573 17]<br />
| ZK<br />
| style="background: #f985bb"|'''Zakumi Line'''<br />
| 2013<br />
| 51.83 km<br />
| 38<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/251115566 Tswankanami Airport] <br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370188 Mewakate Kippai] / [http://opengeofiction.net/node/193581001 Kungaus Sangu Shikumun] <br />
| <br />
* To Kirijima via the IR Gashi Line<br />
|<br />
* The line runs west-east in the northern part of West Sainðaul, and North-South in the Eastern side.<br />
* The pattern is mostly divided into two sections: Kungaus Sangu Shikimun to Tswankanami Airport (or Bibantōri and onwards on the Gashi Line), and Kungaus Sangu to Mewakate Kippai. Some rapid trains however run the whole line in about 55 minutes. <br />
* The tracks are shared with Line 17 between Chikayuda and Kingaus Sangu, and with Line 18 between IDK Arena Station and the Mewakate Kippai terminus.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/292343 18]<br />
| JF<br />
| style="background: #999999"|'''Jufurai Line'''<br />
| 1998<br />
| 27.51 km<br />
| 20<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/229672837 Nari-Gotsurindai]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370188 Mewakate Kippai]<br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* The line runs north-south in the Eastern part of Sainðaul, mainly passing through Jufurai, hence the name<br />
* The subway partially uses tracks of the former IR Dunkōn Line.<br />
* The tracks are shared with Line 17 between IDK Arena Station and the Mewakate Kippai terminus.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/292343 -]<br />
| HO<br />
| style="background: #CD5C5C"|'''Hoze-Oyehatton Line'''<br />
| 2019<br />
| 13.64 km<br />
| 13<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/136187245 Takatsura]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/196658319 Kadokamahiwa]<br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* Fully automated 4 cars light subway line serving the western business district.<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
;Other private metro-like systems<br />
{| class="wikitable" <br />
|-<br />
! Rel<br />
! Code<br />
! Line name<br />
! Opening year<br />
! Extension<br />
! Stations<br />
! Terminus A<br />
! Terminus B<br />
! Thru Service<br />
! Main facts<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/411419 -]<br />
| SX<br />
| style="background: #B22222;"|'''Shubaru Express'''<br />
| 2016<br />
| 53,89 km<br />
| 19<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/124066084 Herubori]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/345089878 Torino Jutakutsi]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* A new privately owned express rail system, it connects Shiratsuki City, east of the metropolitan area, to Herubori over a length of more than 50 km. <br />
* The maximum speed of the trains is 160 km/h (express trains), allowing a travel time of 35 minutes between the two termini (with stops only at Torino Jutakutsi - Shin-Shiratsuki - Jukkapunka - Taimasaki - Kawaei Stadium - Hayatogaru - Agarai-Tomasue - Eiganji - Herubori).<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{{#multimaps: <br />
| service = OGF<br />
| center = 36.0118, 128.8961<br />
| width = 100%<br />
| height = 1000px<br />
| zoom = 12<br />
| maxzoom = 19<br />
| layers = +Standard,+TopoMap<br />
| overlays = +Metro,+Other systems,+Thru services<br />
| overlaydef = {<br />
"Metro": {"function": "publicTransport", "param": [242567, 242593, 242571, 242579, 242569, 242548, 242546, 242576, 242578, 242577, 242547, 242566, 242565, 242549, 242343, 242573, 242570, 242580, 292343]},<br />
"Other systems": {"function": "publicTransport", "param": [303201, 242613, 283141, 283140, 242568, 242572]},<br />
"Thru services": {"function": "publicTransport", "param": [272674, 303222, 303223, 303227, 303270]}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
====High Speed Railway====<br />
The high speed trains run on a mostly dedicated alignment. The most busy link is the '''Kubori Main High Speed Line''' (久保李本高鐵線, ''Kubori Hon-kōchessen''), also called '''Keishin IZX Line''' (京深IZX線, ''Keishin Iziikksu sen'') linking Sainðaul Station with Warohan, the second city in size of Izaland. Within the Capital Special Administration District the trains originating Sainðaul call at [[Kasakuri Station|Kasakuri]], the main station for the High Speed trains in Bajikoe, to head then to [[Sainðaul Asunahama International Airport]], having a dedicated High Speed Railway station underneath. <br />
<br />
Other lines stretching from Sainðaul to the continental area are the '''West Sea High Speed Line''' (西海高鐵線, ''Seikai kōchessen'') joining with Shirukami, and the '''Ryānkai IZX Line''' (両海高鐵線, ''Ryānkai kōchessen''), reaching [[Gaintei]] the access city to the highest peaks of Izaland, in the North-West of the country. <br />
<br />
====Projects====<br />
To decongest the millennium tunnel, a new project to build an alternative rail link between Sainðaul and Showanul is in progress, but due to the highly demanding technical challenges and the consequent costs, the building of this infrastructure is not going to happen anytime soon. This project is tentatively called '''Third East-West Rail Link vision''' (第三東西連絡鉄道線構想, ''Deisan dōnðai lyenlakusen kusān'').<br />
<br />
===Aviation===<br />
Sainðaul counts on three main airports: <br />
* '''Asunahama International Airport''', the main intercontinental gate of the city and Izaland, situated off-shore on an artificial island <br />
* '''Kanui Airport''', located close to the old center, active as a city airport and handling most of the domestic traffic<br />
* '''Tswankanami International Airport''', the former intercontinental airport of Izaland, now is mainly a hub for low cost carrier; located on the west side of the city, in Komokata Prefecture.<br />
<br />
====Asunahama International Airport====<br />
'''Sainðaul Asunahama International Airport''' (安作崎空島國際空港 - ''Saindzaul Asunahama Kukujai Kūnkō'') ([[WAAT]]: '''SUL''', [[ANACA]]: '''DZSL''') is the main international hub of [[Izaland]], main hub for [[Izaland Airlines]] and [[Uletha Eastern Airways]], serving all major international destinations worldwide.<br />
<br />
=====History=====<br />
[[File:Rinkuu.JPG|thumb|289px|The "Asunatotsu" bridge connecting the airport island with the mainland]]<br />
The airport opened in 2014 on a 9 sq km artificial island offshore Kubori island to relieve the congestion of the former '''Sainðaul Tswankanami Airport''', now reduced in size and used as a military base, and the '''Sainðaul Kanui Airport''', located in the continental area of the city, now serving mainly domestic and short haul destinations.<br />
<br />
=====Construction works=====<br />
The genesis of this airport backs to year 1998, when the former international airport of Izaland, '''Sainðaul Tswankanami Airport''' started to show signs of saturation. <br />
Different projects were made about the location for a new international airport, including the expansion of the main domestic terminal of Kanui Airport. However, the promising growth of international flights pushed for a wider projects, so the idea of creating a wide airport on an international island took over.<br />
<br />
At first, there were different ideas for the location of the new airport, including near Kawayatsu or Sabullan. However, the Ministry of Infrastructure, asked, in 2001, to locate the new airport possibly along the route of the newly to be built high speed railway (the [[Sainðaul - Warohan Saikai Line]]), so an area in Komokata Prefecture, about 2,4 km offshore between Riimibaiken and Chikawari was chosen, due to the low depth of the sea (not more than 35 m in the deepest area). Particular attention was made to avoid endangering the reef located in the area. <br />
<br />
The preliminary project was ready by september 2005, and the complete financing of the airport, including the undersea high speed railway, was done by spring 2007. <br />
Building works started finally in 2008, first by landfilling the area to create the island. At the same time, tunnel boring machines started digging the two single tracked 18,7 km tunnels from Komokata to Chikawari area, and the HSR station was nearly completed by 2012. The last two years were taken to complete the construction of the airport terminal itself. <br />
<br />
In 2017, due to the increasing low cost flights, especially by the growing IzaFly low cost carrier, a new terminal was built on the southern area of Asunahama island. <br />
The terminal behaves actually as a satellite building, as everyone needs to pass through the check in and immigrations of the main building. The transfer to the low cost terminal is guaranteed by a inter-terminal people mover.<br />
<br />
=====Naming=====<br />
Since the landfilling of the airport island has been one of the biggest project in Izaland, at an estimated cost of about 18 billion USD, a symbolic name was chosen fo the island, calling it '''Asunahama''' (空島, ''asunahama''), meaning "sky island". This name was also chosen to call the airport itself. <br />
<br />
=====Transportation=====<br />
[[File:Airport_Station_2018_08_part2.jpg|thumb|289px|Inside the airport transit station]]<br />
;Road access<br />
The airport island is connected to the mainland by a 2,1 km steel and concrete, the '''Asunatotsu''' bridge (meaning "Sky Bridge").<br />
The bridge is connected to the Keishin Expressway via the '''Asunatotsu IC'''. It is also possible to access to the airport island via a freeway.<br />
<br />
;Rail access<br />
The airport boasts a transit center offering interchange between 2 subway lines, 5 railway services (including the [[Airport Express (Sainðaul)|Airport Express]] and the high speed railway. The hub station of '''Sainðaul Asunahama International Airport''' is located underground, between the parking area and the airport main terminal itself. Access to the arrival lobby is guaranteed by a gentle slope with mobile walkways, while the access to the 4th floor departure lobby is helped by escalators and direct lifts. <br />
<br />
In 2018 opened a 35 minutes train service, the non-stop SATMEX ('''Sainðaul Airports Transit MegaExpress'''), allowing hassle-less transit between intercontinental and domestic flights at Kanui Airport (the train takes to Osenude station, from which mobile walkways lead to the terminal).<br />
<br />
=== Waterways ===<br />
Water transport has always played a primary role in the connections between the dozens of islands that make up the territory of the city. In particular, until the middle of the last century, when there were still no fixed connections between east and west, the Strait of Tandan, where Sainðaul stays, was an extremely busy strip of sea, where hundreds of ferries and vessels passed through every day.<br />
The approximately 25 km north-south extension of the Sainðaul port area has several ports and moorings. As for the eastern side, from north to south the main piers are:<br />
* Gotsurindai<br />
* Kishagoi<br />
* Fukori<br />
* Tsukasai<br />
* Tsutomaku <br />
* Nagaya<br />
<br />
The main ones located on the western shore are:<br />
* Samopuke<br />
* Kasakuri<br />
* Tsuragoi <br />
<br />
[[Category:Izaland]]</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=Forum:Territory_application/AR005_-_Shekud%C5%8D_Izaki/%E8%B5%A4%E9%81%93%E8%8F%AF%E9%82%A6_(Equatorial_Izaland)&diff=22988Forum:Territory application/AR005 - Shekudō Izaki/赤道華邦 (Equatorial Izaland)2024-03-15T08:53:33Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: Brought the discussion on top since it has sunk and perhaps not noticed</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
<div class="forumheader" style="margin: 1; background-color: #eeeeee; text-align: left; padding: 5px;">'''[[Forum:Index|Forums]] &rarr; [[Forum:Territory application|Territory application]] &rarr; {{PAGENAME}}'''</div><br />
[[Category:Territory application posts]]<br />
<br />
<!-- Replace all WRITE HERE items with your application specifics, be sure to preview the page. Preview also displays extra explanation for each section --><br />
<!-- Expert user? change one bit of text and then use the pencil icon to switch to Source Editing --><br />
<br />
:''Please fill in the information below to make a territory request.''<br />
<br />
{{Territory application id and name}}<br />
<br />
[Https://opengeofiction.net/relation/84523 AR005] - Shekudō Izaki/赤道華邦 (Equatorial Izaland in Ingerish)<br />
<br />
[https://imgur.com/a/hP708ue Sketch of Shekudō Izaki].<br />
<br />
=== Reasons for this request ===<br />
I am aware that I already own Izaland as a first territory and am coordinator for a second one, both (especially Plevia) still with vast areas to be filled in and detailed, but I would still like to apply for this small territory in order to try my hand at an equatorial area, credibly and truly blending a "Japanese" style with an indigenous one, both linguistically and anthropologically.<br />
<br />
{{territory application physical geography}}<br />
<br />
Shekudō Izaki covers about 35 thousand square kilometers, facing the Gulf of ??? to the north, and bordering Majesia to the west, and Castilea Archantea to the east. <br />
<br />
Located a few degrees south of the equator, the climate is equatorial-tropical, with annual temperatures consistently around 28 to 32 degrees and high humidity levels. <br />
<br />
According to the Köppen classification, the climate is <u>Tropical rainforest climate (Af)</u> in the coastal belt, up to about 100 km inland, where it changes to <u>Tropical monsoon climate (Am)</u>.<br />
<br />
The large extent of tropical forest certainly makes Shekudō Izaki the area with the greatest biodiversity in Izaland, and in <span style="color:#FF0000">recent years</span>, attempts of preserving the environment has been reflected in <span style="color:#FF0000">some</span> conservation projects, <span style="color:#FF0000">although years of resource exploitations, especially in the inner part, have left much environmental damage</span>. <br />
<br />
<span style="color:#FF0000">Overall, the country is relatively safe, making it an emerging</span> destination for eco-tourism.<br />
<br />
(The current layout of Teluktebu will be maintained, basically, with the addition of a few islands along the coast. )<br />
<br />
{{territory application human geography}}<br />
<br />
Three-quarters of the area is covered by tropical forest, and most of the population lives along the coast. <br />
<br />
=== Cities and population ===<br />
Shekudō Izaki has a population of 1.8 million with a positive growth of 1,34% per year. <br />
<br />
The capital is '''Ribochanja (里母長紗市)''', and it has about 620,000 inhabitants (''1.3 million counting the metropolitan area''). Ribochanja, which began as a port for sorting and shipping spices, cocoa, and coffee to the motherland, in recent years also bases its economy on finance and tourism.<br />
<br />
The second city, '''Bandarsungai (𖬡𖬰ᐢ𖬣𖬰ᣗ𖬖𐐢ᐢ𖬭𖬰ᐟ𖭐市)''', with 182,000 inhabitants, is located near the border with Majesia, and its population is mostly Majesian-speaking and of Imani religions.<br />
<br />
=== Infrastructure ===<br />
The road infrastructure is arranged on an east-west axis along the coast, and there is a toll highway that stretches for about <span style="color:#FF0000">150 km around the main urban area</span>.<br />
<br />
There are few roads <span style="color:#FF0000">and by now mostly abandoned railways</span> penetrating inland, most built to reach <span style="color:#FF0000">the now terminated, or near to it</span> mining deposits (gold and bauxite) during the 1960s. <br />
<br />
The railway network consists of a metric-gauge <span style="color:#FF0000">partially</span> electrified line with some doubled sections in the capital area and some branches in the northwest, and a line that stumbles along the Ladaki River for a few tens of kilometers to the east. The capital has a compact tramway network <span style="color:#FF0000">(abput 3 lines, plus a couple more in construction)</span> that assists a suburban rail system.<br />
<br />
The territory has <span style="color:#FF0000">two</span> international airports, one near the capital, and one in the eastern part of the coast. Other small stopovers provide access to villages isolated from the road network. Ribochanja International Airport is connected daily with Saindzaul, and with 3 flights a week with Warohan.<br />
<br />
{{territory application history and culture}}<br />
<br />
=== Historical background ===<br />
Shekudō Izaki is an overseas collectivity of Izaland (華邦海外領土), what remains of a series of colonies and trading outposts owned between the 17th and 20th centuries. <br />
<br />
Gradually coming under Izaland rule beginning in 1615, with the opening of the free port of Shinkō (新港), at the hands of the South Sea Trading Company (南陽貿易会社, Nannyān Mauyeku Kwisha), at that time the territory, called Teluktebu was inhabited by local Majesian-Central Archantan and other Maja peoples. <br />
<br />
==== Future independence? ====<br />
Recent decades have seen several attempts to separate from Izaland, including a tumultuous period of terrorist attacks in the 1990s. In 2018, a referendum for independence was held, but the population was divided between yes and no, leading, at least for now, to a stalemate.<br />
<br />
=== Population ethnicities and language ===<br />
In modern times the population is mostly (about 65%) indigenous, with 8% Majesian, 9% of Bai origin, 12% ethnic Izaki, and 6% other composition.<br />
<br />
'''The official languages''' are Izaki, Majesian, and Teny ny olona (corresponding to Malagasy in the real world), in addition to the Bai language, Lutangese, and a number of local and pidgin idioms. <br />
<br />
Most indigenous place names are rendered in Izaki using the Askaoza system. There is, however, also a version in byakuji (the characters of Bai), but because of the excessive forcing required to render long names in Teny ny olona language, as of 1993 non-Izaki place names are rendered in Askaoza.<br />
<br />
=== Social structure ===<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#FF0000">One of the main challenges for the territory is the social inequality and the distribution of wealth, which is more fragmented and contrasted with that of the motherland. People living under the poverty line are about 14% of the population as of 2024.</span><br />
<br />
{{territory application past mapping}}<br />
<br />
Main territory: [https://opengeofiction.net/relation/66826 Izaland] <br />
<br />
Collab territory (coordinator): [https://opengeofiction.net/relation/182493 Plevia] <br />
<br />
Some examples of work that may be useful for the purpose of evaluating this application.<br />
<br />
{{coord|name=Komishinan City|zoom=13|latitude=36.1774|longitude=127.501}}<br />
<br />
{{coord|name=Ovāsa Island|zoom=13|latitude=32.3422|longitude=125.5182}}<br />
<br />
{{coord|name=Junlai Quarry|zoom=15|latitude=33.7447|longitude=127.4963}}<br />
<br />
{{coord|name=Izaki Alps|zoom=15|latitude=40.3219|longitude=126.3778}}<br />
<br />
{{coord|name=Sainðaul|zoom=12|latitude=36.0038|longitude=128.9160}}<br />
<br />
{{territory application username and date}}<br />
<br />
--[[User:Izaland Terramorphing Committee|Izaland Terramorphing Committee]] ([[User talk:Izaland Terramorphing Committee|talk]]) 10:54, 11 February 2024 (UTC)<br />
<br />
== Discussion ==<br />
{{territory application discussion}}<br />
<br />
* Hi, can you expand a bit on how you intend to map this Equatorial extractive economy? Keen to see realism, inequality and a bit uneasy with the sketch map and statements such as "awareness of the importance of preserving the environment has been reflected in numerous conservation projects" and "safety of the country also makes it a renowned .. destination for eco-tourism". I think there would be both a real challenge and reward in getting this right, rather than another utopia. Thanks/[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 00:45, 19 February 2024 (UTC)<br />
<br />
Hi, sorry for my late reply, and thank you for the feedback. <br><br />
Most of the mapping will be along the coast, and I plan to focus especially on the port infrastructure, which will be developed specifically to export the materials mined inland to the motherland. <br />
<br>Inland, there will be a number of mining sites with their respective worker villages. Land transportation will be limited to one or two single arterial roads, as well as river transportation along the Lodak River to the east. <br>Of course, as nice as it is, utopias do not exist, so I will try as much as possible to show on the map the effects of what has been and still is an economic exploitation of natural resources, if that is what you are referring to. <br>I am not sure if I have answered your question correctly, but if something is missing, let me know and I will try to add it!<br />
--[[User:Izaland Terramorphing Committee|Izaland Terramorphing Committee]] ([[User talk:Izaland Terramorphing Committee|talk]]) 15:04, 24 February 2024 (UTC)<br />
<br />
: I'm uneasy with statements such as "awareness of the importance of preserving the environment has been reflected in numerous conservation projects", "safety of the country also makes it a renowned (but not cheap) destination for eco-tourism", "in recent years also bases its economy on finance and tourism", " a toll highway that stretches for about 300 km"... As you know, there's no shortage of countries in OGF with far too high GDP, too much developed infrastructure, ... These statements firmly start me thinking along those lines.<br />
: Given the existing territories, I'd much prefer this one to be both a challenge with the geography and culture, but more importantly the inequality of an extractive economy. One where the mineral riches are not matched by well developed infrastructure. One where the mineral riches have been used to fund the development of the main Izaki economy.<br />
: So: patchy/limited highways, limited and abandoned railways focussed on the mines, clear areas of priority to industry over environment.<br />
: If that's where you want to take this application, can you update the sketch to reflect? /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 10:12, 26 February 2024 (UTC)<br />
<br />
:: Thank you for your further explanation of what you would like to see in this area. Even though this is a bit out of my mapping comfort zone, I am taking these requests as an opportunity to grow in my experience, so I will work on the points in the main sketch later today or tomorrow. <br />
:: Just one thought. Today, Japan (from which Izaland is inspired) has no colonies or former territories. Of course, we know that until WW2 Japan had extensive exploitation of resources in other countries in SE Asia, for example the phosphate mines in Nauru and other mineral extraction in Manchuria, but if those colonies/dependencies were to last until today, I wonder how infrastructural the development in the area would be (leaving aside environmental issues and eco-friendliness). Still, with a gap between mainland Japan and these colonies, I think there would be a fair amount of development. What do you think?<br />
:: Thank you --[[User:Izaland Terramorphing Committee|Izaland Terramorphing Committee]] ([[User talk:Izaland Terramorphing Committee|talk]]) 00:45, 27 February 2024 (UTC)<br />
<br />
Just thought of adding a few cents to this. <br />
<br />
This proposal is a bit similar to Okinawa, which is part of Japan but subtropical and generally has a warmer climate than Japan proper. And also [[Wikipedia:French Guiana|French Guiana]], a tropical exclave of France. French Guiana's economy is reliant on fishing, gold mining and timber, and the Guiana Space Centre played a significant role in the local economy. From the proposal, this Izaki exclave also seems manufacturing and port are also significant contributors (replacing the space centre, of course).<br />
<br />
I can imagine perhaps that most modern developments are concentrated along the coastal area, which explains the 300km coastal highway. I can imagine Izaland wanting to keep investing in this colony, so the urban centres would see substantial modern developments. In contrast, the interior would probably see fewer developments, and perhaps a significant extent of environmental destruction due to mining activities.<br />
<br />
In Singapore, we have former quarries which are being reclaimed by nature. Certainly it's possible that after the shutdown of the colony's mines work began to restore nature, and hence promote some eco-tourism in the country. Okinawa, after all, is also reliant on tourism, so I can imagine this shift.<br />
<br />
Overall, realistically I can see this colony's level of development to be similar to French Guiana. Replace the space port with sea port, plus perhaps adding an Izaki air base and military base and we got this colony. I can imagine however the colony could be in decline due to competition with Majesian and CCA ports, and the territory is rather inland, so it might not be very attractive for international shipping routes in the Asperic.<br />
<br />
I hope these thoughts would help.--[[User:Zhenkang|Zhenkang]] ([[User talk:Zhenkang|talk]]) 07:29, 27 February 2024 (UTC)<br />
<br />
::: Thank you, [[User:Zhenkang|Zhenkang]], for participating to this discussion!<br />
::: [[User:Wangi|wangi]], I have now fixed some aspects of this application, please check them out and let me know if with this criteria is possible to proceed, or you want me to change something else.<br />
Thank you, --[[User:Izaland Terramorphing Committee|Izaland Terramorphing Committee]] ([[User talk:Izaland Terramorphing Committee|talk]]) 04:55, 2 March 2024 (UTC)<br />
<br />
<br />
<!-- replace this with {{territory application approved|summary of decision and signature|optionally useful information for the user}} or {{territory application closed|summary of decision and signature|optionally useful information for the user}} on closing --><br />
{{territory application in progress}}</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=Sain%C3%B0aul&diff=22946Sainðaul2024-03-12T15:00:09Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: /* Izarail Network */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{ Infobox settlement<br />
|coords_zoom = <br />
|coords_y = <br />
|coords_x = <br />
|layer = <br />
|name = Sainðaul<br />
|native_name = <span style="font-size:120%; line-height: 1.31em;">安作崎・首都特別自治区</span><br/> [[File:Saindzaul_in_kasechi.png|70px]]<br />
|settlement_type = [[Capital Special Administration District]]<br />
|image_flag = Sainzaul flag.png<br />
|flag_caption = Flag of Sainðaul<br />
|image_coat = <br />
|coat_caption = <br />
|loc_type1 = Country<br />
|loc_name1 = [[Izaland]]<br />
|loc_type2 = <br />
|loc_name2 = <br />
| image_custom = <br />
| alt_custom = <br />
| custom_caption = <br />
|image_map = Saindzaul_montage.jpg<br />
|alt_map = <br />
|map_caption = '''From top, left to right''': Tsumiji Station area, Shiitehongi Sumatai Shrine, the dense skyscraper cluster of Eigandan-Senpyan, the Presidential Palace in Kokendake, a view of Kanbata Business Center, the pedestrian street of Tofyushanku Lan, a skater jumping in front of the city skyline, Saint Jeronym Cathedral, night view of Jaihonmu Lan<br />
|ethnic_groups =<br />
|ethnic_groups_year =<br />
|nationalities = Izaki<br />
|demonym = Saindzaulian <br />
|leader_title1 = City Governor<br />
|leader_name1 = Jumyo Attenki<br/>(寿苗掬石)<br />
|leader_title2 = Vice Governor<br />
|leader_name2 = Nahami Tossari<br />
|area_type1 = Total<br />
|area_size1_km2 = 591,12<br />
|area_type2 = <br />
|area_size2_km2 =<br />
|elevation_m = 0 - 567 <br />
|elevation_ft =<br />
|population_estimate = 14,829,146<br />
|population_estimate_year = 2021<br />
|population_census = <br />
|population_census_year = <br />
|population_density_km2 = <br />
|population_density_sq_mi = <br />
|postal_code = 100-0001 - 100-0599<br />
|telephone_code = 02<br />
|metro = tbd<br />
|tram = <br />
|website = toshi.saindzaul.gov.iz<br />
|}}<br />
<br />
'''Sainðaul''' (𖬖ᣟᛁᐡ𖬪𖬰ᣟ𐐢ᘁ, 安作崎・首都特別自治区 ''Sainðaul shuto tukubyes jitsiku''; traditional name in Ingerish '''Sinezawool''', Gaerman '''Zeinzwaül''', IPA reading: /'sainʣa‿ul/) is the largest city and the national capital of [[Izaland]], located one third from north of the country across the Tandan Strait. Sainðaul is one of the most crucial international hubs for economym, culture, finance, production and tourism with nearly 15 millions inhabitants in the metropolitan city (the National Capital District, which corresponds to the city area plus some suburbs), increasing to 22,6 millions including the [[Greater Sainðaul Metropolitan Area]].<br />
<br />
== Etymology - 地名由来==<br />
The name Sainðaul has uncertain origins, and the first records showing something similar to the current name date back to 1243, as in the '''Kojunjasshishū''' (古旬雑詩集) poem the name "Saen Tsoi Ōl" is mentioned. The [[hanji]] currently used for the city name, 安作崎, literally mean "peace - making - promontory", and were first introduced in the Agahaki Reforms of 1659, probably to represent the sound rather for the real meaning.<br />
<br />
== Geography - 地質==<br />
Sainðaul is located accross the two shores of the Tandan Strait, occupying either the continental part of Izaland, either part of Kubori island. <br />
<br />
The original, oldest and historical core of the city is located on [[mount Kokendake]], a less than 200 m hill located 6 km from the central station, that represents the new center of the city. As the settlements expanded towards the sea, along the [[Ariston river]] delta and the nearby islands, since the beginning of the 20th century a wider expansion on the [[Kubori island]] side has seen a major development. Until 1946, the urbanization on Kubori island was actually a different entity, as it was made up of many villages and towns, being '''Bajikoe''' (桐塚, ''Bajikoe'') the main center, with a population of less than 800,000 people in 1945. Even today, going to the western side of the city is referred as "traveling to Bajikoe", although being the western part larger than the original center, the definition is quite wide, so usually one specifies in which area is heading to. [[Bajikoe river|Bajikoe]] is also the name of one of the three rivers crossing the city and eventually reaching the [[Sound of Pa]] in the western area, the other two being [[Jaiken river]] and [[Kunkobe river]].<br />
<br />
The city is almost located on a flat location, however many of the islands in the bay are mountainous, such as Mount Romokagego (567) and Mount Kingaus (456 m), creating a beautiful views when crossing the strait. In the districts of Takarimoto and Tomanae, south west, there are also low mountains and hilly areas, while Garotsu ward also has a vast wetland area, and many little lakes.<br />
<br />
On the eastern part of the National Capital Special District, there are a bunch of towns under the special administration of the capital: Shakihori, Shimoroboe, Dankau, Kaimura and Yōneo. <br />
<br />
=== Climate ===<br />
<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<br />
The first settlements in the current area of Sainðaul date back to 7500 BC, as the necropolis of Chikurai and Oebatsun suggest. <br />
At that time the Ariston river delta was more inland than it is nowadays, and the civilization dwelling in this area was probably devoted to fishing.<br />
<br />
Talking about the first record of a community in the area, the most ancient settlement was probably the nowadays Pakkishoi, then called Arawis.<br />
<br />
==Neighborhoods and cityscape==<br />
[[File:Plaza Carso - CDMX - 2013 - 2.jpg|thumb|right|300px|External view of the DANKORE Museum of Art]]<br />
As already stated, Sainðaul is deeply divided geographically into the eastern, traditional area, and the western relatively recently developed portion, and this division is actually easy to feel while traveling within the city. <br />
<br />
The people living in the eastern part, still considered the city center, as it keeps the old town in Kokendake, the central station, most of the government buildings and some of the most ancient universities, watch from a position of superiority the newer western side (Bajikoe), located on Kubori island.<br />
Although nowadays the income and wealth differences between the two parts are nearly not visible, almost until half of the previous century Bajikoe area was widespreadly known to be relatively poor and undeveloped comparing to the affluent old city. <br />
<br />
Since the early 1990s, the west side has been the focus of a large number of public and private investments, with the construction of railways, subways and large real estate projects, particularly following the opening of the new Asunahama International Airport in 2014. This has attracted a large number of foreign companies, which have located their representative offices near the Eisen area (Eigandan-Senpyan), which is now a pole of competition with the traditional business district of Herubori, to the east.<br />
<br />
=== East side (東部) ===<br />
<div style="float: right; padding: 2px"><br />
{{#multimaps:<br />
| zoom = 12<br />
| height = 500px<br />
| width = 500px<br />
| center = 36.0216, 128.9876<br />
| Marker = 36.0164, 129.0320 ~ Kokendake ~ 古剣舘 <br />
| Marker = 36.02371, 129.04748 ~ Eikuku-ji Temple ~ 永國寺 ~ <br />
| Marker = 36.02644, 129.02727 ~ St. Anthony Cathedral ~ 聖𖬮ᐢ𖬁ᐤ𖭑ᛁᒢ大聖堂<br />
| Marker = 36.0289, 128.9975 ~ Kushidaru Amiya Station ~ <br />
| Marker = 36.0108, 128.9881 ~ Herubori Station ~ 杏登駅<br />
| Marker = 36.0204, 128.9663 ~ Sainðaul Central ~ 安作崎𖬖ɭᐢ𖬁𐐢𖬬ᐡ<br />
| Marker = 36.0374, 128.9754 ~ Ekinðuka / Rosemane ~ <br />
| Marker = 36.0567, 129.0087 ~ Jufurai ~ 朱布來 ~ <br />
}}<br />
</div><br />
The official name of the east side, in Izaki, is '''Dōnbu'' (東部), and this area indicates all the extension of Sainðaul on the Ulethian (continental) side. <br />
The core of the city is located on the delta of the Shirusano River, and on 27 islands located in front of it. Originally the Shirusano River flowed into the Tandan Strait with three branches, but some modifications made during the 19th century have diverted the course of the river and dried up some of the lateral branches, modifying the structure of the delta.<br />
<br />
The most notable areas of the east side are:<br />
<br />
*'''Kokendake''', placed on the central-eastern area of the city, is the original core, with the historical center located on Mount Kokendake, registered as a [[Ulethan Heritage Site]]. This old town like area, places at a height of 100 to 150 m on the sea level, overlooks the rest of the newest urban development, and is often considered as the "Terrace of Sainðaul". On the back of Kokendake there are two wide Buddhist temple areas, also part of the historical and cultural heritage, while the front area downhill hosts the huge '''Kokendake Palace''' esplanade and the park itself, extending more than 1,3 square kilometers.<br />
<br />
* North-east of the Kokendake hill we find the '''Eikuku-ji temple''', founded in 1467, and its surrounding, one of the oldest areas of the historic center.<br />
<br />
* Near '''Kushidaru-Amiya station''' the most upscale and elegant area of Sainðaul takes place, with boutiques, refined restaurants and well established hotels in traditional historical buildings. The style of the buildings in this area, mostly built between the 18th and 19th centuries, are influenced by the cultural and architectural styles of the nations of the western Axian peninsula, with some Victorian, Neoclassical and Neo-Gothic buildings. During this age, many architects from Kojo and Saikyel built several noteworthy buildings, including the National Opera, St. Anthony's Cathedral, and the Parliament building, designed by ....<br />
<br />
*'''Herubori''' is a major business area, where most of the company headquarters are located, spreading as well towards '''Aketsue''' station, where media companies and design studios are concentrated. in the west area of Aketsue we also find '''Tomobeye Lan''', one of the hearts of the famosu Izaki teen culture, where apparel shops, cafes, restaurants and game centers are especially spread.<br />
<br />
* The '''Sainðaul Central Station''' east area, the result of an urban refurbishment project carried on during the 80s, with the 750 m long Noujinkade Boulevard, notable buildings such as the '''Sainðaul City Hall''', designed by the famous Izaki architect Pakali Yassukōri or the central library (architect: Kinshōn Erauki). Other points of interest include the Botanic Gardens, the '''Higoi Tamutta Museum of Art''', visited every year by 20 millions of visitors, especially for objects like "the shadow" or "suspended", the Kaipō-ji Temple and Saint Luke cathedral. The west square of the station covers the [[IZX]] high speed trains and the Airport Express platform, and continues with the Oboehari Business Park.<br />
<br />
* The area between '''Ekinðuka''' and '''Rosemane''' is the main museum area of the city, where there is also an open air fossil park with some dinosaurs and other prehistorical animal rests exhibited open air. Also, in this area there are most of the embassies. <br />
<br />
* '''Shakihori''', with a population of over half a million, is an important satellite city, located north of the capital. Initially developed as bed-town, in recent years it has seen a very high growth in population, thanks to lower costs and the presence of some new university campuses that have attracted students from all countries. Here there are also Mount Katanase and Mount Yunchukahe, favorite destinations for the inhabitants of Sainðaul to be able to spend a day in nature just a few minutes from the center.<br />
<br />
* '''Jufurai''' is located north of the central area of the city, and is one of the most affluent residential areas. Here is the park of the same name, the largest in Sainðaul, and some of the most expensive homes, including villas with swimming pools and luxury residential towers.<br />
<br />
<gallery caption="Views of the East side" widths="220px" heights="150px" ><br />
Guangzhou_Opera_House.png|Herubori business district seen from the Eigan-ji Temple<br />
Changdeokgung Palace Oct 2014 006.JPG|The entrance to the Yotaidyen Royal Palace<br />
Ministry_of_Justice_Japan03s3200.jpg|The Parliament House building<br />
Hannoveraner_Opernhaus.jpg|The Opera House<br />
Mongchonhaeja_1.jpg|The Ekinðuka Park<br />
Matsugamine_Catholic_Church_(front)_2013-01-30.JPG|The Cathedral of Saint Anthony<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
===West side (西部)===<br />
Although most of the people say "Bajikoe Area" to indicate the west side, on Kubori island, of Sainðaul, the official calling is '''Saibu'' (西部), literally meaning "west area". <br />
<br />
Coming from the east side, the first approach is probably going to be '''Kasakuri Station''', also a stop for the IZX services, and most of the [[Izarail]] cross-city network.<br />
Kasakuri Station is mainly a junction point, although some corporation headquarters, high rise residential towers and some shopping malls are also located. North of Kasakuri, the main logistics and goods shipping port area extends, with some cultural venues such as the '''DANKORE Museum of Art'''. <br />
<br />
Most of Hokusei ward is residential in its western side, and occupied by port facilities, warehouses and distribution centers on the eastern side.<br />
<br />
;Eigandan-Senpyan (永玵段船駢 / 𖬮ɭᛁ𖬖ɭᐢ)<br />
[[File:Eisen night view(ai-gen).jpg|400px|thumb|right|View of the business district of Eigandan-Senpyan by night]]<br />
Eigandan-Senpyan, commonly known as Eisen by the locals, is the bustling business core of western Sainðaul. Renowned for its vibrant commercial atmosphere, it serves as a hub for numerous international companies and multinationals, which have established their local branch offices here. One of the key factors contributing to its popularity is its direct and convenient link with the '''Asunahama International Airport''', just a short 15-minute ride away on the Airport Express.<br />
<br />
The area underwent a significant transformation with the 1996 redevelopment masterplan, resulting in a modern and dynamic cityscape, and it is home to some of the tallest buildings in Izaland, including "The Zenith." This iconic skyscraper stands tall with an impressive 94 floors and reaches a towering height of 423 meters. The presence of such architectural marvels adds to the skyline and symbolizes the district's economic prowess and cosmopolitan appeal.<br />
<br />
Despite the urbanity and towering structures, Eigandan-Senpyan seamlessly incorporates elements of natural beauty and tranquility into its modernity. The '''Ikasurun Park''', located in Pikamatsu, offers a serene oasis amidst the bustling city. Here, visitors can enjoy lush greenery, open spaces, and various recreational amenities, providing a perfect escape from the hectic urban lifestyle. Furthermore, the district is adorned with a picturesque green area that runs along the Baijikoe canal network. This carefully designed landscape harmoniously blends with the modern infrastructure, creating a refreshing environment for residents and visitors alike. The canal network not only enhances the aesthetic appeal of Eigandan-Senpyan but also contributes to the overall sustainability and ecological balance of the district.<br />
<br />
Eigandan-Senpyan stands as a testament to the city's commitment to progress, innovation, and the seamless integration of nature and urban development. It represents a vibrant and thriving business center, attracting international enterprises, while simultaneously offering a balance of modern amenities, green spaces, and recreational opportunities to ensure a high quality of life for its (rich) inhabitants.<br />
<br />
;[https://opengeofiction.net/#map=16/35.9798/128.7509&layers=B Riihisano]<br />
Riihisano, a vibrant district in south-western Sainðaul, is known for its unique blend of pop subculture, eccentric fashion, and youthful energy. It has captured the hearts of teenagers and university students, making it a popular destination for those seeking a trendy atmosphere. Riihisano's transportation is highly convenient, with excellent access provided by railways, subways, and trams. The picturesque Bajikoe canal is a major attraction, attracting people of all ages for leisure activities such as strolling, cycling, and picnicking. The canal is particularly enchanting during springtime when the district becomes famous for its breathtaking cherry blossoms.<br />
<br />
Riihisano's distinctive appeal lies in its thriving pop subculture, which is a hub of creativity and artistic expression. The streets are adorned with vibrant graffiti, and its shops and boutiques offer unique fashion items reflecting the district's eclectic and avant-garde style. The district also boasts a bustling nightlife, with numerous clubs, bars, and live music venues catering to the energetic and diverse tastes of its residents and visitors. From underground music scenes to mainstream pop performances, Riihisano's entertainment venues ensure there is never a dull moment in the district.<br />
<br />
=== Notable landmarks ===<br />
<br />
;List of the tallest structures<br />
{|class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"<br />
|-<br />
!scope="col"| Name<br />
!scope="col"| Image<br />
!scope="col"| Height<br /><small>[[Metre|m]] ([[Foot (length)|ft]])</small><br />
!scope="col"| Floors<br />
!scope="col"| Year<br />
!scope="col"| Ward<br />
!scope="col" class="unsortable"| Notes<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|20625217|Twaisahanga Tower 156}}<br />
|<br />
[[File:Tswaisahanga tower.png|150px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|782 (2566)<br />
| align="center"|156<br />
| align="center"|2017<br />
| <br />
| One of the tallest buildings in the world<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|25845866|Koneei BOX}}<br />
|[[File:Koneei BOX.png|40px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|485 (1591)<br />
| align="center"|86<br />
| align="center"|2016<br />
|<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|21622256|Eigandan Senpyan The Zenith}}<br />
|<br />
[[File:Eigandan Senpyan The Zenith.png|60px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|423 (1388)<br />
| align="center"|94<br />
| align="center"|2016<br />
|<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|22403749|Rosemane Gate Tower 105}}<br />
|<br />
[[File:Rosemane Gate Tower 105.png|40px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|416 (1364)<br />
| align="center"|105<br />
| align="center"|2008<br />
|<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{relation|242654|Vertigo Tower}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|401 (1315)<br />
| align="center"|76<br />
| align="center"|1998<br />
|<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|22673110|Firanda Tower}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|397 (1302)<br />
| align="center"|86<br />
| align="center"|2008<br />
| <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{relation|261284|Kashimas Tower NE}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|367 (1204)<br />
| align="center"|78<br />
| align="center"|2010<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{node|279009891|iLand Tower A}}<br />
|[[File:ILand Tower AD.png|40px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|342 (1122)<br />
| align="center"|85<br />
| align="center"|2016<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{node|279009888|iLand Tower D}}<br />
|[[File:ILand Tower AD.png|40px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|342 (1122)<br />
| align="center"|85<br />
| align="center"|2016<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|18555683|IDK Building}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|351 (1151)<br />
| align="center"|82<br />
| align="center"|2008<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|26332610|Ippenjaki Kajaringa Jutaku}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|331 (1085)<br />
| align="center"|68<br />
| align="center"|2019<br />
| <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|23840468|Ippenjaki Kajaringa Jutaku}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|323 (1063)<br />
| align="center"|67<br />
| align="center"|2008<br />
| <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|22673113|Eisen Station Tower}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|296 (971)<br />
| align="center"|69<br />
| align="center"|2010<br />
| <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
''To be continued''<br />
<br />
==Administrative divisions==<br />
Sainðaul does not exist as a '''city''' (市, ''shi'') per se, like the other cities of Izaland. Instead, its top level administrative definition is the '''Capital Special Administration District'''. The subdivisions of Sainðaul are 20 '''wards''' (區, ''ku''), four cities (市, ''shi'') and two towns (町, 'nata'):<br />
<br />
===Special Wards (特別区) ===<br />
{| class="wikitable" width = 650px style="font-size:90%;" align=center<br />
! Name<br />
! Askaozhi<br />
! Byakuzhi<br />
! Location<br />
! Population<br> (2021)<br />
|----------bgcolor=lightblue<br />
|Colspan=5 align=center|'''— Wards —'''<br />
|----------<br />
| Asaji-ku || 𖬮𖬖𖬐𖬰ᛁ𖬭𐐢|| 安佐寺區|| East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Bajikoe-ku || 𖬇𖬰𖬐𖬰ᛁ𖬭ᐤɭ𖬭𐐢|| 桐塚區|| West || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Garotsu-ku || 𖬭𖬰𖬬ᐤ𖬑𐐢𖬭𐐢|| 賀呂都區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Hayatogaru-ku || 𖬨𐭘𖬮𖬁ᐤ𖬭𖬰𖬬𐐢𖬭𐐢|| 久松區|| East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Intsushitsa-ku || 𖬮ᛁᐢ𖬑𐐢𖬔ᛁ𖬑𖬭𐐢 || 鰤基區|| East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Jufurai-ku ||𖬐𖬰𐐢𖬌𐐢𖬬꜉𖬭𐐢|| 朱布来區|| East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Juwon-ku || 𖬐𖬰𐐢𐩪𖬮ᐢ𖬭𐐢|| 中央區|| East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Keiyān-ku || 𖬭ᥫ𐭘𖬮⸠ᐢ𖬭𐐢|| 桂陽區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Kokendake-ku || 𖬭ᐤ𖬭ɭᐢ𖬒𖬰𖬭ɭ𖬭𐐢|| 古剣館區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Kyōði-ku || ꓩ𖬭⸠𖬑𖬰ᛁ𖬭𐐢|| 峡上區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Kyōyos-ku || ꓩ𖬭⸠ꓩ𖬮ᒢ𖬭𐐢|| 峡越區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Riihisano-ku || 𖬬ᛁ⸠𖬨ᛁ𖬖𖭑ᐤ𖬭𐐢|| 尾本區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Saikō-ku || 𖬖꜉𖬭ᐤ⸠𖬭𐐢|| 西港區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Shiki-ku || 𖬔ᛁ𖬭ᛁ𖬭𐐢|| 北區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Shutazai-ku || 𖬔𐐢𖬁𖬖𖬰꜉𖬭𐐢|| 守多彩區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Takarimoto-ku || 𖬁𖬭𖬬ᛁ𖬊ᐤ𖬁ᐤ𖬭𐐢|| 浚里鏡區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Tanahama-ku || 𖬁𖭑𖬨𖬊𖬭𐐢|| 多那島區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Tobeskauri-ku || 𖬁ᐤ𖬇𖬰ɭᒢ𖬭'𐐢𖬬ᛁ𖬭𐐢|| 鴨沼區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Tomanae-ku || 𖬁ᐤ𖬊𖭑'ɭ𖬭𐐢|| 庥内區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Wikkaman-ku || 𐐊𖬮𖬘𖬳𖬊ᐢ𖬭𐐢|| 昱賀満區|| West|| tbd<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Special cities===<br />
* '''Shakihori-shi''' (石登市)<br />
* '''Shimoroboe-shi''' (亀岡市)<br />
* '''Dankau-shi''' (檀洪市)<br />
* '''Ibaruno-shi''' (齒琉能市)<br />
<br />
===Special towns===<br />
* '''Kaimura-nata'''<br />
* '''Yōneo-nata'''<br />
<br />
==Transportation==<br />
Sainðaul is the main hub of the whole country transportation, and all the north-south transit passes through the city. For this reason Sainðaul boasts a very specialized network of road and rail corridors, beside being the main aviation terminal of the country.<br />
<br />
===Railways===<br />
The railway network expands north and south-west from the station of [[Sainðaul Central Station|Sainðaul Central]], one of the busiest stations in the world, with about 3 million users daily. From here conventional and high speed railway ([[IZX]]) cross the Tandan Strait linking the city center with Bajikoe (West) area and other destinations on Kubori Island. At the same way, from the central station other lines diramate to connect with the capital the other main cities of the Ulethian side of Izaland. <br />
<br />
[[File:Kanmon-tunnel railway.jpg|thumb|300px|View of the eastern entrance to the Millennium Tunnel]]<br />
In particular, the main rail link between the two sides of the capital runs in a 3 km 6 tracks undersea tunnel, called [[Millennium tunnel]] connecting the stations of Shin-Ikashuni and Kasakuri.<br />
Another railway link is the Line X of the subway, providing a direct connection for the northern suburbs of Sainðaul to the center of Bajikoe. Lastly, another undersea link is the Kawashaku Line, linking Bajikoe with [[Kawayatsu]], a city north from Sainðaul on the Ulethain side. <br />
<br />
The suburban railway system of Sainðaul is called [[Capital Suburban Network (Sainðaul)|Capital Suburban Network]], and is composed by 16 lines operated by Izarail, including the [[Loop Line (Sainðaul)|Loop Line]], (see below) a circular line running in the original center. On the western side of the city, the railway infrastructure runs on a north-south double corridor. <br />
<br />
====Izarail Network====<br />
Izarail's Capital Wider Suburban Mass Transit (首都圏廣域捷運, "shutokwen-kwannwiki-shōun") is the network of local and regional public transport that moves millions of people in and out of Sainðaul every day, connecting all the main towns and settlements whose inhabitants flock to the capital. As of 2024 it is made up of xxx lines, covering a total extension of xx km.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="text-align:center;"<br />
|-<br />
!Code <br />
!Line name<br />
!width=15%|Route(s)<br />
!width=8%|Type<br />
!width=8%|Opened<br />
!width=15%|Extension (km)<br />
!width=15%|Stations<br />
!width=20%|Typical frequency<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#34589F; color:white;" |'''LO'''||Loop Line (環状線)||Sainðaul Central ↔ Hayatogaru||All stop||1937|| 24,5 || 19 || 5 min<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#8dc159; color:white;" |'''KD'''||[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/272493 Kidai Line] (磯大線)||Kirijima ↔ Daihanji||Section rapid|| 1990|| 156,87|| 47 || 10-15 min<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#B8B895; color:white;" |'''CK'''||[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/272494 Chukkūn Line] (竹空線)||Moriyose ↔ Asunahama International Airport||All stop|| 2015|| 55,93|| 31 || 10-15 min<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#7AE3E3; color:black;" |'''SK'''||[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/272510 Seishaku Line] (盛石線)||Igattarun-Juwon ↔ Shakusa|| All stop||1985 || 103,95 || 49 <br />
|20 min (Shakusa - Showanul)</br><br />
20 min (Enikezya- Igattarun)</br><br />
10 min (Showanul - Enikezya)</br><br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#B16B48; color:white;" |'''GD'''||[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/272511 Gaekwan-Dōnbu Line] (外環東部線)||Nari-Shiratsuki ↔ Usehari|| All stop||2005 || 78,48 || TBD || 7-10 min<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#FF66CC; color:white;" |'''JD'''||[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/272492 Juwon-Kodōn Line] (中央湖東線)||Sainðaul ↔ Ninokawa|| Section rapid|| 1985 || 78,35 || TBD || 10 min<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#ffd320; color:black;" |'''RI'''||[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/414143 Riimiilla Line] (---線)||Riimibaiken ↔ Illashiya||All Stop||1985||100,56||35<br />
|5 min (Riimibaiken - Showanul)</br>10 min (Showanul - Yutsukabul)</br>20 min (Yutsukabul - Illashiya)<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#CC99FF; color:white;" |'''AX'''||[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/414569 Airport Express] (𖬒ɭ։ᣗ𖬡ᐤᣗ𖬣𐐢 𖬒ɭᒢ𖬡𐐢𖬬ɭᒢ)||Sabullan ↔ SAIA</br>Onnojaris ↔ SAIA </br> Illashiya ↔ SAIA||Limited Express|| 2014 || 57,58</br>84,45</br>111,30 || TBD || 20 min per section<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
; Loop Line<br />
The Eastern side of Sainðaul, has got a vital heavy rail line that forms a 24,5 km loop encircling the historic heart of the city. The Loop Line, or 環状線 (Kwanjān-sen) in Izaki, holds a significant place in the city's transport landscape.<br />
<br />
While the official launch of the service dates back to 1937, it's important to note that the Loop Line didn't come into existence as a single entity. Rather, it evolved from the amalgamation of various railway segments, skillfully connected over time. Operating with precision, the Loop Line offers a train frequency of every 5 minutes during typical daytime hours. However, the system gears up to serve the bustling rush hours, providing trains every 90 seconds to cater to the high demand. Some of the trains make Hayatogaru Station their terminus, which is equipped with maintenance and depot facilities<br />
<br />
The loop, standing out on city maps with its distinct prussian blue color, is not just a means of getting around; it serves as a hub of activity and is used daily by an impressive 1.7 million riders. This robust ridership underlines the line's pivotal role in connecting the city's diverse communities and shaping the urban flow of Sainðaul.<br />
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible"<br />
|+Stations list<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Code<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Station name<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Izaki<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Connections with<br />other railways<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Connections with<br />subway lines<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Location<br />
|-<br />
!LL01<br />
|Sainðaul Central<br />
|作安崎中央<br />
|<br />
* Airport Express<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Enishaku Line<br />
* Sainniga Line<br />
* Bajikoe-Dōnnei Line<br />
* IZX<br />
|<br />
*Line 1<br />
* Line 8<br />
*Line 10<br />
* Line 17<br />
* Shindōnsai Link<br />
| rowspan="2" |Juwon<br />
|-<br />
!LL02<br />
|Binno||苠喃<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Enishaku Line<br />
* Bajikoe-Dōnnei Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 4<br />
* Line 17<br />
|-<br />
!LL03<br />
|Shiitehongi||〇〇<br />
|<br />
* Enishaku Line<br />
* Limited Expresses<br />
|<br />
* Line 3<br />
|Shiki<br />
|-<br />
!LL04<br />
|Jigasungai Kōwen||〇〇<br />
|<br />
|<br />
*Line 18<br />
| rowspan="4" | Jufurai<br />
|-<br />
!LL05<br />
|Jufurai Kōwen Niji||朱布来公園西<br />
|<br />
|<br />
* Line 8<br />
* Line 16<br />
|-<br />
!LL06<br />
|Punoidan||〇〇<br />
|<br />
| (At Tensari Omuhate)<br />
* Line 1<br />
* Line 16<br />
|-<br />
!LL07<br />
|Rupekoppe||孱槻<br />
|<br />
| (At Tamanoke Tsunui)<br />
* Line 1<br />
|-<br />
!LL08<br />
|Isenebo||床踔<br />
|<br />
| <br />
* Line 14<br />
| rowspan="4" | Hayatogaru<br />
|-<br />
!LL09<br />
|Igashikura (Taishin Univ.) ||品山(泰進大)<br />
|<br />
* Kidai Line<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!LL10<br />
|Hayatogaru||久松<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Ansoku Line<br />
* Kidai Line<br />
* Sainniga Line<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!LL11<br />
|Rakkashoni||鳶腳<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
|<br />
*Line 2<br />
|-<br />
!LL12<br />
|Sumi-Kokendake||隠古剣館<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Ansoku Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 4<br />
(At Kushigae)<br />
* Line 16<br />
| rowspan="4" | Kokendake<br />
|-<br />
!LL13<br />
|Oritoku||壌外<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 10<br />
|-<br />
!LL14<br />
|Tomiganei||庭ヶ汢<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 9<br />
|-<br />
!LL15<br />
|Tagashiga||浚藻<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!LL16<br />
|Oiseharu||粕墾<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
(At Shin-Oiseharu)<br />
* Shinsabu Main Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 18<br />
| rowspan="4" | Juwon<br />
|-<br />
!LL17<br />
|Herubori||杏登<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
* Ansoku Line<br />
* Airport Express<br />
* Dōnkai Line<br />
* Shinsabu Main Line<br />
* IZX<br />
|<br />
* Line 3<br />
* Line 12<br />
|-<br />
!LL18<br />
|Obakura||〇〇<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 12<br />
* Line 14<br />
|-<br />
!LL19<br />
|Aketsue||薫都衛<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
* Daikiri Line<br />
* Kidai Line<br />
* Enishaku Line<br />
* Bajikoe-Dōnnei Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 12<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Other private railways complete the network of Sainðaul.<br />
<br />
===Tramways===<br />
Before the heavy development of subway lines, Sainðaul had an extensive network of tramways and streetcars, which still survive with a smaller network and some isolated lines in the areas not covered by heavy rail. Still nowadays, especially after the legislation of Mayor Ikaro Asahosai in 2003, a vast program of new tramway projects is on the way, and 126 km of new tracks are going to be laid by 2025. <br />
<br />
====Metro system====<br />
[[File:Metro Sainzaul logo with text.png|frameless|right]]<br />
The [[Sainðaul Metro]] is the mostly underground subway network of the metropolitan area, mainly developed on the two sides of the Tandan Strait. Only three lines cross the strait through the Kishagoi undersea tunnel. The system, as of 2024, is composed of 19 lines (metro proper) and extends on 673.93 km of network. A bunch of privately owned metro-like heavy and light railways complete the network. <br />
<br />
;Owned and run by Sainðaul Metro.<br />
{| class="wikitable" <br />
|-<br />
! Rel<br />
! Code<br />
! Line name<br />
! Opening year<br />
! Extension<br />
! Stations<br />
! Terminus A<br />
! Terminus B<br />
! Thru Service<br />
! Main facts<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242549 1]<br />
| AD<br />
| style="background: #FE7F00;"|'''Agarai-Dōnpuku Line'''<br />
| 1924<br />
| 51,66 km<br />
| 30<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/184719128 Ikashumai Sports Center]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/146716208 Enikezya Forum]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The second oldest line of the system, has been upgraded different times, and also offers and express/rapid services. <br />
* An extension from Ikashumai Sports Center to Yakata is in progress with the opening targeted by 2024<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242565 2]<br />
| HB<br />
| style="background: red;"|'''Hibaru Line'''<br />
| 1919<br />
| 36,02 km<br />
| 27<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/187344183 Naezoto]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/135394631 Mokoba]</br>[http://opengeofiction.net/node/188737257 Hintomaui]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The first subway line built in Izaland, and one of the first in Eastern Uletha, runs west-east in the old core of the city, giving access to the central station area, the government district of Amiya and the historical precincts of the Eikuku-ji Temple. <br />
* Further east the line divides into two branches, one leading to Mokoba, and the other serving as north-south corridod for the city of Oitsura.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242566 3]<br />
| SH<br />
| style="background: #009E4F;"|'''Shakihori Line'''<br />
| 1932<br />
| 42,96 km<br />
| 25<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/256366564 Ansan Shakuiadae]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370158 Iyogateri]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The third line of the Sainðaul Metro network, was first built to connect from north to south the central districts of the capital (Shiitehongi-Herubori). <br />
* In 2019 an extension from Bibawara to Ansan Shakuiadae opened<br />
* Offers a rapid service in the northern part, until Komayunden. South of this station all trains stop at all stations.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242547 4]<br />
| KO<br />
| style="background: #FFD912;"|'''Kokendake Line'''<br />
| 1937<br />
| 18,45 km<br />
| 15<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/129227893 Abawauri]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/126666499 Kawaei]<br />
| <br />
* Onto the Shinsabu Oitsura Line towards Oitsura<br />
* Onto the line 6 from Abawauri to Ipporai-Shindari (only a few trains)<br />
| <br />
* The fourth line of the Sainðaul Metro network, runs partially parallel to the Hibaru (red) line, touching the embassy district (Aguri), the government quarter and the old city (Kushigae, from which the name comes).<br />
* Since the 1998 upgrade, this was the first former line to have a rapid service<br />
* Thru service onto the Shinsabu Oitsura Line towards Oitsura since 1976<br />
|-<br />
|colspan="10"|<br />
[[File:SUL04.svg|1400px|frameless]]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242577 5]<br />
| KE<br />
| style="background: #9E6A51;"|'''Kirifunu Eigandan Line'''<br />
| 1941<br />
| 16,05 km<br />
| 13<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/176782928 Jisahara]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/126666499 Tsuragoi]<br />
| Onto the IR Shosen Line from Jisahara to Kemeusa<br />
| <br />
* The first line built in the Bajikoe area, with the shape of a reversed "L", connects east-west the central district (Konegisa Eigandan and Kirifunu Lan), bending south to Jisahara.<br />
* In 2013 the thru service on to the IR Shosen Line allows rapid trains to reach Komokata. Special trainsets run up to 180 km/h on the special tracks, making this one of the fastest subway in the world.<br />
* Between Komokata and Tsuragoi trains stop at all stations<br />
|-<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242578 6]<br />
| IP<br />
| style="background: #3465A4;"|'''Ipporai Line'''<br />
| 1967<br />
| 47,30 km<br />
| 30<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/259962136 Saibu-Panatsawa]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/229672837 Nari-Gotsurindai]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The first subway line crossing the Tandan Strait, was first built between Ezaesomu and Kotoshiruna in 1967<br />
* In 1973 the undersea tunnel allowed trains to reach Abawauri station, allowing for the first time subway trains to travel between the two sides of the city. This helped to lighten the congestion of the IR lines<br />
* The latest extensions are: from Abawari to Nari-Gotsurindai opened in 2008 (the two last stations, Nari-Gotsurindai and Norihoi are shared with line 18), and from Kōtō-Satahappi to Saibu-Panatsawa in 2018.<br />
* A possible extension via Hōnkūn to Iberotsuna is in the earlier survey stage<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242576 7]<br />
| BJ<br />
| style="background: #00A0BC;"|'''Bajikoe Line'''<br />
| 1972<br />
| 36,47 km<br />
| 29<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/196658312 Pwakkobe]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/147466401 Akettun Shendao]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The line has the shape of the number "5", linking the port area of Riimibaiken city (Komokata Pref.) with the central business district of west Sainðaul, running underneath Eigandan Lan and Shutazai-ku. <br />
* There is a project for a branch line dividing at Sangwya Jiku towards Chikawari, however, no funds are available as of 2022.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242546 8]<br />
| HM<br />
| style="background: #00A2D3;"|'''Hamaas Line'''<br />
| 1958<br />
| 23,95 km<br />
| 22<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/169508181 Kishagoi]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370155 Komayunden]<br />
| <br />
* IR Tandan Kaihyō Line from Kishagoi to Funoshoni<br />
* Ibaches Main Line from Jufurai to Ibaruno<br />
| <br />
* The line has the shape of a "V" letter, and connects the north-west of eastern Sainðaul with the north-east, after reaching all the central locations<br />
* Since it links many islands, the name of the line means "line of the islands".<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242548 9]<br />
| BX<br />
| style="background: #C40062;"|'''Bordeaux Line'''<br />
| 1986<br />
| 14,00 km<br />
| 13<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/135874133 Teyomuka]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/201033004 Shōryān Daishi]<br />
| <br />
* Shinsabu Line from Shōryān Daishi to Hidano (all-stop service only)<br />
| <br />
* The line is the first of the lower capacity lines built in the city. Trains have 6 cars and are fully automated. <br />
* A possible extension to Tsukasai (IR and Agarai-Dōnpuku Line) is in the study phase.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242569 10]<br />
| SO<br />
| style="background: #C46200;"|'''Shakiose Line'''<br />
| 1969<br />
| 32,80 km<br />
| 29<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/122138475 Shakihori]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/229655683 Uhāra-Motu]<br />
| <br />
* Shikisabu Railway to [TBD]<br />
| <br />
* Runs parallel to the Shakihori Line between Niji-Shakihori and Rillantsoye.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242579 11]<br />
| OD<br />
| style="background: #c5e1a5;"|'''Owonideki Line'''<br />
| 2012<br />
| 23.32 km<br />
| 22<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/147457618 Itsayuki-Tonjō]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370188 Jisahara]<br />
| <br />
* Onto the IR Shosen Line to Katayoshi-Juwon<br />
| <br />
* Running North-South mostly following Owonideki Boulevard in the West of the city<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242571 12]<br />
| IS<br />
| style="background: #86EBEB;"|'''Intsushitsa Line'''<br />
| 1995<br />
| 14.23 km<br />
| 13<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/187344184 Kayatsori]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370188 Mewakate-Kippai]<br />
[http://opengeofiction.net/node/342508941 Niji-Yōneo]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The line, one of the shortest of the system, is a fully automated middle-capacity subway, connecting the eastern center with Koyabi island<br />
* In 2020 a new 8,6 km branch line from Tanjānli to Niji-Yōneo opened.<br />
* Averagely 4 services per hour terminate in Mewakate-Kippai, 6 in Niji-Yōneo, and 4 Tanjānli.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242593 13]<br />
| TN<br />
| style="background: #36873c;"|'''Tsuruna Line'''<br />
| 2003<br />
| 39.40 km<br />
| 29<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/229660683 SAIA Cargo Center]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/176765160 Showanul] / [http://opengeofiction.net/node/126143726 Kashimochi]<br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* Passing mostly underground beneath Tsuruna Yaon, the line connects Asunahama International Airport with the western part of the city via Riimibaiken and Tahamuro. <br />
* In the southern part, a spur line connects the mainline from Tsuruna-Mistukane to Showanul, to offer interchanges with IR Lines and IZX Services. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/72E400 14]<br />
| NO<br />
| style="background: #72E400"|'''Nanpuku Otsumi Line'''<br />
| 2004<br />
| 22.57 km<br />
| 20<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/124066185 Migawarae]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370166 Tanjānli] <br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* One of the most heavily used lines of the system, the line connects the busy central hubs of Masuda Agarai, Jufurai, the island of Intsushitsa with the north-eastern districts.<br />
* From the current terminus of Migawarae, an extension to Dankau is in the process of being built.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242580 15]<br />
| UN<br />
| style="background: #db287a"|'''Urenosomi Line'''<br />
| 2010<br />
| 34.31 km<br />
| 24<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/229660683 SAIA Cargo Center]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/176874425 Sakamuso] <br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* Between SAIA Cargo Center and Bibaisone tracks are shared with Line 13 (Tsuruna Line)<br />
* The line draws a semicircle on the western and southern extremities of West Sainðaul.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242570 16]<br />
| KW<br />
| style="background: #816cb1"|'''Kyokwan Line'''<br />
| 2013<br />
| 71.50 km<br />
| 52<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/188445611 Tsukitonai]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/126493368 Kamaishi Kaiyan Kōwen] <br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* The line forms an almost complete mega-loop around the two city centers, connecting prime business areas such as Koneei in Bajikoe with the outer suburbs on the eastern side.<br />
* The tracks are shared with Line 18 between Chikayuda and Kingaus Sangu.<br />
* The original project called for a mega-loop to be completed on the southern part, passing through Kashimochi and Utsullani Islands, but lack of funding so far blocked the project. The estimated cost of completing the line, according to 2020 calculations, is 11.2 billion Etsi. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242573 17]<br />
| ZK<br />
| style="background: #f985bb"|'''Zakumi Line'''<br />
| 2013<br />
| 51.83 km<br />
| 38<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/251115566 Tswankanami Airport] <br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370188 Mewakate Kippai] / [http://opengeofiction.net/node/193581001 Kungaus Sangu Shikumun] <br />
| <br />
* To Kirijima via the IR Gashi Line<br />
|<br />
* The line runs west-east in the northern part of West Sainðaul, and North-South in the Eastern side.<br />
* The pattern is mostly divided into two sections: Kungaus Sangu Shikimun to Tswankanami Airport (or Bibantōri and onwards on the Gashi Line), and Kungaus Sangu to Mewakate Kippai. Some rapid trains however run the whole line in about 55 minutes. <br />
* The tracks are shared with Line 17 between Chikayuda and Kingaus Sangu, and with Line 18 between IDK Arena Station and the Mewakate Kippai terminus.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/292343 18]<br />
| JF<br />
| style="background: #999999"|'''Jufurai Line'''<br />
| 1998<br />
| 27.51 km<br />
| 20<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/229672837 Nari-Gotsurindai]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370188 Mewakate Kippai]<br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* The line runs north-south in the Eastern part of Sainðaul, mainly passing through Jufurai, hence the name<br />
* The subway partially uses tracks of the former IR Dunkōn Line.<br />
* The tracks are shared with Line 17 between IDK Arena Station and the Mewakate Kippai terminus.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/292343 -]<br />
| HO<br />
| style="background: #CD5C5C"|'''Hoze-Oyehatton Line'''<br />
| 2019<br />
| 13.64 km<br />
| 13<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/136187245 Takatsura]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/196658319 Kadokamahiwa]<br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* Fully automated 4 cars light subway line serving the western business district.<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
;Other private metro-like systems<br />
{| class="wikitable" <br />
|-<br />
! Rel<br />
! Code<br />
! Line name<br />
! Opening year<br />
! Extension<br />
! Stations<br />
! Terminus A<br />
! Terminus B<br />
! Thru Service<br />
! Main facts<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/411419 -]<br />
| SX<br />
| style="background: #B22222;"|'''Shubaru Express'''<br />
| 2016<br />
| 53,89 km<br />
| 19<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/124066084 Herubori]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/345089878 Torino Jutakutsi]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* A new privately owned express rail system, it connects Shiratsuki City, east of the metropolitan area, to Herubori over a length of more than 50 km. <br />
* The maximum speed of the trains is 160 km/h (express trains), allowing a travel time of 35 minutes between the two termini (with stops only at Torino Jutakutsi - Shin-Shiratsuki - Jukkapunka - Taimasaki - Kawaei Stadium - Hayatogaru - Agarai-Tomasue - Eiganji - Herubori).<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{{#multimaps: <br />
| service = OGF<br />
| center = 36.0118, 128.8961<br />
| width = 100%<br />
| height = 1000px<br />
| zoom = 12<br />
| maxzoom = 19<br />
| layers = +Standard,+TopoMap<br />
| overlays = +Metro,+Other systems,+Thru services<br />
| overlaydef = {<br />
"Metro": {"function": "publicTransport", "param": [242567, 242593, 242571, 242579, 242569, 242548, 242546, 242576, 242578, 242577, 242547, 242566, 242565, 242549, 242343, 242573, 242570, 242580, 292343]},<br />
"Other systems": {"function": "publicTransport", "param": [303201, 242613, 283141, 283140, 242568, 242572]},<br />
"Thru services": {"function": "publicTransport", "param": [272674, 303222, 303223, 303227, 303270]}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
====High Speed Railway====<br />
The high speed trains run on a mostly dedicated alignment. The most busy link is the '''Kubori Main High Speed Line''' (久保李本高鐵線, ''Kubori Hon-kōchessen''), also called '''Keishin IZX Line''' (京深IZX線, ''Keishin Iziikksu sen'') linking Sainðaul Station with Warohan, the second city in size of Izaland. Within the Capital Special Administration District the trains originating Sainðaul call at [[Kasakuri Station|Kasakuri]], the main station for the High Speed trains in Bajikoe, to head then to [[Sainðaul Asunahama International Airport]], having a dedicated High Speed Railway station underneath. <br />
<br />
Other lines stretching from Sainðaul to the continental area are the '''West Sea High Speed Line''' (西海高鐵線, ''Seikai kōchessen'') joining with Shirukami, and the '''Ryānkai IZX Line''' (両海高鐵線, ''Ryānkai kōchessen''), reaching [[Gaintei]] the access city to the highest peaks of Izaland, in the North-West of the country. <br />
<br />
====Projects====<br />
To decongest the millennium tunnel, a new project to build an alternative rail link between Sainðaul and Showanul is in progress, but due to the highly demanding technical challenges and the consequent costs, the building of this infrastructure is not going to happen anytime soon. This project is tentatively called '''Third East-West Rail Link vision''' (第三東西連絡鉄道線構想, ''Deisan dōnðai lyenlakusen kusān'').<br />
<br />
===Aviation===<br />
Sainðaul counts on three main airports: <br />
* '''Asunahama International Airport''', the main intercontinental gate of the city and Izaland, situated off-shore on an artificial island <br />
* '''Kanui Airport''', located close to the old center, active as a city airport and handling most of the domestic traffic<br />
* '''Tswankanami International Airport''', the former intercontinental airport of Izaland, now is mainly a hub for low cost carrier; located on the west side of the city, in Komokata Prefecture.<br />
<br />
====Asunahama International Airport====<br />
'''Sainðaul Asunahama International Airport''' (安作崎空島國際空港 - ''Saindzaul Asunahama Kukujai Kūnkō'') ([[WAAT]]: '''SUL''', [[ANACA]]: '''DZSL''') is the main international hub of [[Izaland]], main hub for [[Izaland Airlines]] and [[Uletha Eastern Airways]], serving all major international destinations worldwide.<br />
<br />
=====History=====<br />
[[File:Rinkuu.JPG|thumb|289px|The "Asunatotsu" bridge connecting the airport island with the mainland]]<br />
The airport opened in 2014 on a 9 sq km artificial island offshore Kubori island to relieve the congestion of the former '''Sainðaul Tswankanami Airport''', now reduced in size and used as a military base, and the '''Sainðaul Kanui Airport''', located in the continental area of the city, now serving mainly domestic and short haul destinations.<br />
<br />
=====Construction works=====<br />
The genesis of this airport backs to year 1998, when the former international airport of Izaland, '''Sainðaul Tswankanami Airport''' started to show signs of saturation. <br />
Different projects were made about the location for a new international airport, including the expansion of the main domestic terminal of Kanui Airport. However, the promising growth of international flights pushed for a wider projects, so the idea of creating a wide airport on an international island took over.<br />
<br />
At first, there were different ideas for the location of the new airport, including near Kawayatsu or Sabullan. However, the Ministry of Infrastructure, asked, in 2001, to locate the new airport possibly along the route of the newly to be built high speed railway (the [[Sainðaul - Warohan Saikai Line]]), so an area in Komokata Prefecture, about 2,4 km offshore between Riimibaiken and Chikawari was chosen, due to the low depth of the sea (not more than 35 m in the deepest area). Particular attention was made to avoid endangering the reef located in the area. <br />
<br />
The preliminary project was ready by september 2005, and the complete financing of the airport, including the undersea high speed railway, was done by spring 2007. <br />
Building works started finally in 2008, first by landfilling the area to create the island. At the same time, tunnel boring machines started digging the two single tracked 18,7 km tunnels from Komokata to Chikawari area, and the HSR station was nearly completed by 2012. The last two years were taken to complete the construction of the airport terminal itself. <br />
<br />
In 2017, due to the increasing low cost flights, especially by the growing IzaFly low cost carrier, a new terminal was built on the southern area of Asunahama island. <br />
The terminal behaves actually as a satellite building, as everyone needs to pass through the check in and immigrations of the main building. The transfer to the low cost terminal is guaranteed by a inter-terminal people mover.<br />
<br />
=====Naming=====<br />
Since the landfilling of the airport island has been one of the biggest project in Izaland, at an estimated cost of about 18 billion USD, a symbolic name was chosen fo the island, calling it '''Asunahama''' (空島, ''asunahama''), meaning "sky island". This name was also chosen to call the airport itself. <br />
<br />
=====Transportation=====<br />
[[File:Airport_Station_2018_08_part2.jpg|thumb|289px|Inside the airport transit station]]<br />
;Road access<br />
The airport island is connected to the mainland by a 2,1 km steel and concrete, the '''Asunatotsu''' bridge (meaning "Sky Bridge").<br />
The bridge is connected to the Keishin Expressway via the '''Asunatotsu IC'''. It is also possible to access to the airport island via a freeway.<br />
<br />
;Rail access<br />
The airport boasts a transit center offering interchange between 2 subway lines, 5 railway services (including the [[Airport Express (Sainðaul)|Airport Express]] and the high speed railway. The hub station of '''Sainðaul Asunahama International Airport''' is located underground, between the parking area and the airport main terminal itself. Access to the arrival lobby is guaranteed by a gentle slope with mobile walkways, while the access to the 4th floor departure lobby is helped by escalators and direct lifts. <br />
<br />
In 2018 opened a 35 minutes train service, the non-stop SATMEX ('''Sainðaul Airports Transit MegaExpress'''), allowing hassle-less transit between intercontinental and domestic flights at Kanui Airport (the train takes to Osenude station, from which mobile walkways lead to the terminal).<br />
<br />
=== Waterways ===<br />
Water transport has always played a primary role in the connections between the dozens of islands that make up the territory of the city. In particular, until the middle of the last century, when there were still no fixed connections between east and west, the Strait of Tandan, where Sainðaul stays, was an extremely busy strip of sea, where hundreds of ferries and vessels passed through every day.<br />
The approximately 25 km north-south extension of the Sainðaul port area has several ports and moorings. As for the eastern side, from north to south the main piers are:<br />
* Gotsurindai<br />
* Kishagoi<br />
* Fukori<br />
* Tsukasai<br />
* Tsutomaku <br />
* Nagaya<br />
<br />
The main ones located on the western shore are:<br />
* Samopuke<br />
* Kasakuri<br />
* Tsuragoi <br />
<br />
[[Category:Izaland]]</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=Sain%C3%B0aul&diff=22877Sainðaul2024-03-09T01:52:40Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: /* Izarail Network */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{ Infobox settlement<br />
|coords_zoom = <br />
|coords_y = <br />
|coords_x = <br />
|layer = <br />
|name = Sainðaul<br />
|native_name = <span style="font-size:120%; line-height: 1.31em;">安作崎・首都特別自治区</span><br/> [[File:Saindzaul_in_kasechi.png|70px]]<br />
|settlement_type = [[Capital Special Administration District]]<br />
|image_flag = Sainzaul flag.png<br />
|flag_caption = Flag of Sainðaul<br />
|image_coat = <br />
|coat_caption = <br />
|loc_type1 = Country<br />
|loc_name1 = [[Izaland]]<br />
|loc_type2 = <br />
|loc_name2 = <br />
| image_custom = <br />
| alt_custom = <br />
| custom_caption = <br />
|image_map = Saindzaul_montage.jpg<br />
|alt_map = <br />
|map_caption = '''From top, left to right''': Tsumiji Station area, Shiitehongi Sumatai Shrine, the dense skyscraper cluster of Eigandan-Senpyan, the Presidential Palace in Kokendake, a view of Kanbata Business Center, the pedestrian street of Tofyushanku Lan, a skater jumping in front of the city skyline, Saint Jeronym Cathedral, night view of Jaihonmu Lan<br />
|ethnic_groups =<br />
|ethnic_groups_year =<br />
|nationalities = Izaki<br />
|demonym = Saindzaulian <br />
|leader_title1 = City Governor<br />
|leader_name1 = Jumyo Attenki<br/>(寿苗掬石)<br />
|leader_title2 = Vice Governor<br />
|leader_name2 = Nahami Tossari<br />
|area_type1 = Total<br />
|area_size1_km2 = 591,12<br />
|area_type2 = <br />
|area_size2_km2 =<br />
|elevation_m = 0 - 567 <br />
|elevation_ft =<br />
|population_estimate = 14,829,146<br />
|population_estimate_year = 2021<br />
|population_census = <br />
|population_census_year = <br />
|population_density_km2 = <br />
|population_density_sq_mi = <br />
|postal_code = 100-0001 - 100-0599<br />
|telephone_code = 02<br />
|metro = tbd<br />
|tram = <br />
|website = toshi.saindzaul.gov.iz<br />
|}}<br />
<br />
'''Sainðaul''' (𖬖ᣟᛁᐡ𖬪𖬰ᣟ𐐢ᘁ, 安作崎・首都特別自治区 ''Sainðaul shuto tukubyes jitsiku''; traditional name in Ingerish '''Sinezawool''', Gaerman '''Zeinzwaül''', IPA reading: /'sainʣa‿ul/) is the largest city and the national capital of [[Izaland]], located one third from north of the country across the Tandan Strait. Sainðaul is one of the most crucial international hubs for economym, culture, finance, production and tourism with nearly 15 millions inhabitants in the metropolitan city (the National Capital District, which corresponds to the city area plus some suburbs), increasing to 22,6 millions including the [[Greater Sainðaul Metropolitan Area]].<br />
<br />
== Etymology - 地名由来==<br />
The name Sainðaul has uncertain origins, and the first records showing something similar to the current name date back to 1243, as in the '''Kojunjasshishū''' (古旬雑詩集) poem the name "Saen Tsoi Ōl" is mentioned. The [[hanji]] currently used for the city name, 安作崎, literally mean "peace - making - promontory", and were first introduced in the Agahaki Reforms of 1659, probably to represent the sound rather for the real meaning.<br />
<br />
== Geography - 地質==<br />
Sainðaul is located accross the two shores of the Tandan Strait, occupying either the continental part of Izaland, either part of Kubori island. <br />
<br />
The original, oldest and historical core of the city is located on [[mount Kokendake]], a less than 200 m hill located 6 km from the central station, that represents the new center of the city. As the settlements expanded towards the sea, along the [[Ariston river]] delta and the nearby islands, since the beginning of the 20th century a wider expansion on the [[Kubori island]] side has seen a major development. Until 1946, the urbanization on Kubori island was actually a different entity, as it was made up of many villages and towns, being '''Bajikoe''' (桐塚, ''Bajikoe'') the main center, with a population of less than 800,000 people in 1945. Even today, going to the western side of the city is referred as "traveling to Bajikoe", although being the western part larger than the original center, the definition is quite wide, so usually one specifies in which area is heading to. [[Bajikoe river|Bajikoe]] is also the name of one of the three rivers crossing the city and eventually reaching the [[Sound of Pa]] in the western area, the other two being [[Jaiken river]] and [[Kunkobe river]].<br />
<br />
The city is almost located on a flat location, however many of the islands in the bay are mountainous, such as Mount Romokagego (567) and Mount Kingaus (456 m), creating a beautiful views when crossing the strait. In the districts of Takarimoto and Tomanae, south west, there are also low mountains and hilly areas, while Garotsu ward also has a vast wetland area, and many little lakes.<br />
<br />
On the eastern part of the National Capital Special District, there are a bunch of towns under the special administration of the capital: Shakihori, Shimoroboe, Dankau, Kaimura and Yōneo. <br />
<br />
=== Climate ===<br />
<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<br />
The first settlements in the current area of Sainðaul date back to 7500 BC, as the necropolis of Chikurai and Oebatsun suggest. <br />
At that time the Ariston river delta was more inland than it is nowadays, and the civilization dwelling in this area was probably devoted to fishing.<br />
<br />
Talking about the first record of a community in the area, the most ancient settlement was probably the nowadays Pakkishoi, then called Arawis.<br />
<br />
==Neighborhoods and cityscape==<br />
[[File:Plaza Carso - CDMX - 2013 - 2.jpg|thumb|right|300px|External view of the DANKORE Museum of Art]]<br />
As already stated, Sainðaul is deeply divided geographically into the eastern, traditional area, and the western relatively recently developed portion, and this division is actually easy to feel while traveling within the city. <br />
<br />
The people living in the eastern part, still considered the city center, as it keeps the old town in Kokendake, the central station, most of the government buildings and some of the most ancient universities, watch from a position of superiority the newer western side (Bajikoe), located on Kubori island.<br />
Although nowadays the income and wealth differences between the two parts are nearly not visible, almost until half of the previous century Bajikoe area was widespreadly known to be relatively poor and undeveloped comparing to the affluent old city. <br />
<br />
Since the early 1990s, the west side has been the focus of a large number of public and private investments, with the construction of railways, subways and large real estate projects, particularly following the opening of the new Asunahama International Airport in 2014. This has attracted a large number of foreign companies, which have located their representative offices near the Eisen area (Eigandan-Senpyan), which is now a pole of competition with the traditional business district of Herubori, to the east.<br />
<br />
=== East side (東部) ===<br />
<div style="float: right; padding: 2px"><br />
{{#multimaps:<br />
| zoom = 12<br />
| height = 500px<br />
| width = 500px<br />
| center = 36.0216, 128.9876<br />
| Marker = 36.0164, 129.0320 ~ Kokendake ~ 古剣舘 <br />
| Marker = 36.02371, 129.04748 ~ Eikuku-ji Temple ~ 永國寺 ~ <br />
| Marker = 36.02644, 129.02727 ~ St. Anthony Cathedral ~ 聖𖬮ᐢ𖬁ᐤ𖭑ᛁᒢ大聖堂<br />
| Marker = 36.0289, 128.9975 ~ Kushidaru Amiya Station ~ <br />
| Marker = 36.0108, 128.9881 ~ Herubori Station ~ 杏登駅<br />
| Marker = 36.0204, 128.9663 ~ Sainðaul Central ~ 安作崎𖬖ɭᐢ𖬁𐐢𖬬ᐡ<br />
| Marker = 36.0374, 128.9754 ~ Ekinðuka / Rosemane ~ <br />
| Marker = 36.0567, 129.0087 ~ Jufurai ~ 朱布來 ~ <br />
}}<br />
</div><br />
The official name of the east side, in Izaki, is '''Dōnbu'' (東部), and this area indicates all the extension of Sainðaul on the Ulethian (continental) side. <br />
The core of the city is located on the delta of the Shirusano River, and on 27 islands located in front of it. Originally the Shirusano River flowed into the Tandan Strait with three branches, but some modifications made during the 19th century have diverted the course of the river and dried up some of the lateral branches, modifying the structure of the delta.<br />
<br />
The most notable areas of the east side are:<br />
<br />
*'''Kokendake''', placed on the central-eastern area of the city, is the original core, with the historical center located on Mount Kokendake, registered as a [[Ulethan Heritage Site]]. This old town like area, places at a height of 100 to 150 m on the sea level, overlooks the rest of the newest urban development, and is often considered as the "Terrace of Sainðaul". On the back of Kokendake there are two wide Buddhist temple areas, also part of the historical and cultural heritage, while the front area downhill hosts the huge '''Kokendake Palace''' esplanade and the park itself, extending more than 1,3 square kilometers.<br />
<br />
* North-east of the Kokendake hill we find the '''Eikuku-ji temple''', founded in 1467, and its surrounding, one of the oldest areas of the historic center.<br />
<br />
* Near '''Kushidaru-Amiya station''' the most upscale and elegant area of Sainðaul takes place, with boutiques, refined restaurants and well established hotels in traditional historical buildings. The style of the buildings in this area, mostly built between the 18th and 19th centuries, are influenced by the cultural and architectural styles of the nations of the western Axian peninsula, with some Victorian, Neoclassical and Neo-Gothic buildings. During this age, many architects from Kojo and Saikyel built several noteworthy buildings, including the National Opera, St. Anthony's Cathedral, and the Parliament building, designed by ....<br />
<br />
*'''Herubori''' is a major business area, where most of the company headquarters are located, spreading as well towards '''Aketsue''' station, where media companies and design studios are concentrated. in the west area of Aketsue we also find '''Tomobeye Lan''', one of the hearts of the famosu Izaki teen culture, where apparel shops, cafes, restaurants and game centers are especially spread.<br />
<br />
* The '''Sainðaul Central Station''' east area, the result of an urban refurbishment project carried on during the 80s, with the 750 m long Noujinkade Boulevard, notable buildings such as the '''Sainðaul City Hall''', designed by the famous Izaki architect Pakali Yassukōri or the central library (architect: Kinshōn Erauki). Other points of interest include the Botanic Gardens, the '''Higoi Tamutta Museum of Art''', visited every year by 20 millions of visitors, especially for objects like "the shadow" or "suspended", the Kaipō-ji Temple and Saint Luke cathedral. The west square of the station covers the [[IZX]] high speed trains and the Airport Express platform, and continues with the Oboehari Business Park.<br />
<br />
* The area between '''Ekinðuka''' and '''Rosemane''' is the main museum area of the city, where there is also an open air fossil park with some dinosaurs and other prehistorical animal rests exhibited open air. Also, in this area there are most of the embassies. <br />
<br />
* '''Shakihori''', with a population of over half a million, is an important satellite city, located north of the capital. Initially developed as bed-town, in recent years it has seen a very high growth in population, thanks to lower costs and the presence of some new university campuses that have attracted students from all countries. Here there are also Mount Katanase and Mount Yunchukahe, favorite destinations for the inhabitants of Sainðaul to be able to spend a day in nature just a few minutes from the center.<br />
<br />
* '''Jufurai''' is located north of the central area of the city, and is one of the most affluent residential areas. Here is the park of the same name, the largest in Sainðaul, and some of the most expensive homes, including villas with swimming pools and luxury residential towers.<br />
<br />
<gallery caption="Views of the East side" widths="220px" heights="150px" ><br />
Guangzhou_Opera_House.png|Herubori business district seen from the Eigan-ji Temple<br />
Changdeokgung Palace Oct 2014 006.JPG|The entrance to the Yotaidyen Royal Palace<br />
Ministry_of_Justice_Japan03s3200.jpg|The Parliament House building<br />
Hannoveraner_Opernhaus.jpg|The Opera House<br />
Mongchonhaeja_1.jpg|The Ekinðuka Park<br />
Matsugamine_Catholic_Church_(front)_2013-01-30.JPG|The Cathedral of Saint Anthony<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
===West side (西部)===<br />
Although most of the people say "Bajikoe Area" to indicate the west side, on Kubori island, of Sainðaul, the official calling is '''Saibu'' (西部), literally meaning "west area". <br />
<br />
Coming from the east side, the first approach is probably going to be '''Kasakuri Station''', also a stop for the IZX services, and most of the [[Izarail]] cross-city network.<br />
Kasakuri Station is mainly a junction point, although some corporation headquarters, high rise residential towers and some shopping malls are also located. North of Kasakuri, the main logistics and goods shipping port area extends, with some cultural venues such as the '''DANKORE Museum of Art'''. <br />
<br />
Most of Hokusei ward is residential in its western side, and occupied by port facilities, warehouses and distribution centers on the eastern side.<br />
<br />
;Eigandan-Senpyan (永玵段船駢 / 𖬮ɭᛁ𖬖ɭᐢ)<br />
[[File:Eisen night view(ai-gen).jpg|400px|thumb|right|View of the business district of Eigandan-Senpyan by night]]<br />
Eigandan-Senpyan, commonly known as Eisen by the locals, is the bustling business core of western Sainðaul. Renowned for its vibrant commercial atmosphere, it serves as a hub for numerous international companies and multinationals, which have established their local branch offices here. One of the key factors contributing to its popularity is its direct and convenient link with the '''Asunahama International Airport''', just a short 15-minute ride away on the Airport Express.<br />
<br />
The area underwent a significant transformation with the 1996 redevelopment masterplan, resulting in a modern and dynamic cityscape, and it is home to some of the tallest buildings in Izaland, including "The Zenith." This iconic skyscraper stands tall with an impressive 94 floors and reaches a towering height of 423 meters. The presence of such architectural marvels adds to the skyline and symbolizes the district's economic prowess and cosmopolitan appeal.<br />
<br />
Despite the urbanity and towering structures, Eigandan-Senpyan seamlessly incorporates elements of natural beauty and tranquility into its modernity. The '''Ikasurun Park''', located in Pikamatsu, offers a serene oasis amidst the bustling city. Here, visitors can enjoy lush greenery, open spaces, and various recreational amenities, providing a perfect escape from the hectic urban lifestyle. Furthermore, the district is adorned with a picturesque green area that runs along the Baijikoe canal network. This carefully designed landscape harmoniously blends with the modern infrastructure, creating a refreshing environment for residents and visitors alike. The canal network not only enhances the aesthetic appeal of Eigandan-Senpyan but also contributes to the overall sustainability and ecological balance of the district.<br />
<br />
Eigandan-Senpyan stands as a testament to the city's commitment to progress, innovation, and the seamless integration of nature and urban development. It represents a vibrant and thriving business center, attracting international enterprises, while simultaneously offering a balance of modern amenities, green spaces, and recreational opportunities to ensure a high quality of life for its (rich) inhabitants.<br />
<br />
;[https://opengeofiction.net/#map=16/35.9798/128.7509&layers=B Riihisano]<br />
Riihisano, a vibrant district in south-western Sainðaul, is known for its unique blend of pop subculture, eccentric fashion, and youthful energy. It has captured the hearts of teenagers and university students, making it a popular destination for those seeking a trendy atmosphere. Riihisano's transportation is highly convenient, with excellent access provided by railways, subways, and trams. The picturesque Bajikoe canal is a major attraction, attracting people of all ages for leisure activities such as strolling, cycling, and picnicking. The canal is particularly enchanting during springtime when the district becomes famous for its breathtaking cherry blossoms.<br />
<br />
Riihisano's distinctive appeal lies in its thriving pop subculture, which is a hub of creativity and artistic expression. The streets are adorned with vibrant graffiti, and its shops and boutiques offer unique fashion items reflecting the district's eclectic and avant-garde style. The district also boasts a bustling nightlife, with numerous clubs, bars, and live music venues catering to the energetic and diverse tastes of its residents and visitors. From underground music scenes to mainstream pop performances, Riihisano's entertainment venues ensure there is never a dull moment in the district.<br />
<br />
=== Notable landmarks ===<br />
<br />
;List of the tallest structures<br />
{|class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"<br />
|-<br />
!scope="col"| Name<br />
!scope="col"| Image<br />
!scope="col"| Height<br /><small>[[Metre|m]] ([[Foot (length)|ft]])</small><br />
!scope="col"| Floors<br />
!scope="col"| Year<br />
!scope="col"| Ward<br />
!scope="col" class="unsortable"| Notes<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|20625217|Twaisahanga Tower 156}}<br />
|<br />
[[File:Tswaisahanga tower.png|150px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|782 (2566)<br />
| align="center"|156<br />
| align="center"|2017<br />
| <br />
| One of the tallest buildings in the world<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|25845866|Koneei BOX}}<br />
|[[File:Koneei BOX.png|40px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|485 (1591)<br />
| align="center"|86<br />
| align="center"|2016<br />
|<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|21622256|Eigandan Senpyan The Zenith}}<br />
|<br />
[[File:Eigandan Senpyan The Zenith.png|60px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|423 (1388)<br />
| align="center"|94<br />
| align="center"|2016<br />
|<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|22403749|Rosemane Gate Tower 105}}<br />
|<br />
[[File:Rosemane Gate Tower 105.png|40px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|416 (1364)<br />
| align="center"|105<br />
| align="center"|2008<br />
|<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{relation|242654|Vertigo Tower}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|401 (1315)<br />
| align="center"|76<br />
| align="center"|1998<br />
|<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|22673110|Firanda Tower}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|397 (1302)<br />
| align="center"|86<br />
| align="center"|2008<br />
| <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{relation|261284|Kashimas Tower NE}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|367 (1204)<br />
| align="center"|78<br />
| align="center"|2010<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{node|279009891|iLand Tower A}}<br />
|[[File:ILand Tower AD.png|40px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|342 (1122)<br />
| align="center"|85<br />
| align="center"|2016<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{node|279009888|iLand Tower D}}<br />
|[[File:ILand Tower AD.png|40px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|342 (1122)<br />
| align="center"|85<br />
| align="center"|2016<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|18555683|IDK Building}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|351 (1151)<br />
| align="center"|82<br />
| align="center"|2008<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|26332610|Ippenjaki Kajaringa Jutaku}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|331 (1085)<br />
| align="center"|68<br />
| align="center"|2019<br />
| <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|23840468|Ippenjaki Kajaringa Jutaku}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|323 (1063)<br />
| align="center"|67<br />
| align="center"|2008<br />
| <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|22673113|Eisen Station Tower}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|296 (971)<br />
| align="center"|69<br />
| align="center"|2010<br />
| <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
''To be continued''<br />
<br />
==Administrative divisions==<br />
Sainðaul does not exist as a '''city''' (市, ''shi'') per se, like the other cities of Izaland. Instead, its top level administrative definition is the '''Capital Special Administration District'''. The subdivisions of Sainðaul are 20 '''wards''' (區, ''ku''), four cities (市, ''shi'') and two towns (町, 'nata'):<br />
<br />
===Special Wards (特別区) ===<br />
{| class="wikitable" width = 650px style="font-size:90%;" align=center<br />
! Name<br />
! Askaozhi<br />
! Byakuzhi<br />
! Location<br />
! Population<br> (2021)<br />
|----------bgcolor=lightblue<br />
|Colspan=5 align=center|'''— Wards —'''<br />
|----------<br />
| Asaji-ku || 𖬮𖬖𖬐𖬰ᛁ𖬭𐐢|| 安佐寺區|| East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Bajikoe-ku || 𖬇𖬰𖬐𖬰ᛁ𖬭ᐤɭ𖬭𐐢|| 桐塚區|| West || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Garotsu-ku || 𖬭𖬰𖬬ᐤ𖬑𐐢𖬭𐐢|| 賀呂都區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Hayatogaru-ku || 𖬨𐭘𖬮𖬁ᐤ𖬭𖬰𖬬𐐢𖬭𐐢|| 久松區|| East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Intsushitsa-ku || 𖬮ᛁᐢ𖬑𐐢𖬔ᛁ𖬑𖬭𐐢 || 鰤基區|| East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Jufurai-ku ||𖬐𖬰𐐢𖬌𐐢𖬬꜉𖬭𐐢|| 朱布来區|| East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Juwon-ku || 𖬐𖬰𐐢𐩪𖬮ᐢ𖬭𐐢|| 中央區|| East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Keiyān-ku || 𖬭ᥫ𐭘𖬮⸠ᐢ𖬭𐐢|| 桂陽區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Kokendake-ku || 𖬭ᐤ𖬭ɭᐢ𖬒𖬰𖬭ɭ𖬭𐐢|| 古剣館區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Kyōði-ku || ꓩ𖬭⸠𖬑𖬰ᛁ𖬭𐐢|| 峡上區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Kyōyos-ku || ꓩ𖬭⸠ꓩ𖬮ᒢ𖬭𐐢|| 峡越區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Riihisano-ku || 𖬬ᛁ⸠𖬨ᛁ𖬖𖭑ᐤ𖬭𐐢|| 尾本區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Saikō-ku || 𖬖꜉𖬭ᐤ⸠𖬭𐐢|| 西港區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Shiki-ku || 𖬔ᛁ𖬭ᛁ𖬭𐐢|| 北區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Shutazai-ku || 𖬔𐐢𖬁𖬖𖬰꜉𖬭𐐢|| 守多彩區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Takarimoto-ku || 𖬁𖬭𖬬ᛁ𖬊ᐤ𖬁ᐤ𖬭𐐢|| 浚里鏡區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Tanahama-ku || 𖬁𖭑𖬨𖬊𖬭𐐢|| 多那島區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Tobeskauri-ku || 𖬁ᐤ𖬇𖬰ɭᒢ𖬭'𐐢𖬬ᛁ𖬭𐐢|| 鴨沼區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Tomanae-ku || 𖬁ᐤ𖬊𖭑'ɭ𖬭𐐢|| 庥内區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Wikkaman-ku || 𐐊𖬮𖬘𖬳𖬊ᐢ𖬭𐐢|| 昱賀満區|| West|| tbd<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Special cities===<br />
* '''Shakihori-shi''' (石登市)<br />
* '''Shimoroboe-shi''' (亀岡市)<br />
* '''Dankau-shi''' (檀洪市)<br />
* '''Ibaruno-shi''' (齒琉能市)<br />
<br />
===Special towns===<br />
* '''Kaimura-nata'''<br />
* '''Yōneo-nata'''<br />
<br />
==Transportation==<br />
Sainðaul is the main hub of the whole country transportation, and all the north-south transit passes through the city. For this reason Sainðaul boasts a very specialized network of road and rail corridors, beside being the main aviation terminal of the country.<br />
<br />
===Railways===<br />
The railway network expands north and south-west from the station of [[Sainðaul Central Station|Sainðaul Central]], one of the busiest stations in the world, with about 3 million users daily. From here conventional and high speed railway ([[IZX]]) cross the Tandan Strait linking the city center with Bajikoe (West) area and other destinations on Kubori Island. At the same way, from the central station other lines diramate to connect with the capital the other main cities of the Ulethian side of Izaland. <br />
<br />
[[File:Kanmon-tunnel railway.jpg|thumb|300px|View of the eastern entrance to the Millennium Tunnel]]<br />
In particular, the main rail link between the two sides of the capital runs in a 3 km 6 tracks undersea tunnel, called [[Millennium tunnel]] connecting the stations of Shin-Ikashuni and Kasakuri.<br />
Another railway link is the Line X of the subway, providing a direct connection for the northern suburbs of Sainðaul to the center of Bajikoe. Lastly, another undersea link is the Kawashaku Line, linking Bajikoe with [[Kawayatsu]], a city north from Sainðaul on the Ulethain side. <br />
<br />
The suburban railway system of Sainðaul is called [[Capital Suburban Network (Sainðaul)|Capital Suburban Network]], and is composed by 16 lines operated by Izarail, including the [[Loop Line (Sainðaul)|Loop Line]], (see below) a circular line running in the original center. On the western side of the city, the railway infrastructure runs on a north-south double corridor. <br />
<br />
====Izarail Network====<br />
Izarail's Capital Wider Suburban Mass Transit (首都圏廣域捷運, "shutokwen-kwannwiki-shōun") is the network of local and regional public transport that moves millions of people in and out of Sainðaul every day, connecting all the main towns and settlements whose inhabitants flock to the capital. As of 2024 it is made up of xxx lines, covering a total extension of xx km.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="text-align:center;"<br />
|-<br />
!Code <br />
!Line name<br />
!width=15%|Route<br />
!width=8%|Type<br />
!width=8%|Opened<br />
!width=15%|Extension (km)<br />
!width=15%|Stations<br />
!width=20%|Typical frequency<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#34589F; color:white;" |'''LO'''||Loop Line (環状線)||Sainðaul Central ↔ Hayatogaru||All stop||1937|| 24,5 || 19 || 5 min<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#8dc159; color:white;" |'''KD'''||[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/272493 Kidai Line] (磯大線)||Kirijima ↔ Daihanji||Section rapid|| 1990|| 156,87|| 47 || 10-15 min<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#B8B895; color:white;" |'''CK'''||[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/272494 Chukkūn Line] (竹空線)||Moriyose ↔ Asunahama International Airport||All stop|| 2015|| 55,93|| 31 || 10-15 min<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#7AE3E3; color:black;" |'''SK'''||[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/272510 Seishaku Line] (盛石線)||Igattarun-Juwon ↔ Shakusa|| All stop||1985 || 103,95 || 49 <br />
|20 min (Shakusa - Showanul)</br><br />
20 min (Enikezya- Igattarun)</br><br />
10 min (Showanul - Enikezya)</br><br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#B16B48; color:white;" |'''GD'''||[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/272511 Gaekwan-Dōnbu Line] (外環東部線)||Nari-Shiratsuki ↔ Usehari|| All stop||2005 || 78,48 || TBD || 7-10 min<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#FF66CC; color:white;" |'''JD'''||[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/272492 Juwon-Kodōn Line] (中央湖東線)||Sainðaul ↔ Ninokawa|| Section rapid|| 1985 || 78,35 || TBD || 10 min<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#ffd320; color:black;" |'''RI'''||[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/414143 Riimiilla Line] (---線)||Riimibaiken ↔ Illashiya||All Stop||1985||100,56||35<br />
|5 min (Riimibaiken - Showanul)</br>10 min (Showanul - Yutsukabul)</br>20 min (Yutsukabul - Illashiya)<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
; Loop Line<br />
The Eastern side of Sainðaul, has got a vital heavy rail line that forms a 24,5 km loop encircling the historic heart of the city. The Loop Line, or 環状線 (Kwanjān-sen) in Izaki, holds a significant place in the city's transport landscape.<br />
<br />
While the official launch of the service dates back to 1937, it's important to note that the Loop Line didn't come into existence as a single entity. Rather, it evolved from the amalgamation of various railway segments, skillfully connected over time. Operating with precision, the Loop Line offers a train frequency of every 5 minutes during typical daytime hours. However, the system gears up to serve the bustling rush hours, providing trains every 90 seconds to cater to the high demand. Some of the trains make Hayatogaru Station their terminus, which is equipped with maintenance and depot facilities<br />
<br />
The loop, standing out on city maps with its distinct prussian blue color, is not just a means of getting around; it serves as a hub of activity and is used daily by an impressive 1.7 million riders. This robust ridership underlines the line's pivotal role in connecting the city's diverse communities and shaping the urban flow of Sainðaul.<br />
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible"<br />
|+Stations list<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Code<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Station name<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Izaki<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Connections with<br />other railways<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Connections with<br />subway lines<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Location<br />
|-<br />
!LL01<br />
|Sainðaul Central<br />
|作安崎中央<br />
|<br />
* Airport Express<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Enishaku Line<br />
* Sainniga Line<br />
* Bajikoe-Dōnnei Line<br />
* IZX<br />
|<br />
*Line 1<br />
* Line 8<br />
*Line 10<br />
* Line 17<br />
* Shindōnsai Link<br />
| rowspan="2" |Juwon<br />
|-<br />
!LL02<br />
|Binno||苠喃<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Enishaku Line<br />
* Bajikoe-Dōnnei Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 4<br />
* Line 17<br />
|-<br />
!LL03<br />
|Shiitehongi||〇〇<br />
|<br />
* Enishaku Line<br />
* Limited Expresses<br />
|<br />
* Line 3<br />
|Shiki<br />
|-<br />
!LL04<br />
|Jigasungai Kōwen||〇〇<br />
|<br />
|<br />
*Line 18<br />
| rowspan="4" | Jufurai<br />
|-<br />
!LL05<br />
|Jufurai Kōwen Niji||朱布来公園西<br />
|<br />
|<br />
* Line 8<br />
* Line 16<br />
|-<br />
!LL06<br />
|Punoidan||〇〇<br />
|<br />
| (At Tensari Omuhate)<br />
* Line 1<br />
* Line 16<br />
|-<br />
!LL07<br />
|Rupekoppe||孱槻<br />
|<br />
| (At Tamanoke Tsunui)<br />
* Line 1<br />
|-<br />
!LL08<br />
|Isenebo||床踔<br />
|<br />
| <br />
* Line 14<br />
| rowspan="4" | Hayatogaru<br />
|-<br />
!LL09<br />
|Igashikura (Taishin Univ.) ||品山(泰進大)<br />
|<br />
* Kidai Line<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!LL10<br />
|Hayatogaru||久松<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Ansoku Line<br />
* Kidai Line<br />
* Sainniga Line<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!LL11<br />
|Rakkashoni||鳶腳<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
|<br />
*Line 2<br />
|-<br />
!LL12<br />
|Sumi-Kokendake||隠古剣館<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Ansoku Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 4<br />
(At Kushigae)<br />
* Line 16<br />
| rowspan="4" | Kokendake<br />
|-<br />
!LL13<br />
|Oritoku||壌外<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 10<br />
|-<br />
!LL14<br />
|Tomiganei||庭ヶ汢<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 9<br />
|-<br />
!LL15<br />
|Tagashiga||浚藻<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!LL16<br />
|Oiseharu||粕墾<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
(At Shin-Oiseharu)<br />
* Shinsabu Main Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 18<br />
| rowspan="4" | Juwon<br />
|-<br />
!LL17<br />
|Herubori||杏登<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
* Ansoku Line<br />
* Airport Express<br />
* Dōnkai Line<br />
* Shinsabu Main Line<br />
* IZX<br />
|<br />
* Line 3<br />
* Line 12<br />
|-<br />
!LL18<br />
|Obakura||〇〇<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 12<br />
* Line 14<br />
|-<br />
!LL19<br />
|Aketsue||薫都衛<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
* Daikiri Line<br />
* Kidai Line<br />
* Enishaku Line<br />
* Bajikoe-Dōnnei Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 12<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Other private railways complete the network of Sainðaul.<br />
<br />
===Tramways===<br />
Before the heavy development of subway lines, Sainðaul had an extensive network of tramways and streetcars, which still survive with a smaller network and some isolated lines in the areas not covered by heavy rail. Still nowadays, especially after the legislation of Mayor Ikaro Asahosai in 2003, a vast program of new tramway projects is on the way, and 126 km of new tracks are going to be laid by 2025. <br />
<br />
====Metro system====<br />
[[File:Metro Sainzaul logo with text.png|frameless|right]]<br />
The [[Sainðaul Metro]] is the mostly underground subway network of the metropolitan area, mainly developed on the two sides of the Tandan Strait. Only three lines cross the strait through the Kishagoi undersea tunnel. The system, as of 2024, is composed of 19 lines (metro proper) and extends on 673.93 km of network. A bunch of privately owned metro-like heavy and light railways complete the network. <br />
<br />
;Owned and run by Sainðaul Metro.<br />
{| class="wikitable" <br />
|-<br />
! Rel<br />
! Code<br />
! Line name<br />
! Opening year<br />
! Extension<br />
! Stations<br />
! Terminus A<br />
! Terminus B<br />
! Thru Service<br />
! Main facts<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242549 1]<br />
| AD<br />
| style="background: #FE7F00;"|'''Agarai-Dōnpuku Line'''<br />
| 1924<br />
| 51,66 km<br />
| 30<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/184719128 Ikashumai Sports Center]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/146716208 Enikezya Forum]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The second oldest line of the system, has been upgraded different times, and also offers and express/rapid services. <br />
* An extension from Ikashumai Sports Center to Yakata is in progress with the opening targeted by 2024<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242565 2]<br />
| HB<br />
| style="background: red;"|'''Hibaru Line'''<br />
| 1919<br />
| 36,02 km<br />
| 27<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/187344183 Naezoto]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/135394631 Mokoba]</br>[http://opengeofiction.net/node/188737257 Hintomaui]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The first subway line built in Izaland, and one of the first in Eastern Uletha, runs west-east in the old core of the city, giving access to the central station area, the government district of Amiya and the historical precincts of the Eikuku-ji Temple. <br />
* Further east the line divides into two branches, one leading to Mokoba, and the other serving as north-south corridod for the city of Oitsura.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242566 3]<br />
| SH<br />
| style="background: #009E4F;"|'''Shakihori Line'''<br />
| 1932<br />
| 42,96 km<br />
| 25<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/256366564 Ansan Shakuiadae]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370158 Iyogateri]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The third line of the Sainðaul Metro network, was first built to connect from north to south the central districts of the capital (Shiitehongi-Herubori). <br />
* In 2019 an extension from Bibawara to Ansan Shakuiadae opened<br />
* Offers a rapid service in the northern part, until Komayunden. South of this station all trains stop at all stations.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242547 4]<br />
| KO<br />
| style="background: #FFD912;"|'''Kokendake Line'''<br />
| 1937<br />
| 18,45 km<br />
| 15<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/129227893 Abawauri]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/126666499 Kawaei]<br />
| <br />
* Onto the Shinsabu Oitsura Line towards Oitsura<br />
* Onto the line 6 from Abawauri to Ipporai-Shindari (only a few trains)<br />
| <br />
* The fourth line of the Sainðaul Metro network, runs partially parallel to the Hibaru (red) line, touching the embassy district (Aguri), the government quarter and the old city (Kushigae, from which the name comes).<br />
* Since the 1998 upgrade, this was the first former line to have a rapid service<br />
* Thru service onto the Shinsabu Oitsura Line towards Oitsura since 1976<br />
|-<br />
|colspan="10"|<br />
[[File:SUL04.svg|1400px|frameless]]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242577 5]<br />
| KE<br />
| style="background: #9E6A51;"|'''Kirifunu Eigandan Line'''<br />
| 1941<br />
| 16,05 km<br />
| 13<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/176782928 Jisahara]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/126666499 Tsuragoi]<br />
| Onto the IR Shosen Line from Jisahara to Kemeusa<br />
| <br />
* The first line built in the Bajikoe area, with the shape of a reversed "L", connects east-west the central district (Konegisa Eigandan and Kirifunu Lan), bending south to Jisahara.<br />
* In 2013 the thru service on to the IR Shosen Line allows rapid trains to reach Komokata. Special trainsets run up to 180 km/h on the special tracks, making this one of the fastest subway in the world.<br />
* Between Komokata and Tsuragoi trains stop at all stations<br />
|-<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242578 6]<br />
| IP<br />
| style="background: #3465A4;"|'''Ipporai Line'''<br />
| 1967<br />
| 47,30 km<br />
| 30<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/259962136 Saibu-Panatsawa]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/229672837 Nari-Gotsurindai]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The first subway line crossing the Tandan Strait, was first built between Ezaesomu and Kotoshiruna in 1967<br />
* In 1973 the undersea tunnel allowed trains to reach Abawauri station, allowing for the first time subway trains to travel between the two sides of the city. This helped to lighten the congestion of the IR lines<br />
* The latest extensions are: from Abawari to Nari-Gotsurindai opened in 2008 (the two last stations, Nari-Gotsurindai and Norihoi are shared with line 18), and from Kōtō-Satahappi to Saibu-Panatsawa in 2018.<br />
* A possible extension via Hōnkūn to Iberotsuna is in the earlier survey stage<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242576 7]<br />
| BJ<br />
| style="background: #00A0BC;"|'''Bajikoe Line'''<br />
| 1972<br />
| 36,47 km<br />
| 29<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/196658312 Pwakkobe]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/147466401 Akettun Shendao]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The line has the shape of the number "5", linking the port area of Riimibaiken city (Komokata Pref.) with the central business district of west Sainðaul, running underneath Eigandan Lan and Shutazai-ku. <br />
* There is a project for a branch line dividing at Sangwya Jiku towards Chikawari, however, no funds are available as of 2022.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242546 8]<br />
| HM<br />
| style="background: #00A2D3;"|'''Hamaas Line'''<br />
| 1958<br />
| 23,95 km<br />
| 22<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/169508181 Kishagoi]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370155 Komayunden]<br />
| <br />
* IR Tandan Kaihyō Line from Kishagoi to Funoshoni<br />
* Ibaches Main Line from Jufurai to Ibaruno<br />
| <br />
* The line has the shape of a "V" letter, and connects the north-west of eastern Sainðaul with the north-east, after reaching all the central locations<br />
* Since it links many islands, the name of the line means "line of the islands".<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242548 9]<br />
| BX<br />
| style="background: #C40062;"|'''Bordeaux Line'''<br />
| 1986<br />
| 14,00 km<br />
| 13<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/135874133 Teyomuka]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/201033004 Shōryān Daishi]<br />
| <br />
* Shinsabu Line from Shōryān Daishi to Hidano (all-stop service only)<br />
| <br />
* The line is the first of the lower capacity lines built in the city. Trains have 6 cars and are fully automated. <br />
* A possible extension to Tsukasai (IR and Agarai-Dōnpuku Line) is in the study phase.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242569 10]<br />
| SO<br />
| style="background: #C46200;"|'''Shakiose Line'''<br />
| 1969<br />
| 32,80 km<br />
| 29<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/122138475 Shakihori]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/229655683 Uhāra-Motu]<br />
| <br />
* Shikisabu Railway to [TBD]<br />
| <br />
* Runs parallel to the Shakihori Line between Niji-Shakihori and Rillantsoye.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242579 11]<br />
| OD<br />
| style="background: #c5e1a5;"|'''Owonideki Line'''<br />
| 2012<br />
| 23.32 km<br />
| 22<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/147457618 Itsayuki-Tonjō]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370188 Jisahara]<br />
| <br />
* Onto the IR Shosen Line to Katayoshi-Juwon<br />
| <br />
* Running North-South mostly following Owonideki Boulevard in the West of the city<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242571 12]<br />
| IS<br />
| style="background: #86EBEB;"|'''Intsushitsa Line'''<br />
| 1995<br />
| 14.23 km<br />
| 13<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/187344184 Kayatsori]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370188 Mewakate-Kippai]<br />
[http://opengeofiction.net/node/342508941 Niji-Yōneo]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The line, one of the shortest of the system, is a fully automated middle-capacity subway, connecting the eastern center with Koyabi island<br />
* In 2020 a new 8,6 km branch line from Tanjānli to Niji-Yōneo opened.<br />
* Averagely 4 services per hour terminate in Mewakate-Kippai, 6 in Niji-Yōneo, and 4 Tanjānli.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242593 13]<br />
| TN<br />
| style="background: #36873c;"|'''Tsuruna Line'''<br />
| 2003<br />
| 39.40 km<br />
| 29<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/229660683 SAIA Cargo Center]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/176765160 Showanul] / [http://opengeofiction.net/node/126143726 Kashimochi]<br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* Passing mostly underground beneath Tsuruna Yaon, the line connects Asunahama International Airport with the western part of the city via Riimibaiken and Tahamuro. <br />
* In the southern part, a spur line connects the mainline from Tsuruna-Mistukane to Showanul, to offer interchanges with IR Lines and IZX Services. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/72E400 14]<br />
| NO<br />
| style="background: #72E400"|'''Nanpuku Otsumi Line'''<br />
| 2004<br />
| 22.57 km<br />
| 20<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/124066185 Migawarae]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370166 Tanjānli] <br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* One of the most heavily used lines of the system, the line connects the busy central hubs of Masuda Agarai, Jufurai, the island of Intsushitsa with the north-eastern districts.<br />
* From the current terminus of Migawarae, an extension to Dankau is in the process of being built.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242580 15]<br />
| UN<br />
| style="background: #db287a"|'''Urenosomi Line'''<br />
| 2010<br />
| 34.31 km<br />
| 24<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/229660683 SAIA Cargo Center]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/176874425 Sakamuso] <br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* Between SAIA Cargo Center and Bibaisone tracks are shared with Line 13 (Tsuruna Line)<br />
* The line draws a semicircle on the western and southern extremities of West Sainðaul.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242570 16]<br />
| KW<br />
| style="background: #816cb1"|'''Kyokwan Line'''<br />
| 2013<br />
| 71.50 km<br />
| 52<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/188445611 Tsukitonai]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/126493368 Kamaishi Kaiyan Kōwen] <br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* The line forms an almost complete mega-loop around the two city centers, connecting prime business areas such as Koneei in Bajikoe with the outer suburbs on the eastern side.<br />
* The tracks are shared with Line 18 between Chikayuda and Kingaus Sangu.<br />
* The original project called for a mega-loop to be completed on the southern part, passing through Kashimochi and Utsullani Islands, but lack of funding so far blocked the project. The estimated cost of completing the line, according to 2020 calculations, is 11.2 billion Etsi. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242573 17]<br />
| ZK<br />
| style="background: #f985bb"|'''Zakumi Line'''<br />
| 2013<br />
| 51.83 km<br />
| 38<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/251115566 Tswankanami Airport] <br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370188 Mewakate Kippai] / [http://opengeofiction.net/node/193581001 Kungaus Sangu Shikumun] <br />
| <br />
* To Kirijima via the IR Gashi Line<br />
|<br />
* The line runs west-east in the northern part of West Sainðaul, and North-South in the Eastern side.<br />
* The pattern is mostly divided into two sections: Kungaus Sangu Shikimun to Tswankanami Airport (or Bibantōri and onwards on the Gashi Line), and Kungaus Sangu to Mewakate Kippai. Some rapid trains however run the whole line in about 55 minutes. <br />
* The tracks are shared with Line 17 between Chikayuda and Kingaus Sangu, and with Line 18 between IDK Arena Station and the Mewakate Kippai terminus.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/292343 18]<br />
| JF<br />
| style="background: #999999"|'''Jufurai Line'''<br />
| 1998<br />
| 27.51 km<br />
| 20<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/229672837 Nari-Gotsurindai]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370188 Mewakate Kippai]<br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* The line runs north-south in the Eastern part of Sainðaul, mainly passing through Jufurai, hence the name<br />
* The subway partially uses tracks of the former IR Dunkōn Line.<br />
* The tracks are shared with Line 17 between IDK Arena Station and the Mewakate Kippai terminus.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/292343 -]<br />
| HO<br />
| style="background: #CD5C5C"|'''Hoze-Oyehatton Line'''<br />
| 2019<br />
| 13.64 km<br />
| 13<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/136187245 Takatsura]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/196658319 Kadokamahiwa]<br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* Fully automated 4 cars light subway line serving the western business district.<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
;Other private metro-like systems<br />
{| class="wikitable" <br />
|-<br />
! Rel<br />
! Code<br />
! Line name<br />
! Opening year<br />
! Extension<br />
! Stations<br />
! Terminus A<br />
! Terminus B<br />
! Thru Service<br />
! Main facts<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/411419 -]<br />
| SX<br />
| style="background: #B22222;"|'''Shubaru Express'''<br />
| 2016<br />
| 53,89 km<br />
| 19<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/124066084 Herubori]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/345089878 Torino Jutakutsi]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* A new privately owned express rail system, it connects Shiratsuki City, east of the metropolitan area, to Herubori over a length of more than 50 km. <br />
* The maximum speed of the trains is 160 km/h (express trains), allowing a travel time of 35 minutes between the two termini (with stops only at Torino Jutakutsi - Shin-Shiratsuki - Jukkapunka - Taimasaki - Kawaei Stadium - Hayatogaru - Agarai-Tomasue - Eiganji - Herubori).<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{{#multimaps: <br />
| service = OGF<br />
| center = 36.0118, 128.8961<br />
| width = 100%<br />
| height = 1000px<br />
| zoom = 12<br />
| maxzoom = 19<br />
| layers = +Standard,+TopoMap<br />
| overlays = +Metro,+Other systems,+Thru services<br />
| overlaydef = {<br />
"Metro": {"function": "publicTransport", "param": [242567, 242593, 242571, 242579, 242569, 242548, 242546, 242576, 242578, 242577, 242547, 242566, 242565, 242549, 242343, 242573, 242570, 242580, 292343]},<br />
"Other systems": {"function": "publicTransport", "param": [303201, 242613, 283141, 283140, 242568, 242572]},<br />
"Thru services": {"function": "publicTransport", "param": [272674, 303222, 303223, 303227, 303270]}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
====High Speed Railway====<br />
The high speed trains run on a mostly dedicated alignment. The most busy link is the '''Kubori Main High Speed Line''' (久保李本高鐵線, ''Kubori Hon-kōchessen''), also called '''Keishin IZX Line''' (京深IZX線, ''Keishin Iziikksu sen'') linking Sainðaul Station with Warohan, the second city in size of Izaland. Within the Capital Special Administration District the trains originating Sainðaul call at [[Kasakuri Station|Kasakuri]], the main station for the High Speed trains in Bajikoe, to head then to [[Sainðaul Asunahama International Airport]], having a dedicated High Speed Railway station underneath. <br />
<br />
Other lines stretching from Sainðaul to the continental area are the '''West Sea High Speed Line''' (西海高鐵線, ''Seikai kōchessen'') joining with Shirukami, and the '''Ryānkai IZX Line''' (両海高鐵線, ''Ryānkai kōchessen''), reaching [[Gaintei]] the access city to the highest peaks of Izaland, in the North-West of the country. <br />
<br />
====Projects====<br />
To decongest the millennium tunnel, a new project to build an alternative rail link between Sainðaul and Showanul is in progress, but due to the highly demanding technical challenges and the consequent costs, the building of this infrastructure is not going to happen anytime soon. This project is tentatively called '''Third East-West Rail Link vision''' (第三東西連絡鉄道線構想, ''Deisan dōnðai lyenlakusen kusān'').<br />
<br />
===Aviation===<br />
Sainðaul counts on three main airports: <br />
* '''Asunahama International Airport''', the main intercontinental gate of the city and Izaland, situated off-shore on an artificial island <br />
* '''Kanui Airport''', located close to the old center, active as a city airport and handling most of the domestic traffic<br />
* '''Tswankanami International Airport''', the former intercontinental airport of Izaland, now is mainly a hub for low cost carrier; located on the west side of the city, in Komokata Prefecture.<br />
<br />
====Asunahama International Airport====<br />
'''Sainðaul Asunahama International Airport''' (安作崎空島國際空港 - ''Saindzaul Asunahama Kukujai Kūnkō'') ([[WAAT]]: '''SUL''', [[ANACA]]: '''DZSL''') is the main international hub of [[Izaland]], main hub for [[Izaland Airlines]] and [[Uletha Eastern Airways]], serving all major international destinations worldwide.<br />
<br />
=====History=====<br />
[[File:Rinkuu.JPG|thumb|289px|The "Asunatotsu" bridge connecting the airport island with the mainland]]<br />
The airport opened in 2014 on a 9 sq km artificial island offshore Kubori island to relieve the congestion of the former '''Sainðaul Tswankanami Airport''', now reduced in size and used as a military base, and the '''Sainðaul Kanui Airport''', located in the continental area of the city, now serving mainly domestic and short haul destinations.<br />
<br />
=====Construction works=====<br />
The genesis of this airport backs to year 1998, when the former international airport of Izaland, '''Sainðaul Tswankanami Airport''' started to show signs of saturation. <br />
Different projects were made about the location for a new international airport, including the expansion of the main domestic terminal of Kanui Airport. However, the promising growth of international flights pushed for a wider projects, so the idea of creating a wide airport on an international island took over.<br />
<br />
At first, there were different ideas for the location of the new airport, including near Kawayatsu or Sabullan. However, the Ministry of Infrastructure, asked, in 2001, to locate the new airport possibly along the route of the newly to be built high speed railway (the [[Sainðaul - Warohan Saikai Line]]), so an area in Komokata Prefecture, about 2,4 km offshore between Riimibaiken and Chikawari was chosen, due to the low depth of the sea (not more than 35 m in the deepest area). Particular attention was made to avoid endangering the reef located in the area. <br />
<br />
The preliminary project was ready by september 2005, and the complete financing of the airport, including the undersea high speed railway, was done by spring 2007. <br />
Building works started finally in 2008, first by landfilling the area to create the island. At the same time, tunnel boring machines started digging the two single tracked 18,7 km tunnels from Komokata to Chikawari area, and the HSR station was nearly completed by 2012. The last two years were taken to complete the construction of the airport terminal itself. <br />
<br />
In 2017, due to the increasing low cost flights, especially by the growing IzaFly low cost carrier, a new terminal was built on the southern area of Asunahama island. <br />
The terminal behaves actually as a satellite building, as everyone needs to pass through the check in and immigrations of the main building. The transfer to the low cost terminal is guaranteed by a inter-terminal people mover.<br />
<br />
=====Naming=====<br />
Since the landfilling of the airport island has been one of the biggest project in Izaland, at an estimated cost of about 18 billion USD, a symbolic name was chosen fo the island, calling it '''Asunahama''' (空島, ''asunahama''), meaning "sky island". This name was also chosen to call the airport itself. <br />
<br />
=====Transportation=====<br />
[[File:Airport_Station_2018_08_part2.jpg|thumb|289px|Inside the airport transit station]]<br />
;Road access<br />
The airport island is connected to the mainland by a 2,1 km steel and concrete, the '''Asunatotsu''' bridge (meaning "Sky Bridge").<br />
The bridge is connected to the Keishin Expressway via the '''Asunatotsu IC'''. It is also possible to access to the airport island via a freeway.<br />
<br />
;Rail access<br />
The airport boasts a transit center offering interchange between 2 subway lines, 5 railway services (including the [[Airport Express (Sainðaul)|Airport Express]] and the high speed railway. The hub station of '''Sainðaul Asunahama International Airport''' is located underground, between the parking area and the airport main terminal itself. Access to the arrival lobby is guaranteed by a gentle slope with mobile walkways, while the access to the 4th floor departure lobby is helped by escalators and direct lifts. <br />
<br />
In 2018 opened a 35 minutes train service, the non-stop SATMEX ('''Sainðaul Airports Transit MegaExpress'''), allowing hassle-less transit between intercontinental and domestic flights at Kanui Airport (the train takes to Osenude station, from which mobile walkways lead to the terminal).<br />
<br />
=== Waterways ===<br />
Water transport has always played a primary role in the connections between the dozens of islands that make up the territory of the city. In particular, until the middle of the last century, when there were still no fixed connections between east and west, the Strait of Tandan, where Sainðaul stays, was an extremely busy strip of sea, where hundreds of ferries and vessels passed through every day.<br />
The approximately 25 km north-south extension of the Sainðaul port area has several ports and moorings. As for the eastern side, from north to south the main piers are:<br />
* Gotsurindai<br />
* Kishagoi<br />
* Fukori<br />
* Tsukasai<br />
* Tsutomaku <br />
* Nagaya<br />
<br />
The main ones located on the western shore are:<br />
* Samopuke<br />
* Kasakuri<br />
* Tsuragoi <br />
<br />
[[Category:Izaland]]</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=Sain%C3%B0aul&diff=22876Sainðaul2024-03-09T01:47:08Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: /* Izarail Network */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{ Infobox settlement<br />
|coords_zoom = <br />
|coords_y = <br />
|coords_x = <br />
|layer = <br />
|name = Sainðaul<br />
|native_name = <span style="font-size:120%; line-height: 1.31em;">安作崎・首都特別自治区</span><br/> [[File:Saindzaul_in_kasechi.png|70px]]<br />
|settlement_type = [[Capital Special Administration District]]<br />
|image_flag = Sainzaul flag.png<br />
|flag_caption = Flag of Sainðaul<br />
|image_coat = <br />
|coat_caption = <br />
|loc_type1 = Country<br />
|loc_name1 = [[Izaland]]<br />
|loc_type2 = <br />
|loc_name2 = <br />
| image_custom = <br />
| alt_custom = <br />
| custom_caption = <br />
|image_map = Saindzaul_montage.jpg<br />
|alt_map = <br />
|map_caption = '''From top, left to right''': Tsumiji Station area, Shiitehongi Sumatai Shrine, the dense skyscraper cluster of Eigandan-Senpyan, the Presidential Palace in Kokendake, a view of Kanbata Business Center, the pedestrian street of Tofyushanku Lan, a skater jumping in front of the city skyline, Saint Jeronym Cathedral, night view of Jaihonmu Lan<br />
|ethnic_groups =<br />
|ethnic_groups_year =<br />
|nationalities = Izaki<br />
|demonym = Saindzaulian <br />
|leader_title1 = City Governor<br />
|leader_name1 = Jumyo Attenki<br/>(寿苗掬石)<br />
|leader_title2 = Vice Governor<br />
|leader_name2 = Nahami Tossari<br />
|area_type1 = Total<br />
|area_size1_km2 = 591,12<br />
|area_type2 = <br />
|area_size2_km2 =<br />
|elevation_m = 0 - 567 <br />
|elevation_ft =<br />
|population_estimate = 14,829,146<br />
|population_estimate_year = 2021<br />
|population_census = <br />
|population_census_year = <br />
|population_density_km2 = <br />
|population_density_sq_mi = <br />
|postal_code = 100-0001 - 100-0599<br />
|telephone_code = 02<br />
|metro = tbd<br />
|tram = <br />
|website = toshi.saindzaul.gov.iz<br />
|}}<br />
<br />
'''Sainðaul''' (𖬖ᣟᛁᐡ𖬪𖬰ᣟ𐐢ᘁ, 安作崎・首都特別自治区 ''Sainðaul shuto tukubyes jitsiku''; traditional name in Ingerish '''Sinezawool''', Gaerman '''Zeinzwaül''', IPA reading: /'sainʣa‿ul/) is the largest city and the national capital of [[Izaland]], located one third from north of the country across the Tandan Strait. Sainðaul is one of the most crucial international hubs for economym, culture, finance, production and tourism with nearly 15 millions inhabitants in the metropolitan city (the National Capital District, which corresponds to the city area plus some suburbs), increasing to 22,6 millions including the [[Greater Sainðaul Metropolitan Area]].<br />
<br />
== Etymology - 地名由来==<br />
The name Sainðaul has uncertain origins, and the first records showing something similar to the current name date back to 1243, as in the '''Kojunjasshishū''' (古旬雑詩集) poem the name "Saen Tsoi Ōl" is mentioned. The [[hanji]] currently used for the city name, 安作崎, literally mean "peace - making - promontory", and were first introduced in the Agahaki Reforms of 1659, probably to represent the sound rather for the real meaning.<br />
<br />
== Geography - 地質==<br />
Sainðaul is located accross the two shores of the Tandan Strait, occupying either the continental part of Izaland, either part of Kubori island. <br />
<br />
The original, oldest and historical core of the city is located on [[mount Kokendake]], a less than 200 m hill located 6 km from the central station, that represents the new center of the city. As the settlements expanded towards the sea, along the [[Ariston river]] delta and the nearby islands, since the beginning of the 20th century a wider expansion on the [[Kubori island]] side has seen a major development. Until 1946, the urbanization on Kubori island was actually a different entity, as it was made up of many villages and towns, being '''Bajikoe''' (桐塚, ''Bajikoe'') the main center, with a population of less than 800,000 people in 1945. Even today, going to the western side of the city is referred as "traveling to Bajikoe", although being the western part larger than the original center, the definition is quite wide, so usually one specifies in which area is heading to. [[Bajikoe river|Bajikoe]] is also the name of one of the three rivers crossing the city and eventually reaching the [[Sound of Pa]] in the western area, the other two being [[Jaiken river]] and [[Kunkobe river]].<br />
<br />
The city is almost located on a flat location, however many of the islands in the bay are mountainous, such as Mount Romokagego (567) and Mount Kingaus (456 m), creating a beautiful views when crossing the strait. In the districts of Takarimoto and Tomanae, south west, there are also low mountains and hilly areas, while Garotsu ward also has a vast wetland area, and many little lakes.<br />
<br />
On the eastern part of the National Capital Special District, there are a bunch of towns under the special administration of the capital: Shakihori, Shimoroboe, Dankau, Kaimura and Yōneo. <br />
<br />
=== Climate ===<br />
<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<br />
The first settlements in the current area of Sainðaul date back to 7500 BC, as the necropolis of Chikurai and Oebatsun suggest. <br />
At that time the Ariston river delta was more inland than it is nowadays, and the civilization dwelling in this area was probably devoted to fishing.<br />
<br />
Talking about the first record of a community in the area, the most ancient settlement was probably the nowadays Pakkishoi, then called Arawis.<br />
<br />
==Neighborhoods and cityscape==<br />
[[File:Plaza Carso - CDMX - 2013 - 2.jpg|thumb|right|300px|External view of the DANKORE Museum of Art]]<br />
As already stated, Sainðaul is deeply divided geographically into the eastern, traditional area, and the western relatively recently developed portion, and this division is actually easy to feel while traveling within the city. <br />
<br />
The people living in the eastern part, still considered the city center, as it keeps the old town in Kokendake, the central station, most of the government buildings and some of the most ancient universities, watch from a position of superiority the newer western side (Bajikoe), located on Kubori island.<br />
Although nowadays the income and wealth differences between the two parts are nearly not visible, almost until half of the previous century Bajikoe area was widespreadly known to be relatively poor and undeveloped comparing to the affluent old city. <br />
<br />
Since the early 1990s, the west side has been the focus of a large number of public and private investments, with the construction of railways, subways and large real estate projects, particularly following the opening of the new Asunahama International Airport in 2014. This has attracted a large number of foreign companies, which have located their representative offices near the Eisen area (Eigandan-Senpyan), which is now a pole of competition with the traditional business district of Herubori, to the east.<br />
<br />
=== East side (東部) ===<br />
<div style="float: right; padding: 2px"><br />
{{#multimaps:<br />
| zoom = 12<br />
| height = 500px<br />
| width = 500px<br />
| center = 36.0216, 128.9876<br />
| Marker = 36.0164, 129.0320 ~ Kokendake ~ 古剣舘 <br />
| Marker = 36.02371, 129.04748 ~ Eikuku-ji Temple ~ 永國寺 ~ <br />
| Marker = 36.02644, 129.02727 ~ St. Anthony Cathedral ~ 聖𖬮ᐢ𖬁ᐤ𖭑ᛁᒢ大聖堂<br />
| Marker = 36.0289, 128.9975 ~ Kushidaru Amiya Station ~ <br />
| Marker = 36.0108, 128.9881 ~ Herubori Station ~ 杏登駅<br />
| Marker = 36.0204, 128.9663 ~ Sainðaul Central ~ 安作崎𖬖ɭᐢ𖬁𐐢𖬬ᐡ<br />
| Marker = 36.0374, 128.9754 ~ Ekinðuka / Rosemane ~ <br />
| Marker = 36.0567, 129.0087 ~ Jufurai ~ 朱布來 ~ <br />
}}<br />
</div><br />
The official name of the east side, in Izaki, is '''Dōnbu'' (東部), and this area indicates all the extension of Sainðaul on the Ulethian (continental) side. <br />
The core of the city is located on the delta of the Shirusano River, and on 27 islands located in front of it. Originally the Shirusano River flowed into the Tandan Strait with three branches, but some modifications made during the 19th century have diverted the course of the river and dried up some of the lateral branches, modifying the structure of the delta.<br />
<br />
The most notable areas of the east side are:<br />
<br />
*'''Kokendake''', placed on the central-eastern area of the city, is the original core, with the historical center located on Mount Kokendake, registered as a [[Ulethan Heritage Site]]. This old town like area, places at a height of 100 to 150 m on the sea level, overlooks the rest of the newest urban development, and is often considered as the "Terrace of Sainðaul". On the back of Kokendake there are two wide Buddhist temple areas, also part of the historical and cultural heritage, while the front area downhill hosts the huge '''Kokendake Palace''' esplanade and the park itself, extending more than 1,3 square kilometers.<br />
<br />
* North-east of the Kokendake hill we find the '''Eikuku-ji temple''', founded in 1467, and its surrounding, one of the oldest areas of the historic center.<br />
<br />
* Near '''Kushidaru-Amiya station''' the most upscale and elegant area of Sainðaul takes place, with boutiques, refined restaurants and well established hotels in traditional historical buildings. The style of the buildings in this area, mostly built between the 18th and 19th centuries, are influenced by the cultural and architectural styles of the nations of the western Axian peninsula, with some Victorian, Neoclassical and Neo-Gothic buildings. During this age, many architects from Kojo and Saikyel built several noteworthy buildings, including the National Opera, St. Anthony's Cathedral, and the Parliament building, designed by ....<br />
<br />
*'''Herubori''' is a major business area, where most of the company headquarters are located, spreading as well towards '''Aketsue''' station, where media companies and design studios are concentrated. in the west area of Aketsue we also find '''Tomobeye Lan''', one of the hearts of the famosu Izaki teen culture, where apparel shops, cafes, restaurants and game centers are especially spread.<br />
<br />
* The '''Sainðaul Central Station''' east area, the result of an urban refurbishment project carried on during the 80s, with the 750 m long Noujinkade Boulevard, notable buildings such as the '''Sainðaul City Hall''', designed by the famous Izaki architect Pakali Yassukōri or the central library (architect: Kinshōn Erauki). Other points of interest include the Botanic Gardens, the '''Higoi Tamutta Museum of Art''', visited every year by 20 millions of visitors, especially for objects like "the shadow" or "suspended", the Kaipō-ji Temple and Saint Luke cathedral. The west square of the station covers the [[IZX]] high speed trains and the Airport Express platform, and continues with the Oboehari Business Park.<br />
<br />
* The area between '''Ekinðuka''' and '''Rosemane''' is the main museum area of the city, where there is also an open air fossil park with some dinosaurs and other prehistorical animal rests exhibited open air. Also, in this area there are most of the embassies. <br />
<br />
* '''Shakihori''', with a population of over half a million, is an important satellite city, located north of the capital. Initially developed as bed-town, in recent years it has seen a very high growth in population, thanks to lower costs and the presence of some new university campuses that have attracted students from all countries. Here there are also Mount Katanase and Mount Yunchukahe, favorite destinations for the inhabitants of Sainðaul to be able to spend a day in nature just a few minutes from the center.<br />
<br />
* '''Jufurai''' is located north of the central area of the city, and is one of the most affluent residential areas. Here is the park of the same name, the largest in Sainðaul, and some of the most expensive homes, including villas with swimming pools and luxury residential towers.<br />
<br />
<gallery caption="Views of the East side" widths="220px" heights="150px" ><br />
Guangzhou_Opera_House.png|Herubori business district seen from the Eigan-ji Temple<br />
Changdeokgung Palace Oct 2014 006.JPG|The entrance to the Yotaidyen Royal Palace<br />
Ministry_of_Justice_Japan03s3200.jpg|The Parliament House building<br />
Hannoveraner_Opernhaus.jpg|The Opera House<br />
Mongchonhaeja_1.jpg|The Ekinðuka Park<br />
Matsugamine_Catholic_Church_(front)_2013-01-30.JPG|The Cathedral of Saint Anthony<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
===West side (西部)===<br />
Although most of the people say "Bajikoe Area" to indicate the west side, on Kubori island, of Sainðaul, the official calling is '''Saibu'' (西部), literally meaning "west area". <br />
<br />
Coming from the east side, the first approach is probably going to be '''Kasakuri Station''', also a stop for the IZX services, and most of the [[Izarail]] cross-city network.<br />
Kasakuri Station is mainly a junction point, although some corporation headquarters, high rise residential towers and some shopping malls are also located. North of Kasakuri, the main logistics and goods shipping port area extends, with some cultural venues such as the '''DANKORE Museum of Art'''. <br />
<br />
Most of Hokusei ward is residential in its western side, and occupied by port facilities, warehouses and distribution centers on the eastern side.<br />
<br />
;Eigandan-Senpyan (永玵段船駢 / 𖬮ɭᛁ𖬖ɭᐢ)<br />
[[File:Eisen night view(ai-gen).jpg|400px|thumb|right|View of the business district of Eigandan-Senpyan by night]]<br />
Eigandan-Senpyan, commonly known as Eisen by the locals, is the bustling business core of western Sainðaul. Renowned for its vibrant commercial atmosphere, it serves as a hub for numerous international companies and multinationals, which have established their local branch offices here. One of the key factors contributing to its popularity is its direct and convenient link with the '''Asunahama International Airport''', just a short 15-minute ride away on the Airport Express.<br />
<br />
The area underwent a significant transformation with the 1996 redevelopment masterplan, resulting in a modern and dynamic cityscape, and it is home to some of the tallest buildings in Izaland, including "The Zenith." This iconic skyscraper stands tall with an impressive 94 floors and reaches a towering height of 423 meters. The presence of such architectural marvels adds to the skyline and symbolizes the district's economic prowess and cosmopolitan appeal.<br />
<br />
Despite the urbanity and towering structures, Eigandan-Senpyan seamlessly incorporates elements of natural beauty and tranquility into its modernity. The '''Ikasurun Park''', located in Pikamatsu, offers a serene oasis amidst the bustling city. Here, visitors can enjoy lush greenery, open spaces, and various recreational amenities, providing a perfect escape from the hectic urban lifestyle. Furthermore, the district is adorned with a picturesque green area that runs along the Baijikoe canal network. This carefully designed landscape harmoniously blends with the modern infrastructure, creating a refreshing environment for residents and visitors alike. The canal network not only enhances the aesthetic appeal of Eigandan-Senpyan but also contributes to the overall sustainability and ecological balance of the district.<br />
<br />
Eigandan-Senpyan stands as a testament to the city's commitment to progress, innovation, and the seamless integration of nature and urban development. It represents a vibrant and thriving business center, attracting international enterprises, while simultaneously offering a balance of modern amenities, green spaces, and recreational opportunities to ensure a high quality of life for its (rich) inhabitants.<br />
<br />
;[https://opengeofiction.net/#map=16/35.9798/128.7509&layers=B Riihisano]<br />
Riihisano, a vibrant district in south-western Sainðaul, is known for its unique blend of pop subculture, eccentric fashion, and youthful energy. It has captured the hearts of teenagers and university students, making it a popular destination for those seeking a trendy atmosphere. Riihisano's transportation is highly convenient, with excellent access provided by railways, subways, and trams. The picturesque Bajikoe canal is a major attraction, attracting people of all ages for leisure activities such as strolling, cycling, and picnicking. The canal is particularly enchanting during springtime when the district becomes famous for its breathtaking cherry blossoms.<br />
<br />
Riihisano's distinctive appeal lies in its thriving pop subculture, which is a hub of creativity and artistic expression. The streets are adorned with vibrant graffiti, and its shops and boutiques offer unique fashion items reflecting the district's eclectic and avant-garde style. The district also boasts a bustling nightlife, with numerous clubs, bars, and live music venues catering to the energetic and diverse tastes of its residents and visitors. From underground music scenes to mainstream pop performances, Riihisano's entertainment venues ensure there is never a dull moment in the district.<br />
<br />
=== Notable landmarks ===<br />
<br />
;List of the tallest structures<br />
{|class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"<br />
|-<br />
!scope="col"| Name<br />
!scope="col"| Image<br />
!scope="col"| Height<br /><small>[[Metre|m]] ([[Foot (length)|ft]])</small><br />
!scope="col"| Floors<br />
!scope="col"| Year<br />
!scope="col"| Ward<br />
!scope="col" class="unsortable"| Notes<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|20625217|Twaisahanga Tower 156}}<br />
|<br />
[[File:Tswaisahanga tower.png|150px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|782 (2566)<br />
| align="center"|156<br />
| align="center"|2017<br />
| <br />
| One of the tallest buildings in the world<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|25845866|Koneei BOX}}<br />
|[[File:Koneei BOX.png|40px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|485 (1591)<br />
| align="center"|86<br />
| align="center"|2016<br />
|<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|21622256|Eigandan Senpyan The Zenith}}<br />
|<br />
[[File:Eigandan Senpyan The Zenith.png|60px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|423 (1388)<br />
| align="center"|94<br />
| align="center"|2016<br />
|<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|22403749|Rosemane Gate Tower 105}}<br />
|<br />
[[File:Rosemane Gate Tower 105.png|40px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|416 (1364)<br />
| align="center"|105<br />
| align="center"|2008<br />
|<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{relation|242654|Vertigo Tower}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|401 (1315)<br />
| align="center"|76<br />
| align="center"|1998<br />
|<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|22673110|Firanda Tower}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|397 (1302)<br />
| align="center"|86<br />
| align="center"|2008<br />
| <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{relation|261284|Kashimas Tower NE}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|367 (1204)<br />
| align="center"|78<br />
| align="center"|2010<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{node|279009891|iLand Tower A}}<br />
|[[File:ILand Tower AD.png|40px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|342 (1122)<br />
| align="center"|85<br />
| align="center"|2016<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{node|279009888|iLand Tower D}}<br />
|[[File:ILand Tower AD.png|40px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|342 (1122)<br />
| align="center"|85<br />
| align="center"|2016<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|18555683|IDK Building}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|351 (1151)<br />
| align="center"|82<br />
| align="center"|2008<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|26332610|Ippenjaki Kajaringa Jutaku}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|331 (1085)<br />
| align="center"|68<br />
| align="center"|2019<br />
| <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|23840468|Ippenjaki Kajaringa Jutaku}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|323 (1063)<br />
| align="center"|67<br />
| align="center"|2008<br />
| <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|22673113|Eisen Station Tower}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|296 (971)<br />
| align="center"|69<br />
| align="center"|2010<br />
| <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
''To be continued''<br />
<br />
==Administrative divisions==<br />
Sainðaul does not exist as a '''city''' (市, ''shi'') per se, like the other cities of Izaland. Instead, its top level administrative definition is the '''Capital Special Administration District'''. The subdivisions of Sainðaul are 20 '''wards''' (區, ''ku''), four cities (市, ''shi'') and two towns (町, 'nata'):<br />
<br />
===Special Wards (特別区) ===<br />
{| class="wikitable" width = 650px style="font-size:90%;" align=center<br />
! Name<br />
! Askaozhi<br />
! Byakuzhi<br />
! Location<br />
! Population<br> (2021)<br />
|----------bgcolor=lightblue<br />
|Colspan=5 align=center|'''— Wards —'''<br />
|----------<br />
| Asaji-ku || 𖬮𖬖𖬐𖬰ᛁ𖬭𐐢|| 安佐寺區|| East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Bajikoe-ku || 𖬇𖬰𖬐𖬰ᛁ𖬭ᐤɭ𖬭𐐢|| 桐塚區|| West || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Garotsu-ku || 𖬭𖬰𖬬ᐤ𖬑𐐢𖬭𐐢|| 賀呂都區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Hayatogaru-ku || 𖬨𐭘𖬮𖬁ᐤ𖬭𖬰𖬬𐐢𖬭𐐢|| 久松區|| East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Intsushitsa-ku || 𖬮ᛁᐢ𖬑𐐢𖬔ᛁ𖬑𖬭𐐢 || 鰤基區|| East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Jufurai-ku ||𖬐𖬰𐐢𖬌𐐢𖬬꜉𖬭𐐢|| 朱布来區|| East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Juwon-ku || 𖬐𖬰𐐢𐩪𖬮ᐢ𖬭𐐢|| 中央區|| East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Keiyān-ku || 𖬭ᥫ𐭘𖬮⸠ᐢ𖬭𐐢|| 桂陽區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Kokendake-ku || 𖬭ᐤ𖬭ɭᐢ𖬒𖬰𖬭ɭ𖬭𐐢|| 古剣館區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Kyōði-ku || ꓩ𖬭⸠𖬑𖬰ᛁ𖬭𐐢|| 峡上區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Kyōyos-ku || ꓩ𖬭⸠ꓩ𖬮ᒢ𖬭𐐢|| 峡越區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Riihisano-ku || 𖬬ᛁ⸠𖬨ᛁ𖬖𖭑ᐤ𖬭𐐢|| 尾本區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Saikō-ku || 𖬖꜉𖬭ᐤ⸠𖬭𐐢|| 西港區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Shiki-ku || 𖬔ᛁ𖬭ᛁ𖬭𐐢|| 北區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Shutazai-ku || 𖬔𐐢𖬁𖬖𖬰꜉𖬭𐐢|| 守多彩區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Takarimoto-ku || 𖬁𖬭𖬬ᛁ𖬊ᐤ𖬁ᐤ𖬭𐐢|| 浚里鏡區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Tanahama-ku || 𖬁𖭑𖬨𖬊𖬭𐐢|| 多那島區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Tobeskauri-ku || 𖬁ᐤ𖬇𖬰ɭᒢ𖬭'𐐢𖬬ᛁ𖬭𐐢|| 鴨沼區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Tomanae-ku || 𖬁ᐤ𖬊𖭑'ɭ𖬭𐐢|| 庥内區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Wikkaman-ku || 𐐊𖬮𖬘𖬳𖬊ᐢ𖬭𐐢|| 昱賀満區|| West|| tbd<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Special cities===<br />
* '''Shakihori-shi''' (石登市)<br />
* '''Shimoroboe-shi''' (亀岡市)<br />
* '''Dankau-shi''' (檀洪市)<br />
* '''Ibaruno-shi''' (齒琉能市)<br />
<br />
===Special towns===<br />
* '''Kaimura-nata'''<br />
* '''Yōneo-nata'''<br />
<br />
==Transportation==<br />
Sainðaul is the main hub of the whole country transportation, and all the north-south transit passes through the city. For this reason Sainðaul boasts a very specialized network of road and rail corridors, beside being the main aviation terminal of the country.<br />
<br />
===Railways===<br />
The railway network expands north and south-west from the station of [[Sainðaul Central Station|Sainðaul Central]], one of the busiest stations in the world, with about 3 million users daily. From here conventional and high speed railway ([[IZX]]) cross the Tandan Strait linking the city center with Bajikoe (West) area and other destinations on Kubori Island. At the same way, from the central station other lines diramate to connect with the capital the other main cities of the Ulethian side of Izaland. <br />
<br />
[[File:Kanmon-tunnel railway.jpg|thumb|300px|View of the eastern entrance to the Millennium Tunnel]]<br />
In particular, the main rail link between the two sides of the capital runs in a 3 km 6 tracks undersea tunnel, called [[Millennium tunnel]] connecting the stations of Shin-Ikashuni and Kasakuri.<br />
Another railway link is the Line X of the subway, providing a direct connection for the northern suburbs of Sainðaul to the center of Bajikoe. Lastly, another undersea link is the Kawashaku Line, linking Bajikoe with [[Kawayatsu]], a city north from Sainðaul on the Ulethain side. <br />
<br />
The suburban railway system of Sainðaul is called [[Capital Suburban Network (Sainðaul)|Capital Suburban Network]], and is composed by 16 lines operated by Izarail, including the [[Loop Line (Sainðaul)|Loop Line]], (see below) a circular line running in the original center. On the western side of the city, the railway infrastructure runs on a north-south double corridor. <br />
<br />
====Izarail Network====<br />
Izarail's Capital Wider Suburban Mass Transit (首都圏廣域捷運, "shutokwen-kwannwiki-shōun") is the network of local and regional public transport that moves millions of people in and out of Sainðaul every day, connecting all the main towns and settlements whose inhabitants flock to the capital. As of 2024 it is made up of xxx lines, covering a total extension of xx km.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="text-align:center;"<br />
|-<br />
!Code <br />
!Line name<br />
!width=15%|Route<br />
!width=8%|Type<br />
!width=8%|Opened<br />
!width=15%|Extension (km)<br />
!width=15%|Stations<br />
!width=20%|Typical frequency<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#34589F; color:white;" |'''LO'''||Loop Line (環状線)||Sainðaul Central ↔ Hayatogaru||All stop||1937|| 24,5 || 19 || 5 min<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#8dc159; color:white;" |'''KD'''||[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/272493 Kidai Line] (磯大線)||Kirijima ↔ Daihanji||Section rapid|| 1990|| 156,87|| 47 || 10-15 min<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#B8B895; color:white;" |'''CK'''||[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/272494 Chukkūn Line] (竹空線)||Moriyose ↔ Asunahama International Airport||All stop|| 2015|| 55,93|| 31 || 10-15 min<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#7AE3E3; color:black;" |'''SK'''||[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/272510 Seishaku Line] (盛石線)||Igattarun-Juwon ↔ Shakusa|| All stop||1985 || 103,95 || 49 |<br />
20 min (Shakusa - Showanul)</br><br />
20 min (Enikezya- Igattarun)</br><br />
10 min (Showanul - Enikezya)</br><br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#B16B48; color:white;" |'''GD'''||[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/272511 Gaekwan-Dōnbu Line] (外環東部線)||Nari-Shiratsuki ↔ Usehari|| All stop||2005 || 78,48 || TBD || 7-10 min<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#FF66CC; color:white;" |'''SI'''||[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/272492 Sainniga Line] (---線)||Nari-Shiratsuki ↔ Usehari|| All stop|| 1985 || 78,35 || TBD || 10 min<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#ffd320; color:black;" |'''RI'''||[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/414143 Riimiilla Line] (---線)||Riimibaiken ↔ Illashiya||All Stop||1985||100,56||35<br />
|5 min (Riimibaiken - Showanul)</br>10 min (Showanul - Yutsukabul)</br>20 min (Yutsukabul - Illashiya)<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
; Loop Line<br />
The Eastern side of Sainðaul, has got a vital heavy rail line that forms a 24,5 km loop encircling the historic heart of the city. The Loop Line, or 環状線 (Kwanjān-sen) in Izaki, holds a significant place in the city's transport landscape.<br />
<br />
While the official launch of the service dates back to 1937, it's important to note that the Loop Line didn't come into existence as a single entity. Rather, it evolved from the amalgamation of various railway segments, skillfully connected over time. Operating with precision, the Loop Line offers a train frequency of every 5 minutes during typical daytime hours. However, the system gears up to serve the bustling rush hours, providing trains every 90 seconds to cater to the high demand. Some of the trains make Hayatogaru Station their terminus, which is equipped with maintenance and depot facilities<br />
<br />
The loop, standing out on city maps with its distinct prussian blue color, is not just a means of getting around; it serves as a hub of activity and is used daily by an impressive 1.7 million riders. This robust ridership underlines the line's pivotal role in connecting the city's diverse communities and shaping the urban flow of Sainðaul.<br />
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible"<br />
|+Stations list<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Code<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Station name<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Izaki<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Connections with<br />other railways<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Connections with<br />subway lines<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Location<br />
|-<br />
!LL01<br />
|Sainðaul Central<br />
|作安崎中央<br />
|<br />
* Airport Express<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Enishaku Line<br />
* Sainniga Line<br />
* Bajikoe-Dōnnei Line<br />
* IZX<br />
|<br />
*Line 1<br />
* Line 8<br />
*Line 10<br />
* Line 17<br />
* Shindōnsai Link<br />
| rowspan="2" |Juwon<br />
|-<br />
!LL02<br />
|Binno||苠喃<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Enishaku Line<br />
* Bajikoe-Dōnnei Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 4<br />
* Line 17<br />
|-<br />
!LL03<br />
|Shiitehongi||〇〇<br />
|<br />
* Enishaku Line<br />
* Limited Expresses<br />
|<br />
* Line 3<br />
|Shiki<br />
|-<br />
!LL04<br />
|Jigasungai Kōwen||〇〇<br />
|<br />
|<br />
*Line 18<br />
| rowspan="4" | Jufurai<br />
|-<br />
!LL05<br />
|Jufurai Kōwen Niji||朱布来公園西<br />
|<br />
|<br />
* Line 8<br />
* Line 16<br />
|-<br />
!LL06<br />
|Punoidan||〇〇<br />
|<br />
| (At Tensari Omuhate)<br />
* Line 1<br />
* Line 16<br />
|-<br />
!LL07<br />
|Rupekoppe||孱槻<br />
|<br />
| (At Tamanoke Tsunui)<br />
* Line 1<br />
|-<br />
!LL08<br />
|Isenebo||床踔<br />
|<br />
| <br />
* Line 14<br />
| rowspan="4" | Hayatogaru<br />
|-<br />
!LL09<br />
|Igashikura (Taishin Univ.) ||品山(泰進大)<br />
|<br />
* Kidai Line<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!LL10<br />
|Hayatogaru||久松<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Ansoku Line<br />
* Kidai Line<br />
* Sainniga Line<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!LL11<br />
|Rakkashoni||鳶腳<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
|<br />
*Line 2<br />
|-<br />
!LL12<br />
|Sumi-Kokendake||隠古剣館<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Ansoku Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 4<br />
(At Kushigae)<br />
* Line 16<br />
| rowspan="4" | Kokendake<br />
|-<br />
!LL13<br />
|Oritoku||壌外<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 10<br />
|-<br />
!LL14<br />
|Tomiganei||庭ヶ汢<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 9<br />
|-<br />
!LL15<br />
|Tagashiga||浚藻<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!LL16<br />
|Oiseharu||粕墾<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
(At Shin-Oiseharu)<br />
* Shinsabu Main Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 18<br />
| rowspan="4" | Juwon<br />
|-<br />
!LL17<br />
|Herubori||杏登<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
* Ansoku Line<br />
* Airport Express<br />
* Dōnkai Line<br />
* Shinsabu Main Line<br />
* IZX<br />
|<br />
* Line 3<br />
* Line 12<br />
|-<br />
!LL18<br />
|Obakura||〇〇<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 12<br />
* Line 14<br />
|-<br />
!LL19<br />
|Aketsue||薫都衛<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
* Daikiri Line<br />
* Kidai Line<br />
* Enishaku Line<br />
* Bajikoe-Dōnnei Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 12<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Other private railways complete the network of Sainðaul.<br />
<br />
===Tramways===<br />
Before the heavy development of subway lines, Sainðaul had an extensive network of tramways and streetcars, which still survive with a smaller network and some isolated lines in the areas not covered by heavy rail. Still nowadays, especially after the legislation of Mayor Ikaro Asahosai in 2003, a vast program of new tramway projects is on the way, and 126 km of new tracks are going to be laid by 2025. <br />
<br />
====Metro system====<br />
[[File:Metro Sainzaul logo with text.png|frameless|right]]<br />
The [[Sainðaul Metro]] is the mostly underground subway network of the metropolitan area, mainly developed on the two sides of the Tandan Strait. Only three lines cross the strait through the Kishagoi undersea tunnel. The system, as of 2024, is composed of 19 lines (metro proper) and extends on 673.93 km of network. A bunch of privately owned metro-like heavy and light railways complete the network. <br />
<br />
;Owned and run by Sainðaul Metro.<br />
{| class="wikitable" <br />
|-<br />
! Rel<br />
! Code<br />
! Line name<br />
! Opening year<br />
! Extension<br />
! Stations<br />
! Terminus A<br />
! Terminus B<br />
! Thru Service<br />
! Main facts<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242549 1]<br />
| AD<br />
| style="background: #FE7F00;"|'''Agarai-Dōnpuku Line'''<br />
| 1924<br />
| 51,66 km<br />
| 30<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/184719128 Ikashumai Sports Center]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/146716208 Enikezya Forum]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The second oldest line of the system, has been upgraded different times, and also offers and express/rapid services. <br />
* An extension from Ikashumai Sports Center to Yakata is in progress with the opening targeted by 2024<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242565 2]<br />
| HB<br />
| style="background: red;"|'''Hibaru Line'''<br />
| 1919<br />
| 36,02 km<br />
| 27<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/187344183 Naezoto]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/135394631 Mokoba]</br>[http://opengeofiction.net/node/188737257 Hintomaui]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The first subway line built in Izaland, and one of the first in Eastern Uletha, runs west-east in the old core of the city, giving access to the central station area, the government district of Amiya and the historical precincts of the Eikuku-ji Temple. <br />
* Further east the line divides into two branches, one leading to Mokoba, and the other serving as north-south corridod for the city of Oitsura.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242566 3]<br />
| SH<br />
| style="background: #009E4F;"|'''Shakihori Line'''<br />
| 1932<br />
| 42,96 km<br />
| 25<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/256366564 Ansan Shakuiadae]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370158 Iyogateri]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The third line of the Sainðaul Metro network, was first built to connect from north to south the central districts of the capital (Shiitehongi-Herubori). <br />
* In 2019 an extension from Bibawara to Ansan Shakuiadae opened<br />
* Offers a rapid service in the northern part, until Komayunden. South of this station all trains stop at all stations.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242547 4]<br />
| KO<br />
| style="background: #FFD912;"|'''Kokendake Line'''<br />
| 1937<br />
| 18,45 km<br />
| 15<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/129227893 Abawauri]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/126666499 Kawaei]<br />
| <br />
* Onto the Shinsabu Oitsura Line towards Oitsura<br />
* Onto the line 6 from Abawauri to Ipporai-Shindari (only a few trains)<br />
| <br />
* The fourth line of the Sainðaul Metro network, runs partially parallel to the Hibaru (red) line, touching the embassy district (Aguri), the government quarter and the old city (Kushigae, from which the name comes).<br />
* Since the 1998 upgrade, this was the first former line to have a rapid service<br />
* Thru service onto the Shinsabu Oitsura Line towards Oitsura since 1976<br />
|-<br />
|colspan="10"|<br />
[[File:SUL04.svg|1400px|frameless]]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242577 5]<br />
| KE<br />
| style="background: #9E6A51;"|'''Kirifunu Eigandan Line'''<br />
| 1941<br />
| 16,05 km<br />
| 13<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/176782928 Jisahara]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/126666499 Tsuragoi]<br />
| Onto the IR Shosen Line from Jisahara to Kemeusa<br />
| <br />
* The first line built in the Bajikoe area, with the shape of a reversed "L", connects east-west the central district (Konegisa Eigandan and Kirifunu Lan), bending south to Jisahara.<br />
* In 2013 the thru service on to the IR Shosen Line allows rapid trains to reach Komokata. Special trainsets run up to 180 km/h on the special tracks, making this one of the fastest subway in the world.<br />
* Between Komokata and Tsuragoi trains stop at all stations<br />
|-<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242578 6]<br />
| IP<br />
| style="background: #3465A4;"|'''Ipporai Line'''<br />
| 1967<br />
| 47,30 km<br />
| 30<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/259962136 Saibu-Panatsawa]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/229672837 Nari-Gotsurindai]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The first subway line crossing the Tandan Strait, was first built between Ezaesomu and Kotoshiruna in 1967<br />
* In 1973 the undersea tunnel allowed trains to reach Abawauri station, allowing for the first time subway trains to travel between the two sides of the city. This helped to lighten the congestion of the IR lines<br />
* The latest extensions are: from Abawari to Nari-Gotsurindai opened in 2008 (the two last stations, Nari-Gotsurindai and Norihoi are shared with line 18), and from Kōtō-Satahappi to Saibu-Panatsawa in 2018.<br />
* A possible extension via Hōnkūn to Iberotsuna is in the earlier survey stage<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242576 7]<br />
| BJ<br />
| style="background: #00A0BC;"|'''Bajikoe Line'''<br />
| 1972<br />
| 36,47 km<br />
| 29<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/196658312 Pwakkobe]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/147466401 Akettun Shendao]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The line has the shape of the number "5", linking the port area of Riimibaiken city (Komokata Pref.) with the central business district of west Sainðaul, running underneath Eigandan Lan and Shutazai-ku. <br />
* There is a project for a branch line dividing at Sangwya Jiku towards Chikawari, however, no funds are available as of 2022.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242546 8]<br />
| HM<br />
| style="background: #00A2D3;"|'''Hamaas Line'''<br />
| 1958<br />
| 23,95 km<br />
| 22<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/169508181 Kishagoi]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370155 Komayunden]<br />
| <br />
* IR Tandan Kaihyō Line from Kishagoi to Funoshoni<br />
* Ibaches Main Line from Jufurai to Ibaruno<br />
| <br />
* The line has the shape of a "V" letter, and connects the north-west of eastern Sainðaul with the north-east, after reaching all the central locations<br />
* Since it links many islands, the name of the line means "line of the islands".<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242548 9]<br />
| BX<br />
| style="background: #C40062;"|'''Bordeaux Line'''<br />
| 1986<br />
| 14,00 km<br />
| 13<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/135874133 Teyomuka]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/201033004 Shōryān Daishi]<br />
| <br />
* Shinsabu Line from Shōryān Daishi to Hidano (all-stop service only)<br />
| <br />
* The line is the first of the lower capacity lines built in the city. Trains have 6 cars and are fully automated. <br />
* A possible extension to Tsukasai (IR and Agarai-Dōnpuku Line) is in the study phase.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242569 10]<br />
| SO<br />
| style="background: #C46200;"|'''Shakiose Line'''<br />
| 1969<br />
| 32,80 km<br />
| 29<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/122138475 Shakihori]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/229655683 Uhāra-Motu]<br />
| <br />
* Shikisabu Railway to [TBD]<br />
| <br />
* Runs parallel to the Shakihori Line between Niji-Shakihori and Rillantsoye.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242579 11]<br />
| OD<br />
| style="background: #c5e1a5;"|'''Owonideki Line'''<br />
| 2012<br />
| 23.32 km<br />
| 22<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/147457618 Itsayuki-Tonjō]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370188 Jisahara]<br />
| <br />
* Onto the IR Shosen Line to Katayoshi-Juwon<br />
| <br />
* Running North-South mostly following Owonideki Boulevard in the West of the city<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242571 12]<br />
| IS<br />
| style="background: #86EBEB;"|'''Intsushitsa Line'''<br />
| 1995<br />
| 14.23 km<br />
| 13<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/187344184 Kayatsori]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370188 Mewakate-Kippai]<br />
[http://opengeofiction.net/node/342508941 Niji-Yōneo]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The line, one of the shortest of the system, is a fully automated middle-capacity subway, connecting the eastern center with Koyabi island<br />
* In 2020 a new 8,6 km branch line from Tanjānli to Niji-Yōneo opened.<br />
* Averagely 4 services per hour terminate in Mewakate-Kippai, 6 in Niji-Yōneo, and 4 Tanjānli.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242593 13]<br />
| TN<br />
| style="background: #36873c;"|'''Tsuruna Line'''<br />
| 2003<br />
| 39.40 km<br />
| 29<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/229660683 SAIA Cargo Center]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/176765160 Showanul] / [http://opengeofiction.net/node/126143726 Kashimochi]<br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* Passing mostly underground beneath Tsuruna Yaon, the line connects Asunahama International Airport with the western part of the city via Riimibaiken and Tahamuro. <br />
* In the southern part, a spur line connects the mainline from Tsuruna-Mistukane to Showanul, to offer interchanges with IR Lines and IZX Services. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/72E400 14]<br />
| NO<br />
| style="background: #72E400"|'''Nanpuku Otsumi Line'''<br />
| 2004<br />
| 22.57 km<br />
| 20<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/124066185 Migawarae]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370166 Tanjānli] <br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* One of the most heavily used lines of the system, the line connects the busy central hubs of Masuda Agarai, Jufurai, the island of Intsushitsa with the north-eastern districts.<br />
* From the current terminus of Migawarae, an extension to Dankau is in the process of being built.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242580 15]<br />
| UN<br />
| style="background: #db287a"|'''Urenosomi Line'''<br />
| 2010<br />
| 34.31 km<br />
| 24<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/229660683 SAIA Cargo Center]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/176874425 Sakamuso] <br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* Between SAIA Cargo Center and Bibaisone tracks are shared with Line 13 (Tsuruna Line)<br />
* The line draws a semicircle on the western and southern extremities of West Sainðaul.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242570 16]<br />
| KW<br />
| style="background: #816cb1"|'''Kyokwan Line'''<br />
| 2013<br />
| 71.50 km<br />
| 52<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/188445611 Tsukitonai]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/126493368 Kamaishi Kaiyan Kōwen] <br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* The line forms an almost complete mega-loop around the two city centers, connecting prime business areas such as Koneei in Bajikoe with the outer suburbs on the eastern side.<br />
* The tracks are shared with Line 18 between Chikayuda and Kingaus Sangu.<br />
* The original project called for a mega-loop to be completed on the southern part, passing through Kashimochi and Utsullani Islands, but lack of funding so far blocked the project. The estimated cost of completing the line, according to 2020 calculations, is 11.2 billion Etsi. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242573 17]<br />
| ZK<br />
| style="background: #f985bb"|'''Zakumi Line'''<br />
| 2013<br />
| 51.83 km<br />
| 38<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/251115566 Tswankanami Airport] <br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370188 Mewakate Kippai] / [http://opengeofiction.net/node/193581001 Kungaus Sangu Shikumun] <br />
| <br />
* To Kirijima via the IR Gashi Line<br />
|<br />
* The line runs west-east in the northern part of West Sainðaul, and North-South in the Eastern side.<br />
* The pattern is mostly divided into two sections: Kungaus Sangu Shikimun to Tswankanami Airport (or Bibantōri and onwards on the Gashi Line), and Kungaus Sangu to Mewakate Kippai. Some rapid trains however run the whole line in about 55 minutes. <br />
* The tracks are shared with Line 17 between Chikayuda and Kingaus Sangu, and with Line 18 between IDK Arena Station and the Mewakate Kippai terminus.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/292343 18]<br />
| JF<br />
| style="background: #999999"|'''Jufurai Line'''<br />
| 1998<br />
| 27.51 km<br />
| 20<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/229672837 Nari-Gotsurindai]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370188 Mewakate Kippai]<br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* The line runs north-south in the Eastern part of Sainðaul, mainly passing through Jufurai, hence the name<br />
* The subway partially uses tracks of the former IR Dunkōn Line.<br />
* The tracks are shared with Line 17 between IDK Arena Station and the Mewakate Kippai terminus.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/292343 -]<br />
| HO<br />
| style="background: #CD5C5C"|'''Hoze-Oyehatton Line'''<br />
| 2019<br />
| 13.64 km<br />
| 13<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/136187245 Takatsura]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/196658319 Kadokamahiwa]<br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* Fully automated 4 cars light subway line serving the western business district.<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
;Other private metro-like systems<br />
{| class="wikitable" <br />
|-<br />
! Rel<br />
! Code<br />
! Line name<br />
! Opening year<br />
! Extension<br />
! Stations<br />
! Terminus A<br />
! Terminus B<br />
! Thru Service<br />
! Main facts<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/411419 -]<br />
| SX<br />
| style="background: #B22222;"|'''Shubaru Express'''<br />
| 2016<br />
| 53,89 km<br />
| 19<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/124066084 Herubori]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/345089878 Torino Jutakutsi]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* A new privately owned express rail system, it connects Shiratsuki City, east of the metropolitan area, to Herubori over a length of more than 50 km. <br />
* The maximum speed of the trains is 160 km/h (express trains), allowing a travel time of 35 minutes between the two termini (with stops only at Torino Jutakutsi - Shin-Shiratsuki - Jukkapunka - Taimasaki - Kawaei Stadium - Hayatogaru - Agarai-Tomasue - Eiganji - Herubori).<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{{#multimaps: <br />
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| center = 36.0118, 128.8961<br />
| width = 100%<br />
| height = 1000px<br />
| zoom = 12<br />
| maxzoom = 19<br />
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| overlays = +Metro,+Other systems,+Thru services<br />
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"Metro": {"function": "publicTransport", "param": [242567, 242593, 242571, 242579, 242569, 242548, 242546, 242576, 242578, 242577, 242547, 242566, 242565, 242549, 242343, 242573, 242570, 242580, 292343]},<br />
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"Thru services": {"function": "publicTransport", "param": [272674, 303222, 303223, 303227, 303270]}<br />
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<br />
====High Speed Railway====<br />
The high speed trains run on a mostly dedicated alignment. The most busy link is the '''Kubori Main High Speed Line''' (久保李本高鐵線, ''Kubori Hon-kōchessen''), also called '''Keishin IZX Line''' (京深IZX線, ''Keishin Iziikksu sen'') linking Sainðaul Station with Warohan, the second city in size of Izaland. Within the Capital Special Administration District the trains originating Sainðaul call at [[Kasakuri Station|Kasakuri]], the main station for the High Speed trains in Bajikoe, to head then to [[Sainðaul Asunahama International Airport]], having a dedicated High Speed Railway station underneath. <br />
<br />
Other lines stretching from Sainðaul to the continental area are the '''West Sea High Speed Line''' (西海高鐵線, ''Seikai kōchessen'') joining with Shirukami, and the '''Ryānkai IZX Line''' (両海高鐵線, ''Ryānkai kōchessen''), reaching [[Gaintei]] the access city to the highest peaks of Izaland, in the North-West of the country. <br />
<br />
====Projects====<br />
To decongest the millennium tunnel, a new project to build an alternative rail link between Sainðaul and Showanul is in progress, but due to the highly demanding technical challenges and the consequent costs, the building of this infrastructure is not going to happen anytime soon. This project is tentatively called '''Third East-West Rail Link vision''' (第三東西連絡鉄道線構想, ''Deisan dōnðai lyenlakusen kusān'').<br />
<br />
===Aviation===<br />
Sainðaul counts on three main airports: <br />
* '''Asunahama International Airport''', the main intercontinental gate of the city and Izaland, situated off-shore on an artificial island <br />
* '''Kanui Airport''', located close to the old center, active as a city airport and handling most of the domestic traffic<br />
* '''Tswankanami International Airport''', the former intercontinental airport of Izaland, now is mainly a hub for low cost carrier; located on the west side of the city, in Komokata Prefecture.<br />
<br />
====Asunahama International Airport====<br />
'''Sainðaul Asunahama International Airport''' (安作崎空島國際空港 - ''Saindzaul Asunahama Kukujai Kūnkō'') ([[WAAT]]: '''SUL''', [[ANACA]]: '''DZSL''') is the main international hub of [[Izaland]], main hub for [[Izaland Airlines]] and [[Uletha Eastern Airways]], serving all major international destinations worldwide.<br />
<br />
=====History=====<br />
[[File:Rinkuu.JPG|thumb|289px|The "Asunatotsu" bridge connecting the airport island with the mainland]]<br />
The airport opened in 2014 on a 9 sq km artificial island offshore Kubori island to relieve the congestion of the former '''Sainðaul Tswankanami Airport''', now reduced in size and used as a military base, and the '''Sainðaul Kanui Airport''', located in the continental area of the city, now serving mainly domestic and short haul destinations.<br />
<br />
=====Construction works=====<br />
The genesis of this airport backs to year 1998, when the former international airport of Izaland, '''Sainðaul Tswankanami Airport''' started to show signs of saturation. <br />
Different projects were made about the location for a new international airport, including the expansion of the main domestic terminal of Kanui Airport. However, the promising growth of international flights pushed for a wider projects, so the idea of creating a wide airport on an international island took over.<br />
<br />
At first, there were different ideas for the location of the new airport, including near Kawayatsu or Sabullan. However, the Ministry of Infrastructure, asked, in 2001, to locate the new airport possibly along the route of the newly to be built high speed railway (the [[Sainðaul - Warohan Saikai Line]]), so an area in Komokata Prefecture, about 2,4 km offshore between Riimibaiken and Chikawari was chosen, due to the low depth of the sea (not more than 35 m in the deepest area). Particular attention was made to avoid endangering the reef located in the area. <br />
<br />
The preliminary project was ready by september 2005, and the complete financing of the airport, including the undersea high speed railway, was done by spring 2007. <br />
Building works started finally in 2008, first by landfilling the area to create the island. At the same time, tunnel boring machines started digging the two single tracked 18,7 km tunnels from Komokata to Chikawari area, and the HSR station was nearly completed by 2012. The last two years were taken to complete the construction of the airport terminal itself. <br />
<br />
In 2017, due to the increasing low cost flights, especially by the growing IzaFly low cost carrier, a new terminal was built on the southern area of Asunahama island. <br />
The terminal behaves actually as a satellite building, as everyone needs to pass through the check in and immigrations of the main building. The transfer to the low cost terminal is guaranteed by a inter-terminal people mover.<br />
<br />
=====Naming=====<br />
Since the landfilling of the airport island has been one of the biggest project in Izaland, at an estimated cost of about 18 billion USD, a symbolic name was chosen fo the island, calling it '''Asunahama''' (空島, ''asunahama''), meaning "sky island". This name was also chosen to call the airport itself. <br />
<br />
=====Transportation=====<br />
[[File:Airport_Station_2018_08_part2.jpg|thumb|289px|Inside the airport transit station]]<br />
;Road access<br />
The airport island is connected to the mainland by a 2,1 km steel and concrete, the '''Asunatotsu''' bridge (meaning "Sky Bridge").<br />
The bridge is connected to the Keishin Expressway via the '''Asunatotsu IC'''. It is also possible to access to the airport island via a freeway.<br />
<br />
;Rail access<br />
The airport boasts a transit center offering interchange between 2 subway lines, 5 railway services (including the [[Airport Express (Sainðaul)|Airport Express]] and the high speed railway. The hub station of '''Sainðaul Asunahama International Airport''' is located underground, between the parking area and the airport main terminal itself. Access to the arrival lobby is guaranteed by a gentle slope with mobile walkways, while the access to the 4th floor departure lobby is helped by escalators and direct lifts. <br />
<br />
In 2018 opened a 35 minutes train service, the non-stop SATMEX ('''Sainðaul Airports Transit MegaExpress'''), allowing hassle-less transit between intercontinental and domestic flights at Kanui Airport (the train takes to Osenude station, from which mobile walkways lead to the terminal).<br />
<br />
=== Waterways ===<br />
Water transport has always played a primary role in the connections between the dozens of islands that make up the territory of the city. In particular, until the middle of the last century, when there were still no fixed connections between east and west, the Strait of Tandan, where Sainðaul stays, was an extremely busy strip of sea, where hundreds of ferries and vessels passed through every day.<br />
The approximately 25 km north-south extension of the Sainðaul port area has several ports and moorings. As for the eastern side, from north to south the main piers are:<br />
* Gotsurindai<br />
* Kishagoi<br />
* Fukori<br />
* Tsukasai<br />
* Tsutomaku <br />
* Nagaya<br />
<br />
The main ones located on the western shore are:<br />
* Samopuke<br />
* Kasakuri<br />
* Tsuragoi <br />
<br />
[[Category:Izaland]]</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=Sain%C3%B0aul&diff=22875Sainðaul2024-03-09T01:37:40Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: /* Izarail Network */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{ Infobox settlement<br />
|coords_zoom = <br />
|coords_y = <br />
|coords_x = <br />
|layer = <br />
|name = Sainðaul<br />
|native_name = <span style="font-size:120%; line-height: 1.31em;">安作崎・首都特別自治区</span><br/> [[File:Saindzaul_in_kasechi.png|70px]]<br />
|settlement_type = [[Capital Special Administration District]]<br />
|image_flag = Sainzaul flag.png<br />
|flag_caption = Flag of Sainðaul<br />
|image_coat = <br />
|coat_caption = <br />
|loc_type1 = Country<br />
|loc_name1 = [[Izaland]]<br />
|loc_type2 = <br />
|loc_name2 = <br />
| image_custom = <br />
| alt_custom = <br />
| custom_caption = <br />
|image_map = Saindzaul_montage.jpg<br />
|alt_map = <br />
|map_caption = '''From top, left to right''': Tsumiji Station area, Shiitehongi Sumatai Shrine, the dense skyscraper cluster of Eigandan-Senpyan, the Presidential Palace in Kokendake, a view of Kanbata Business Center, the pedestrian street of Tofyushanku Lan, a skater jumping in front of the city skyline, Saint Jeronym Cathedral, night view of Jaihonmu Lan<br />
|ethnic_groups =<br />
|ethnic_groups_year =<br />
|nationalities = Izaki<br />
|demonym = Saindzaulian <br />
|leader_title1 = City Governor<br />
|leader_name1 = Jumyo Attenki<br/>(寿苗掬石)<br />
|leader_title2 = Vice Governor<br />
|leader_name2 = Nahami Tossari<br />
|area_type1 = Total<br />
|area_size1_km2 = 591,12<br />
|area_type2 = <br />
|area_size2_km2 =<br />
|elevation_m = 0 - 567 <br />
|elevation_ft =<br />
|population_estimate = 14,829,146<br />
|population_estimate_year = 2021<br />
|population_census = <br />
|population_census_year = <br />
|population_density_km2 = <br />
|population_density_sq_mi = <br />
|postal_code = 100-0001 - 100-0599<br />
|telephone_code = 02<br />
|metro = tbd<br />
|tram = <br />
|website = toshi.saindzaul.gov.iz<br />
|}}<br />
<br />
'''Sainðaul''' (𖬖ᣟᛁᐡ𖬪𖬰ᣟ𐐢ᘁ, 安作崎・首都特別自治区 ''Sainðaul shuto tukubyes jitsiku''; traditional name in Ingerish '''Sinezawool''', Gaerman '''Zeinzwaül''', IPA reading: /'sainʣa‿ul/) is the largest city and the national capital of [[Izaland]], located one third from north of the country across the Tandan Strait. Sainðaul is one of the most crucial international hubs for economym, culture, finance, production and tourism with nearly 15 millions inhabitants in the metropolitan city (the National Capital District, which corresponds to the city area plus some suburbs), increasing to 22,6 millions including the [[Greater Sainðaul Metropolitan Area]].<br />
<br />
== Etymology - 地名由来==<br />
The name Sainðaul has uncertain origins, and the first records showing something similar to the current name date back to 1243, as in the '''Kojunjasshishū''' (古旬雑詩集) poem the name "Saen Tsoi Ōl" is mentioned. The [[hanji]] currently used for the city name, 安作崎, literally mean "peace - making - promontory", and were first introduced in the Agahaki Reforms of 1659, probably to represent the sound rather for the real meaning.<br />
<br />
== Geography - 地質==<br />
Sainðaul is located accross the two shores of the Tandan Strait, occupying either the continental part of Izaland, either part of Kubori island. <br />
<br />
The original, oldest and historical core of the city is located on [[mount Kokendake]], a less than 200 m hill located 6 km from the central station, that represents the new center of the city. As the settlements expanded towards the sea, along the [[Ariston river]] delta and the nearby islands, since the beginning of the 20th century a wider expansion on the [[Kubori island]] side has seen a major development. Until 1946, the urbanization on Kubori island was actually a different entity, as it was made up of many villages and towns, being '''Bajikoe''' (桐塚, ''Bajikoe'') the main center, with a population of less than 800,000 people in 1945. Even today, going to the western side of the city is referred as "traveling to Bajikoe", although being the western part larger than the original center, the definition is quite wide, so usually one specifies in which area is heading to. [[Bajikoe river|Bajikoe]] is also the name of one of the three rivers crossing the city and eventually reaching the [[Sound of Pa]] in the western area, the other two being [[Jaiken river]] and [[Kunkobe river]].<br />
<br />
The city is almost located on a flat location, however many of the islands in the bay are mountainous, such as Mount Romokagego (567) and Mount Kingaus (456 m), creating a beautiful views when crossing the strait. In the districts of Takarimoto and Tomanae, south west, there are also low mountains and hilly areas, while Garotsu ward also has a vast wetland area, and many little lakes.<br />
<br />
On the eastern part of the National Capital Special District, there are a bunch of towns under the special administration of the capital: Shakihori, Shimoroboe, Dankau, Kaimura and Yōneo. <br />
<br />
=== Climate ===<br />
<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<br />
The first settlements in the current area of Sainðaul date back to 7500 BC, as the necropolis of Chikurai and Oebatsun suggest. <br />
At that time the Ariston river delta was more inland than it is nowadays, and the civilization dwelling in this area was probably devoted to fishing.<br />
<br />
Talking about the first record of a community in the area, the most ancient settlement was probably the nowadays Pakkishoi, then called Arawis.<br />
<br />
==Neighborhoods and cityscape==<br />
[[File:Plaza Carso - CDMX - 2013 - 2.jpg|thumb|right|300px|External view of the DANKORE Museum of Art]]<br />
As already stated, Sainðaul is deeply divided geographically into the eastern, traditional area, and the western relatively recently developed portion, and this division is actually easy to feel while traveling within the city. <br />
<br />
The people living in the eastern part, still considered the city center, as it keeps the old town in Kokendake, the central station, most of the government buildings and some of the most ancient universities, watch from a position of superiority the newer western side (Bajikoe), located on Kubori island.<br />
Although nowadays the income and wealth differences between the two parts are nearly not visible, almost until half of the previous century Bajikoe area was widespreadly known to be relatively poor and undeveloped comparing to the affluent old city. <br />
<br />
Since the early 1990s, the west side has been the focus of a large number of public and private investments, with the construction of railways, subways and large real estate projects, particularly following the opening of the new Asunahama International Airport in 2014. This has attracted a large number of foreign companies, which have located their representative offices near the Eisen area (Eigandan-Senpyan), which is now a pole of competition with the traditional business district of Herubori, to the east.<br />
<br />
=== East side (東部) ===<br />
<div style="float: right; padding: 2px"><br />
{{#multimaps:<br />
| zoom = 12<br />
| height = 500px<br />
| width = 500px<br />
| center = 36.0216, 128.9876<br />
| Marker = 36.0164, 129.0320 ~ Kokendake ~ 古剣舘 <br />
| Marker = 36.02371, 129.04748 ~ Eikuku-ji Temple ~ 永國寺 ~ <br />
| Marker = 36.02644, 129.02727 ~ St. Anthony Cathedral ~ 聖𖬮ᐢ𖬁ᐤ𖭑ᛁᒢ大聖堂<br />
| Marker = 36.0289, 128.9975 ~ Kushidaru Amiya Station ~ <br />
| Marker = 36.0108, 128.9881 ~ Herubori Station ~ 杏登駅<br />
| Marker = 36.0204, 128.9663 ~ Sainðaul Central ~ 安作崎𖬖ɭᐢ𖬁𐐢𖬬ᐡ<br />
| Marker = 36.0374, 128.9754 ~ Ekinðuka / Rosemane ~ <br />
| Marker = 36.0567, 129.0087 ~ Jufurai ~ 朱布來 ~ <br />
}}<br />
</div><br />
The official name of the east side, in Izaki, is '''Dōnbu'' (東部), and this area indicates all the extension of Sainðaul on the Ulethian (continental) side. <br />
The core of the city is located on the delta of the Shirusano River, and on 27 islands located in front of it. Originally the Shirusano River flowed into the Tandan Strait with three branches, but some modifications made during the 19th century have diverted the course of the river and dried up some of the lateral branches, modifying the structure of the delta.<br />
<br />
The most notable areas of the east side are:<br />
<br />
*'''Kokendake''', placed on the central-eastern area of the city, is the original core, with the historical center located on Mount Kokendake, registered as a [[Ulethan Heritage Site]]. This old town like area, places at a height of 100 to 150 m on the sea level, overlooks the rest of the newest urban development, and is often considered as the "Terrace of Sainðaul". On the back of Kokendake there are two wide Buddhist temple areas, also part of the historical and cultural heritage, while the front area downhill hosts the huge '''Kokendake Palace''' esplanade and the park itself, extending more than 1,3 square kilometers.<br />
<br />
* North-east of the Kokendake hill we find the '''Eikuku-ji temple''', founded in 1467, and its surrounding, one of the oldest areas of the historic center.<br />
<br />
* Near '''Kushidaru-Amiya station''' the most upscale and elegant area of Sainðaul takes place, with boutiques, refined restaurants and well established hotels in traditional historical buildings. The style of the buildings in this area, mostly built between the 18th and 19th centuries, are influenced by the cultural and architectural styles of the nations of the western Axian peninsula, with some Victorian, Neoclassical and Neo-Gothic buildings. During this age, many architects from Kojo and Saikyel built several noteworthy buildings, including the National Opera, St. Anthony's Cathedral, and the Parliament building, designed by ....<br />
<br />
*'''Herubori''' is a major business area, where most of the company headquarters are located, spreading as well towards '''Aketsue''' station, where media companies and design studios are concentrated. in the west area of Aketsue we also find '''Tomobeye Lan''', one of the hearts of the famosu Izaki teen culture, where apparel shops, cafes, restaurants and game centers are especially spread.<br />
<br />
* The '''Sainðaul Central Station''' east area, the result of an urban refurbishment project carried on during the 80s, with the 750 m long Noujinkade Boulevard, notable buildings such as the '''Sainðaul City Hall''', designed by the famous Izaki architect Pakali Yassukōri or the central library (architect: Kinshōn Erauki). Other points of interest include the Botanic Gardens, the '''Higoi Tamutta Museum of Art''', visited every year by 20 millions of visitors, especially for objects like "the shadow" or "suspended", the Kaipō-ji Temple and Saint Luke cathedral. The west square of the station covers the [[IZX]] high speed trains and the Airport Express platform, and continues with the Oboehari Business Park.<br />
<br />
* The area between '''Ekinðuka''' and '''Rosemane''' is the main museum area of the city, where there is also an open air fossil park with some dinosaurs and other prehistorical animal rests exhibited open air. Also, in this area there are most of the embassies. <br />
<br />
* '''Shakihori''', with a population of over half a million, is an important satellite city, located north of the capital. Initially developed as bed-town, in recent years it has seen a very high growth in population, thanks to lower costs and the presence of some new university campuses that have attracted students from all countries. Here there are also Mount Katanase and Mount Yunchukahe, favorite destinations for the inhabitants of Sainðaul to be able to spend a day in nature just a few minutes from the center.<br />
<br />
* '''Jufurai''' is located north of the central area of the city, and is one of the most affluent residential areas. Here is the park of the same name, the largest in Sainðaul, and some of the most expensive homes, including villas with swimming pools and luxury residential towers.<br />
<br />
<gallery caption="Views of the East side" widths="220px" heights="150px" ><br />
Guangzhou_Opera_House.png|Herubori business district seen from the Eigan-ji Temple<br />
Changdeokgung Palace Oct 2014 006.JPG|The entrance to the Yotaidyen Royal Palace<br />
Ministry_of_Justice_Japan03s3200.jpg|The Parliament House building<br />
Hannoveraner_Opernhaus.jpg|The Opera House<br />
Mongchonhaeja_1.jpg|The Ekinðuka Park<br />
Matsugamine_Catholic_Church_(front)_2013-01-30.JPG|The Cathedral of Saint Anthony<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
===West side (西部)===<br />
Although most of the people say "Bajikoe Area" to indicate the west side, on Kubori island, of Sainðaul, the official calling is '''Saibu'' (西部), literally meaning "west area". <br />
<br />
Coming from the east side, the first approach is probably going to be '''Kasakuri Station''', also a stop for the IZX services, and most of the [[Izarail]] cross-city network.<br />
Kasakuri Station is mainly a junction point, although some corporation headquarters, high rise residential towers and some shopping malls are also located. North of Kasakuri, the main logistics and goods shipping port area extends, with some cultural venues such as the '''DANKORE Museum of Art'''. <br />
<br />
Most of Hokusei ward is residential in its western side, and occupied by port facilities, warehouses and distribution centers on the eastern side.<br />
<br />
;Eigandan-Senpyan (永玵段船駢 / 𖬮ɭᛁ𖬖ɭᐢ)<br />
[[File:Eisen night view(ai-gen).jpg|400px|thumb|right|View of the business district of Eigandan-Senpyan by night]]<br />
Eigandan-Senpyan, commonly known as Eisen by the locals, is the bustling business core of western Sainðaul. Renowned for its vibrant commercial atmosphere, it serves as a hub for numerous international companies and multinationals, which have established their local branch offices here. One of the key factors contributing to its popularity is its direct and convenient link with the '''Asunahama International Airport''', just a short 15-minute ride away on the Airport Express.<br />
<br />
The area underwent a significant transformation with the 1996 redevelopment masterplan, resulting in a modern and dynamic cityscape, and it is home to some of the tallest buildings in Izaland, including "The Zenith." This iconic skyscraper stands tall with an impressive 94 floors and reaches a towering height of 423 meters. The presence of such architectural marvels adds to the skyline and symbolizes the district's economic prowess and cosmopolitan appeal.<br />
<br />
Despite the urbanity and towering structures, Eigandan-Senpyan seamlessly incorporates elements of natural beauty and tranquility into its modernity. The '''Ikasurun Park''', located in Pikamatsu, offers a serene oasis amidst the bustling city. Here, visitors can enjoy lush greenery, open spaces, and various recreational amenities, providing a perfect escape from the hectic urban lifestyle. Furthermore, the district is adorned with a picturesque green area that runs along the Baijikoe canal network. This carefully designed landscape harmoniously blends with the modern infrastructure, creating a refreshing environment for residents and visitors alike. The canal network not only enhances the aesthetic appeal of Eigandan-Senpyan but also contributes to the overall sustainability and ecological balance of the district.<br />
<br />
Eigandan-Senpyan stands as a testament to the city's commitment to progress, innovation, and the seamless integration of nature and urban development. It represents a vibrant and thriving business center, attracting international enterprises, while simultaneously offering a balance of modern amenities, green spaces, and recreational opportunities to ensure a high quality of life for its (rich) inhabitants.<br />
<br />
;[https://opengeofiction.net/#map=16/35.9798/128.7509&layers=B Riihisano]<br />
Riihisano, a vibrant district in south-western Sainðaul, is known for its unique blend of pop subculture, eccentric fashion, and youthful energy. It has captured the hearts of teenagers and university students, making it a popular destination for those seeking a trendy atmosphere. Riihisano's transportation is highly convenient, with excellent access provided by railways, subways, and trams. The picturesque Bajikoe canal is a major attraction, attracting people of all ages for leisure activities such as strolling, cycling, and picnicking. The canal is particularly enchanting during springtime when the district becomes famous for its breathtaking cherry blossoms.<br />
<br />
Riihisano's distinctive appeal lies in its thriving pop subculture, which is a hub of creativity and artistic expression. The streets are adorned with vibrant graffiti, and its shops and boutiques offer unique fashion items reflecting the district's eclectic and avant-garde style. The district also boasts a bustling nightlife, with numerous clubs, bars, and live music venues catering to the energetic and diverse tastes of its residents and visitors. From underground music scenes to mainstream pop performances, Riihisano's entertainment venues ensure there is never a dull moment in the district.<br />
<br />
=== Notable landmarks ===<br />
<br />
;List of the tallest structures<br />
{|class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"<br />
|-<br />
!scope="col"| Name<br />
!scope="col"| Image<br />
!scope="col"| Height<br /><small>[[Metre|m]] ([[Foot (length)|ft]])</small><br />
!scope="col"| Floors<br />
!scope="col"| Year<br />
!scope="col"| Ward<br />
!scope="col" class="unsortable"| Notes<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|20625217|Twaisahanga Tower 156}}<br />
|<br />
[[File:Tswaisahanga tower.png|150px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|782 (2566)<br />
| align="center"|156<br />
| align="center"|2017<br />
| <br />
| One of the tallest buildings in the world<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|25845866|Koneei BOX}}<br />
|[[File:Koneei BOX.png|40px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|485 (1591)<br />
| align="center"|86<br />
| align="center"|2016<br />
|<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|21622256|Eigandan Senpyan The Zenith}}<br />
|<br />
[[File:Eigandan Senpyan The Zenith.png|60px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|423 (1388)<br />
| align="center"|94<br />
| align="center"|2016<br />
|<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|22403749|Rosemane Gate Tower 105}}<br />
|<br />
[[File:Rosemane Gate Tower 105.png|40px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|416 (1364)<br />
| align="center"|105<br />
| align="center"|2008<br />
|<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{relation|242654|Vertigo Tower}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|401 (1315)<br />
| align="center"|76<br />
| align="center"|1998<br />
|<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|22673110|Firanda Tower}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|397 (1302)<br />
| align="center"|86<br />
| align="center"|2008<br />
| <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{relation|261284|Kashimas Tower NE}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|367 (1204)<br />
| align="center"|78<br />
| align="center"|2010<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{node|279009891|iLand Tower A}}<br />
|[[File:ILand Tower AD.png|40px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|342 (1122)<br />
| align="center"|85<br />
| align="center"|2016<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{node|279009888|iLand Tower D}}<br />
|[[File:ILand Tower AD.png|40px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|342 (1122)<br />
| align="center"|85<br />
| align="center"|2016<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|18555683|IDK Building}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|351 (1151)<br />
| align="center"|82<br />
| align="center"|2008<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|26332610|Ippenjaki Kajaringa Jutaku}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|331 (1085)<br />
| align="center"|68<br />
| align="center"|2019<br />
| <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|23840468|Ippenjaki Kajaringa Jutaku}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|323 (1063)<br />
| align="center"|67<br />
| align="center"|2008<br />
| <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|22673113|Eisen Station Tower}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|296 (971)<br />
| align="center"|69<br />
| align="center"|2010<br />
| <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
''To be continued''<br />
<br />
==Administrative divisions==<br />
Sainðaul does not exist as a '''city''' (市, ''shi'') per se, like the other cities of Izaland. Instead, its top level administrative definition is the '''Capital Special Administration District'''. The subdivisions of Sainðaul are 20 '''wards''' (區, ''ku''), four cities (市, ''shi'') and two towns (町, 'nata'):<br />
<br />
===Special Wards (特別区) ===<br />
{| class="wikitable" width = 650px style="font-size:90%;" align=center<br />
! Name<br />
! Askaozhi<br />
! Byakuzhi<br />
! Location<br />
! Population<br> (2021)<br />
|----------bgcolor=lightblue<br />
|Colspan=5 align=center|'''— Wards —'''<br />
|----------<br />
| Asaji-ku || 𖬮𖬖𖬐𖬰ᛁ𖬭𐐢|| 安佐寺區|| East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Bajikoe-ku || 𖬇𖬰𖬐𖬰ᛁ𖬭ᐤɭ𖬭𐐢|| 桐塚區|| West || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Garotsu-ku || 𖬭𖬰𖬬ᐤ𖬑𐐢𖬭𐐢|| 賀呂都區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Hayatogaru-ku || 𖬨𐭘𖬮𖬁ᐤ𖬭𖬰𖬬𐐢𖬭𐐢|| 久松區|| East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Intsushitsa-ku || 𖬮ᛁᐢ𖬑𐐢𖬔ᛁ𖬑𖬭𐐢 || 鰤基區|| East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Jufurai-ku ||𖬐𖬰𐐢𖬌𐐢𖬬꜉𖬭𐐢|| 朱布来區|| East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Juwon-ku || 𖬐𖬰𐐢𐩪𖬮ᐢ𖬭𐐢|| 中央區|| East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Keiyān-ku || 𖬭ᥫ𐭘𖬮⸠ᐢ𖬭𐐢|| 桂陽區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Kokendake-ku || 𖬭ᐤ𖬭ɭᐢ𖬒𖬰𖬭ɭ𖬭𐐢|| 古剣館區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Kyōði-ku || ꓩ𖬭⸠𖬑𖬰ᛁ𖬭𐐢|| 峡上區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Kyōyos-ku || ꓩ𖬭⸠ꓩ𖬮ᒢ𖬭𐐢|| 峡越區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Riihisano-ku || 𖬬ᛁ⸠𖬨ᛁ𖬖𖭑ᐤ𖬭𐐢|| 尾本區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Saikō-ku || 𖬖꜉𖬭ᐤ⸠𖬭𐐢|| 西港區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Shiki-ku || 𖬔ᛁ𖬭ᛁ𖬭𐐢|| 北區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Shutazai-ku || 𖬔𐐢𖬁𖬖𖬰꜉𖬭𐐢|| 守多彩區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Takarimoto-ku || 𖬁𖬭𖬬ᛁ𖬊ᐤ𖬁ᐤ𖬭𐐢|| 浚里鏡區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Tanahama-ku || 𖬁𖭑𖬨𖬊𖬭𐐢|| 多那島區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Tobeskauri-ku || 𖬁ᐤ𖬇𖬰ɭᒢ𖬭'𐐢𖬬ᛁ𖬭𐐢|| 鴨沼區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Tomanae-ku || 𖬁ᐤ𖬊𖭑'ɭ𖬭𐐢|| 庥内區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Wikkaman-ku || 𐐊𖬮𖬘𖬳𖬊ᐢ𖬭𐐢|| 昱賀満區|| West|| tbd<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Special cities===<br />
* '''Shakihori-shi''' (石登市)<br />
* '''Shimoroboe-shi''' (亀岡市)<br />
* '''Dankau-shi''' (檀洪市)<br />
* '''Ibaruno-shi''' (齒琉能市)<br />
<br />
===Special towns===<br />
* '''Kaimura-nata'''<br />
* '''Yōneo-nata'''<br />
<br />
==Transportation==<br />
Sainðaul is the main hub of the whole country transportation, and all the north-south transit passes through the city. For this reason Sainðaul boasts a very specialized network of road and rail corridors, beside being the main aviation terminal of the country.<br />
<br />
===Railways===<br />
The railway network expands north and south-west from the station of [[Sainðaul Central Station|Sainðaul Central]], one of the busiest stations in the world, with about 3 million users daily. From here conventional and high speed railway ([[IZX]]) cross the Tandan Strait linking the city center with Bajikoe (West) area and other destinations on Kubori Island. At the same way, from the central station other lines diramate to connect with the capital the other main cities of the Ulethian side of Izaland. <br />
<br />
[[File:Kanmon-tunnel railway.jpg|thumb|300px|View of the eastern entrance to the Millennium Tunnel]]<br />
In particular, the main rail link between the two sides of the capital runs in a 3 km 6 tracks undersea tunnel, called [[Millennium tunnel]] connecting the stations of Shin-Ikashuni and Kasakuri.<br />
Another railway link is the Line X of the subway, providing a direct connection for the northern suburbs of Sainðaul to the center of Bajikoe. Lastly, another undersea link is the Kawashaku Line, linking Bajikoe with [[Kawayatsu]], a city north from Sainðaul on the Ulethain side. <br />
<br />
The suburban railway system of Sainðaul is called [[Capital Suburban Network (Sainðaul)|Capital Suburban Network]], and is composed by 16 lines operated by Izarail, including the [[Loop Line (Sainðaul)|Loop Line]], (see below) a circular line running in the original center. On the western side of the city, the railway infrastructure runs on a north-south double corridor. <br />
<br />
====Izarail Network====<br />
Izarail's Capital Wider Suburban Mass Transit (首都圏廣域捷運, "shutokwen-kwannwiki-shōun") is the network of local and regional public transport that moves millions of people in and out of Sainðaul every day, connecting all the main towns and settlements whose inhabitants flock to the capital. As of 2024 it is made up of xxx lines, covering a total extension of xx km.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="text-align:center;"<br />
|-<br />
!Code <br />
!Line name<br />
!width=15%|Route<br />
!width=8%|Opened<br />
!width=15%|Extension (km)<br />
!width=15%|Stations<br />
!width=15%|Typical frequency<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#34589F; color:white;" |'''LO'''||Loop Line (環状線)||Sainðaul Central ↔ Hayatogaru|| 1937|| 24,5 || 19 || 5 min<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#8dc159; color:white;" |'''KD'''||[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/272493 Kidai Line] (磯大線)||Kirijima ↔ Daihanji|| 1990|| 156,87|| 47 || 10-15 min<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#B8B895; color:white;" |'''CK'''||[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/272494 Chukkūn Line] (竹空線)||Moriyose ↔ Asunahama International Airport|| 2015|| 55,93|| 31 || 10-15 min<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#7AE3E3; color:black;" |'''SK'''||[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/272510 Seishaku Line] (盛石線)||Igattarun-Juwon ↔ Shakusa|| 1985 || 103,95 || 49 || 10-15 min<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#B16B48; color:white;" |'''GD'''||[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/272511 Gaekwan-Dōnbu Line] (外環東部線)||Nari-Shiratsuki ↔ Usehari|| 2005 || 78,48 || TBD || 7-10 min<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#FF66CC; color:white;" |'''SI'''||[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/272492 Sainniga Line] (---線)||Nari-Shiratsuki ↔ Usehari|| 1985 || 78,35 || TBD || 10 min<br />
|-<br />
|'''RI'''<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/414143 Riimiilla Line] (---線)<br />
|Riimibaiken ↔ Illashiya<br />
|1985<br />
|100,56<br />
|35<br />
|5 min (Riimibaiken - Showanul(<br />
10 min (Showanul - Yutsukabul(<br />
<br />
20 min (Yutsukabul - Illashiya)<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
; Loop Line<br />
The Eastern side of Sainðaul, has got a vital heavy rail line that forms a 24,5 km loop encircling the historic heart of the city. The Loop Line, or 環状線 (Kwanjān-sen) in Izaki, holds a significant place in the city's transport landscape.<br />
<br />
While the official launch of the service dates back to 1937, it's important to note that the Loop Line didn't come into existence as a single entity. Rather, it evolved from the amalgamation of various railway segments, skillfully connected over time. Operating with precision, the Loop Line offers a train frequency of every 5 minutes during typical daytime hours. However, the system gears up to serve the bustling rush hours, providing trains every 90 seconds to cater to the high demand. Some of the trains make Hayatogaru Station their terminus, which is equipped with maintenance and depot facilities<br />
<br />
The loop, standing out on city maps with its distinct prussian blue color, is not just a means of getting around; it serves as a hub of activity and is used daily by an impressive 1.7 million riders. This robust ridership underlines the line's pivotal role in connecting the city's diverse communities and shaping the urban flow of Sainðaul.<br />
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible"<br />
|+Stations list<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Code<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Station name<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Izaki<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Connections with<br />other railways<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Connections with<br />subway lines<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Location<br />
|-<br />
!LL01<br />
|Sainðaul Central<br />
|作安崎中央<br />
|<br />
* Airport Express<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Enishaku Line<br />
* Sainniga Line<br />
* Bajikoe-Dōnnei Line<br />
* IZX<br />
|<br />
*Line 1<br />
* Line 8<br />
*Line 10<br />
* Line 17<br />
* Shindōnsai Link<br />
| rowspan="2" |Juwon<br />
|-<br />
!LL02<br />
|Binno||苠喃<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Enishaku Line<br />
* Bajikoe-Dōnnei Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 4<br />
* Line 17<br />
|-<br />
!LL03<br />
|Shiitehongi||〇〇<br />
|<br />
* Enishaku Line<br />
* Limited Expresses<br />
|<br />
* Line 3<br />
|Shiki<br />
|-<br />
!LL04<br />
|Jigasungai Kōwen||〇〇<br />
|<br />
|<br />
*Line 18<br />
| rowspan="4" | Jufurai<br />
|-<br />
!LL05<br />
|Jufurai Kōwen Niji||朱布来公園西<br />
|<br />
|<br />
* Line 8<br />
* Line 16<br />
|-<br />
!LL06<br />
|Punoidan||〇〇<br />
|<br />
| (At Tensari Omuhate)<br />
* Line 1<br />
* Line 16<br />
|-<br />
!LL07<br />
|Rupekoppe||孱槻<br />
|<br />
| (At Tamanoke Tsunui)<br />
* Line 1<br />
|-<br />
!LL08<br />
|Isenebo||床踔<br />
|<br />
| <br />
* Line 14<br />
| rowspan="4" | Hayatogaru<br />
|-<br />
!LL09<br />
|Igashikura (Taishin Univ.) ||品山(泰進大)<br />
|<br />
* Kidai Line<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!LL10<br />
|Hayatogaru||久松<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Ansoku Line<br />
* Kidai Line<br />
* Sainniga Line<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!LL11<br />
|Rakkashoni||鳶腳<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
|<br />
*Line 2<br />
|-<br />
!LL12<br />
|Sumi-Kokendake||隠古剣館<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Ansoku Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 4<br />
(At Kushigae)<br />
* Line 16<br />
| rowspan="4" | Kokendake<br />
|-<br />
!LL13<br />
|Oritoku||壌外<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 10<br />
|-<br />
!LL14<br />
|Tomiganei||庭ヶ汢<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 9<br />
|-<br />
!LL15<br />
|Tagashiga||浚藻<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!LL16<br />
|Oiseharu||粕墾<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
(At Shin-Oiseharu)<br />
* Shinsabu Main Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 18<br />
| rowspan="4" | Juwon<br />
|-<br />
!LL17<br />
|Herubori||杏登<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
* Ansoku Line<br />
* Airport Express<br />
* Dōnkai Line<br />
* Shinsabu Main Line<br />
* IZX<br />
|<br />
* Line 3<br />
* Line 12<br />
|-<br />
!LL18<br />
|Obakura||〇〇<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 12<br />
* Line 14<br />
|-<br />
!LL19<br />
|Aketsue||薫都衛<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
* Daikiri Line<br />
* Kidai Line<br />
* Enishaku Line<br />
* Bajikoe-Dōnnei Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 12<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Other private railways complete the network of Sainðaul.<br />
<br />
===Tramways===<br />
Before the heavy development of subway lines, Sainðaul had an extensive network of tramways and streetcars, which still survive with a smaller network and some isolated lines in the areas not covered by heavy rail. Still nowadays, especially after the legislation of Mayor Ikaro Asahosai in 2003, a vast program of new tramway projects is on the way, and 126 km of new tracks are going to be laid by 2025. <br />
<br />
====Metro system====<br />
[[File:Metro Sainzaul logo with text.png|frameless|right]]<br />
The [[Sainðaul Metro]] is the mostly underground subway network of the metropolitan area, mainly developed on the two sides of the Tandan Strait. Only three lines cross the strait through the Kishagoi undersea tunnel. The system, as of 2024, is composed of 19 lines (metro proper) and extends on 673.93 km of network. A bunch of privately owned metro-like heavy and light railways complete the network. <br />
<br />
;Owned and run by Sainðaul Metro.<br />
{| class="wikitable" <br />
|-<br />
! Rel<br />
! Code<br />
! Line name<br />
! Opening year<br />
! Extension<br />
! Stations<br />
! Terminus A<br />
! Terminus B<br />
! Thru Service<br />
! Main facts<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242549 1]<br />
| AD<br />
| style="background: #FE7F00;"|'''Agarai-Dōnpuku Line'''<br />
| 1924<br />
| 51,66 km<br />
| 30<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/184719128 Ikashumai Sports Center]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/146716208 Enikezya Forum]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The second oldest line of the system, has been upgraded different times, and also offers and express/rapid services. <br />
* An extension from Ikashumai Sports Center to Yakata is in progress with the opening targeted by 2024<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242565 2]<br />
| HB<br />
| style="background: red;"|'''Hibaru Line'''<br />
| 1919<br />
| 36,02 km<br />
| 27<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/187344183 Naezoto]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/135394631 Mokoba]</br>[http://opengeofiction.net/node/188737257 Hintomaui]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The first subway line built in Izaland, and one of the first in Eastern Uletha, runs west-east in the old core of the city, giving access to the central station area, the government district of Amiya and the historical precincts of the Eikuku-ji Temple. <br />
* Further east the line divides into two branches, one leading to Mokoba, and the other serving as north-south corridod for the city of Oitsura.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242566 3]<br />
| SH<br />
| style="background: #009E4F;"|'''Shakihori Line'''<br />
| 1932<br />
| 42,96 km<br />
| 25<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/256366564 Ansan Shakuiadae]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370158 Iyogateri]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The third line of the Sainðaul Metro network, was first built to connect from north to south the central districts of the capital (Shiitehongi-Herubori). <br />
* In 2019 an extension from Bibawara to Ansan Shakuiadae opened<br />
* Offers a rapid service in the northern part, until Komayunden. South of this station all trains stop at all stations.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242547 4]<br />
| KO<br />
| style="background: #FFD912;"|'''Kokendake Line'''<br />
| 1937<br />
| 18,45 km<br />
| 15<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/129227893 Abawauri]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/126666499 Kawaei]<br />
| <br />
* Onto the Shinsabu Oitsura Line towards Oitsura<br />
* Onto the line 6 from Abawauri to Ipporai-Shindari (only a few trains)<br />
| <br />
* The fourth line of the Sainðaul Metro network, runs partially parallel to the Hibaru (red) line, touching the embassy district (Aguri), the government quarter and the old city (Kushigae, from which the name comes).<br />
* Since the 1998 upgrade, this was the first former line to have a rapid service<br />
* Thru service onto the Shinsabu Oitsura Line towards Oitsura since 1976<br />
|-<br />
|colspan="10"|<br />
[[File:SUL04.svg|1400px|frameless]]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242577 5]<br />
| KE<br />
| style="background: #9E6A51;"|'''Kirifunu Eigandan Line'''<br />
| 1941<br />
| 16,05 km<br />
| 13<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/176782928 Jisahara]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/126666499 Tsuragoi]<br />
| Onto the IR Shosen Line from Jisahara to Kemeusa<br />
| <br />
* The first line built in the Bajikoe area, with the shape of a reversed "L", connects east-west the central district (Konegisa Eigandan and Kirifunu Lan), bending south to Jisahara.<br />
* In 2013 the thru service on to the IR Shosen Line allows rapid trains to reach Komokata. Special trainsets run up to 180 km/h on the special tracks, making this one of the fastest subway in the world.<br />
* Between Komokata and Tsuragoi trains stop at all stations<br />
|-<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242578 6]<br />
| IP<br />
| style="background: #3465A4;"|'''Ipporai Line'''<br />
| 1967<br />
| 47,30 km<br />
| 30<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/259962136 Saibu-Panatsawa]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/229672837 Nari-Gotsurindai]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The first subway line crossing the Tandan Strait, was first built between Ezaesomu and Kotoshiruna in 1967<br />
* In 1973 the undersea tunnel allowed trains to reach Abawauri station, allowing for the first time subway trains to travel between the two sides of the city. This helped to lighten the congestion of the IR lines<br />
* The latest extensions are: from Abawari to Nari-Gotsurindai opened in 2008 (the two last stations, Nari-Gotsurindai and Norihoi are shared with line 18), and from Kōtō-Satahappi to Saibu-Panatsawa in 2018.<br />
* A possible extension via Hōnkūn to Iberotsuna is in the earlier survey stage<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242576 7]<br />
| BJ<br />
| style="background: #00A0BC;"|'''Bajikoe Line'''<br />
| 1972<br />
| 36,47 km<br />
| 29<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/196658312 Pwakkobe]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/147466401 Akettun Shendao]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The line has the shape of the number "5", linking the port area of Riimibaiken city (Komokata Pref.) with the central business district of west Sainðaul, running underneath Eigandan Lan and Shutazai-ku. <br />
* There is a project for a branch line dividing at Sangwya Jiku towards Chikawari, however, no funds are available as of 2022.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242546 8]<br />
| HM<br />
| style="background: #00A2D3;"|'''Hamaas Line'''<br />
| 1958<br />
| 23,95 km<br />
| 22<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/169508181 Kishagoi]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370155 Komayunden]<br />
| <br />
* IR Tandan Kaihyō Line from Kishagoi to Funoshoni<br />
* Ibaches Main Line from Jufurai to Ibaruno<br />
| <br />
* The line has the shape of a "V" letter, and connects the north-west of eastern Sainðaul with the north-east, after reaching all the central locations<br />
* Since it links many islands, the name of the line means "line of the islands".<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242548 9]<br />
| BX<br />
| style="background: #C40062;"|'''Bordeaux Line'''<br />
| 1986<br />
| 14,00 km<br />
| 13<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/135874133 Teyomuka]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/201033004 Shōryān Daishi]<br />
| <br />
* Shinsabu Line from Shōryān Daishi to Hidano (all-stop service only)<br />
| <br />
* The line is the first of the lower capacity lines built in the city. Trains have 6 cars and are fully automated. <br />
* A possible extension to Tsukasai (IR and Agarai-Dōnpuku Line) is in the study phase.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242569 10]<br />
| SO<br />
| style="background: #C46200;"|'''Shakiose Line'''<br />
| 1969<br />
| 32,80 km<br />
| 29<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/122138475 Shakihori]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/229655683 Uhāra-Motu]<br />
| <br />
* Shikisabu Railway to [TBD]<br />
| <br />
* Runs parallel to the Shakihori Line between Niji-Shakihori and Rillantsoye.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242579 11]<br />
| OD<br />
| style="background: #c5e1a5;"|'''Owonideki Line'''<br />
| 2012<br />
| 23.32 km<br />
| 22<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/147457618 Itsayuki-Tonjō]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370188 Jisahara]<br />
| <br />
* Onto the IR Shosen Line to Katayoshi-Juwon<br />
| <br />
* Running North-South mostly following Owonideki Boulevard in the West of the city<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242571 12]<br />
| IS<br />
| style="background: #86EBEB;"|'''Intsushitsa Line'''<br />
| 1995<br />
| 14.23 km<br />
| 13<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/187344184 Kayatsori]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370188 Mewakate-Kippai]<br />
[http://opengeofiction.net/node/342508941 Niji-Yōneo]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The line, one of the shortest of the system, is a fully automated middle-capacity subway, connecting the eastern center with Koyabi island<br />
* In 2020 a new 8,6 km branch line from Tanjānli to Niji-Yōneo opened.<br />
* Averagely 4 services per hour terminate in Mewakate-Kippai, 6 in Niji-Yōneo, and 4 Tanjānli.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242593 13]<br />
| TN<br />
| style="background: #36873c;"|'''Tsuruna Line'''<br />
| 2003<br />
| 39.40 km<br />
| 29<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/229660683 SAIA Cargo Center]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/176765160 Showanul] / [http://opengeofiction.net/node/126143726 Kashimochi]<br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* Passing mostly underground beneath Tsuruna Yaon, the line connects Asunahama International Airport with the western part of the city via Riimibaiken and Tahamuro. <br />
* In the southern part, a spur line connects the mainline from Tsuruna-Mistukane to Showanul, to offer interchanges with IR Lines and IZX Services. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/72E400 14]<br />
| NO<br />
| style="background: #72E400"|'''Nanpuku Otsumi Line'''<br />
| 2004<br />
| 22.57 km<br />
| 20<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/124066185 Migawarae]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370166 Tanjānli] <br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* One of the most heavily used lines of the system, the line connects the busy central hubs of Masuda Agarai, Jufurai, the island of Intsushitsa with the north-eastern districts.<br />
* From the current terminus of Migawarae, an extension to Dankau is in the process of being built.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242580 15]<br />
| UN<br />
| style="background: #db287a"|'''Urenosomi Line'''<br />
| 2010<br />
| 34.31 km<br />
| 24<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/229660683 SAIA Cargo Center]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/176874425 Sakamuso] <br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* Between SAIA Cargo Center and Bibaisone tracks are shared with Line 13 (Tsuruna Line)<br />
* The line draws a semicircle on the western and southern extremities of West Sainðaul.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242570 16]<br />
| KW<br />
| style="background: #816cb1"|'''Kyokwan Line'''<br />
| 2013<br />
| 71.50 km<br />
| 52<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/188445611 Tsukitonai]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/126493368 Kamaishi Kaiyan Kōwen] <br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* The line forms an almost complete mega-loop around the two city centers, connecting prime business areas such as Koneei in Bajikoe with the outer suburbs on the eastern side.<br />
* The tracks are shared with Line 18 between Chikayuda and Kingaus Sangu.<br />
* The original project called for a mega-loop to be completed on the southern part, passing through Kashimochi and Utsullani Islands, but lack of funding so far blocked the project. The estimated cost of completing the line, according to 2020 calculations, is 11.2 billion Etsi. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242573 17]<br />
| ZK<br />
| style="background: #f985bb"|'''Zakumi Line'''<br />
| 2013<br />
| 51.83 km<br />
| 38<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/251115566 Tswankanami Airport] <br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370188 Mewakate Kippai] / [http://opengeofiction.net/node/193581001 Kungaus Sangu Shikumun] <br />
| <br />
* To Kirijima via the IR Gashi Line<br />
|<br />
* The line runs west-east in the northern part of West Sainðaul, and North-South in the Eastern side.<br />
* The pattern is mostly divided into two sections: Kungaus Sangu Shikimun to Tswankanami Airport (or Bibantōri and onwards on the Gashi Line), and Kungaus Sangu to Mewakate Kippai. Some rapid trains however run the whole line in about 55 minutes. <br />
* The tracks are shared with Line 17 between Chikayuda and Kingaus Sangu, and with Line 18 between IDK Arena Station and the Mewakate Kippai terminus.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/292343 18]<br />
| JF<br />
| style="background: #999999"|'''Jufurai Line'''<br />
| 1998<br />
| 27.51 km<br />
| 20<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/229672837 Nari-Gotsurindai]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370188 Mewakate Kippai]<br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* The line runs north-south in the Eastern part of Sainðaul, mainly passing through Jufurai, hence the name<br />
* The subway partially uses tracks of the former IR Dunkōn Line.<br />
* The tracks are shared with Line 17 between IDK Arena Station and the Mewakate Kippai terminus.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/292343 -]<br />
| HO<br />
| style="background: #CD5C5C"|'''Hoze-Oyehatton Line'''<br />
| 2019<br />
| 13.64 km<br />
| 13<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/136187245 Takatsura]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/196658319 Kadokamahiwa]<br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* Fully automated 4 cars light subway line serving the western business district.<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
;Other private metro-like systems<br />
{| class="wikitable" <br />
|-<br />
! Rel<br />
! Code<br />
! Line name<br />
! Opening year<br />
! Extension<br />
! Stations<br />
! Terminus A<br />
! Terminus B<br />
! Thru Service<br />
! Main facts<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/411419 -]<br />
| SX<br />
| style="background: #B22222;"|'''Shubaru Express'''<br />
| 2016<br />
| 53,89 km<br />
| 19<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/124066084 Herubori]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/345089878 Torino Jutakutsi]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* A new privately owned express rail system, it connects Shiratsuki City, east of the metropolitan area, to Herubori over a length of more than 50 km. <br />
* The maximum speed of the trains is 160 km/h (express trains), allowing a travel time of 35 minutes between the two termini (with stops only at Torino Jutakutsi - Shin-Shiratsuki - Jukkapunka - Taimasaki - Kawaei Stadium - Hayatogaru - Agarai-Tomasue - Eiganji - Herubori).<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{{#multimaps: <br />
| service = OGF<br />
| center = 36.0118, 128.8961<br />
| width = 100%<br />
| height = 1000px<br />
| zoom = 12<br />
| maxzoom = 19<br />
| layers = +Standard,+TopoMap<br />
| overlays = +Metro,+Other systems,+Thru services<br />
| overlaydef = {<br />
"Metro": {"function": "publicTransport", "param": [242567, 242593, 242571, 242579, 242569, 242548, 242546, 242576, 242578, 242577, 242547, 242566, 242565, 242549, 242343, 242573, 242570, 242580, 292343]},<br />
"Other systems": {"function": "publicTransport", "param": [303201, 242613, 283141, 283140, 242568, 242572]},<br />
"Thru services": {"function": "publicTransport", "param": [272674, 303222, 303223, 303227, 303270]}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
====High Speed Railway====<br />
The high speed trains run on a mostly dedicated alignment. The most busy link is the '''Kubori Main High Speed Line''' (久保李本高鐵線, ''Kubori Hon-kōchessen''), also called '''Keishin IZX Line''' (京深IZX線, ''Keishin Iziikksu sen'') linking Sainðaul Station with Warohan, the second city in size of Izaland. Within the Capital Special Administration District the trains originating Sainðaul call at [[Kasakuri Station|Kasakuri]], the main station for the High Speed trains in Bajikoe, to head then to [[Sainðaul Asunahama International Airport]], having a dedicated High Speed Railway station underneath. <br />
<br />
Other lines stretching from Sainðaul to the continental area are the '''West Sea High Speed Line''' (西海高鐵線, ''Seikai kōchessen'') joining with Shirukami, and the '''Ryānkai IZX Line''' (両海高鐵線, ''Ryānkai kōchessen''), reaching [[Gaintei]] the access city to the highest peaks of Izaland, in the North-West of the country. <br />
<br />
====Projects====<br />
To decongest the millennium tunnel, a new project to build an alternative rail link between Sainðaul and Showanul is in progress, but due to the highly demanding technical challenges and the consequent costs, the building of this infrastructure is not going to happen anytime soon. This project is tentatively called '''Third East-West Rail Link vision''' (第三東西連絡鉄道線構想, ''Deisan dōnðai lyenlakusen kusān'').<br />
<br />
===Aviation===<br />
Sainðaul counts on three main airports: <br />
* '''Asunahama International Airport''', the main intercontinental gate of the city and Izaland, situated off-shore on an artificial island <br />
* '''Kanui Airport''', located close to the old center, active as a city airport and handling most of the domestic traffic<br />
* '''Tswankanami International Airport''', the former intercontinental airport of Izaland, now is mainly a hub for low cost carrier; located on the west side of the city, in Komokata Prefecture.<br />
<br />
====Asunahama International Airport====<br />
'''Sainðaul Asunahama International Airport''' (安作崎空島國際空港 - ''Saindzaul Asunahama Kukujai Kūnkō'') ([[WAAT]]: '''SUL''', [[ANACA]]: '''DZSL''') is the main international hub of [[Izaland]], main hub for [[Izaland Airlines]] and [[Uletha Eastern Airways]], serving all major international destinations worldwide.<br />
<br />
=====History=====<br />
[[File:Rinkuu.JPG|thumb|289px|The "Asunatotsu" bridge connecting the airport island with the mainland]]<br />
The airport opened in 2014 on a 9 sq km artificial island offshore Kubori island to relieve the congestion of the former '''Sainðaul Tswankanami Airport''', now reduced in size and used as a military base, and the '''Sainðaul Kanui Airport''', located in the continental area of the city, now serving mainly domestic and short haul destinations.<br />
<br />
=====Construction works=====<br />
The genesis of this airport backs to year 1998, when the former international airport of Izaland, '''Sainðaul Tswankanami Airport''' started to show signs of saturation. <br />
Different projects were made about the location for a new international airport, including the expansion of the main domestic terminal of Kanui Airport. However, the promising growth of international flights pushed for a wider projects, so the idea of creating a wide airport on an international island took over.<br />
<br />
At first, there were different ideas for the location of the new airport, including near Kawayatsu or Sabullan. However, the Ministry of Infrastructure, asked, in 2001, to locate the new airport possibly along the route of the newly to be built high speed railway (the [[Sainðaul - Warohan Saikai Line]]), so an area in Komokata Prefecture, about 2,4 km offshore between Riimibaiken and Chikawari was chosen, due to the low depth of the sea (not more than 35 m in the deepest area). Particular attention was made to avoid endangering the reef located in the area. <br />
<br />
The preliminary project was ready by september 2005, and the complete financing of the airport, including the undersea high speed railway, was done by spring 2007. <br />
Building works started finally in 2008, first by landfilling the area to create the island. At the same time, tunnel boring machines started digging the two single tracked 18,7 km tunnels from Komokata to Chikawari area, and the HSR station was nearly completed by 2012. The last two years were taken to complete the construction of the airport terminal itself. <br />
<br />
In 2017, due to the increasing low cost flights, especially by the growing IzaFly low cost carrier, a new terminal was built on the southern area of Asunahama island. <br />
The terminal behaves actually as a satellite building, as everyone needs to pass through the check in and immigrations of the main building. The transfer to the low cost terminal is guaranteed by a inter-terminal people mover.<br />
<br />
=====Naming=====<br />
Since the landfilling of the airport island has been one of the biggest project in Izaland, at an estimated cost of about 18 billion USD, a symbolic name was chosen fo the island, calling it '''Asunahama''' (空島, ''asunahama''), meaning "sky island". This name was also chosen to call the airport itself. <br />
<br />
=====Transportation=====<br />
[[File:Airport_Station_2018_08_part2.jpg|thumb|289px|Inside the airport transit station]]<br />
;Road access<br />
The airport island is connected to the mainland by a 2,1 km steel and concrete, the '''Asunatotsu''' bridge (meaning "Sky Bridge").<br />
The bridge is connected to the Keishin Expressway via the '''Asunatotsu IC'''. It is also possible to access to the airport island via a freeway.<br />
<br />
;Rail access<br />
The airport boasts a transit center offering interchange between 2 subway lines, 5 railway services (including the [[Airport Express (Sainðaul)|Airport Express]] and the high speed railway. The hub station of '''Sainðaul Asunahama International Airport''' is located underground, between the parking area and the airport main terminal itself. Access to the arrival lobby is guaranteed by a gentle slope with mobile walkways, while the access to the 4th floor departure lobby is helped by escalators and direct lifts. <br />
<br />
In 2018 opened a 35 minutes train service, the non-stop SATMEX ('''Sainðaul Airports Transit MegaExpress'''), allowing hassle-less transit between intercontinental and domestic flights at Kanui Airport (the train takes to Osenude station, from which mobile walkways lead to the terminal).<br />
<br />
=== Waterways ===<br />
Water transport has always played a primary role in the connections between the dozens of islands that make up the territory of the city. In particular, until the middle of the last century, when there were still no fixed connections between east and west, the Strait of Tandan, where Sainðaul stays, was an extremely busy strip of sea, where hundreds of ferries and vessels passed through every day.<br />
The approximately 25 km north-south extension of the Sainðaul port area has several ports and moorings. As for the eastern side, from north to south the main piers are:<br />
* Gotsurindai<br />
* Kishagoi<br />
* Fukori<br />
* Tsukasai<br />
* Tsutomaku <br />
* Nagaya<br />
<br />
The main ones located on the western shore are:<br />
* Samopuke<br />
* Kasakuri<br />
* Tsuragoi <br />
<br />
[[Category:Izaland]]</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=Help:New_user_patrol&diff=22874Help:New user patrol2024-03-09T01:28:32Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: /* Lists */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[File:Noun dizziness 2017370.svg|150px|thumb|right|Be friendly: OpenGeofiction can be confusing at first]]<br />
__NOTOC__''This is a page for experienced mappers to identify and contact new users editing in the wrong places. Instructions are as follows:''<br />
<br />
# '''Search:''' The new user list below is updated every 30 minutes, listing the newest user with map edits at the top. Click on a username (skipping any on the "Contacted users" list) and then click "Edits" to see where they're editing. Users with "B" next to their name have an active block, and "b" have been blocked in the past.<br />
# '''Confirm & List:''' If they seem lost, look at the [[OpenGeofiction:Territories|overview map]] to make sure they do not own the area, and check the "Contacted users" list below to confirm they haven't already been contacted. If they're not on the list, <span style="background:#FFFF00">''add them''</span> at the top. Use the format <code><nowiki>* {{OGF user|NEWUSERNAME}} ~~~~</nowiki></code><br />
# '''Contact:''' Send the user a friendly message (see [[#Suggested message|suggested message]]) via OGF inbox. If they are violating [[OpenGeofiction:Site policies|other rules]] (e.g. well-known place names, real companies/organizations, unrealistic content/scale, etc), you can mention those things as well.<br />
# '''Check back:''' If they don't reply to your message, look in on their mapping later. If they are still editing inappropriately, [https://opengeofiction.net/message/new/admin notify admin].<br />
# The ''recent edits'' list on the [[OpenGeofiction:Dashboard|Dashboard]] is also a useful resource, as is the daily [[OpenGeofiction:Activity|activity map]].<br />
<br />
==Lists==<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! Contacted users<br />
! New users<br />
|- style="vertical-align: top;"<br />
|''Please add to the top of this list, using the format:''<br />
::<code><nowiki>* {{OGF user|NEWUSERNAME}} ~~~~</nowiki></code><br />
<!-- ↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓ ADD NEW ENTRY IMMEDIATELY BELOW THIS LINE ↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓ --><br />
* {{OGF user|AllieLeaf}} / [[User:Izaland_Terramorphing_Committee|ITC]] ([[User talk:Izaland_Terramorphing_Committee|Izaland Terramorphing Committee]]) 01:28, 09 March 2024 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Asa%20Mika}} / [[User:Izaland_Terramorphing_Committee|ITC]] ([[User talk:Izaland_Terramorphing_Committee|Izaland Terramorphing Committee]]) 14:43, 29 February 2024 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Badaimerlol}} / [[User:Pawl|Pawl]] ([[User talk:Pawl|talk]]) 10:05, 25 February 2024 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|maddy-89}} /[[User:Geoc3ladus|Geoc3ladus]] ([[User talk:Geoc3ladus|talk]]) 15:33, 11 February 2024 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|DanielVS84}} /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 09:30, 24 January 2024 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|alomico}} /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 09:29, 24 January 2024 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Genghixiani_AARoads}} /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 17:18, 14 January 2024 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Toprak}} /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 17:11, 14 January 2024 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Tonny}} 3rd warning with 1m block --[[User:Aiki|Aiki]] ([[User talk:Aiki|talk]]) 00:41, 21 December 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|TrainAndBus13135}} /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 14:25, 14 December 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|martin}} --[[User:Pawl|Pawl]] ([[User talk:Pawl|talk]]) 11:06, 14 December 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|hurrland}} /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 09:42, 14 December 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Charmscobb}} --[[User:Aiki|Aiki]] ([[User talk:Aiki|talk]]) 16:55, 20 November 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|liam mosai}} 10y block --[[User:Aiki|Aiki]] ([[User talk:Aiki|talk]]) 16:55, 20 November 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Tonny}} second warning with 2d block --[[User:Aiki|Aiki]] ([[User talk:Aiki|talk]]) 16:55, 20 November 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|CatRBLX}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 20:36, 18 November 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|WhgfdjkgkgkgkhfgdjdksaghfkshfgjkshgkdghdTOM}} /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 16:15, 16 November 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Ksawerora}} /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 12:55, 14 November 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|leh-c}} /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 10:07, 7 November 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|addriansaw2}} /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 11:42, 17 October 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Engineer%20Tom}} [[User:Izaland%20Terramorphing%20Committee|Izaland]] ([[User talk:Izaland_Terramorphing_Committee|talk]]) 11:12, 23 September 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Mario Neta}} --[[User:Aiki|Aiki]] ([[User talk:Aiki|talk]]) 13:53, 24 September 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Manic}} [[User:Izaland%20Terramorphing%20Committee|Izaland]] ([[User talk:Izaland_Terramorphing_Committee|talk]]) 23:01, 22 September 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Ditalini}} - 1 day block --[[User:Aiki|Aiki]] ([[User talk:Aiki|talk]]) 14:32, 9 September 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|CactiStaccingCrane}} - 1 week block /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 09:31, 2 September 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Ksawery2137}} second warning with block -[[User:Aiki|Aiki]] ([[User talk:Aiki|talk]]) 09:59, 20 August 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|dose}} /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 12:40, 3 August 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|actualNSA}} [[User:Izaland%20Terramorphing%20Committee|Izaland]] ([[User talk:Izaland_Terramorphing_Committee|talk]]) 09:46, 2 August 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|hong}} [[User:Izaland%20Terramorphing%20Committee|Izaland]] ([[User talk:Izaland_Terramorphing_Committee|talk]]) 03:11, 2 August 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|JJat}} [[User:Izaland%20Terramorphing%20Committee|Izaland]] ([[User talk:Izaland_Terramorphing_Committee|talk]]) 13:32, 1 August 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|SAICO192}} --[[User:Aiki|Aiki]] ([[User talk:Aiki|talk]]) 20:27, 24 July 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Tonny}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 16:58, 24 July 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|leotherocketman}} [[User:Liadrien|Liadrien]] ([[User talk:Liadrien|talk]]) 14:33, 23 July 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Thomas}} [[User:Liadrien|Liadrien]] ([[User talk:Liadrien|talk]]) 14:24, 23 July 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|MrArsalan}} [[User:Izaland%20Terramorphing%20Committee|Izaland]] ([[User talk:Izaland_Terramorphing_Committee|talk]]) 04:50, 21 July 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|lewisdoc}} [[User:Lankusiek|Lankusiek]] ([[User talk:Lankusiek|talk]]) 14:14, 28 June 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|ScribeHunter}} /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 09:58, 27 June 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|bou}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 15:22, 26 June 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Alfredocomm}} /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 12:48, 26 June 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Nocom889}} --[[User:Aiki|Aiki]] ([[User talk:Aiki|talk]]) 18:35, 21 June 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|jhody}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 19:52, 11 June 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Eduart}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 19:52, 11 June 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Dudetri}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 22:03, 6 June 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|allenpatrick}} --[[User:Aiki|Aiki]] ([[User talk:Aiki|talk]]) 18:51, 1 June 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Juan&don}} /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 08:45, 31 May 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|otter2714}} /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 12:45, 28 May 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|natpeter816}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 20:41, 24 May 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|SammyStar}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 20:41, 24 May 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Vine117}} /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 13:38, 21 May 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|IgorR31}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 14:10, 19 May 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|jjmakesmaps}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 15:00, 17 May 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Pierater}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 01:59, 3 May 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|alessio2243}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 01:59, 3 May 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Falleret}} --[[User:Aiki|Aiki]] ([[User talk:Aiki|talk]]) 13:01, 28 April 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Savoj}} --[[User:Aiki|Aiki]] ([[User talk:Aiki|talk]]) 13:12, 23 April 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Pentagone}} [[User:Glauber|Glauber]] ([[User talk:Glauber|talk]]) 16:13, 20 April 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Yván}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 20:33, 2 April 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Yousernaim}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 01:51, 24 March 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|ClarkStuff}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 01:19, 23 March 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Mon}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 14:42, 8 March 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|leo武}} /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 12:10, 6 March 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Mchcm}} /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 09:07, 6 March 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Jwillkur}} /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 08:59, 6 March 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Friedrich does things}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 04:16, 4 March 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Bddfan}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 04:16, 4 March 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|ixocrito}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 17:51, 2 March 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Mapputaniumist}} /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 13:37, 2 March 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Grif1n30}} /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 13:29, 22 February 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|james smith the great}} --[[User:Drogda|Drogda]] ([[User talk:Drogda|talk]]) 03:37, 20 February 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Delta13}} --[[User:Drogda|Drogda]] ([[User talk:Drogda|talk]]) 03:30, 20 February 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Souzzzzie}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 19:46, 15 February 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|marsomyx880}} [[User:快乐的老鼠宝宝|快乐的老鼠宝宝]] ([[User talk:快乐的老鼠宝宝|talk]]) 12:02, 4 February 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|cya}} [[User:快乐的老鼠宝宝|快乐的老鼠宝宝]] ([[User talk:快乐的老鼠宝宝|talk]]) 12:02, 4 February 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|cloud_francis}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 16:44, 3 February 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|japyeong131}} /[[User:Drogda|Drogda]] ([[User talk:Drogda|talk]]) 02:57, 30 January 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|MxCo}} /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 10:43, 29 January 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|America}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 03:26, 26 January 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|nsenx}} --[[User:Fluffr Nuttr|Fluffr Nuttr]] ([[User talk:Fluffr Nuttr|talk]]) 02:02, 20 January 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|AndrewNuzha}} --[[User:Aiki|Aiki]] ([[User talk:Aiki|talk]]) 20:02, 19 January 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Mawoka}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 20:35, 12 January 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Gustavo Rocha}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 04:07, 6 January 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Scotty129}} /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 12:02, 3 January 2023 (UTC)<br />
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----<br />
* ''Please add to the top of this list, not the bottom.''<br />
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== See also ==<br />
* [[Admin:Recent changeset comments]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Site maintenance]]</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=Sain%C3%B0aul&diff=22835Sainðaul2024-03-07T10:58:37Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: /* Izarail Network */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{ Infobox settlement<br />
|coords_zoom = <br />
|coords_y = <br />
|coords_x = <br />
|layer = <br />
|name = Sainðaul<br />
|native_name = <span style="font-size:120%; line-height: 1.31em;">安作崎・首都特別自治区</span><br/> [[File:Saindzaul_in_kasechi.png|70px]]<br />
|settlement_type = [[Capital Special Administration District]]<br />
|image_flag = Sainzaul flag.png<br />
|flag_caption = Flag of Sainðaul<br />
|image_coat = <br />
|coat_caption = <br />
|loc_type1 = Country<br />
|loc_name1 = [[Izaland]]<br />
|loc_type2 = <br />
|loc_name2 = <br />
| image_custom = <br />
| alt_custom = <br />
| custom_caption = <br />
|image_map = Saindzaul_montage.jpg<br />
|alt_map = <br />
|map_caption = '''From top, left to right''': Tsumiji Station area, Shiitehongi Sumatai Shrine, the dense skyscraper cluster of Eigandan-Senpyan, the Presidential Palace in Kokendake, a view of Kanbata Business Center, the pedestrian street of Tofyushanku Lan, a skater jumping in front of the city skyline, Saint Jeronym Cathedral, night view of Jaihonmu Lan<br />
|ethnic_groups =<br />
|ethnic_groups_year =<br />
|nationalities = Izaki<br />
|demonym = Saindzaulian <br />
|leader_title1 = City Governor<br />
|leader_name1 = Jumyo Attenki<br/>(寿苗掬石)<br />
|leader_title2 = Vice Governor<br />
|leader_name2 = Nahami Tossari<br />
|area_type1 = Total<br />
|area_size1_km2 = 591,12<br />
|area_type2 = <br />
|area_size2_km2 =<br />
|elevation_m = 0 - 567 <br />
|elevation_ft =<br />
|population_estimate = 14,829,146<br />
|population_estimate_year = 2021<br />
|population_census = <br />
|population_census_year = <br />
|population_density_km2 = <br />
|population_density_sq_mi = <br />
|postal_code = 100-0001 - 100-0599<br />
|telephone_code = 02<br />
|metro = tbd<br />
|tram = <br />
|website = toshi.saindzaul.gov.iz<br />
|}}<br />
<br />
'''Sainðaul''' (𖬖ᣟᛁᐡ𖬪𖬰ᣟ𐐢ᘁ, 安作崎・首都特別自治区 ''Sainðaul shuto tukubyes jitsiku''; traditional name in Ingerish '''Sinezawool''', Gaerman '''Zeinzwaül''', IPA reading: /'sainʣa‿ul/) is the largest city and the national capital of [[Izaland]], located one third from north of the country across the Tandan Strait. Sainðaul is one of the most crucial international hubs for economym, culture, finance, production and tourism with nearly 15 millions inhabitants in the metropolitan city (the National Capital District, which corresponds to the city area plus some suburbs), increasing to 22,6 millions including the [[Greater Sainðaul Metropolitan Area]].<br />
<br />
== Etymology - 地名由来==<br />
The name Sainðaul has uncertain origins, and the first records showing something similar to the current name date back to 1243, as in the '''Kojunjasshishū''' (古旬雑詩集) poem the name "Saen Tsoi Ōl" is mentioned. The [[hanji]] currently used for the city name, 安作崎, literally mean "peace - making - promontory", and were first introduced in the Agahaki Reforms of 1659, probably to represent the sound rather for the real meaning.<br />
<br />
== Geography - 地質==<br />
Sainðaul is located accross the two shores of the Tandan Strait, occupying either the continental part of Izaland, either part of Kubori island. <br />
<br />
The original, oldest and historical core of the city is located on [[mount Kokendake]], a less than 200 m hill located 6 km from the central station, that represents the new center of the city. As the settlements expanded towards the sea, along the [[Ariston river]] delta and the nearby islands, since the beginning of the 20th century a wider expansion on the [[Kubori island]] side has seen a major development. Until 1946, the urbanization on Kubori island was actually a different entity, as it was made up of many villages and towns, being '''Bajikoe''' (桐塚, ''Bajikoe'') the main center, with a population of less than 800,000 people in 1945. Even today, going to the western side of the city is referred as "traveling to Bajikoe", although being the western part larger than the original center, the definition is quite wide, so usually one specifies in which area is heading to. [[Bajikoe river|Bajikoe]] is also the name of one of the three rivers crossing the city and eventually reaching the [[Sound of Pa]] in the western area, the other two being [[Jaiken river]] and [[Kunkobe river]].<br />
<br />
The city is almost located on a flat location, however many of the islands in the bay are mountainous, such as Mount Romokagego (567) and Mount Kingaus (456 m), creating a beautiful views when crossing the strait. In the districts of Takarimoto and Tomanae, south west, there are also low mountains and hilly areas, while Garotsu ward also has a vast wetland area, and many little lakes.<br />
<br />
On the eastern part of the National Capital Special District, there are a bunch of towns under the special administration of the capital: Shakihori, Shimoroboe, Dankau, Kaimura and Yōneo. <br />
<br />
=== Climate ===<br />
<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<br />
The first settlements in the current area of Sainðaul date back to 7500 BC, as the necropolis of Chikurai and Oebatsun suggest. <br />
At that time the Ariston river delta was more inland than it is nowadays, and the civilization dwelling in this area was probably devoted to fishing.<br />
<br />
Talking about the first record of a community in the area, the most ancient settlement was probably the nowadays Pakkishoi, then called Arawis.<br />
<br />
==Neighborhoods and cityscape==<br />
[[File:Plaza Carso - CDMX - 2013 - 2.jpg|thumb|right|300px|External view of the DANKORE Museum of Art]]<br />
As already stated, Sainðaul is deeply divided geographically into the eastern, traditional area, and the western relatively recently developed portion, and this division is actually easy to feel while traveling within the city. <br />
<br />
The people living in the eastern part, still considered the city center, as it keeps the old town in Kokendake, the central station, most of the government buildings and some of the most ancient universities, watch from a position of superiority the newer western side (Bajikoe), located on Kubori island.<br />
Although nowadays the income and wealth differences between the two parts are nearly not visible, almost until half of the previous century Bajikoe area was widespreadly known to be relatively poor and undeveloped comparing to the affluent old city. <br />
<br />
Since the early 1990s, the west side has been the focus of a large number of public and private investments, with the construction of railways, subways and large real estate projects, particularly following the opening of the new Asunahama International Airport in 2014. This has attracted a large number of foreign companies, which have located their representative offices near the Eisen area (Eigandan-Senpyan), which is now a pole of competition with the traditional business district of Herubori, to the east.<br />
<br />
=== East side (東部) ===<br />
<div style="float: right; padding: 2px"><br />
{{#multimaps:<br />
| zoom = 12<br />
| height = 500px<br />
| width = 500px<br />
| center = 36.0216, 128.9876<br />
| Marker = 36.0164, 129.0320 ~ Kokendake ~ 古剣舘 <br />
| Marker = 36.02371, 129.04748 ~ Eikuku-ji Temple ~ 永國寺 ~ <br />
| Marker = 36.02644, 129.02727 ~ St. Anthony Cathedral ~ 聖𖬮ᐢ𖬁ᐤ𖭑ᛁᒢ大聖堂<br />
| Marker = 36.0289, 128.9975 ~ Kushidaru Amiya Station ~ <br />
| Marker = 36.0108, 128.9881 ~ Herubori Station ~ 杏登駅<br />
| Marker = 36.0204, 128.9663 ~ Sainðaul Central ~ 安作崎𖬖ɭᐢ𖬁𐐢𖬬ᐡ<br />
| Marker = 36.0374, 128.9754 ~ Ekinðuka / Rosemane ~ <br />
| Marker = 36.0567, 129.0087 ~ Jufurai ~ 朱布來 ~ <br />
}}<br />
</div><br />
The official name of the east side, in Izaki, is '''Dōnbu'' (東部), and this area indicates all the extension of Sainðaul on the Ulethian (continental) side. <br />
The core of the city is located on the delta of the Shirusano River, and on 27 islands located in front of it. Originally the Shirusano River flowed into the Tandan Strait with three branches, but some modifications made during the 19th century have diverted the course of the river and dried up some of the lateral branches, modifying the structure of the delta.<br />
<br />
The most notable areas of the east side are:<br />
<br />
*'''Kokendake''', placed on the central-eastern area of the city, is the original core, with the historical center located on Mount Kokendake, registered as a [[Ulethan Heritage Site]]. This old town like area, places at a height of 100 to 150 m on the sea level, overlooks the rest of the newest urban development, and is often considered as the "Terrace of Sainðaul". On the back of Kokendake there are two wide Buddhist temple areas, also part of the historical and cultural heritage, while the front area downhill hosts the huge '''Kokendake Palace''' esplanade and the park itself, extending more than 1,3 square kilometers.<br />
<br />
* North-east of the Kokendake hill we find the '''Eikuku-ji temple''', founded in 1467, and its surrounding, one of the oldest areas of the historic center.<br />
<br />
* Near '''Kushidaru-Amiya station''' the most upscale and elegant area of Sainðaul takes place, with boutiques, refined restaurants and well established hotels in traditional historical buildings. The style of the buildings in this area, mostly built between the 18th and 19th centuries, are influenced by the cultural and architectural styles of the nations of the western Axian peninsula, with some Victorian, Neoclassical and Neo-Gothic buildings. During this age, many architects from Kojo and Saikyel built several noteworthy buildings, including the National Opera, St. Anthony's Cathedral, and the Parliament building, designed by ....<br />
<br />
*'''Herubori''' is a major business area, where most of the company headquarters are located, spreading as well towards '''Aketsue''' station, where media companies and design studios are concentrated. in the west area of Aketsue we also find '''Tomobeye Lan''', one of the hearts of the famosu Izaki teen culture, where apparel shops, cafes, restaurants and game centers are especially spread.<br />
<br />
* The '''Sainðaul Central Station''' east area, the result of an urban refurbishment project carried on during the 80s, with the 750 m long Noujinkade Boulevard, notable buildings such as the '''Sainðaul City Hall''', designed by the famous Izaki architect Pakali Yassukōri or the central library (architect: Kinshōn Erauki). Other points of interest include the Botanic Gardens, the '''Higoi Tamutta Museum of Art''', visited every year by 20 millions of visitors, especially for objects like "the shadow" or "suspended", the Kaipō-ji Temple and Saint Luke cathedral. The west square of the station covers the [[IZX]] high speed trains and the Airport Express platform, and continues with the Oboehari Business Park.<br />
<br />
* The area between '''Ekinðuka''' and '''Rosemane''' is the main museum area of the city, where there is also an open air fossil park with some dinosaurs and other prehistorical animal rests exhibited open air. Also, in this area there are most of the embassies. <br />
<br />
* '''Shakihori''', with a population of over half a million, is an important satellite city, located north of the capital. Initially developed as bed-town, in recent years it has seen a very high growth in population, thanks to lower costs and the presence of some new university campuses that have attracted students from all countries. Here there are also Mount Katanase and Mount Yunchukahe, favorite destinations for the inhabitants of Sainðaul to be able to spend a day in nature just a few minutes from the center.<br />
<br />
* '''Jufurai''' is located north of the central area of the city, and is one of the most affluent residential areas. Here is the park of the same name, the largest in Sainðaul, and some of the most expensive homes, including villas with swimming pools and luxury residential towers.<br />
<br />
<gallery caption="Views of the East side" widths="220px" heights="150px" ><br />
Guangzhou_Opera_House.png|Herubori business district seen from the Eigan-ji Temple<br />
Changdeokgung Palace Oct 2014 006.JPG|The entrance to the Yotaidyen Royal Palace<br />
Ministry_of_Justice_Japan03s3200.jpg|The Parliament House building<br />
Hannoveraner_Opernhaus.jpg|The Opera House<br />
Mongchonhaeja_1.jpg|The Ekinðuka Park<br />
Matsugamine_Catholic_Church_(front)_2013-01-30.JPG|The Cathedral of Saint Anthony<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
===West side (西部)===<br />
Although most of the people say "Bajikoe Area" to indicate the west side, on Kubori island, of Sainðaul, the official calling is '''Saibu'' (西部), literally meaning "west area". <br />
<br />
Coming from the east side, the first approach is probably going to be '''Kasakuri Station''', also a stop for the IZX services, and most of the [[Izarail]] cross-city network.<br />
Kasakuri Station is mainly a junction point, although some corporation headquarters, high rise residential towers and some shopping malls are also located. North of Kasakuri, the main logistics and goods shipping port area extends, with some cultural venues such as the '''DANKORE Museum of Art'''. <br />
<br />
Most of Hokusei ward is residential in its western side, and occupied by port facilities, warehouses and distribution centers on the eastern side.<br />
<br />
;Eigandan-Senpyan (永玵段船駢 / 𖬮ɭᛁ𖬖ɭᐢ)<br />
[[File:Eisen night view(ai-gen).jpg|400px|thumb|right|View of the business district of Eigandan-Senpyan by night]]<br />
Eigandan-Senpyan, commonly known as Eisen by the locals, is the bustling business core of western Sainðaul. Renowned for its vibrant commercial atmosphere, it serves as a hub for numerous international companies and multinationals, which have established their local branch offices here. One of the key factors contributing to its popularity is its direct and convenient link with the '''Asunahama International Airport''', just a short 15-minute ride away on the Airport Express.<br />
<br />
The area underwent a significant transformation with the 1996 redevelopment masterplan, resulting in a modern and dynamic cityscape, and it is home to some of the tallest buildings in Izaland, including "The Zenith." This iconic skyscraper stands tall with an impressive 94 floors and reaches a towering height of 423 meters. The presence of such architectural marvels adds to the skyline and symbolizes the district's economic prowess and cosmopolitan appeal.<br />
<br />
Despite the urbanity and towering structures, Eigandan-Senpyan seamlessly incorporates elements of natural beauty and tranquility into its modernity. The '''Ikasurun Park''', located in Pikamatsu, offers a serene oasis amidst the bustling city. Here, visitors can enjoy lush greenery, open spaces, and various recreational amenities, providing a perfect escape from the hectic urban lifestyle. Furthermore, the district is adorned with a picturesque green area that runs along the Baijikoe canal network. This carefully designed landscape harmoniously blends with the modern infrastructure, creating a refreshing environment for residents and visitors alike. The canal network not only enhances the aesthetic appeal of Eigandan-Senpyan but also contributes to the overall sustainability and ecological balance of the district.<br />
<br />
Eigandan-Senpyan stands as a testament to the city's commitment to progress, innovation, and the seamless integration of nature and urban development. It represents a vibrant and thriving business center, attracting international enterprises, while simultaneously offering a balance of modern amenities, green spaces, and recreational opportunities to ensure a high quality of life for its (rich) inhabitants.<br />
<br />
;[https://opengeofiction.net/#map=16/35.9798/128.7509&layers=B Riihisano]<br />
Riihisano, a vibrant district in south-western Sainðaul, is known for its unique blend of pop subculture, eccentric fashion, and youthful energy. It has captured the hearts of teenagers and university students, making it a popular destination for those seeking a trendy atmosphere. Riihisano's transportation is highly convenient, with excellent access provided by railways, subways, and trams. The picturesque Bajikoe canal is a major attraction, attracting people of all ages for leisure activities such as strolling, cycling, and picnicking. The canal is particularly enchanting during springtime when the district becomes famous for its breathtaking cherry blossoms.<br />
<br />
Riihisano's distinctive appeal lies in its thriving pop subculture, which is a hub of creativity and artistic expression. The streets are adorned with vibrant graffiti, and its shops and boutiques offer unique fashion items reflecting the district's eclectic and avant-garde style. The district also boasts a bustling nightlife, with numerous clubs, bars, and live music venues catering to the energetic and diverse tastes of its residents and visitors. From underground music scenes to mainstream pop performances, Riihisano's entertainment venues ensure there is never a dull moment in the district.<br />
<br />
=== Notable landmarks ===<br />
<br />
;List of the tallest structures<br />
{|class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"<br />
|-<br />
!scope="col"| Name<br />
!scope="col"| Image<br />
!scope="col"| Height<br /><small>[[Metre|m]] ([[Foot (length)|ft]])</small><br />
!scope="col"| Floors<br />
!scope="col"| Year<br />
!scope="col"| Ward<br />
!scope="col" class="unsortable"| Notes<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|20625217|Twaisahanga Tower 156}}<br />
|<br />
[[File:Tswaisahanga tower.png|150px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|782 (2566)<br />
| align="center"|156<br />
| align="center"|2017<br />
| <br />
| One of the tallest buildings in the world<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|25845866|Koneei BOX}}<br />
|[[File:Koneei BOX.png|40px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|485 (1591)<br />
| align="center"|86<br />
| align="center"|2016<br />
|<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|21622256|Eigandan Senpyan The Zenith}}<br />
|<br />
[[File:Eigandan Senpyan The Zenith.png|60px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|423 (1388)<br />
| align="center"|94<br />
| align="center"|2016<br />
|<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|22403749|Rosemane Gate Tower 105}}<br />
|<br />
[[File:Rosemane Gate Tower 105.png|40px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|416 (1364)<br />
| align="center"|105<br />
| align="center"|2008<br />
|<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{relation|242654|Vertigo Tower}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|401 (1315)<br />
| align="center"|76<br />
| align="center"|1998<br />
|<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|22673110|Firanda Tower}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|397 (1302)<br />
| align="center"|86<br />
| align="center"|2008<br />
| <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{relation|261284|Kashimas Tower NE}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|367 (1204)<br />
| align="center"|78<br />
| align="center"|2010<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{node|279009891|iLand Tower A}}<br />
|[[File:ILand Tower AD.png|40px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|342 (1122)<br />
| align="center"|85<br />
| align="center"|2016<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{node|279009888|iLand Tower D}}<br />
|[[File:ILand Tower AD.png|40px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|342 (1122)<br />
| align="center"|85<br />
| align="center"|2016<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|18555683|IDK Building}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|351 (1151)<br />
| align="center"|82<br />
| align="center"|2008<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|26332610|Ippenjaki Kajaringa Jutaku}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|331 (1085)<br />
| align="center"|68<br />
| align="center"|2019<br />
| <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|23840468|Ippenjaki Kajaringa Jutaku}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|323 (1063)<br />
| align="center"|67<br />
| align="center"|2008<br />
| <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|22673113|Eisen Station Tower}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|296 (971)<br />
| align="center"|69<br />
| align="center"|2010<br />
| <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
''To be continued''<br />
<br />
==Administrative divisions==<br />
Sainðaul does not exist as a '''city''' (市, ''shi'') per se, like the other cities of Izaland. Instead, its top level administrative definition is the '''Capital Special Administration District'''. The subdivisions of Sainðaul are 20 '''wards''' (區, ''ku''), four cities (市, ''shi'') and two towns (町, 'nata'):<br />
<br />
===Special Wards (特別区) ===<br />
{| class="wikitable" width = 650px style="font-size:90%;" align=center<br />
! Name<br />
! Askaozhi<br />
! Byakuzhi<br />
! Location<br />
! Population<br> (2021)<br />
|----------bgcolor=lightblue<br />
|Colspan=5 align=center|'''— Wards —'''<br />
|----------<br />
| Asaji-ku || 𖬮𖬖𖬐𖬰ᛁ𖬭𐐢|| 安佐寺區|| East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Bajikoe-ku || 𖬇𖬰𖬐𖬰ᛁ𖬭ᐤɭ𖬭𐐢|| 桐塚區|| West || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Garotsu-ku || 𖬭𖬰𖬬ᐤ𖬑𐐢𖬭𐐢|| 賀呂都區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Hayatogaru-ku || 𖬨𐭘𖬮𖬁ᐤ𖬭𖬰𖬬𐐢𖬭𐐢|| 久松區|| East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Intsushitsa-ku || 𖬮ᛁᐢ𖬑𐐢𖬔ᛁ𖬑𖬭𐐢 || 鰤基區|| East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Jufurai-ku ||𖬐𖬰𐐢𖬌𐐢𖬬꜉𖬭𐐢|| 朱布来區|| East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Juwon-ku || 𖬐𖬰𐐢𐩪𖬮ᐢ𖬭𐐢|| 中央區|| East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Keiyān-ku || 𖬭ᥫ𐭘𖬮⸠ᐢ𖬭𐐢|| 桂陽區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Kokendake-ku || 𖬭ᐤ𖬭ɭᐢ𖬒𖬰𖬭ɭ𖬭𐐢|| 古剣館區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Kyōði-ku || ꓩ𖬭⸠𖬑𖬰ᛁ𖬭𐐢|| 峡上區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Kyōyos-ku || ꓩ𖬭⸠ꓩ𖬮ᒢ𖬭𐐢|| 峡越區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Riihisano-ku || 𖬬ᛁ⸠𖬨ᛁ𖬖𖭑ᐤ𖬭𐐢|| 尾本區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Saikō-ku || 𖬖꜉𖬭ᐤ⸠𖬭𐐢|| 西港區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Shiki-ku || 𖬔ᛁ𖬭ᛁ𖬭𐐢|| 北區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Shutazai-ku || 𖬔𐐢𖬁𖬖𖬰꜉𖬭𐐢|| 守多彩區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Takarimoto-ku || 𖬁𖬭𖬬ᛁ𖬊ᐤ𖬁ᐤ𖬭𐐢|| 浚里鏡區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Tanahama-ku || 𖬁𖭑𖬨𖬊𖬭𐐢|| 多那島區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Tobeskauri-ku || 𖬁ᐤ𖬇𖬰ɭᒢ𖬭'𐐢𖬬ᛁ𖬭𐐢|| 鴨沼區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Tomanae-ku || 𖬁ᐤ𖬊𖭑'ɭ𖬭𐐢|| 庥内區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Wikkaman-ku || 𐐊𖬮𖬘𖬳𖬊ᐢ𖬭𐐢|| 昱賀満區|| West|| tbd<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Special cities===<br />
* '''Shakihori-shi''' (石登市)<br />
* '''Shimoroboe-shi''' (亀岡市)<br />
* '''Dankau-shi''' (檀洪市)<br />
* '''Ibaruno-shi''' (齒琉能市)<br />
<br />
===Special towns===<br />
* '''Kaimura-nata'''<br />
* '''Yōneo-nata'''<br />
<br />
==Transportation==<br />
Sainðaul is the main hub of the whole country transportation, and all the north-south transit passes through the city. For this reason Sainðaul boasts a very specialized network of road and rail corridors, beside being the main aviation terminal of the country.<br />
<br />
===Railways===<br />
The railway network expands north and south-west from the station of [[Sainðaul Central Station|Sainðaul Central]], one of the busiest stations in the world, with about 3 million users daily. From here conventional and high speed railway ([[IZX]]) cross the Tandan Strait linking the city center with Bajikoe (West) area and other destinations on Kubori Island. At the same way, from the central station other lines diramate to connect with the capital the other main cities of the Ulethian side of Izaland. <br />
<br />
[[File:Kanmon-tunnel railway.jpg|thumb|300px|View of the eastern entrance to the Millennium Tunnel]]<br />
In particular, the main rail link between the two sides of the capital runs in a 3 km 6 tracks undersea tunnel, called [[Millennium tunnel]] connecting the stations of Shin-Ikashuni and Kasakuri.<br />
Another railway link is the Line X of the subway, providing a direct connection for the northern suburbs of Sainðaul to the center of Bajikoe. Lastly, another undersea link is the Kawashaku Line, linking Bajikoe with [[Kawayatsu]], a city north from Sainðaul on the Ulethain side. <br />
<br />
The suburban railway system of Sainðaul is called [[Capital Suburban Network (Sainðaul)|Capital Suburban Network]], and is composed by 16 lines operated by Izarail, including the [[Loop Line (Sainðaul)|Loop Line]], (see below) a circular line running in the original center. On the western side of the city, the railway infrastructure runs on a north-south double corridor. <br />
<br />
====Izarail Network====<br />
Izarail's Capital Wider Suburban Mass Transit (首都圏廣域捷運, "shutokwen-kwannwiki-shōun") is the network of local and regional public transport that moves millions of people in and out of Sainðaul every day, connecting all the main towns and settlements whose inhabitants flock to the capital. As of 2024 it is made up of xxx lines, covering a total extension of xx km.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"<br />
|-<br />
!Code <br />
!Line name<br />
!width=15%|Route<br />
!width=8%|Opened<br />
!width=15%|Extension (km)<br />
!width=15%|Stations<br />
!width=15%|Typical frequency<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#34589F; color:white;" |'''LO'''||Loop Line (環状線)||Sainðaul Central ↔ Hayatogaru|| 1937|| 24,5 || 19 || 5 min<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#8dc159; color:white;" |'''KD'''||[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/272493 Kidai Line] (磯大線)||Kirijima ↔ Daihanji|| 1990|| 156,87|| 47 || 10-15 min<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#B8B895; color:white;" |'''CK'''||[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/272494 Chukkūn Line] (竹空線)||Moriyose ↔ Asunahama International Airport|| 2015|| 55,93|| 31 || 10-15 min<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#7AE3E3; color:black;" |'''SK'''||[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/272510 Seishaku Line] (盛石線)||Igattarun-Juwon ↔ Shakusa|| 1985 || 103,95 || 49 || 10-15 min<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#B16B48; color:white;" |'''GD'''||[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/272511 Gaekwan-Dōnbu Line] (外環東部線)||Nari-Shiratsuki ↔ Usehari|| 2005 || 78,48 || TBD || 7-10 min<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#FF66CC; color:white;" |'''SI'''||[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/272492 Sainniga Line] (---線)||Nari-Shiratsuki ↔ Usehari|| 1985 || 78,35 || TBD || 10 min<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
; Loop Line<br />
The Eastern side of Sainðaul, has got a vital heavy rail line that forms a 24,5 km loop encircling the historic heart of the city. The Loop Line, or 環状線 (Kwanjān-sen) in Izaki, holds a significant place in the city's transport landscape.<br />
<br />
While the official launch of the service dates back to 1937, it's important to note that the Loop Line didn't come into existence as a single entity. Rather, it evolved from the amalgamation of various railway segments, skillfully connected over time. Operating with precision, the Loop Line offers a train frequency of every 5 minutes during typical daytime hours. However, the system gears up to serve the bustling rush hours, providing trains every 90 seconds to cater to the high demand. Some of the trains make Hayatogaru Station their terminus, which is equipped with maintenance and depot facilities<br />
<br />
The loop, standing out on city maps with its distinct prussian blue color, is not just a means of getting around; it serves as a hub of activity and is used daily by an impressive 1.7 million riders. This robust ridership underlines the line's pivotal role in connecting the city's diverse communities and shaping the urban flow of Sainðaul.<br />
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible"<br />
|+Stations list<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Code<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Station name<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Izaki<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Connections with<br />other railways<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Connections with<br />subway lines<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Location<br />
|-<br />
!LL01<br />
|Sainðaul Central<br />
|作安崎中央<br />
|<br />
* Airport Express<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Enishaku Line<br />
* Sainniga Line<br />
* Bajikoe-Dōnnei Line<br />
* IZX<br />
|<br />
*Line 1<br />
* Line 8<br />
*Line 10<br />
* Line 17<br />
* Shindōnsai Link<br />
| rowspan="2" |Juwon<br />
|-<br />
!LL02<br />
|Binno||苠喃<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Enishaku Line<br />
* Bajikoe-Dōnnei Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 4<br />
* Line 17<br />
|-<br />
!LL03<br />
|Shiitehongi||〇〇<br />
|<br />
* Enishaku Line<br />
* Limited Expresses<br />
|<br />
* Line 3<br />
|Shiki<br />
|-<br />
!LL04<br />
|Jigasungai Kōwen||〇〇<br />
|<br />
|<br />
*Line 18<br />
| rowspan="4" | Jufurai<br />
|-<br />
!LL05<br />
|Jufurai Kōwen Niji||朱布来公園西<br />
|<br />
|<br />
* Line 8<br />
* Line 16<br />
|-<br />
!LL06<br />
|Punoidan||〇〇<br />
|<br />
| (At Tensari Omuhate)<br />
* Line 1<br />
* Line 16<br />
|-<br />
!LL07<br />
|Rupekoppe||孱槻<br />
|<br />
| (At Tamanoke Tsunui)<br />
* Line 1<br />
|-<br />
!LL08<br />
|Isenebo||床踔<br />
|<br />
| <br />
* Line 14<br />
| rowspan="4" | Hayatogaru<br />
|-<br />
!LL09<br />
|Igashikura (Taishin Univ.) ||品山(泰進大)<br />
|<br />
* Kidai Line<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!LL10<br />
|Hayatogaru||久松<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Ansoku Line<br />
* Kidai Line<br />
* Sainniga Line<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!LL11<br />
|Rakkashoni||鳶腳<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
|<br />
*Line 2<br />
|-<br />
!LL12<br />
|Sumi-Kokendake||隠古剣館<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Ansoku Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 4<br />
(At Kushigae)<br />
* Line 16<br />
| rowspan="4" | Kokendake<br />
|-<br />
!LL13<br />
|Oritoku||壌外<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 10<br />
|-<br />
!LL14<br />
|Tomiganei||庭ヶ汢<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 9<br />
|-<br />
!LL15<br />
|Tagashiga||浚藻<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!LL16<br />
|Oiseharu||粕墾<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
(At Shin-Oiseharu)<br />
* Shinsabu Main Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 18<br />
| rowspan="4" | Juwon<br />
|-<br />
!LL17<br />
|Herubori||杏登<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
* Ansoku Line<br />
* Airport Express<br />
* Dōnkai Line<br />
* Shinsabu Main Line<br />
* IZX<br />
|<br />
* Line 3<br />
* Line 12<br />
|-<br />
!LL18<br />
|Obakura||〇〇<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 12<br />
* Line 14<br />
|-<br />
!LL19<br />
|Aketsue||薫都衛<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
* Daikiri Line<br />
* Kidai Line<br />
* Enishaku Line<br />
* Bajikoe-Dōnnei Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 12<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Other private railways complete the network of Sainðaul.<br />
<br />
===Tramways===<br />
Before the heavy development of subway lines, Sainðaul had an extensive network of tramways and streetcars, which still survive with a smaller network and some isolated lines in the areas not covered by heavy rail. Still nowadays, especially after the legislation of Mayor Ikaro Asahosai in 2003, a vast program of new tramway projects is on the way, and 126 km of new tracks are going to be laid by 2025. <br />
<br />
====Metro system====<br />
[[File:Metro Sainzaul logo with text.png|frameless|right]]<br />
The [[Sainðaul Metro]] is the mostly underground subway network of the metropolitan area, mainly developed on the two sides of the Tandan Strait. Only three lines cross the strait through the Kishagoi undersea tunnel. The system, as of 2024, is composed of 19 lines (metro proper) and extends on 673.93 km of network. A bunch of privately owned metro-like heavy and light railways complete the network. <br />
<br />
;Owned and run by Sainðaul Metro.<br />
{| class="wikitable" <br />
|-<br />
! Rel<br />
! Code<br />
! Line name<br />
! Opening year<br />
! Extension<br />
! Stations<br />
! Terminus A<br />
! Terminus B<br />
! Thru Service<br />
! Main facts<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242549 1]<br />
| AD<br />
| style="background: #FE7F00;"|'''Agarai-Dōnpuku Line'''<br />
| 1924<br />
| 51,66 km<br />
| 30<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/184719128 Ikashumai Sports Center]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/146716208 Enikezya Forum]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The second oldest line of the system, has been upgraded different times, and also offers and express/rapid services. <br />
* An extension from Ikashumai Sports Center to Yakata is in progress with the opening targeted by 2024<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242565 2]<br />
| HB<br />
| style="background: red;"|'''Hibaru Line'''<br />
| 1919<br />
| 36,02 km<br />
| 27<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/187344183 Naezoto]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/135394631 Mokoba]</br>[http://opengeofiction.net/node/188737257 Hintomaui]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The first subway line built in Izaland, and one of the first in Eastern Uletha, runs west-east in the old core of the city, giving access to the central station area, the government district of Amiya and the historical precincts of the Eikuku-ji Temple. <br />
* Further east the line divides into two branches, one leading to Mokoba, and the other serving as north-south corridod for the city of Oitsura.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242566 3]<br />
| SH<br />
| style="background: #009E4F;"|'''Shakihori Line'''<br />
| 1932<br />
| 42,96 km<br />
| 25<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/256366564 Ansan Shakuiadae]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370158 Iyogateri]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The third line of the Sainðaul Metro network, was first built to connect from north to south the central districts of the capital (Shiitehongi-Herubori). <br />
* In 2019 an extension from Bibawara to Ansan Shakuiadae opened<br />
* Offers a rapid service in the northern part, until Komayunden. South of this station all trains stop at all stations.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242547 4]<br />
| KO<br />
| style="background: #FFD912;"|'''Kokendake Line'''<br />
| 1937<br />
| 18,45 km<br />
| 15<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/129227893 Abawauri]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/126666499 Kawaei]<br />
| <br />
* Onto the Shinsabu Oitsura Line towards Oitsura<br />
* Onto the line 6 from Abawauri to Ipporai-Shindari (only a few trains)<br />
| <br />
* The fourth line of the Sainðaul Metro network, runs partially parallel to the Hibaru (red) line, touching the embassy district (Aguri), the government quarter and the old city (Kushigae, from which the name comes).<br />
* Since the 1998 upgrade, this was the first former line to have a rapid service<br />
* Thru service onto the Shinsabu Oitsura Line towards Oitsura since 1976<br />
|-<br />
|colspan="10"|<br />
[[File:SUL04.svg|1400px|frameless]]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242577 5]<br />
| KE<br />
| style="background: #9E6A51;"|'''Kirifunu Eigandan Line'''<br />
| 1941<br />
| 16,05 km<br />
| 13<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/176782928 Jisahara]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/126666499 Tsuragoi]<br />
| Onto the IR Shosen Line from Jisahara to Kemeusa<br />
| <br />
* The first line built in the Bajikoe area, with the shape of a reversed "L", connects east-west the central district (Konegisa Eigandan and Kirifunu Lan), bending south to Jisahara.<br />
* In 2013 the thru service on to the IR Shosen Line allows rapid trains to reach Komokata. Special trainsets run up to 180 km/h on the special tracks, making this one of the fastest subway in the world.<br />
* Between Komokata and Tsuragoi trains stop at all stations<br />
|-<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242578 6]<br />
| IP<br />
| style="background: #3465A4;"|'''Ipporai Line'''<br />
| 1967<br />
| 47,30 km<br />
| 30<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/259962136 Saibu-Panatsawa]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/229672837 Nari-Gotsurindai]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The first subway line crossing the Tandan Strait, was first built between Ezaesomu and Kotoshiruna in 1967<br />
* In 1973 the undersea tunnel allowed trains to reach Abawauri station, allowing for the first time subway trains to travel between the two sides of the city. This helped to lighten the congestion of the IR lines<br />
* The latest extensions are: from Abawari to Nari-Gotsurindai opened in 2008 (the two last stations, Nari-Gotsurindai and Norihoi are shared with line 18), and from Kōtō-Satahappi to Saibu-Panatsawa in 2018.<br />
* A possible extension via Hōnkūn to Iberotsuna is in the earlier survey stage<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242576 7]<br />
| BJ<br />
| style="background: #00A0BC;"|'''Bajikoe Line'''<br />
| 1972<br />
| 36,47 km<br />
| 29<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/196658312 Pwakkobe]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/147466401 Akettun Shendao]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The line has the shape of the number "5", linking the port area of Riimibaiken city (Komokata Pref.) with the central business district of west Sainðaul, running underneath Eigandan Lan and Shutazai-ku. <br />
* There is a project for a branch line dividing at Sangwya Jiku towards Chikawari, however, no funds are available as of 2022.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242546 8]<br />
| HM<br />
| style="background: #00A2D3;"|'''Hamaas Line'''<br />
| 1958<br />
| 23,95 km<br />
| 22<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/169508181 Kishagoi]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370155 Komayunden]<br />
| <br />
* IR Tandan Kaihyō Line from Kishagoi to Funoshoni<br />
* Ibaches Main Line from Jufurai to Ibaruno<br />
| <br />
* The line has the shape of a "V" letter, and connects the north-west of eastern Sainðaul with the north-east, after reaching all the central locations<br />
* Since it links many islands, the name of the line means "line of the islands".<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242548 9]<br />
| BX<br />
| style="background: #C40062;"|'''Bordeaux Line'''<br />
| 1986<br />
| 14,00 km<br />
| 13<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/135874133 Teyomuka]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/201033004 Shōryān Daishi]<br />
| <br />
* Shinsabu Line from Shōryān Daishi to Hidano (all-stop service only)<br />
| <br />
* The line is the first of the lower capacity lines built in the city. Trains have 6 cars and are fully automated. <br />
* A possible extension to Tsukasai (IR and Agarai-Dōnpuku Line) is in the study phase.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242569 10]<br />
| SO<br />
| style="background: #C46200;"|'''Shakiose Line'''<br />
| 1969<br />
| 32,80 km<br />
| 29<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/122138475 Shakihori]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/229655683 Uhāra-Motu]<br />
| <br />
* Shikisabu Railway to [TBD]<br />
| <br />
* Runs parallel to the Shakihori Line between Niji-Shakihori and Rillantsoye.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242579 11]<br />
| OD<br />
| style="background: #c5e1a5;"|'''Owonideki Line'''<br />
| 2012<br />
| 23.32 km<br />
| 22<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/147457618 Itsayuki-Tonjō]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370188 Jisahara]<br />
| <br />
* Onto the IR Shosen Line to Katayoshi-Juwon<br />
| <br />
* Running North-South mostly following Owonideki Boulevard in the West of the city<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242571 12]<br />
| IS<br />
| style="background: #86EBEB;"|'''Intsushitsa Line'''<br />
| 1995<br />
| 14.23 km<br />
| 13<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/187344184 Kayatsori]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370188 Mewakate-Kippai]<br />
[http://opengeofiction.net/node/342508941 Niji-Yōneo]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The line, one of the shortest of the system, is a fully automated middle-capacity subway, connecting the eastern center with Koyabi island<br />
* In 2020 a new 8,6 km branch line from Tanjānli to Niji-Yōneo opened.<br />
* Averagely 4 services per hour terminate in Mewakate-Kippai, 6 in Niji-Yōneo, and 4 Tanjānli.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242593 13]<br />
| TN<br />
| style="background: #36873c;"|'''Tsuruna Line'''<br />
| 2003<br />
| 39.40 km<br />
| 29<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/229660683 SAIA Cargo Center]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/176765160 Showanul] / [http://opengeofiction.net/node/126143726 Kashimochi]<br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* Passing mostly underground beneath Tsuruna Yaon, the line connects Asunahama International Airport with the western part of the city via Riimibaiken and Tahamuro. <br />
* In the southern part, a spur line connects the mainline from Tsuruna-Mistukane to Showanul, to offer interchanges with IR Lines and IZX Services. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/72E400 14]<br />
| NO<br />
| style="background: #72E400"|'''Nanpuku Otsumi Line'''<br />
| 2004<br />
| 22.57 km<br />
| 20<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/124066185 Migawarae]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370166 Tanjānli] <br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* One of the most heavily used lines of the system, the line connects the busy central hubs of Masuda Agarai, Jufurai, the island of Intsushitsa with the north-eastern districts.<br />
* From the current terminus of Migawarae, an extension to Dankau is in the process of being built.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242580 15]<br />
| UN<br />
| style="background: #db287a"|'''Urenosomi Line'''<br />
| 2010<br />
| 34.31 km<br />
| 24<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/229660683 SAIA Cargo Center]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/176874425 Sakamuso] <br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* Between SAIA Cargo Center and Bibaisone tracks are shared with Line 13 (Tsuruna Line)<br />
* The line draws a semicircle on the western and southern extremities of West Sainðaul.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242570 16]<br />
| KW<br />
| style="background: #816cb1"|'''Kyokwan Line'''<br />
| 2013<br />
| 71.50 km<br />
| 52<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/188445611 Tsukitonai]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/126493368 Kamaishi Kaiyan Kōwen] <br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* The line forms an almost complete mega-loop around the two city centers, connecting prime business areas such as Koneei in Bajikoe with the outer suburbs on the eastern side.<br />
* The tracks are shared with Line 18 between Chikayuda and Kingaus Sangu.<br />
* The original project called for a mega-loop to be completed on the southern part, passing through Kashimochi and Utsullani Islands, but lack of funding so far blocked the project. The estimated cost of completing the line, according to 2020 calculations, is 11.2 billion Etsi. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242573 17]<br />
| ZK<br />
| style="background: #f985bb"|'''Zakumi Line'''<br />
| 2013<br />
| 51.83 km<br />
| 38<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/251115566 Tswankanami Airport] <br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370188 Mewakate Kippai] / [http://opengeofiction.net/node/193581001 Kungaus Sangu Shikumun] <br />
| <br />
* To Kirijima via the IR Gashi Line<br />
|<br />
* The line runs west-east in the northern part of West Sainðaul, and North-South in the Eastern side.<br />
* The pattern is mostly divided into two sections: Kungaus Sangu Shikimun to Tswankanami Airport (or Bibantōri and onwards on the Gashi Line), and Kungaus Sangu to Mewakate Kippai. Some rapid trains however run the whole line in about 55 minutes. <br />
* The tracks are shared with Line 17 between Chikayuda and Kingaus Sangu, and with Line 18 between IDK Arena Station and the Mewakate Kippai terminus.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/292343 18]<br />
| JF<br />
| style="background: #999999"|'''Jufurai Line'''<br />
| 1998<br />
| 27.51 km<br />
| 20<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/229672837 Nari-Gotsurindai]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370188 Mewakate Kippai]<br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* The line runs north-south in the Eastern part of Sainðaul, mainly passing through Jufurai, hence the name<br />
* The subway partially uses tracks of the former IR Dunkōn Line.<br />
* The tracks are shared with Line 17 between IDK Arena Station and the Mewakate Kippai terminus.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/292343 -]<br />
| HO<br />
| style="background: #CD5C5C"|'''Hoze-Oyehatton Line'''<br />
| 2019<br />
| 13.64 km<br />
| 13<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/136187245 Takatsura]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/196658319 Kadokamahiwa]<br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* Fully automated 4 cars light subway line serving the western business district.<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
;Other private metro-like systems<br />
{| class="wikitable" <br />
|-<br />
! Rel<br />
! Code<br />
! Line name<br />
! Opening year<br />
! Extension<br />
! Stations<br />
! Terminus A<br />
! Terminus B<br />
! Thru Service<br />
! Main facts<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/411419 -]<br />
| SX<br />
| style="background: #B22222;"|'''Shubaru Express'''<br />
| 2016<br />
| 53,89 km<br />
| 19<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/124066084 Herubori]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/345089878 Torino Jutakutsi]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* A new privately owned express rail system, it connects Shiratsuki City, east of the metropolitan area, to Herubori over a length of more than 50 km. <br />
* The maximum speed of the trains is 160 km/h (express trains), allowing a travel time of 35 minutes between the two termini (with stops only at Torino Jutakutsi - Shin-Shiratsuki - Jukkapunka - Taimasaki - Kawaei Stadium - Hayatogaru - Agarai-Tomasue - Eiganji - Herubori).<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{{#multimaps: <br />
| service = OGF<br />
| center = 36.0118, 128.8961<br />
| width = 100%<br />
| height = 1000px<br />
| zoom = 12<br />
| maxzoom = 19<br />
| layers = +Standard,+TopoMap<br />
| overlays = +Metro,+Other systems,+Thru services<br />
| overlaydef = {<br />
"Metro": {"function": "publicTransport", "param": [242567, 242593, 242571, 242579, 242569, 242548, 242546, 242576, 242578, 242577, 242547, 242566, 242565, 242549, 242343, 242573, 242570, 242580, 292343]},<br />
"Other systems": {"function": "publicTransport", "param": [303201, 242613, 283141, 283140, 242568, 242572]},<br />
"Thru services": {"function": "publicTransport", "param": [272674, 303222, 303223, 303227, 303270]}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
====High Speed Railway====<br />
The high speed trains run on a mostly dedicated alignment. The most busy link is the '''Kubori Main High Speed Line''' (久保李本高鐵線, ''Kubori Hon-kōchessen''), also called '''Keishin IZX Line''' (京深IZX線, ''Keishin Iziikksu sen'') linking Sainðaul Station with Warohan, the second city in size of Izaland. Within the Capital Special Administration District the trains originating Sainðaul call at [[Kasakuri Station|Kasakuri]], the main station for the High Speed trains in Bajikoe, to head then to [[Sainðaul Asunahama International Airport]], having a dedicated High Speed Railway station underneath. <br />
<br />
Other lines stretching from Sainðaul to the continental area are the '''West Sea High Speed Line''' (西海高鐵線, ''Seikai kōchessen'') joining with Shirukami, and the '''Ryānkai IZX Line''' (両海高鐵線, ''Ryānkai kōchessen''), reaching [[Gaintei]] the access city to the highest peaks of Izaland, in the North-West of the country. <br />
<br />
====Projects====<br />
To decongest the millennium tunnel, a new project to build an alternative rail link between Sainðaul and Showanul is in progress, but due to the highly demanding technical challenges and the consequent costs, the building of this infrastructure is not going to happen anytime soon. This project is tentatively called '''Third East-West Rail Link vision''' (第三東西連絡鉄道線構想, ''Deisan dōnðai lyenlakusen kusān'').<br />
<br />
===Aviation===<br />
Sainðaul counts on three main airports: <br />
* '''Asunahama International Airport''', the main intercontinental gate of the city and Izaland, situated off-shore on an artificial island <br />
* '''Kanui Airport''', located close to the old center, active as a city airport and handling most of the domestic traffic<br />
* '''Tswankanami International Airport''', the former intercontinental airport of Izaland, now is mainly a hub for low cost carrier; located on the west side of the city, in Komokata Prefecture.<br />
<br />
====Asunahama International Airport====<br />
'''Sainðaul Asunahama International Airport''' (安作崎空島國際空港 - ''Saindzaul Asunahama Kukujai Kūnkō'') ([[WAAT]]: '''SUL''', [[ANACA]]: '''DZSL''') is the main international hub of [[Izaland]], main hub for [[Izaland Airlines]] and [[Uletha Eastern Airways]], serving all major international destinations worldwide.<br />
<br />
=====History=====<br />
[[File:Rinkuu.JPG|thumb|289px|The "Asunatotsu" bridge connecting the airport island with the mainland]]<br />
The airport opened in 2014 on a 9 sq km artificial island offshore Kubori island to relieve the congestion of the former '''Sainðaul Tswankanami Airport''', now reduced in size and used as a military base, and the '''Sainðaul Kanui Airport''', located in the continental area of the city, now serving mainly domestic and short haul destinations.<br />
<br />
=====Construction works=====<br />
The genesis of this airport backs to year 1998, when the former international airport of Izaland, '''Sainðaul Tswankanami Airport''' started to show signs of saturation. <br />
Different projects were made about the location for a new international airport, including the expansion of the main domestic terminal of Kanui Airport. However, the promising growth of international flights pushed for a wider projects, so the idea of creating a wide airport on an international island took over.<br />
<br />
At first, there were different ideas for the location of the new airport, including near Kawayatsu or Sabullan. However, the Ministry of Infrastructure, asked, in 2001, to locate the new airport possibly along the route of the newly to be built high speed railway (the [[Sainðaul - Warohan Saikai Line]]), so an area in Komokata Prefecture, about 2,4 km offshore between Riimibaiken and Chikawari was chosen, due to the low depth of the sea (not more than 35 m in the deepest area). Particular attention was made to avoid endangering the reef located in the area. <br />
<br />
The preliminary project was ready by september 2005, and the complete financing of the airport, including the undersea high speed railway, was done by spring 2007. <br />
Building works started finally in 2008, first by landfilling the area to create the island. At the same time, tunnel boring machines started digging the two single tracked 18,7 km tunnels from Komokata to Chikawari area, and the HSR station was nearly completed by 2012. The last two years were taken to complete the construction of the airport terminal itself. <br />
<br />
In 2017, due to the increasing low cost flights, especially by the growing IzaFly low cost carrier, a new terminal was built on the southern area of Asunahama island. <br />
The terminal behaves actually as a satellite building, as everyone needs to pass through the check in and immigrations of the main building. The transfer to the low cost terminal is guaranteed by a inter-terminal people mover.<br />
<br />
=====Naming=====<br />
Since the landfilling of the airport island has been one of the biggest project in Izaland, at an estimated cost of about 18 billion USD, a symbolic name was chosen fo the island, calling it '''Asunahama''' (空島, ''asunahama''), meaning "sky island". This name was also chosen to call the airport itself. <br />
<br />
=====Transportation=====<br />
[[File:Airport_Station_2018_08_part2.jpg|thumb|289px|Inside the airport transit station]]<br />
;Road access<br />
The airport island is connected to the mainland by a 2,1 km steel and concrete, the '''Asunatotsu''' bridge (meaning "Sky Bridge").<br />
The bridge is connected to the Keishin Expressway via the '''Asunatotsu IC'''. It is also possible to access to the airport island via a freeway.<br />
<br />
;Rail access<br />
The airport boasts a transit center offering interchange between 2 subway lines, 5 railway services (including the [[Airport Express (Sainðaul)|Airport Express]] and the high speed railway. The hub station of '''Sainðaul Asunahama International Airport''' is located underground, between the parking area and the airport main terminal itself. Access to the arrival lobby is guaranteed by a gentle slope with mobile walkways, while the access to the 4th floor departure lobby is helped by escalators and direct lifts. <br />
<br />
In 2018 opened a 35 minutes train service, the non-stop SATMEX ('''Sainðaul Airports Transit MegaExpress'''), allowing hassle-less transit between intercontinental and domestic flights at Kanui Airport (the train takes to Osenude station, from which mobile walkways lead to the terminal).<br />
<br />
=== Waterways ===<br />
Water transport has always played a primary role in the connections between the dozens of islands that make up the territory of the city. In particular, until the middle of the last century, when there were still no fixed connections between east and west, the Strait of Tandan, where Sainðaul stays, was an extremely busy strip of sea, where hundreds of ferries and vessels passed through every day.<br />
The approximately 25 km north-south extension of the Sainðaul port area has several ports and moorings. As for the eastern side, from north to south the main piers are:<br />
* Gotsurindai<br />
* Kishagoi<br />
* Fukori<br />
* Tsukasai<br />
* Tsutomaku <br />
* Nagaya<br />
<br />
The main ones located on the western shore are:<br />
* Samopuke<br />
* Kasakuri<br />
* Tsuragoi <br />
<br />
[[Category:Izaland]]</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=User:Izaland_Terramorphing_Committee/Sandbox/Izaki_Language&diff=22829User:Izaland Terramorphing Committee/Sandbox/Izaki Language2024-03-07T05:39:50Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: /* Verbs */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox lang<br />
| name = Izaki<br />
| native_name = 華邦語<br />
| pronunciation = izakigo<br />
| official = [[Izaland]]<br />
| other-regions = South-Eastern Uletha<br />
| speakers = 132 million<br />
| agency = Izaland National Academy for the Izaki Language</br>國立華邦語管理學會<br />
| sign = <br />
| dialects = Warohan, Juhuku`<br />
| family = isolate<br />
| writing_system = byakuji (百字) and askaoza (𖬮ᒢ𖬭'ᐤ𖬖𖬰)<br />
| script = byakuji (百字) and askaoza (𖬮ᒢ𖬭'ᐤ𖬖𖬰)<br />
| tonal = No<br />
| alignment =<br />
| word-order = SOV<br />
| modifiers = <br />
| noun-cases = yes<br />
| noun-gender = no<br />
| noun-number = yes<br />
| verb-aspect = yes<br />
| verb-mood = yes<br />
| verb-number = yes<br />
| verb-person = yes<br />
| verb-tense = yes<br />
| verb-voice = yes<br />
| adj-cases = no<br />
| adj-gender = no<br />
| adj-number = yes<br />
}}<br />
A brief manual of Izaki language, the conlang under development for Izaland. <br />
<br />
Basically it is a language isolate, however many elements are inspired by Japanese, Korean and Finnish Languages.<br />
<br />
= Phonology - 音声学 =<br />
<br />
== Sounds ==<br />
Izaki language has an average number of consonant sounds, and a limited number of vocalic sounds, making it a pretty easy to pronounce language. <br />
<br />
=== Vowels ===<br />
Izaki has 5 vowels and 2 semivowels. The 5 vowels can have a short or a long sound:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|<br />
|Back<br />
|Front<br />
|-<br />
|Close<br />
|/i/<br />
|/u/<br />
|-<br />
|Mid<br />
|/e/<br />
|/o/<br />
|-<br />
|Open<br />
|<br />
|/a/<br />
|}<br />
The semivowels are /w/ and /j/, and always occur before a vowel. The only exception is the /wjV/ composition, where V is a vowel (mostly /a/), like in the compound /wja/ (業).<br />
<br />
=== Consonants ===<br />
Izaki has 22 consonants, as per the following phonetic chart.<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''↓ Manner/Place →'''<br />
|'''Bilabial'''<br />
|'''Labiodental'''<br />
|'''Alveolar'''<br />
|'''Palato-alveolar'''<br />
|'''Palatal'''<br />
|'''Velar'''<br />
|'''Glottal'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Nasal'''<br />
|m<br />
|<br />
|n<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|'''Stop'''<br />
|p b<br />
|<br />
|t d<br />
|<br />
|c<br />
|k ɡ<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|'''Affricate'''<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|ʦ ʣ<br />
|ʧ ʤ<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|'''Fricative'''<br />
|<br />
|f<br />
|s z<br />
|ʃ ʒ<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|h<br />
|-<br />
|'''Approximant'''<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|j<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|'''Trill'''<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|ɾ<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|'''Lateral approximant'''<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|l<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Syllabes ==<br />
The Izaki phonology is strictly syllable based, and the structure we are going to explain followingly is so strict that also foreign loan words must be adapted to it. <br />
<br />
To better explain the syllable composition, we will divide the different sounds into three categories:<br />
<br />
'''V''': the 5 vowels, short or long (''a, e, i, o, u, ā, ē, ī, ō, ū'')<br />
<br />
'''C''': the 22 consonants (''p, b, k, g, t, d, ch, j, s, z, ts, ð, sh, zh, m, n, l, r, h, f, v'')<br />
<br />
'''F''': the syllable-final consonants (''n, l, s, r, h*, kk**'') - only these consonants can appear after a vowel in a syllable, or at the end of a word. However, no words end by -h.<br />
<br />
<br />
<nowiki>*</nowiki>h: it can be found in the final position of a syllable structure, and appears between a vowel and another consonant. The following consonant will be not voiced<br />
<br />
Example words: ''dahkei'' (cliff), ''zhohtan'' (side), ''nihki'' (coast), ''rihmi'' (county), ''nehkeu'' (too much)<br />
<br />
<nowiki>**</nowiki>kk: the geminated /k/ is a feature of the south-west dialect, and in current Izaki language only appears in the name of the city of ''Kikknās'' (Itakiri Prefecture).<br />
<br />
A basic syllable can be one of the following kinds:<br />
<br />
* '''V''' any vowel, short or long<br />
* '''CV''' any consonant*, any vowel<br />
* '''CVF'''<br />
<br />
Only non sonorant consonants (''k, t, p, s, ts, sh, ch'') and n, l, r can be strong (doubled). <br />
<br />
Example words: ''kaida'' (sword), ''miwa'' (water), ''rekki'' (pen), ''noppo'' (spoon), ''keilo'' (route), ''shihkama'' (whale), ''kamitsas'' (everywhere), ''estinden'' (always), ''jīssu'' (to press), ''yokoku'' (notice), ''jāshiki'' (common sense), ''gūnyū'' (milk), ''hākei'' (total), ''keskwa'' (result), ''wingyōn'' (bank), ''inshēs'' (printing)...<br />
<br />
== Writing System ==<br />
Izaki language writing system is one of the most articulated writing systems, making use of the '''Bai characters''' and an original composed alphabet called '''askaoza''' (邦記, or 𖬒ᒢ𖬭ᣟᐤ𖬖𖬰).<br />
<br />
The Bai characters and the ''askaoza'' are not alternative writing systems, but each of them has a definite role. Basically, Bai characters are used to show the semantical meaning of nouns, verb roots, adjectives etc., while askaoza complements them, allowing variable parts of the speech to be declined or conjugated accordingly. This works basically as in Japanese with ''kanji'' and ''kana''.<br />
<br />
In the first section of our language manual we are going to learn the basics of the ''askaoza''.<br />
<br />
Main features of the ''askaoza'' writing system:<br />
<br />
# One letter corresponds to one sound<br />
# All the letter are by default adjoined with the sound “/a/”. No words in Izaki can start with a double consonant, while certain consonants can follow another one, but their representation is different (see later)<br />
# The other vocalic sounds except for “a” are rendered with a diacritic symbol, on the left or on the right of the consonant. <br />
# Single vowels are shown by a “placeholder” symbol, with the value of /a/ if no other vowel diacritic is present. <br />
# The main letters are unvoiced sounds. The corresponding voiced sounds are marked by a dot on the top. <br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Roman alp.'''<br />
|'''Character'''<br />
|'''IPA'''<br />
|'''Roman alp.'''<br />
|'''Character'''<br />
|'''IPA'''<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="3" |清音 (seion) - unvoiced<br />
| colspan="3" |濁音 (takuon) - voiced<br />
|-<br />
|'''K'''<br />
|𖬭<br />
|/k/<br />
|'''G'''<br />
|𖬭𖬰<br />
|/g/<br />
|-<br />
|'''P'''<br />
|𖬡<br />
|/p/<br />
|'''B'''<br />
|𖬡𖬰<br />
|/b/<br />
|-<br />
|'''S'''<br />
|𖬖<br />
|/s/<br />
|'''Z'''<br />
|𖬖𖬰<br />
|/z/<br />
|-<br />
|'''T'''<br />
|𖬮<br />
|/t/<br />
|'''D'''<br />
|𖬮𖬰<br />
|/d/<br />
|-<br />
|'''F'''<br />
|𖬌<br />
|/f/<br />
|'''V'''<br />
|𖬌𖬰<br />
|/v/<br />
|-<br />
|'''CH'''<br />
|𖬥<br />
|/ʧ/<br />
|'''J'''<br />
|𖬥𖬰<br />
|/ʤ/<br />
|-<br />
|'''SH'''<br />
|𖬔<br />
|/ʃ/<br />
|'''ZH'''<br />
|𖬔𖬰<br />
|/ʒ/<br />
|-<br />
|'''TS'''<br />
|𖬪<br />
|/ʦ/<br />
|'''Đ'''<br />
|𖬪𖬰<br />
|/ʣ/<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="3" rowspan="5" |<br />
|'''H'''<br />
|𖬨<br />
|/h/<br />
|-<br />
|'''N'''<br />
|𖭑<br />
|/n/<br />
|-<br />
|'''M'''<br />
|𖬊<br />
|/m/<br />
|-<br />
|'''L'''<br />
|𖬠<br />
|/l/<br />
|-<br />
|'''R'''<br />
|𖬬<br />
|/r/<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Vowels and consonant joints ===<br />
Let’s take the first letter in Izaki alphabetical order, the “ka”: 𖬭 As it is now, we would read it /ka/, and not “k”, since in Izaki consonants are not stand-alone, and the default value is /ka/.<br />
<br />
What if we want to give it the sound /ke/? In this case we need to add on the right (as this is the rule of the “E”) the necessary diacritic, called, in Izaki, ''tenkun'': 𖬭ɭ<br />
<br />
Thus we know that “𖬭ɭ” will be read as /ke/; “𖬭𖬭ɭ” will be /kake”/ and “𖬭ɭ𖬭” shall be /keka/<br />
<br />
In the same way, we can write either ki, ko, and ku:<br />
<br />
𖬭ᛁ the “i” sound is made by adding a vertical bar<br />
<br />
𖬭ᐤ the “o” sound is made by adding a small circle on the top-right<br />
<br />
𖬭𐐢 the “u” sound is rendered by an umbrella handle shaped element<br />
<br />
Thus we can have these possible combinations:<br />
<br />
𖬭𖬭ᛁ (kaki), 𖬭ᐤ𖬭𐐢 (koku), 𖬭ᛁ𖬭𐐢 (kiku) etc…<br />
<br />
<br />
Let’s take a view to the main Izaki consonants with the 5 simple vowels:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|''Consonant''<br />
|'''A'''<br />
|'''E'''<br />
|'''I'''<br />
|'''O'''<br />
|'''U'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''-'''<br />
|𖬒 a<br />
|𖬒ɭ e<br />
|𖬒ᛁ i<br />
|𖬒ᐤ o<br />
|𖬒𐐢 u<br />
|-<br />
|'''K'''<br />
|𖬭 ka<br />
|𖬭ɭ ke<br />
|𖬭ᛁ ki<br />
|𖬭ᐤ ko<br />
|𖬭𐐢 ku<br />
|-<br />
|'''P'''<br />
|𖬡 pa<br />
|𖬡ɭ pe<br />
|𖬡ᛁ pi<br />
|𖬡ᐤ po<br />
|𖬡𐐢 pu<br />
|-<br />
|'''S'''<br />
|𖬖 sa<br />
|𖬖ɭ se<br />
|𖬖ᛁ shi<br />
|𖬖ᐤ so<br />
|𖬖𐐢 su<br />
|-<br />
|'''T'''<br />
|𖬮 ta<br />
|𖬮ɭ te<br />
|𖬮ᛁ ti<br />
|𖬮ᐤ to<br />
|𖬮𐐢 tu<br />
|-<br />
|'''F'''<br />
|𖬌 fa<br />
|𖬌ɭ fe<br />
|𖬌ᛁ fi<br />
|𖬌ᐤ fo<br />
|𖬌𐐢 fu<br />
|-<br />
|'''CH'''<br />
|𖬥 cha<br />
|𖬥ɭ che<br />
|𖬥ᛁ chi<br />
|𖬥ᐤ cho<br />
|𖬥𐐢 chu<br />
|-<br />
|'''SH'''<br />
|𖬔 sha<br />
|𖬔ɭ she<br />
|𖬔ᛁ shi<br />
|𖬔ᐤ sho<br />
|𖬔𐐢 shu<br />
|-<br />
|'''TS'''<br />
|𖬪 tsa<br />
|𖬪ɭ tse<br />
|𖬪ᛁ tsi<br />
|𖬪ᐤ tso<br />
|𖬪𐐢 tsu<br />
|-<br />
|'''H'''<br />
|𖬨 ha<br />
|𖬨ɭ he<br />
|𖬨ᛁ hi<br />
|𖬨ᐤ ho<br />
|𖬨𐐢 hu<br />
|-<br />
|'''N'''<br />
|𖭑 na<br />
|𖭑ɭ ne<br />
|𖭑ᛁ ni<br />
|𖭑ᐤ no<br />
|𖭑𐐢 nu<br />
|-<br />
|'''M'''<br />
|𖬊 ma<br />
|𖬊ɭ me<br />
|𖬊ᛁ mi<br />
|𖬊ᐤ mo<br />
|𖬊𐐢 mu<br />
|-<br />
|'''L'''<br />
|𖬠 la<br />
|𖬠ɭ le<br />
|𖬠ᛁ li<br />
|𖬠ᐤ lo<br />
|𖬠𐐢 lu<br />
|-<br />
|'''R'''<br />
|𖬬 ra<br />
|𖬬ɭ re<br />
|𖬬ᛁ ri<br />
|𖬬ᐤ ro<br />
|𖬬𐐢 ru<br />
|}<br />
Here are the derived consonants with the different vowel combinations:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|''Consonant''<br />
|'''A'''<br />
|'''E'''<br />
|'''I'''<br />
|'''O'''<br />
|'''U'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''-'''<br />
|𖬒 a<br />
|𖬒ɭ e<br />
|𖬒ᛁ i<br />
|𖬒ᐤ o<br />
|𖬒𐐢 u<br />
|-<br />
|'''G'''<br />
|𖬭𖬰 ga<br />
|𖬭𖬰ɭ ge<br />
|𖬭𖬰ᛁ gi<br />
|𖬭𖬰ᐤ go<br />
|𖬭𖬰𐐢 gu<br />
|-<br />
|'''B'''<br />
|𖬡𖬰 ba<br />
|𖬡𖬰ɭ be<br />
|𖬡𖬰ᛁ bi<br />
|𖬡𖬰ᐤ bo<br />
|𖬡𖬰𐐢 bu<br />
|-<br />
|'''Z'''<br />
|𖬖𖬰 za<br />
|𖬖𖬰ɭ ze<br />
|𖬖𖬰ᛁ zi<br />
|𖬖𖬰ᐤ zo<br />
|𖬖𖬰𐐢 zu<br />
|-<br />
|'''D'''<br />
|𖬮𖬰 da<br />
|𖬮𖬰ɭ de<br />
|𖬮𖬰ᛁ di<br />
|𖬮𖬰ᐤ do<br />
|𖬮𖬰𐐢 du<br />
|-<br />
|'''V'''<br />
|𖬌𖬰 va<br />
|𖬌𖬰ɭ ve<br />
|𖬌𖬰ᛁ vi<br />
|𖬌𖬰ᐤ vo<br />
|𖬌𖬰𐐢 vu<br />
|-<br />
|'''J'''<br />
|𖬥𖬰 ja<br />
|𖬥𖬰ɭ je<br />
|𖬥𖬰ᛁ ji<br />
|𖬥𖬰ᐤ jo<br />
|𖬥𖬰𐐢 ju<br />
|-<br />
|'''ZH'''<br />
|𖬔𖬰 zha<br />
|𖬔𖬰ɭ zhe<br />
|𖬔𖬰ᛁ zhi<br />
|𖬔𖬰ᐤ zho<br />
|𖬔𖬰𐐢 zhu<br />
|-<br />
|'''Ð'''<br />
|𖬪𖬰 ða<br />
|𖬪𖬰ɭ ðe<br />
|𖬪𖬰ᛁ ði<br />
|𖬪𖬰ᐤ ðo<br />
|𖬪𖬰𐐢 ðu<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Diphthongs ===<br />
Besides the main 5 vowels, Izaki language also has s certain number of diphthongs, or gliding vowels, a combination of two adjacent vowel sounds within the same syllable. <br />
<br />
Let’s take a look at some examples: 𐭘𖬭 kya, 𐩪𖬌 fwo, 𐩬𖬖 swa<br />
<br />
There are 8 main diphthongs, rendered in roman alphabet with “y” (/j/) and “w” (/w/), and in askaoza these semivocalic sounds are shown by a diacritic on the left of the corresponding consonant. <br />
<br />
Let’s see how it works with the consonant 𖭑 (n):<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|<br />
|'''A'''<br />
|'''E'''<br />
|'''I'''<br />
|'''O'''<br />
|'''U'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Y'''<br />
|𐭘𖭑 nya<br />
|𐐑𖭑 nye<br />
|<br />
|ᛚ𖭑 nyo<br />
|𐐓𖭑 nyu<br />
|-<br />
|'''W'''<br />
|𐩬𖭑 nwa<br />
|𐩧𖭑 nwe<br />
|𐐊𖭑 nwi<br />
|𐩪𖭑 nwo<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
Example words and sounds:<br />
<br />
𖭑ᛁ𐩬𖭑ɭ niswae<br />
<br />
𖬒ᐤ𐐓𖬬𖬒 oryua<br />
<br />
𐩧𖬭𖬬ᛁ kweri<br />
<br />
𐐓𖬒𖬪ᐤ yutso<br />
<br />
𐭘𖬨Ꮀ𐐊𖬭 hyaakwi<br />
<br />
𐐑𖬒ᛁ𖬖ᐤᐡ yeison<br />
<br />
𖬌𐐢𐐑𖬬 furye<br />
<br />
𖬪𐩬𖬒 tsawa<br />
<br />
𖬖𐩪𖬒𖬨ᛁ sawohi<br />
<br />
𐩪𖬭𖬨ɭ kwohe<br />
<br />
𖬊ᛁ𐩧𖬖Ꮀ miwee<br />
<br />
ᛚ𖬒𖬊 yoma<br />
<br />
𐐓𖬊Ꮀ𖬨 myuuha<br />
<br />
ᛚ𖬮𖬖𐐢 tyosu<br />
<br />
=== Double Consonants ===<br />
The double consonant is possible only with K, P, CH, S, T, N, L, SH, TS, and it is shown by a "^" diacritic symbol on the respective glyph.<br />
* KKA 𖬘𖬳<br />
* PPA 𖬇𖬳<br />
* TTA 𖬁𖬳𖬳<br />
* CCHA 𖬐𖬳<br />
* SSA 𖬖𖬳<br />
* SSHA 𖬔𖬳<br />
* TTSA 𖬑𖬳𖬳<br />
* LLA 𖬈𖬳<br />
<br />
Only the "nn" rendering is different, as it is shown with a diacritic symbol before "NA": <br />
<br />
* NNA ⲅ𖭑<br />
<br />
;Examples <br />
* 𖬮𖬭 taka vs 𖬮𖬘𖬳 takka<br />
* 𖬨ᛁ𖭑ᐡ hinan vs 𖬨ᛁⲅ𖭑ᐡ hinnan<br />
* 𖬥ᛁ𐩪𖬭 chikwo vs 𖬥ᛁ𐩪𖬘𖬳 chikkwo<br />
* 𖬮𐐢𖬖 usa vs 𖬮𐐢𖬖𖬳 ussa<br />
* 𖬮ᐤ𖬇𐐢ᐢ opun vs 𖬮ᐤ𖬇𖬳𐐢ᐢ oppun<br />
<br />
=== Long vowels ===<br />
In Izaki language, vowels can be short or long. This feature has a distinctive value, so it is important to notice when a vowel is short or long. <br />
<br />
In the official '''Sanotari-Idanos romanization system''', long vowels are written with a macron: ā ī ē ō ū, while in the less used '''Tagenas romanization system''', they are just left as a couple of vowels: aa, ii, ee, oo, uu. <br />
<br />
In the askaoza alphabet, to mark a long vowel, the diacritic “Ꮀ” is placed on the right of the long vowel syllable. <br />
<br />
Let’s take a look at some examples: 𖬭Ꮀ kā, 𖬌ᛁᎰ fī, 𖬮ᐤᎰ tō<br />
<br />
There are cases of long vowel in a CVC syllabe. In this case, the diacritic must be placed before the final consonant one: 𖬪ᐤᎰᐡ tsōn, 𖬬𐐢Ꮀᒢ rūs, 𖬨ɭᎰᣘ hēr<br />
<br />
= Greetings and useful expressions =<br />
In the table, some useful words in Izaki<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Ingerish'''<br />
|'''Izaki (romanised)'''<br />
|'''Transcription (Izaki)'''<br />
|-<br />
|Ingerish<br />
|Ingo<br />
|引語<br />
|-<br />
|Yes<br />
|Sā<br />
|𖬖⸠<br />
|-<br />
|No<br />
|Na<br />
|𖭑<br />
|-<br />
|Hello!<br />
|Ānjiwara!<br />
|𖬮⸠ᐢ𖬐𖬰ᛁ𐩬𖬮𖬬<br />
|-<br />
|How are you<br />
|Soi yodeska?<br />
|𖬖ᐤᛁ ꓩ𖬮𖬒𖬰ɭᒢ𖬭?<br />
|-<br />
|Hello (formal)<br />
|Āmajike<br />
|𖬮⸠𖬊𖬐𖬰ᛁ𖬭ɭ<br />
|-<br />
|Hi! (informal)<br />
|Ānji!<br />
|𖬮⸠ᐢ𖬐𖬰ᛁ!<br />
|-<br />
|I'm fine, thank you.<br />
|Nai tepan, dōmas.<br />
|𖭑꜉ 良ᐢ, 𖬒𖬰ᐤ⸠𖬊ᒢ.<br />
|-<br />
|So and so<br />
|tepana, zushina / tenazuna<br />
|良𖭑, 悪𖭑 / 𖬁ɭ𖭑𖬖𖬰𐐢𖭑<br />
|-<br />
|Goodbye!<br />
|Sokkiba!<br />
|𖬖ᐤⲅ𖬭ᛁ𖬇𖬰!<br />
|-<br />
|Welcome<br />
|Witte edeseke<br />
|𐐊𖬮𖬁𖬳𖬳ɭ 𖬮ɭ𖬒𖬰ɭ𖬖ɭ𖬭ɭ<br />
|-<br />
|Please<br />
|Inadeshiyan (indeshan)<br />
|𖬮ᛁ𖭑𖬒𖬰ɭ𖬔ᛁ𐭘𖬮ᐢ (𖬮ᛁᐢ𖬒𖬰ɭ𖬔ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|Thank you<br />
|Dōmas<br />
<br />
Dōmades<br />
|𖬒𖬰ᐤ⸠𖬊ᒢ.<br />
𖬒𖬰ᐤ⸠𖬊𖬒𖬰ɭᒢ<br />
|-<br />
|You're welcome<br />
|Dōmehisatta<br />
|𖬒𖬰ᐤ⸠𖬊ɭ𖬨ᛁ𖬖𖬁𖬳𖬳<br />
|-<br />
|Excuse me<br />
|Karansekeni / Karanseken / Karansee<br />
|𖬭𖬬ᐢ𖬖ɭ𖬭ɭ𖭑ᛁ / 𖬭𖬬ᐢ𖬖ɭ𖬭ɭᐢ / 𖬭𖬬ᐢ𖬖ɭ⸠<br />
|-<br />
|Sorry<br />
|Kuben<br />
|𖬭𐐢𖬇𖬰ɭᐢ<br />
|-<br />
|Good morning<br />
|Tepan allaa<br />
|良ᐢ 朝⸠<br />
|-<br />
|Good afternoon<br />
|Tepan katoo<br />
|良ᐢ 昼⸠<br />
|-<br />
|Good evening<br />
|Tepan seikaa<br />
|良ᐢ 夕⸠<br />
|-<br />
|Goodnight <br />
|Tepan nanshaa<br />
|良ᐢ 夜⸠<br />
|}<br />
<br />
= Nouns =<br />
Nouns in Izaki can be declined in singular and plural forms. There are no genders, as male, female or neuter. All the names are genderless.<br />
<br />
== Plural Formation ==<br />
In order to make the plural form, you need to prolong the last vowel of the name and add “n”. If the name already ends by a long vowel, just a n is added. If a noun ends in a consonant, see the rules. <br />
<br />
=== Nouns ending by vowel: ===<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Meaning'''<br />
|'''Singular (nominative)'''<br />
|'''Plural (nominative)'''<br />
|-<br />
|''water''<br />
|miwa (水)<br />
|miwaan (水⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''fire''<br />
|hunui(火)<br />
|hunuiin(火⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''man''<br />
|suto (男)<br />
|sutoon (男⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''woman''<br />
|natae (女)<br />
|nataeen (女⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''apple''<br />
|sugua (檎)<br />
|suguaan (檎⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''forest''<br />
|tsawa (森)<br />
|tsawaan (森⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''rice''<br />
|konu (米)<br />
|konuun (米⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''freedom''<br />
|jiyu (自由)<br />
|jiyuun (自由⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''nation''<br />
|kukka (國家)<br />
|kukkaan (國家⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|symptom<br />
|byōshō (病症)<br />
|byōshōhin (病症𖬨ᛁᐢ)<sup>1</sup><br />
|}<br />
1: nouns ending by a long vowel will add "hin" (𖬨ᛁᐢ)<br />
<br />
=== Noun ending by consonants: ===<br />
In Izaki, due to phonological rules, words can only end by: -n, -s, -l, -r. Basically to make the plural form, you need to prolong the ending consonant, and recall once again the previous vowel. <br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Meaning'''<br />
|'''Singular (nominative)'''<br />
|'''Plural (nominative)'''<br />
|'''Remarks, exceptions'''<br />
|-<br />
|''surface''<br />
|pyomyen(表面)<br />
|pyomyenne(表面𖭑ɭ)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''law''<br />
|pōrīs(法律)<br />
|pōrīsshi(法律𖬔ᛁ)<br />
|Izaki phonetics do not allow the /si/ syllable, which becomes /ʃi/ (shi). <br />
|-<br />
|''technology''<br />
|gijus(技術)<br />
|gijussu(技術𖬖𐐢)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''wave''<br />
|moigon(波)<br />
|moigonno(波𖭑ᐤ)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''leg''<br />
|huinnon(脚)<br />
|huinnonno(脚𖭑ᐤ)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''fennel''<br />
|totsus(茴)<br />
|totsussu(茴𖬖𐐢)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''insect''<br />
|nās(虫)<br />
|nāssa(虫𖬖)<br />
|If the last vowel of the singular form is a long one (ā,ē,ī,ō,ū), in the plural form it will be a shortened vowel.<br />
|-<br />
|''love''<br />
|saison(愛)<br />
|saisonno(愛𖭑ᐤ)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''docking''<br />
|rul(埠)<br />
|rullu(埠𖬈𐐢)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''God of the Sea''<br />
|kikk(𖬭ᛁ𖬘𖬳')<br />
|kikki(𖬭ᛁ𖬘𖬳ᛁ)<br />
|irregular word<br />
|-<br />
|''moral''<br />
|tekeh(徳)<br />
|tekehte(徳𖬁ɭ)<br />
|irregular word<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Cases ==<br />
Izaki Language operates on 8 cases (格⸠ᐢ ''kakuun''). <br />
<br />
Nouns, adjectives, pronouns and verbs need to be declined in most of the situations.<br />
<br />
# '''Nominative''' (主格, shukaku): the case used for the main subject, or the topic of the sentence. In the dictionary the nouns are in the nominative form.<br />
# '''Genitive''' (属格, zukkaku): to express the possession<br />
# '''Accusative''' (対格, taikaku): the case used for the direct object of a transitive verb<br />
# '''Dative''' (与格, yokaku): the indirect case of a destination recipient (to whom)<br />
# '''Essive''' (処格, shokaku): the case used to express the static position<br />
# '''Allative''' (向格, hyānkaku): the case used to express the direction (to the outside, until)<br />
# '''Ablative''' (奪格, daskaku): the case used to express the origin (from where, from when)<br />
# '''Instrumental''' (具格, gukaku): the case used to express the way or the instrument of an action (with something, using something), and also used to create other expressions using added ending suffixes. <br />
The following tables shows how some example words declinate in the different cases at their singular forms:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Case/meaning'''<br />
|'''Addied stem (-V/-C)'''<br />
|''water''<br />
|''tear''<br />
|''gate''<br />
|''wolf''<br />
|''opinion''<br />
|''day''<br />
|''sugar''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Nominative'''<br />
|''-''<br />
|miwa<br />
|tsokke<br />
|mua<br />
|tsaikis<br />
|wiken<br />
|kato<br />
|satā<br />
|-<br />
|'''Genitive'''<br />
|''add -n/-un''<br />
|miwa'''n'''<br />
|tsokke'''n'''<br />
|mua'''n'''<br />
|tsaikis'''un'''<br />
|wiken'''un'''<br />
|ka'''d'''o'''n'''<br />
|sa'''d'''ā'''n'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Accusative'''<br />
|''prolong vowel<sup>1</sup>''<br />
|miw'''ā'''<br />
|tsokkē<br />
|muā<br />
|tsaikisū<br />
|wikenū<br />
|katoo<br />
|satā<br />
|-<br />
|'''Dative'''<br />
|''add -i''<br />
|miwa'''i'''<br />
|tsokkei<br />
|muai<br />
|tsaikishi<br />
|wikenni<br />
|katoi<br />
|satāi<br />
|-<br />
|'''Essive'''<br />
|''add -s/-us''<br />
|miwa'''n'''<br />
|tsokke'''s'''<br />
|mua'''s'''<br />
|tsaikis'''us'''<br />
|wikenu'''s'''<br />
|ka'''d'''o'''s'''<br />
|sa'''d'''ā'''s'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Allative'''<br />
|''add -r/-ur''<br />
|miwa'''r'''<br />
|tsokke'''r'''<br />
|mua'''r'''<br />
|tsaikis'''ur'''<br />
|wiken'''ur'''<br />
|ka'''d'''o'''r'''<br />
|sa'''d'''ā'''r'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Ablative'''<br />
|''add -l/-ul''<br />
|miwa'''l'''<br />
|tsokke'''l'''<br />
|mua'''l'''<br />
|tsaikis'''ul'''<br />
|wiken'''ul'''<br />
|ka'''d'''o'''l'''<br />
|sa'''d'''ā'''l'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Instrumental'''<br />
|''see below''<br />
|miwa'''e'''<br />
|tsokkei<br />
|muae<br />
|tsaikiso<br />
|wikeni<br />
|katou<br />
|satāe<br />
|}<br />
1: if the noun already ends by a long vowel, the accusative keeps the same as the nominative.<br />
<br />
2: in the ''genitive'', ''essive'', ''allative'' and ''ablative'' cases ('''strong cases'''), nouns ending by vowel see a change in the last consonant, which becomes a sonorant if originally was k, p, ch, t, f, r, ts, sh, and preceded by a vowel. This phenomenon is called sonorisation of strong cases (強格濁音化); <br />
<br />
Eg: ''lota'' (sheet) > ''lo'''d'''as'', ''taito'' (diary) > ''tai'''d'''on'', ''dasa'' (trunk) > ''da'''z'''as'', ''niki'' (tower) > ''ni'''g'''is''<br />
<br />
However, this doesn't happen with double consonants, and when the consonant is preceded by ''h'' or ''s'': <br />
<br />
E.g. ''dahkei'' (precipice) > ''dah'''k'''ein'', ''juska'' (son) > ''jus'''k'''as''<br />
<br />
==== The instrumental ====<br />
The instrumental case can be created using the “vowel progression system”, and the rule is easily observable by each vowel ending words:<br />
<br />
# Words ending in a: add an -e<br />
# Words ending in e: add an -i<br />
# Words ending in i: add an -o (a diphthongization happens, so the word end changes to -yo)<br />
# Words ending in o: add an -u<br />
# Words ending in u: add an -a (a diphthongization happens, so the word end changes to -wa)<br />
# Words ending in consonant follow the same vowel progression rule as above, but the ending consonant doubles<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Meaning'''<br />
|'''Nominative'''<br />
|'''Instrumental'''<br />
|'''Notes'''<br />
|-<br />
|''water''<br />
|miwa<br />
|miwae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''hill''<br />
|oboe<br />
|oboei<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''river''<br />
|sāri<br />
|sāryo<br />
|i+o contract in “yo”<br />
|-<br />
|''color''<br />
|ahiro<br />
|ahirou<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''bear''<br />
|usumu<br />
|usumwa<br />
|u+a contract in “wa”<br />
|-<br />
|''employee''<br />
|shawin<br />
|shawinno<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''beetle''<br />
|tendattan<br />
|tendattanne<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''Sainðaul''<br />
|''Sainðaul''<br />
|''Sainðaulla''<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''life''<br />
|seikwas<br />
|seikwasse<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
''Note'': words already ending with a diphthong keeps behaving the same, except for V+”o” ending nouns:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Meaning'''<br />
|'''Nominative'''<br />
|'''Instrumental'''<br />
|'''Remarks'''<br />
|-<br />
|''lightning''<br />
|sasatsai <br />
|sasatsayo<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''bell''<br />
|akau<br />
|akawa<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''neck''<br />
|kea<br />
|keae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''tusk''<br />
|nekīkei<br />
|nekīkeyo<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''mushroom''<br />
|hingao<br />
|hingō*<br />
|<nowiki>-ao ending names change the last “ao” to “ō”</nowiki><br />
|-<br />
|''port''<br />
|sāreo<br />
|sāreu<br />
|<nowiki>-eo ending names change the last “eo” to “eu”</nowiki><br />
|-<br />
|''glass''<br />
|tassuo<br />
|tassū<br />
|<nowiki>-uo ending names change the last “uo” to “ū”</nowiki><br />
|-<br />
|''actor''<br />
|haiyū<br />
|haiyūa<br />
| -long u ending names just see an added "a"<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Derived cases ===<br />
From the instrumental stem, by adding other particles, you can create some sub-cases. <br />
<br />
# '''Comitative''' (with): -te (''miwaete'', with the water; ''tendattannete'', with the beetle)<br />
# '''Translative''' (to become): - nde (''sāryonde'', to become a river, ''jiyuande'', to become free)<br />
# '''Dedative''' (about): - nkai (''ahirounkai'', about the color; )<br />
# '''Abessive''' (without) -ttan (''saisonuttan'', without love; ''gijussattan'', without technology)<br />
<br />
Another case, the istructive, is made by the dative bases: <br />
<br />
# '''Istructive''' (with the mean of): - hte<br />
<br />
<br />
''Example sentences''<br />
<br />
I live in Sainðaul<br />
<br />
''Nai Sainðaulus paen. (我 作安崎''𐐢ᒢ 住𖬮ɭᐢ'')''<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
The books of the student are in the classroom.<br />
<br />
''Hakusein kinoon kyoshisus yohan.(学生之 冊''⸠ᐢ 教室𐐢ᒢ ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ)<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Anna ordered two novels.<br />
<br />
''Anna shosessē kantsul chubun teki.'' (𖬮ⲅ𖭑 小説𖬖ɭ⸠ 二𖬑𐐢ᐡ 注文𖬁ɭ𖬭ᛁ.)<br />
<br />
=== Plural cases ===<br />
The formation of the plural cases sees the presence of a thematic "i" inserted between the root of the word and the case ending; the consonant sonorisation doesn't happen:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Case/meaning'''<br />
|'''Addied stem (-V/-C)'''<br />
|''water''<br />
|''tear''<br />
|''gate''<br />
|''wolf''<br />
|''opinion''<br />
|''day''<br />
|''sugar''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Nominative'''<br />
|prolong last vowel and add -n/double the last consonant, and repeat the preceding vowel<br />
|miwaan<br />
|tsokkeen<br />
|muaan<br />
|tsaikisshi<br />
|wikenne<br />
|katoon<br />
|satāhin<br />
|-<br />
|'''Genitive'''<br />
|''add -in/-en''<br />
|miwa'''in'''<br />
|tsokke'''in'''<br />
|mua'''in'''<br />
|tsaikis'''en'''<br />
|wiken'''en'''<br />
|kato'''in'''<br />
|satāhen<br />
|-<br />
|'''Accusative'''<br />
|''add -ita/-ta''<br />
|miw'''aita'''<br />
|tsokke'''ita'''<br />
|mua'''ita'''<br />
|tsaikis'''ta'''<br />
|wiken'''ta'''<br />
|kato'''ita'''<br />
|satāheta<br />
|-<br />
|'''Dative'''<br />
|''add -hi''<br />
|miwa'''hi'''<br />
|tsokke'''hi'''<br />
|mua'''hi'''<br />
|tsaikis'''shi'''<br />
|wiken'''hi'''<br />
|kato'''hi'''<br />
|satāhi<br />
|-<br />
|'''Essive'''<br />
|''add -is/-es''<br />
|miwa'''is'''<br />
|tsokke'''is'''<br />
|mua'''is'''<br />
|tsaikis'''es'''<br />
|wiken'''es'''<br />
|kato'''is'''<br />
|satāhes<br />
|-<br />
|'''Allative'''<br />
|''add -ir/-er''<br />
|miwa'''ir'''<br />
|tsokke'''ir'''<br />
|mua'''ir'''<br />
|tsaikis'''er'''<br />
|wiken'''er'''<br />
|kato'''ir'''<br />
|satāher<br />
|-<br />
|'''Ablative'''<br />
|''add -il/-el''<br />
|miwa'''il'''<br />
|tsokke'''il'''<br />
|mua'''il'''<br />
|tsaikis'''el'''<br />
|wiken'''el'''<br />
|kato'''il'''<br />
|satāhel<br />
|-<br />
|'''Instrumental'''<br />
|''add -i after the singular instrumental''<br />
|miwa'''ei'''<br />
|tsokkeii<br />
|muaei<br />
|tsaikisoi<br />
|wikenii<br />
|katoui<br />
|satāei<br />
|}<br />
Note:<br />
<br />
* When a noun ends by long vowel at its singular form, the plural nominative theme is "-hin", but changes in "-he-" for the strong cases (genitive, locative, allative, ablative) eg: ''fupō'' (illegality) becomes ''fupōhin'' (illegalities), ''fubōs'' (of the illegality), ''fupōhen'' (in the illegalities) ...<br />
<br />
= Personal Pronouns =<br />
The personal pronouns in Izaki language, are the following:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|<br />
|'''Sing.'''<br />
|'''Plur.'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''1st'''<br />
|Nai<br />
|Naiin (exclusive), Nahu (incl.)<br />
|-<br />
|'''2nd'''<br />
|Sai / Kisai<br />
|Saiin / Kisaiin<br />
|-<br />
|'''3rd''' <br />
|Han<br />
|Hannu<br />
|}<br />
The 2nd person gets an honorific form by adding “ki” (貴) as a prefix<br />
<br />
Case conjugation:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Case'''<br />
|''I''<br />
|''You''<br />
|''He/She''<br />
|''We (ex)''<br />
|''We (inc)''<br />
|''You (pl)''<br />
|''They''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Nominative'''<br />
|nai<br />
|sai<br />
|han<br />
|naiin<br />
|nahu<br />
|saiin<br />
|hannu<br />
|-<br />
|'''Genitive'''<br />
|naiyo<br />
|saiyo<br />
|haiyo<br />
|nakiyo<br />
|nahuyo<br />
|sakiyo<br />
|hanniyo<br />
|-<br />
|'''Accusative'''<br />
|naka<br />
|saka<br />
|haka<br />
|naika<br />
|nahka<br />
|saika<br />
|hannika<br />
|-<br />
|'''Dative'''<br />
|nakai<br />
|sakai<br />
|hakai<br />
|naikai<br />
|nahkai<br />
|saikai<br />
|hannikai<br />
|-<br />
|'''Essive'''<br />
|nais<br />
|sais<br />
|hais<br />
|nakis<br />
|nahkis<br />
|sakis<br />
|hannus<br />
|-<br />
|'''Allative'''<br />
|nair<br />
|sair<br />
|hair<br />
|nakir<br />
|nahkir<br />
|sakir<br />
|hannur<br />
|-<br />
|'''Ablative'''<br />
|nail<br />
|sail<br />
|hail<br />
|nakil<br />
|nahkil<br />
|sakil<br />
|hannul<br />
|-<br />
|'''Instrumental'''<br />
|nayo<br />
|sayo<br />
|hane<br />
|nakyo<br />
|nahkyo<br />
|sakyo<br />
|hannwa<br />
|}<br />
The genitive, accusative and dative forms have also a suffix variation which can be put at the end of a noun or as a suffix of a verb:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Case'''<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|'''Genitive'''<br />
|<nowiki>-ne</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-se</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-he</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-nehe</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-nuhe</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-sehe</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-hese</nowiki><br />
|-<br />
|'''Accusative'''<br />
|<nowiki>-ni</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-shi</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-hi</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-nki</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-nhi</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-ski</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-heshi</nowiki><br />
|-<br />
|'''Dative'''<br />
|<nowiki>-na</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-sa</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-ha</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-nka</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-nha</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-ska</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-hasa</nowiki><br />
|}<br />
Note: in spoken language ''hese'' and ''hasa'' often become ''hes'', ''has''.<br />
<br />
=== Genitive suffix ===<br />
My computer: Naiyo dyensanki - or - dyensankine<br />
<br />
His wallet: Haiyo ðaifu - or - ðaifuhe<br />
<br />
Their house: Hanniyo futaka - or - futakahese<br />
<br />
Your smile: Saiyo hamiku - or - hamikuse<br />
<br />
=== Accusative suffix ===<br />
The accusative suffix is used after a verb when the direct object of it is a personal pronoun.<br />
<br />
I call you tomorrow: ''Nai akae nakonshi'' (also ''Nai akae saka nakon'')<br />
<br />
She invited you (pl) to the party: ''Han uiraben chadoisk''i (also ''Han saika uiraben chadoi'')<br />
<br />
I love you: (''Nai) saisonshi'' (also ''Nai saka saison'')<br />
<br />
==== Accusative suffix with reflexive verbs ====<br />
Certain verbs are called ''reflexive'', as the action gets back to the subject. In these cases, the accusative suffix has to be used.<br />
<br />
I get up (I wake up myself): ''Nai tashitonni''.<br />
<br />
He washes himself: ''Han jipehi.''<br />
<br />
They wore up in a hurry: ''Hannu dunese tapukeeheshi''. (eehe is often pronounced “ppe” in the spoken language > tapukeppeshi)<br />
<br />
(due to the repetitive eehe in reflexive verbs in the 3rd plural conjugation, the ēheshi suffix often gets contracted to ppēs, especially in spoken Izaki: “(Hannu) Dunese tapukeppes.”)<br />
<br />
=== Dative suffix ===<br />
The dative suffixes can be attached at the end of the verb. Notice the changes when the verb conjugation ends by consonant. <br />
<br />
He gives me some presents: ''Han kappareita tsotana.'' <br />
<br />
Sanna sent you her ring: ''Sanna tamūhe ronusa''.<br />
<br />
They killed him: ''Hannu sazokeeha''.<br />
<br />
=== Possessing function ===<br />
To express sentences such as “I have something”, the pronoun must be changed in the possessor tense, which is as follow: <br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Standard form'''<br />
|'''Possessing form'''<br />
|-<br />
|Nai 𖭑꜉<br />
|Nara 𖭑𖬬<br />
|-<br />
|Sai 𖬖꜉<br />
|Sara 𖬖𖬬<br />
|-<br />
|Han 𖬨ᐢ<br />
|Hara 𖬨𖬬<br />
|-<br />
|Naiin 𖭑꜉⸠ᐢ<br />
|Naira 𖭑꜉𖬬<br />
|-<br />
|Saiin 𖬖꜉⸠ᐢ<br />
|Saira 𖬖꜉𖬬<br />
|-<br />
|Hannu 𖬨ⲅ𖭑𐐢<br />
|Hanara 𖬨𖭑𖬬<br />
|}<br />
<u>Structure</u>: Pronoun in possessor form, owned object (nominative), to be verb (conjugated according to the number of the owned thing(s)).<br />
<br />
I have a bicycle: ''<u>Nara</u> jityensha yo. (''𖭑𖬬 自轉車 ꓩ𖬮)<br />
<br />
She has many clothes: ''<u>Hara</u> tasuin chuneen yohan.'' (𖬨𖬬 多𖬮ᛁᐢ 衣⸠ᐢ ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ.)<br />
<br />
You don’t have any pride: ''<u>Saira</u> nashehen euna yona.'' (𖬖꜉𖬬 什⸠ᐢ 誇 ꓩ𖬮𖭑.)<br />
<br />
For nouns different than the personal pronoun, dative case shall be used for the person/object who owns something:<br />
<br />
Kaoto has two cars: ''Kaoto<u>i</u> takamaan kanki yohan.'' (敢斗𖬮ᛁ 車⸠ᐢ 2基 ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ.)<br />
<br />
Has your teacher got a girlfriend? ''Hagiuppaya<u>i</u>se nattaiko yoreka?'' <br />
<br />
= Prepositions of place =<br />
Rule: change the name in the '''genitive''' case, followed by the position particle in '''essive''' case<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+Main prepositions of place '''(位置後付詞)'''<br />
!Meaning<br />
!Izaki<br />
!Writing<br />
!Example (with the words “table” (sawohi) and “” (house)<br />
|-<br />
|In front<br />
|adae<br />
|向<br />
|sawohin adaes<br />
|-<br />
|Behind<br />
|odae<br />
|後<br />
|sawohin odaes<br />
|-<br />
|On<br />
|uino<br />
|上<br />
|sawohin uinos<br />
|-<br />
|Over<br />
|swori<br />
|𐩪𖬖𖬬ᛁ<br />
|sawohin sworis<br />
|-<br />
|Under<br />
|teano<br />
|下<br />
|sawohin teanos<br />
|-<br />
|Below<br />
|kauri<br />
|𖬭'𐐢𖬬ᛁ<br />
|sawohin kauris<br />
|-<br />
|Next to<br />
|muje<br />
|横<br />
|sawohin mujes<br />
|-<br />
|Inside<br />
|juitte<br />
|中<br />
|futagan juittes<br />
|-<br />
|Outside<br />
|toku<br />
|外<br />
|futagan togus<br />
|-<br />
|Nearby<br />
|haikan<br />
|近ᐢ<br />
|futagan haikanus<br />
|-<br />
|Far from<br />
|nantan<br />
|遠ᐢ<br />
|futagan nantanus<br />
|}<br />
<br />
= Verbs =<br />
All izaki verbs, in the "dictionary form" end by -su (𖬖𐐢), and the part preceding it is the verb stem. <br />
<br />
Verbs are conjugated according to the 6 pronouns and in 5 different basic tenses: ''present, simple past, perfect, future,'' and ''hypothetic.'' <br />
<br />
Before other verb forms can be made one must first take off the infinitive ending from the stem, to which other endings are then added, cf. yuka/su ‘(to) think’ : yuka/ma/n ‘I will think’, yuka/ttu ‘thought’. <br />
<br />
Some verbs have more than one stem, in which case one is formed from the other, e.g. i/su ‘(to) go’ : ike/n ‘I go’ and e/su ‘(to) come’ : ere/n ‘I come’. <br />
<br />
Consonant weakening may affect secondary verbs stems, and we will see the rules in this chapter; e.g. nugi/su ‘(to) clean’ : nuki/n ’I clean‘ (consonant gradation) <br />
<br />
== Verb to be (yosu, ꓩ𖬮𖬖𐐢) ==<br />
''Yosu'' verb is the most important one in Izaki language, as it is needed to create sentences like “subject” is “copula”, or for existence sentences, such as “there is something”. <br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|Personal Pr.<br />
|'''Present'''<br />
|Ing. equivalent<br />
|'''Present neg.'''<br />
|'''Simple past'''<br />
|Ing. equivalent<br />
|'''Simple past neg.'''<br />
|'''Perfect'''<br />
|Ing. equivalent<br />
|'''Perfect neg.'''<br />
|'''Future'''<br />
|Ing. equivalent<br />
|'''Future neg.'''<br />
|-<br />
|Nai<br />
|yo'''n''' (ꓩ𖬮ᐢ)<br />
|I am<br />
|yo'''nan'''<br />
|yo'''in'''<br />
|I was<br />
|yo'''nain'''<br />
|yo'''len'''<br />
|I have been<br />
|yo'''nalen'''<br />
|yo'''man'''<br />
|I will be<br />
|yo'''naman'''<br />
|-<br />
|Sai<br />
|yo'''s''' (ꓩ𖬮ᒢ)<br />
|You are<br />
|yo'''nas'''<br />
|yo'''is'''<br />
|You were<br />
|yo'''nais'''<br />
|yo'''les'''<br />
|You have been<br />
|yo'''nales'''<br />
|yo'''mas'''<br />
|You will be<br />
|yo'''namas'''<br />
|-<br />
|Han<br />
|yo (ꓩ𖬮)<br />
|He/She/it is<br />
|yo'''na'''<br />
|yo'''i'''<br />
|He/she/it was<br />
|yo'''nai'''<br />
|yo'''le'''<br />
|He/she/it has been<br />
|yo'''nale'''<br />
|yo'''ma'''<br />
|He/she/it will be<br />
|yo'''nama'''<br />
|-<br />
|Naiin <br />
|yo'''nne''' (ꓩ𖬮ⲅ𖭑ɭ)<br />
|We are<br />
|yo'''nanne'''<br />
|yo'''inne'''<br />
|We were<br />
|yo'''nainne'''<br />
|yo'''lenne'''<br />
|We have been<br />
|yo'''nalenne'''<br />
|yo'''manne'''<br />
|We will be<br />
|yo'''namanne'''<br />
|-<br />
|Saiin<br />
|yo'''sse''' (ꓩ𖬮𖬖𖬳ɭ)<br />
|You are<br />
|yo'''nasse'''<br />
|yo'''isse'''<br />
|You were<br />
|yo'''naisse'''<br />
|yo'''lesse'''<br />
|You have been<br />
|yo'''nalesse'''<br />
|yo'''masse'''<br />
|You will be<br />
|yo'''namasse'''<br />
|-<br />
|Hannu<br />
|yo'''han''' (ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ)<br />
|They are<br />
|yo'''nahan'''<br />
|yo'''ihan'''<br />
|They were<br />
|yo'''naihan'''<br />
|yo'''lehan'''<br />
|They have been<br />
|yo'''nalehan'''<br />
|yo'''mahan'''<br />
|They will be<br />
|yo'''namahan'''<br />
|}<br />
As one can see, the conjugation rule is easy: '''-n''' for the first person, '''-s''' for the second, just the verb stem for the third. <br />
<br />
For the plural pronouns, you add “'''-nne'''” for “we”, “'''-sse'''” for you (plural), and “'''-han'''” for they.<br />
<br />
To create the negative form, just add “na” after the stem, and conjugate accordingly.<br />
<br />
For the simple past, add the past theme “i” after the stem, for the simple past negative, add “nai”, for the perfect add "le", and for the future add "ma" (note that the negative stem "na" has the priority in closeness to the verb stem when other suffixes are added). <br />
<br />
<br />
''Example sentences''<br />
<br />
I am a man ( I - man - am): ''Nai suto yon'' (我ᛁ 男 ꓩ𖬮ᐢ)<br />
<br />
They are doctors. (They - doctor - s - are) ''Hannu satsaan yohan.'' (他ⲅ𖭑𐐢 博⸠ᐢ ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ)<br />
<br />
There was a bird in the house. (House - in - bird - was) ''Futagas fuwo yoi.'' (舎ᒢ 鳥 ꓩ𖬮ᛁ)<br />
<br />
<br />
For the formal form of the verb, used when talking about yourself, or in general, to people who are not your acquaintances, or in situations requiring medium formality, the suffix “ra” (𖬬) has to be added before the person ending. <br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|Personal Pr.<br />
|'''Present'''<br />
|'''Present negative'''<br />
|'''Simple past'''<br />
|'''Simple past negative'''<br />
|-<br />
|Nai<br />
|yora'''n'''<br />
|yo'''naran'''<br />
|yo'''iran'''<br />
|yo'''nairan'''<br />
|-<br />
|Sai<br />
|yora'''s'''<br />
|yo'''naras'''<br />
|yo'''iras'''<br />
|yo'''nairas'''<br />
|-<br />
|Han<br />
|yora<br />
|yo'''nara'''<br />
|yo'''ira'''<br />
|yo'''naira'''<br />
|-<br />
|Naiin<br />
|yora'''nne'''<br />
|yo'''naranne'''<br />
|yo'''iranne'''<br />
|yo'''nairanne'''<br />
|-<br />
|Saiin<br />
|yora'''sse'''<br />
|yo'''narasse'''<br />
|yo'''irasse'''<br />
|yo'''nairasse'''<br />
|-<br />
|Hannu<br />
|yora'''han'''<br />
|yo'''narahan'''<br />
|yo'''irahan'''<br />
|yo'''nairahan'''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
''Example sentences''<br />
<br />
I am a teacher (formal): ''Nai hagiuppaya yoran''. (我ᛁ 教𖬮𐐢𖬇𖬳者 ꓩ𖬮𖬬ᐢ)<br />
<br />
Are you a researcher?: ''Kisai kenkyunsha yoraska?'' (貴你ᛁ 研究者 ꓩ𖬮𖬬ᒢ𖬭?)<br />
<br />
<br />
The aspect suffixes seen so far observe the following preferential order: (stem)-na-(aspect suffix)-ra-(personal ending)-ka<br />
<br />
== Other verbs ==<br />
Izaki verbs can be divided in three groups, according to their ending:<br />
<br />
# Ending by CV + su ('''Group 1''') (as ''ka<u>da</u>su, na<u>ko</u>su, shi<u>ro</u>su'' etc...)<br />
# Ending by VV + su ('''Group 2''') (as ''m<u>oa</u>su, <u>ei</u>su, jing<u>oa</u>su'' etc...)<br />
# Ending by consonant (n, s, l, r, k, h) + su ('''Group 3''') (as ''ode<u>n</u>su, kichoa<u>r</u>su, ma<u>h</u>su,'' etc...)<br />
<br />
=== Present tense ===<br />
<br />
==== Group 1 ====<br />
Verbs of this group always end with -asu, -esu, -isu, -osu, -usu. The vowel before “su” is always a short vowel. <br />
<br />
Note that verbs show a phenomenon similar to that of the nouns' sonorization. In this case, the last consonant before the suffix -su, if a sonorant consonant (g, b, d, z, zh, dz, j), becomes voiceless (k, p, t, s, sh, ts, ch). <br />
<br />
This phenomenon is called "purification" (清音化, ''seionkwa''). See how the following verbs' stem changes accordingly (this is called "weak stem" 弱体 (''zhakuche'')): <br />
<br />
* kadasu (to arrive) kada → ka'''t'''a- <br />
* nugisu (to clean) nugi → nu'''k'''i- <br />
* nebusu (to cook) nebu → ne'''p'''u- <br />
* dagasu (to cut) daga → da'''k'''a- <br />
* sebusu (to finish) sebu → se'''p'''u- <br />
* gindasu (to put) ginda → gin'''t'''a- <br />
* rigusu (to run) rigu → ri'''k'''u- <br />
* wazasu (to divide) waza → wa'''s'''a- <br />
<br />
However, these kind of verbs have two kind of stem: a weak one (which sees this phenomenon) and a strong one (where the sonorant consonant does not change). In general, the weak stem is used to make the simple present, the simple past and the hypotetic tenses, while the strong stem is used to make perfect, future, situative, and participle.<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|<br />
|''To get up''<br />
|''To fly''<br />
|''To speak''<br />
|''To run''<br />
|''To ask''<br />
|-<br />
|Personal Pr.<br />
|'''Tashidosu'''<br />
|'''Nulbisu'''<br />
|'''Rihtasu'''<br />
|'''Rigusu'''<br />
|'''Kieresu'''<br />
|-<br />
|''Nai''<br />
|tashiton<br />
|nulbin<br />
|rihtan<br />
|rikun<br />
|kieren<br />
|-<br />
|''Sai''<br />
|tashitos<br />
|nulbis<br />
|rihtas<br />
|rikus<br />
|kieres<br />
|-<br />
|''Han''<br />
|tashito<br />
|nulbi<br />
|rihta<br />
|riku<br />
|kiere<br />
|-<br />
|''Naiin''<br />
|tashitonne<br />
|nulbinne<br />
|rihtanne<br />
|rikunne<br />
|kierenne<br />
|-<br />
|''Saiin''<br />
|tashitosse<br />
|nulbisse<br />
|rihtasse<br />
|rikusse<br />
|kieresse<br />
|-<br />
|''Hannu''<br />
|tashitohan<br />
|nulbihan<br />
|rihtahan<br />
|rikuhan<br />
|kierehan<br />
|}<br />
You can notice the personal pronoun endings:<br />
<br />
# -n<br />
# -s<br />
# verb stem (just drop “su”, and apply the weak stem, if applicable)<br />
# -nne<br />
# -sse<br />
# -han<br />
<br />
<br />
''Example sentences''<br />
<br />
She speaks Izaki: ''Han izakii rihta''. (彼 華邦語⸠ 話𖬁)<br />
<br />
We run to our house. ''Naiin futakarnehe rigunne''. (我ᛁ⸠ᐢ 舎ᣗ𖭑ɭ𖬨ɭ 走𖬭𖬰𐐢ⲅ𖭑ɭ)<br />
<br />
Mr. Rihasamo asks (to her) her name. ''Rihasamo tana nakoriihe kierera,'' (高山 殿 名ᛁ⸠𖬨ɭ 尋𖬬ɭ𖬬)<br />
<br />
==== Group 2 ====<br />
Verbs of this group always end by -asu, -esu, -isu, -osu, -usu. Before the suffix “su” there is a long vowel or two vowels. The present tense is basically the same as the group 1.<br />
<br />
Note that these verbs only have strong stems (no consonant degradation happens)<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|<br />
|''To drink''<br />
|''To hit''<br />
|''To rotate''<br />
|''To open''<br />
|''To start''<br />
|-<br />
|Personal Pr.<br />
|'''Eisu'''<br />
|'''Seosu'''<br />
|'''Minbaesu'''<br />
|'''Muiyasu'''<br />
|'''Pwikausu'''<br />
|-<br />
|''Nai''<br />
|Ein<br />
|seon<br />
|minbaen<br />
|muiyan<br />
|pwikaun<br />
|-<br />
|''Sai''<br />
|Eis<br />
|seos<br />
|minbaes<br />
|muiyas<br />
|pwikaus<br />
|-<br />
|''Han''<br />
|Ei<br />
|seo<br />
|minbae<br />
|muiya<br />
|pwikau<br />
|-<br />
|''Naiin''<br />
|Einne<br />
|seonne<br />
|minbaenne<br />
|muiyanne<br />
|pwikaunne<br />
|-<br />
|''Saiin''<br />
|Eisse<br />
|seosse<br />
|minbaesse<br />
|muiyasse<br />
|pwikausse<br />
|-<br />
|''Hannu''<br />
|Eihan<br />
|seohan<br />
|minbaehan<br />
|muiyahan<br />
|pwikauhan<br />
|}<br />
You can notice the personal pronoun endings:<br />
<br />
# -n<br />
# -s<br />
# verb stem (no suffix)<br />
# -nne<br />
# -sse<br />
# -han<br />
<br />
<br />
''Example sentences''<br />
<br />
Who opens the window? ''Naga tekaa muiyaraka?'' (誰 窓⸠ 開𐭘𖬮𖬬𖬭)<br />
<br />
When do you start the game? ''Estin appii pwikauraska?'' (𖬮ɭᒢ𖬁ᛁᐢ 娯⸠ 始𖬮𐐢𖬬ᒢ𖬭)<br />
<br />
They rotate the handle. ''Hannu rimeroo minbaerahan.'' (他ⲅ𖭑𐐢 舵⸠ 回𖬮ɭ𖬬𖬨ᐢ)<br />
<br />
==== Group 3 ====<br />
The verbs in this group end by "-su", preceded by a consonant that usually is n, s, and sometimes h, k (rare), l, r. To conjugate this group verbs, it is necessary to check which vowel comes before the consonant, and apply the vowel transition pattern. See how the stems change in the examples<br />
<br />
# Last vowel before Csu a: becomes '''ye''' (eg: kichoarsu → kichoarye-)<br />
# Last vowel before Csu e: becomes '''i''' (remember that "si" sound becomes "shi") ()<br />
# Last vowel before Csu i: becomes '''o''' (eh: jīssu → jīsso-)<br />
# Last vowel before Csu o: becomes '''u''' (eg: lendonsu → lendonnu-)<br />
# Last vowel before Csu u: becomes '''a''' (eg: sonomulsu → sonomulla-)<br />
<br />
According to the ending of the verb, each sub-type has the following last stem consonant changes:<br />
<br />
# '''-assu/essu/ossu/ussu''' verbs: asse/esshi/ossu/ussa + personal pronoun endings<br />
# -'''issu''' verbs: isshi + personal pronoun endings <sup>1</sup><br />
# -'''V<u>ns</u>u''' verbs: V<u>nn</u>V + personal pronoun endings<br />
# -'''Vhsu''' verbs: V<u>pp</u>V + personal pronoun endings <br />
# -'''Vlsu''' verbs: V<u>ll</u>V + personal pronoun endings <br />
# -'''Vksu''' verbs: V<u>kk</u>V + personal pronoun endings <sup>2</sup><br />
# -'''Vrsu''' verbs: V<u>ry</u>V + personal pronoun endings <br />
<br />
<nowiki>*</nowiki> V: vowel<br />
<br />
1: -issu verbs, such as ''ogissu'' (to complain) change their stem into "ogissa-" (ogissan, ogissas, ogissa...)<br />
<br />
2: -ersu verbs, such as ''numersu'' (to tow) change their stem into "numerī-" (numerīn, numerīs, numerī...)<br />
<br />
The personal pronoun endings are the same as the other types<br />
<br />
# -n<br />
# -s<br />
# only conjugation stem (the most intuitive way is to cut “-n” from the first person)<br />
# h+verb stem last vowel+n<br />
# h+verb stem last vowel+s<br />
# h+verb stem last vowel<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|<br />
|''To push''<br />
|''To try''<br />
|''To twist''<br />
|''To listen''<br />
|''To scrub''<br />
|''To convince''<br />
|''To paint''<br />
|-<br />
|Pers. Pr.<br />
|'''Jissu'''<br />
|'''Tsurahsu'''<br />
|'''Yokansu'''<br />
|'''Odensu'''<br />
|'''Tederiksu'''<br />
|'''Sonomulsu'''<br />
|'''Kichoarsu'''<br />
|-<br />
|''Nai''<br />
|jisshon<br />
|tsurappen<br />
|yokannen<br />
|odennin<br />
|tederikkon<br />
|sonomullan<br />
|kichoaryen<br />
|-<br />
|''Sai''<br />
|jisshos<br />
|tsurappes<br />
|yokannes<br />
|odennis<br />
|tederikkos<br />
|sonomullas<br />
|kichoaryes<br />
|-<br />
|''Han''<br />
|jissho<br />
|tsurappe<br />
|yokanne<br />
|odenni<br />
|tederikko<br />
|sonomulla<br />
|kichoarye<br />
|-<br />
|''Naiin''<br />
|jisshonne<br />
|tsurappenne<br />
|yokannenne<br />
|odenninne<br />
|tederikkonne<br />
|sonomullanne<br />
|kichoaryenne<br />
|-<br />
|''Saiin''<br />
|jisshosse<br />
|tsurappesse<br />
|yokannesse<br />
|odennisse<br />
|tederikkoisse<br />
|sonomullasse<br />
|kichoaryesse<br />
|-<br />
|''Hannu''<br />
|Jisshohan<br />
|tsurappehan<br />
|yokannehan<br />
|odennihan<br />
|tederikkohan<br />
|sonomullahan<br />
|kichoaryehan<br />
|}<br />
''Example sentences''<br />
<br />
She listens to the new track. ''Han suyon kyukuu odenni.'' (她 新ᐢ 曲⸠ 聴ⲅ𖭑ᛁ.)<br />
<br />
We paint the back of the house. ''Naiin futagan odae kichoaryenne.'' (我⸠ᐢ 家ᐢ 後 塗ꓶ𖬬ⲅ𖭑ɭ.)<br />
<br />
I change my child's diaper. ''Nai mitogonne hucharii puhannen.'' (我 子ᐢ𖭑ɭ 𖬨𐐢𖬐𖬬ᛁ⸠ 変ⲅ𖭑ɭᐢ.)<br />
<br />
==== Irregular verbs ====<br />
The following verbs, as they have an alternate stem, have an apparently irregular conjugation pattern:<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|<br />
|''To go''<br />
|''To come''<br />
|''To do''<br />
|-<br />
|Pers. Pr.<br />
|'''Isu'''<br />
|'''Esu'''<br />
|'''Tesu'''<br />
|-<br />
|''Nai''<br />
|iken<br />
|eren<br />
|teken<br />
|-<br />
|''Sai''<br />
|ikes<br />
|eres<br />
|tekes<br />
|-<br />
|''Han''<br />
|ike<br />
|ere<br />
|teke<br />
|-<br />
|''Naiin''<br />
|ikenne<br />
|erenne<br />
|tekenne<br />
|-<br />
|''Saiin''<br />
|ikesse<br />
|eresse<br />
|tekesse<br />
|-<br />
|''Hannu''<br />
|ikehan<br />
|erehan<br />
|tekehan<br />
|}<br />
=== Negative stem ===<br />
By changing part of the verb suffix, you can create the negative form of the verb.<br />
<br />
Yosu (to be) verb: yonasu (add “na” (無, but usually written as 𖭑) between the stem and the ending). This suffix tends to be in the closest position to the verb stem (weak stem if applicable), before other aspect suffixes. However in certain context, to emphatise a particular nuance in the speech, the order can be changed. <br />
<br />
Examples: <br />
<br />
I sleep: Nai luman; I don't sleep: Nai lumanan - I can sleep: Nai lumadan; I can't sleep: Nai luma'''na'''dan or Nai lumada'''na'''n (the previous form is preferred)<br />
<br />
==== Group 1: ====<br />
Tashidosu > tashitonasu (tashitonan, tashitonas, tashitona…)<br />
<br />
Rihtasu > Rihtanasu (rihtanan, rihtanas, rihtana...)<br />
<br />
Rigusu > Rikunasu (rikunan, rikunas, rikuna…)<br />
<br />
==== Group 2 ====<br />
Eisu > Einasu (einan, einas, eina…)<br />
<br />
Seosu > Seonasu (seonan, seonas, seona…)<br />
<br />
Muiyasu > Muiyanasu (muiyanan, muiyanas, muiyana....)<br />
<br />
Rule: for both groups 1 and 2 verbs, to create the negative stem, just add “na” before the -su ending, and conjugate the new verb as a group 1 verb.<br />
<br />
==== Group 3 ====<br />
Jissu > Jisanasu (jisanan, jisanas, jisana…)<br />
<br />
Tehossu > Tehosanasu (tehosanan, tehosanas, tehosana)<br />
<br />
Tsurahsu> Tsurahnasu (tsurahnan, tsurahnas, tsurahna...)<br />
<br />
Muppuhsu> Muppuhnasu (muppuhnan, muppuhnas, muppuhna…)<br />
<br />
Yokansu > Yokannasu (yokannan, yokannas, yokanna...)<br />
<br />
Chozinsu > Chozinnasu (choziwanan, choziwanas, choziwana…)<br />
<br />
Tederiksu > Tederīnasu (tederīnan, tederīnas, tederīna…)<br />
<br />
Bakkomaksu > Bakkomānasu (bakkomānan, bakkomānas, bakkomāna…)<br />
<br />
Sonomulsu > Sonomūnasu (sonomūnan, sonomūnas, sonomūna…)<br />
<br />
Nyukilsu > Nyukīnasu (nyukīnan, nyukīnas, nyukīna…)<br />
<br />
Kichoarsu > Kichoānasu (kichoānan, kichoānas, kichoāna...)<br />
<br />
Otarsu > Otānasu (otānan, otānas, otāna…)<br />
<br />
<br />
See here the rule in detail:<br />
<br />
- ssu verbs: insert “ana” between the -s ending stem and the -su suffix. In this case, the negative infix is always “ana”, regardless of the last stem vowel<br />
<br />
- hsu verbs: just add “na” between h and -su suffix.<br />
<br />
- nsu verbs: just add “na” between n and -su suffix<br />
<br />
-ksu/lsu/rsu verbs: remove k/l/r, prolong the previous vowel and add “na” before the -su suffix<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
| colspan="2" |'''Verb group'''<br />
|'''Negative particle'''<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="2" |''Group 1''<br />
|na (𖭑)<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="2" |''Group 2''<br />
|na (𖭑)<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="4" |''Group 3''<br />
|<nowiki>-ssu verbs</nowiki><br />
|ana (𖬮𖭑)<br />
|-<br />
|<nowiki>- hsu verbs</nowiki><br />
|na (𖭑)<br />
|-<br />
|<nowiki>- nsu verbs</nowiki><br />
|na (𖭑)<br />
|-<br />
|<nowiki>- ksu/lsu/rsu verbs</nowiki><br />
|long vowel + na (⸠𖭑)<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Conjunctions ==<br />
Being Izaki an agglutinative language, most of the conjunctions tend to be enclitic particles or suffixes directly attached after nouns and verbs.<br />
<br />
=== Coordinating conjunctions ===<br />
Coordinating conjunctions connect words which are the same grammatical type, e.g. words, phrases, clauses. The most common ones are and, or, but.<br />
* ''Ta (𖬁)'' - and<br />
<br />
I like rice and fish. ''Nakai konu ta miwee shintaha.'' (𖭑𖬭꜉ 米 𖬁 魚 好𖬨.)<br />
<br />
* ''Konae (或𖭑'ɭ)'' - or<br />
<br />
Do you want tea or coffee? (tea or coffee, which one do you desire?) ''Cha konae kofi, sone pinnaraska?'' (茶 或𖭑'ɭ 珈琲, 𖬖ᐤ𖭑ɭ 望𖬬ᒢ𖬭?)<br />
<br />
* ''Estin (𖬮ɭᒢ𖬁ᛁᐢ)'' - when<br />
<br />
When is your birthday? ''Oryukatose estin (yo)ka? ()''<br />
<br />
* ''Baki'' (𖬇𖬰𖬭ᛁ) - but<br />
<br />
I can speak Izaki but I can not speak Angerish. ''Izakigō rihtamin baki angerigō rihtaminan''. (華那語𐐞 話可𐐊 但 𐐀𐐊ꓙ𐐠𐐁𐐂𐐓語𐐞 話可無𐐊.)<br />
<br />
* ''Tokkai'' (𖬁ᐤ𖬘𖬳'ᛁ) - although<br />
<br />
Although she had arrived late, there was nobody. ''Han naronke kati tokkai, nagahen yonai. (𖬨ᐢ 晩ᐢ𖬭ɭ 着𖬁ᛁ 𖬁ᐤ𖬘𖬳'ᛁ, 誰𖬨ɭᐢ ꓩ𖬮𖭑꜉.)''<br />
<br />
=== Subordinating conjunctions ===<br />
A subordinating conjunction is a word or phrase that links a dependent clause to an independent clause.<br />
* ''Waste (𐩬𖬮ᒢ𖬁ɭ)'' - because <br />
<br />
Because there are too many people here, let's go to another place. ''Tochi tamatoha tasugureha waste, uren tolor iketān.'' (此𖬐ᛁ 人𖬨 多過𖬬ɭ𖬨 故ᒢ𖬁ɭ, 別ᐢ 所ᣗ 行𖬭ɭ𖬁⸠ᐢ.)<br />
<br />
* ''Nade (𖭑𖬒𖬰ɭ)'' - whenever<br />
<br />
Whenever I am in Warohan I always get a fresh pineapple juice. ''Nai Warohannas yon nade, estinden karusugushirū moansen<sup>1</sup>''. (𖭑꜉ 深灣𖭑''ᒢ'' ꓩ𖬮ᐢ 𖭑𖬒𖬰ɭ, 𖬮ɭᒢ𖬁ᛁᐢ𖬒𖬰ɭᐢ 松檎汁⸠ 買ᐢ𖬖ɭᐢ.)<br />
<br />
<sup>1</sup> ''sen'': emphatic particle added after verbs with nuance of exclamation<br />
<br />
== Demonstratives ==<br />
In Izaki language there are three main relationships, marked by a theme (singular / plural): <br />
<br />
# Close to the speaker: “to” (𖬁ᐤ) / “toi” (𖬁ᐤᛁ)<br />
# Close to the listener: “so” (𖬖ᐤ) / “soi” (𖬖ᐤᛁ)<br />
# Far from both the speaker and the listener: “cho” (𖬐ᐤ) / “choi” (𖬐ᐤᛁ)<br />
<br />
<br />
The pronominal form (so, when a noun follows) , the demonstrative marker is followed by the suffix -na:<br />
{|<br />
|This is a cat.<br />
''Tona shinna yo.''<br />
<br />
𖬁ᐤ𖭑 猫 ꓩ𖬮.<br />
|Sona teshiki<br />
''That’s difficult.''<br />
<br />
𖬖ᐤ𖭑 難𖬭ᛁ.<br />
|That (one) is my friend. <br />
''Chona teikaoni yo.''<br />
<br />
𖬐ᐤ𖭑 友𖭑ᛁ ꓩ𖬮.<br />
|-<br />
|These are cats<br />
''Toina shinnān yohan.''<br />
<br />
𖬁ᐤᛁ𖭑 猫⸠ᐢ ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ.<br />
|Those are difficult<br />
''Soina teshikihan.''<br />
<br />
𖬖ᐤᛁ𖭑 難𖬭ᛁ𖬨ᐢ.<br />
|Those (ones) are my friends.<br />
''Choina teikaōnni yohan.''<br />
<br />
𖬐ᐤᛁ𖭑 友⸠ⲅ𖭑ᛁ ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
The adjectival form instead is attached at the ending of the word:<br />
{|<br />
|This cat is white.<br />
''Shinnato chara.''<br />
<br />
猫𖬁ᐤ 白.<br />
|That pencil is mine.<br />
''Enpisso naiyo yora.''<br />
<br />
鉛筆𖬖ᐤ 𖭑꜉ꓩ𖬮 ꓩ𖬮𖬬.<br />
|That friend lives in Riyatoma.<br />
''Teikaocho Riyatomas paera.''<br />
<br />
友𖬐ᐤ <bdi>追庥ᒢ</bdi> 住𖬬.<br />
|-<br />
|These cats are white.<br />
''Shinnaāntoi charahan.''<br />
<br />
猫⸠ᐢ𖬁ᐤᛁ 白𖬨ᐢ.<br />
|Those pencils are mine.<br />
''Enpisshisoi naiyo yorahan.''<br />
<br />
鉛筆𖬖ᐤᛁ 𖭑꜉ꓩ𖬮 ꓩ𖬮𖬬𖬨ᐢ.<br />
|Those friends live in Riyatoma.<br />
''Teikaōnchoi Riyatomas paerahan.''<br />
<br />
友⸠ᐢ𖬐ᐤᛁ <bdi>追庥ᒢ</bdi> 住𖬬𖬨ᐢ.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Numerals ==<br />
===Cardinal numbers===<br />
Izaki language has two different numeral system: the native one, and the Bai-derived one.<br />
;Legend<br />
* Sūzhi (數字) - number<br />
* Kundoku (訓讀) - "kun" reading (indigenous reading prior to the Bai contamination, still used in many contexts)<br />
* Ēndoku (音讀) - "ēn" (Bai) reading (introduced in the 3rd century with the Bai characters, and main way of counting)<br />
* Daipo - shortened form (used when making compounds and with element counters that require the kun reading)<br />
* Byakuzhi (百字) - Ideogram (some numbers have more than one form)<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Sūzhi<br />
!Kundoku<br />
!Ēndoku<br />
!Daipo<br />
!Byakuzhi<br />
|-<br />
|0<br />
|dzèro / janna<br />
|ryen<br />
|<nowiki>-</nowiki><br />
|零<br />
|-<br />
|1<br />
|hatta<br />
|is<br />
|han-<br />
|壱/一<br />
|-<br />
|2<br />
|kana<br />
|ni<br />
|kan-<br />
|弐/二<br />
|-<br />
|3<br />
|shobe<br />
|san<br />
|sho-<br />
|参/三<br />
|-<br />
|4<br />
|tās<br />
|tsi<br />
|tās-<br />
|四<br />
|-<br />
|5<br />
|oriba<br />
|yo<br />
|ori-<br />
|五<br />
|-<br />
|6<br />
|tsonaha<br />
|nuku<br />
|tson-<br />
|六<br />
|-<br />
|7<br />
|doigi<br />
|chis<br />
|doi-<br />
|七<br />
|-<br />
|8<br />
|yeison<br />
|pas<br />
|yei-<br />
|八<br />
|-<br />
|9<br />
|taguken<br />
|ku<br />
|tak-/-taken<br />
|九<br />
|-<br />
|10<br />
|kiba<br />
|shū<br />
|kin-<br />
|拾/十<br />
|-<br />
|11<br />
|kinnan<br />
|shūis<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|12<br />
|kinkan<br />
|shūni<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|13<br />
|kinsho<br />
|shūsan<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|14<br />
|kintās<br />
|shūtsi<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|15<br />
|kinnori<br />
|shūyo<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|16<br />
|kintson<br />
|shūnuku<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|17<br />
|kindoi<br />
|shūchis<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|18<br />
|kinnyei<br />
|shūpas<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|19<br />
|kintaken<br />
|shūku<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|20<br />
|kankiba<br />
|nishū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|30<br />
|shokiba<br />
|sanshū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|40<br />
|tāskiba<br />
|tsishū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|50<br />
|orikiba<br />
|yoshū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|60<br />
|tsonkiba<br />
|nukushū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|70<br />
|doikiba<br />
|chisshū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|80<br />
|yeikiba<br />
|passhū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|90<br />
|takkiba<br />
|kushū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|100<br />
|rae<br />
|pyaku<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|532<br />
|ollaeshokibakan<br />
|yopyakusanshūni<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|1000<br />
|kitua<br />
|sen<br />
|kitu<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|8726<br />
|yeikitudoiraekankibatson<br />
|passenchispyaku-nishūnuku<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|10000<br />
| -<br />
|man<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|524.998<br />
| -<br />
|yoshūniman-passenkupyaku-kushūpas<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Ordinal numbers===<br />
There are two ways of making ordinal numbers:<br />
# Prefix 第~ (zhei)<br />
# Suffix ~番 (ban, or pan if the previous number ends by consonant)<br />
<br />
'Examples':<br />
* 第三回 Zheisanhwi (the third time)<br />
* 17番 Shūchispan (17th)<br />
<br />
=== Object counters ===<br />
<br />
To count specific object or people, special classificators have to be used together with a numbering system. Some of them prefer native Izaki numbers (shortened form) while some others prefer the Bai numerals. There is no rule, so it comes easier to rember each of them. <br />
<br />
;Main counters working with native numerals<br />
<br />
*Animals: nau 獣/𖭑'𐐢<br />
*Inanimate objects: gi 𖬭𖬰ᛁ<br />
*Plants: tare 植/𖬁𖬬ɭ<br />
*People: ri 人<br />
*Machines: ki 機<br />
*Books: tsul 冊/𖬑𐐢ᐡ<br />
*Drinks and cups: chae 杯<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Number<br />
!Animals<br />
!In. Obj.<br />
!People<br />
!Machine<br />
!Books<br />
!Drinks<br />
|-<br />
|1<br />
|hannau<br />
|hangi<br />
|hanli<br />
|hanki<br />
|hantsul<br />
|hanchae<br />
|-<br />
|2<br />
|kannau<br />
|kangi<br />
|kanli<br />
|kanki<br />
|kantsul<br />
|kanchae<br />
|-<br />
|3<br />
|shonau<br />
|shogi<br />
|shori<br />
|shoki<br />
|shotsuk<br />
|shochae<br />
|-<br />
|4<br />
|tāsnau<br />
|tāski<br />
|tāsli<br />
|tāski<br />
|tāhsul<br />
|tāschae<br />
|-<br />
|5<br />
|orinau<br />
|origi<br />
|oriri<br />
|oriki<br />
|oritsul<br />
|orichae<br />
|-<br />
|6<br />
|tsonnau<br />
|tsonaki<br />
|tsonari<br />
|tsonaki<br />
|tsonatsul<br />
|tsonachae<br />
|-<br />
|7<br />
|doinau<br />
|doiki<br />
|doiri<br />
|doiki<br />
|doitsul<br />
|doichae<br />
|-<br />
|8<br />
|yeinau<br />
|yeiki<br />
|yeiri<br />
|yeiki<br />
|yeitsul<br />
|yeichae<br />
|-<br />
|9<br />
|tannau<br />
|takki<br />
|tanli<br />
|takki<br />
|tahtsul<br />
|tacchae<br />
|-<br />
|10<br />
|kinnau<br />
|kinki<br />
|kinli<br />
|kinki<br />
|kintsul<br />
|kinchae<br />
|-<br />
|11<br />
|shūinnau<br />
|shūiski<br />
|shūisli<br />
|shūiski<br />
|shūihsul<br />
|shūischae<br />
|}<br />
<br />
;Main counters working with Bai numerals<br />
<br />
* Times: hwi 回<br />
* Floors (in a building): sūn 層<br />
* Degrees: do 度<br />
* Number of days: nis 日<br />
* Flat objects: chān 張<br />
* Cylindrical objects, trains, movies: pon 本 <br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|Number<br />
|Times<br />
|Floors<br />
|Degrees<br />
|Days<br />
|Flat objects<br />
|Cylindric objects<br />
|-<br />
|1<br />
|isshwi<br />
|issūn<br />
|isto<br />
|isnis<br />
|ischān <br />
|ispon<br />
|-<br />
|2<br />
|nihwi<br />
|nisūn<br />
|nido<br />
|ninis<br />
|nichān <br />
|nipon<br />
|-<br />
|3<br />
|sanhwi<br />
|sansūn<br />
|sando<br />
|sannis<br />
|sanchān <br />
|sanbon<br />
|-<br />
|4<br />
|tsihwi<br />
|tsisūn<br />
|tsido<br />
|tsinis<br />
|tsichān <br />
|tsipon<br />
|-<br />
|5<br />
|yohwi<br />
|yosūn<br />
|yodo<br />
|yonis<br />
|yochān <br />
|yopon<br />
|-<br />
|6<br />
|nukkwi<br />
|nukusūn<br />
|nukudo<br />
|nukunis<br />
|nukuchān <br />
|nukupon<br />
|-<br />
|7<br />
|chisshwi<br />
|chissūn<br />
|chisto<br />
|chisnis<br />
|chischān <br />
|chispon<br />
|-<br />
|8<br />
|passhwi<br />
|passūn<br />
|pasto<br />
|pasnis<br />
|paschān <br />
|paspon<br />
|-<br />
|9<br />
|kuhwi<br />
|kusūn<br />
|kudo<br />
|kunis<br />
|kuchān <br />
|kupon<br />
|-<br />
|10<br />
|shūhwi<br />
|shūsūn<br />
|shūdo<br />
|shūnis<br />
|shūchān <br />
|shūpon<br />
|-<br />
|11<br />
|shūisshwi<br />
|shūissūn<br />
|shūisto<br />
|shūisnis<br />
|shūischān <br />
|shūispon<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Dates ===<br />
Typically the order for dates is YYYY-MM-DD. Dates are formulated with the number followed by 年(nyen), 月 (wes), 日 (nis). The numeral takes the Bai reading.<br />
<br />
* 1958年3月21日 : Senkupyakuyoshūpasnyen Sannwes Nishūisnis <br />
* 2023年6月10日: Nisennishūsannen Nukuwes Shūnis<br />
<br />
==== Days of the month====<br />
Days of the month also have an Izaki native form with the pure numerals (with some irregularities) tsofollowed by (日 / ka) until day 10 (after which, the Bay version takes over. When dates are complete (YYYY-MM-DD) the Bai reading is used, while the Izaki reading prevails when we need to mention just the day of the month in the middle of a conversation.<br />
<br />
* 1日 hanaka<br />
* 2日 kanaka<br />
* 3日 shobeka<br />
* 4日 tāska<br />
* 5日 oryeka<br />
* 6日 tsonahka<br />
* 7日 doikka / doigika<br />
* 8日 yeisonka<br />
* 9日 takugenka / tōkenka<br />
* 10日 kibaka<br />
<br />
==== Weekdays====<br />
* Monday: 月曜日 wesshonis<br />
* Tuesday: 火曜日 hayonis<br />
* Wednesday: 週中日 chujunis<br />
* Thursday: 木曜日 mukuyonis<br />
* Friday: 金曜日 kinnyonis<br />
* Saturday: 土曜日 toyonis<br />
* Sunday: 日曜日 nisshonis<br />
<br />
==== Months====<br />
In Izaki there are two versions to call the months: the Bai-imported one (the most used one), and the native Izaki one.<br />
<br />
;Bai Months<br />
* January: 一月 isswes<br />
* February: 二月 niwes<br />
* March: 三月 sannwes<br />
* April: 四月 tsiwes<br />
* May: 五月 yowes<br />
* June: 六月 nukuwes<br />
* July: 七月 chisswes<br />
* August: 八月 passwes<br />
* September: 九月 kuwes<br />
* October: 十月 shūwes<br />
* November: 十一月 shūisswes<br />
* December: 十二月 shūniwes<br />
<br />
==Adjectives==<br />
<br />
Adjectives in the Izaki language are essential for describing and modifying nouns. They can be categorized into two main groups: Verbal adjectives and substantive adjectives, each with its unique usage and conjugation rules.<br />
<br />
===Verbal Adjectives===<br />
Verbal adjectives in Izaki incorporate the copula within themselves, making them self-sufficient in sentences. These adjectives have their conjugation system and typically end with the suffix "na," which is always written in askaoza script. Here are some examples:<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+ Some adjectives and their opposites<br />
! Izaki!! Ingerish !! Izaki !! Ingerish <br />
|-<br />
| tepana || good || zushina || bad<br />
|-<br />
| rihana || tall || sosana || short<br />
|-<br />
| nuskana || wide || hyakona || narrow<br />
|-<br />
| kakuina || small || ōdana || large<br />
|-<br />
| pakkuna || red || || <br />
|-<br />
| satsona || blue || || <br />
|-<br />
| asatsana || difficult || issana || easy<br />
|-<br />
| nahana || beautiful || egutana || ugly<br />
|}<br />
<br />
When used in the predicative form, such as in sentences like "The house is big," these adjectives are placed at the end of the sentence, replacing the verb. The "na" suffix is removed, and additional suffixes, if required, can be added. For example:<br />
<br />
* ''The house is big (informal speech):'' Futaka ōda.<br />
* ''The house is big (formal speech):'' Futaka ōdara.<br />
<br />
Here, it's essential to conjugate the adjective according to the number and relationship of the subject:<br />
<br />
* ''I am tall:'' Nai rihan. (𖭑ᐟ𖭐 高ᐢ)<br />
* ''You are fast:'' Sai jakus. (𖬖ᐟ𖭐 速ᒢ)<br />
* ''Are we good?'' Naiha tepanneka? (𖭑ᐟ𖭐 良フ𖭑ɭ𖬭)<br />
* ''Those are cheap:'' Hannu waruhan. (𖬨フ𖭑𐐢 廉𖬨ᐢ)<br />
* ''The houses are big:'' Futakān ōdarahan. (舎։ᐢ 大𖬬𖬨ᐢ)<br />
<br />
However, ofter in informal spoken Izaki, it is possible to conjugate the adjective into the third singular person (which means, just dropping "na") even with plural nouns. <br />
<br />
Eg: The mountains are beautiful: ''Samōn naha'' (山։ᐢ 美)<br />
<br />
=== Substantival adjectives ===<br />
Substantival adjectives, on the other hand, require a verb to follow them when used in sentences. They don't incorporate the copula within themselves like verbal adjectives do.<br />
Usually, these adjectives are based on Bai compound words (so, to be read with "on" reading). Here are some examples:<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! Izaki !! Reading !! English<br />
|-<br />
| 簡単𖭑<br />
| kantanna<br />
| easy<br />
|-<br />
| 複雑𖭑<br />
| pukuzhasna<br />
| complicated<br />
|-<br />
| 便利𖭑<br />
| bīnlina<br />
| convenient<br />
|-<br />
| 不便𖭑 <br />
| fubīnna<br />
| inconvenient<br />
|-<br />
| 有名𖭑<br />
| yumeina || famous<br />
|-<br />
| 親切𖭑<br />
| shinsesna || kind<br />
|-<br />
| 不親切𖭑<br />
| fushinsesna || unkind<br />
|-<br />
| 人気𖭑<br />
| zhinkina || popular<br />
|-<br />
| 可能𖭑 <br />
| kanōnna<br />
| possible<br />
|-<br />
| 無理𖭑<br />
| murina<br />
| impossible<br />
|-<br />
| 大事𖭑<br />
| daishina<br />
| important<br />
|-<br />
| 些細𖭑 <br />
| sasaena<br />
| unimportant<br />
|-<br />
| 十分𖭑 <br />
| shūpunna<br />
| sufficient<br />
|-<br />
| 不足𖭑 <br />
| fusokuna<br />
| insufficient<br />
|}<br />
<br />
When in predicative tense, these adjectives need the verb "yosu" (to be) at their end.<br />
<br />
Eg. Your excuses are not sufficient. ''Ihisoīnse fusoku yorahan'' (事訳։ᐢ𖬖ɭ 不足 ꓩ𖬮𖬬𖬨ᐢ)<br />
<br />
==== Attributive Form ====<br />
When an adjective functions as a specifier for a noun, rather than as the predicate, it takes on an attributive form. In the present tense, this is done by adding a "-n" after the adjective stem. <br />
<br />
In the case of a plural noun, the suffix will be "-han." For example:<br />
<br />
* ''A fast train:'' Jakun dyensha.<br />
* ''A tall person:'' Rihan tamato.<br />
* ''A beautiful scenery:'' Nahan pūnkei.<br />
* ''A pretty expensive car:'' Sorei shumun zhidōnsha.<br />
* ''Good boys:'' Tepahan sertōn.<br />
<br />
Mastering adjectives in Izaki is crucial for effective communication and expression in this unique and beautiful language. <br />
<br />
Understanding the differences between verbal and substantival adjectives, as well as how adverbs can modify their meanings, is essential for fluency. <br />
<br />
Additionally, the attributive form allows for rich and descriptive expressions when specifying nouns.<br />
<br />
===Comparative and Superlative forms===<br />
Adjectives in comparative and superlative forms are used to compare and contrast the qualities or characteristics of nouns. <br />
<br />
The comparative form of an adjective is used to compare two or more nouns, indicating which one has a higher or lower degree of the quality described by the adjective.<br />
<br />
Examples:<br />
* She is taller than him. ''Hanno hanenti rihaebe'' (𖬨ᐢ女 𖬨𖭑ɭᐢ𖬣𖭐 高𖬒ɭ𖬡𖬰ɭ)<br />
* This book is more interesting than that one. ''Kinotso tsultsounti huunminakoube'' (冊𖬑ᐤ 冊𖬑ᐤ𖬒𐐢ᐢ𖬣𖭐 興味喚𐐢𖬡𖬰ɭ)<br />
<br />
The superlative form of an adjective is used to indicate the highest or lowest degree of the quality described by the adjective within a group or among all possibilities.<br />
<br />
Examples:<br />
* Mount Torahashi is the tallest mountain in Izaland. ''Torahashisan Izakin rihajin samo yora.'' (斗砢跖山 華邦ᐢ 高𖬥𖬰𖭐ᐢ 山 ꓩ𖬮𖬬.)<br />
* She is the most talented musician in the group. ''Hanno runomen yusainoonnajin onlakka yora'' (𖬨ᐢ女 団ᐢ 有才能𖭑𖬥𖬰𖭐ᐢ 音楽家 ꓩ𖬮𖬬)<br />
<br />
==Adverbs==<br />
<br />
In Izaki, adverbs play a significant role in modifying the meaning of adjectives and verbs. Here are some common adverbs in Izaki:<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+ Adverbial Modifiers in Izaki Language<br />
! Adverbial Modifier !! Izaki Term !! Example Sentences<br />
|-<br />
| Not particularly, not too much || nehkeu (𖭑ɭᐪ𖬭ɭ𐐢)<sup>1</sup> || This camera is not so good: ''Kamerata nehkeu tepana.''<br>His dog is not too heavy: ''Tentohe nehkeu dayana''.<br />
|-<br />
| Quite, pretty much || sorei (𖬖ᐤ𖬬ᥫ) || Sainđaul is quite expensive: ''Sainđaul sorei shumu''.<br>She is pretty tall: ''Hara shinchān sorei riha''.<br />
|-<br />
| A little, slightly || yaki (𝖩𖬮𖬭𖭐) || This PC is a bit slow: ''Dyennautso yaki naro''.<br />
|-<br />
| Really, absolutely || kelleri (𖬭ɭフ𖬈ɭ𖬬𖭐) || You are really beautiful: ''Sai kelleri nahas''.<br>We are really sorry: ''Nahu kelleri achaikanne''.<br />
|-<br />
| Extremely, notably || pisānnan (非常𖭑ᐢ) || This is an extremely difficult problem: ''Tsona pisānnan teshikin munðai yora''.<br />
|}<br />
* <sup>1</sup>: often used with negative form</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=User:Izaland_Terramorphing_Committee/Sandbox/Diplomatic_presence&diff=22828User:Izaland Terramorphing Committee/Sandbox/Diplomatic presence2024-03-07T02:20:20Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: </p>
<hr />
<div>This list tries to categorise all the Embassies located in Saindzaul. <br />
Soon I will try to add all the Izaki embassies built worldwide (if you notice and can add yours, I will be grateful!)<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" <br />
! Country<br />
! (in Izaki)<br />
! in Izaland<br />
! Abroad<br />
! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| {{Allendea}}<br />
| Allendea (𖬮𖬈𖬳ɭᐢ𖬒𖬰ɭ𖬮)<br />
| {{way|24049824|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|246486411|Catamia/Katamya''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Antharia}}<br />
| Antarya (𖬮ᐢ𖬁𐭘𖬬)<br />
| {{way|18981303|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|271408096|Borrodin/Borodīn ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Ambrosia}}<br />
| Anburozhi (𖬮ᐢ𖬇𖬰𐐢𖬬ᐤ𖬔𖬰ᛁ)<br />
| {{relation|266149|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|246952562|Port Ambroise/Pōtanburozhi ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Aorangea}}<br />
| Aorangea (𖬮'ᐤ𖬬ᐢ𖬭𖬰ɭ𖬮)<br />
| {{way|270252099|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Ardencia}}<br />
| Ardenshia (𖬮ᣗ𖬒𖬰ɭᐢ𖬔ᛁ𖬮)<br />
| {{way|24109301|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Artenia}}<br />
| Artenya (TBD)<br />
| {{way|329841294|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{way|329701532|Arténie-Ville ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Bai Empire}}<br />
| Taipyaku Chekuku (''Pyakkuku'')<br />
(大百帝國(百國))<br />
|{{way|25985986|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|273755185|Xiongjing'/Yūkei '(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Banuvia}}<br />
| Banuuvya (𖬡𖬰𖭑𐐢։𝖩𖬌𖬰)<br />
| {{node|TBD|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|345792018|Šarengrad/Sharenguradi ''(embassy)''}} <br />
|-<br />
| {{Barzona}}<br />
| Bartsona (𖬇𖬰ᣗ𖬑ᐤ𖭑)<br />
| {{node|246615106|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|246747784|Carante/Karante ''(embassy)''}} <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Novakia}}<br />
| Belguravya (𖬇𖬰ɭᐡ𖬭𖬰𐐢𖬬𐭘𖬌𖬰)<br />
| {{way|25870225|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Belphenia}}<br />
| Belfenya (𖬇𖬰ɭᐡ𖬌ɭ𐭘𖭑)<br />
| {{node|246609338|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Brasonia}}<br />
| Burasonya (𖬇𖬰𐐢𖬬𖬖ᐤ𐭘𖭑)<br />
| {{way|25870224|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{way|25869257|Campo Verde/Kanpoverde ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Canterra}}<br />
| Kantera<br />
| {{way|tbd|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{way|329619526|Nautecove ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Cinasia}}<br />
| Tukkwa Minkuku (''Tukkuku'')<br />
(徳華民國(徳國))<br />
| {{way|25041266|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{way|259489451|Yu-King/Yūnhūn ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Azure Coast}}<br />
| Kosta-Asul / Satsomaba<br />
𖬭ᐤᒢ𖬁 𖬮𖬖𐐢ᐡ/青浜<br />
| {{way|26503428|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|279000164|Tarjón/Taryon ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Demirhan Empire}}<br />
| Demirhan Chekuku (𖬒𖬰ɭ𖬊ᛁᣗ𖬨ᐢ帝國)<br />
|{{node|270393546|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{way|25907662|Tarsınar/Tarsunār ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{Deodeca}}<br />
| Deodeka (𖬒𖬰ɭᐤ𖬒𖬰ɭ𖬭)<br />
|{{node|TBD|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|280468893|Kingstown/Kīnsutaun ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{Dregovine}}<br />
| Duregovina (𖬒𖬰𐐢𖬬ɭ𖬭𖬰ᐤ𖬌𖬰ᛁ𖭑)<br />
|{{node|270252123|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{way|25079341|Litusava ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|-<br />
|{{Eelanti}}<br />
|Ēlandi (𖬮ɭ⸠𖬈ᐢ𖬒𖬰ᛁ)<br />
|{{node|2=Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|Suursari/Sūrsāri (embassy)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|{{Eicarl}}<br />
| Eikāl (𖬮ɭᛁ𖬭⸠ᐡ)<br />
|{{node|270177557|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Eshein}}<br />
| Eshēn (𖬮ɭ𖬔ɭ⸠ᐢ)<br />
| {{node|271347717|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br>{{node|271347925|Sannupuri ''(consulate)''}}<br />
| {{relation|349505|Noy Tyrrin/Nōityurin''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Federal States}}<br />
| Akazhuu Ryenpoonkuku<br />
(𖬮𖬭𖬔𖬰𐐢𖬮𐐢連邦國)<br />
| {{node|246609281|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br>{{node|270175614|Warohan ''(consulate)''}}<br />
|{{node|270174042|Huntington/Hantinton ''(embassy)''}}<br>{{relation|303898|Jundah/Janda ''(consulate)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Tamor}}<br />
| Tamor (---)<br />
|{{way|26662873|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|278328550|Fiskerlandstaed/Fiskallanstedu ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Freedemia}}<br />
| Jiyu-Furidemya (自由𖬌𐐢𖬬ᛁ𖬒𖬰ɭ𐭘𖬊)<br />
|{{node|225846761|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|231452074|Quentinsburgh/Kentinbā ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Geklinia-Dregolesia}}<br />
| Zhekulinya-Doregoleshia <br />
(𖬔𖬰ɭ𖬭𐐢𖬈ᛁ𐭘𖭑 - 𖬒𖬰ᐤ𖬬ɭ𖬭𖬰ᐤ𖬈ɭ𖬔ᛁ𖬮)<br />
| {{way|24897835|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|259063223|Dobrzanka/Doburuzanka ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Gobrassanya}}<br />
| Gohrassanya (𖬭𖬰ᐤᐪ𖬬𖬖𖬳𐭘𖭑)<br />
| {{way|25853521|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|246883348|Gobras City/Gōhrasshi ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Guai}}<br />
| Gwai (𐩬𖬭𖬰ᛁ)<br />
| {{node|183876027|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Ispelia}}<br />
| Ispelia (𖬮ᛁᒢ𖬇ɭ𖬈ᛁ𖬮)<br />
| {{way|18939591|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|280027089|Fortuna ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Joriskjo}}<br />
| Yoriskyo (ꓩ𖬮𖬬ᛁᒢꓩ𖬭)<br />
| {{node|305861722|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|305860256|Joratuumo-Lusanjo/Yoratūmo-Lusanyo ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Kanglapo}}<br />
|Kānlapo (...)<br />
|{{node|31177867|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|327628661|Nandacheongfu/Nandachōnfu ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|{{Kaosha}}<br />
| Kosakuku (高砂國)<br />
| {{way|25856009|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Khaiwoon}}<br />
| Haiuun (𖬨꜉𖬮𐐢⸠ᐢ)<br />
| {{node|270252037|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Kojo}}<br />
| Kojoo (𖬭ᐤ𖬐𖬰ᐤ⸠)<br />
| {{node|229537296|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|180807349|Pyingshum/Pīnshūn ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Kofuku}}<br />
| Kofuku (𖬭ᐤ𖬌𐐢𖬭𐐢)<br />
| {{way|24051591|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{relation|264862|Bako-Huz/Bakohuttsu ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Kuehong}}<br />
| Kakyaan / Kwehoon<br />
(家郷/ 𐩧𖬭𖬨ᐤ⸠ᐢ)<br />
| {{node|184406162|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|318912470|Bắc Đẹp/Hukkyos''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Lany}}<br />
| Lanii (𖬈𖭑ᛁ-)<br />
| {{way|24050701|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Latina}}<br />
| Latina (𖬈𖬁ᛁ𖭑)<br />
| {{node|183358399|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Layr}}<br />
| Lairi (𖬈꜉𖬬ᛁ)<br />
| {{node|259760797|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|225914698|Lairytyan/Lairityan ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Leresso}}<br />
| Leresso (𖬈ɭ𖬬ɭ𖬖𖬳ᐤ)<br />
| {{node|225970295|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{way|24925661|Aludres/Aludures ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Lorantis}}<br />
| Lorantis (𖬈ᐤ𖬬ᐢ𖬁ᛁᒢ)<br />
|{{node|270393471|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{way|25907707|Neril ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{Luslandia}}<br />
| Luslandi (𖬈𐐢ᒢ𖬈ᐢ𖬒𖬰ᛁ)<br />
| {{way|25870223|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Lutang}}<br />
| Lutān (𖬈𐐢𖬣։ᐢ)<br />
| {{relation|386285|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{relation|386282|Bagong Bandila/Bagōnbandila''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Luthesia}}<br />
| Luteshi (𖬈𐐢𖬁ɭ𖬔ᛁ)<br />
| {{way|261765786|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{way|25148037|Reun ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Mallyore}}<br />
| Malyoska (𖬊ꓩ𖬠ᒢ𖬭)<br />
| {{node|231585594|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|254714198|Nikolovac/Nikolovachi ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Majesia}}<br />
| Majesha (𖬊𖬐𖬰ɭ𖬔)<br />
| <br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Mauretia}}<br />
| Mōretya (𖬊ᐤ⸠𖬬ɭ𐭘𖬒)<br />
|{{way|18898235|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{way|22608094|Iola ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Mecyna}}<br />
| Meshina (𖬊ɭ𖬔ᛁ𖭑)<br />
| {{node|270177534|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{way|17576110|Phoenix/Finikkus''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Mergania}}<br />
| Merganya (𖬊ɭᣗ𖬭𖬰𐭘𖭑)<br />
| {{node|274165555|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br>{{node|274165572|Sannupuri ''(consulate)''}}<br />
|{{node|274166081|Freistat/Furaishutattu ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Navenna}}<br />
| Navenna (𖭑𖬌𖬰ɭⲅ𖭑)<br />
| {{node|270424855|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|270448643|Cità de Navenna/Navennashi ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{New Ingerland}}<br />
| Shin-Ingaalandi (新𖬮ᛁᐢ𖬭𖬰⸠𖬈ᐢ𖬒𖬰ᛁ)<br />
| {{node|270177443|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{United Federation of Ogesten}}<br />
| Ogestennes Kāzhūryenhōn (𖬒ᐤ𖬭𖬰ɭᒢ𖬣ɭフ𖭑ɭᒢ合衆連邦)<br />
| {{node|326506127|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|327756092|Vistju/Vistyu ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Ohemia}}<br />
| Ohemya (𖬮ᐤ𖬨ɭ𐭘𖬊)<br />
| {{node|270539554|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|270895878|Corrostance/Korostansu ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Orinoco}}<br />
|Orinoko (𖬮ᐤ𖬬ᛁ𖭑ᐤ𖬭ᐤ)<br />
|{{node|277757141|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|277994868|Ravalin ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| {{Plevia}}<br />
| Pulevya (𖬇𐐢𖬈ɭ𐭘𖬌𖬰)<br />
| {{node|246609219|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|270094488|Osianopoli/Oshianopoli ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|Pretany<br />
|Puretani (𖬇𐐢𖬬ɭ𖬁𖭑ᛁ)<br />
|{{node||Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|St. Richards/Sei Rīchar (embassy) [planned]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Pyeokchin<br />
| Pekechin (壁珍)<br />
|{{node|246609337|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| Namgyeong/Nankei (embassy) [planned]<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Qennes}}<br />
| Kenes (𖬭ɭ𖭑ɭᒢ)<br />
| {{node|225873972|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Silland}}<br />
| Rwogwovas (𐩪𖬬𐩪𖬭𖬰𖬌𖬰ᒢ)<br />
| {{node|225885492|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Saikyel}}<br />
| Saikyel (𖬖꜉ꓶ𖬭ᐡ)<br />
| {{node|18901259|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|24282007|Nevensad/Nevensadu ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Samiloor}}<br />
| Samilūr (𖬖𖬊ᛁ𖬈𐐢⸠ᣗ)<br />
| {{node|278182283|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{relation|312666|Carispoole/Karispul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Sápvuodmá}}<br />
| Sappudoma (𖬖フ𖬇𐐢𖬣𖬰ᐤ𖬊)<br />
| {{node|346673019|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{relation|339670019|Jöhksvard/Yehkisvartu''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Semanya}}<br />
| Semanya (𖬖ɭ𖬊𐭘𖭑)<br />
| {{node|226020841|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Tavauru}}<br />
| Tavauru (𖬁𖬌𖬰'𐐢𖬬𐐢)<br />
| {{node|246609383|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Vartasimalia}}<br />
| Vartashimalya (𖬌𖬰ᣗ𖬁𖬔ᛁ𖬊𐭘𖬈)<br />
| {{way|18939590|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Vodeo}}<br />
|Vodeo (𖬌𖬰ᐤ𖬒𖬰ɭᐤ)<br />
|{{node|279006950|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|328900981|Saviso ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|{{Xochimalta}}<br />
| Shochimalta (𖬔ᐤ𖬐ᛁ𖬊ᐡ𖬁)<br />
| {{node|268206357|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|268187084|Xochimalta/Shochimalta ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|}</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=User:Izaland_Terramorphing_Committee/Sandbox/Diplomatic_presence&diff=22826User:Izaland Terramorphing Committee/Sandbox/Diplomatic presence2024-03-07T01:44:25Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: Added emb in Sapvuodma</p>
<hr />
<div>This list tries to categorise all the Embassies located in Saindzaul. <br />
Soon I will try to add all the Izaki embassies built worldwide (if you notice and can add yours, I will be grateful!)<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" <br />
! Country<br />
! (in Izaki)<br />
! in Izaland<br />
! Abroad<br />
! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| {{Allendea}}<br />
| Allendea (𖬮𖬈𖬳ɭᐢ𖬒𖬰ɭ𖬮)<br />
| {{way|24049824|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|246486411|Catamia/Katamya''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Antharia}}<br />
| Antarya (𖬮ᐢ𖬁𐭘𖬬)<br />
| {{way|18981303|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|271408096|Borrodin/Borodīn ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Ambrosia}}<br />
| Anburozhi (𖬮ᐢ𖬇𖬰𐐢𖬬ᐤ𖬔𖬰ᛁ)<br />
| {{relation|266149|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|246952562|Port Ambroise/Pōtanburozhi ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Aorangea}}<br />
| Aorangea (𖬮'ᐤ𖬬ᐢ𖬭𖬰ɭ𖬮)<br />
| {{way|270252099|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Ardencia}}<br />
| Ardenshia (𖬮ᣗ𖬒𖬰ɭᐢ𖬔ᛁ𖬮)<br />
| {{way|24109301|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Artenia}}<br />
| Artenya (TBD)<br />
| {{way|329841294|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{way|329701532|Arténie-Ville ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Bai Empire}}<br />
| Taipyaku Chekuku (''Pyakkuku'')<br />
(大百帝國(百國))<br />
|{{way|25985986|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|273755185|Xiongjing'/Yūkei '(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Banuvia}}<br />
| Banuuvya (𖬡𖬰𖭑𐐢։𝖩𖬌𖬰)<br />
| {{node|TBD|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|345792018|Šarengrad/Sharenguradi ''(embassy)''}} <br />
|-<br />
| {{Barzona}}<br />
| Bartsona (𖬇𖬰ᣗ𖬑ᐤ𖭑)<br />
| {{node|246615106|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|246747784|Carante/Karante ''(embassy)''}} <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Novakia}}<br />
| Belguravya (𖬇𖬰ɭᐡ𖬭𖬰𐐢𖬬𐭘𖬌𖬰)<br />
| {{way|25870225|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Belphenia}}<br />
| Belfenya (𖬇𖬰ɭᐡ𖬌ɭ𐭘𖭑)<br />
| {{node|246609338|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Brasonia}}<br />
| Burasonya (𖬇𖬰𐐢𖬬𖬖ᐤ𐭘𖭑)<br />
| {{way|25870224|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{way|25869257|Campo Verde/Kanpoverde ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Canterra}}<br />
| Kantera<br />
| {{way|tbd|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{way|329619526|Nautecove ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Cinasia}}<br />
| Tukkwa Minkuku (''Tukkuku'')<br />
(徳華民國(徳國))<br />
| {{way|25041266|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{way|259489451|Yu-King/Yūnhūn ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Azure Coast}}<br />
| Kosta-Asul / Satsomaba<br />
𖬭ᐤᒢ𖬁 𖬮𖬖𐐢ᐡ/青浜<br />
| {{way|26503428|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|279000164|Tarjón/Taryon ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Demirhan Empire}}<br />
| Demirhan Chekuku (𖬒𖬰ɭ𖬊ᛁᣗ𖬨ᐢ帝國)<br />
|{{node|270393546|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{way|25907662|Tarsınar/Tarsunār ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{Deodeca}}<br />
| Deodeka (𖬒𖬰ɭᐤ𖬒𖬰ɭ𖬭)<br />
|{{node|TBD|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|280468893|Kingstown/Kīnsutaun ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{Dregovine}}<br />
| Duregovina (𖬒𖬰𐐢𖬬ɭ𖬭𖬰ᐤ𖬌𖬰ᛁ𖭑)<br />
|{{node|270252123|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{way|25079341|Litusava ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|-<br />
|{{Eelanti}}<br />
|Ēlandi (𖬮ɭ⸠𖬈ᐢ𖬒𖬰ᛁ)<br />
|{{node|2=Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|Suursari/Sūrsāri (embassy)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|{{Eicarl}}<br />
| Eikāl (𖬮ɭᛁ𖬭⸠ᐡ)<br />
|{{node|270177557|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Eshein}}<br />
| Eshēn (𖬮ɭ𖬔ɭ⸠ᐢ)<br />
| {{node|271347717|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br>{{node|271347925|Sannupuri ''(consulate)''}}<br />
| {{relation|349505|Noy Tyrrin/Nōityurin''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Federal States}}<br />
| Akazhuu Ryenpoonkuku<br />
(𖬮𖬭𖬔𖬰𐐢𖬮𐐢連邦國)<br />
| {{node|246609281|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br>{{node|270175614|Warohan ''(consulate)''}}<br />
|{{node|270174042|Huntington/Hantinton ''(embassy)''}}<br>{{relation|303898|Jundah/Janda ''(consulate)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Tamor}}<br />
| Tamor (---)<br />
|{{way|26662873|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|278328550|Fiskerlandstaed/Fiskallanstedu ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Freedemia}}<br />
| Jiyu-Furidemya (自由𖬌𐐢𖬬ᛁ𖬒𖬰ɭ𐭘𖬊)<br />
|{{node|225846761|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|231452074|Quentinsburgh/Kentinbā ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Geklinia-Dregolesia}}<br />
| Zhekulinya-Doregoleshia <br />
(𖬔𖬰ɭ𖬭𐐢𖬈ᛁ𐭘𖭑 - 𖬒𖬰ᐤ𖬬ɭ𖬭𖬰ᐤ𖬈ɭ𖬔ᛁ𖬮)<br />
| {{way|24897835|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|259063223|Dobrzanka/Doburuzanka ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Gobrassanya}}<br />
| Gohrassanya (𖬭𖬰ᐤᐪ𖬬𖬖𖬳𐭘𖭑)<br />
| {{way|25853521|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|246883348|Gobras City/Gōhrasshi ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Guai}}<br />
| Gwai (𐩬𖬭𖬰ᛁ)<br />
| {{node|183876027|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Ispelia}}<br />
| Ispelia (𖬮ᛁᒢ𖬇ɭ𖬈ᛁ𖬮)<br />
| {{way|18939591|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|280027089|Fortuna ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Joriskjo}}<br />
| Yoriskyo (ꓩ𖬮𖬬ᛁᒢꓩ𖬭)<br />
| {{node|305861722|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|305860256|Joratuumo-Lusanjo/Yoratūmo-Lusanyo ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Kanglapo}}<br />
|Kānlapo (...)<br />
|{{node|31177867|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|327628661|Nandacheongfu/Nandachōnfu ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|{{Kaosha}}<br />
| Kosakuku (高砂國)<br />
| {{way|25856009|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Khaiwoon}}<br />
| Haiuun (𖬨꜉𖬮𐐢⸠ᐢ)<br />
| {{node|270252037|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Kojo}}<br />
| Kojoo (𖬭ᐤ𖬐𖬰ᐤ⸠)<br />
| {{node|229537296|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|180807349|Pyingshum/Pīnshūn ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Kofuku}}<br />
| Kofuku (𖬭ᐤ𖬌𐐢𖬭𐐢)<br />
| {{way|24051591|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{relation|264862|Bako-Huz/Bakohuttsu ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Kuehong}}<br />
| Kakyaan / Kwehoon<br />
(家郷/ 𐩧𖬭𖬨ᐤ⸠ᐢ)<br />
| {{node|184406162|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|318912470|Bắc Đẹp/Hukkyos''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Lany}}<br />
| Lanii (𖬈𖭑ᛁ-)<br />
| {{way|24050701|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Latina}}<br />
| Latina (𖬈𖬁ᛁ𖭑)<br />
| {{node|183358399|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Layr}}<br />
| Lairi (𖬈꜉𖬬ᛁ)<br />
| {{node|259760797|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|225914698|Lairytyan/Lairityan ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Leresso}}<br />
| Leresso (𖬈ɭ𖬬ɭ𖬖𖬳ᐤ)<br />
| {{node|225970295|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{way|24925661|Aludres/Aludures ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Lorantis}}<br />
| Lorantis (𖬈ᐤ𖬬ᐢ𖬁ᛁᒢ)<br />
|{{node|270393471|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{way|25907707|Neril ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{Luslandia}}<br />
| Luslandi (𖬈𐐢ᒢ𖬈ᐢ𖬒𖬰ᛁ)<br />
| {{way|25870223|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Lutang}}<br />
| Lutān (𖬈𐐢𖬣։ᐢ)<br />
| {{relation|386285|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{relation|386282|Bagong Bandila/Bagōnbandila''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Luthesia}}<br />
| Luteshi (𖬈𐐢𖬁ɭ𖬔ᛁ)<br />
| {{way|261765786|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{way|25148037|Reun ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Mallyore}}<br />
| Malyoska (𖬊ꓩ𖬠ᒢ𖬭)<br />
| {{node|231585594|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|254714198|Nikolovac/Nikolovachi ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Majesia}}<br />
| Majesha (𖬊𖬐𖬰ɭ𖬔)<br />
| <br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Mauretia}}<br />
| Mōretya (𖬊ᐤ⸠𖬬ɭ𐭘𖬒)<br />
|{{way|18898235|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{way|22608094|Iola ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Mecyna}}<br />
| Meshina (𖬊ɭ𖬔ᛁ𖭑)<br />
| {{node|270177534|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{way|17576110|Phoenix/Finikkus''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Mergania}}<br />
| Merganya (𖬊ɭᣗ𖬭𖬰𐭘𖭑)<br />
| {{node|274165555|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br>{{node|274165572|Sannupuri ''(consulate)''}}<br />
|{{node|274166081|Freistat/Furaishutattu ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Navenna}}<br />
| Navenna (𖭑𖬌𖬰ɭⲅ𖭑)<br />
| {{node|270424855|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|270448643|Cità de Navenna/Navennashi ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{New Ingerland}}<br />
| Shin-Ingaalandi (新𖬮ᛁᐢ𖬭𖬰⸠𖬈ᐢ𖬒𖬰ᛁ)<br />
| {{node|270177443|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{United Federation of Ogesten}}<br />
| Ogestennes Kāzhūryenhōn (𖬒ᐤ𖬭𖬰ɭᒢ𖬣ɭフ𖭑ɭᒢ合衆連邦)<br />
| {{node|326506127|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|327756092|Vistju/Vistyu ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Ohemia}}<br />
| Ohemya (𖬮ᐤ𖬨ɭ𐭘𖬊)<br />
| {{node|270539554|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|270895878|Corrostance/Korostansu ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Orinoco}}<br />
|Orinoko (𖬮ᐤ𖬬ᛁ𖭑ᐤ𖬭ᐤ)<br />
|{{node|277757141|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|277994868|Ravalin ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| {{Plevia}}<br />
| Pulevya (𖬇𐐢𖬈ɭ𐭘𖬌𖬰)<br />
| {{node|246609219|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|270094488|Osianopoli/Oshianopoli ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|Pretany<br />
|Puretani (𖬇𐐢𖬬ɭ𖬁𖭑ᛁ)<br />
|{{node||Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|St. Richards/Sei Rīchar (embassy) [planned]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Pyeokchin<br />
| Pekechin (壁珍)<br />
|{{node|246609337|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| Namgyeong/Nankei (embassy) [planned]<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Qennes}}<br />
| Kenes (𖬭ɭ𖭑ɭᒢ)<br />
| {{node|225873972|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Silland}}<br />
| Rwogwovas (𐩪𖬬𐩪𖬭𖬰𖬌𖬰ᒢ)<br />
| {{node|225885492|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Saikyel}}<br />
| Saikyel (𖬖꜉ꓶ𖬭ᐡ)<br />
| {{node|18901259|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|24282007|Nevensad/Nevensadu ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Samiloor}}<br />
| Samilūr (𖬖𖬊ᛁ𖬈𐐢⸠ᣗ)<br />
| {{node|278182283|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{relation|312666|Carispoole/Karispul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Sápvuodmá}}<br />
| Sappudoma (𖬖フ𖬇𐐢𖬣𖬰ᐤ𖬊)<br />
| {{node|TBD|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{relation|339670019|Jöhksvard/Yehkisvartu''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Semanya}}<br />
| Semanya (𖬖ɭ𖬊𐭘𖭑)<br />
| {{node|226020841|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Tavauru}}<br />
| Tavauru (𖬁𖬌𖬰'𐐢𖬬𐐢)<br />
| {{node|246609383|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Vartasimalia}}<br />
| Vartashimalya (𖬌𖬰ᣗ𖬁𖬔ᛁ𖬊𐭘𖬈)<br />
| {{way|18939590|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Vodeo}}<br />
|Vodeo (𖬌𖬰ᐤ𖬒𖬰ɭᐤ)<br />
|{{node|279006950|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|328900981|Saviso ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|{{Xochimalta}}<br />
| Shochimalta (𖬔ᐤ𖬐ᛁ𖬊ᐡ𖬁)<br />
| {{node|268206357|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|268187084|Xochimalta/Shochimalta ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|}</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=Collab:Plevia&diff=22765Collab:Plevia2024-03-03T11:55:38Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: /* Administrative divisions */</p>
<hr />
<div>:''This article is about the territory UL08f, and the project's info. For the country of Plevia, see [[Plevia]].''<br />
<br />
{{#multimaps: | center = 47.549,62.585 | width = 600px | height = 660px | zoom = 6 | maxzoom = 8 | minzoom = 3<br />
| layers = +Standard<br />
| overlays = +Plevia<br />
| overlaydef = {<br />
"Plevia": {"function": "boundaryRelation", "param": [182493]}<br />
} }}<br />
<br />
Located in Western Uletha, '''UL08f''' is a collaboration project inside OGF, and the only one (excluding privately owned territories) related to real-world Italy.<br />
<br />
== Project contributors ==<br />
=== Active ===<br />
*[https://opengeofiction.net/user/Izaland%20Terramorphing%20Committee Izaland] - Manager of the project.<br />
*[https://opengeofiction.net/user/seasvnz seasvnz] - Since summer 2022 ([https://opengeofiction.net/#map=14/44.4308/62.6944&layers=B Omissa])<br />
*[https://opengeofiction.net/user/Alexmar983 Alexmar983] - Since November 2022, various minor improvements on the whole territory<br />
*[https://opengeofiction.net/user/Geoc3ladus Geoc3ladus] - Since August 2023, various town detailing, mainly around Osianopoli<br />
<br />
=== Former ===<br />
The following list includes users who extensively contributed in mapping Plevia<br />
*[https://opengeofiction.net/user/Mtejku222 Mtejku222] - Honorary member, starter of the project, but currently inactive.<br />
*[https://opengeofiction.net/user/Davieerr Davierr] - Main contributor.<br />
*[https://opengeofiction.net/user/ante44 ante44] - Main contributor.<br />
*[https://opengeofiction.net/user/Lithium-Ion Lithium-Ion] - Main contributor.<br />
*[https://opengeofiction.net/user/BMSOUZA BMSOUZA] - Since November 2022 ([https://opengeofiction.net/#map=17/45.27846/63.97338&layers=B Colleferro] and [https://opengeofiction.net/#map=13/44.9022/63.6222&layers=B Nabiana])<br />
<br />
=== In training or occasional mappers ===<br />
*[https://opengeofiction.net/user/ciaosamuu Ciaosamuu] - Since July 2022 ([https://opengeofiction.net/#map=15/44.3849/63.6774&layers=B Condona])<br />
*[https://opengeofiction.net/user/stefano20p stefano20p] - Since December 2022 ([https://opengeofiction.net/#map=13/43.0636/58.9671&layers=B Cala Agra])<br />
<br />
== Rules for joining ==<br />
Contact [https://opengeofiction.net/user/Izaland%20Terramorphing%20Committee Izaland] if you are interested in participating. <br />
To map in Plevia it is essential that you are able to map cities in Italian style (old towns, piazzas, castles and churches) and have a basic knowledge of Italian language.<br />
<br />
== Plevia mapping style ==<br />
[[File:Plevia image.png|thumb|The different environments of Plevia (image).]]<br />
(from Mtejku222's idea:) Since it's supposed to be OGF:Italy, it's going to be quite similar to it in terms of culture and, to a lesser extent, history. However, it's '''located significantly further north''', with its southernmost point being at the same latitude as central Italy and its northernmost point not far from Leipzig, Germany. For this reason, its climate will be Mediterranean in the south, oceanic in the west, humid subtropical in the east, and continental to arid in the north. <br />
<br />
Economically, it will be slightly poorer than Italy, with the south-east and the south-west being generally richer than the north for historical reasons. The territory is larger than Italy and will have a similar population density (192 people/km2 vs. Italy's 201/km2); the population will be around 92 million. The capital city will also be the largest, and will be located in the south-east. It will serve as the cultural and historical centre of the country. It won't be too similar to Rome, but will have been a major hub of the OGF:Latin world in a distant past. <br />
<br />
The country will receive strong cultural influences from other nations, especially near the borders: Arabic in the south (kind of like Sicily, and there might be certain places where Maltese is spoken); Venetian in the south-east (given the presence of Navenna); Turkic further to the north; Surian in the east; Antigoan (English/Latin) in the north; and Franquese in the west. There might be a separatist movement near Franqueterre. Of course, the main culture will be Italian-like, just like the language. However, I don't want it to be too similar, so this is as analogous as the country will get to its real world counterpart; most other things I will try to make original.<br />
<br />
== Current areas in activity==<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! style="width:75%"|Mapping<br />
! style="width:25%"|Notes<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:center"|'''Osianopoli''' - ''The Capital''<br />
{{#multimaps: | center = 45.5642,63.9964 | width = 950px | height = 450px | zoom = 13 | maxzoom = 19 | minzoom = 11 }}<br />
|<br />
* The city was firstly planned by the currently (as of 2022 Nov.) user [https://opengeofiction.net/user/Mtejku222 Mtejku222]<br />
* Based on [https://www.openstreetmap.org/#map=14/45.4426/11.0068 Verona] and [https://www.openstreetmap.org/#map=14/40.8385/14.2393 Neaples]<br />
* Population of about 6 million people<br />
; Urgent Issues<br />
* Improve and complete the historical city center. Osianopoli corresponds to the RW Rome as the cradle of an old civilisation<br />
* Improve and extend the EUO District, inspired by Rome's EUR. Here also most of the embassies will be located (free to map yours, after letting me know)<br />
* Expand the [https://opengeofiction.net/#map=14/45.7429/64.2284&layers=B airport], just drafted. <br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:center"|'''Temisa''' - ''The second city''<br />
{{#multimaps: | center = 45.2420,57.7155 | width = 950px | height = 450px | zoom = 14 | maxzoom = 19 | minzoom = 11 }}<br />
|<br />
* Inspired by Istanbul?<br />
* Also started by Mtejku222<br />
* Close to Franquese speaking country. Many place names (palaces, streets etc) will have Franquese contaminations<br />
* Population of about 3 million people<br />
; Urgent Issues<br />
* Improve and complete the [https://opengeofiction.net/#map=16/45.2476/57.7049&layers=B historical city center].<br />
* Find a suitable position for a large commercial port. <br />
* Expand or rethink the [https://opengeofiction.net/#map=14/45.3889/57.6207&layers=B airport], just drafted. <br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:center"|'''Costa''' - ''A port city on the western coast''<br />
{{#multimaps: | center = 44.3050,58.9598 | width = 950px | height = 450px | zoom = 13 | maxzoom = 19 | minzoom = 11 }}<br />
|<br />
* Inspired by Genoa<br />
* Mapped by [https://opengeofiction.net/user/Izaland%20Terramorphing%20Committee ITC]<br />
* Population of about 650k people<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
== Administrative divisions ==<br />
A proposal, based on the current situation, of the regions of Plevia.<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+Main subdivision levels<br />
!Level 2<br />
!Level 3<br />
!Level 4<br />
!Level 5<br />
!Level 6<br />
|-<br />
|Plevia<br />
|Regions<br />
|Provinces<br />
|Cantons<br />
|Comunes<br />
|}<br />
'''Cantons''' (Cantoni): Subprovincial administrative subdivision, which is non-elective. They delineates homogeneous portions of territory that encompass similar municipalities or indicates portions of urban neighborhoods, for service provision.<br />
<br />
Services provided on the territory by regions or mandated by law coordinated by municipalities are delivered on a cantonal basis. Thus, tourism offices, school bus lots, local waste collection centers, local hospitals, local police and firefighters, animal shelters, and tourism offices are among the services typically organized at the cantonal level.[[File:Plevia regions proposal.png|left|thumb|749x749px|Current situation of Plevia regions]]<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+Regions of Plevia<br />
!N<br />
!Name<br />
!Ref<br />
!Capital<br />
!Extension<br />
!Population<br />
!Brief description<br />
|-<br />
|1<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/304978 Pretannica]<br />
|PR<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/#map=13/50.8574/59.0582&layers=B Pradibosco]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|Protruding region, facing Pretannic Lake<br />
|-<br />
|2<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/262542 Alcamo]<br />
|AC<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/#map=13/50.7393/61.8532&layers=B Coveria]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|Steppes, underdeveloped region, some nomadic minorities, gas and mineral extraction<br />
|-<br />
|3<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/262543 Massabria]<br />
|MS<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/#map=12/49.2896/60.3980&layers=B Cadelfia]<br />
|13,609 km²<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|4<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/281942 Rovonia]<br />
|RV<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/#map=12/48.5506/61.7236&layers=B Benecampo]<br />
|34,957 km²<br />
|<br />
|Large region with mountains and archaeological sites of ancient civilisations<br />
|-<br />
|5<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/262541 Gralesia Occidentale]<br />
|GC<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/#map=12/49.5313/63.4502&layers=B Rocca di Contadinassa]<br />
|11,338 km²<br />
|<br />
|Mountain resort of Plevia<br />
|-<br />
|6<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/262540 Gralesia Orientale]<br />
|GR<br />
|Morena<br />
|8,984 km²<br />
|<br />
|Possibly had a communist past? Nouns with Slavic influences<br />
|-<br />
|7<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/237028 Lavarinato]<br />
|LV<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/#map=12/48.5390/59.2101&layers=B Lavarino]<br />
|36,023 km²<br />
|<br />
|Far away community, the life standards are below Plevia average, beautiful unspoiled nature with volcanic lakes<br />
|-<br />
|8<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/262539 Transgorizia]<br />
|TG<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/#map=11/47.9718/65.1187&layers=B Sarri]<br />
|26,100 km²<br />
|<br />
|Possibly had a communist past? Nouns with Slavic influences<br />
|-<br />
|9<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/237029 Ludna]<br />
|LD<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/#map=13/46.5061/57.1777&layers=B Ludna]<br />
|11,127 km²<br />
|<br />
|Larger Franquese speaking minority<br />
|-<br />
|10<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/304937 Glasponto]<br />
|GP<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/#map=12/46.3831/58.3762&layers=B Acqualonga]<br />
|20,091 km²<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|11<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/304935 Bardigliera]<br />
|BD<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/#map=12/46.4276/60.2827&layers=B Ponte Bodesio]<br />
|38,155 km²<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|12<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/304934 Campanese]<br />
|CP<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/#map=12/46.6969/62.2365&layers=B Campana]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|Productive region, and one of the best food destinations<br />
|-<br />
|13<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/281941 Norenzano-Valbrenna]<br />
|NV<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/#map=13/47.3659/64.4389&layers=B Norenzo]<br />
|11,649 km²<br />
|<br />
|Region rich in history and art<br />
|-<br />
|14<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/279336 Temisano]<br />
|TM<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/#map=13/45.2416/57.7053&layers=B Temisa]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|Region of the second city of Plevia, about 20% of population speaks Franquese as native language, similar to Liguria<br />
|-<br />
|15<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/304936 Mescadia]<br />
|MC<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/#map=13/44.3027/58.9890&layers=B Costa]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|Similar to Liguria, once an important maritime power<br />
|-<br />
|16<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/304938 Valcesia]<br />
|VC<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/#map=12/46.6085/64.7936&layers=B Luviana]<br />
|19,245 km²<br />
|<br />
|Rich region with factories and high agricultural production (RW Emilia Romagna?)<br />
|-<br />
|17<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/304940 Oltresuria]<br />
|OS<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/#map=13/46.8160/65.5322&layers=B Lafore]<br />
|17,491 km²<br />
|<br />
|Low population density, hard to reach<br />
|-<br />
|18<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/257069 Covenzate]<br />
|CV<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/#map=12/45.1153/62.7611&layers=B Covenza]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|Rich region close to the capital <br />
|-<br />
|19<br />
|'''Città Metropolitana di Osianopoli'''<br />
|CM<br />
|'''[https://opengeofiction.net/#map=13/45.5570/64.0094&layers=B Osianopoli]'''<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|Heart of Plevia and most populated region<br />
|-<br />
|20<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/304939 Barabista]<br />
|BB<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/#map=13/46.1082/67.2442&layers=B Ulconara]<br />
|20,297 km²<br />
|<br />
|Mountainous and desertic outback <br />
|-<br />
|21<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/281986 Agrato]<br />
|AG<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/#map=14/43.5935/59.1003&layers=B Gerta]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|Tourist seaside resort of Plevia<br />
|-<br />
|22<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/269931 Camberie]<br />
|CB<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/#map=12/43.3315/61.3923&layers=B Civitelle]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|Also, southern resort area<br />
|-<br />
|23<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/230860 Nascilia]<br />
|NS<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/#map=13/45.3757/64.1797&layers=B Chiaramonte]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|Plevian Navenna (under Navenna control in the past), very developed<br />
|-<br />
|24<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/304977 Isole Libeccie]<br />
|IL<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/#map=14/41.1835/58.9307&layers=B Palma Cerviana]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|Islands closer to Mitras and Castellan, local dialect spoken here<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Largest cities and metropolitan areas ===<br />
The following list has been proposed by ante44<br />
# [https://opengeofiction.net/#map=13/45.5570/64.0094&layers=B Osianopoli] (comune: 5.1 M, metro: 8.2 M)<br />
# [https://opengeofiction.net/#map=13/45.2416/57.7053&layers=B Temisa] (comune: 1.9 M, metro: 3.7 M)<br />
# [https://opengeofiction.net/#map=12/43.3315/61.3923&layers=B Civitelle] (comune: 1.5 M, metro: 1.9 M) <br />
# [https://opengeofiction.net/#map=12/46.6969/62.2365&layers=B Campana] (comune: 1.2 M, metro: 1.8 M)<br />
# [https://opengeofiction.net/#map=14/43.5935/59.1003&layers=B Gerta] (comune: 1.0 M, metro: 1.3 M)<br />
# [https://opengeofiction.net/#map=12/43.7660/61.0263&layers=B Toja] (comune: 0.9 M, metro: 1.6 M)<br />
# [https://opengeofiction.net/#map=12/48.5390/59.2101&layers=B Lavarino] (comune: 0.7 M, metro 1.1 M)<br />
# [https://opengeofiction.net/#map=11/47.9718/65.1187&layers=B Sarri] (comune: 0.7 M, metro: 0.9 M)<br />
# [https://opengeofiction.net/#map=13/45.6032/62.1830&layers=B Denezia] (comune: 0.6 M, metro: 1.3 M) <br />
# [https://opengeofiction.net/#map=12/45.1153/62.7611&layers=B Convenza] (comune: 0.5 M, metro: 0.9M)<br />
# [https://opengeofiction.net/#map=13/45.3757/64.1797&layers=B Chiaramonte] (comune: 0.5 M, metro: 1.2 M)<br />
# [https://opengeofiction.net/#map=12/48.5506/61.7236&layers=B Benecampo] (comune: 0.4 M, metro: 0.7 M)<br />
# [https://opengeofiction.net/#map=12/43.5768/61.2759&layers=B Vico] (comune: 0.3 M, metro: 1.0 M)<br />
# [https://opengeofiction.net/#map=12/46.8840/65.0394&layers=B Savanolo] (comune: 0.3 M, metro: 0.5 M)<br />
# [https://opengeofiction.net/#map=13/43.0011/60.1404&layers=B Zari] (comune: 0.3 M, metro: 0.7 M)<br />
<br />
== Economy ==<br />
<br />
==Transportation==<br />
=== Railways ===<br />
The railway network of Plevia counts on:<br />
*1134,081 km of high speed rail<br />
* xxxx,xx km of standard speed rail (''as of May 2023 measurement, not accurate, only FSP infrastructure'') <br />
<br />
;Expand (on the right →) to view the railway network of Plevia: <br />
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
{{#multimaps: <br />
| service = OGF<br />
| center = 46.687,62.051<br />
| width = 60%<br />
| height = 1000px<br />
| zoom = 6<br />
| maxzoom = 19<br />
| layers = +Standard,+TopoMap<br />
| overlays = +Non HS FSP infrastructure,+High Speed Network<br />
| overlaydef = {<br />
"Non HS FSP infrastructure": {"function": "publicTransport", "param": [365764]},<br />
"High Speed Network": {"function": "publicTransport", "param": [365760]}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
[[File:Air Plevia.png|300px|thumb|right|Air Plevia Logo (by ITC)]]<br />
<br />
=== Aviation ===<br />
At the moment the main flag carrier of Plevia is Air Plevia (code: PV). It offers domestic flights, regional ones to/from the Mediterranean Sea countries, and some intercontinental flights to Eastern Uletha and Tarephia. <br />
<br />
== Diplomatic presence ==<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" <br />
! Country<br />
! (in Plevian)<br />
! in Plevia<br />
! Abroad<br />
! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| {{Artenia}}<br />
| <br />
| {{node|329778427|Osianopoli ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|329701542|Arténie-Ville ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Brasonia}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
| {{way|25156777|Campo Verde ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Commonia}}<br />
| Commonia<br />
| {{node|270321394|Osianopoli ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Deodeca}}<br />
| Deodeca<br />
| {{node|266256902|Osianopoli ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Izaland}}<br />
| Izalandia<br />
| {{node|270094488|Osianopoli ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{way|24049824|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Lany}}<br />
| Lania<br />
| {{node|266128337|Osianopoli ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Midistland}}<br />
| Midislandia<br />
| {{node|265362336|Osianopoli ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Mitras}}<br />
| Mitra<br />
| {{node|276401874|Osianopoli ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Navenna}}<br />
| Navenna<br />
| <br />
| {{node|270448642|Navenna ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Sports ==<br />
=== Football ===<br />
''Collaborators, please, include in the following tables all the stadiums and teams you map in Plevia.''<br />
<br />
''Some cities was previously decided as host places to the main teams in the leagues''<br />
<br />
'''Lega A'''<br />
{| class="wikitable" <br />
! Team<br />
! City<br />
! Ground<br />
! Colours<br />
! Remarks<br />
|-<br />
| ''''''<br />
| Osianopoli-CM<br />
| <br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| ''''''<br />
| Osianopoli-CM<br />
| <br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| '''Temisa'''<br />
| Temisa-TM<br />
| <br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| ''''''<br />
| Temisa-TM<br />
| <br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| ''''''<br />
| Costa-MC<br />
| <br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| ''''''<br />
| Luviana-VC<br />
| <br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| ''''''<br />
| <br />
| <br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| ''''''<br />
| <br />
| <br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| ''''''<br />
| <br />
| <br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| ''''''<br />
| <br />
| <br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| ''''''<br />
| <br />
| <br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| ''''''<br />
| <br />
| <br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| ''''''<br />
| <br />
| <br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| ''''''<br />
| <br />
| <br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| ''''''<br />
| <br />
| <br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| ''''''<br />
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{| class="wikitable" <br />
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| [https://opengeofiction.net/#map=18/44.73956/63.87665&layers=B Stadio Gianno Arelli]<br />
| <span style="color: #FFFFFF; background: #0028cc; border-radius: 3px;">'''&nbsp;Blue&nbsp;'''</span> <span style="color: #FFFFFF; background: #000000; border-radius: 3px;">'''&nbsp;Black&nbsp;'''</span><br />
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[[Category:Official collaborative projects]]<br />
[[Category:Plevia collaborative documentation]]</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=Forum:Territory_application/UL08g_-_Alebria&diff=22730Forum:Territory application/UL08g - Alebria2024-03-02T11:39:02Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: Comment from Plevia</p>
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<div class="forumheader" style="margin: 1; background-color: #eeeeee; text-align: left; padding: 5px;">'''[[Forum:Index|Forums]] &rarr; [[Forum:Territory application|Territory application]] &rarr; {{PAGENAME}}'''</div><br />
[[Category:Territory application posts]]<br />
<br />
<!-- Replace all WRITE HERE items with your application specifics, be sure to preview the page. Preview also displays extra explanation for each section --><br />
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<br />
:''Please fill in the information below to make a territory request.''<br />
<br />
{{Territory application id and name}}<br />
<br />
UL08g - Alebria<br />
<br />
{{territory application physical geography}}<br />
<br />
=Geography=<br />
The geography of Alebria is mainly inspired by the northern provinces of France, Wallonia in the Netherlands, and parts of the Veneto and Friuli-Venezia-Giulia regions in Italy.<br />
==Climate==<br />
The climate primarily lies within the Cfa/Csa/Csb climates across a majority of the territory(mainly the climates of the surrounding territories), with seldom scattered regions of Cfb in the higher elevations in the east along the border with Plevia.<br />
==Landscape==<br />
The landscape of Alebria, in lieu of the inspired regions, will mainly include flatlands nearing the coastline, with rolling hills/small mountains further inland, especially along the border with Plevia, where some lower mountainous mapping currently exists. The highest elevations are planned to be around 300-500m. I mainly plan to expand the geographies of the surrounding territories.<br />
==Hydrology==<br />
Considering the scope of the territory and the hydrology in the surrounding territories, this territory will mainly feature smaller rivers and tributaries. There may be a few lakes/reservoirs established along these rivers to help supply water to rural communities and provide hydroelectric power.<br />
<br />
== Territory Sketch: ==<br />
https://imgur.com/a/g0rGgSh<nowiki/>{{territory application human geography}}<br />
<br />
=Demographics & Language=<br />
Alebria is primarily a Franquese (French) speaking territory, with more Plevian speakers/influence in the east. For example, the far east of Alebria has a Plevian-speaking majority (although this may depend on the existing history/demographics of this region of Uletha), with influences of Franquese mixed in.<br />
==Economy==<br />
The economy of Alebria is relatively stable, having secured several imports/exports. Alebria features two significant coastal cities, which could house relatively large maritime and air hubs. In fewer words, the economy is relatively good, with total wealth of around 3-5 trillion USD, which is roughly equivalent to that of the Netherlands and/or Switzerland. The territory also is planned to have significant maritime and air trade.<br />
==Transportation/Infrastructure==<br />
With the economy in mind, transportation infrastructure is planned to be decent, but not on par with surrounding states, with urban areas providing well-accessible public transit methods. Public transportation in rural areas is expected to be subpar. Roads,especially those in urban areas, are more maintained than that of rural roads; roads with higher volumes of traffic are expected to be maintained regularly. Alebria also expects more focus on its intranational high-speed rail network, connecting large towns and cities.<br />
==Current Government==<br />
The government of Alebria is a constitutional democratic republic; one political party (which is planned to be more center-right) is planned to hold a majority.<br />
==Mapping Style(s)==<br />
Mapping style is inspired by France, northern Italy, as well as some parts of Wallonia.{{territory application history and culture}}<br />
<br />
=History=<br />
==Brief Synopsis==<br />
Considering the regional history, this territory is to expect a time period of Romantish control.<br />
<br />
Similar to the Netherlands (Dutch Republic in this context), perhaps Alebria could have been annexed by Franqueterre and Plevia until somewhere within the 16-18 c., which hopefully justifies the lingual patterns throughout the territory{{territory application past mapping}}<br />
<br />
=Past Mapping=<br />
==Urban==<br />
The Plevian towns of {{coord | name=Ezia | zoom=15 | latitude=45.4537 | longitude= 63.7428 }} and {{coord | name=Rivasorda | zoom=15 | latitude=45.4482 | longitude=63.6729 }}.<br />
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The city of {{coord | name=Fourchieres| zoom=16 | latitude=-13.3535 | longitude=24.8045 }}, which does have colonial influence, but should hopefully be sufficient for the intended style of mapping.<br />
==Rural==<br />
The department of {{coord | name=Ataguriay-Marajuan | zoom=14 | latitude=-14.5155 | longitude=23.2257 }}. One obvious drawback I currently see is that this is mapped in a more colonial style, which doesn't fit in this region.<br />
<br />
{{coord | name=Yalou-Chognesseux | zoom=13| latitude=-13.5206 | longitude=24.8087}} This was to practice working with the layout of rural roads/highways in a French mapping style. <br />
==Coastlines/Natural Cover==<br />
{{coord | name=Cantersbury and Elye | zoom=13 | latitude=-38.3079 | longitude=132.8292 }}<br />
<br />
{{coord | name=Fishhook Bay | zoom=13 | latitude=-38.4967 | longitude=134.3956 }}<br />
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{{coord | name=Hawkin Shoals | zoom=14 | latitude=-38.7215 | longitude=134.4024 }}{{territory application username and date}}<br />
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[[User:Geoc3ladus|Geoc3ladus]] ([[User talk:Geoc3ladus|talk]]) 00:11, 1 March 2024 (UTC)<br />
<br />
{{territory application discussion}}If necessary, I will trade my current territory of TA304 - Nayina for this territory.<br />
<br />
* Hello, Geoc3ladus. Your provided mapping is excellent, especially the rural and coastal examples. There could be more European urban mapping, but I trust that you will do fine in that aspect. Certain details are good to be discussed with your fellow potential neighbors (Plevia and Selonia-Flamain) for better regional coherency. Your proposal is fine, however the population of the two cities you've mentioned should be lowered. The capital should be in the range between 600k - 1.4m people (nearby Soulainbourg has 600k), while the second city should not exceed 400-500k. Likewise, the GDP of the nation is way to high, although that is not a deciding factor. If you want to combine Italian and French, I can recommend experimenting with Aostan French, however that is just a suggestion. In my opinion, I'd say that it'd be better if you exchanged TA304 for this territory, and you are free to move any mapping you deem fitting in your new territory. Please respond back with your thoughts on these remarks. ⸺ [[User:Bixelkoven|Bixelkoven]] ([[User talk:Bixelkoven|talk]]) (West Uletha Admin) 02:11, 1 March 2024 (UTC)<br />
As the former mapper of part of this territory I thought I'd chime in with some thoughts: mainly that this is an excellent application! One note: I had intended the area around Saint-Ranier to be similar to the ponds and marshes along the south coast of France, but never fully completed it so the bay is a bit incomplete; that could some inspiration to consider for that area, as its original intent. I also made a history proposal for the area on the forum - if you want some inspiration perhaps you could consider what I have their, though there was never much consensus either way on it. Best wishes! --[[User:Lithium|Lithium-Ion]] | [https://opengeofiction.net/user/Lithium-Ion|OGF] ([[User talk:Lithium|talk]]) 06:15, 1 March 2024 (UTC)<br />
<br />
Hello!<br />
Thank you for taking the time to leave a comment! I fully agree with the comments on the GDP and population; they are too high for this territory. I will take your suggestion on pouplation, and lower these cities' populations to your suggested numbers. On GDP, I did make a naive comparison between real world countries of similar size. I omitted the fact that the GDP of Alebria was supposed to be ''proportional'' to that of the aforementioned countries of comparison. Thank you for bringing that up to discussion. I'll also look into your recommendation for references for this territory. On Lithium's note, I will definitely look into this, as this sounds like a very cool idea. Please leave a link to your proposal, as I would love to take a look at it! Thank you! | [[User:Geoc3ladus|Geoc3ladus]] ([[User talk:Geoc3ladus|talk]]) 20:22, 1 March 2024 (UTC)<br />
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: Congratulations for the approvation, on behalf of Plevia! <br />
At the time, Alexmar and I had already mapped some elements that were reminiscent of Arquitenie, the former name of this area, including references to Remy Valmont, an Arquitenian character (found in some places and street names). Also, feel free to cross the borders and even map something inside the Plevian territory to maintain some realism, as Plevians and Franquese will intermingle. I look forward to working with you!<br />
--[[User:Izaland Terramorphing Committee|Izaland Terramorphing Committee]] ([[User talk:Izaland Terramorphing Committee|talk]]) 11:39, 2 March 2024 (UTC)<br />
<br />
{{territory application approved|Approved. Please discuss the release of your Tarephian territory with the regional admin. ⸺ [[User:Bixelkoven|Bixelkoven]] ([[User talk:Bixelkoven|talk]]) (West Uletha Admin) 10:18, 2 March 2024 (UTC)|Another thing I forgot to mention in my comment above is that, although your rural mapping is pretty good, French rural mapping is a bit different in style, so take that into account alongside the other comments. Happy mapping!}}</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=Forum:Territory_application/AR005_-_Shekud%C5%8D_Izaki/%E8%B5%A4%E9%81%93%E8%8F%AF%E9%82%A6_(Equatorial_Izaland)&diff=22725Forum:Territory application/AR005 - Shekudō Izaki/赤道華邦 (Equatorial Izaland)2024-03-02T04:55:47Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: Fixed some parts</p>
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<div><br />
<div class="forumheader" style="margin: 1; background-color: #eeeeee; text-align: left; padding: 5px;">'''[[Forum:Index|Forums]] &rarr; [[Forum:Territory application|Territory application]] &rarr; {{PAGENAME}}'''</div><br />
[[Category:Territory application posts]]<br />
<br />
<!-- Replace all WRITE HERE items with your application specifics, be sure to preview the page. Preview also displays extra explanation for each section --><br />
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<br />
:''Please fill in the information below to make a territory request.''<br />
<br />
{{Territory application id and name}}<br />
<br />
[Https://opengeofiction.net/relation/84523 AR005] - Shekudō Izaki/赤道華邦 (Equatorial Izaland in Ingerish)<br />
<br />
[https://imgur.com/a/hP708ue Sketch of Shekudō Izaki].<br />
<br />
=== Reasons for this request ===<br />
I am aware that I already own Izaland as a first territory and am coordinator for a second one, both (especially Plevia) still with vast areas to be filled in and detailed, but I would still like to apply for this small territory in order to try my hand at an equatorial area, credibly and truly blending a "Japanese" style with an indigenous one, both linguistically and anthropologically.<br />
<br />
{{territory application physical geography}}<br />
<br />
Shekudō Izaki covers about 35 thousand square kilometers, facing the Gulf of ??? to the north, and bordering Majesia to the west, and Castilea Archantea to the east. <br />
<br />
Located a few degrees south of the equator, the climate is equatorial-tropical, with annual temperatures consistently around 28 to 32 degrees and high humidity levels. <br />
<br />
According to the Köppen classification, the climate is <u>Tropical rainforest climate (Af)</u> in the coastal belt, up to about 100 km inland, where it changes to <u>Tropical monsoon climate (Am)</u>.<br />
<br />
The large extent of tropical forest certainly makes Shekudō Izaki the area with the greatest biodiversity in Izaland, and in <span style="color:#FF0000">recent years</span>, attempts of preserving the environment has been reflected in <span style="color:#FF0000">some</span> conservation projects, <span style="color:#FF0000">although years of resource exploitations, especially in the inner part, have left much environmental damage</span>. <br />
<br />
<span style="color:#FF0000">Overall, the country is relatively safe, making it an emerging</span> destination for eco-tourism.<br />
<br />
(The current layout of Teluktebu will be maintained, basically, with the addition of a few islands along the coast. )<br />
<br />
{{territory application human geography}}<br />
<br />
Three-quarters of the area is covered by tropical forest, and most of the population lives along the coast. <br />
<br />
=== Cities and population ===<br />
Shekudō Izaki has a population of 1.8 million with a positive growth of 1,34% per year. <br />
<br />
The capital is '''Ribochanja (里母長紗市)''', and it has about 620,000 inhabitants (''1.3 million counting the metropolitan area''). Ribochanja, which began as a port for sorting and shipping spices, cocoa, and coffee to the motherland, in recent years also bases its economy on finance and tourism.<br />
<br />
The second city, '''Bandarsungai (𖬡𖬰ᐢ𖬣𖬰ᣗ𖬖𐐢ᐢ𖬭𖬰ᐟ𖭐市)''', with 182,000 inhabitants, is located near the border with Majesia, and its population is mostly Majesian-speaking and of Imani religions.<br />
<br />
=== Infrastructure ===<br />
The road infrastructure is arranged on an east-west axis along the coast, and there is a toll highway that stretches for about <span style="color:#FF0000">150 km around the main urban area</span>.<br />
<br />
There are few roads <span style="color:#FF0000">and by now mostly abandoned railways</span> penetrating inland, most built to reach <span style="color:#FF0000">the now terminated, or near to it</span> mining deposits (gold and bauxite) during the 1960s. <br />
<br />
The railway network consists of a metric-gauge <span style="color:#FF0000">partially</span> electrified line with some doubled sections in the capital area and some branches in the northwest, and a line that stumbles along the Ladaki River for a few tens of kilometers to the east. The capital has a compact tramway network <span style="color:#FF0000">(abput 3 lines, plus a couple more in construction)</span> that assists a suburban rail system.<br />
<br />
The territory has <span style="color:#FF0000">two</span> international airports, one near the capital, and one in the eastern part of the coast. Other small stopovers provide access to villages isolated from the road network. Ribochanja International Airport is connected daily with Saindzaul, and with 3 flights a week with Warohan.<br />
<br />
{{territory application history and culture}}<br />
<br />
=== Historical background ===<br />
Shekudō Izaki is an overseas collectivity of Izaland (華邦海外領土), what remains of a series of colonies and trading outposts owned between the 17th and 20th centuries. <br />
<br />
Gradually coming under Izaland rule beginning in 1615, with the opening of the free port of Shinkō (新港), at the hands of the South Sea Trading Company (南陽貿易会社, Nannyān Mauyeku Kwisha), at that time the territory, called Teluktebu was inhabited by local Majesian-Central Archantan and other Maja peoples. <br />
<br />
==== Future independence? ====<br />
Recent decades have seen several attempts to separate from Izaland, including a tumultuous period of terrorist attacks in the 1990s. In 2018, a referendum for independence was held, but the population was divided between yes and no, leading, at least for now, to a stalemate.<br />
<br />
=== Population ethnicities and language ===<br />
In modern times the population is mostly (about 65%) indigenous, with 8% Majesian, 9% of Bai origin, 12% ethnic Izaki, and 6% other composition.<br />
<br />
'''The official languages''' are Izaki, Majesian, and Teny ny olona (corresponding to Malagasy in the real world), in addition to the Bai language, Lutangese, and a number of local and pidgin idioms. <br />
<br />
Most indigenous place names are rendered in Izaki using the Askaoza system. There is, however, also a version in byakuji (the characters of Bai), but because of the excessive forcing required to render long names in Teny ny olona language, as of 1993 non-Izaki place names are rendered in Askaoza.<br />
<br />
=== Social structure ===<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#FF0000">One of the main challenges for the territory is the social inequality and the distribution of wealth, which is more fragmented and contrasted with that of the motherland. People living under the poverty line are about 14% of the population.</span><br />
<br />
{{territory application past mapping}}<br />
<br />
Main territory: [https://opengeofiction.net/relation/66826 Izaland] <br />
<br />
Collab territory (coordinator): [https://opengeofiction.net/relation/182493 Plevia] <br />
<br />
Some examples of work that may be useful for the purpose of evaluating this application.<br />
<br />
{{coord|name=Komishinan City|zoom=13|latitude=36.1774|longitude=127.501}}<br />
<br />
{{coord|name=Ovāsa Island|zoom=13|latitude=32.3422|longitude=125.5182}}<br />
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{{coord|name=Junlai Quarry|zoom=15|latitude=33.7447|longitude=127.4963}}<br />
<br />
{{coord|name=Izaki Alps|zoom=15|latitude=40.3219|longitude=126.3778}}<br />
<br />
{{coord|name=Sainðaul|zoom=12|latitude=36.0038|longitude=128.9160}}<br />
<br />
{{territory application username and date}}<br />
<br />
--[[User:Izaland Terramorphing Committee|Izaland Terramorphing Committee]] ([[User talk:Izaland Terramorphing Committee|talk]]) 10:54, 11 February 2024 (UTC)<br />
<br />
== Discussion ==<br />
{{territory application discussion}}<br />
<br />
* Hi, can you expand a bit on how you intend to map this Equatorial extractive economy? Keen to see realism, inequality and a bit uneasy with the sketch map and statements such as "awareness of the importance of preserving the environment has been reflected in numerous conservation projects" and "safety of the country also makes it a renowned .. destination for eco-tourism". I think there would be both a real challenge and reward in getting this right, rather than another utopia. Thanks/[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 00:45, 19 February 2024 (UTC)<br />
<br />
Hi, sorry for my late reply, and thank you for the feedback. <br><br />
Most of the mapping will be along the coast, and I plan to focus especially on the port infrastructure, which will be developed specifically to export the materials mined inland to the motherland. <br />
<br>Inland, there will be a number of mining sites with their respective worker villages. Land transportation will be limited to one or two single arterial roads, as well as river transportation along the Lodak River to the east. <br>Of course, as nice as it is, utopias do not exist, so I will try as much as possible to show on the map the effects of what has been and still is an economic exploitation of natural resources, if that is what you are referring to. <br>I am not sure if I have answered your question correctly, but if something is missing, let me know and I will try to add it!<br />
--[[User:Izaland Terramorphing Committee|Izaland Terramorphing Committee]] ([[User talk:Izaland Terramorphing Committee|talk]]) 15:04, 24 February 2024 (UTC)<br />
<br />
: I'm uneasy with statements such as "awareness of the importance of preserving the environment has been reflected in numerous conservation projects", "safety of the country also makes it a renowned (but not cheap) destination for eco-tourism", "in recent years also bases its economy on finance and tourism", " a toll highway that stretches for about 300 km"... As you know, there's no shortage of countries in OGF with far too high GDP, too much developed infrastructure, ... These statements firmly start me thinking along those lines.<br />
: Given the existing territories, I'd much prefer this one to be both a challenge with the geography and culture, but more importantly the inequality of an extractive economy. One where the mineral riches are not matched by well developed infrastructure. One where the mineral riches have been used to fund the development of the main Izaki economy.<br />
: So: patchy/limited highways, limited and abandoned railways focussed on the mines, clear areas of priority to industry over environment.<br />
: If that's where you want to take this application, can you update the sketch to reflect? /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 10:12, 26 February 2024 (UTC)<br />
<br />
:: Thank you for your further explanation of what you would like to see in this area. Even though this is a bit out of my mapping comfort zone, I am taking these requests as an opportunity to grow in my experience, so I will work on the points in the main sketch later today or tomorrow. <br />
:: Just one thought. Today, Japan (from which Izaland is inspired) has no colonies or former territories. Of course, we know that until WW2 Japan had extensive exploitation of resources in other countries in SE Asia, for example the phosphate mines in Nauru and other mineral extraction in Manchuria, but if those colonies/dependencies were to last until today, I wonder how infrastructural the development in the area would be (leaving aside environmental issues and eco-friendliness). Still, with a gap between mainland Japan and these colonies, I think there would be a fair amount of development. What do you think?<br />
:: Thank you --[[User:Izaland Terramorphing Committee|Izaland Terramorphing Committee]] ([[User talk:Izaland Terramorphing Committee|talk]]) 00:45, 27 February 2024 (UTC)<br />
<br />
Just thought of adding a few cents to this. <br />
<br />
This proposal is a bit similar to Okinawa, which is part of Japan but subtropical and generally has a warmer climate than Japan proper. And also [[Wikipedia:French Guiana|French Guiana]], a tropical exclave of France. French Guiana's economy is reliant on fishing, gold mining and timber, and the Guiana Space Centre played a significant role in the local economy. From the proposal, this Izaki exclave also seems manufacturing and port are also significant contributors (replacing the space centre, of course).<br />
<br />
I can imagine perhaps that most modern developments are concentrated along the coastal area, which explains the 300km coastal highway. I can imagine Izaland wanting to keep investing in this colony, so the urban centres would see substantial modern developments. In contrast, the interior would probably see fewer developments, and perhaps a significant extent of environmental destruction due to mining activities.<br />
<br />
In Singapore, we have former quarries which are being reclaimed by nature. Certainly it's possible that after the shutdown of the colony's mines work began to restore nature, and hence promote some eco-tourism in the country. Okinawa, after all, is also reliant on tourism, so I can imagine this shift.<br />
<br />
Overall, realistically I can see this colony's level of development to be similar to French Guiana. Replace the space port with sea port, plus perhaps adding an Izaki air base and military base and we got this colony. I can imagine however the colony could be in decline due to competition with Majesian and CCA ports, and the territory is rather inland, so it might not be very attractive for international shipping routes in the Asperic.<br />
<br />
I hope these thoughts would help.--[[User:Zhenkang|Zhenkang]] ([[User talk:Zhenkang|talk]]) 07:29, 27 February 2024 (UTC)<br />
<br />
::: Thank you, [[User:Zhenkang|Zhenkang]], for participating to this discussion!<br />
::: [[User:Wangi|wangi]], I have now fixed some aspects of this application, please check them out and let me know if with this criteria is possible to proceed, or you want me to change something else.<br />
Thank you, --[[User:Izaland Terramorphing Committee|Izaland Terramorphing Committee]] ([[User talk:Izaland Terramorphing Committee|talk]]) 04:55, 2 March 2024 (UTC)<br />
<br />
<br />
<!-- replace this with {{territory application approved|summary of decision and signature|optionally useful information for the user}} or {{territory application closed|summary of decision and signature|optionally useful information for the user}} on closing --><br />
{{territory application in progress}}</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=Help:New_user_patrol&diff=22691Help:New user patrol2024-02-29T14:43:59Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: /* Lists */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[File:Noun dizziness 2017370.svg|150px|thumb|right|Be friendly: OpenGeofiction can be confusing at first]]<br />
__NOTOC__''This is a page for experienced mappers to identify and contact new users editing in the wrong places. Instructions are as follows:''<br />
<br />
# '''Search:''' The new user list below is updated every 30 minutes, listing the newest user with map edits at the top. Click on a username (skipping any on the "Contacted users" list) and then click "Edits" to see where they're editing. Users with "B" next to their name have an active block, and "b" have been blocked in the past.<br />
# '''Confirm & List:''' If they seem lost, look at the [[OpenGeofiction:Territories|overview map]] to make sure they do not own the area, and check the "Contacted users" list below to confirm they haven't already been contacted. If they're not on the list, <span style="background:#FFFF00">''add them''</span> at the top. Use the format <code><nowiki>* {{OGF user|NEWUSERNAME}} ~~~~</nowiki></code><br />
# '''Contact:''' Send the user a friendly message (see [[#Suggested message|suggested message]]) via OGF inbox. If they are violating [[OpenGeofiction:Site policies|other rules]] (e.g. well-known place names, real companies/organizations, unrealistic content/scale, etc), you can mention those things as well.<br />
# '''Check back:''' If they don't reply to your message, look in on their mapping later. If they are still editing inappropriately, [https://opengeofiction.net/message/new/admin notify admin].<br />
# The ''recent edits'' list on the [[OpenGeofiction:Dashboard|Dashboard]] is also a useful resource, as is the daily [[OpenGeofiction:Activity|activity map]].<br />
<br />
==Lists==<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! Contacted users<br />
! New users<br />
|- style="vertical-align: top;"<br />
|''Please add to the top of this list, using the format:''<br />
::<code><nowiki>* {{OGF user|NEWUSERNAME}} ~~~~</nowiki></code><br />
<!-- ↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓ ADD NEW ENTRY IMMEDIATELY BELOW THIS LINE ↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓ --><br />
* {{OGF user|Asa%20Mika}} / [[User:Izaland_Terramorphing_Committee|ITC]] ([[User talk:Izaland_Terramorphing_Committee|Izaland Terramorphing Committee]]) 14:43, 29 February 2024 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Badaimerlol}} / [[User:Pawl|Pawl]] ([[User talk:Pawl|talk]]) 10:05, 25 February 2024 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|maddy-89}} /[[User:Geoc3ladus|Geoc3ladus]] ([[User talk:Geoc3ladus|talk]]) 15:33, 11 February 2024 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|DanielVS84}} /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 09:30, 24 January 2024 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|alomico}} /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 09:29, 24 January 2024 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Genghixiani_AARoads}} /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 17:18, 14 January 2024 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Toprak}} /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 17:11, 14 January 2024 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Tonny}} 3rd warning with 1m block --[[User:Aiki|Aiki]] ([[User talk:Aiki|talk]]) 00:41, 21 December 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|TrainAndBus13135}} /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 14:25, 14 December 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|martin}} --[[User:Pawl|Pawl]] ([[User talk:Pawl|talk]]) 11:06, 14 December 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|hurrland}} /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 09:42, 14 December 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Charmscobb}} --[[User:Aiki|Aiki]] ([[User talk:Aiki|talk]]) 16:55, 20 November 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|liam mosai}} 10y block --[[User:Aiki|Aiki]] ([[User talk:Aiki|talk]]) 16:55, 20 November 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Tonny}} second warning with 2d block --[[User:Aiki|Aiki]] ([[User talk:Aiki|talk]]) 16:55, 20 November 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|CatRBLX}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 20:36, 18 November 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|WhgfdjkgkgkgkhfgdjdksaghfkshfgjkshgkdghdTOM}} /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 16:15, 16 November 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Ksawerora}} /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 12:55, 14 November 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|leh-c}} /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 10:07, 7 November 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|addriansaw2}} /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 11:42, 17 October 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Engineer%20Tom}} [[User:Izaland%20Terramorphing%20Committee|Izaland]] ([[User talk:Izaland_Terramorphing_Committee|talk]]) 11:12, 23 September 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Mario Neta}} --[[User:Aiki|Aiki]] ([[User talk:Aiki|talk]]) 13:53, 24 September 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Manic}} [[User:Izaland%20Terramorphing%20Committee|Izaland]] ([[User talk:Izaland_Terramorphing_Committee|talk]]) 23:01, 22 September 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Ditalini}} - 1 day block --[[User:Aiki|Aiki]] ([[User talk:Aiki|talk]]) 14:32, 9 September 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|CactiStaccingCrane}} - 1 week block /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 09:31, 2 September 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Ksawery2137}} second warning with block -[[User:Aiki|Aiki]] ([[User talk:Aiki|talk]]) 09:59, 20 August 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|dose}} /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 12:40, 3 August 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|actualNSA}} [[User:Izaland%20Terramorphing%20Committee|Izaland]] ([[User talk:Izaland_Terramorphing_Committee|talk]]) 09:46, 2 August 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|hong}} [[User:Izaland%20Terramorphing%20Committee|Izaland]] ([[User talk:Izaland_Terramorphing_Committee|talk]]) 03:11, 2 August 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|JJat}} [[User:Izaland%20Terramorphing%20Committee|Izaland]] ([[User talk:Izaland_Terramorphing_Committee|talk]]) 13:32, 1 August 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|SAICO192}} --[[User:Aiki|Aiki]] ([[User talk:Aiki|talk]]) 20:27, 24 July 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Tonny}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 16:58, 24 July 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|leotherocketman}} [[User:Liadrien|Liadrien]] ([[User talk:Liadrien|talk]]) 14:33, 23 July 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Thomas}} [[User:Liadrien|Liadrien]] ([[User talk:Liadrien|talk]]) 14:24, 23 July 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|MrArsalan}} [[User:Izaland%20Terramorphing%20Committee|Izaland]] ([[User talk:Izaland_Terramorphing_Committee|talk]]) 04:50, 21 July 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|lewisdoc}} [[User:Lankusiek|Lankusiek]] ([[User talk:Lankusiek|talk]]) 14:14, 28 June 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|ScribeHunter}} /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 09:58, 27 June 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|bou}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 15:22, 26 June 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Alfredocomm}} /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 12:48, 26 June 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Nocom889}} --[[User:Aiki|Aiki]] ([[User talk:Aiki|talk]]) 18:35, 21 June 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|jhody}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 19:52, 11 June 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Eduart}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 19:52, 11 June 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Dudetri}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 22:03, 6 June 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|allenpatrick}} --[[User:Aiki|Aiki]] ([[User talk:Aiki|talk]]) 18:51, 1 June 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Juan&don}} /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 08:45, 31 May 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|otter2714}} /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 12:45, 28 May 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|natpeter816}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 20:41, 24 May 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|SammyStar}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 20:41, 24 May 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Vine117}} /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 13:38, 21 May 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|IgorR31}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 14:10, 19 May 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|jjmakesmaps}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 15:00, 17 May 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Pierater}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 01:59, 3 May 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|alessio2243}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 01:59, 3 May 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Falleret}} --[[User:Aiki|Aiki]] ([[User talk:Aiki|talk]]) 13:01, 28 April 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Savoj}} --[[User:Aiki|Aiki]] ([[User talk:Aiki|talk]]) 13:12, 23 April 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Pentagone}} [[User:Glauber|Glauber]] ([[User talk:Glauber|talk]]) 16:13, 20 April 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Yván}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 20:33, 2 April 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Yousernaim}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 01:51, 24 March 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|ClarkStuff}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 01:19, 23 March 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Mon}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 14:42, 8 March 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|leo武}} /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 12:10, 6 March 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Mchcm}} /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 09:07, 6 March 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Jwillkur}} /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 08:59, 6 March 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Friedrich does things}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 04:16, 4 March 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Bddfan}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 04:16, 4 March 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|ixocrito}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 17:51, 2 March 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Mapputaniumist}} /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 13:37, 2 March 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Grif1n30}} /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 13:29, 22 February 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|james smith the great}} --[[User:Drogda|Drogda]] ([[User talk:Drogda|talk]]) 03:37, 20 February 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Delta13}} --[[User:Drogda|Drogda]] ([[User talk:Drogda|talk]]) 03:30, 20 February 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Souzzzzie}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 19:46, 15 February 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|marsomyx880}} [[User:快乐的老鼠宝宝|快乐的老鼠宝宝]] ([[User talk:快乐的老鼠宝宝|talk]]) 12:02, 4 February 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|cya}} [[User:快乐的老鼠宝宝|快乐的老鼠宝宝]] ([[User talk:快乐的老鼠宝宝|talk]]) 12:02, 4 February 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|cloud_francis}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 16:44, 3 February 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|japyeong131}} /[[User:Drogda|Drogda]] ([[User talk:Drogda|talk]]) 02:57, 30 January 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|MxCo}} /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 10:43, 29 January 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|America}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 03:26, 26 January 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|nsenx}} --[[User:Fluffr Nuttr|Fluffr Nuttr]] ([[User talk:Fluffr Nuttr|talk]]) 02:02, 20 January 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|AndrewNuzha}} --[[User:Aiki|Aiki]] ([[User talk:Aiki|talk]]) 20:02, 19 January 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Mawoka}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 20:35, 12 January 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Gustavo Rocha}} --[[User:TheMayor|TheMayor]] ([[User talk:TheMayor|talk]]) 04:07, 6 January 2023 (UTC)<br />
* {{OGF user|Scotty129}} /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 12:02, 3 January 2023 (UTC)<br />
<br />
----<br />
* ''Please add to the top of this list, not the bottom.''<br />
<br />
|<span class="mw-ui-button" role="button" aria-disabled="false">{{{1|[https://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php/Help:New_user_patrol?action=purge Refresh tables]}}}</span>{{#clear_external_data:}}<br />
{{#get_web_data:url=https://data.opengeofiction.net/utility/new_users.json<br />
|format=JSON<br />
|data=<br />
id=id,<br />
name=name,<br />
latest=latest,<br />
changesets=changesets,<br />
block_status=block_status,<br />
profile=profile<br />
}}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"<br />
! Username<br />
! ID<br />
! Changes<br />
! Latest edit<br />
{{#for_external_table:<nowiki/><br />
{{!}}-<br />
{{!}} style="padding:1em" {{!}} [{{{profile}}} {{{name}}}] {{{block_status}}}<br />
{{!}} style="padding:1em" {{!}} {{{id}}}<br />
{{!}} style="padding:1em" {{!}} {{{changesets}}}<br />
{{!}} style="padding:1em" {{!}} {{{latest}}}<br />
}}<br />
|}<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Suggested message==<br />
<pre><br />
Hi there, I just noticed your [recent mapping](ADD LINK TO CHANGESET) in OpenGeofiction.<br />
<br />
Unfortunately, this area is not open to public editing. Before making any more edits here, please take a moment to read the [site policies page,](https://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php/OpenGeofiction:Site_policies) which has instructions for new users.<br />
<br />
Please note that new users can edit only in the blue territories on the [overview map.](http://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php/OpenGeofiction:Territories) Once you've built up a lengthier edit history, you will be able to [request a territory](https://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php/OpenGeofiction:Territory_assignment). You may also be interested in participating in a [collaborative project](https://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php/OpenGeofiction:List_of_collaborative_projects).<br />
<br />
If you have questions or anything, just let me know. Thanks for understanding, and welcome to our world! <br />
<br />
YOUR_USERNAME (assisting the OpenGeofiction admin team)<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
* [[Admin:Recent changeset comments]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Site maintenance]]</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=User:Izaland_Terramorphing_Committee/Sandbox/Diplomatic_presence&diff=22673User:Izaland Terramorphing Committee/Sandbox/Diplomatic presence2024-02-28T15:21:37Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: Added Banuvian embassy</p>
<hr />
<div>This list tries to categorise all the Embassies located in Saindzaul. <br />
Soon I will try to add all the Izaki embassies built worldwide (if you notice and can add yours, I will be grateful!)<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" <br />
! Country<br />
! (in Izaki)<br />
! in Izaland<br />
! Abroad<br />
! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| {{Allendea}}<br />
| Allendea (𖬮𖬈𖬳ɭᐢ𖬒𖬰ɭ𖬮)<br />
| {{way|24049824|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|246486411|Catamia/Katamya''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Antharia}}<br />
| Antarya (𖬮ᐢ𖬁𐭘𖬬)<br />
| {{way|18981303|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|271408096|Borrodin/Borodīn ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Ambrosia}}<br />
| Anburozhi (𖬮ᐢ𖬇𖬰𐐢𖬬ᐤ𖬔𖬰ᛁ)<br />
| {{relation|266149|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|246952562|Port Ambroise/Pōtanburozhi ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Aorangea}}<br />
| Aorangea (𖬮'ᐤ𖬬ᐢ𖬭𖬰ɭ𖬮)<br />
| {{way|270252099|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Ardencia}}<br />
| Ardenshia (𖬮ᣗ𖬒𖬰ɭᐢ𖬔ᛁ𖬮)<br />
| {{way|24109301|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Artenia}}<br />
| Artenya (TBD)<br />
| {{way|329841294|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{way|329701532|Arténie-Ville ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Bai Empire}}<br />
| Taipyaku Chekuku (''Pyakkuku'')<br />
(大百帝國(百國))<br />
|{{way|25985986|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|273755185|Xiongjing'/Yūkei '(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Banuvia}}<br />
| Banuuvya (𖬡𖬰𖭑𐐢։𝖩𖬌𖬰)<br />
| {{node|TBD|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|345792018|Šarengrad/Sharenguradi ''(embassy)''}} <br />
|-<br />
| {{Barzona}}<br />
| Bartsona (𖬇𖬰ᣗ𖬑ᐤ𖭑)<br />
| {{node|246615106|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|246747784|Carante/Karante ''(embassy)''}} <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Novakia}}<br />
| Belguravya (𖬇𖬰ɭᐡ𖬭𖬰𐐢𖬬𐭘𖬌𖬰)<br />
| {{way|25870225|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Belphenia}}<br />
| Belfenya (𖬇𖬰ɭᐡ𖬌ɭ𐭘𖭑)<br />
| {{node|246609338|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Brasonia}}<br />
| Burasonya (𖬇𖬰𐐢𖬬𖬖ᐤ𐭘𖭑)<br />
| {{way|25870224|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{way|25869257|Campo Verde/Kanpoverde ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Canterra}}<br />
| Kantera<br />
| {{way|tbd|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{way|329619526|Nautecove ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Cinasia}}<br />
| Tukkwa Minkuku (''Tukkuku'')<br />
(徳華民國(徳國))<br />
| {{way|25041266|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{way|259489451|Yu-King/Yūnhūn ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Azure Coast}}<br />
| Kosta-Asul / Satsomaba<br />
𖬭ᐤᒢ𖬁 𖬮𖬖𐐢ᐡ/青浜<br />
| {{way|26503428|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|279000164|Tarjón/Taryon ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Demirhan Empire}}<br />
| Demirhan Chekuku (𖬒𖬰ɭ𖬊ᛁᣗ𖬨ᐢ帝國)<br />
|{{node|270393546|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{way|25907662|Tarsınar/Tarsunār ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{Deodeca}}<br />
| Deodeka (𖬒𖬰ɭᐤ𖬒𖬰ɭ𖬭)<br />
|{{node|TBD|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|280468893|Kingstown/Kīnsutaun ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{Dregovine}}<br />
| Duregovina (𖬒𖬰𐐢𖬬ɭ𖬭𖬰ᐤ𖬌𖬰ᛁ𖭑)<br />
|{{node|270252123|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{way|25079341|Litusava ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|-<br />
|{{Eelanti}}<br />
|Ēlandi (𖬮ɭ⸠𖬈ᐢ𖬒𖬰ᛁ)<br />
|{{node|2=Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|Suursari/Sūrsāri (embassy)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|{{Eicarl}}<br />
| Eikāl (𖬮ɭᛁ𖬭⸠ᐡ)<br />
|{{node|270177557|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Eshein}}<br />
| Eshēn (𖬮ɭ𖬔ɭ⸠ᐢ)<br />
| {{node|271347717|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br>{{node|271347925|Sannupuri ''(consulate)''}}<br />
| {{relation|349505|Noy Tyrrin/Nōityurin''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Federal States}}<br />
| Akazhuu Ryenpoonkuku<br />
(𖬮𖬭𖬔𖬰𐐢𖬮𐐢連邦國)<br />
| {{node|246609281|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br>{{node|270175614|Warohan ''(consulate)''}}<br />
|{{node|270174042|Huntington/Hantinton ''(embassy)''}}<br>{{relation|303898|Jundah/Janda ''(consulate)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Tamor}}<br />
| Tamor (---)<br />
|{{way|26662873|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|278328550|Fiskerlandstaed/Fiskallanstedu ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Freedemia}}<br />
| Jiyu-Furidemya (自由𖬌𐐢𖬬ᛁ𖬒𖬰ɭ𐭘𖬊)<br />
|{{node|225846761|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|231452074|Quentinsburgh/Kentinbā ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Geklinia-Dregolesia}}<br />
| Zhekulinya-Doregoleshia <br />
(𖬔𖬰ɭ𖬭𐐢𖬈ᛁ𐭘𖭑 - 𖬒𖬰ᐤ𖬬ɭ𖬭𖬰ᐤ𖬈ɭ𖬔ᛁ𖬮)<br />
| {{way|24897835|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|259063223|Dobrzanka/Doburuzanka ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Gobrassanya}}<br />
| Gohrassanya (𖬭𖬰ᐤᐪ𖬬𖬖𖬳𐭘𖭑)<br />
| {{way|25853521|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|246883348|Gobras City/Gōhrasshi ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Guai}}<br />
| Gwai (𐩬𖬭𖬰ᛁ)<br />
| {{node|183876027|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Ispelia}}<br />
| Ispelia (𖬮ᛁᒢ𖬇ɭ𖬈ᛁ𖬮)<br />
| {{way|18939591|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|280027089|Fortuna ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Joriskjo}}<br />
| Yoriskyo (ꓩ𖬮𖬬ᛁᒢꓩ𖬭)<br />
| {{node|305861722|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|305860256|Joratuumo-Lusanjo/Yoratūmo-Lusanyo ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Kanglapo}}<br />
|Kānlapo (...)<br />
|{{node|31177867|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|327628661|Nandacheongfu/Nandachōnfu ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|{{Kaosha}}<br />
| Kosakuku (高砂國)<br />
| {{way|25856009|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Khaiwoon}}<br />
| Haiuun (𖬨꜉𖬮𐐢⸠ᐢ)<br />
| {{node|270252037|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Kojo}}<br />
| Kojoo (𖬭ᐤ𖬐𖬰ᐤ⸠)<br />
| {{node|229537296|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|180807349|Pyingshum/Pīnshūn ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Kofuku}}<br />
| Kofuku (𖬭ᐤ𖬌𐐢𖬭𐐢)<br />
| {{way|24051591|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{relation|264862|Bako-Huz/Bakohuttsu ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Kuehong}}<br />
| Kakyaan / Kwehoon<br />
(家郷/ 𐩧𖬭𖬨ᐤ⸠ᐢ)<br />
| {{node|184406162|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|318912470|Bắc Đẹp/Hukkyos''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Lany}}<br />
| Lanii (𖬈𖭑ᛁ-)<br />
| {{way|24050701|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Latina}}<br />
| Latina (𖬈𖬁ᛁ𖭑)<br />
| {{node|183358399|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Layr}}<br />
| Lairi (𖬈꜉𖬬ᛁ)<br />
| {{node|259760797|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|225914698|Lairytyan/Lairityan ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Leresso}}<br />
| Leresso (𖬈ɭ𖬬ɭ𖬖𖬳ᐤ)<br />
| {{node|225970295|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{way|24925661|Aludres/Aludures ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Lorantis}}<br />
| Lorantis (𖬈ᐤ𖬬ᐢ𖬁ᛁᒢ)<br />
|{{node|270393471|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{way|25907707|Neril ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{Luslandia}}<br />
| Luslandi (𖬈𐐢ᒢ𖬈ᐢ𖬒𖬰ᛁ)<br />
| {{way|25870223|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Lutang}}<br />
| Lutān (𖬈𐐢𖬣։ᐢ)<br />
| {{relation|386285|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{relation|386282|Bagong Bandila/Bagōnbandila''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Luthesia}}<br />
| Luteshi (𖬈𐐢𖬁ɭ𖬔ᛁ)<br />
| {{way|261765786|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{way|25148037|Reun ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Mallyore}}<br />
| Malyoska (𖬊ꓩ𖬠ᒢ𖬭)<br />
| {{node|231585594|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|254714198|Nikolovac/Nikolovachi ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Majesia}}<br />
| Majesha (𖬊𖬐𖬰ɭ𖬔)<br />
| <br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Mauretia}}<br />
| Mōretya (𖬊ᐤ⸠𖬬ɭ𐭘𖬒)<br />
|{{way|18898235|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{way|22608094|Iola ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Mecyna}}<br />
| Meshina (𖬊ɭ𖬔ᛁ𖭑)<br />
| {{node|270177534|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{way|17576110|Phoenix/Finikkus''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Mergania}}<br />
| Merganya (𖬊ɭᣗ𖬭𖬰𐭘𖭑)<br />
| {{node|274165555|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br>{{node|274165572|Sannupuri ''(consulate)''}}<br />
|{{node|274166081|Freistat/Furaishutattu ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Navenna}}<br />
| Navenna (𖭑𖬌𖬰ɭⲅ𖭑)<br />
| {{node|270424855|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|270448643|Cità de Navenna/Navennashi ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{New Ingerland}}<br />
| Shin-Ingaalandi (新𖬮ᛁᐢ𖬭𖬰⸠𖬈ᐢ𖬒𖬰ᛁ)<br />
| {{node|270177443|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{United Federation of Ogesten}}<br />
| Ogestennes Kāzhūryenhōn (𖬒ᐤ𖬭𖬰ɭᒢ𖬣ɭフ𖭑ɭᒢ合衆連邦)<br />
| {{node|326506127|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|327756092|Vistju/Vistyu ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Ohemia}}<br />
| Ohemya (𖬮ᐤ𖬨ɭ𐭘𖬊)<br />
| {{node|270539554|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|270895878|Corrostance/Korostansu ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Orinoco}}<br />
|Orinoko (𖬮ᐤ𖬬ᛁ𖭑ᐤ𖬭ᐤ)<br />
|{{node|277757141|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|277994868|Ravalin ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| {{Plevia}}<br />
| Pulevya (𖬇𐐢𖬈ɭ𐭘𖬌𖬰)<br />
| {{node|246609219|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|270094488|Osianopoli/Oshianopoli ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|Pretany<br />
|Puretani (𖬇𐐢𖬬ɭ𖬁𖭑ᛁ)<br />
|{{node||Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|St. Richards/Sei Rīchar (embassy) [planned]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Pyeokchin<br />
| Pekechin (壁珍)<br />
|{{node|246609337|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| Namgyeong/Nankei (embassy) [planned]<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Qennes}}<br />
| Kenes (𖬭ɭ𖭑ɭᒢ)<br />
| {{node|225873972|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Silland}}<br />
| Rwogwovas (𐩪𖬬𐩪𖬭𖬰𖬌𖬰ᒢ)<br />
| {{node|225885492|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Saikyel}}<br />
| Saikyel (𖬖꜉ꓶ𖬭ᐡ)<br />
| {{node|18901259|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|24282007|Nevensad/Nevensadu ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Samiloor}}<br />
| Samilūr (𖬖𖬊ᛁ𖬈𐐢⸠ᣗ)<br />
| {{node|278182283|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{relation|312666|Carispoole/Karispul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Semanya}}<br />
| Semanya (𖬖ɭ𖬊𐭘𖭑)<br />
| {{node|226020841|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Tavauru}}<br />
| Tavauru (𖬁𖬌𖬰'𐐢𖬬𐐢)<br />
| {{node|246609383|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Vartasimalia}}<br />
| Vartashimalya (𖬌𖬰ᣗ𖬁𖬔ᛁ𖬊𐭘𖬈)<br />
| {{way|18939590|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Vodeo}}<br />
|Vodeo (𖬌𖬰ᐤ𖬒𖬰ɭᐤ)<br />
|{{node|279006950|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|328900981|Saviso ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|{{Xochimalta}}<br />
| Shochimalta (𖬔ᐤ𖬐ᛁ𖬊ᐡ𖬁)<br />
| {{node|268206357|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|268187084|Xochimalta/Shochimalta ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|}</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=Forum:Territory_application/AR005_-_Shekud%C5%8D_Izaki/%E8%B5%A4%E9%81%93%E8%8F%AF%E9%82%A6_(Equatorial_Izaland)&diff=22658Forum:Territory application/AR005 - Shekudō Izaki/赤道華邦 (Equatorial Izaland)2024-02-27T00:45:33Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: /* Discussion */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
<div class="forumheader" style="margin: 1; background-color: #eeeeee; text-align: left; padding: 5px;">'''[[Forum:Index|Forums]] &rarr; [[Forum:Territory application|Territory application]] &rarr; {{PAGENAME}}'''</div><br />
[[Category:Territory application posts]]<br />
<br />
<!-- Replace all WRITE HERE items with your application specifics, be sure to preview the page. Preview also displays extra explanation for each section --><br />
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<br />
:''Please fill in the information below to make a territory request.''<br />
<br />
{{Territory application id and name}}<br />
<br />
[Https://opengeofiction.net/relation/84523 AR005] - Shekudō Izaki/赤道華邦 (Equatorial Izaland in Ingerish)<br />
<br />
[https://imgur.com/a/hP708ue Sketch of Shekudō Izaki].<br />
<br />
=== Reasons for this request ===<br />
I am aware that I already own Izaland as a first territory and am coordinator for a second one, both (especially Plevia) still with vast areas to be filled in and detailed, but I would still like to apply for this small territory in order to try my hand at an equatorial area, credibly and truly blending a "Japanese" style with an indigenous one, both linguistically and anthropologically.<br />
<br />
{{territory application physical geography}}<br />
<br />
Shekudō Izaki covers about 35 thousand square kilometers, facing the Gulf of ??? to the north, and bordering Majesia to the west, and Castilea Archantea to the east. <br />
<br />
Located a few degrees south of the equator, the climate is equatorial-tropical, with annual temperatures consistently around 28 to 32 degrees and high humidity levels. <br />
<br />
According to the Köppen classification, the climate is <u>Tropical rainforest climate (Af)</u> in the coastal belt, up to about 100 km inland, where it changes to <u>Tropical monsoon climate (Am)</u>.<br />
<br />
The large extent of tropical forest certainly makes Shekudō Izaki the area with the greatest biodiversity in Izaland, and in recent decades, awareness of the importance of preserving the environment has been reflected in numerous conservation projects. <br />
<br />
The safety of the country also makes it a renowned (but not cheap) destination for eco-tourism.<br />
<br />
(The current layout of Teluktebu will be maintained, basically, with the addition of a few islands along the coast. )<br />
<br />
{{territory application human geography}}<br />
<br />
Three-quarters of the area is covered by tropical forest, and most of the population lives along the coast. <br />
<br />
=== Cities and population ===<br />
Shekudō Izaki has a population of 1.8 million with a positive growth of 1,34% per year. <br />
<br />
The capital is '''Ribochanja (里母長紗市)''', and it has about 620,000 inhabitants (''1.3 million counting the metropolitan area''). Ribochanja, which began as a port for sorting and shipping spices, cocoa, and coffee to the motherland, in recent years also bases its economy on finance and tourism.<br />
<br />
The second city, '''Bandarsungai (𖬡𖬰ᐢ𖬣𖬰ᣗ𖬖𐐢ᐢ𖬭𖬰ᐟ𖭐市)''', with 182,000 inhabitants, is located near the border with Majesia, and its population is mostly Majesian-speaking and of Imani religions.<br />
<br />
=== Infrastructure ===<br />
The road infrastructure is arranged on an east-west axis along the coast, and there is a toll highway that stretches for about 300 km.<br />
<br />
There are few roads penetrating inland, most built to reach mining deposits (gold and bauxite) during the 1960s. <br />
<br />
The railway network consists of a metric-gauge electrified line with some doubled sections in the capital area and some branches in the northwest, and a line that stumbles along the Ladaki River for a few tens of kilometers to the east. The capital has a compact tramway network that assists a suburban rail system.<br />
<br />
The territory has three international airports, one near the capital, one in the eastern part of the coast, and one inland. Other small stopovers provide access to villages isolated from the road network. Ribochanja International Airport is connected daily with Saindzaul, and with 3 flights a week with Warohan.<br />
<br />
{{territory application history and culture}}<br />
<br />
=== Historical background ===<br />
Shekudō Izaki is an overseas collectivity of Izaland (華邦海外領土), what remains of a series of colonies and trading outposts owned between the 17th and 20th centuries. <br />
<br />
Gradually coming under Izaland rule beginning in 1615, with the opening of the free port of Shinkō (新港), at the hands of the South Sea Trading Company (南陽貿易会社, Nannyān Mauyeku Kwisha), at that time the territory, called Teluktebu was inhabited by local Majesian-Central Archantan and other Maja peoples. <br />
<br />
==== Future independence? ====<br />
Recent decades have seen several attempts to separate from Izaland, including a tumultuous period of terrorist attacks in the 1990s. In 2018, a referendum for independence was held, but the population was divided between yes and no, leading, at least for now, to a stalemate.<br />
<br />
=== Population ethnicities and language ===<br />
In modern times the population is mostly (about 65%) indigenous, with 8% Majesian, 9% of Bai origin, 12% ethnic Izaki, and 6% other composition.<br />
<br />
'''The official languages''' are Izaki, Majesian, and Teny ny olona (corresponding to Malagasy in the real world), in addition to the Bai language, Lutangese, and a number of local and pidgin idioms. <br />
<br />
Most indigenous place names are rendered in Izaki using the Askaoza system. There is, however, also a version in byakuji (the characters of Bai), but because of the excessive forcing required to render long names in Teny ny olona language, as of 1993 non-Izaki place names are rendered in Askaoza.<br />
<br />
{{territory application past mapping}}<br />
<br />
Main territory: [https://opengeofiction.net/relation/66826 Izaland] <br />
<br />
Collab territory (coordinator): [https://opengeofiction.net/relation/182493 Plevia] <br />
<br />
Some examples of work that may be useful for the purpose of evaluating this application.<br />
<br />
{{coord|name=Komishinan City|zoom=13|latitude=36.1774|longitude=127.501}}<br />
<br />
{{coord|name=Ovāsa Island|zoom=13|latitude=32.3422|longitude=125.5182}}<br />
<br />
{{coord|name=Junlai Quarry|zoom=15|latitude=33.7447|longitude=127.4963}}<br />
<br />
{{coord|name=Izaki Alps|zoom=15|latitude=40.3219|longitude=126.3778}}<br />
<br />
{{coord|name=Sainðaul|zoom=12|latitude=36.0038|longitude=128.9160}}<br />
<br />
{{territory application username and date}}<br />
<br />
--[[User:Izaland Terramorphing Committee|Izaland Terramorphing Committee]] ([[User talk:Izaland Terramorphing Committee|talk]]) 10:54, 11 February 2024 (UTC)<br />
<br />
== Discussion ==<br />
{{territory application discussion}}<br />
<br />
* Hi, can you expand a bit on how you intend to map this Equatorial extractive economy? Keen to see realism, inequality and a bit uneasy with the sketch map and statements such as "awareness of the importance of preserving the environment has been reflected in numerous conservation projects" and "safety of the country also makes it a renowned .. destination for eco-tourism". I think there would be both a real challenge and reward in getting this right, rather than another utopia. Thanks/[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 00:45, 19 February 2024 (UTC)<br />
<br />
Hi, sorry for my late reply, and thank you for the feedback. <br><br />
Most of the mapping will be along the coast, and I plan to focus especially on the port infrastructure, which will be developed specifically to export the materials mined inland to the motherland. <br />
<br>Inland, there will be a number of mining sites with their respective worker villages. Land transportation will be limited to one or two single arterial roads, as well as river transportation along the Lodak River to the east. <br>Of course, as nice as it is, utopias do not exist, so I will try as much as possible to show on the map the effects of what has been and still is an economic exploitation of natural resources, if that is what you are referring to. <br>I am not sure if I have answered your question correctly, but if something is missing, let me know and I will try to add it!<br />
--[[User:Izaland Terramorphing Committee|Izaland Terramorphing Committee]] ([[User talk:Izaland Terramorphing Committee|talk]]) 15:04, 24 February 2024 (UTC)<br />
<br />
: I'm uneasy with statements such as "awareness of the importance of preserving the environment has been reflected in numerous conservation projects", "safety of the country also makes it a renowned (but not cheap) destination for eco-tourism", "in recent years also bases its economy on finance and tourism", " a toll highway that stretches for about 300 km"... As you know, there's no shortage of countries in OGF with far too high GDP, too much developed infrastructure, ... These statements firmly start me thinking along those lines.<br />
: Given the existing territories, I'd much prefer this one to be both a challenge with the geography and culture, but more importantly the inequality of an extractive economy. One where the mineral riches are not matched by well developed infrastructure. One where the mineral riches have been used to fund the development of the main Izaki economy.<br />
: So: patchy/limited highways, limited and abandoned railways focussed on the mines, clear areas of priority to industry over environment.<br />
: If that's where you want to take this application, can you update the sketch to reflect? /[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 10:12, 26 February 2024 (UTC)<br />
<br />
:: Thank you for your further explanation of what you would like to see in this area. Even though this is a bit out of my mapping comfort zone, I am taking these requests as an opportunity to grow in my experience, so I will work on the points in the main sketch later today or tomorrow. <br />
:: Just one thought. Today, Japan (from which Izaland is inspired) has no colonies or former territories. Of course, we know that until WW2 Japan had extensive exploitation of resources in other countries in SE Asia, for example the phosphate mines in Nauru and other mineral extraction in Manchuria, but if those colonies/dependencies were to last until today, I wonder how infrastructural the development in the area would be (leaving aside environmental issues and eco-friendliness). Still, with a gap between mainland Japan and these colonies, I think there would be a fair amount of development. What do you think?<br />
Thank you,<br />
--[[User:Izaland Terramorphing Committee|Izaland Terramorphing Committee]] ([[User talk:Izaland Terramorphing Committee|talk]]) 00:45, 27 February 2024 (UTC)<br />
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{{territory application in progress}}</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=Forum:Territory_application/AR005_-_Shekud%C5%8D_Izaki/%E8%B5%A4%E9%81%93%E8%8F%AF%E9%82%A6_(Equatorial_Izaland)&diff=22611Forum:Territory application/AR005 - Shekudō Izaki/赤道華邦 (Equatorial Izaland)2024-02-24T15:04:25Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: /* Discussion */</p>
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<div class="forumheader" style="margin: 1; background-color: #eeeeee; text-align: left; padding: 5px;">'''[[Forum:Index|Forums]] &rarr; [[Forum:Territory application|Territory application]] &rarr; {{PAGENAME}}'''</div><br />
[[Category:Territory application posts]]<br />
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:''Please fill in the information below to make a territory request.''<br />
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{{Territory application id and name}}<br />
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[Https://opengeofiction.net/relation/84523 AR005] - Shekudō Izaki/赤道華邦 (Equatorial Izaland in Ingerish)<br />
<br />
[https://imgur.com/a/hP708ue Sketch of Shekudō Izaki].<br />
<br />
=== Reasons for this request ===<br />
I am aware that I already own Izaland as a first territory and am coordinator for a second one, both (especially Plevia) still with vast areas to be filled in and detailed, but I would still like to apply for this small territory in order to try my hand at an equatorial area, credibly and truly blending a "Japanese" style with an indigenous one, both linguistically and anthropologically.<br />
<br />
{{territory application physical geography}}<br />
<br />
Shekudō Izaki covers about 35 thousand square kilometers, facing the Gulf of ??? to the north, and bordering Majesia to the west, and Castilea Archantea to the east. <br />
<br />
Located a few degrees south of the equator, the climate is equatorial-tropical, with annual temperatures consistently around 28 to 32 degrees and high humidity levels. <br />
<br />
According to the Köppen classification, the climate is <u>Tropical rainforest climate (Af)</u> in the coastal belt, up to about 100 km inland, where it changes to <u>Tropical monsoon climate (Am)</u>.<br />
<br />
The large extent of tropical forest certainly makes Shekudō Izaki the area with the greatest biodiversity in Izaland, and in recent decades, awareness of the importance of preserving the environment has been reflected in numerous conservation projects. <br />
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The safety of the country also makes it a renowned (but not cheap) destination for eco-tourism.<br />
<br />
(The current layout of Teluktebu will be maintained, basically, with the addition of a few islands along the coast. )<br />
<br />
{{territory application human geography}}<br />
<br />
Three-quarters of the area is covered by tropical forest, and most of the population lives along the coast. <br />
<br />
=== Cities and population ===<br />
Shekudō Izaki has a population of 1.8 million with a positive growth of 1,34% per year. <br />
<br />
The capital is '''Ribochanja (里母長紗市)''', and it has about 620,000 inhabitants (''1.3 million counting the metropolitan area''). Ribochanja, which began as a port for sorting and shipping spices, cocoa, and coffee to the motherland, in recent years also bases its economy on finance and tourism.<br />
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The second city, '''Bandarsungai (𖬡𖬰ᐢ𖬣𖬰ᣗ𖬖𐐢ᐢ𖬭𖬰ᐟ𖭐市)''', with 182,000 inhabitants, is located near the border with Majesia, and its population is mostly Majesian-speaking and of Imani religions.<br />
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=== Infrastructure ===<br />
The road infrastructure is arranged on an east-west axis along the coast, and there is a toll highway that stretches for about 300 km.<br />
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There are few roads penetrating inland, most built to reach mining deposits (gold and bauxite) during the 1960s. <br />
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The railway network consists of a metric-gauge electrified line with some doubled sections in the capital area and some branches in the northwest, and a line that stumbles along the Ladaki River for a few tens of kilometers to the east. The capital has a compact tramway network that assists a suburban rail system.<br />
<br />
The territory has three international airports, one near the capital, one in the eastern part of the coast, and one inland. Other small stopovers provide access to villages isolated from the road network. Ribochanja International Airport is connected daily with Saindzaul, and with 3 flights a week with Warohan.<br />
<br />
{{territory application history and culture}}<br />
<br />
=== Historical background ===<br />
Shekudō Izaki is an overseas collectivity of Izaland (華邦海外領土), what remains of a series of colonies and trading outposts owned between the 17th and 20th centuries. <br />
<br />
Gradually coming under Izaland rule beginning in 1615, with the opening of the free port of Shinkō (新港), at the hands of the South Sea Trading Company (南陽貿易会社, Nannyān Mauyeku Kwisha), at that time the territory, called Teluktebu was inhabited by local Majesian-Central Archantan and other Maja peoples. <br />
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==== Future independence? ====<br />
Recent decades have seen several attempts to separate from Izaland, including a tumultuous period of terrorist attacks in the 1990s. In 2018, a referendum for independence was held, but the population was divided between yes and no, leading, at least for now, to a stalemate.<br />
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=== Population ethnicities and language ===<br />
In modern times the population is mostly (about 65%) indigenous, with 8% Majesian, 9% of Bai origin, 12% ethnic Izaki, and 6% other composition.<br />
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'''The official languages''' are Izaki, Majesian, and Teny ny olona (corresponding to Malagasy in the real world), in addition to the Bai language, Lutangese, and a number of local and pidgin idioms. <br />
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Most indigenous place names are rendered in Izaki using the Askaoza system. There is, however, also a version in byakuji (the characters of Bai), but because of the excessive forcing required to render long names in Teny ny olona language, as of 1993 non-Izaki place names are rendered in Askaoza.<br />
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{{territory application past mapping}}<br />
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Main territory: [https://opengeofiction.net/relation/66826 Izaland] <br />
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Collab territory (coordinator): [https://opengeofiction.net/relation/182493 Plevia] <br />
<br />
Some examples of work that may be useful for the purpose of evaluating this application.<br />
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{{coord|name=Komishinan City|zoom=13|latitude=36.1774|longitude=127.501}}<br />
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{{coord|name=Ovāsa Island|zoom=13|latitude=32.3422|longitude=125.5182}}<br />
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{{coord|name=Junlai Quarry|zoom=15|latitude=33.7447|longitude=127.4963}}<br />
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{{coord|name=Izaki Alps|zoom=15|latitude=40.3219|longitude=126.3778}}<br />
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{{coord|name=Sainðaul|zoom=12|latitude=36.0038|longitude=128.9160}}<br />
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{{territory application username and date}}<br />
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--[[User:Izaland Terramorphing Committee|Izaland Terramorphing Committee]] ([[User talk:Izaland Terramorphing Committee|talk]]) 10:54, 11 February 2024 (UTC)<br />
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== Discussion ==<br />
{{territory application discussion}}<br />
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* Hi, can you expand a bit on how you intend to map this Equatorial extractive economy? Keen to see realism, inequality and a bit uneasy with the sketch map and statements such as "awareness of the importance of preserving the environment has been reflected in numerous conservation projects" and "safety of the country also makes it a renowned .. destination for eco-tourism". I think there would be both a real challenge and reward in getting this right, rather than another utopia. Thanks/[[User:Wangi|wangi]] ([[User talk:Wangi|talk]]) 00:45, 19 February 2024 (UTC)<br />
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Hi, sorry for my late reply, and thank you for the feedback. <br><br />
Most of the mapping will be along the coast, and I plan to focus especially on the port infrastructure, which will be developed specifically to export the materials mined inland to the motherland. <br />
<br>Inland, there will be a number of mining sites with their respective worker villages. Land transportation will be limited to one or two single arterial roads, as well as river transportation along the Lodak River to the east. <br>Of course, as nice as it is, utopias do not exist, so I will try as much as possible to show on the map the effects of what has been and still is an economic exploitation of natural resources, if that is what you are referring to. <br>I am not sure if I have answered your question correctly, but if something is missing, let me know and I will try to add it!<br />
--[[User:Izaland Terramorphing Committee|Izaland Terramorphing Committee]] ([[User talk:Izaland Terramorphing Committee|talk]]) 15:04, 24 February 2024 (UTC)<br />
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{{territory application in progress}}</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=Sain%C3%B0aul&diff=22599Sainðaul2024-02-24T01:31:11Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: /* Metro system */</p>
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<div>{{ Infobox settlement<br />
|coords_zoom = <br />
|coords_y = <br />
|coords_x = <br />
|layer = <br />
|name = Sainðaul<br />
|native_name = <span style="font-size:120%; line-height: 1.31em;">安作崎・首都特別自治区</span><br/> [[File:Saindzaul_in_kasechi.png|70px]]<br />
|settlement_type = [[Capital Special Administration District]]<br />
|image_flag = Sainzaul flag.png<br />
|flag_caption = Flag of Sainðaul<br />
|image_coat = <br />
|coat_caption = <br />
|loc_type1 = Country<br />
|loc_name1 = [[Izaland]]<br />
|loc_type2 = <br />
|loc_name2 = <br />
| image_custom = <br />
| alt_custom = <br />
| custom_caption = <br />
|image_map = Saindzaul_montage.jpg<br />
|alt_map = <br />
|map_caption = '''From top, left to right''': Tsumiji Station area, Shiitehongi Sumatai Shrine, the dense skyscraper cluster of Eigandan-Senpyan, the Presidential Palace in Kokendake, a view of Kanbata Business Center, the pedestrian street of Tofyushanku Lan, a skater jumping in front of the city skyline, Saint Jeronym Cathedral, night view of Jaihonmu Lan<br />
|ethnic_groups =<br />
|ethnic_groups_year =<br />
|nationalities = Izaki<br />
|demonym = Saindzaulian <br />
|leader_title1 = City Governor<br />
|leader_name1 = Jumyo Attenki<br/>(寿苗掬石)<br />
|leader_title2 = Vice Governor<br />
|leader_name2 = Nahami Tossari<br />
|area_type1 = Total<br />
|area_size1_km2 = 591,12<br />
|area_type2 = <br />
|area_size2_km2 =<br />
|elevation_m = 0 - 567 <br />
|elevation_ft =<br />
|population_estimate = 14,829,146<br />
|population_estimate_year = 2021<br />
|population_census = <br />
|population_census_year = <br />
|population_density_km2 = <br />
|population_density_sq_mi = <br />
|postal_code = 100-0001 - 100-0599<br />
|telephone_code = 02<br />
|metro = tbd<br />
|tram = <br />
|website = toshi.saindzaul.gov.iz<br />
|}}<br />
<br />
'''Sainðaul''' (𖬖ᣟᛁᐡ𖬪𖬰ᣟ𐐢ᘁ, 安作崎・首都特別自治区 ''Sainðaul shuto tukubyes jitsiku''; traditional name in Ingerish '''Sinezawool''', Gaerman '''Zeinzwaül''', IPA reading: /'sainʣa‿ul/) is the largest city and the national capital of [[Izaland]], located one third from north of the country across the Tandan Strait. Sainðaul is one of the most crucial international hubs for economym, culture, finance, production and tourism with nearly 15 millions inhabitants in the metropolitan city (the National Capital District, which corresponds to the city area plus some suburbs), increasing to 22,6 millions including the [[Greater Sainðaul Metropolitan Area]].<br />
<br />
== Etymology - 地名由来==<br />
The name Sainðaul has uncertain origins, and the first records showing something similar to the current name date back to 1243, as in the '''Kojunjasshishū''' (古旬雑詩集) poem the name "Saen Tsoi Ōl" is mentioned. The [[hanji]] currently used for the city name, 安作崎, literally mean "peace - making - promontory", and were first introduced in the Agahaki Reforms of 1659, probably to represent the sound rather for the real meaning.<br />
<br />
== Geography - 地質==<br />
Sainðaul is located accross the two shores of the Tandan Strait, occupying either the continental part of Izaland, either part of Kubori island. <br />
<br />
The original, oldest and historical core of the city is located on [[mount Kokendake]], a less than 200 m hill located 6 km from the central station, that represents the new center of the city. As the settlements expanded towards the sea, along the [[Ariston river]] delta and the nearby islands, since the beginning of the 20th century a wider expansion on the [[Kubori island]] side has seen a major development. Until 1946, the urbanization on Kubori island was actually a different entity, as it was made up of many villages and towns, being '''Bajikoe''' (桐塚, ''Bajikoe'') the main center, with a population of less than 800,000 people in 1945. Even today, going to the western side of the city is referred as "traveling to Bajikoe", although being the western part larger than the original center, the definition is quite wide, so usually one specifies in which area is heading to. [[Bajikoe river|Bajikoe]] is also the name of one of the three rivers crossing the city and eventually reaching the [[Sound of Pa]] in the western area, the other two being [[Jaiken river]] and [[Kunkobe river]].<br />
<br />
The city is almost located on a flat location, however many of the islands in the bay are mountainous, such as Mount Romokagego (567) and Mount Kingaus (456 m), creating a beautiful views when crossing the strait. In the districts of Takarimoto and Tomanae, south west, there are also low mountains and hilly areas, while Garotsu ward also has a vast wetland area, and many little lakes.<br />
<br />
On the eastern part of the National Capital Special District, there are a bunch of towns under the special administration of the capital: Shakihori, Shimoroboe, Dankau, Kaimura and Yōneo. <br />
<br />
=== Climate ===<br />
<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<br />
The first settlements in the current area of Sainðaul date back to 7500 BC, as the necropolis of Chikurai and Oebatsun suggest. <br />
At that time the Ariston river delta was more inland than it is nowadays, and the civilization dwelling in this area was probably devoted to fishing.<br />
<br />
Talking about the first record of a community in the area, the most ancient settlement was probably the nowadays Pakkishoi, then called Arawis.<br />
<br />
==Neighborhoods and cityscape==<br />
[[File:Plaza Carso - CDMX - 2013 - 2.jpg|thumb|right|300px|External view of the DANKORE Museum of Art]]<br />
As already stated, Sainðaul is deeply divided geographically into the eastern, traditional area, and the western relatively recently developed portion, and this division is actually easy to feel while traveling within the city. <br />
<br />
The people living in the eastern part, still considered the city center, as it keeps the old town in Kokendake, the central station, most of the government buildings and some of the most ancient universities, watch from a position of superiority the newer western side (Bajikoe), located on Kubori island.<br />
Although nowadays the income and wealth differences between the two parts are nearly not visible, almost until half of the previous century Bajikoe area was widespreadly known to be relatively poor and undeveloped comparing to the affluent old city. <br />
<br />
Since the early 1990s, the west side has been the focus of a large number of public and private investments, with the construction of railways, subways and large real estate projects, particularly following the opening of the new Asunahama International Airport in 2014. This has attracted a large number of foreign companies, which have located their representative offices near the Eisen area (Eigandan-Senpyan), which is now a pole of competition with the traditional business district of Herubori, to the east.<br />
<br />
=== East side (東部) ===<br />
<div style="float: right; padding: 2px"><br />
{{#multimaps:<br />
| zoom = 12<br />
| height = 500px<br />
| width = 500px<br />
| center = 36.0216, 128.9876<br />
| Marker = 36.0164, 129.0320 ~ Kokendake ~ 古剣舘 <br />
| Marker = 36.02371, 129.04748 ~ Eikuku-ji Temple ~ 永國寺 ~ <br />
| Marker = 36.02644, 129.02727 ~ St. Anthony Cathedral ~ 聖𖬮ᐢ𖬁ᐤ𖭑ᛁᒢ大聖堂<br />
| Marker = 36.0289, 128.9975 ~ Kushidaru Amiya Station ~ <br />
| Marker = 36.0108, 128.9881 ~ Herubori Station ~ 杏登駅<br />
| Marker = 36.0204, 128.9663 ~ Sainðaul Central ~ 安作崎𖬖ɭᐢ𖬁𐐢𖬬ᐡ<br />
| Marker = 36.0374, 128.9754 ~ Ekinðuka / Rosemane ~ <br />
| Marker = 36.0567, 129.0087 ~ Jufurai ~ 朱布來 ~ <br />
}}<br />
</div><br />
The official name of the east side, in Izaki, is '''Dōnbu'' (東部), and this area indicates all the extension of Sainðaul on the Ulethian (continental) side. <br />
The core of the city is located on the delta of the Shirusano River, and on 27 islands located in front of it. Originally the Shirusano River flowed into the Tandan Strait with three branches, but some modifications made during the 19th century have diverted the course of the river and dried up some of the lateral branches, modifying the structure of the delta.<br />
<br />
The most notable areas of the east side are:<br />
<br />
*'''Kokendake''', placed on the central-eastern area of the city, is the original core, with the historical center located on Mount Kokendake, registered as a [[Ulethan Heritage Site]]. This old town like area, places at a height of 100 to 150 m on the sea level, overlooks the rest of the newest urban development, and is often considered as the "Terrace of Sainðaul". On the back of Kokendake there are two wide Buddhist temple areas, also part of the historical and cultural heritage, while the front area downhill hosts the huge '''Kokendake Palace''' esplanade and the park itself, extending more than 1,3 square kilometers.<br />
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* North-east of the Kokendake hill we find the '''Eikuku-ji temple''', founded in 1467, and its surrounding, one of the oldest areas of the historic center.<br />
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* Near '''Kushidaru-Amiya station''' the most upscale and elegant area of Sainðaul takes place, with boutiques, refined restaurants and well established hotels in traditional historical buildings. The style of the buildings in this area, mostly built between the 18th and 19th centuries, are influenced by the cultural and architectural styles of the nations of the western Axian peninsula, with some Victorian, Neoclassical and Neo-Gothic buildings. During this age, many architects from Kojo and Saikyel built several noteworthy buildings, including the National Opera, St. Anthony's Cathedral, and the Parliament building, designed by ....<br />
<br />
*'''Herubori''' is a major business area, where most of the company headquarters are located, spreading as well towards '''Aketsue''' station, where media companies and design studios are concentrated. in the west area of Aketsue we also find '''Tomobeye Lan''', one of the hearts of the famosu Izaki teen culture, where apparel shops, cafes, restaurants and game centers are especially spread.<br />
<br />
* The '''Sainðaul Central Station''' east area, the result of an urban refurbishment project carried on during the 80s, with the 750 m long Noujinkade Boulevard, notable buildings such as the '''Sainðaul City Hall''', designed by the famous Izaki architect Pakali Yassukōri or the central library (architect: Kinshōn Erauki). Other points of interest include the Botanic Gardens, the '''Higoi Tamutta Museum of Art''', visited every year by 20 millions of visitors, especially for objects like "the shadow" or "suspended", the Kaipō-ji Temple and Saint Luke cathedral. The west square of the station covers the [[IZX]] high speed trains and the Airport Express platform, and continues with the Oboehari Business Park.<br />
<br />
* The area between '''Ekinðuka''' and '''Rosemane''' is the main museum area of the city, where there is also an open air fossil park with some dinosaurs and other prehistorical animal rests exhibited open air. Also, in this area there are most of the embassies. <br />
<br />
* '''Shakihori''', with a population of over half a million, is an important satellite city, located north of the capital. Initially developed as bed-town, in recent years it has seen a very high growth in population, thanks to lower costs and the presence of some new university campuses that have attracted students from all countries. Here there are also Mount Katanase and Mount Yunchukahe, favorite destinations for the inhabitants of Sainðaul to be able to spend a day in nature just a few minutes from the center.<br />
<br />
* '''Jufurai''' is located north of the central area of the city, and is one of the most affluent residential areas. Here is the park of the same name, the largest in Sainðaul, and some of the most expensive homes, including villas with swimming pools and luxury residential towers.<br />
<br />
<gallery caption="Views of the East side" widths="220px" heights="150px" ><br />
Guangzhou_Opera_House.png|Herubori business district seen from the Eigan-ji Temple<br />
Changdeokgung Palace Oct 2014 006.JPG|The entrance to the Yotaidyen Royal Palace<br />
Ministry_of_Justice_Japan03s3200.jpg|The Parliament House building<br />
Hannoveraner_Opernhaus.jpg|The Opera House<br />
Mongchonhaeja_1.jpg|The Ekinðuka Park<br />
Matsugamine_Catholic_Church_(front)_2013-01-30.JPG|The Cathedral of Saint Anthony<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
===West side (西部)===<br />
Although most of the people say "Bajikoe Area" to indicate the west side, on Kubori island, of Sainðaul, the official calling is '''Saibu'' (西部), literally meaning "west area". <br />
<br />
Coming from the east side, the first approach is probably going to be '''Kasakuri Station''', also a stop for the IZX services, and most of the [[Izarail]] cross-city network.<br />
Kasakuri Station is mainly a junction point, although some corporation headquarters, high rise residential towers and some shopping malls are also located. North of Kasakuri, the main logistics and goods shipping port area extends, with some cultural venues such as the '''DANKORE Museum of Art'''. <br />
<br />
Most of Hokusei ward is residential in its western side, and occupied by port facilities, warehouses and distribution centers on the eastern side.<br />
<br />
;Eigandan-Senpyan (永玵段船駢 / 𖬮ɭᛁ𖬖ɭᐢ)<br />
[[File:Eisen night view(ai-gen).jpg|400px|thumb|right|View of the business district of Eigandan-Senpyan by night]]<br />
Eigandan-Senpyan, commonly known as Eisen by the locals, is the bustling business core of western Sainðaul. Renowned for its vibrant commercial atmosphere, it serves as a hub for numerous international companies and multinationals, which have established their local branch offices here. One of the key factors contributing to its popularity is its direct and convenient link with the '''Asunahama International Airport''', just a short 15-minute ride away on the Airport Express.<br />
<br />
The area underwent a significant transformation with the 1996 redevelopment masterplan, resulting in a modern and dynamic cityscape, and it is home to some of the tallest buildings in Izaland, including "The Zenith." This iconic skyscraper stands tall with an impressive 94 floors and reaches a towering height of 423 meters. The presence of such architectural marvels adds to the skyline and symbolizes the district's economic prowess and cosmopolitan appeal.<br />
<br />
Despite the urbanity and towering structures, Eigandan-Senpyan seamlessly incorporates elements of natural beauty and tranquility into its modernity. The '''Ikasurun Park''', located in Pikamatsu, offers a serene oasis amidst the bustling city. Here, visitors can enjoy lush greenery, open spaces, and various recreational amenities, providing a perfect escape from the hectic urban lifestyle. Furthermore, the district is adorned with a picturesque green area that runs along the Baijikoe canal network. This carefully designed landscape harmoniously blends with the modern infrastructure, creating a refreshing environment for residents and visitors alike. The canal network not only enhances the aesthetic appeal of Eigandan-Senpyan but also contributes to the overall sustainability and ecological balance of the district.<br />
<br />
Eigandan-Senpyan stands as a testament to the city's commitment to progress, innovation, and the seamless integration of nature and urban development. It represents a vibrant and thriving business center, attracting international enterprises, while simultaneously offering a balance of modern amenities, green spaces, and recreational opportunities to ensure a high quality of life for its (rich) inhabitants.<br />
<br />
;[https://opengeofiction.net/#map=16/35.9798/128.7509&layers=B Riihisano]<br />
Riihisano, a vibrant district in south-western Sainðaul, is known for its unique blend of pop subculture, eccentric fashion, and youthful energy. It has captured the hearts of teenagers and university students, making it a popular destination for those seeking a trendy atmosphere. Riihisano's transportation is highly convenient, with excellent access provided by railways, subways, and trams. The picturesque Bajikoe canal is a major attraction, attracting people of all ages for leisure activities such as strolling, cycling, and picnicking. The canal is particularly enchanting during springtime when the district becomes famous for its breathtaking cherry blossoms.<br />
<br />
Riihisano's distinctive appeal lies in its thriving pop subculture, which is a hub of creativity and artistic expression. The streets are adorned with vibrant graffiti, and its shops and boutiques offer unique fashion items reflecting the district's eclectic and avant-garde style. The district also boasts a bustling nightlife, with numerous clubs, bars, and live music venues catering to the energetic and diverse tastes of its residents and visitors. From underground music scenes to mainstream pop performances, Riihisano's entertainment venues ensure there is never a dull moment in the district.<br />
<br />
=== Notable landmarks ===<br />
<br />
;List of the tallest structures<br />
{|class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"<br />
|-<br />
!scope="col"| Name<br />
!scope="col"| Image<br />
!scope="col"| Height<br /><small>[[Metre|m]] ([[Foot (length)|ft]])</small><br />
!scope="col"| Floors<br />
!scope="col"| Year<br />
!scope="col"| Ward<br />
!scope="col" class="unsortable"| Notes<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|20625217|Twaisahanga Tower 156}}<br />
|<br />
[[File:Tswaisahanga tower.png|150px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|782 (2566)<br />
| align="center"|156<br />
| align="center"|2017<br />
| <br />
| One of the tallest buildings in the world<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|25845866|Koneei BOX}}<br />
|[[File:Koneei BOX.png|40px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|485 (1591)<br />
| align="center"|86<br />
| align="center"|2016<br />
|<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|21622256|Eigandan Senpyan The Zenith}}<br />
|<br />
[[File:Eigandan Senpyan The Zenith.png|60px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|423 (1388)<br />
| align="center"|94<br />
| align="center"|2016<br />
|<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|22403749|Rosemane Gate Tower 105}}<br />
|<br />
[[File:Rosemane Gate Tower 105.png|40px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|416 (1364)<br />
| align="center"|105<br />
| align="center"|2008<br />
|<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{relation|242654|Vertigo Tower}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|401 (1315)<br />
| align="center"|76<br />
| align="center"|1998<br />
|<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|22673110|Firanda Tower}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|397 (1302)<br />
| align="center"|86<br />
| align="center"|2008<br />
| <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{relation|261284|Kashimas Tower NE}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|367 (1204)<br />
| align="center"|78<br />
| align="center"|2010<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{node|279009891|iLand Tower A}}<br />
|[[File:ILand Tower AD.png|40px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|342 (1122)<br />
| align="center"|85<br />
| align="center"|2016<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{node|279009888|iLand Tower D}}<br />
|[[File:ILand Tower AD.png|40px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|342 (1122)<br />
| align="center"|85<br />
| align="center"|2016<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|18555683|IDK Building}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|351 (1151)<br />
| align="center"|82<br />
| align="center"|2008<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|26332610|Ippenjaki Kajaringa Jutaku}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|331 (1085)<br />
| align="center"|68<br />
| align="center"|2019<br />
| <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|23840468|Ippenjaki Kajaringa Jutaku}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|323 (1063)<br />
| align="center"|67<br />
| align="center"|2008<br />
| <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|22673113|Eisen Station Tower}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|296 (971)<br />
| align="center"|69<br />
| align="center"|2010<br />
| <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
''To be continued''<br />
<br />
==Administrative divisions==<br />
Sainðaul does not exist as a '''city''' (市, ''shi'') per se, like the other cities of Izaland. Instead, its top level administrative definition is the '''Capital Special Administration District'''. The subdivisions of Sainðaul are 20 '''wards''' (區, ''ku''), four cities (市, ''shi'') and two towns (町, 'nata'):<br />
<br />
===Special Wards (特別区) ===<br />
{| class="wikitable" width = 650px style="font-size:90%;" align=center<br />
! Name<br />
! Askaozhi<br />
! Byakuzhi<br />
! Location<br />
! Population<br> (2021)<br />
|----------bgcolor=lightblue<br />
|Colspan=5 align=center|'''— Wards —'''<br />
|----------<br />
| Asaji-ku || 𖬮𖬖𖬐𖬰ᛁ𖬭𐐢|| 安佐寺區|| East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Bajikoe-ku || 𖬇𖬰𖬐𖬰ᛁ𖬭ᐤɭ𖬭𐐢|| 桐塚區|| West || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Garotsu-ku || 𖬭𖬰𖬬ᐤ𖬑𐐢𖬭𐐢|| 賀呂都區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Hayatogaru-ku || 𖬨𐭘𖬮𖬁ᐤ𖬭𖬰𖬬𐐢𖬭𐐢|| 久松區|| East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Intsushitsa-ku || 𖬮ᛁᐢ𖬑𐐢𖬔ᛁ𖬑𖬭𐐢 || 鰤基區|| East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Jufurai-ku ||𖬐𖬰𐐢𖬌𐐢𖬬꜉𖬭𐐢|| 朱布来區|| East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Juwon-ku || 𖬐𖬰𐐢𐩪𖬮ᐢ𖬭𐐢|| 中央區|| East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Keiyān-ku || 𖬭ᥫ𐭘𖬮⸠ᐢ𖬭𐐢|| 桂陽區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Kokendake-ku || 𖬭ᐤ𖬭ɭᐢ𖬒𖬰𖬭ɭ𖬭𐐢|| 古剣館區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Kyōði-ku || ꓩ𖬭⸠𖬑𖬰ᛁ𖬭𐐢|| 峡上區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Kyōyos-ku || ꓩ𖬭⸠ꓩ𖬮ᒢ𖬭𐐢|| 峡越區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Riihisano-ku || 𖬬ᛁ⸠𖬨ᛁ𖬖𖭑ᐤ𖬭𐐢|| 尾本區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Saikō-ku || 𖬖꜉𖬭ᐤ⸠𖬭𐐢|| 西港區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Shiki-ku || 𖬔ᛁ𖬭ᛁ𖬭𐐢|| 北區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Shutazai-ku || 𖬔𐐢𖬁𖬖𖬰꜉𖬭𐐢|| 守多彩區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Takarimoto-ku || 𖬁𖬭𖬬ᛁ𖬊ᐤ𖬁ᐤ𖬭𐐢|| 浚里鏡區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Tanahama-ku || 𖬁𖭑𖬨𖬊𖬭𐐢|| 多那島區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Tobeskauri-ku || 𖬁ᐤ𖬇𖬰ɭᒢ𖬭'𐐢𖬬ᛁ𖬭𐐢|| 鴨沼區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Tomanae-ku || 𖬁ᐤ𖬊𖭑'ɭ𖬭𐐢|| 庥内區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Wikkaman-ku || 𐐊𖬮𖬘𖬳𖬊ᐢ𖬭𐐢|| 昱賀満區|| West|| tbd<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Special cities===<br />
* '''Shakihori-shi''' (石登市)<br />
* '''Shimoroboe-shi''' (亀岡市)<br />
* '''Dankau-shi''' (檀洪市)<br />
* '''Ibaruno-shi''' (齒琉能市)<br />
<br />
===Special towns===<br />
* '''Kaimura-nata'''<br />
* '''Yōneo-nata'''<br />
<br />
==Transportation==<br />
Sainðaul is the main hub of the whole country transportation, and all the north-south transit passes through the city. For this reason Sainðaul boasts a very specialized network of road and rail corridors, beside being the main aviation terminal of the country.<br />
<br />
===Railways===<br />
The railway network expands north and south-west from the station of [[Sainðaul Central Station|Sainðaul Central]], one of the busiest stations in the world, with about 3 million users daily. From here conventional and high speed railway ([[IZX]]) cross the Tandan Strait linking the city center with Bajikoe (West) area and other destinations on Kubori Island. At the same way, from the central station other lines diramate to connect with the capital the other main cities of the Ulethian side of Izaland. <br />
<br />
[[File:Kanmon-tunnel railway.jpg|thumb|300px|View of the eastern entrance to the Millennium Tunnel]]<br />
In particular, the main rail link between the two sides of the capital runs in a 3 km 6 tracks undersea tunnel, called [[Millennium tunnel]] connecting the stations of Shin-Ikashuni and Kasakuri.<br />
Another railway link is the Line X of the subway, providing a direct connection for the northern suburbs of Sainðaul to the center of Bajikoe. Lastly, another undersea link is the Kawashaku Line, linking Bajikoe with [[Kawayatsu]], a city north from Sainðaul on the Ulethain side. <br />
<br />
The suburban railway system of Sainðaul is called [[Capital Suburban Network (Sainðaul)|Capital Suburban Network]], and is composed by 16 lines operated by Izarail, including the [[Loop Line (Sainðaul)|Loop Line]], (see below) a circular line running in the original center. On the western side of the city, the railway infrastructure runs on a north-south double corridor. <br />
<br />
====Izarail Network====<br />
<br />
; Loop Line<br />
The Eastern side of Sainðaul, has got a vital heavy rail line that forms a 24,5 km loop encircling the historic heart of the city. The Loop Line, or 環状線 (Kwanjān-sen) in Izaki, holds a significant place in the city's transport landscape.<br />
<br />
While the official launch of the service dates back to 1937, it's important to note that the Loop Line didn't come into existence as a single entity. Rather, it evolved from the amalgamation of various railway segments, skillfully connected over time. Operating with precision, the Loop Line offers a train frequency of every 5 minutes during typical daytime hours. However, the system gears up to serve the bustling rush hours, providing trains every 90 seconds to cater to the high demand. Some of the trains make Hayatogaru Station their terminus, which is equipped with maintenance and depot facilities<br />
<br />
The loop, standing out on city maps with its distinct prussian blue color, is not just a means of getting around; it serves as a hub of activity, and is used daily by an impressive 1.7 million riders. This robust ridership underlines the line's pivotal role in connecting the city's diverse communities and shaping the urban flow of Sainðaul.<br />
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible"<br />
|+Stations list<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Code<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Station name<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Izaki<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Connections with<br />other railways<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Connections with<br />subway lines<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Location<br />
|-<br />
!LL01<br />
|Sainðaul Central<br />
|作安崎中央<br />
|<br />
* Airport Express<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Enishaku Line<br />
* Sainniga Line<br />
* Bajikoe-Dōnnei Line<br />
* IZX<br />
|<br />
*Line 1<br />
* Line 8<br />
*Line 10<br />
* Line 17<br />
* Shindōnsai Link<br />
| rowspan="2" |Juwon<br />
|-<br />
!LL02<br />
|Binno||苠喃<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Enishaku Line<br />
* Bajikoe-Dōnnei Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 4<br />
* Line 17<br />
|-<br />
!LL03<br />
|Shiitehongi||〇〇<br />
|<br />
* Enishaku Line<br />
* Limited Expresses<br />
|<br />
* Line 3<br />
|Shiki<br />
|-<br />
!LL04<br />
|Jigasungai Kōwen||〇〇<br />
|<br />
|<br />
*Line 18<br />
| rowspan="4" | Jufurai<br />
|-<br />
!LL05<br />
|Jufurai Kōwen Niji||朱布来公園西<br />
|<br />
|<br />
* Line 8<br />
* Line 16<br />
|-<br />
!LL06<br />
|Punoidan||〇〇<br />
|<br />
| (At Tensari Omuhate)<br />
* Line 1<br />
* Line 16<br />
|-<br />
!LL07<br />
|Rupekoppe||孱槻<br />
|<br />
| (At Tamanoke Tsunui)<br />
* Line 1<br />
|-<br />
!LL08<br />
|Isenebo||床踔<br />
|<br />
| <br />
* Line 14<br />
| rowspan="4" | Hayatogaru<br />
|-<br />
!LL09<br />
|Igashikura (Taishin Univ.) ||品山(泰進大)<br />
|<br />
* Kidai Line<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!LL10<br />
|Hayatogaru||久松<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Ansoku Line<br />
* Kidai Line<br />
* Sainniga Line<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!LL11<br />
|Rakkashoni||鳶腳<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
|<br />
*Line 2<br />
|-<br />
!LL12<br />
|Sumi-Kokendake||隠古剣館<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Ansoku Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 4<br />
(At Kushigae)<br />
* Line 16<br />
| rowspan="4" | Kokendake<br />
|-<br />
!LL13<br />
|Oritoku||壌外<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 10<br />
|-<br />
!LL14<br />
|Tomiganei||庭ヶ汢<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 9<br />
|-<br />
!LL15<br />
|Tagashiga||浚藻<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!LL16<br />
|Oiseharu||粕墾<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
(At Shin-Oiseharu)<br />
* Shinsabu Main Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 18<br />
| rowspan="4" | Juwon<br />
|-<br />
!LL17<br />
|Herubori||杏登<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
* Ansoku Line<br />
* Airport Express<br />
* Dōnkai Line<br />
* Shinsabu Main Line<br />
* IZX<br />
|<br />
* Line 3<br />
* Line 12<br />
|-<br />
!LL18<br />
|Obakura||〇〇<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 12<br />
* Line 14<br />
|-<br />
!LL19<br />
|Aketsue||薫都衛<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
* Daikiri Line<br />
* Kidai Line<br />
* Enishaku Line<br />
* Bajikoe-Dōnnei Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 12<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Other private railways complete the network of Sainðaul.<br />
<br />
===Tramways===<br />
Before the heavy development of subway lines, Sainðaul had an extensive network of tramways and streetcars, which still survive with a smaller network and some isolated lines in the areas not covered by heavy rail. Still nowadays, especially after the legislation of Mayor Ikaro Asahosai in 2003, a vast program of new tramway projects is on the way, and 126 km of new tracks are going to be laid by 2025. <br />
<br />
====Metro system====<br />
[[File:Metro Sainzaul logo with text.png|frameless|right]]<br />
The [[Sainðaul Metro]] is the mostly underground subway network of the metropolitan area, mainly developed on the two sides of the Tandan Strait. Only three lines cross the strait through the Kishagoi undersea tunnel. The system, as of 2024, is composed of 19 lines (metro proper) and extends on 673.93 km of network. A bunch of privately owned metro-like heavy and light railways complete the network. <br />
<br />
;Owned and run by Sainðaul Metro.<br />
{| class="wikitable" <br />
|-<br />
! Rel<br />
! Code<br />
! Line name<br />
! Opening year<br />
! Extension<br />
! Stations<br />
! Terminus A<br />
! Terminus B<br />
! Thru Service<br />
! Main facts<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242549 1]<br />
| AD<br />
| style="background: #FE7F00;"|'''Agarai-Dōnpuku Line'''<br />
| 1924<br />
| 51,66 km<br />
| 30<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/184719128 Ikashumai Sports Center]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/146716208 Enikezya Forum]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The second oldest line of the system, has been upgraded different times, and also offers and express/rapid services. <br />
* An extension from Ikashumai Sports Center to Yakata is in progress with the opening targeted by 2024<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242565 2]<br />
| HB<br />
| style="background: red;"|'''Hibaru Line'''<br />
| 1919<br />
| 36,02 km<br />
| 27<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/187344183 Naezoto]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/135394631 Mokoba]</br>[http://opengeofiction.net/node/188737257 Hintomaui]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The first subway line built in Izaland, and one of the first in Eastern Uletha, runs west-east in the old core of the city, giving access to the central station area, the government district of Amiya and the historical precincts of the Eikuku-ji Temple. <br />
* Further east the line divides into two branches, one leading to Mokoba, and the other serving as north-south corridod for the city of Oitsura.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242566 3]<br />
| SH<br />
| style="background: #009E4F;"|'''Shakihori Line'''<br />
| 1932<br />
| 42,96 km<br />
| 25<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/256366564 Ansan Shakuiadae]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370158 Iyogateri]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The third line of the Sainðaul Metro network, was first built to connect from north to south the central districts of the capital (Shiitehongi-Herubori). <br />
* In 2019 an extension from Bibawara to Ansan Shakuiadae opened<br />
* Offers a rapid service in the northern part, until Komayunden. South of this station all trains stop at all stations.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242547 4]<br />
| KO<br />
| style="background: #FFD912;"|'''Kokendake Line'''<br />
| 1937<br />
| 18,45 km<br />
| 15<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/129227893 Abawauri]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/126666499 Kawaei]<br />
| <br />
* Onto the Shinsabu Oitsura Line towards Oitsura<br />
* Onto the line 6 from Abawauri to Ipporai-Shindari (only a few trains)<br />
| <br />
* The fourth line of the Sainðaul Metro network, runs partially parallel to the Hibaru (red) line, touching the embassy district (Aguri), the government quarter and the old city (Kushigae, from which the name comes).<br />
* Since the 1998 upgrade, this was the first former line to have a rapid service<br />
* Thru service onto the Shinsabu Oitsura Line towards Oitsura since 1976<br />
|-<br />
|colspan="10"|<br />
[[File:SUL04.svg|1400px|frameless]]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242577 5]<br />
| KE<br />
| style="background: #9E6A51;"|'''Kirifunu Eigandan Line'''<br />
| 1941<br />
| 16,05 km<br />
| 13<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/176782928 Jisahara]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/126666499 Tsuragoi]<br />
| Onto the IR Shosen Line from Jisahara to Kemeusa<br />
| <br />
* The first line built in the Bajikoe area, with the shape of a reversed "L", connects east-west the central district (Konegisa Eigandan and Kirifunu Lan), bending south to Jisahara.<br />
* In 2013 the thru service on to the IR Shosen Line allows rapid trains to reach Komokata. Special trainsets run up to 180 km/h on the special tracks, making this one of the fastest subway in the world.<br />
* Between Komokata and Tsuragoi trains stop at all stations<br />
|-<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242578 6]<br />
| IP<br />
| style="background: #3465A4;"|'''Ipporai Line'''<br />
| 1967<br />
| 47,30 km<br />
| 30<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/259962136 Saibu-Panatsawa]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/229672837 Nari-Gotsurindai]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The first subway line crossing the Tandan Strait, was first built between Ezaesomu and Kotoshiruna in 1967<br />
* In 1973 the undersea tunnel allowed trains to reach Abawauri station, allowing for the first time subway trains to travel between the two sides of the city. This helped to lighten the congestion of the IR lines<br />
* The latest extensions are: from Abawari to Nari-Gotsurindai opened in 2008 (the two last stations, Nari-Gotsurindai and Norihoi are shared with line 18), and from Kōtō-Satahappi to Saibu-Panatsawa in 2018.<br />
* A possible extension via Hōnkūn to Iberotsuna is in the earlier survey stage<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242576 7]<br />
| BJ<br />
| style="background: #00A0BC;"|'''Bajikoe Line'''<br />
| 1972<br />
| 36,47 km<br />
| 29<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/196658312 Pwakkobe]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/147466401 Akettun Shendao]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The line has the shape of the number "5", linking the port area of Riimibaiken city (Komokata Pref.) with the central business district of west Sainðaul, running underneath Eigandan Lan and Shutazai-ku. <br />
* There is a project for a branch line dividing at Sangwya Jiku towards Chikawari, however, no funds are available as of 2022.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242546 8]<br />
| HM<br />
| style="background: #00A2D3;"|'''Hamaas Line'''<br />
| 1958<br />
| 23,95 km<br />
| 22<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/169508181 Kishagoi]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370155 Komayunden]<br />
| <br />
* IR Tandan Kaihyō Line from Kishagoi to Funoshoni<br />
* Ibaches Main Line from Jufurai to Ibaruno<br />
| <br />
* The line has the shape of a "V" letter, and connects the north-west of eastern Sainðaul with the north-east, after reaching all the central locations<br />
* Since it links many islands, the name of the line means "line of the islands".<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242548 9]<br />
| BX<br />
| style="background: #C40062;"|'''Bordeaux Line'''<br />
| 1986<br />
| 14,00 km<br />
| 13<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/135874133 Teyomuka]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/201033004 Shōryān Daishi]<br />
| <br />
* Shinsabu Line from Shōryān Daishi to Hidano (all-stop service only)<br />
| <br />
* The line is the first of the lower capacity lines built in the city. Trains have 6 cars and are fully automated. <br />
* A possible extension to Tsukasai (IR and Agarai-Dōnpuku Line) is in the study phase.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242569 10]<br />
| SO<br />
| style="background: #C46200;"|'''Shakiose Line'''<br />
| 1969<br />
| 32,80 km<br />
| 29<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/122138475 Shakihori]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/229655683 Uhāra-Motu]<br />
| <br />
* Shikisabu Railway to [TBD]<br />
| <br />
* Runs parallel to the Shakihori Line between Niji-Shakihori and Rillantsoye.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242579 11]<br />
| OD<br />
| style="background: #c5e1a5;"|'''Owonideki Line'''<br />
| 2012<br />
| 23.32 km<br />
| 22<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/147457618 Itsayuki-Tonjō]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370188 Jisahara]<br />
| <br />
* Onto the IR Shosen Line to Katayoshi-Juwon<br />
| <br />
* Running North-South mostly following Owonideki Boulevard in the West of the city<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242571 12]<br />
| IS<br />
| style="background: #86EBEB;"|'''Intsushitsa Line'''<br />
| 1995<br />
| 14.23 km<br />
| 13<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/187344184 Kayatsori]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370188 Mewakate-Kippai]<br />
[http://opengeofiction.net/node/342508941 Niji-Yōneo]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The line, one of the shortest of the system, is a fully automated middle-capacity subway, connecting the eastern center with Koyabi island<br />
* In 2020 a new 8,6 km branch line from Tanjānli to Niji-Yōneo opened.<br />
* Averagely 4 services per hour terminate in Mewakate-Kippai, 6 in Niji-Yōneo, and 4 Tanjānli.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242593 13]<br />
| TN<br />
| style="background: #36873c;"|'''Tsuruna Line'''<br />
| 2003<br />
| 39.40 km<br />
| 29<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/229660683 SAIA Cargo Center]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/176765160 Showanul] / [http://opengeofiction.net/node/126143726 Kashimochi]<br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* Passing mostly underground beneath Tsuruna Yaon, the line connects Asunahama International Airport with the western part of the city via Riimibaiken and Tahamuro. <br />
* In the southern part, a spur line connects the mainline from Tsuruna-Mistukane to Showanul, to offer interchanges with IR Lines and IZX Services. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/72E400 14]<br />
| NO<br />
| style="background: #72E400"|'''Nanpuku Otsumi Line'''<br />
| 2004<br />
| 22.57 km<br />
| 20<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/124066185 Migawarae]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370166 Tanjānli] <br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* One of the most heavily used lines of the system, the line connects the busy central hubs of Masuda Agarai, Jufurai, the island of Intsushitsa with the north-eastern districts.<br />
* From the current terminus of Migawarae, an extension to Dankau is in the process of being built.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242580 15]<br />
| UN<br />
| style="background: #db287a"|'''Urenosomi Line'''<br />
| 2010<br />
| 34.31 km<br />
| 24<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/229660683 SAIA Cargo Center]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/176874425 Sakamuso] <br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* Between SAIA Cargo Center and Bibaisone tracks are shared with Line 13 (Tsuruna Line)<br />
* The line draws a semicircle on the western and southern extremities of West Sainðaul.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242570 16]<br />
| KW<br />
| style="background: #816cb1"|'''Kyokwan Line'''<br />
| 2013<br />
| 71.50 km<br />
| 52<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/188445611 Tsukitonai]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/126493368 Kamaishi Kaiyan Kōwen] <br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* The line forms an almost complete mega-loop around the two city centers, connecting prime business areas such as Koneei in Bajikoe with the outer suburbs on the eastern side.<br />
* The tracks are shared with Line 18 between Chikayuda and Kingaus Sangu.<br />
* The original project called for a mega-loop to be completed on the southern part, passing through Kashimochi and Utsullani Islands, but lack of funding so far blocked the project. The estimated cost of completing the line, according to 2020 calculations, is 11.2 billion Etsi. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242573 17]<br />
| ZK<br />
| style="background: #f985bb"|'''Zakumi Line'''<br />
| 2013<br />
| 51.83 km<br />
| 38<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/251115566 Tswankanami Airport] <br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370188 Mewakate Kippai] / [http://opengeofiction.net/node/193581001 Kungaus Sangu Shikumun] <br />
| <br />
* To Kirijima via the IR Gashi Line<br />
|<br />
* The line runs west-east in the northern part of West Sainðaul, and North-South in the Eastern side.<br />
* The pattern is mostly divided into two sections: Kungaus Sangu Shikimun to Tswankanami Airport (or Bibantōri and onwards on the Gashi Line), and Kungaus Sangu to Mewakate Kippai. Some rapid trains however run the whole line in about 55 minutes. <br />
* The tracks are shared with Line 17 between Chikayuda and Kingaus Sangu, and with Line 18 between IDK Arena Station and the Mewakate Kippai terminus.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/292343 18]<br />
| JF<br />
| style="background: #999999"|'''Jufurai Line'''<br />
| 1998<br />
| 27.51 km<br />
| 20<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/229672837 Nari-Gotsurindai]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370188 Mewakate Kippai]<br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* The line runs north-south in the Eastern part of Sainðaul, mainly passing through Jufurai, hence the name<br />
* The subway partially uses tracks of the former IR Dunkōn Line.<br />
* The tracks are shared with Line 17 between IDK Arena Station and the Mewakate Kippai terminus.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/292343 -]<br />
| HO<br />
| style="background: #CD5C5C"|'''Hoze-Oyehatton Line'''<br />
| 2019<br />
| 13.64 km<br />
| 13<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/136187245 Takatsura]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/196658319 Kadokamahiwa]<br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* Fully automated 4 cars light subway line serving the western business district.<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
;Other private metro-like systems<br />
{| class="wikitable" <br />
|-<br />
! Rel<br />
! Code<br />
! Line name<br />
! Opening year<br />
! Extension<br />
! Stations<br />
! Terminus A<br />
! Terminus B<br />
! Thru Service<br />
! Main facts<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/411419 -]<br />
| SX<br />
| style="background: #B22222;"|'''Shubaru Express'''<br />
| 2016<br />
| 53,89 km<br />
| 19<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/124066084 Herubori]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/345089878 Torino Jutakutsi]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* A new privately owned express rail system, it connects Shiratsuki City, east of the metropolitan area, to Herubori over a length of more than 50 km. <br />
* The maximum speed of the trains is 160 km/h (express trains), allowing a travel time of 35 minutes between the two termini (with stops only at Torino Jutakutsi - Shin-Shiratsuki - Jukkapunka - Taimasaki - Kawaei Stadium - Hayatogaru - Agarai-Tomasue - Eiganji - Herubori).<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{{#multimaps: <br />
| service = OGF<br />
| center = 36.0118, 128.8961<br />
| width = 100%<br />
| height = 1000px<br />
| zoom = 12<br />
| maxzoom = 19<br />
| layers = +Standard,+TopoMap<br />
| overlays = +Metro,+Other systems,+Thru services<br />
| overlaydef = {<br />
"Metro": {"function": "publicTransport", "param": [242567, 242593, 242571, 242579, 242569, 242548, 242546, 242576, 242578, 242577, 242547, 242566, 242565, 242549, 242343, 242573, 242570, 242580, 292343]},<br />
"Other systems": {"function": "publicTransport", "param": [303201, 242613, 283141, 283140, 242568, 242572]},<br />
"Thru services": {"function": "publicTransport", "param": [272674, 303222, 303223, 303227, 303270]}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
====High Speed Railway====<br />
The high speed trains run on a mostly dedicated alignment. The most busy link is the '''Kubori Main High Speed Line''' (久保李本高鐵線, ''Kubori Hon-kōchessen''), also called '''Keishin IZX Line''' (京深IZX線, ''Keishin Iziikksu sen'') linking Sainðaul Station with Warohan, the second city in size of Izaland. Within the Capital Special Administration District the trains originating Sainðaul call at [[Kasakuri Station|Kasakuri]], the main station for the High Speed trains in Bajikoe, to head then to [[Sainðaul Asunahama International Airport]], having a dedicated High Speed Railway station underneath. <br />
<br />
Other lines stretching from Sainðaul to the continental area are the '''West Sea High Speed Line''' (西海高鐵線, ''Seikai kōchessen'') joining with Shirukami, and the '''Ryānkai IZX Line''' (両海高鐵線, ''Ryānkai kōchessen''), reaching [[Gaintei]] the access city to the highest peaks of Izaland, in the North-West of the country. <br />
<br />
====Projects====<br />
To decongest the millennium tunnel, a new project to build an alternative rail link between Sainðaul and Showanul is in progress, but due to the highly demanding technical challenges and the consequent costs, the building of this infrastructure is not going to happen anytime soon. This project is tentatively called '''Third East-West Rail Link vision''' (第三東西連絡鉄道線構想, ''Deisan dōnðai lyenlakusen kusān'').<br />
<br />
===Aviation===<br />
Sainðaul counts on three main airports: <br />
* '''Asunahama International Airport''', the main intercontinental gate of the city and Izaland, situated off-shore on an artificial island <br />
* '''Kanui Airport''', located close to the old center, active as a city airport and handling most of the domestic traffic<br />
* '''Tswankanami International Airport''', the former intercontinental airport of Izaland, now is mainly a hub for low cost carrier; located on the west side of the city, in Komokata Prefecture.<br />
<br />
====Asunahama International Airport====<br />
'''Sainðaul Asunahama International Airport''' (安作崎空島國際空港 - ''Saindzaul Asunahama Kukujai Kūnkō'') ([[WAAT]]: '''SUL''', [[ANACA]]: '''DZSL''') is the main international hub of [[Izaland]], main hub for [[Izaland Airlines]] and [[Uletha Eastern Airways]], serving all major international destinations worldwide.<br />
<br />
=====History=====<br />
[[File:Rinkuu.JPG|thumb|289px|The "Asunatotsu" bridge connecting the airport island with the mainland]]<br />
The airport opened in 2014 on a 9 sq km artificial island offshore Kubori island to relieve the congestion of the former '''Sainðaul Tswankanami Airport''', now reduced in size and used as a military base, and the '''Sainðaul Kanui Airport''', located in the continental area of the city, now serving mainly domestic and short haul destinations.<br />
<br />
=====Construction works=====<br />
The genesis of this airport backs to year 1998, when the former international airport of Izaland, '''Sainðaul Tswankanami Airport''' started to show signs of saturation. <br />
Different projects were made about the location for a new international airport, including the expansion of the main domestic terminal of Kanui Airport. However, the promising growth of international flights pushed for a wider projects, so the idea of creating a wide airport on an international island took over.<br />
<br />
At first, there were different ideas for the location of the new airport, including near Kawayatsu or Sabullan. However, the Ministry of Infrastructure, asked, in 2001, to locate the new airport possibly along the route of the newly to be built high speed railway (the [[Sainðaul - Warohan Saikai Line]]), so an area in Komokata Prefecture, about 2,4 km offshore between Riimibaiken and Chikawari was chosen, due to the low depth of the sea (not more than 35 m in the deepest area). Particular attention was made to avoid endangering the reef located in the area. <br />
<br />
The preliminary project was ready by september 2005, and the complete financing of the airport, including the undersea high speed railway, was done by spring 2007. <br />
Building works started finally in 2008, first by landfilling the area to create the island. At the same time, tunnel boring machines started digging the two single tracked 18,7 km tunnels from Komokata to Chikawari area, and the HSR station was nearly completed by 2012. The last two years were taken to complete the construction of the airport terminal itself. <br />
<br />
In 2017, due to the increasing low cost flights, especially by the growing IzaFly low cost carrier, a new terminal was built on the southern area of Asunahama island. <br />
The terminal behaves actually as a satellite building, as everyone needs to pass through the check in and immigrations of the main building. The transfer to the low cost terminal is guaranteed by a inter-terminal people mover.<br />
<br />
=====Naming=====<br />
Since the landfilling of the airport island has been one of the biggest project in Izaland, at an estimated cost of about 18 billion USD, a symbolic name was chosen fo the island, calling it '''Asunahama''' (空島, ''asunahama''), meaning "sky island". This name was also chosen to call the airport itself. <br />
<br />
=====Transportation=====<br />
[[File:Airport_Station_2018_08_part2.jpg|thumb|289px|Inside the airport transit station]]<br />
;Road access<br />
The airport island is connected to the mainland by a 2,1 km steel and concrete, the '''Asunatotsu''' bridge (meaning "Sky Bridge").<br />
The bridge is connected to the Keishin Expressway via the '''Asunatotsu IC'''. It is also possible to access to the airport island via a freeway.<br />
<br />
;Rail access<br />
The airport boasts a transit center offering interchange between 2 subway lines, 5 railway services (including the [[Airport Express (Sainðaul)|Airport Express]] and the high speed railway. The hub station of '''Sainðaul Asunahama International Airport''' is located underground, between the parking area and the airport main terminal itself. Access to the arrival lobby is guaranteed by a gentle slope with mobile walkways, while the access to the 4th floor departure lobby is helped by escalators and direct lifts. <br />
<br />
In 2018 opened a 35 minutes train service, the non-stop SATMEX ('''Sainðaul Airports Transit MegaExpress'''), allowing hassle-less transit between intercontinental and domestic flights at Kanui Airport (the train takes to Osenude station, from which mobile walkways lead to the terminal).<br />
<br />
=== Waterways ===<br />
Water transport has always played a primary role in the connections between the dozens of islands that make up the territory of the city. In particular, until the middle of the last century, when there were still no fixed connections between east and west, the Strait of Tandan, where Sainðaul stays, was an extremely busy strip of sea, where hundreds of ferries and vessels passed through every day.<br />
The approximately 25 km north-south extension of the Sainðaul port area has several ports and moorings. As for the eastern side, from north to south the main piers are:<br />
* Gotsurindai<br />
* Kishagoi<br />
* Fukori<br />
* Tsukasai<br />
* Tsutomaku <br />
* Nagaya<br />
<br />
The main ones located on the western shore are:<br />
* Samopuke<br />
* Kasakuri<br />
* Tsuragoi <br />
<br />
[[Category:Izaland]]</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=Sain%C3%B0aul&diff=22582Sainðaul2024-02-23T05:48:15Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: Added Line 12 branch line</p>
<hr />
<div>{{ Infobox settlement<br />
|coords_zoom = <br />
|coords_y = <br />
|coords_x = <br />
|layer = <br />
|name = Sainðaul<br />
|native_name = <span style="font-size:120%; line-height: 1.31em;">安作崎・首都特別自治区</span><br/> [[File:Saindzaul_in_kasechi.png|70px]]<br />
|settlement_type = [[Capital Special Administration District]]<br />
|image_flag = Sainzaul flag.png<br />
|flag_caption = Flag of Sainðaul<br />
|image_coat = <br />
|coat_caption = <br />
|loc_type1 = Country<br />
|loc_name1 = [[Izaland]]<br />
|loc_type2 = <br />
|loc_name2 = <br />
| image_custom = <br />
| alt_custom = <br />
| custom_caption = <br />
|image_map = Saindzaul_montage.jpg<br />
|alt_map = <br />
|map_caption = '''From top, left to right''': Tsumiji Station area, Shiitehongi Sumatai Shrine, the dense skyscraper cluster of Eigandan-Senpyan, the Presidential Palace in Kokendake, a view of Kanbata Business Center, the pedestrian street of Tofyushanku Lan, a skater jumping in front of the city skyline, Saint Jeronym Cathedral, night view of Jaihonmu Lan<br />
|ethnic_groups =<br />
|ethnic_groups_year =<br />
|nationalities = Izaki<br />
|demonym = Saindzaulian <br />
|leader_title1 = City Governor<br />
|leader_name1 = Jumyo Attenki<br/>(寿苗掬石)<br />
|leader_title2 = Vice Governor<br />
|leader_name2 = Nahami Tossari<br />
|area_type1 = Total<br />
|area_size1_km2 = 591,12<br />
|area_type2 = <br />
|area_size2_km2 =<br />
|elevation_m = 0 - 567 <br />
|elevation_ft =<br />
|population_estimate = 14,829,146<br />
|population_estimate_year = 2021<br />
|population_census = <br />
|population_census_year = <br />
|population_density_km2 = <br />
|population_density_sq_mi = <br />
|postal_code = 100-0001 - 100-0599<br />
|telephone_code = 02<br />
|metro = tbd<br />
|tram = <br />
|website = toshi.saindzaul.gov.iz<br />
|}}<br />
<br />
'''Sainðaul''' (𖬖ᣟᛁᐡ𖬪𖬰ᣟ𐐢ᘁ, 安作崎・首都特別自治区 ''Sainðaul shuto tukubyes jitsiku''; traditional name in Ingerish '''Sinezawool''', Gaerman '''Zeinzwaül''', IPA reading: /'sainʣa‿ul/) is the largest city and the national capital of [[Izaland]], located one third from north of the country across the Tandan Strait. Sainðaul is one of the most crucial international hubs for economym, culture, finance, production and tourism with nearly 15 millions inhabitants in the metropolitan city (the National Capital District, which corresponds to the city area plus some suburbs), increasing to 22,6 millions including the [[Greater Sainðaul Metropolitan Area]].<br />
<br />
== Etymology - 地名由来==<br />
The name Sainðaul has uncertain origins, and the first records showing something similar to the current name date back to 1243, as in the '''Kojunjasshishū''' (古旬雑詩集) poem the name "Saen Tsoi Ōl" is mentioned. The [[hanji]] currently used for the city name, 安作崎, literally mean "peace - making - promontory", and were first introduced in the Agahaki Reforms of 1659, probably to represent the sound rather for the real meaning.<br />
<br />
== Geography - 地質==<br />
Sainðaul is located accross the two shores of the Tandan Strait, occupying either the continental part of Izaland, either part of Kubori island. <br />
<br />
The original, oldest and historical core of the city is located on [[mount Kokendake]], a less than 200 m hill located 6 km from the central station, that represents the new center of the city. As the settlements expanded towards the sea, along the [[Ariston river]] delta and the nearby islands, since the beginning of the 20th century a wider expansion on the [[Kubori island]] side has seen a major development. Until 1946, the urbanization on Kubori island was actually a different entity, as it was made up of many villages and towns, being '''Bajikoe''' (桐塚, ''Bajikoe'') the main center, with a population of less than 800,000 people in 1945. Even today, going to the western side of the city is referred as "traveling to Bajikoe", although being the western part larger than the original center, the definition is quite wide, so usually one specifies in which area is heading to. [[Bajikoe river|Bajikoe]] is also the name of one of the three rivers crossing the city and eventually reaching the [[Sound of Pa]] in the western area, the other two being [[Jaiken river]] and [[Kunkobe river]].<br />
<br />
The city is almost located on a flat location, however many of the islands in the bay are mountainous, such as Mount Romokagego (567) and Mount Kingaus (456 m), creating a beautiful views when crossing the strait. In the districts of Takarimoto and Tomanae, south west, there are also low mountains and hilly areas, while Garotsu ward also has a vast wetland area, and many little lakes.<br />
<br />
On the eastern part of the National Capital Special District, there are a bunch of towns under the special administration of the capital: Shakihori, Shimoroboe, Dankau, Kaimura and Yōneo. <br />
<br />
=== Climate ===<br />
<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<br />
The first settlements in the current area of Sainðaul date back to 7500 BC, as the necropolis of Chikurai and Oebatsun suggest. <br />
At that time the Ariston river delta was more inland than it is nowadays, and the civilization dwelling in this area was probably devoted to fishing.<br />
<br />
Talking about the first record of a community in the area, the most ancient settlement was probably the nowadays Pakkishoi, then called Arawis.<br />
<br />
==Neighborhoods and cityscape==<br />
[[File:Plaza Carso - CDMX - 2013 - 2.jpg|thumb|right|300px|External view of the DANKORE Museum of Art]]<br />
As already stated, Sainðaul is deeply divided geographically into the eastern, traditional area, and the western relatively recently developed portion, and this division is actually easy to feel while traveling within the city. <br />
<br />
The people living in the eastern part, still considered the city center, as it keeps the old town in Kokendake, the central station, most of the government buildings and some of the most ancient universities, watch from a position of superiority the newer western side (Bajikoe), located on Kubori island.<br />
Although nowadays the income and wealth differences between the two parts are nearly not visible, almost until half of the previous century Bajikoe area was widespreadly known to be relatively poor and undeveloped comparing to the affluent old city. <br />
<br />
Since the early 1990s, the west side has been the focus of a large number of public and private investments, with the construction of railways, subways and large real estate projects, particularly following the opening of the new Asunahama International Airport in 2014. This has attracted a large number of foreign companies, which have located their representative offices near the Eisen area (Eigandan-Senpyan), which is now a pole of competition with the traditional business district of Herubori, to the east.<br />
<br />
=== East side (東部) ===<br />
<div style="float: right; padding: 2px"><br />
{{#multimaps:<br />
| zoom = 12<br />
| height = 500px<br />
| width = 500px<br />
| center = 36.0216, 128.9876<br />
| Marker = 36.0164, 129.0320 ~ Kokendake ~ 古剣舘 <br />
| Marker = 36.02371, 129.04748 ~ Eikuku-ji Temple ~ 永國寺 ~ <br />
| Marker = 36.02644, 129.02727 ~ St. Anthony Cathedral ~ 聖𖬮ᐢ𖬁ᐤ𖭑ᛁᒢ大聖堂<br />
| Marker = 36.0289, 128.9975 ~ Kushidaru Amiya Station ~ <br />
| Marker = 36.0108, 128.9881 ~ Herubori Station ~ 杏登駅<br />
| Marker = 36.0204, 128.9663 ~ Sainðaul Central ~ 安作崎𖬖ɭᐢ𖬁𐐢𖬬ᐡ<br />
| Marker = 36.0374, 128.9754 ~ Ekinðuka / Rosemane ~ <br />
| Marker = 36.0567, 129.0087 ~ Jufurai ~ 朱布來 ~ <br />
}}<br />
</div><br />
The official name of the east side, in Izaki, is '''Dōnbu'' (東部), and this area indicates all the extension of Sainðaul on the Ulethian (continental) side. <br />
The core of the city is located on the delta of the Shirusano River, and on 27 islands located in front of it. Originally the Shirusano River flowed into the Tandan Strait with three branches, but some modifications made during the 19th century have diverted the course of the river and dried up some of the lateral branches, modifying the structure of the delta.<br />
<br />
The most notable areas of the east side are:<br />
<br />
*'''Kokendake''', placed on the central-eastern area of the city, is the original core, with the historical center located on Mount Kokendake, registered as a [[Ulethan Heritage Site]]. This old town like area, places at a height of 100 to 150 m on the sea level, overlooks the rest of the newest urban development, and is often considered as the "Terrace of Sainðaul". On the back of Kokendake there are two wide Buddhist temple areas, also part of the historical and cultural heritage, while the front area downhill hosts the huge '''Kokendake Palace''' esplanade and the park itself, extending more than 1,3 square kilometers.<br />
<br />
* North-east of the Kokendake hill we find the '''Eikuku-ji temple''', founded in 1467, and its surrounding, one of the oldest areas of the historic center.<br />
<br />
* Near '''Kushidaru-Amiya station''' the most upscale and elegant area of Sainðaul takes place, with boutiques, refined restaurants and well established hotels in traditional historical buildings. The style of the buildings in this area, mostly built between the 18th and 19th centuries, are influenced by the cultural and architectural styles of the nations of the western Axian peninsula, with some Victorian, Neoclassical and Neo-Gothic buildings. During this age, many architects from Kojo and Saikyel built several noteworthy buildings, including the National Opera, St. Anthony's Cathedral, and the Parliament building, designed by ....<br />
<br />
*'''Herubori''' is a major business area, where most of the company headquarters are located, spreading as well towards '''Aketsue''' station, where media companies and design studios are concentrated. in the west area of Aketsue we also find '''Tomobeye Lan''', one of the hearts of the famosu Izaki teen culture, where apparel shops, cafes, restaurants and game centers are especially spread.<br />
<br />
* The '''Sainðaul Central Station''' east area, the result of an urban refurbishment project carried on during the 80s, with the 750 m long Noujinkade Boulevard, notable buildings such as the '''Sainðaul City Hall''', designed by the famous Izaki architect Pakali Yassukōri or the central library (architect: Kinshōn Erauki). Other points of interest include the Botanic Gardens, the '''Higoi Tamutta Museum of Art''', visited every year by 20 millions of visitors, especially for objects like "the shadow" or "suspended", the Kaipō-ji Temple and Saint Luke cathedral. The west square of the station covers the [[IZX]] high speed trains and the Airport Express platform, and continues with the Oboehari Business Park.<br />
<br />
* The area between '''Ekinðuka''' and '''Rosemane''' is the main museum area of the city, where there is also an open air fossil park with some dinosaurs and other prehistorical animal rests exhibited open air. Also, in this area there are most of the embassies. <br />
<br />
* '''Shakihori''', with a population of over half a million, is an important satellite city, located north of the capital. Initially developed as bed-town, in recent years it has seen a very high growth in population, thanks to lower costs and the presence of some new university campuses that have attracted students from all countries. Here there are also Mount Katanase and Mount Yunchukahe, favorite destinations for the inhabitants of Sainðaul to be able to spend a day in nature just a few minutes from the center.<br />
<br />
* '''Jufurai''' is located north of the central area of the city, and is one of the most affluent residential areas. Here is the park of the same name, the largest in Sainðaul, and some of the most expensive homes, including villas with swimming pools and luxury residential towers.<br />
<br />
<gallery caption="Views of the East side" widths="220px" heights="150px" ><br />
Guangzhou_Opera_House.png|Herubori business district seen from the Eigan-ji Temple<br />
Changdeokgung Palace Oct 2014 006.JPG|The entrance to the Yotaidyen Royal Palace<br />
Ministry_of_Justice_Japan03s3200.jpg|The Parliament House building<br />
Hannoveraner_Opernhaus.jpg|The Opera House<br />
Mongchonhaeja_1.jpg|The Ekinðuka Park<br />
Matsugamine_Catholic_Church_(front)_2013-01-30.JPG|The Cathedral of Saint Anthony<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
===West side (西部)===<br />
Although most of the people say "Bajikoe Area" to indicate the west side, on Kubori island, of Sainðaul, the official calling is '''Saibu'' (西部), literally meaning "west area". <br />
<br />
Coming from the east side, the first approach is probably going to be '''Kasakuri Station''', also a stop for the IZX services, and most of the [[Izarail]] cross-city network.<br />
Kasakuri Station is mainly a junction point, although some corporation headquarters, high rise residential towers and some shopping malls are also located. North of Kasakuri, the main logistics and goods shipping port area extends, with some cultural venues such as the '''DANKORE Museum of Art'''. <br />
<br />
Most of Hokusei ward is residential in its western side, and occupied by port facilities, warehouses and distribution centers on the eastern side.<br />
<br />
;Eigandan-Senpyan (永玵段船駢 / 𖬮ɭᛁ𖬖ɭᐢ)<br />
[[File:Eisen night view(ai-gen).jpg|400px|thumb|right|View of the business district of Eigandan-Senpyan by night]]<br />
Eigandan-Senpyan, commonly known as Eisen by the locals, is the bustling business core of western Sainðaul. Renowned for its vibrant commercial atmosphere, it serves as a hub for numerous international companies and multinationals, which have established their local branch offices here. One of the key factors contributing to its popularity is its direct and convenient link with the '''Asunahama International Airport''', just a short 15-minute ride away on the Airport Express.<br />
<br />
The area underwent a significant transformation with the 1996 redevelopment masterplan, resulting in a modern and dynamic cityscape, and it is home to some of the tallest buildings in Izaland, including "The Zenith." This iconic skyscraper stands tall with an impressive 94 floors and reaches a towering height of 423 meters. The presence of such architectural marvels adds to the skyline and symbolizes the district's economic prowess and cosmopolitan appeal.<br />
<br />
Despite the urbanity and towering structures, Eigandan-Senpyan seamlessly incorporates elements of natural beauty and tranquility into its modernity. The '''Ikasurun Park''', located in Pikamatsu, offers a serene oasis amidst the bustling city. Here, visitors can enjoy lush greenery, open spaces, and various recreational amenities, providing a perfect escape from the hectic urban lifestyle. Furthermore, the district is adorned with a picturesque green area that runs along the Baijikoe canal network. This carefully designed landscape harmoniously blends with the modern infrastructure, creating a refreshing environment for residents and visitors alike. The canal network not only enhances the aesthetic appeal of Eigandan-Senpyan but also contributes to the overall sustainability and ecological balance of the district.<br />
<br />
Eigandan-Senpyan stands as a testament to the city's commitment to progress, innovation, and the seamless integration of nature and urban development. It represents a vibrant and thriving business center, attracting international enterprises, while simultaneously offering a balance of modern amenities, green spaces, and recreational opportunities to ensure a high quality of life for its (rich) inhabitants.<br />
<br />
;[https://opengeofiction.net/#map=16/35.9798/128.7509&layers=B Riihisano]<br />
Riihisano, a vibrant district in south-western Sainðaul, is known for its unique blend of pop subculture, eccentric fashion, and youthful energy. It has captured the hearts of teenagers and university students, making it a popular destination for those seeking a trendy atmosphere. Riihisano's transportation is highly convenient, with excellent access provided by railways, subways, and trams. The picturesque Bajikoe canal is a major attraction, attracting people of all ages for leisure activities such as strolling, cycling, and picnicking. The canal is particularly enchanting during springtime when the district becomes famous for its breathtaking cherry blossoms.<br />
<br />
Riihisano's distinctive appeal lies in its thriving pop subculture, which is a hub of creativity and artistic expression. The streets are adorned with vibrant graffiti, and its shops and boutiques offer unique fashion items reflecting the district's eclectic and avant-garde style. The district also boasts a bustling nightlife, with numerous clubs, bars, and live music venues catering to the energetic and diverse tastes of its residents and visitors. From underground music scenes to mainstream pop performances, Riihisano's entertainment venues ensure there is never a dull moment in the district.<br />
<br />
=== Notable landmarks ===<br />
<br />
;List of the tallest structures<br />
{|class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"<br />
|-<br />
!scope="col"| Name<br />
!scope="col"| Image<br />
!scope="col"| Height<br /><small>[[Metre|m]] ([[Foot (length)|ft]])</small><br />
!scope="col"| Floors<br />
!scope="col"| Year<br />
!scope="col"| Ward<br />
!scope="col" class="unsortable"| Notes<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|20625217|Twaisahanga Tower 156}}<br />
|<br />
[[File:Tswaisahanga tower.png|150px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|782 (2566)<br />
| align="center"|156<br />
| align="center"|2017<br />
| <br />
| One of the tallest buildings in the world<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|25845866|Koneei BOX}}<br />
|[[File:Koneei BOX.png|40px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|485 (1591)<br />
| align="center"|86<br />
| align="center"|2016<br />
|<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|21622256|Eigandan Senpyan The Zenith}}<br />
|<br />
[[File:Eigandan Senpyan The Zenith.png|60px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|423 (1388)<br />
| align="center"|94<br />
| align="center"|2016<br />
|<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|22403749|Rosemane Gate Tower 105}}<br />
|<br />
[[File:Rosemane Gate Tower 105.png|40px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|416 (1364)<br />
| align="center"|105<br />
| align="center"|2008<br />
|<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{relation|242654|Vertigo Tower}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|401 (1315)<br />
| align="center"|76<br />
| align="center"|1998<br />
|<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|22673110|Firanda Tower}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|397 (1302)<br />
| align="center"|86<br />
| align="center"|2008<br />
| <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{relation|261284|Kashimas Tower NE}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|367 (1204)<br />
| align="center"|78<br />
| align="center"|2010<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{node|279009891|iLand Tower A}}<br />
|[[File:ILand Tower AD.png|40px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|342 (1122)<br />
| align="center"|85<br />
| align="center"|2016<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{node|279009888|iLand Tower D}}<br />
|[[File:ILand Tower AD.png|40px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|342 (1122)<br />
| align="center"|85<br />
| align="center"|2016<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|18555683|IDK Building}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|351 (1151)<br />
| align="center"|82<br />
| align="center"|2008<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|26332610|Ippenjaki Kajaringa Jutaku}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|331 (1085)<br />
| align="center"|68<br />
| align="center"|2019<br />
| <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|23840468|Ippenjaki Kajaringa Jutaku}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|323 (1063)<br />
| align="center"|67<br />
| align="center"|2008<br />
| <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|22673113|Eisen Station Tower}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|296 (971)<br />
| align="center"|69<br />
| align="center"|2010<br />
| <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
''To be continued''<br />
<br />
==Administrative divisions==<br />
Sainðaul does not exist as a '''city''' (市, ''shi'') per se, like the other cities of Izaland. Instead, its top level administrative definition is the '''Capital Special Administration District'''. The subdivisions of Sainðaul are 20 '''wards''' (區, ''ku''), four cities (市, ''shi'') and two towns (町, 'nata'):<br />
<br />
===Special Wards (特別区) ===<br />
{| class="wikitable" width = 650px style="font-size:90%;" align=center<br />
! Name<br />
! Askaozhi<br />
! Byakuzhi<br />
! Location<br />
! Population<br> (2021)<br />
|----------bgcolor=lightblue<br />
|Colspan=5 align=center|'''— Wards —'''<br />
|----------<br />
| Asaji-ku || 𖬮𖬖𖬐𖬰ᛁ𖬭𐐢|| 安佐寺區|| East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Bajikoe-ku || 𖬇𖬰𖬐𖬰ᛁ𖬭ᐤɭ𖬭𐐢|| 桐塚區|| West || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Garotsu-ku || 𖬭𖬰𖬬ᐤ𖬑𐐢𖬭𐐢|| 賀呂都區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Hayatogaru-ku || 𖬨𐭘𖬮𖬁ᐤ𖬭𖬰𖬬𐐢𖬭𐐢|| 久松區|| East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Intsushitsa-ku || 𖬮ᛁᐢ𖬑𐐢𖬔ᛁ𖬑𖬭𐐢 || 鰤基區|| East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Jufurai-ku ||𖬐𖬰𐐢𖬌𐐢𖬬꜉𖬭𐐢|| 朱布来區|| East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Juwon-ku || 𖬐𖬰𐐢𐩪𖬮ᐢ𖬭𐐢|| 中央區|| East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Keiyān-ku || 𖬭ᥫ𐭘𖬮⸠ᐢ𖬭𐐢|| 桂陽區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Kokendake-ku || 𖬭ᐤ𖬭ɭᐢ𖬒𖬰𖬭ɭ𖬭𐐢|| 古剣館區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Kyōði-ku || ꓩ𖬭⸠𖬑𖬰ᛁ𖬭𐐢|| 峡上區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Kyōyos-ku || ꓩ𖬭⸠ꓩ𖬮ᒢ𖬭𐐢|| 峡越區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Riihisano-ku || 𖬬ᛁ⸠𖬨ᛁ𖬖𖭑ᐤ𖬭𐐢|| 尾本區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Saikō-ku || 𖬖꜉𖬭ᐤ⸠𖬭𐐢|| 西港區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Shiki-ku || 𖬔ᛁ𖬭ᛁ𖬭𐐢|| 北區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Shutazai-ku || 𖬔𐐢𖬁𖬖𖬰꜉𖬭𐐢|| 守多彩區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Takarimoto-ku || 𖬁𖬭𖬬ᛁ𖬊ᐤ𖬁ᐤ𖬭𐐢|| 浚里鏡區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Tanahama-ku || 𖬁𖭑𖬨𖬊𖬭𐐢|| 多那島區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Tobeskauri-ku || 𖬁ᐤ𖬇𖬰ɭᒢ𖬭'𐐢𖬬ᛁ𖬭𐐢|| 鴨沼區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Tomanae-ku || 𖬁ᐤ𖬊𖭑'ɭ𖬭𐐢|| 庥内區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Wikkaman-ku || 𐐊𖬮𖬘𖬳𖬊ᐢ𖬭𐐢|| 昱賀満區|| West|| tbd<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Special cities===<br />
* '''Shakihori-shi''' (石登市)<br />
* '''Shimoroboe-shi''' (亀岡市)<br />
* '''Dankau-shi''' (檀洪市)<br />
* '''Ibaruno-shi''' (齒琉能市)<br />
<br />
===Special towns===<br />
* '''Kaimura-nata'''<br />
* '''Yōneo-nata'''<br />
<br />
==Transportation==<br />
Sainðaul is the main hub of the whole country transportation, and all the north-south transit passes through the city. For this reason Sainðaul boasts a very specialized network of road and rail corridors, beside being the main aviation terminal of the country.<br />
<br />
===Railways===<br />
The railway network expands north and south-west from the station of [[Sainðaul Central Station|Sainðaul Central]], one of the busiest stations in the world, with about 3 million users daily. From here conventional and high speed railway ([[IZX]]) cross the Tandan Strait linking the city center with Bajikoe (West) area and other destinations on Kubori Island. At the same way, from the central station other lines diramate to connect with the capital the other main cities of the Ulethian side of Izaland. <br />
<br />
[[File:Kanmon-tunnel railway.jpg|thumb|300px|View of the eastern entrance to the Millennium Tunnel]]<br />
In particular, the main rail link between the two sides of the capital runs in a 3 km 6 tracks undersea tunnel, called [[Millennium tunnel]] connecting the stations of Shin-Ikashuni and Kasakuri.<br />
Another railway link is the Line X of the subway, providing a direct connection for the northern suburbs of Sainðaul to the center of Bajikoe. Lastly, another undersea link is the Kawashaku Line, linking Bajikoe with [[Kawayatsu]], a city north from Sainðaul on the Ulethain side. <br />
<br />
The suburban railway system of Sainðaul is called [[Capital Suburban Network (Sainðaul)|Capital Suburban Network]], and is composed by 16 lines operated by Izarail, including the [[Loop Line (Sainðaul)|Loop Line]], (see below) a circular line running in the original center. On the western side of the city, the railway infrastructure runs on a north-south double corridor. <br />
<br />
====Izarail Network====<br />
<br />
; Loop Line<br />
The Eastern side of Sainðaul, has got a vital heavy rail line that forms a 24,5 km loop encircling the historic heart of the city. The Loop Line, or 環状線 (Kwanjān-sen) in Izaki, holds a significant place in the city's transport landscape.<br />
<br />
While the official launch of the service dates back to 1937, it's important to note that the Loop Line didn't come into existence as a single entity. Rather, it evolved from the amalgamation of various railway segments, skillfully connected over time. Operating with precision, the Loop Line offers a train frequency of every 5 minutes during typical daytime hours. However, the system gears up to serve the bustling rush hours, providing trains every 90 seconds to cater to the high demand. Some of the trains make Hayatogaru Station their terminus, which is equipped with maintenance and depot facilities<br />
<br />
The loop, standing out on city maps with its distinct prussian blue color, is not just a means of getting around; it serves as a hub of activity, and is used daily by an impressive 1.7 million riders. This robust ridership underlines the line's pivotal role in connecting the city's diverse communities and shaping the urban flow of Sainðaul.<br />
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible"<br />
|+Stations list<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Code<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Station name<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Izaki<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Connections with<br />other railways<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Connections with<br />subway lines<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Location<br />
|-<br />
!LL01<br />
|Sainðaul Central<br />
|作安崎中央<br />
|<br />
* Airport Express<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Enishaku Line<br />
* Sainniga Line<br />
* Bajikoe-Dōnnei Line<br />
* IZX<br />
|<br />
*Line 1<br />
* Line 8<br />
*Line 10<br />
* Line 17<br />
* Shindōnsai Link<br />
| rowspan="2" |Juwon<br />
|-<br />
!LL02<br />
|Binno||苠喃<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Enishaku Line<br />
* Bajikoe-Dōnnei Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 4<br />
* Line 17<br />
|-<br />
!LL03<br />
|Shiitehongi||〇〇<br />
|<br />
* Enishaku Line<br />
* Limited Expresses<br />
|<br />
* Line 3<br />
|Shiki<br />
|-<br />
!LL04<br />
|Jigasungai Kōwen||〇〇<br />
|<br />
|<br />
*Line 18<br />
| rowspan="4" | Jufurai<br />
|-<br />
!LL05<br />
|Jufurai Kōwen Niji||朱布来公園西<br />
|<br />
|<br />
* Line 8<br />
* Line 16<br />
|-<br />
!LL06<br />
|Punoidan||〇〇<br />
|<br />
| (At Tensari Omuhate)<br />
* Line 1<br />
* Line 16<br />
|-<br />
!LL07<br />
|Rupekoppe||孱槻<br />
|<br />
| (At Tamanoke Tsunui)<br />
* Line 1<br />
|-<br />
!LL08<br />
|Isenebo||床踔<br />
|<br />
| <br />
* Line 14<br />
| rowspan="4" | Hayatogaru<br />
|-<br />
!LL09<br />
|Igashikura (Taishin Univ.) ||品山(泰進大)<br />
|<br />
* Kidai Line<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!LL10<br />
|Hayatogaru||久松<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Ansoku Line<br />
* Kidai Line<br />
* Sainniga Line<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!LL11<br />
|Rakkashoni||鳶腳<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
|<br />
*Line 2<br />
|-<br />
!LL12<br />
|Sumi-Kokendake||隠古剣館<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Ansoku Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 4<br />
(At Kushigae)<br />
* Line 16<br />
| rowspan="4" | Kokendake<br />
|-<br />
!LL13<br />
|Oritoku||壌外<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 10<br />
|-<br />
!LL14<br />
|Tomiganei||庭ヶ汢<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 9<br />
|-<br />
!LL15<br />
|Tagashiga||浚藻<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!LL16<br />
|Oiseharu||粕墾<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
(At Shin-Oiseharu)<br />
* Shinsabu Main Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 18<br />
| rowspan="4" | Juwon<br />
|-<br />
!LL17<br />
|Herubori||杏登<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
* Ansoku Line<br />
* Airport Express<br />
* Dōnkai Line<br />
* Shinsabu Main Line<br />
* IZX<br />
|<br />
* Line 3<br />
* Line 12<br />
|-<br />
!LL18<br />
|Obakura||〇〇<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 12<br />
* Line 14<br />
|-<br />
!LL19<br />
|Aketsue||薫都衛<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
* Daikiri Line<br />
* Kidai Line<br />
* Enishaku Line<br />
* Bajikoe-Dōnnei Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 12<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Other private railways complete the network of Sainðaul.<br />
<br />
===Tramways===<br />
Before the heavy development of subway lines, Sainðaul had an extensive network of tramways and streetcars, which still survive with a smaller network and some isolated lines in the areas not covered by heavy rail. Still nowadays, especially after the legislation of Mayor Ikaro Asahosai in 2003, a vast program of new tramway projects is on the way, and 126 km of new tracks are going to be laid by 2025. <br />
<br />
====Metro system====<br />
[[File:Metro Sainzaul logo with text.png|frameless|right]]<br />
The [[Sainðaul Metro]] is the mostly underground subway network of the metropolitan area, mainly developed on the two sides of the Tandan Strait. Only three lines cross the strait through the Kishagoi undersea tunnel. The system, as of 2023, is composed of 19 lines (metro proper) and extends on 673.93 km of network.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" <br />
|-<br />
! Rel<br />
! Code<br />
! Line name<br />
! Opening year<br />
! Extension<br />
! Stations<br />
! Terminus A<br />
! Terminus B<br />
! Thru Service<br />
! Main facts<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242549 1]<br />
| AD<br />
| style="background: #FE7F00;"|'''Agarai-Dōnpuku Line'''<br />
| 1924<br />
| 51,66 km<br />
| 30<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/184719128 Ikashumai Sports Center]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/146716208 Enikezya Forum]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The second oldest line of the system, has been upgraded different times, and also offers and express/rapid services. <br />
* An extension from Ikashumai Sports Center to Yakata is in progress with the opening targeted by 2024<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242565 2]<br />
| HB<br />
| style="background: red;"|'''Hibaru Line'''<br />
| 1919<br />
| 36,02 km<br />
| 27<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/187344183 Naezoto]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/135394631 Mokoba]</br>[http://opengeofiction.net/node/188737257 Hintomaui]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The first subway line built in Izaland, and one of the first in Eastern Uletha, runs west-east in the old core of the city, giving access to the central station area, the government district of Amiya and the historical precincts of the Eikuku-ji Temple. <br />
* Further east the line divides into two branches, one leading to Mokoba, and the other serving as north-south corridod for the city of Oitsura.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242566 3]<br />
| SH<br />
| style="background: #009E4F;"|'''Shakihori Line'''<br />
| 1932<br />
| 42,96 km<br />
| 25<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/256366564 Ansan Shakuiadae]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370158 Iyogateri]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The third line of the Sainðaul Metro network, was first built to connect from north to south the central districts of the capital (Shiitehongi-Herubori). <br />
* In 2019 an extension from Bibawara to Ansan Shakuiadae opened<br />
* Offers a rapid service in the northern part, until Komayunden. South of this station all trains stop at all stations.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242547 4]<br />
| KO<br />
| style="background: #FFD912;"|'''Kokendake Line'''<br />
| 1937<br />
| 18,45 km<br />
| 15<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/129227893 Abawauri]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/126666499 Kawaei]<br />
| <br />
* Onto the Shinsabu Oitsura Line towards Oitsura<br />
* Onto the line 6 from Abawauri to Ipporai-Shindari (only a few trains)<br />
| <br />
* The fourth line of the Sainðaul Metro network, runs partially parallel to the Hibaru (red) line, touching the embassy district (Aguri), the government quarter and the old city (Kushigae, from which the name comes).<br />
* Since the 1998 upgrade, this was the first former line to have a rapid service<br />
* Thru service onto the Shinsabu Oitsura Line towards Oitsura since 1976<br />
|-<br />
|colspan="10"|<br />
[[File:SUL04.svg|1400px|frameless]]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242577 5]<br />
| KE<br />
| style="background: #9E6A51;"|'''Kirifunu Eigandan Line'''<br />
| 1941<br />
| 16,05 km<br />
| 13<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/176782928 Jisahara]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/126666499 Tsuragoi]<br />
| Onto the IR Shosen Line from Jisahara to Kemeusa<br />
| <br />
* The first line built in the Bajikoe area, with the shape of a reversed "L", connects east-west the central district (Konegisa Eigandan and Kirifunu Lan), bending south to Jisahara.<br />
* In 2013 the thru service on to the IR Shosen Line allows rapid trains to reach Komokata. Special trainsets run up to 180 km/h on the special tracks, making this one of the fastest subway in the world.<br />
* Between Komokata and Tsuragoi trains stop at all stations<br />
|-<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242578 6]<br />
| IP<br />
| style="background: #3465A4;"|'''Ipporai Line'''<br />
| 1967<br />
| 47,30 km<br />
| 30<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/259962136 Saibu-Panatsawa]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/229672837 Nari-Gotsurindai]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The first subway line crossing the Tandan Strait, was first built between Ezaesomu and Kotoshiruna in 1967<br />
* In 1973 the undersea tunnel allowed trains to reach Abawauri station, allowing for the first time subway trains to travel between the two sides of the city. This helped to lighten the congestion of the IR lines<br />
* The latest extensions are: from Abawari to Nari-Gotsurindai opened in 2008 (the two last stations, Nari-Gotsurindai and Norihoi are shared with line 18), and from Kōtō-Satahappi to Saibu-Panatsawa in 2018.<br />
* A possible extension via Hōnkūn to Iberotsuna is in the earlier survey stage<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242576 7]<br />
| BJ<br />
| style="background: #00A0BC;"|'''Bajikoe Line'''<br />
| 1972<br />
| 36,47 km<br />
| 29<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/196658312 Pwakkobe]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/147466401 Akettun Shendao]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The line has the shape of the number "5", linking the port area of Riimibaiken city (Komokata Pref.) with the central business district of west Sainðaul, running underneath Eigandan Lan and Shutazai-ku. <br />
* There is a project for a branch line dividing at Sangwya Jiku towards Chikawari, however, no funds are available as of 2022.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242546 8]<br />
| HM<br />
| style="background: #00A2D3;"|'''Hamaas Line'''<br />
| 1958<br />
| 23,95 km<br />
| 22<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/169508181 Kishagoi]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370155 Komayunden]<br />
| <br />
* IR Tandan Kaihyō Line from Kishagoi to Funoshoni<br />
* Ibaches Main Line from Jufurai to Ibaruno<br />
| <br />
* The line has the shape of a "V" letter, and connects the north-west of eastern Sainðaul with the north-east, after reaching all the central locations<br />
* Since it links many islands, the name of the line means "line of the islands".<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242548 9]<br />
| BX<br />
| style="background: #C40062;"|'''Bordeaux Line'''<br />
| 1986<br />
| 14,00 km<br />
| 13<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/135874133 Teyomuka]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/201033004 Shōryān Daishi]<br />
| <br />
* Shinsabu Line from Shōryān Daishi to Hidano (all-stop service only)<br />
| <br />
* The line is the first of the lower capacity lines built in the city. Trains have 6 cars and are fully automated. <br />
* A possible extension to Tsukasai (IR and Agarai-Dōnpuku Line) is in the study phase.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242569 10]<br />
| SO<br />
| style="background: #C46200;"|'''Shakiose Line'''<br />
| 1969<br />
| 32,80 km<br />
| 29<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/122138475 Shakihori]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/229655683 Uhāra-Motu]<br />
| <br />
* Shikisabu Railway to [TBD]<br />
| <br />
* Runs parallel to the Shakihori Line between Niji-Shakihori and Rillantsoye.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242579 11]<br />
| OD<br />
| style="background: #c5e1a5;"|'''Owonideki Line'''<br />
| 2012<br />
| 23.32 km<br />
| 22<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/147457618 Itsayuki-Tonjō]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370188 Jisahara]<br />
| <br />
* Onto the IR Shosen Line to Katayoshi-Juwon<br />
| <br />
* Running North-South mostly following Owonideki Boulevard in the West of the city<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242571 12]<br />
| IS<br />
| style="background: #86EBEB;"|'''Intsushitsa Line'''<br />
| 1995<br />
| 14.23 km<br />
| 13<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/187344184 Kayatsori]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370188 Mewakate-Kippai]<br />
[http://opengeofiction.net/node/342508941 Niji-Yōneo]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The line, one of the shortest of the system, is a fully automated middle-capacity subway, connecting the eastern center with Koyabi island<br />
* In 2020 a new 8,6 km branch line from Tanjānli to Niji-Yōneo opened.<br />
* Averagely 4 services per hour terminate in Mewakate-Kippai, 6 in Niji-Yōneo, and 4 Tanjānli.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242593 13]<br />
| TN<br />
| style="background: #36873c;"|'''Tsuruna Line'''<br />
| 2003<br />
| 39.40 km<br />
| 29<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/229660683 SAIA Cargo Center]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/176765160 Showanul] / [http://opengeofiction.net/node/126143726 Kashimochi]<br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* Passing mostly underground beneath Tsuruna Yaon, the line connects Asunahama International Airport with the western part of the city via Riimibaiken and Tahamuro. <br />
* In the southern part, a spur line connects the mainline from Tsuruna-Mistukane to Showanul, to offer interchanges with IR Lines and IZX Services. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/72E400 14]<br />
| NO<br />
| style="background: #72E400"|'''Nanpuku Otsumi Line'''<br />
| 2004<br />
| 22.57 km<br />
| 20<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/124066185 Migawarae]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370166 Tanjānli] <br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* One of the most heavily used lines of the system, the line connects the busy central hubs of Masuda Agarai, Jufurai, the island of Intsushitsa with the north-eastern districts.<br />
* From the current terminus of Migawarae, an extension to Dankau is in the process of being built.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242580 15]<br />
| UN<br />
| style="background: #db287a"|'''Urenosomi Line'''<br />
| 2010<br />
| 34.31 km<br />
| 24<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/229660683 SAIA Cargo Center]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/176874425 Sakamuso] <br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* Between SAIA Cargo Center and Bibaisone tracks are shared with Line 13 (Tsuruna Line)<br />
* The line draws a semicircle on the western and southern extremities of West Sainðaul.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242570 16]<br />
| KW<br />
| style="background: #816cb1"|'''Kyokwan Line'''<br />
| 2013<br />
| 71.50 km<br />
| 52<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/188445611 Tsukitonai]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/126493368 Kamaishi Kaiyan Kōwen] <br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* The line forms an almost complete mega-loop around the two city centers, connecting prime business areas such as Koneei in Bajikoe with the outer suburbs on the eastern side.<br />
* The tracks are shared with Line 18 between Chikayuda and Kingaus Sangu.<br />
* The original project called for a mega-loop to be completed on the southern part, passing through Kashimochi and Utsullani Islands, but lack of funding so far blocked the project. The estimated cost of completing the line, according to 2020 calculations, is 11.2 billion Etsi. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242573 17]<br />
| ZK<br />
| style="background: #f985bb"|'''Zakumi Line'''<br />
| 2013<br />
| 51.83 km<br />
| 38<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/251115566 Tswankanami Airport] <br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370188 Mewakate Kippai] / [http://opengeofiction.net/node/193581001 Kungaus Sangu Shikumun] <br />
| <br />
* To Kirijima via the IR Gashi Line<br />
|<br />
* The line runs west-east in the northern part of West Sainðaul, and North-South in the Eastern side.<br />
* The pattern is mostly divided into two sections: Kungaus Sangu Shikimun to Tswankanami Airport (or Bibantōri and onwards on the Gashi Line), and Kungaus Sangu to Mewakate Kippai. Some rapid trains however run the whole line in about 55 minutes. <br />
* The tracks are shared with Line 17 between Chikayuda and Kingaus Sangu, and with Line 18 between IDK Arena Station and the Mewakate Kippai terminus.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/292343 18]<br />
| JF<br />
| style="background: #999999"|'''Jufurai Line'''<br />
| 1998<br />
| 27.51 km<br />
| 20<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/229672837 Nari-Gotsurindai]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370188 Mewakate Kippai]<br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* The line runs north-south in the Eastern part of Sainðaul, mainly passing through Jufurai, hence the name<br />
* The subway partially uses tracks of the former IR Dunkōn Line.<br />
* The tracks are shared with Line 17 between IDK Arena Station and the Mewakate Kippai terminus.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/292343 -]<br />
| HO<br />
| style="background: #CD5C5C"|'''Hoze-Oyehatton Line'''<br />
| 2019<br />
| 13.64 km<br />
| 13<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/136187245 Takatsura]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/196658319 Kadokamahiwa]<br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* Fully automated 4 cars light subway line serving the western business district.<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#multimaps: <br />
| service = OGF<br />
| center = 36.0118, 128.8961<br />
| width = 100%<br />
| height = 1000px<br />
| zoom = 12<br />
| maxzoom = 19<br />
| layers = +Standard,+TopoMap<br />
| overlays = +Metro,+Other systems,+Thru services<br />
| overlaydef = {<br />
"Metro": {"function": "publicTransport", "param": [242567, 242593, 242571, 242579, 242569, 242548, 242546, 242576, 242578, 242577, 242547, 242566, 242565, 242549, 242343, 242573, 242570, 242580, 292343]},<br />
"Other systems": {"function": "publicTransport", "param": [303201, 242613, 283141, 283140, 242568, 242572]},<br />
"Thru services": {"function": "publicTransport", "param": [272674, 303222, 303223, 303227, 303270]}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
====High Speed Railway====<br />
The high speed trains run on a mostly dedicated alignment. The most busy link is the '''Kubori Main High Speed Line''' (久保李本高鐵線, ''Kubori Hon-kōchessen''), also called '''Keishin IZX Line''' (京深IZX線, ''Keishin Iziikksu sen'') linking Sainðaul Station with Warohan, the second city in size of Izaland. Within the Capital Special Administration District the trains originating Sainðaul call at [[Kasakuri Station|Kasakuri]], the main station for the High Speed trains in Bajikoe, to head then to [[Sainðaul Asunahama International Airport]], having a dedicated High Speed Railway station underneath. <br />
<br />
Other lines stretching from Sainðaul to the continental area are the '''West Sea High Speed Line''' (西海高鐵線, ''Seikai kōchessen'') joining with Shirukami, and the '''Ryānkai IZX Line''' (両海高鐵線, ''Ryānkai kōchessen''), reaching [[Gaintei]] the access city to the highest peaks of Izaland, in the North-West of the country. <br />
<br />
====Projects====<br />
To decongest the millennium tunnel, a new project to build an alternative rail link between Sainðaul and Showanul is in progress, but due to the highly demanding technical challenges and the consequent costs, the building of this infrastructure is not going to happen anytime soon. This project is tentatively called '''Third East-West Rail Link vision''' (第三東西連絡鉄道線構想, ''Deisan dōnðai lyenlakusen kusān'').<br />
<br />
===Aviation===<br />
Sainðaul counts on three main airports: <br />
* '''Asunahama International Airport''', the main intercontinental gate of the city and Izaland, situated off-shore on an artificial island <br />
* '''Kanui Airport''', located close to the old center, active as a city airport and handling most of the domestic traffic<br />
* '''Tswankanami International Airport''', the former intercontinental airport of Izaland, now is mainly a hub for low cost carrier; located on the west side of the city, in Komokata Prefecture.<br />
<br />
====Asunahama International Airport====<br />
'''Sainðaul Asunahama International Airport''' (安作崎空島國際空港 - ''Saindzaul Asunahama Kukujai Kūnkō'') ([[WAAT]]: '''SUL''', [[ANACA]]: '''DZSL''') is the main international hub of [[Izaland]], main hub for [[Izaland Airlines]] and [[Uletha Eastern Airways]], serving all major international destinations worldwide.<br />
<br />
=====History=====<br />
[[File:Rinkuu.JPG|thumb|289px|The "Asunatotsu" bridge connecting the airport island with the mainland]]<br />
The airport opened in 2014 on a 9 sq km artificial island offshore Kubori island to relieve the congestion of the former '''Sainðaul Tswankanami Airport''', now reduced in size and used as a military base, and the '''Sainðaul Kanui Airport''', located in the continental area of the city, now serving mainly domestic and short haul destinations.<br />
<br />
=====Construction works=====<br />
The genesis of this airport backs to year 1998, when the former international airport of Izaland, '''Sainðaul Tswankanami Airport''' started to show signs of saturation. <br />
Different projects were made about the location for a new international airport, including the expansion of the main domestic terminal of Kanui Airport. However, the promising growth of international flights pushed for a wider projects, so the idea of creating a wide airport on an international island took over.<br />
<br />
At first, there were different ideas for the location of the new airport, including near Kawayatsu or Sabullan. However, the Ministry of Infrastructure, asked, in 2001, to locate the new airport possibly along the route of the newly to be built high speed railway (the [[Sainðaul - Warohan Saikai Line]]), so an area in Komokata Prefecture, about 2,4 km offshore between Riimibaiken and Chikawari was chosen, due to the low depth of the sea (not more than 35 m in the deepest area). Particular attention was made to avoid endangering the reef located in the area. <br />
<br />
The preliminary project was ready by september 2005, and the complete financing of the airport, including the undersea high speed railway, was done by spring 2007. <br />
Building works started finally in 2008, first by landfilling the area to create the island. At the same time, tunnel boring machines started digging the two single tracked 18,7 km tunnels from Komokata to Chikawari area, and the HSR station was nearly completed by 2012. The last two years were taken to complete the construction of the airport terminal itself. <br />
<br />
In 2017, due to the increasing low cost flights, especially by the growing IzaFly low cost carrier, a new terminal was built on the southern area of Asunahama island. <br />
The terminal behaves actually as a satellite building, as everyone needs to pass through the check in and immigrations of the main building. The transfer to the low cost terminal is guaranteed by a inter-terminal people mover.<br />
<br />
=====Naming=====<br />
Since the landfilling of the airport island has been one of the biggest project in Izaland, at an estimated cost of about 18 billion USD, a symbolic name was chosen fo the island, calling it '''Asunahama''' (空島, ''asunahama''), meaning "sky island". This name was also chosen to call the airport itself. <br />
<br />
=====Transportation=====<br />
[[File:Airport_Station_2018_08_part2.jpg|thumb|289px|Inside the airport transit station]]<br />
;Road access<br />
The airport island is connected to the mainland by a 2,1 km steel and concrete, the '''Asunatotsu''' bridge (meaning "Sky Bridge").<br />
The bridge is connected to the Keishin Expressway via the '''Asunatotsu IC'''. It is also possible to access to the airport island via a freeway.<br />
<br />
;Rail access<br />
The airport boasts a transit center offering interchange between 2 subway lines, 5 railway services (including the [[Airport Express (Sainðaul)|Airport Express]] and the high speed railway. The hub station of '''Sainðaul Asunahama International Airport''' is located underground, between the parking area and the airport main terminal itself. Access to the arrival lobby is guaranteed by a gentle slope with mobile walkways, while the access to the 4th floor departure lobby is helped by escalators and direct lifts. <br />
<br />
In 2018 opened a 35 minutes train service, the non-stop SATMEX ('''Sainðaul Airports Transit MegaExpress'''), allowing hassle-less transit between intercontinental and domestic flights at Kanui Airport (the train takes to Osenude station, from which mobile walkways lead to the terminal).<br />
<br />
=== Waterways ===<br />
Water transport has always played a primary role in the connections between the dozens of islands that make up the territory of the city. In particular, until the middle of the last century, when there were still no fixed connections between east and west, the Strait of Tandan, where Sainðaul stays, was an extremely busy strip of sea, where hundreds of ferries and vessels passed through every day.<br />
The approximately 25 km north-south extension of the Sainðaul port area has several ports and moorings. As for the eastern side, from north to south the main piers are:<br />
* Gotsurindai<br />
* Kishagoi<br />
* Fukori<br />
* Tsukasai<br />
* Tsutomaku <br />
* Nagaya<br />
<br />
The main ones located on the western shore are:<br />
* Samopuke<br />
* Kasakuri<br />
* Tsuragoi <br />
<br />
[[Category:Izaland]]</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=User:Izaland_Terramorphing_Committee/Dictionary&diff=22432User:Izaland Terramorphing Committee/Dictionary2024-02-15T12:02:53Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: /* OGF Geographic names */</p>
<hr />
<div>== OGF Geographic names ==<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+Continent names<br />
大陸𖬮ᛁᐢ 呼称⸠ᐢ ''(dairikuin hoshōn)''<br />
!Continent<br />
!Romanised Izaki<br />
!Pyakuji(百字)<br />
|-<br />
|Uletha<br />
|Ulezhū<br />
|宇礼洲<br />
|-<br />
|Archanta<br />
|Ākanzhū<br />
|亜干州<br />
|-<br />
|Tarephia<br />
|Tarezhū<br />
|多礼洲<br />
|-<br />
|Antarephia<br />
|Antarezhū<br />
|鮟多礼洲<br />
|-<br />
|Pelanesia<br />
|Bantozhū<br />
|万島洲<br />
|-<br />
|Orano<br />
|Orazhū<br />
|男良洲<br />
|-<br />
|Ereva<br />
|Erezhū<br />
|英礼洲<br />
|-<br />
|Kartumia<br />
|Katumizhū<br />
|甲頭美洲<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+Recurrent geographic and urban elements<br />
頻出𖬖𖭑ᐢ 地形的・都市部 要素⸠ᐢ<br />
<br />
(tonaraisanan tsikyōncheke, toshibu yōtsōn)<br />
|-<br />
!Ingerish<br />
!Izaki<br />
!Romanisation<br />
|-<br />
|North<br />
| 北<br />
| shiki/huku<br />
|-<br />
|South<br />
| 南<br />
| otsumi/nan<br />
|-<br />
|East<br />
| 東<br />
| nari/dōn<br />
|-<br />
|West<br />
| 西<br />
| niji/sai<br />
|-<br />
|Central/centre<br />
|央/中<br />
|ibu/ju<br />
|-<br />
|Metres<br />
|𖬊ɭ𖬬ᐤ<br />
|mero<br />
|-<br />
|Road (standard)<br />
|道<br />
|runka<br />
|-<br />
|Road (north-south)<br />
|筋<br />
|yaon<br />
|-<br />
|Road (west-east)<br />
|路<br />
|lan<br />
|-<br />
|Road (without orientation)<br />
|𖬒𖬰𐐊𖬮<br />
|dawi<br />
|-<br />
|Avenue<br />
|大路<br />
|tailan/taiyaon/taidawi<br />
|-<br />
|Street <br />
|径<br />
|suni/-kei<br />
|-<br />
|Expressway<br />
|高速國道<br />
|kōsokukukudō<br />
|-<br />
|Bypass<br />
|纏行道路<br />
|jōkyōdōro<br />
|-<br />
|Village<br />
|村<br />
|tashi/-son<br />
|-<br />
|Hamlet<br />
|集落<br />
|sūraku<br />
|-<br />
|Town<br />
|町<br />
|nata/-chō<br />
|-<br />
|City<br />
|都<br />
|kopunki/-shi<br />
|-<br />
|Capital<br />
|首都<br />
|shuto<br />
|-<br />
|Province<br />
|懸<br />
|ken<br />
|-<br />
|Country<br />
|國<br />
|askazhi/kuku<br />
|-<br />
|Quarter, district (large cities)<br />
|区<br />
| -ku<br />
|-<br />
|Neighborhood<br />
|沙<br />
| -sa<br />
|-<br />
|Island<br />
|濱<br />
|hama<br />
|-<br />
|Mountain<br />
|山<br />
|samo<br />
|-<br />
|River<br />
|河<br />
|sāri<br />
|-<br />
|Stream<br />
|澤<br />
|uni<br />
|-<br />
|Hill<br />
|丘<br />
|oboe<br />
|-<br />
|Bridge<br />
|𣘺<br />
|totsu/kyō<br />
|-<br />
|Sea<br />
|海<br />
|kutō/-kai<br />
|-<br />
|Bay<br />
|灣<br />
|nihki/-han<br />
|-<br />
|Beach<br />
|濱<br />
|maba<br />
|-<br />
|Cape<br />
|岬<br />
|neme/nie/-ul<br />
|-<br />
|Coast, usually sandy<br />
|渚<br />
|maba/ranta<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Frequent toponym elements==<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! align="center" |'''Izaki'''<br />
! align="center" |'''Reading 1'''<br />
! align="center" |'''Reading 2'''<br />
! align="center" |'''Reading 3'''<br />
! align="center" |'''Reading 4'''<br />
! align="center" |'''Reading 5'''<br />
|-<br />
| 田||ra||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 山||samo||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 川||saari||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 野||nayue||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 大||ooda||oo||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 原||tsuki||gon||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 津||tsin||hara/bara||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 島||hama||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 岡||oboe||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 高||riha||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 小||kakui||kaku||sho||||<br />
|-<br />
| 東||nari||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 南||otsumi||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 日||||nis||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 松||karu||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 崎||ul||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 西||niyi||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 八||||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 井||seyi||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 佐||sa||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 城||yitodzon||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 伊||i||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 戸||shikoi||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 三||||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 新||shin||suyo||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 尾||riihi||pi||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 賀||||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 久||hayato||ku||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 江||īma||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 石||shaki||seku||ki||||<br />
|-<br />
| 沢||uni||e||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 中||yuitte||yui||yu||||<br />
|-<br />
| 富||||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 豊||nuyaa||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 本||sano||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 和||shiru||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 宮||chika||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 見||no||ken||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 鹿||tottanhei||tottan||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 上||uino||wi||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 谷||tama||tanma||koku||||<br />
|-<br />
| 浜||nihki||hin||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 名||gi||mei||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 加||ka||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 長||reke||he||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 北||shiki||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 木||sayo||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 宇||u||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 浦||reki||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 沼||naga||kauri||wani||shō||<br />
|-<br />
| 水||miwa||mi||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 前||ataki||ata||yen||adae||<br />
|-<br />
| 村||tashi||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 府||pu||bu||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 福||fuku||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 安||isa||an||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 羽||saki||sai||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 下||teano||tea||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 岩||patoro||pato||gwan||||<br />
|-<br />
| 京||suba||kei||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 古||tsahe||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 国||askashi||kuku||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 根||pewa||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 須||su||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 生||riyo||-ū||-fu||-vu||o-<br />
|-<br />
| 多||ta||tasu||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 平||makke||pye||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 別||byes||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 海||kutoo||kai||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 間||aki||kan||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 館||take||dake||kwan||||<br />
|-<br />
| 吉||poka||kikk||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 橋||totsu||kyoo||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 郡||gun||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 御||||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 阪||noke||han||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 士||||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 子||mitoko||she||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 志||shi||zhi||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 瀬||yakku||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 千||bon||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 泉||kata||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 倉||yama||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 都||tsu||to||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 土||da||doke||to/do||||<br />
|-<br />
| 内||nae||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 部||bu||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 鵜||ura||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 波||moigon||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 広||nuska||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 壁||yui||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 青||satso||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 袋||koibo||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 深||waro||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 早||yaku||soo||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 門||mua||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 立||imi||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 焼||rara||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 湾||sahna||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 森||hidano||shin||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 央||ibu||won||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 鏡||motoe||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 道||runka||doo||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 縦||sumata||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 手||gamo||kamo||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 奥||odae||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 林||tsawa||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 外||togu||gae||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 榎||harari||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 雷||ita||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 磯||kiri||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 若||pana||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 空||asuna||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 恵||yori||kei||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 横||hake||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 豆||nate||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 竹||mori||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 館||take||dake||kwan||||<br />
|-<br />
| 庥||toma||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 鴨||tobe||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 塚||koe||goe||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 桐||bayi||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 港||saareo||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 裏||oda||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 巻||kuri||kan||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 杏||heru||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 登||pori||bori||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 宗||same||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 楠||hari||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 投||tsorie||tsori||tān||||<br />
|-<br />
| 追||riya||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 駕||heino||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 敷||hiro||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 寺||kama||yi||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 神||hanu||yin||shin||han||<br />
|-<br />
| 畑||naki||nagi||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 付||oka||okashi||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 緩||wara||war||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 束||tota||toda||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 窟||nuri||kus||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 町||nata||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 聖||ruika||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 守||tsuru||shu||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 潮||alku||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 夫||tohto||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 妻||uhta||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 砂||toyo||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 箱||kafu||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 芝||natsu||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 荒||shiru||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 釜||kami||||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 湧||chima||yima||||||<br />
|-<br />
| 額||mikata||||||||<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Verbs ==<br />
Here are the main Izaki verb with some conjugation examples, given in the first person. For the full conjugation pattern, see the [[User:Izaland Terramorphing Committee/Sandbox/Izaki Language|grammar page]].<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"<br />
|'''English'''<br />
|'''Basic form'''<br />
|'''Present tense''' <br />
'''<small>(1st person)</small>'''<br />
|'''Simple past''' <br />
'''<small>(1st person)</small>'''<br />
|'''Perfect''' <br />
'''<small>(1st person)</small>'''<br />
|'''Future'''<br />
'''<small>(3rd person)</small>'''<br />
|'''Hypotetic'''<br />
'''<small>(3rd person)</small>'''<br />
|'''Situative'''<br />
|'''Participle'''<br />
|-<br />
|''to arrive''<br />
|kadasu<br />
|katan<br />
|katin<br />
|kadalen<br />
|kadama<br />
|katose<br />
|kadassan<br />
|kadattu<br />
|-<br />
|''to ask''<br />
|kieresu<br />
|kieren<br />
|kierin<br />
|kierelen<br />
|kierema<br />
|kierose<br />
|kieressan<br />
|kierettu<br />
|-<br />
|''to be''<br />
|yosu<br />
|yon<br />
|yoin<br />
|yolen<br />
|yoma<br />
|yorose<br />
|yossan<br />
|yottu<br />
|-<br />
|''to become''<br />
|mahsu<br />
|mappan<br />
|mappin<br />
|mahlen<br />
|mahma<br />
|mappose<br />
|mahassan<br />
|mahattu<br />
|-<br />
|''to believe''<br />
|tsessosu<br />
|tsesson<br />
|tsesshin<br />
|tsessolen<br />
|tsessoma<br />
|tsessose<br />
|tsessossan<br />
|tsessottu<br />
|-<br />
|''to break''<br />
|soresu<br />
|soren<br />
|sorin<br />
|sorelen<br />
|sorema<br />
|sorose<br />
|soressan<br />
|sorettu<br />
|-<br />
|''to browse''<br />
|ðukasu<br />
|ðukan<br />
|ðukin<br />
|ðukalen<br />
|ðukama<br />
|ðukose<br />
|ðukassan<br />
|ðukattu<br />
|-<br />
|''to buy''<br />
|moasu<br />
|moan<br />
|mokin<br />
|moalen<br />
|moama<br />
|mokose<br />
|moassan<br />
|moattu<br />
|-<br />
|''to call''<br />
|nakosu<br />
|nakon<br />
|nakin<br />
|nakolen<br />
|nakoma<br />
|nakose<br />
|nakossan<br />
|nakottu<br />
|-<br />
|''to carv''<br />
|noissutasu<br />
|noissutan<br />
|noissutin<br />
|noissutalen<br />
|noissutama<br />
|noissutose<br />
|noissutassan<br />
|noissutattu<br />
|-<br />
|''to change''<br />
|puhansu<br />
|puhannan<br />
|puhannin<br />
|puhanlen<br />
|puhanma<br />
|puhannose<br />
|puhanassan<br />
|puhanattu<br />
|-<br />
|''to circondate''<br />
|raikaisu<br />
|rakain<br />
|rakakin<br />
|raikailen<br />
|raikaima<br />
|raikakose<br />
|raikaissan<br />
|raikaittu<br />
|-<br />
|''to clean''<br />
|nugisu<br />
|nukin<br />
|nukiin<br />
|nugilen<br />
|nugima<br />
|nukose<br />
|nugissan<br />
|nugittu<br />
|-<br />
|''to climb''<br />
|horisu<br />
|horin<br />
|horiin<br />
|horilen<br />
|horima<br />
|horose<br />
|horissan<br />
|horittu<br />
|-<br />
|''to close (trans.)''<br />
|tanayasu<br />
|tanayan<br />
|tanayain<br />
|tanayalen<br />
|tanayama<br />
|tanayose<br />
|tanayassan<br />
|tanayattu<br />
|-<br />
|''to close (int.)''<br />
|tanawasu<br />
|tanawan<br />
|tanawain<br />
|tanawalen<br />
|tanawama<br />
|tanawose<br />
|tanawassan<br />
|tanawattu<br />
|-<br />
|''to come''<br />
|esu<br />
|<u>eren</u><br />
|erin<br />
|elen<br />
|ema<br />
|erose<br />
|essan<br />
|ettu<br />
|-<br />
|''to complete''<br />
|wintosu<br />
|winton<br />
|wintin<br />
|wintolen<br />
|wintoma<br />
|wintōse<br />
|wintossan<br />
|wintottu<br />
|-<br />
|''to confinate (to be close to smth)''<br />
|tawarasu<br />
|tawaran<br />
|tawarin<br />
|tawaralen<br />
|tawarama<br />
|tawarose<br />
|tawarassan<br />
|tawarattu<br />
|-<br />
|''to continue''<br />
|poyohasu<br />
|poyohan<br />
|poyohin<br />
|poyohalen<br />
|poyohama<br />
|poyohose<br />
|poyohassan<br />
|poyohattu<br />
|-<br />
|''to convince''<br />
|sonomulsu<br />
|sonomullun<br />
|sonomullin<br />
|sonomullen<br />
|sonomulma<br />
|sonomullose<br />
|sonomulassan<br />
|sonomulattu<br />
|-<br />
|''to cook''<br />
|nebusu<br />
|nepun<br />
|nepin<br />
|nebulen<br />
|nebuma<br />
|nepose<br />
|nebussan<br />
|nebuttu<br />
|-<br />
|''to cough''<br />
|tsohisu<br />
|tsohin<br />
|tsohiin<br />
|tsohilen<br />
|tsohima<br />
|tsohose<br />
|tsohissan<br />
|tsohittu<br />
|-<br />
|''to cry''<br />
|gewaisu<br />
|gewain<br />
|gewakin<br />
|gewailen<br />
|gewaima<br />
|gewakose<br />
|gewaissan<br />
|gewaittu<br />
|-<br />
|''to cut''<br />
|dagasu<br />
|dakan<br />
|dakin<br />
|dagalen<br />
|dagama<br />
|dakose<br />
|dagassan<br />
|dagattu<br />
|-<br />
|''to decrease''<br />
|menkisu<br />
|menkin<br />
|menkiin<br />
|menkilen<br />
|menkima<br />
|menkose<br />
|menkissan<br />
|menkittu<br />
|-<br />
|''to die''<br />
|nukorosu<br />
|nukoron<br />
|nukorin<br />
|nukorolen<br />
|nukoroma<br />
|nukorōse<br />
|nukorossan<br />
|nukorottu<br />
|-<br />
|''to dig''<br />
|shirosu<br />
|shiron<br />
|shirin<br />
|shirolen<br />
|shiroma<br />
|shirōse<br />
|shirossan<br />
|shirottu<br />
|-<br />
|''to dirty''<br />
|mustesu<br />
|musten<br />
|mustin<br />
|mustelen<br />
|mustema<br />
|mustose<br />
|mustessan<br />
|mustettu<br />
|-<br />
|''to disconnect''<br />
|astereosu<br />
|astereon<br />
|asterekin<br />
|astereolen<br />
|astereoma<br />
|asterekose<br />
|astereossan<br />
|astereottu<br />
|-<br />
|''to drink''<br />
|eisu<br />
|ein<br />
|ekin<br />
|eiln<br />
|eima<br />
|ekose<br />
|eissan<br />
|eittu<br />
|-<br />
|''to drown''<br />
|gengabosu<br />
|gengapon<br />
|gengapin<br />
|gengabolen<br />
|gengaboma<br />
|gengapose<br />
|gengabossan<br />
|gengabottu<br />
|-<br />
|''to eat''<br />
|manasu<br />
|manan<br />
|manin<br />
|manalen<br />
|manama<br />
|manose<br />
|manassan<br />
|manattu<br />
|-<br />
|''to enter''<br />
|itsasu<br />
|itsan<br />
|itsin<br />
|itsalen<br />
|itsama<br />
|itsose<br />
|itsassan<br />
|itsattu<br />
|-<br />
|''exit''<br />
|raisasu<br />
|raisan<br />
|raishin<br />
|raisalen<br />
|raisama<br />
|raisose<br />
|raisassan<br />
|raisattu<br />
|-<br />
|''to fall''<br />
|tohpasu<br />
|tohpan<br />
|tohpin<br />
|tohpalen<br />
|tohpama<br />
|tohpose<br />
|tohpassan<br />
|tohpattu<br />
|-<br />
|''to fasten''<br />
|nahtesu<br />
|nahten<br />
|nahtin<br />
|nahtelen<br />
|nahtema<br />
|nahtose<br />
|nahtessan<br />
|nahtettu<br />
|-<br />
|''to fill''<br />
|takoraisu<br />
|takorain<br />
|takorakin<br />
|takorailen<br />
|takoraima<br />
|takorakose<br />
|takoraissan<br />
|takoraittu<br />
|-<br />
|''to find''<br />
|ononosu<br />
|ononon<br />
|ononin<br />
|ononolen<br />
|ononoma<br />
|ononōse<br />
|ononossan<br />
|ononottu<br />
|-<br />
|''to finish''<br />
|sebusu<br />
|sepun<br />
|sepin<br />
|sebulen<br />
|sebuma<br />
|sepose<br />
|sebussan<br />
|sebuttu<br />
|-<br />
|''to fly''<br />
|nulbisu<br />
|nulpin<br />
|nulpiin<br />
|nulbilen<br />
|nulbima<br />
|nulpose<br />
|nulbissan<br />
|nulbittu<br />
|-<br />
|''to fold''<br />
|nungasu<br />
|nunkan<br />
|nunkin<br />
|nungalen<br />
|nungama<br />
|nunkose<br />
|nungassan<br />
|nungattu<br />
|-<br />
|''to freeze''<br />
|rikutsosu<br />
|rikutson<br />
|rikutsin<br />
|rikutsolen<br />
|rikutsoma<br />
|rikutsose<br />
|rikutsossan<br />
|rikutsottu<br />
|-<br />
|''to get up''<br />
|tashidosu<br />
|tashiton<br />
|tashitin<br />
|tashidolen<br />
|tashidoma<br />
|tashitose<br />
|tashidossan<br />
|tashidottu<br />
|-<br />
|''to give back''<br />
|chorasu<br />
|choran<br />
|chorin<br />
|choralen<br />
|chorama<br />
|chorose<br />
|chorassan<br />
|chorattu<br />
|-<br />
|''to go''<br />
|isu<br />
|<u>iken</u><br />
|ikin<br />
|ilen<br />
|ima<br />
|ikose<br />
|issan<br />
|ittu<br />
|-<br />
|''to hate''<br />
|hinurasu<br />
|hinuran<br />
|hinurin<br />
|hinuralen<br />
|hinurama<br />
|hinurose<br />
|hinurassan<br />
|hinurattu<br />
|-<br />
|''to help''<br />
|ibasu<br />
|ipan<br />
|ipin<br />
|ibalen<br />
|ibama<br />
|ipose<br />
|ibassan<br />
|ibattu<br />
|-<br />
|''to hold''<br />
|imisu<br />
|imin<br />
|imiin<br />
|imilen<br />
|imima<br />
|imose<br />
|imissan<br />
|imittu<br />
|-<br />
|''to hurt (to feel hurt)''<br />
|jingoasu<br />
|jinkoan<br />
|jinkoin<br />
|jingoalen<br />
|jingoama<br />
|jinkokase<br />
|jingoassan<br />
|jingoattu<br />
|-<br />
|''to include''<br />
|jirohasu<br />
|jirohan<br />
|jirohin<br />
|jirohalen<br />
|jirohama<br />
|jirohose<br />
|jirohassan<br />
|jirohattu<br />
|-<br />
|''to increase (int.)''<br />
|kankisu<br />
|kankin<br />
|kankiin<br />
|kankilen<br />
|kankima<br />
|kankose<br />
|kankissan<br />
|kankittu<br />
|-<br />
|''to indicate''<br />
|hashisu<br />
|hashin<br />
|hashiin<br />
|hashilen<br />
|hashima<br />
|hashose<br />
|hashissan<br />
|hashittu<br />
|-<br />
|''to invite''<br />
|chadosu<br />
|chaton<br />
|chatin<br />
|chadolen<br />
|chadoma<br />
|chatose<br />
|chadossan<br />
|chadottu<br />
|-<br />
|''to yump''<br />
|lendonsu<br />
|lentonnan<br />
|lentonnin<br />
|lendolen<br />
|lendonma<br />
|lentonnose<br />
|lendonossan<br />
|lendonottu<br />
|-<br />
|''to knead''<br />
|korosu<br />
|koron<br />
|korin<br />
|korolen<br />
|koroma<br />
|korōse<br />
|korossan<br />
|korottu<br />
|-<br />
|''to know''<br />
|odensu<br />
|otennen<br />
|otennin<br />
|odenlen<br />
|odenma<br />
|otennose<br />
|odenessan<br />
|odenettu<br />
|-<br />
|''to laugh''<br />
|hahanasu<br />
|hahanan<br />
|hahanin<br />
|hahanalen<br />
|hahanama<br />
|hahanose<br />
|hahanassan<br />
|hahanattu<br />
|-<br />
|''to listen''<br />
|hīsu<br />
|<u>hīkin</u><br />
|hīkiin<br />
|hīlen<br />
|hīma<br />
|<u>hīkose</u><br />
|hīssan<br />
|hīttu<br />
|-<br />
|''to live''<br />
|asahasu<br />
|asahan<br />
|asahin<br />
|asahalen<br />
|asahama<br />
|asahose<br />
|asahassan<br />
|asahattu<br />
|-<br />
|''to live''<br />
|paesu<br />
|paen<br />
|pakin<br />
|paelen<br />
|paema<br />
|pakose<br />
|paessan<br />
|paettu<br />
|-<br />
|''to look''<br />
|ainosu<br />
|ainon<br />
|ainin<br />
|ainolen<br />
|ainoma<br />
|ainōse<br />
|ainossan<br />
|ainottu<br />
|-<br />
|''to seek''<br />
|onosu<br />
|onon<br />
|onin<br />
|onolen<br />
|onoma<br />
|onōse<br />
|onossan<br />
|onottu<br />
|-<br />
|''to love''<br />
|saisosu<br />
|saison<br />
|saishin<br />
|saisolen<br />
|saisoma<br />
|saisōse<br />
|saisossan<br />
|saisottu<br />
|-<br />
|''to make''<br />
|ukesu<br />
|uken<br />
|ukin<br />
|ukelen<br />
|ukema<br />
|ukose<br />
|ukessan<br />
|ukettu<br />
|-<br />
|''to measure''<br />
|kinnosu<br />
|kinnon<br />
|kinnin<br />
|kinnolen<br />
|kinnoma<br />
|kinnōse<br />
|kinnossan<br />
|kinnottu<br />
|-<br />
|''to mix''<br />
|ritonsusu<br />
|ritonsun<br />
|ritonshin<br />
|rintonlen<br />
|ritonsuma<br />
|ritonsose<br />
|ritonsussan<br />
|ritonsuttu<br />
|-<br />
|''to open''<br />
|muiyasu<br />
|miuyan<br />
|miuyain<br />
|muiyalen<br />
|muiyama<br />
|muiyose<br />
|muiyassan<br />
|muiyattu<br />
|-<br />
|''to open (int.)''<br />
|muiwasu<br />
|muiwan<br />
|muiwin<br />
|muiwalen<br />
|muiwama<br />
|muiwose<br />
|muiwassan<br />
|muiwattu<br />
|-<br />
|''to exceed''<br />
|pukesu<br />
|puken<br />
|pukin<br />
|pukelen<br />
|pukema<br />
|pukose<br />
|pukessan<br />
|pukettu<br />
|-<br />
|''to overgo''<br />
|nikoresu<br />
|nikoren<br />
|nikorin<br />
|nikorelen<br />
|nikorema<br />
|nikorose<br />
|nikoressan<br />
|nikorettu<br />
|-<br />
|''to paint''<br />
|kichoarsu<br />
|kichoaran<br />
|kichoarin<br />
|kichoallen<br />
|kichoarma<br />
|kichoarose<br />
|kichoarassan<br />
|kichoarattu<br />
|-<br />
|''to send''<br />
|harasu<br />
|haran<br />
|harin<br />
|haralen<br />
|harama<br />
|harose<br />
|harassan<br />
|harattu<br />
|-<br />
|''to paste''<br />
|puchoasu<br />
|puchoan<br />
|puchoin<br />
|puchoalen<br />
|puchoama<br />
|puchokose<br />
|puchoassan<br />
|puchoattu<br />
|-<br />
|''to pay''<br />
|istosu<br />
|iston<br />
|istin<br />
|itsolen<br />
|istoma<br />
|istōse<br />
|istossan<br />
|istottu<br />
|-<br />
|''to press''<br />
|jīssu<br />
|jīsshin<br />
|jīsshiin<br />
|jīslen<br />
|jīsma<br />
|jīssose<br />
|jīshissan<br />
|jīshittu<br />
|-<br />
|''to proceed''<br />
|piraisu<br />
|pirain<br />
|pirakin<br />
|pirailen<br />
|piraima<br />
|pirakose<br />
|piraissan<br />
|piraittu<br />
|-<br />
|''to pull''<br />
|hengosu<br />
|henkon<br />
|henkin<br />
|hengolen<br />
|hengoma<br />
|henkose<br />
|hengossan<br />
|hengottu<br />
|-<br />
|''to push''<br />
|tyosu<br />
|tyon<br />
|tyoin<br />
|tyolen<br />
|tyoma<br />
|tyōse<br />
|tyossan<br />
|tyottu<br />
|-<br />
|''to put''<br />
|gindasu<br />
|gintan<br />
|gintin<br />
|gindalen<br />
|gindama<br />
|gintose<br />
|gindassan<br />
|gindattu<br />
|-<br />
|''to raise''<br />
|pillasu<br />
|pillan<br />
|pillin<br />
|pillalen<br />
|pillama<br />
|pillose<br />
|pillassan<br />
|pillattu<br />
|-<br />
|''to read''<br />
|ufuosu<br />
|ufuon<br />
|ufukin<br />
|ufuolen<br />
|ufuoma<br />
|ufukose<br />
|ufuossan<br />
|ufuottu<br />
|-<br />
|''to receive''<br />
|adekasu<br />
|adekan<br />
|adekin<br />
|adekalen<br />
|adekama<br />
|adekose<br />
|adekassan<br />
|adekattu<br />
|-<br />
|''to reyoice''<br />
|horomosu<br />
|horomon<br />
|horomin<br />
|horomolen<br />
|horomoma<br />
|horomōse<br />
|horomossan<br />
|horomottu<br />
|-<br />
|''to release''<br />
|togosu<br />
|tokon<br />
|tokin<br />
|togolen<br />
|togoma<br />
|tokōse<br />
|togossan<br />
|togottu<br />
|-<br />
|''to remain''<br />
|mikasu<br />
|mikan<br />
|mikin<br />
|mikalen<br />
|mikama<br />
|mikose<br />
|mikassan<br />
|mikattu<br />
|-<br />
|''to remove''<br />
|hindosu<br />
|hinton<br />
|hintin<br />
|hindolen<br />
|hindoma<br />
|hintose<br />
|hindossan<br />
|hindottu<br />
|-<br />
|''to rest''<br />
|tomisu<br />
|tomin<br />
|tomiin<br />
|tomilen<br />
|tomima<br />
|tomose<br />
|tomissan<br />
|tomittu<br />
|-<br />
|''to retrieve''<br />
|teichorasu<br />
|teichoran<br />
|teichorin<br />
|teichoralen<br />
|teichorama<br />
|teichorose<br />
|teichorassan<br />
|teichorattu<br />
|-<br />
|''to rip off''<br />
|zhehkasu<br />
|zhehkan<br />
|zhehkin<br />
|zhehkalen<br />
|zhehkama<br />
|zhehkose<br />
|zhehkassan<br />
|zhehkattu<br />
|-<br />
|''to roll''<br />
|kurisu<br />
|kurin<br />
|kuriin<br />
|kurilen<br />
|kurima<br />
|kurose<br />
|kurissan<br />
|kurittu<br />
|-<br />
|''to rotate''<br />
|minbaesu<br />
|minpaen<br />
|minpakin<br />
|minbaelen<br />
|minbaema<br />
|minpakose<br />
|minbaessan<br />
|minbaettu<br />
|-<br />
|''to run''<br />
|rigusu<br />
|rikun<br />
|rikin<br />
|rigulen<br />
|riguma<br />
|rikose<br />
|rigussan<br />
|riguttu<br />
|-<br />
|''to say''<br />
|tosu<br />
|<u>tokon</u><br />
|tokin<br />
|tolen<br />
|toma<br />
|tokose/tōse<br />
|tossan<br />
|tottu<br />
|-<br />
|''to scrub''<br />
|tederiksu<br />
|tederīn<br />
|tederikin<br />
|tederīlen<br />
|tederikma<br />
|tederikose<br />
|tederikissan<br />
|tederikittu<br />
|-<br />
|''to see''<br />
|nosu<br />
|nokon<br />
|nokin<br />
|nolen<br />
|noma<br />
|nokose/nōse<br />
|nossan<br />
|nottu<br />
|-<br />
|''to send''<br />
|ronosu<br />
|ronon<br />
|ronin<br />
|ronolen<br />
|ronoma<br />
|ronōse<br />
|ronossan<br />
|ronottu<br />
|-<br />
|''to sew''<br />
|nottosorisu<br />
|nottosorin<br />
|nottosoriin<br />
|nottosorilen<br />
|nottosorima<br />
|nottosorose<br />
|nottosorissan<br />
|nottosorittu<br />
|-<br />
|''to sing''<br />
|aisu<br />
|ain<br />
|akin<br />
|ailen<br />
|aima<br />
|akose<br />
|aissan<br />
|aittu<br />
|-<br />
|''to sit''<br />
|jokkaasu<br />
|jokkān<br />
|jokkāin<br />
|jokkālen<br />
|jokkaama<br />
|jokkōse<br />
|jokkaassan<br />
|jokkaattu<br />
|-<br />
|''to situate''<br />
|paikussu<br />
|paikussun<br />
|paikusshin<br />
|paikuslen<br />
|paikusma<br />
|paikussose<br />
|paikusssan<br />
|paikusttu<br />
|-<br />
|''to sleep''<br />
|lumasu<br />
|luman<br />
|lumin<br />
|lumalen<br />
|lumama<br />
|lumose<br />
|lumassan<br />
|lumattu<br />
|-<br />
|''to slide''<br />
|nebosu<br />
|nepon<br />
|nepin<br />
|nebolen<br />
|neboma<br />
|nepōse<br />
|nebossan<br />
|nebottu<br />
|-<br />
|''to sneeze''<br />
|shahhachasu<br />
|shahhachan<br />
|shahhachin<br />
|shahhachalen<br />
|shahhachama<br />
|shahhachose<br />
|shahhachassan<br />
|shahhachattu<br />
|-<br />
|''to speak''<br />
|rihtasu<br />
|rihtan<br />
|rihtin<br />
|rihtalen<br />
|rihtama<br />
|rihtose<br />
|rihtassan<br />
|rihtattu<br />
|-<br />
|''spit''<br />
|sohpusu<br />
|sohpun<br />
|sohpin<br />
|sohpulen<br />
|sohpuma<br />
|sohpose<br />
|sohpussan<br />
|sohputtu<br />
|-<br />
|''to start''<br />
|pwikausu<br />
|pwikaun<br />
|pwikain<br />
|pwikaulen<br />
|pwikauma<br />
|pwikōse<br />
|pwikaussan<br />
|pwikauttu<br />
|-<br />
|''to step over''<br />
|toeyasu<br />
|toeyan<br />
|toeyain<br />
|toeyalen<br />
|toeyama<br />
|toeyose<br />
|toeyassan<br />
|toeyattu<br />
|-<br />
|''to stop''<br />
|sharusu<br />
|sharun<br />
|sharin<br />
|sharulen<br />
|sharuma<br />
|sharose<br />
|sharussan<br />
|sharuttu<br />
|-<br />
|''to suck''<br />
|chusshisu<br />
|chusshin<br />
|chusshiin<br />
|chusshilen<br />
|chusshima<br />
|chusshose<br />
|chusshissan<br />
|chusshittu<br />
|-<br />
|''to switch off''<br />
|sogisu<br />
|sokin<br />
|sokiin<br />
|sogilen<br />
|sogima<br />
|sokose<br />
|sogissan<br />
|sogittu<br />
|-<br />
|''to switch on''<br />
|jakaisu<br />
|jakain<br />
|jakakin<br />
|jakailen<br />
|jakaima<br />
|jakakose<br />
|jakaissan<br />
|jakaittu<br />
|-<br />
|''to bring''<br />
|kukkasu<br />
|kukkan<br />
|kukkin<br />
|kukkalen<br />
|kukkama<br />
|kukkose<br />
|kukkassan<br />
|kukkattu<br />
|-<br />
|''to take''<br />
|teisu<br />
|tein<br />
|tekin<br />
|teilen<br />
|teima<br />
|tekose<br />
|teissan<br />
|teittu<br />
|-<br />
|''to teach''<br />
|hagiuhsu<br />
|hagiuppun<br />
|hagiuppin<br />
|hagiuhlen<br />
|hagiuhma<br />
|hagiuppose<br />
|hagiuhussan<br />
|hagiuhuttu<br />
|-<br />
|''to think''<br />
|yukasu<br />
|yukan<br />
|yukin<br />
|yukalen<br />
|yukama<br />
|yukose<br />
|yukassan<br />
|yukattu<br />
|-<br />
|''to behave''<br />
|kosunosu<br />
|kosunon<br />
|kosunin<br />
|kosunolen<br />
|kosunoma<br />
|kosunōse<br />
|kosunossan<br />
|kosunottu<br />
|-<br />
|''to born''<br />
|oryunsu<br />
|oryunnun<br />
|oryunnin<br />
|oryunlen<br />
|oryunma<br />
|oryunnose<br />
|oryunssan<br />
|oryunttu<br />
|-<br />
|''to count''<br />
|retsagesu<br />
|retsaken<br />
|retsakin<br />
|retsagelen<br />
|retsagema<br />
|retsakose<br />
|retsagessan<br />
|retsagettu<br />
|-<br />
|''to give''<br />
|tsotasu<br />
|tsotan<br />
|tsotin<br />
|tsotalen<br />
|tsotama<br />
|tsotose<br />
|tsotassan<br />
|tsotattu<br />
|-<br />
|''to hit''<br />
|seosu<br />
|seon<br />
|sekin<br />
|seolen<br />
|seoma<br />
|sekose<br />
|seossan<br />
|seottu<br />
|-<br />
|''to kill''<br />
|sazoisu<br />
|sasoin<br />
|sasokin<br />
|sazoilen<br />
|sazoima<br />
|sasokose<br />
|sazoissan<br />
|sazoittu<br />
|-<br />
|''to roll''<br />
|tandabasu<br />
|tandapan<br />
|tandapin<br />
|tandabalen<br />
|tandabama<br />
|tandapose<br />
|tandabassan<br />
|tandabattu<br />
|-<br />
|''to touche''<br />
|denasu<br />
|denan<br />
|denin<br />
|denalen<br />
|denama<br />
|denose<br />
|denassan<br />
|denattu<br />
|-<br />
|''to understand''<br />
|shigosu<br />
|shikon<br />
|shikin<br />
|shigolen<br />
|shigoma<br />
|shikose<br />
|shigossan<br />
|shigottu<br />
|-<br />
|''to wait''<br />
|nijekisu<br />
|nijekin<br />
|nijekiin<br />
|nijekilen<br />
|nijekima<br />
|nijekose<br />
|nijekissan<br />
|nijekittu<br />
|-<br />
|''to walk''<br />
|shogusu<br />
|shokun<br />
|shokin<br />
|shogulen<br />
|shoguma<br />
|shokose<br />
|shogussan<br />
|shoguttu<br />
|-<br />
|''to wash''<br />
|jibesu<br />
|jipen<br />
|jipin<br />
|jibelen<br />
|jibema<br />
|jipose<br />
|jibessan<br />
|jibettu<br />
|-<br />
|''to work''<br />
|olkosu<br />
|olkon<br />
|olkin<br />
|olkolen<br />
|olkoma<br />
|olkōse<br />
|olkossan<br />
|olkottu<br />
|-<br />
|''to wrap around''<br />
|kenchōsu<br />
|kenchōn<br />
|kenchōin<br />
|kenchōlen<br />
|kenchōma<br />
|kenchōse<br />
|kenchōssan<br />
|kenchōttu<br />
|-<br />
|''to write''<br />
|ozasu<br />
|osan<br />
|oshin<br />
|ozalen<br />
|ozama<br />
|osose<br />
|ozassan<br />
|ozattu<br />
|-<br />
|''to yawn''<br />
|āngausu<br />
|ānkaun<br />
|ānkakin<br />
|āngaulen<br />
|āngauma<br />
|ānkakose<br />
|āngaussan<br />
|āngauttu<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|}</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=Forum:Territory_application/AR005_-_Shekud%C5%8D_Izaki/%E8%B5%A4%E9%81%93%E8%8F%AF%E9%82%A6_(Equatorial_Izaland)&diff=22332Forum:Territory application/AR005 - Shekudō Izaki/赤道華邦 (Equatorial Izaland)2024-02-11T10:54:44Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: </p>
<hr />
<div><br />
<div class="forumheader" style="margin: 1; background-color: #eeeeee; text-align: left; padding: 5px;">'''[[Forum:Index|Forums]] &rarr; [[Forum:Territory application|Territory application]] &rarr; {{PAGENAME}}'''</div><br />
[[Category:Territory application posts]]<br />
<br />
<!-- Replace all WRITE HERE items with your application specifics, be sure to preview the page. Preview also displays extra explanation for each section --><br />
<!-- Expert user? change one bit of text and then use the pencil icon to switch to Source Editing --><br />
<br />
:''Please fill in the information below to make a territory request.''<br />
<br />
{{Territory application id and name}}<br />
<br />
[Https://opengeofiction.net/relation/84523 AR005] - Shekudō Izaki/赤道華邦 (Equatorial Izaland in Ingerish)<br />
<br />
[https://imgur.com/a/hP708ue Sketch of Shekudō Izaki].<br />
<br />
=== Reasons for this request ===<br />
I am aware that I already own Izaland as a first territory and am coordinator for a second one, both (especially Plevia) still with vast areas to be filled in and detailed, but I would still like to apply for this small territory in order to try my hand at an equatorial area, credibly and truly blending a "Japanese" style with an indigenous one, both linguistically and anthropologically.<br />
<br />
{{territory application physical geography}}<br />
<br />
Shekudō Izaki covers about 35 thousand square kilometers, facing the Gulf of ??? to the north, and bordering Majesia to the west, and Castilea Archantea to the east. <br />
<br />
Located a few degrees south of the equator, the climate is equatorial-tropical, with annual temperatures consistently around 28 to 32 degrees and high humidity levels. <br />
<br />
According to the Köppen classification, the climate is <u>Tropical rainforest climate (Af)</u> in the coastal belt, up to about 100 km inland, where it changes to <u>Tropical monsoon climate (Am)</u>.<br />
<br />
The large extent of tropical forest certainly makes Shekudō Izaki the area with the greatest biodiversity in Izaland, and in recent decades, awareness of the importance of preserving the environment has been reflected in numerous conservation projects. <br />
<br />
The safety of the country also makes it a renowned (but not cheap) destination for eco-tourism.<br />
<br />
(The current layout of Teluktebu will be maintained, basically, with the addition of a few islands along the coast. ){{territory application human geography}}<br />
<br />
Three-quarters of the area is covered by tropical forest, and most of the population lives along the coast. <br />
<br />
=== Cities and population ===<br />
Shekudō Izaki has a population of 1.8 million with a positive growth of 1,34% per year. <br />
<br />
The capital is '''Ribochanja (里母長紗市)''', and it has about 620,000 inhabitants (''1.3 million counting the metropolitan area''). Ribochanja, which began as a port for sorting and shipping spices, cocoa, and coffee to the motherland, in recent years also bases its economy on finance and tourism.<br />
<br />
The second city, '''Bandarsungai (𖬡𖬰ᐢ𖬣𖬰ᣗ𖬖𐐢ᐢ𖬭𖬰ᐟ𖭐市)''', with 182,000 inhabitants, is located near the border with Majesia, and its population is mostly Majesian-speaking and of Imani religions.<br />
<br />
=== Infrastructure ===<br />
The road infrastructure is arranged on an east-west axis along the coast, and there is a toll highway that stretches for about 300 km.<br />
<br />
There are few roads penetrating inland, most built to reach mining deposits (gold and bauxite) during the 1960s. <br />
<br />
The railway network consists of a metric-gauge electrified line with some doubled sections in the capital area and some branches in the northwest, and a line that stumbles along the Ladaki River for a few tens of kilometers to the east. The capital has a compact tramway network that assists a suburban rail system.<br />
<br />
The territory has three international airports, one near the capital, one in the eastern part of the coast, and one inland. Other small stopovers provide access to villages isolated from the road network. Ribochanja International Airport is connected daily with Saindzaul, and with 3 flights a week with Warohan.{{territory application history and culture}}<br />
<br />
=== Historical background ===<br />
Shekudō Izaki is an overseas collectivity of Izaland (華邦海外領土), what remains of a series of colonies and trading outposts owned between the 17th and 20th centuries. <br />
<br />
Gradually coming under Izaland rule beginning in 1615, with the opening of the free port of Shinkō (新港), at the hands of the South Sea Trading Company (南陽貿易会社, Nannyān Mauyeku Kwisha), at that time the territory, called Teluktebu was inhabited by local Majesian-Central Archantan and other Maja peoples. <br />
<br />
==== Future indipendence? ====<br />
Recent decades have seen several attempts to separate from Izaland, including a tumultuous period of terrorist attacks in the 1990s. In 2018, a referendum for independence was held, but the population was divided between yes and no, leading, at least for now, to a stalemate.<br />
<br />
=== Population ethnicities and language ===<br />
In modern times the population is mostly (about 65%) indigenous, with 8% Majesian, 9% of Bai origin, 12% ethnic Izaki, and 6% other composition.<br />
<br />
'''The official languages''' are Izaki, Majesian, and Teny ny olona (corresponding to Malagasy in the real world), in addition to the Bai language, Lutangese, and a number of local and pidgin idioms. <br />
<br />
Most indigenous place names are rendered in Izaki using the Askaoza system. There is, however, also a version in byakuji (the characters of Bai), but because of the excessive forcing required to render long names in Teny ny olona language, as of 1993 non-Izaki place names are rendered in Askaoza.{{territory application past mapping}}<br />
<br />
Main territory: [https://opengeofiction.net/relation/66826 Izaland] <br />
<br />
Collab territory (coordinator): [https://opengeofiction.net/relation/182493 Plevia] <br />
<br />
Some examples of work that may be useful for the purpose of evaluating this application.<br />
<br />
{{coord|name=Komishinan City|zoom=13|latitude=36.1774|longitude=127.501}}<br />
<br />
{{coord|name=Ovāsa Island|zoom=13|latitude=32.3422|longitude=125.5182}}<br />
<br />
{{coord|name=Junlai Quarry|zoom=15|latitude=33.7447|longitude=127.4963}}<br />
<br />
{{coord|name=Izaki Alps|zoom=15|latitude=40.3219|longitude=126.3778}}<br />
<br />
{{coord|name=Sainðaul|zoom=12|latitude=36.0038|longitude=128.9160}}<br />
<br />
{{territory application username and date}}<br />
<br />
--[[User:Izaland Terramorphing Committee|Izaland Terramorphing Committee]] ([[User talk:Izaland Terramorphing Committee|talk]]) 10:54, 11 February 2024 (UTC){{territory application discussion}}<br />
<br />
*<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<!-- replace this with {{territory application approved|summary of decision and signature|optionally useful information for the user}} or {{territory application closed|summary of decision and signature|optionally useful information for the user}} on closing --><br />
{{territory application in progress}}</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=Forum:Territory_application/AR005_-_Shekud%C5%8D_Izaki/%E8%B5%A4%E9%81%93%E8%8F%AF%E9%82%A6_(Equatorial_Izaland)&diff=22331Forum:Territory application/AR005 - Shekudō Izaki/赤道華邦 (Equatorial Izaland)2024-02-11T10:52:53Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: /* Cities and population */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
<div class="forumheader" style="margin: 1; background-color: #eeeeee; text-align: left; padding: 5px;">'''[[Forum:Index|Forums]] &rarr; [[Forum:Territory application|Territory application]] &rarr; {{PAGENAME}}'''</div><br />
[[Category:Territory application posts]]<br />
<br />
<!-- Replace all WRITE HERE items with your application specifics, be sure to preview the page. Preview also displays extra explanation for each section --><br />
<!-- Expert user? change one bit of text and then use the pencil icon to switch to Source Editing --><br />
<br />
:''Please fill in the information below to make a territory request.''<br />
<br />
{{Territory application id and name}}<br />
<br />
[Https://opengeofiction.net/relation/84523 AR005] - Shekudō Izaki/赤道華邦 (Equatorial Izaland in Ingerish)<br />
<br />
[https://imgur.com/a/hP708ue Sketch of Shekudō Izaki].<br />
<br />
=== Reasons for this request ===<br />
I am aware that I already own Izaland as a first territory and am coordinator for a second one, both (especially Plevia) still with vast areas to be filled in and detailed, but I would still like to apply for this small territory in order to try my hand at an equatorial area, credibly and truly blending a "Japanese" style with an indigenous one, both linguistically and anthropologically.<br />
<br />
{{territory application physical geography}}<br />
<br />
Shekudō Izaki covers about 35 thousand square kilometers, facing the Gulf of ??? to the north, and bordering Majesia to the west, and Castilea Archantea to the east. <br />
<br />
Located a few degrees south of the equator, the climate is equatorial-tropical, with annual temperatures consistently around 28 to 32 degrees and high humidity levels. <br />
<br />
According to the Köppen classification, the climate is <u>Tropical rainforest climate (Af)</u> in the coastal belt, up to about 100 km inland, where it changes to <u>Tropical monsoon climate (Am)</u>.<br />
<br />
The large extent of tropical forest certainly makes Shekudō Izaki the area with the greatest biodiversity in Izaland, and in recent decades, awareness of the importance of preserving the environment has been reflected in numerous conservation projects. <br />
<br />
The safety of the country also makes it a renowned (but not cheap) destination for eco-tourism.<br />
<br />
(The current layout of Teluktebu will be maintained, basically, with the addition of a few islands along the coast. ){{territory application human geography}}<br />
<br />
Three-quarters of the area is covered by tropical forest, and most of the population lives along the coast. <br />
<br />
=== Cities and population ===<br />
Shekudō Izaki has a population of 1.8 million with a positive growth of 1,34% per year. <br />
<br />
The capital is '''Ribochanja (里母長紗市)''', and it has about 620,000 inhabitants (''1.3 million counting the metropolitan area''). Ribochanja, which began as a port for sorting and shipping spices, cocoa, and coffee to the motherland, in recent years also bases its economy on finance and tourism.<br />
<br />
The second city, '''Bandarsungai (𖬡𖬰ᐢ𖬣𖬰ᣗ𖬖𐐢ᐢ𖬭𖬰ᐟ𖭐市)''', with 182,000 inhabitants, is located near the border with Majesia, and its population is mostly Majesian-speaking and of Imani religions.<br />
<br />
=== Infrastructure ===<br />
The road infrastructure is arranged on an east-west axis along the coast, and there is a toll highway that stretches for about 300 km.<br />
<br />
There are few roads penetrating inland, most built to reach mining deposits (gold and bauxite) during the 1960s. <br />
<br />
The railway network consists of a metric-gauge electrified line with some doubled sections in the capital area and some branches in the northwest, and a line that stumbles along the Ladaki River for a few tens of kilometers to the east. The capital has a compact tramway network that assists a suburban rail system.<br />
<br />
The territory has three international airports, one near the capital, one in the eastern part of the coast, and one inland. Other small stopovers provide access to villages isolated from the road network. Ribochanja International Airport is connected daily with Saindzaul, and with 3 flights a week with Warohan.{{territory application history and culture}}<br />
<br />
=== Historical background ===<br />
Shekudō Izaki is an overseas collectivity of Izaland (華邦海外領土), what remains of a series of colonies and trading outposts owned between the 17th and 20th centuries. <br />
<br />
Gradually coming under Izaland rule beginning in 1615, with the opening of the free port of Shinkō (新港), at the hands of the South Sea Trading Company (南陽貿易会社, Nannyān Mauyeku Kwisha), at that time the territory, called Teluktebu was inhabited by local Majesian-Central Archantan and other Maja peoples. <br />
<br />
==== Future indipendence? ====<br />
Recent decades have seen several attempts to separate from Izaland, including a tumultuous period of terrorist attacks in the 1990s. In 2018, a referendum for independence was held, but the population was divided between yes and no, leading, at least for now, to a stalemate.<br />
<br />
=== Population ethnicities and language ===<br />
In modern times the population is mostly (about 65%) indigenous, with 8% Majesian, 9% of Bai origin, 12% ethnic Izaki, and 6% other composition.<br />
<br />
'''The official languages''' are Izaki, Majesian, and Teny ny olona (corresponding to Malagasy in the real world), in addition to the Bai language, Lutangese, and a number of local and pidgin idioms. <br />
<br />
Most indigenous place names are rendered in Izaki using the Askaoza system. There is, however, also a version in byakuji (the characters of Bai), but because of the excessive forcing required to render long names in Teny ny olona language, as of 1993 non-Izaki place names are rendered in Askaoza.{{territory application past mapping}}<br />
<br />
Main territory: [https://opengeofiction.net/relation/66826 Izaland] <br />
<br />
Collab territory (coordinator): [https://opengeofiction.net/relation/182493 Plevia] <br />
<br />
Some examples of work that may be useful for the purpose of evaluating this application.<br />
<br />
{{coord|name=Komishinan City|zoom=13|latitude=36.1774|longitude=127.501}}<br />
<br />
{{coord|name=Ovāsa Island|zoom=13|latitude=32.3422|longitude=125.5182}}<br />
<br />
{{coord|name=Junlai Quarry|zoom=15|latitude=33.7447|longitude=127.4963}}<br />
<br />
{{coord|name=Izaki Alps|zoom=15|latitude=40.3219|longitude=126.3778}}<br />
<br />
{{coord|name=Sainðaul|zoom=12|latitude=36.0038|longitude=128.9160}}<br />
<br />
{{territory application username and date}}<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>{{territory application discussion}}<br />
<br />
*<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<!-- replace this with {{territory application approved|summary of decision and signature|optionally useful information for the user}} or {{territory application closed|summary of decision and signature|optionally useful information for the user}} on closing --><br />
{{territory application in progress}}</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=Forum:Territory_application/AR005_-_Shekud%C5%8D_Izaki/%E8%B5%A4%E9%81%93%E8%8F%AF%E9%82%A6_(Equatorial_Izaland)&diff=22330Forum:Territory application/AR005 - Shekudō Izaki/赤道華邦 (Equatorial Izaland)2024-02-11T10:51:13Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: New application</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
<div class="forumheader" style="margin: 1; background-color: #eeeeee; text-align: left; padding: 5px;">'''[[Forum:Index|Forums]] &rarr; [[Forum:Territory application|Territory application]] &rarr; {{PAGENAME}}'''</div><br />
[[Category:Territory application posts]]<br />
<br />
<!-- Replace all WRITE HERE items with your application specifics, be sure to preview the page. Preview also displays extra explanation for each section --><br />
<!-- Expert user? change one bit of text and then use the pencil icon to switch to Source Editing --><br />
<br />
:''Please fill in the information below to make a territory request.''<br />
<br />
{{Territory application id and name}}<br />
<br />
[Https://opengeofiction.net/relation/84523 AR005] - Shekudō Izaki/赤道華邦 (Equatorial Izaland in Ingerish)<br />
<br />
[https://imgur.com/a/hP708ue Sketch of Shekudō Izaki].<br />
<br />
=== Reasons for this request ===<br />
I am aware that I already own Izaland as a first territory and am coordinator for a second one, both (especially Plevia) still with vast areas to be filled in and detailed, but I would still like to apply for this small territory in order to try my hand at an equatorial area, credibly and truly blending a "Japanese" style with an indigenous one, both linguistically and anthropologically.<br />
<br />
{{territory application physical geography}}<br />
<br />
Shekudō Izaki covers about 35 thousand square kilometers, facing the Gulf of ??? to the north, and bordering Majesia to the west, and Castilea Archantea to the east. <br />
<br />
Located a few degrees south of the equator, the climate is equatorial-tropical, with annual temperatures consistently around 28 to 32 degrees and high humidity levels. <br />
<br />
According to the Köppen classification, the climate is <u>Tropical rainforest climate (Af)</u> in the coastal belt, up to about 100 km inland, where it changes to <u>Tropical monsoon climate (Am)</u>.<br />
<br />
The large extent of tropical forest certainly makes Shekudō Izaki the area with the greatest biodiversity in Izaland, and in recent decades, awareness of the importance of preserving the environment has been reflected in numerous conservation projects. <br />
<br />
The safety of the country also makes it a renowned (but not cheap) destination for eco-tourism.<br />
<br />
(The current layout of Teluktebu will be maintained, basically, with the addition of a few islands along the coast. ){{territory application human geography}}<br />
<br />
Three-quarters of the area is covered by tropical forest, and most of the population lives along the coast. <br />
<br />
=== Cities and population ===<br />
Shekudō Izaki has a population of 1.8 million with a positive growth of 1,34% per year. <br />
<br />
The capital is '''Ribochanja''', and it has about 620,000 inhabitants (''1.3 million counting the metropolitan area''). Ribochanja, which began as a port for sorting and shipping spices, cocoa, and coffee to the motherland, in recent years also bases its economy on finance and tourism.<br />
<br />
The second city, '''Bandarsungai''', with 182,000 inhabitants, is located near the border with Majesia, and its population is mostly Majesian-speaking and of Imani religions.<br />
<br />
=== Infrastructure ===<br />
The road infrastructure is arranged on an east-west axis along the coast, and there is a toll highway that stretches for about 300 km.<br />
<br />
There are few roads penetrating inland, most built to reach mining deposits (gold and bauxite) during the 1960s. <br />
<br />
The railway network consists of a metric-gauge electrified line with some doubled sections in the capital area and some branches in the northwest, and a line that stumbles along the Ladaki River for a few tens of kilometers to the east. The capital has a compact tramway network that assists a suburban rail system.<br />
<br />
The territory has three international airports, one near the capital, one in the eastern part of the coast, and one inland. Other small stopovers provide access to villages isolated from the road network. Ribochanja International Airport is connected daily with Saindzaul, and with 3 flights a week with Warohan.{{territory application history and culture}}<br />
<br />
=== Historical background ===<br />
Shekudō Izaki is an overseas collectivity of Izaland (華邦海外領土), what remains of a series of colonies and trading outposts owned between the 17th and 20th centuries. <br />
<br />
Gradually coming under Izaland rule beginning in 1615, with the opening of the free port of Shinkō (新港), at the hands of the South Sea Trading Company (南陽貿易会社, Nannyān Mauyeku Kwisha), at that time the territory, called Teluktebu was inhabited by local Majesian-Central Archantan and other Maja peoples. <br />
<br />
==== Future indipendence? ====<br />
Recent decades have seen several attempts to separate from Izaland, including a tumultuous period of terrorist attacks in the 1990s. In 2018, a referendum for independence was held, but the population was divided between yes and no, leading, at least for now, to a stalemate.<br />
<br />
=== Population ethnicities and language ===<br />
In modern times the population is mostly (about 65%) indigenous, with 8% Majesian, 9% of Bai origin, 12% ethnic Izaki, and 6% other composition.<br />
<br />
'''The official languages''' are Izaki, Majesian, and Teny ny olona (corresponding to Malagasy in the real world), in addition to the Bai language, Lutangese, and a number of local and pidgin idioms. <br />
<br />
Most indigenous place names are rendered in Izaki using the Askaoza system. There is, however, also a version in byakuji (the characters of Bai), but because of the excessive forcing required to render long names in Teny ny olona language, as of 1993 non-Izaki place names are rendered in Askaoza.{{territory application past mapping}}<br />
<br />
Main territory: [https://opengeofiction.net/relation/66826 Izaland] <br />
<br />
Collab territory (coordinator): [https://opengeofiction.net/relation/182493 Plevia] <br />
<br />
Some examples of work that may be useful for the purpose of evaluating this application.<br />
<br />
{{coord|name=Komishinan City|zoom=13|latitude=36.1774|longitude=127.501}}<br />
<br />
{{coord|name=Ovāsa Island|zoom=13|latitude=32.3422|longitude=125.5182}}<br />
<br />
{{coord|name=Junlai Quarry|zoom=15|latitude=33.7447|longitude=127.4963}}<br />
<br />
{{coord|name=Izaki Alps|zoom=15|latitude=40.3219|longitude=126.3778}}<br />
<br />
{{coord|name=Sainðaul|zoom=12|latitude=36.0038|longitude=128.9160}}<br />
<br />
{{territory application username and date}}<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>{{territory application discussion}}<br />
<br />
*<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<!-- replace this with {{territory application approved|summary of decision and signature|optionally useful information for the user}} or {{territory application closed|summary of decision and signature|optionally useful information for the user}} on closing --><br />
{{territory application in progress}}</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=Economy_of_Izaland&diff=22087Economy of Izaland2024-01-30T04:59:16Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: /* Sources of energy production */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''This page is about the economy of [[Izaland]].''' <br />
{{Main|Izaland}}<br />
{{Infobox economy<br />
| name = [[Izaland]]<br />
| economy_type = social-market economy<br />
| currency = Etsi (Ė)<br />
| monetary_authority = Izakis kinnyūn ðaimubu</br><small>(華國ᒢ 金融財務部)</small><br />
| gdp_ppp_year = 2022 estimate<br />
| gdp_ppp_total = $6.8 trillion<br />
| gdp_ppp_per_capita = $58,474<br />
| hdi = 0.924<br />
| hdi_year = 2020<br />
| main_exports = Electronics, Services, financial products, transport equipment, machinery <br />
| main_imports = Oil, food, machinery, chemicals, raw materials<br />
| sector_bars = {{bar percent|Primary|green|3.4}}{{bar percent|Secondary|blue|25.6}}{{bar percent|Tertiary|yellow|71.0}}<br />
| custom_label1 = Exports<br><br><br>Main export partners<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Imports<br><br><br>Main import partners<br />
| custom1 = {{increase}} 825.30 billion USD (2022)<br>{{Federal States}}<br>{{Kojo}}<br>{{Suria}}<br>[[File:Unknown_Flag.png|28px]] Belphenia<br>{{Plevia}}<br>{{Demirhan Empire}}<br>[[File:Unknown_Flag.png|28px]] Pyeokchin<br>{{Cinasia}}<br>{{Bai Empire}}<br><br>{{increase}} 779,21 billion USD (2022)<br><br>{{Kojo}}<br>[[File:Unknown_Flag.png|28px]] Pyeokchin<br>{{Mazan}}<br>{{Gobrassanya}}<br>[[File:Unknown_Flag.png|28px]] Majesia<br>{{Federal States}}<br>[[File:Unknown_Flag.png|28px]] Pasundan P.<br>[[File:Unknown_Flag.png|28px]] Ruoguovvás<br>[[File:Unknown_Flag.png|28px]] Latina<br />
| custom_label2 = Wealth inequality index<br />
| custom2 = [[File:Decrease Positive.svg|12px]] 30.2 (2022)<br><span style="color:#FDAD00">medium</span><br />
}}<br />
[[Izaland]] has a strong tertiary oriented economy focusing especially on communications, electronics, services and tourism. Izaland, in particular, was able to position itself as one of the main economic powers right after the war, certainly facilitated by the privileged position within South-Eastern Uletha and by agile economic maneuvers implemented for post-war reconstruction.<br />
Furthermore, a rich natural environment gives Izaland also an important role in agriculture and fishery, while the industrial sector is particularly active in shipbuilding and electronic parts.<br />
<br />
The education sector is one of the engines of this economic success: a literacy rate of virtually 100%, a high percentage of the population able to speak two languages correctly (87.2% of the population is able to speak English fluently<ref>http://izastat.go.iz/in/blog/izaki-people-and-ingerish-proficiency.htlm IZastat: Izaki People and Ingerish proficiency - July 2nd, 2019</ref>) and the presence of 7 universities among the 100 best in the world allow the country to be able to count on its talents, keeping the percentage of "brain drain" low.<br />
<br />
==First sector==<br />
Although it has now been overtaken by modern sectors, the primary sector still plays an important role in the Izaki economy. The large central plains allow for sufficient land to be devoted to agriculture, and the many kilometers of coastline allow the fishing industry to flourish.<br />
<br />
===Agricolture===<br />
[[File:Hanalei_Valley_from_the_Hanalei_Lookout_in_Hanalei,_Hawaii.jpg|thumb|right|400px|Mixed fields in Koroshai Valley]]<br />
[[File:Vaches-001.jpeg|400px|thumb|A controlled cattle pasture in the north, used for milk]]<br />
The areas used for agricultural use in the Izaki territory are mainly located in the continental zone, especially in the vast western plain and in the prefecture of Dōnpuku.<br />
<br />
The northern area, due to the climate, is more suitable for the cultivation of tubers, such as potatoes, apples and other fruit trees, and wheat. By heading towards the south, thus including the few flat areas of the island of Kubori, the climate and the territory become more suitable for rice cultivation.<br />
In the southern area of he same island, given the subtropical climate, sugarcane, tea, coffee (experimentally) and tropical fruits are also cultivated. <br />
The [[tamoki]] is a tropical fruit originally from Kubori island and the main production center is the south-east coast of the island. Every year [[Kanlisahna]] hosts the international tamoki fair, where the main producer of this fruit gather and it is possible to taste the different varieties. <br />
<br />
===Livestock===<br />
In Izaland meat industry is somehow limited compared to other industrialized countries, since intensive animal farming is forbidden since the "Animal Farming New Ethics Law" (家畜新倫理法, ''Kachuku Shin-rinlipō'') was approved in 1998 by the then minister for the environment Saeki Jurikomai, amid local farmers' protests. For this reason, most of the meat is now artificially produced via the synthetization of proteins, or by the means of soy proteins, of which Izaland is the top exporter. The research in this field has reached very high levels, and either in taste and texture, Izaland's artificial meat is considered a true substitute of real meat, and now accepted and appreciated by people. Of course, a premium meat industry is available, and satisfied by open air animal farms; this, however, makes "real meat" quite expensive in Izaland. Importation of meat is strictly regulated but allowed, and usually only meat coming from organic foreign farms is allowed (although a black market also exists). <br />
<br />
===Fishery===<br />
Fishery represents another important part of the primary sector. The fishing sector is strictly controlled in order to avoid overfishing or the imbalance of marine ecosystems.<br />
Being mostly surrounded by the sea, Izaland's cuisine also makes an extensive use of fish and seafood. The main products are the green fin tuna, mackerel, adekun and the hinsos, a specie of edible shark. Violet prawns are also a popular dish in the south of Kubori island. <br />
<br />
===Mining and Forestry===<br />
Mining and forestry sectors are fairly developed in the eastern coast of Kubori island, where coal, timber and modest quantity of gold are produced. <br />
Oil deposit are scarce, although a reserve enough to sustain the 20% of the domestic demand is located off-shore Shikarana.<br />
<br />
==Industry==<br />
[[File:Tsing Ma Bridge 2.jpg|400px|thumb|The Einoraka Great Bridge, Nankai Prefecture]]<br />
Industry in Izaland nowadays has a minor importance compared to a few decades ago, due to the delocalization of heavy industries, however still now it contributes to an important part of its economy.<br />
<br />
The main manufacture products include ships and vessels (especially fishing and cruise ones), railway cars and trainsets (mainly produced by Izaki Sharyān and Atron Railcars Manufacture, ARM) and parts for spaceships. Other important productions are semiconductor and screen panels, furniture (Izaland has a strong wooden furniture tradition, using the ''kamawi'' (梏) tree wood) and instruments for fishery and sailing (radars, engines etc).<br />
<br />
===Electronics===<br />
Izaland is primarily known around the world for its many electronics companies, including Atron Electronics, Ritsen and TBD. Atron, in particular, is one of the main dzaibos groups and alone accounts for 1.45% of the country's total exports.<br />
Liquid crystal displays and OLEDs are one of the leading sectors of Izaki high technology, and the country still remains one of the largest producers in the world.<br />
<br />
===Automotive===<br />
The automotive sector was one of the first to emerge in the Izaki economy, with the first models being produced by Shobetsuki in the 1930s. In the first post-war period, the relatively low production costs allowed producers such as TBD to acquire a greater share in the global market. The crisis of the 1990s left some illustrious victims, such as TBD, which failed during the 1994 Taishin crisis, but nonetheless, the automotive sector remains the driving force in today's Izaki economy.<br />
<br />
===Construction===<br />
Given the presence of hundreds of islands, as well as a complex orography, infrastructures such as viaducts and bridges have been of vital importance since the beginning of the industrial revolution in order to connect the country. This has led to the development of deep-rooted know-how in heavy infrastructure techniques and a high level of engineering in Izaland.<br />
<br />
Major companies include Shobetsuki Heavy Industries and Samosāri Design.<br />
<br />
===Shibpuilding===<br />
Izaki's shipbuilding industry stands as a pillar of the nation's economic prowess, with major shipyards strategically located across the country. Notably, Kansaki Shipbuild, situated in Pewanari City near Saindzaul, spearheads the industry's advancements. The island of Sumasai, along with the ports of Chihanose and Daishin, also play crucial roles in the construction of a diverse range of vessels. Izaki shipbuilders specialize in crafting high-quality fishing vessels, naval and military ships, and luxurious cruise liners. <br />
<br />
The industry's reputation for excellence extends beyond national borders, with a significant portion of its clientele comprising foreign military orders. Countries across Archanta and Antarephia continents rely on Izaki shipbuilding expertise, further solidifying the nation's standing in the global maritime market.<br />
<br />
==Energy==<br />
=== History ===<br />
[[File:Electric production of Izaland.svg|500px|thumb]]<br />
[[File:Ikata Nuclear Powerplant.JPG|500px|thumb|The nuclear power plant of Huskopira, Yenkaido]]<br />
==== The beginning ====<br />
The first Izaki power generation plants (at the end of the 19th century) were mainly coal-fired thermoelectric plants located within the major cities. The first power station was built in Saindzaul in 1872, on the west side of the central station. The first hydroelectric power station was built near Sannupuri by the engineer Izaki-Kojolese Asuyan Lazákom. <br />
Subsequently, the development of the national transmission network allowed the exploitation of the hydroelectric basin constituted by the Charajui mountains, and thanks to hydroelectric energy, a first slight industrial development of Izaland was possible. However, hydroelectric production alone soon no longer kept pace with the energy demand from industry, which in the meantime had entered a phase of marked development, and it was necessary to plug the electricity shortage with imports from neighboring countries and with the construction of new thermoelectric plants.<br />
<br />
In 1941 there were over 25 private companies for the production of electricity in Izaland, including Keidyen, Nankai Dyenliki, Yenkaidyen and the SHD group, however nationalization was initiated by presidential decree with the creation, in the same year, of '''Kukuris Passhaidyen Kikān''' (國立發配電機構), or KPK, which would later merge into '''Hwadyen''' (華電), the current manager company of Izaland's power generation and distribution.<br />
<br />
==== Recent years ====<br />
Izaland in the last years has invested huge amounts of its economic budget in renewable resources, and as of 2020, the 87% of the produced energy comes from them. <br />
Blessed by copious amounts of water resources, most of the energy is produced by hydroelectric, photovoltaic and nuclear, and it is managed and distributed by [[Hwadyen Corporation]], the national provider of electricity in the country.<br />
<br />
The Izaki government was one of the pioneers in Eastern Uletha in the field of decarbonization, also thanks to the popular awareness carried out by the interventions of the young activist Yūshiki Oridota in the early 2000s.<br />
<br />
=== Sources of energy production ===<br />
<br />
===Hydroelectric===<br />
Izaland's robust hydroelectric power production is predominantly situated in the northern Alps where abundant water resources facilitate optimal energy harnessing. Among the major hydroelectric plants, the Santaku Lake and Sanwin Lake complex in the north stand as a crucial contributor to the nation's power grid. Additionally, the Irinoen reservoir on central Kubori Island, established between 1943 and 1949, is a monumental project and one of the largest of its kind. <br />
<br />
This strategic placement of hydroelectric facilities capitalizes on natural water sources, ensuring a steady and reliable energy output. As of 2021, Izaland's hydroelectric energy production reaches 136 billion kilowatt-hours per year, attesting to the nation's success in balancing environmental consciousness with its energy needs.<br />
<br />
===Nuclear power===<br />
Izaland has heavily invested in safe and productive nuclear electric power, and as of 2021 has 9 active plants, one in construction and two currently inactive due to renewals or upgrades. <br />
<br />
The totality of the nuclear power plants of Kubori island are located on the western side, where there is a lower risk of calamities and tsunami, compared to the open sea exposed eastern coast. <br />
<br />
Shin-Shikarana plant is the most powerful of the country, with a total output capacity of 6,4 Gwe.<br />
<br />
==Services==<br />
===Healthcare===<br />
Izaland's healthcare system is usually ranked among the best in the world, providing free assistance to all the Izaki nationals and the foreign residents by a mixed public-private system. The government managed system is called 健康衛生維持機構, (''kēnkānwesei ījikikū''), often shortened as 健衛維構 ''kēnnweīkū'' (KWIK), controlled by the Ministry of Health.<br />
<br />
General practitioners are managed and paid by the KWIK, must offer visiting time at least four days a week and have a limit of 1200 patients.<br />
<br />
Prescription drugs can be acquired if prescribed by the family doctor, and generally subsidized, requiring only a fixed amount depending on the medicine type and on the patient income. <br />
While over-the-counter drugs (棚上薬品, ''katarui yakupin'') can be purchased in the omnipresent drugstores, the prescription ones can only be sold in specialized shops (処方薬局, ''tsopō yakkyuku''). <br />
<br />
Visits by specialist or diagnostic tests are provided by public or private hospitals, and if prescribed by the family doctor require only a copay (about Є 50 ) and are free of charge for people with an income below a certain treshold. <br />
<br />
Izaki health care focuses on disease prevention (cancer, dementia and cardio-vascular complications are the usual causes of death) and the promotion of a healthy and athletic lifestyle. Primary health care includes the preventive health care system for different age groups: maternal health care for pregnant women, for infants and children up to school age. Scholar age health care is for school-age children and student health care is for college students and young adults up to their 30th birthday.<br />
<br />
In Izaland, in the event of illness, the employer is obliged to give his workers sick leave. An organized and comprehensive system of disease prevention and health promotion is one of the key factors for a well-functioning system and good health outcomes. <br />
<br />
In order to minimize the burden of cardiovascular disease and obesity treatments on the state budget, Izaland has invested heavily in promoting a healthy lifestyle and sports involvement. Thanks to the '''Healthy lifestyle promotion law''' (健康的生活推進法, ''kēnkāncheke-seikwas tswitsinpō'') law promulgated by Health Minister Unutan Rihajui in 1996, the state supports up to 50% of the costs of enrolling and participating in sports, such as team sports, martial arts and gyms.<ref>http://izalandnewsglobal.com/in/new-laws-to-improve-izaki-citizens-health.htlm Izaland News Global: New laws to improve Izaki citizens' health - retrieved, August 4th, 1999</ref><br />
<br />
Furthermore, starting from April 2003, with the "Eat Greener law" (翠ᐢ𖬁ᐤ𖬖 食𖬖ɭ𖬭ɭ),''Mirakintosa manaseke''), subsidies aimed at an organic and balanced diet are active, with the obligation for fast food chains to also offer low-calorie and nutritionally balanced menus. On the other hand, dishes considered typically "junk food" (see, hamburger and french fries) are taxed, which is why fast food restaurants in Izaland feel more expensive than in other countries.<br />
These measures contributed to the decrease in obesity from a low 8.4% in 1995 to 3.5% in 2017, saving up to 267,3 billion etsi in 20 years.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist|30em}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Izaland]]<br />
[[Category:Economies|Izaland]]</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=Economy_of_Izaland&diff=22084Economy of Izaland2024-01-30T04:52:58Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: /* Industry */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''This page is about the economy of [[Izaland]].''' <br />
{{Main|Izaland}}<br />
{{Infobox economy<br />
| name = [[Izaland]]<br />
| economy_type = social-market economy<br />
| currency = Etsi (Ė)<br />
| monetary_authority = Izakis kinnyūn ðaimubu</br><small>(華國ᒢ 金融財務部)</small><br />
| gdp_ppp_year = 2022 estimate<br />
| gdp_ppp_total = $6.8 trillion<br />
| gdp_ppp_per_capita = $58,474<br />
| hdi = 0.924<br />
| hdi_year = 2020<br />
| main_exports = Electronics, Services, financial products, transport equipment, machinery <br />
| main_imports = Oil, food, machinery, chemicals, raw materials<br />
| sector_bars = {{bar percent|Primary|green|3.4}}{{bar percent|Secondary|blue|25.6}}{{bar percent|Tertiary|yellow|71.0}}<br />
| custom_label1 = Exports<br><br><br>Main export partners<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Imports<br><br><br>Main import partners<br />
| custom1 = {{increase}} 825.30 billion USD (2022)<br>{{Federal States}}<br>{{Kojo}}<br>{{Suria}}<br>[[File:Unknown_Flag.png|28px]] Belphenia<br>{{Plevia}}<br>{{Demirhan Empire}}<br>[[File:Unknown_Flag.png|28px]] Pyeokchin<br>{{Cinasia}}<br>{{Bai Empire}}<br><br>{{increase}} 779,21 billion USD (2022)<br><br>{{Kojo}}<br>[[File:Unknown_Flag.png|28px]] Pyeokchin<br>{{Mazan}}<br>{{Gobrassanya}}<br>[[File:Unknown_Flag.png|28px]] Majesia<br>{{Federal States}}<br>[[File:Unknown_Flag.png|28px]] Pasundan P.<br>[[File:Unknown_Flag.png|28px]] Ruoguovvás<br>[[File:Unknown_Flag.png|28px]] Latina<br />
| custom_label2 = Wealth inequality index<br />
| custom2 = [[File:Decrease Positive.svg|12px]] 30.2 (2022)<br><span style="color:#FDAD00">medium</span><br />
}}<br />
[[Izaland]] has a strong tertiary oriented economy focusing especially on communications, electronics, services and tourism. Izaland, in particular, was able to position itself as one of the main economic powers right after the war, certainly facilitated by the privileged position within South-Eastern Uletha and by agile economic maneuvers implemented for post-war reconstruction.<br />
Furthermore, a rich natural environment gives Izaland also an important role in agriculture and fishery, while the industrial sector is particularly active in shipbuilding and electronic parts.<br />
<br />
The education sector is one of the engines of this economic success: a literacy rate of virtually 100%, a high percentage of the population able to speak two languages correctly (87.2% of the population is able to speak English fluently<ref>http://izastat.go.iz/in/blog/izaki-people-and-ingerish-proficiency.htlm IZastat: Izaki People and Ingerish proficiency - July 2nd, 2019</ref>) and the presence of 7 universities among the 100 best in the world allow the country to be able to count on its talents, keeping the percentage of "brain drain" low.<br />
<br />
==First sector==<br />
Although it has now been overtaken by modern sectors, the primary sector still plays an important role in the Izaki economy. The large central plains allow for sufficient land to be devoted to agriculture, and the many kilometers of coastline allow the fishing industry to flourish.<br />
<br />
===Agricolture===<br />
[[File:Hanalei_Valley_from_the_Hanalei_Lookout_in_Hanalei,_Hawaii.jpg|thumb|right|400px|Mixed fields in Koroshai Valley]]<br />
[[File:Vaches-001.jpeg|400px|thumb|A controlled cattle pasture in the north, used for milk]]<br />
The areas used for agricultural use in the Izaki territory are mainly located in the continental zone, especially in the vast western plain and in the prefecture of Dōnpuku.<br />
<br />
The northern area, due to the climate, is more suitable for the cultivation of tubers, such as potatoes, apples and other fruit trees, and wheat. By heading towards the south, thus including the few flat areas of the island of Kubori, the climate and the territory become more suitable for rice cultivation.<br />
In the southern area of he same island, given the subtropical climate, sugarcane, tea, coffee (experimentally) and tropical fruits are also cultivated. <br />
The [[tamoki]] is a tropical fruit originally from Kubori island and the main production center is the south-east coast of the island. Every year [[Kanlisahna]] hosts the international tamoki fair, where the main producer of this fruit gather and it is possible to taste the different varieties. <br />
<br />
===Livestock===<br />
In Izaland meat industry is somehow limited compared to other industrialized countries, since intensive animal farming is forbidden since the "Animal Farming New Ethics Law" (家畜新倫理法, ''Kachuku Shin-rinlipō'') was approved in 1998 by the then minister for the environment Saeki Jurikomai, amid local farmers' protests. For this reason, most of the meat is now artificially produced via the synthetization of proteins, or by the means of soy proteins, of which Izaland is the top exporter. The research in this field has reached very high levels, and either in taste and texture, Izaland's artificial meat is considered a true substitute of real meat, and now accepted and appreciated by people. Of course, a premium meat industry is available, and satisfied by open air animal farms; this, however, makes "real meat" quite expensive in Izaland. Importation of meat is strictly regulated but allowed, and usually only meat coming from organic foreign farms is allowed (although a black market also exists). <br />
<br />
===Fishery===<br />
Fishery represents another important part of the primary sector. The fishing sector is strictly controlled in order to avoid overfishing or the imbalance of marine ecosystems.<br />
Being mostly surrounded by the sea, Izaland's cuisine also makes an extensive use of fish and seafood. The main products are the green fin tuna, mackerel, adekun and the hinsos, a specie of edible shark. Violet prawns are also a popular dish in the south of Kubori island. <br />
<br />
===Mining and Forestry===<br />
Mining and forestry sectors are fairly developed in the eastern coast of Kubori island, where coal, timber and modest quantity of gold are produced. <br />
Oil deposit are scarce, although a reserve enough to sustain the 20% of the domestic demand is located off-shore Shikarana.<br />
<br />
==Industry==<br />
[[File:Tsing Ma Bridge 2.jpg|400px|thumb|The Einoraka Great Bridge, Nankai Prefecture]]<br />
Industry in Izaland nowadays has a minor importance compared to a few decades ago, due to the delocalization of heavy industries, however still now it contributes to an important part of its economy.<br />
<br />
The main manufacture products include ships and vessels (especially fishing and cruise ones), railway cars and trainsets (mainly produced by Izaki Sharyān and Atron Railcars Manufacture, ARM) and parts for spaceships. Other important productions are semiconductor and screen panels, furniture (Izaland has a strong wooden furniture tradition, using the ''kamawi'' (梏) tree wood) and instruments for fishery and sailing (radars, engines etc).<br />
<br />
===Electronics===<br />
Izaland is primarily known around the world for its many electronics companies, including Atron Electronics, Ritsen and TBD. Atron, in particular, is one of the main dzaibos groups and alone accounts for 1.45% of the country's total exports.<br />
Liquid crystal displays and OLEDs are one of the leading sectors of Izaki high technology, and the country still remains one of the largest producers in the world.<br />
<br />
===Automotive===<br />
The automotive sector was one of the first to emerge in the Izaki economy, with the first models being produced by Shobetsuki in the 1930s. In the first post-war period, the relatively low production costs allowed producers such as TBD to acquire a greater share in the global market. The crisis of the 1990s left some illustrious victims, such as TBD, which failed during the 1994 Taishin crisis, but nonetheless, the automotive sector remains the driving force in today's Izaki economy.<br />
<br />
===Construction===<br />
Given the presence of hundreds of islands, as well as a complex orography, infrastructures such as viaducts and bridges have been of vital importance since the beginning of the industrial revolution in order to connect the country. This has led to the development of deep-rooted know-how in heavy infrastructure techniques and a high level of engineering in Izaland.<br />
<br />
Major companies include Shobetsuki Heavy Industries and Samosāri Design.<br />
<br />
===Shibpuilding===<br />
Izaki's shipbuilding industry stands as a pillar of the nation's economic prowess, with major shipyards strategically located across the country. Notably, Kansaki Shipbuild, situated in Pewanari City near Saindzaul, spearheads the industry's advancements. The island of Sumasai, along with the ports of Chihanose and Daishin, also play crucial roles in the construction of a diverse range of vessels. Izaki shipbuilders specialize in crafting high-quality fishing vessels, naval and military ships, and luxurious cruise liners. <br />
<br />
The industry's reputation for excellence extends beyond national borders, with a significant portion of its clientele comprising foreign military orders. Countries across Archanta and Antarephia continents rely on Izaki shipbuilding expertise, further solidifying the nation's standing in the global maritime market.<br />
<br />
==Energy==<br />
=== History ===<br />
[[File:Electric production of Izaland.svg|500px|thumb]]<br />
[[File:Ikata Nuclear Powerplant.JPG|500px|thumb|The nuclear power plant of Huskopira, Yenkaido]]<br />
==== The beginning ====<br />
The first Izaki power generation plants (at the end of the 19th century) were mainly coal-fired thermoelectric plants located within the major cities. The first power station was built in Saindzaul in 1872, on the west side of the central station. The first hydroelectric power station was built near Sannupuri by the engineer Izaki-Kojolese Asuyan Lazákom. <br />
Subsequently, the development of the national transmission network allowed the exploitation of the hydroelectric basin constituted by the Charajui mountains, and thanks to hydroelectric energy, a first slight industrial development of Izaland was possible. However, hydroelectric production alone soon no longer kept pace with the energy demand from industry, which in the meantime had entered a phase of marked development, and it was necessary to plug the electricity shortage with imports from neighboring countries and with the construction of new thermoelectric plants.<br />
<br />
In 1941 there were over 25 private companies for the production of electricity in Izaland, including Keidyen, Nankai Dyenliki, Yenkaidyen and the SHD group, however nationalization was initiated by presidential decree with the creation, in the same year, of '''Kukuris Passhaidyen Kikān''' (國立發配電機構), or KPK, which would later merge into '''Hwadyen''' (華電), the current manager company of Izaland's power generation and distribution.<br />
<br />
==== Recent years ====<br />
Izaland in the last years has invested huge amounts of its economic budget in renewable resources, and as of 2020, the 87% of the produced energy comes from them. <br />
Blessed by copious amounts of water resources, most of the energy is produced by hydroelectric, photovoltaic and nuclear, and it is managed and distributed by [[Hwadyen Corporation]], the national provider of electricity in the country.<br />
<br />
The Izaki government was one of the pioneers in Eastern Uletha in the field of decarbonization, also thanks to the popular awareness carried out by the interventions of the young activist Yūshiki Oridota in the early 2000s.<br />
<br />
=== Sources of energy production ===<br />
===Nuclear power===<br />
Izaland has heavily invested in safe and productive nuclear electric power, and as of 2021 has 9 active plants, one in construction and two currently inactive due to renewals or upgrades. <br />
<br />
The totality of the nuclear power plants of Kubori island are located on the western side, where there is a lower risk of calamities and tsunami, compared to the open sea exposed eastern coast. <br />
<br />
Shin-Shikarana plant is the most powerful of the country, with a total output capacity of 6,4 Gwe.<br />
<br />
==Services==<br />
===Healthcare===<br />
Izaland's healthcare system is usually ranked among the best in the world, providing free assistance to all the Izaki nationals and the foreign residents by a mixed public-private system. The government managed system is called 健康衛生維持機構, (''kēnkānwesei ījikikū''), often shortened as 健衛維構 ''kēnnweīkū'' (KWIK), controlled by the Ministry of Health.<br />
<br />
General practitioners are managed and paid by the KWIK, must offer visiting time at least four days a week and have a limit of 1200 patients.<br />
<br />
Prescription drugs can be acquired if prescribed by the family doctor, and generally subsidized, requiring only a fixed amount depending on the medicine type and on the patient income. <br />
While over-the-counter drugs (棚上薬品, ''katarui yakupin'') can be purchased in the omnipresent drugstores, the prescription ones can only be sold in specialized shops (処方薬局, ''tsopō yakkyuku''). <br />
<br />
Visits by specialist or diagnostic tests are provided by public or private hospitals, and if prescribed by the family doctor require only a copay (about Є 50 ) and are free of charge for people with an income below a certain treshold. <br />
<br />
Izaki health care focuses on disease prevention (cancer, dementia and cardio-vascular complications are the usual causes of death) and the promotion of a healthy and athletic lifestyle. Primary health care includes the preventive health care system for different age groups: maternal health care for pregnant women, for infants and children up to school age. Scholar age health care is for school-age children and student health care is for college students and young adults up to their 30th birthday.<br />
<br />
In Izaland, in the event of illness, the employer is obliged to give his workers sick leave. An organized and comprehensive system of disease prevention and health promotion is one of the key factors for a well-functioning system and good health outcomes. <br />
<br />
In order to minimize the burden of cardiovascular disease and obesity treatments on the state budget, Izaland has invested heavily in promoting a healthy lifestyle and sports involvement. Thanks to the '''Healthy lifestyle promotion law''' (健康的生活推進法, ''kēnkāncheke-seikwas tswitsinpō'') law promulgated by Health Minister Unutan Rihajui in 1996, the state supports up to 50% of the costs of enrolling and participating in sports, such as team sports, martial arts and gyms.<ref>http://izalandnewsglobal.com/in/new-laws-to-improve-izaki-citizens-health.htlm Izaland News Global: New laws to improve Izaki citizens' health - retrieved, August 4th, 1999</ref><br />
<br />
Furthermore, starting from April 2003, with the "Eat Greener law" (翠ᐢ𖬁ᐤ𖬖 食𖬖ɭ𖬭ɭ),''Mirakintosa manaseke''), subsidies aimed at an organic and balanced diet are active, with the obligation for fast food chains to also offer low-calorie and nutritionally balanced menus. On the other hand, dishes considered typically "junk food" (see, hamburger and french fries) are taxed, which is why fast food restaurants in Izaland feel more expensive than in other countries.<br />
These measures contributed to the decrease in obesity from a low 8.4% in 1995 to 3.5% in 2017, saving up to 267,3 billion etsi in 20 years.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist|30em}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Izaland]]<br />
[[Category:Economies|Izaland]]</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=User:Izaland_Terramorphing_Committee/Sandbox/Izaki_Language&diff=22083User:Izaland Terramorphing Committee/Sandbox/Izaki Language2024-01-30T04:17:37Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: Inverted genitive and locative (now essive) suffixes</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox lang<br />
| name = Izaki<br />
| native_name = 華邦語<br />
| pronunciation = izakigo<br />
| official = [[Izaland]]<br />
| other-regions = South-Eastern Uletha<br />
| speakers = 132 million<br />
| agency = Izaland National Academy for the Izaki Language</br>國立華邦語管理學會<br />
| sign = <br />
| dialects = Warohan, Juhuku`<br />
| family = isolate<br />
| writing_system = byakuji (百字) and askaoza (𖬮ᒢ𖬭'ᐤ𖬖𖬰)<br />
| script = byakuji (百字) and askaoza (𖬮ᒢ𖬭'ᐤ𖬖𖬰)<br />
| tonal = No<br />
| alignment =<br />
| word-order = SOV<br />
| modifiers = <br />
| noun-cases = yes<br />
| noun-gender = no<br />
| noun-number = yes<br />
| verb-aspect = yes<br />
| verb-mood = yes<br />
| verb-number = yes<br />
| verb-person = yes<br />
| verb-tense = yes<br />
| verb-voice = yes<br />
| adj-cases = no<br />
| adj-gender = no<br />
| adj-number = yes<br />
}}<br />
A brief manual of Izaki language, the conlang under development for Izaland. <br />
<br />
Basically it is a language isolate, however many elements are inspired by Japanese, Korean and Finnish Languages.<br />
<br />
= Phonology - 音声学 =<br />
<br />
== Sounds ==<br />
Izaki language has an average number of consonant sounds, and a limited number of vocalic sounds, making it a pretty easy to pronounce language. <br />
<br />
=== Vowels ===<br />
Izaki has 5 vowels and 2 semivowels. The 5 vowels can have a short or a long sound:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|<br />
|Back<br />
|Front<br />
|-<br />
|Close<br />
|/i/<br />
|/u/<br />
|-<br />
|Mid<br />
|/e/<br />
|/o/<br />
|-<br />
|Open<br />
|<br />
|/a/<br />
|}<br />
The semivowels are /w/ and /j/, and always occur before a vowel. The only exception is the /wjV/ composition, where V is a vowel (mostly /a/), like in the compound /wja/ (業).<br />
<br />
=== Consonants ===<br />
Izaki has 22 consonants, as per the following phonetic chart.<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''↓ Manner/Place →'''<br />
|'''Bilabial'''<br />
|'''Labiodental'''<br />
|'''Alveolar'''<br />
|'''Palato-alveolar'''<br />
|'''Palatal'''<br />
|'''Velar'''<br />
|'''Glottal'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Nasal'''<br />
|m<br />
|<br />
|n<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|'''Stop'''<br />
|p b<br />
|<br />
|t d<br />
|<br />
|c<br />
|k ɡ<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|'''Affricate'''<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|ʦ ʣ<br />
|ʧ ʤ<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|'''Fricative'''<br />
|<br />
|f<br />
|s z<br />
|ʃ ʒ<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|h<br />
|-<br />
|'''Approximant'''<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|j<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|'''Trill'''<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|ɾ<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|'''Lateral approximant'''<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|l<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Syllabes ==<br />
The Izaki phonology is strictly syllable based, and the structure we are going to explain followingly is so strict that also foreign loan words must be adapted to it. <br />
<br />
To better explain the syllable composition, we will divide the different sounds into three categories:<br />
<br />
'''V''': the 5 vowels, short or long (''a, e, i, o, u, ā, ē, ī, ō, ū'')<br />
<br />
'''C''': the 22 consonants (''p, b, k, g, t, d, ch, j, s, z, ts, ð, sh, zh, m, n, l, r, h, f, v'')<br />
<br />
'''F''': the syllable-final consonants (''n, l, s, r, h*, kk**'') - only these consonants can appear after a vowel in a syllable, or at the end of a word. However, no words end by -h.<br />
<br />
<br />
<nowiki>*</nowiki>h: it can be found in the final position of a syllable structure, and appears between a vowel and another consonant. The following consonant will be not voiced<br />
<br />
Example words: ''dahkei'' (cliff), ''zhohtan'' (side), ''nihki'' (coast), ''rihmi'' (county), ''nehkeu'' (too much)<br />
<br />
<nowiki>**</nowiki>kk: the geminated /k/ is a feature of the south-west dialect, and in current Izaki language only appears in the name of the city of ''Kikknās'' (Itakiri Prefecture).<br />
<br />
A basic syllable can be one of the following kinds:<br />
<br />
* '''V''' any vowel, short or long<br />
* '''CV''' any consonant*, any vowel<br />
* '''CVF'''<br />
<br />
Only non sonorant consonants (''k, t, p, s, ts, sh, ch'') and n, l, r can be strong (doubled). <br />
<br />
Example words: ''kaida'' (sword), ''miwa'' (water), ''rekki'' (pen), ''noppo'' (spoon), ''keilo'' (route), ''shihkama'' (whale), ''kamitsas'' (everywhere), ''estinden'' (always), ''jīssu'' (to press), ''yokoku'' (notice), ''jāshiki'' (common sense), ''gūnyū'' (milk), ''hākei'' (total), ''keskwa'' (result), ''wingyōn'' (bank), ''inshēs'' (printing)...<br />
<br />
== Writing System ==<br />
Izaki language writing system is one of the most articulated writing systems, making use of the '''Bai characters''' and an original composed alphabet called '''askaoza''' (邦記, or 𖬒ᒢ𖬭ᣟᐤ𖬖𖬰).<br />
<br />
The Bai characters and the ''askaoza'' are not alternative writing systems, but each of them has a definite role. Basically, Bai characters are used to show the semantical meaning of nouns, verb roots, adjectives etc., while askaoza complements them, allowing variable parts of the speech to be declined or conjugated accordingly. This works basically as in Japanese with ''kanji'' and ''kana''.<br />
<br />
In the first section of our language manual we are going to learn the basics of the ''askaoza''.<br />
<br />
Main features of the ''askaoza'' writing system:<br />
<br />
# One letter corresponds to one sound<br />
# All the letter are by default adjoined with the sound “/a/”. No words in Izaki can start with a double consonant, while certain consonants can follow another one, but their representation is different (see later)<br />
# The other vocalic sounds except for “a” are rendered with a diacritic symbol, on the left or on the right of the consonant. <br />
# Single vowels are shown by a “placeholder” symbol, with the value of /a/ if no other vowel diacritic is present. <br />
# The main letters are unvoiced sounds. The corresponding voiced sounds are marked by a dot on the top. <br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Roman alp.'''<br />
|'''Character'''<br />
|'''IPA'''<br />
|'''Roman alp.'''<br />
|'''Character'''<br />
|'''IPA'''<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="3" |清音 (seion) - unvoiced<br />
| colspan="3" |濁音 (takuon) - voiced<br />
|-<br />
|'''K'''<br />
|𖬭<br />
|/k/<br />
|'''G'''<br />
|𖬭𖬰<br />
|/g/<br />
|-<br />
|'''P'''<br />
|𖬡<br />
|/p/<br />
|'''B'''<br />
|𖬡𖬰<br />
|/b/<br />
|-<br />
|'''S'''<br />
|𖬖<br />
|/s/<br />
|'''Z'''<br />
|𖬖𖬰<br />
|/z/<br />
|-<br />
|'''T'''<br />
|𖬮<br />
|/t/<br />
|'''D'''<br />
|𖬮𖬰<br />
|/d/<br />
|-<br />
|'''F'''<br />
|𖬌<br />
|/f/<br />
|'''V'''<br />
|𖬌𖬰<br />
|/v/<br />
|-<br />
|'''CH'''<br />
|𖬥<br />
|/ʧ/<br />
|'''J'''<br />
|𖬥𖬰<br />
|/ʤ/<br />
|-<br />
|'''SH'''<br />
|𖬔<br />
|/ʃ/<br />
|'''ZH'''<br />
|𖬔𖬰<br />
|/ʒ/<br />
|-<br />
|'''TS'''<br />
|𖬪<br />
|/ʦ/<br />
|'''Đ'''<br />
|𖬪𖬰<br />
|/ʣ/<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="3" rowspan="5" |<br />
|'''H'''<br />
|𖬨<br />
|/h/<br />
|-<br />
|'''N'''<br />
|𖭑<br />
|/n/<br />
|-<br />
|'''M'''<br />
|𖬊<br />
|/m/<br />
|-<br />
|'''L'''<br />
|𖬠<br />
|/l/<br />
|-<br />
|'''R'''<br />
|𖬬<br />
|/r/<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Vowels and consonant joints ===<br />
Let’s take the first letter in Izaki alphabetical order, the “ka”: 𖬭 As it is now, we would read it /ka/, and not “k”, since in Izaki consonants are not stand-alone, and the default value is /ka/.<br />
<br />
What if we want to give it the sound /ke/? In this case we need to add on the right (as this is the rule of the “E”) the necessary diacritic, called, in Izaki, ''tenkun'': 𖬭ɭ<br />
<br />
Thus we know that “𖬭ɭ” will be read as /ke/; “𖬭𖬭ɭ” will be /kake”/ and “𖬭ɭ𖬭” shall be /keka/<br />
<br />
In the same way, we can write either ki, ko, and ku:<br />
<br />
𖬭ᛁ the “i” sound is made by adding a vertical bar<br />
<br />
𖬭ᐤ the “o” sound is made by adding a small circle on the top-right<br />
<br />
𖬭𐐢 the “u” sound is rendered by an umbrella handle shaped element<br />
<br />
Thus we can have these possible combinations:<br />
<br />
𖬭𖬭ᛁ (kaki), 𖬭ᐤ𖬭𐐢 (koku), 𖬭ᛁ𖬭𐐢 (kiku) etc…<br />
<br />
<br />
Let’s take a view to the main Izaki consonants with the 5 simple vowels:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|''Consonant''<br />
|'''A'''<br />
|'''E'''<br />
|'''I'''<br />
|'''O'''<br />
|'''U'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''-'''<br />
|𖬒 a<br />
|𖬒ɭ e<br />
|𖬒ᛁ i<br />
|𖬒ᐤ o<br />
|𖬒𐐢 u<br />
|-<br />
|'''K'''<br />
|𖬭 ka<br />
|𖬭ɭ ke<br />
|𖬭ᛁ ki<br />
|𖬭ᐤ ko<br />
|𖬭𐐢 ku<br />
|-<br />
|'''P'''<br />
|𖬡 pa<br />
|𖬡ɭ pe<br />
|𖬡ᛁ pi<br />
|𖬡ᐤ po<br />
|𖬡𐐢 pu<br />
|-<br />
|'''S'''<br />
|𖬖 sa<br />
|𖬖ɭ se<br />
|𖬖ᛁ shi<br />
|𖬖ᐤ so<br />
|𖬖𐐢 su<br />
|-<br />
|'''T'''<br />
|𖬮 ta<br />
|𖬮ɭ te<br />
|𖬮ᛁ ti<br />
|𖬮ᐤ to<br />
|𖬮𐐢 tu<br />
|-<br />
|'''F'''<br />
|𖬌 fa<br />
|𖬌ɭ fe<br />
|𖬌ᛁ fi<br />
|𖬌ᐤ fo<br />
|𖬌𐐢 fu<br />
|-<br />
|'''CH'''<br />
|𖬥 cha<br />
|𖬥ɭ che<br />
|𖬥ᛁ chi<br />
|𖬥ᐤ cho<br />
|𖬥𐐢 chu<br />
|-<br />
|'''SH'''<br />
|𖬔 sha<br />
|𖬔ɭ she<br />
|𖬔ᛁ shi<br />
|𖬔ᐤ sho<br />
|𖬔𐐢 shu<br />
|-<br />
|'''TS'''<br />
|𖬪 tsa<br />
|𖬪ɭ tse<br />
|𖬪ᛁ tsi<br />
|𖬪ᐤ tso<br />
|𖬪𐐢 tsu<br />
|-<br />
|'''H'''<br />
|𖬨 ha<br />
|𖬨ɭ he<br />
|𖬨ᛁ hi<br />
|𖬨ᐤ ho<br />
|𖬨𐐢 hu<br />
|-<br />
|'''N'''<br />
|𖭑 na<br />
|𖭑ɭ ne<br />
|𖭑ᛁ ni<br />
|𖭑ᐤ no<br />
|𖭑𐐢 nu<br />
|-<br />
|'''M'''<br />
|𖬊 ma<br />
|𖬊ɭ me<br />
|𖬊ᛁ mi<br />
|𖬊ᐤ mo<br />
|𖬊𐐢 mu<br />
|-<br />
|'''L'''<br />
|𖬠 la<br />
|𖬠ɭ le<br />
|𖬠ᛁ li<br />
|𖬠ᐤ lo<br />
|𖬠𐐢 lu<br />
|-<br />
|'''R'''<br />
|𖬬 ra<br />
|𖬬ɭ re<br />
|𖬬ᛁ ri<br />
|𖬬ᐤ ro<br />
|𖬬𐐢 ru<br />
|}<br />
Here are the derived consonants with the different vowel combinations:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|''Consonant''<br />
|'''A'''<br />
|'''E'''<br />
|'''I'''<br />
|'''O'''<br />
|'''U'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''-'''<br />
|𖬒 a<br />
|𖬒ɭ e<br />
|𖬒ᛁ i<br />
|𖬒ᐤ o<br />
|𖬒𐐢 u<br />
|-<br />
|'''G'''<br />
|𖬭𖬰 ga<br />
|𖬭𖬰ɭ ge<br />
|𖬭𖬰ᛁ gi<br />
|𖬭𖬰ᐤ go<br />
|𖬭𖬰𐐢 gu<br />
|-<br />
|'''B'''<br />
|𖬡𖬰 ba<br />
|𖬡𖬰ɭ be<br />
|𖬡𖬰ᛁ bi<br />
|𖬡𖬰ᐤ bo<br />
|𖬡𖬰𐐢 bu<br />
|-<br />
|'''Z'''<br />
|𖬖𖬰 za<br />
|𖬖𖬰ɭ ze<br />
|𖬖𖬰ᛁ zi<br />
|𖬖𖬰ᐤ zo<br />
|𖬖𖬰𐐢 zu<br />
|-<br />
|'''D'''<br />
|𖬮𖬰 da<br />
|𖬮𖬰ɭ de<br />
|𖬮𖬰ᛁ di<br />
|𖬮𖬰ᐤ do<br />
|𖬮𖬰𐐢 du<br />
|-<br />
|'''V'''<br />
|𖬌𖬰 va<br />
|𖬌𖬰ɭ ve<br />
|𖬌𖬰ᛁ vi<br />
|𖬌𖬰ᐤ vo<br />
|𖬌𖬰𐐢 vu<br />
|-<br />
|'''J'''<br />
|𖬥𖬰 ja<br />
|𖬥𖬰ɭ je<br />
|𖬥𖬰ᛁ ji<br />
|𖬥𖬰ᐤ jo<br />
|𖬥𖬰𐐢 ju<br />
|-<br />
|'''ZH'''<br />
|𖬔𖬰 zha<br />
|𖬔𖬰ɭ zhe<br />
|𖬔𖬰ᛁ zhi<br />
|𖬔𖬰ᐤ zho<br />
|𖬔𖬰𐐢 zhu<br />
|-<br />
|'''Ð'''<br />
|𖬪𖬰 ða<br />
|𖬪𖬰ɭ ðe<br />
|𖬪𖬰ᛁ ði<br />
|𖬪𖬰ᐤ ðo<br />
|𖬪𖬰𐐢 ðu<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Diphthongs ===<br />
Besides the main 5 vowels, Izaki language also has s certain number of diphthongs, or gliding vowels, a combination of two adjacent vowel sounds within the same syllable. <br />
<br />
Let’s take a look at some examples: 𐭘𖬭 kya, 𐩪𖬌 fwo, 𐩬𖬖 swa<br />
<br />
There are 8 main diphthongs, rendered in roman alphabet with “y” (/j/) and “w” (/w/), and in askaoza these semivocalic sounds are shown by a diacritic on the left of the corresponding consonant. <br />
<br />
Let’s see how it works with the consonant 𖭑 (n):<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|<br />
|'''A'''<br />
|'''E'''<br />
|'''I'''<br />
|'''O'''<br />
|'''U'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Y'''<br />
|𐭘𖭑 nya<br />
|𐐑𖭑 nye<br />
|<br />
|ᛚ𖭑 nyo<br />
|𐐓𖭑 nyu<br />
|-<br />
|'''W'''<br />
|𐩬𖭑 nwa<br />
|𐩧𖭑 nwe<br />
|𐐊𖭑 nwi<br />
|𐩪𖭑 nwo<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
Example words and sounds:<br />
<br />
𖭑ᛁ𐩬𖭑ɭ niswae<br />
<br />
𖬒ᐤ𐐓𖬬𖬒 oryua<br />
<br />
𐩧𖬭𖬬ᛁ kweri<br />
<br />
𐐓𖬒𖬪ᐤ yutso<br />
<br />
𐭘𖬨Ꮀ𐐊𖬭 hyaakwi<br />
<br />
𐐑𖬒ᛁ𖬖ᐤᐡ yeison<br />
<br />
𖬌𐐢𐐑𖬬 furye<br />
<br />
𖬪𐩬𖬒 tsawa<br />
<br />
𖬖𐩪𖬒𖬨ᛁ sawohi<br />
<br />
𐩪𖬭𖬨ɭ kwohe<br />
<br />
𖬊ᛁ𐩧𖬖Ꮀ miwee<br />
<br />
ᛚ𖬒𖬊 yoma<br />
<br />
𐐓𖬊Ꮀ𖬨 myuuha<br />
<br />
ᛚ𖬮𖬖𐐢 tyosu<br />
<br />
=== Double Consonants ===<br />
The double consonant is possible only with K, P, CH, S, T, N, L, SH, TS, and it is shown by a "^" diacritic symbol on the respective glyph.<br />
* KKA 𖬘𖬳<br />
* PPA 𖬇𖬳<br />
* TTA 𖬁𖬳𖬳<br />
* CCHA 𖬐𖬳<br />
* SSA 𖬖𖬳<br />
* SSHA 𖬔𖬳<br />
* TTSA 𖬑𖬳𖬳<br />
* LLA 𖬈𖬳<br />
<br />
Only the "nn" rendering is different, as it is shown with a diacritic symbol before "NA": <br />
<br />
* NNA ⲅ𖭑<br />
<br />
;Examples <br />
* 𖬮𖬭 taka vs 𖬮𖬘𖬳 takka<br />
* 𖬨ᛁ𖭑ᐡ hinan vs 𖬨ᛁⲅ𖭑ᐡ hinnan<br />
* 𖬥ᛁ𐩪𖬭 chikwo vs 𖬥ᛁ𐩪𖬘𖬳 chikkwo<br />
* 𖬮𐐢𖬖 usa vs 𖬮𐐢𖬖𖬳 ussa<br />
* 𖬮ᐤ𖬇𐐢ᐢ opun vs 𖬮ᐤ𖬇𖬳𐐢ᐢ oppun<br />
<br />
=== Long vowels ===<br />
In Izaki language, vowels can be short or long. This feature has a distinctive value, so it is important to notice when a vowel is short or long. <br />
<br />
In the official '''Sanotari-Idanos romanization system''', long vowels are written with a macron: ā ī ē ō ū, while in the less used '''Tagenas romanization system''', they are just left as a couple of vowels: aa, ii, ee, oo, uu. <br />
<br />
In the askaoza alphabet, to mark a long vowel, the diacritic “Ꮀ” is placed on the right of the long vowel syllable. <br />
<br />
Let’s take a look at some examples: 𖬭Ꮀ kā, 𖬌ᛁᎰ fī, 𖬮ᐤᎰ tō<br />
<br />
There are cases of long vowel in a CVC syllabe. In this case, the diacritic must be placed before the final consonant one: 𖬪ᐤᎰᐡ tsōn, 𖬬𐐢Ꮀᒢ rūs, 𖬨ɭᎰᣘ hēr<br />
<br />
= Greetings and useful expressions =<br />
In the table, some useful words in Izaki<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Ingerish'''<br />
|'''Izaki (romanised)'''<br />
|'''Transcription (Izaki)'''<br />
|-<br />
|Ingerish<br />
|Ingo<br />
|引語<br />
|-<br />
|Yes<br />
|Sā<br />
|𖬖⸠<br />
|-<br />
|No<br />
|Na<br />
|𖭑<br />
|-<br />
|Hello!<br />
|Ānjiwara!<br />
|𖬮⸠ᐢ𖬐𖬰ᛁ𐩬𖬮𖬬<br />
|-<br />
|How are you<br />
|Soi yodeska?<br />
|𖬖ᐤᛁ ꓩ𖬮𖬒𖬰ɭᒢ𖬭?<br />
|-<br />
|Hello (formal)<br />
|Āmajike<br />
|𖬮⸠𖬊𖬐𖬰ᛁ𖬭ɭ<br />
|-<br />
|Hi! (informal)<br />
|Ānji!<br />
|𖬮⸠ᐢ𖬐𖬰ᛁ!<br />
|-<br />
|I'm fine, thank you.<br />
|Nai tepan, dōmas.<br />
|𖭑꜉ 良ᐢ, 𖬒𖬰ᐤ⸠𖬊ᒢ.<br />
|-<br />
|So and so<br />
|tepana, zushina / tenazuna<br />
|良𖭑, 悪𖭑 / 𖬁ɭ𖭑𖬖𖬰𐐢𖭑<br />
|-<br />
|Goodbye!<br />
|Sokkiba!<br />
|𖬖ᐤⲅ𖬭ᛁ𖬇𖬰!<br />
|-<br />
|Welcome<br />
|Witte edeseke<br />
|𐐊𖬮𖬁𖬳𖬳ɭ 𖬮ɭ𖬒𖬰ɭ𖬖ɭ𖬭ɭ<br />
|-<br />
|Please<br />
|Inadeshiyan (indeshan)<br />
|𖬮ᛁ𖭑𖬒𖬰ɭ𖬔ᛁ𐭘𖬮ᐢ (𖬮ᛁᐢ𖬒𖬰ɭ𖬔ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|Thank you<br />
|Dōmas<br />
<br />
Dōmades<br />
|𖬒𖬰ᐤ⸠𖬊ᒢ.<br />
𖬒𖬰ᐤ⸠𖬊𖬒𖬰ɭᒢ<br />
|-<br />
|You're welcome<br />
|Dōmehisatta<br />
|𖬒𖬰ᐤ⸠𖬊ɭ𖬨ᛁ𖬖𖬁𖬳𖬳<br />
|-<br />
|Excuse me<br />
|Karansekeni / Karanseken / Karansee<br />
|𖬭𖬬ᐢ𖬖ɭ𖬭ɭ𖭑ᛁ / 𖬭𖬬ᐢ𖬖ɭ𖬭ɭᐢ / 𖬭𖬬ᐢ𖬖ɭ⸠<br />
|-<br />
|Sorry<br />
|Kuben<br />
|𖬭𐐢𖬇𖬰ɭᐢ<br />
|-<br />
|Good morning<br />
|Tepan allaa<br />
|良ᐢ 朝⸠<br />
|-<br />
|Good afternoon<br />
|Tepan katoo<br />
|良ᐢ 昼⸠<br />
|-<br />
|Good evening<br />
|Tepan seikaa<br />
|良ᐢ 夕⸠<br />
|-<br />
|Goodnight <br />
|Tepan nanshaa<br />
|良ᐢ 夜⸠<br />
|}<br />
<br />
= Nouns =<br />
Nouns in Izaki can be declined in singular and plural forms. There are no genders, as male, female or neuter. All the names are genderless.<br />
<br />
== Plural Formation ==<br />
In order to make the plural form, you need to prolong the last vowel of the name and add “n”. If the name already ends by a long vowel, just a n is added. If a noun ends in a consonant, see the rules. <br />
<br />
=== Nouns ending by vowel: ===<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Meaning'''<br />
|'''Singular (nominative)'''<br />
|'''Plural (nominative)'''<br />
|-<br />
|''water''<br />
|miwa (水)<br />
|miwaan (水⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''fire''<br />
|hunui(火)<br />
|hunuiin(火⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''man''<br />
|suto (男)<br />
|sutoon (男⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''woman''<br />
|natae (女)<br />
|nataeen (女⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''apple''<br />
|sugua (檎)<br />
|suguaan (檎⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''forest''<br />
|tsawa (森)<br />
|tsawaan (森⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''rice''<br />
|konu (米)<br />
|konuun (米⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''freedom''<br />
|jiyu (自由)<br />
|jiyuun (自由⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''nation''<br />
|kukka (國家)<br />
|kukkaan (國家⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|symptom<br />
|byōshō (病症)<br />
|byōshōhin (病症𖬨ᛁᐢ)<sup>1</sup><br />
|}<br />
1: nouns ending by a long vowel will add "hin" (𖬨ᛁᐢ)<br />
<br />
=== Noun ending by consonants: ===<br />
In Izaki, due to phonological rules, words can only end by: -n, -s, -l, -r. Basically to make the plural form, you need to prolong the ending consonant, and recall once again the previous vowel. <br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Meaning'''<br />
|'''Singular (nominative)'''<br />
|'''Plural (nominative)'''<br />
|'''Remarks, exceptions'''<br />
|-<br />
|''surface''<br />
|pyomyen(表面)<br />
|pyomyenne(表面𖭑ɭ)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''law''<br />
|pōrīs(法律)<br />
|pōrīsshi(法律𖬔ᛁ)<br />
|Izaki phonetics do not allow the /si/ syllable, which becomes /ʃi/ (shi). <br />
|-<br />
|''technology''<br />
|gijus(技術)<br />
|gijussu(技術𖬖𐐢)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''wave''<br />
|moigon(波)<br />
|moigonno(波𖭑ᐤ)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''leg''<br />
|huinnon(脚)<br />
|huinnonno(脚𖭑ᐤ)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''fennel''<br />
|totsus(茴)<br />
|totsussu(茴𖬖𐐢)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''insect''<br />
|nās(虫)<br />
|nāssa(虫𖬖)<br />
|If the last vowel of the singular form is a long one (ā,ē,ī,ō,ū), in the plural form it will be a shortened vowel.<br />
|-<br />
|''love''<br />
|saison(愛)<br />
|saisonno(愛𖭑ᐤ)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''docking''<br />
|rul(埠)<br />
|rullu(埠𖬈𐐢)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''God of the Sea''<br />
|kikk(𖬭ᛁ𖬘𖬳')<br />
|kikki(𖬭ᛁ𖬘𖬳ᛁ)<br />
|irregular word<br />
|-<br />
|''moral''<br />
|tekeh(徳)<br />
|tekehte(徳𖬁ɭ)<br />
|irregular word<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Cases ==<br />
Izaki Language operates on 8 cases (格⸠ᐢ ''kakuun''). <br />
<br />
Nouns, adjectives, pronouns and verbs need to be declined in most of the situations.<br />
<br />
# '''Nominative''' (主格, shukaku): the case used for the main subject, or the topic of the sentence. In the dictionary the nouns are in the nominative form.<br />
# '''Genitive''' (属格, zukkaku): to express the possession<br />
# '''Accusative''' (対格, taikaku): the case used for the direct object of a transitive verb<br />
# '''Dative''' (与格, yokaku): the indirect case of a destination recipient (to whom)<br />
# '''Essive''' (処格, shokaku): the case used to express the static position<br />
# '''Allative''' (向格, hyānkaku): the case used to express the direction (to the outside, until)<br />
# '''Ablative''' (奪格, daskaku): the case used to express the origin (from where, from when)<br />
# '''Instrumental''' (具格, gukaku): the case used to express the way or the instrument of an action (with something, using something), and also used to create other expressions using added ending suffixes. <br />
The following tables shows how some example words declinate in the different cases at their singular forms:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Case/meaning'''<br />
|'''Addied stem (-V/-C)'''<br />
|''water''<br />
|''tear''<br />
|''gate''<br />
|''wolf''<br />
|''opinion''<br />
|''day''<br />
|''sugar''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Nominative'''<br />
|''-''<br />
|miwa<br />
|tsokke<br />
|mua<br />
|tsaikis<br />
|wiken<br />
|kato<br />
|satā<br />
|-<br />
|'''Genitive'''<br />
|''add -n/-un''<br />
|miwa'''n'''<br />
|tsokke'''n'''<br />
|mua'''n'''<br />
|tsaikis'''un'''<br />
|wiken'''un'''<br />
|ka'''d'''o'''n'''<br />
|sa'''d'''ā'''n'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Accusative'''<br />
|''prolong vowel<sup>1</sup>''<br />
|miw'''ā'''<br />
|tsokkē<br />
|muā<br />
|tsaikisū<br />
|wikenū<br />
|katoo<br />
|satā<br />
|-<br />
|'''Dative'''<br />
|''add -i''<br />
|miwa'''i'''<br />
|tsokkei<br />
|muai<br />
|tsaikishi<br />
|wikenni<br />
|katoi<br />
|satāi<br />
|-<br />
|'''Essive'''<br />
|''add -s/-us''<br />
|miwa'''n'''<br />
|tsokke'''s'''<br />
|mua'''s'''<br />
|tsaikis'''us'''<br />
|wikenu'''s'''<br />
|ka'''d'''o'''s'''<br />
|sa'''d'''ā'''s'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Allative'''<br />
|''add -r/-ur''<br />
|miwa'''r'''<br />
|tsokke'''r'''<br />
|mua'''r'''<br />
|tsaikis'''ur'''<br />
|wiken'''ur'''<br />
|ka'''d'''o'''r'''<br />
|sa'''d'''ā'''r'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Ablative'''<br />
|''add -l/-ul''<br />
|miwa'''l'''<br />
|tsokke'''l'''<br />
|mua'''l'''<br />
|tsaikis'''ul'''<br />
|wiken'''ul'''<br />
|ka'''d'''o'''l'''<br />
|sa'''d'''ā'''l'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Instrumental'''<br />
|''see below''<br />
|miwa'''e'''<br />
|tsokkei<br />
|muae<br />
|tsaikiso<br />
|wikeni<br />
|katou<br />
|satāe<br />
|}<br />
1: if the noun already ends by a long vowel, the accusative keeps the same as the nominative.<br />
<br />
2: in the ''genitive'', ''essive'', ''allative'' and ''ablative'' cases ('''strong cases'''), nouns ending by vowel see a change in the last consonant, which becomes a sonorant if originally was k, p, ch, t, f, r, ts, sh, and preceded by a vowel. This phenomenon is called sonorisation of strong cases (強格濁音化); <br />
<br />
Eg: ''lota'' (sheet) > ''lo'''d'''as'', ''taito'' (diary) > ''tai'''d'''on'', ''dasa'' (trunk) > ''da'''z'''as'', ''niki'' (tower) > ''ni'''g'''is''<br />
<br />
However, this doesn't happen with double consonants, and when the consonant is preceded by ''h'' or ''s'': <br />
<br />
E.g. ''dahkei'' (precipice) > ''dah'''k'''ein'', ''juska'' (son) > ''jus'''k'''as''<br />
<br />
==== The instrumental ====<br />
The instrumental case can be created using the “vowel progression system”, and the rule is easily observable by each vowel ending words:<br />
<br />
# Words ending in a: add an -e<br />
# Words ending in e: add an -i<br />
# Words ending in i: add an -o (a diphthongization happens, so the word end changes to -yo)<br />
# Words ending in o: add an -u<br />
# Words ending in u: add an -a (a diphthongization happens, so the word end changes to -wa)<br />
# Words ending in consonant follow the same vowel progression rule as above, but the ending consonant doubles<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Meaning'''<br />
|'''Nominative'''<br />
|'''Instrumental'''<br />
|'''Notes'''<br />
|-<br />
|''water''<br />
|miwa<br />
|miwae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''hill''<br />
|oboe<br />
|oboei<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''river''<br />
|sāri<br />
|sāryo<br />
|i+o contract in “yo”<br />
|-<br />
|''color''<br />
|ahiro<br />
|ahirou<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''bear''<br />
|usumu<br />
|usumwa<br />
|u+a contract in “wa”<br />
|-<br />
|''employee''<br />
|shawin<br />
|shawinno<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''beetle''<br />
|tendattan<br />
|tendattanne<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''Sainðaul''<br />
|''Sainðaul''<br />
|''Sainðaulla''<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''life''<br />
|seikwas<br />
|seikwasse<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
''Note'': words already ending with a diphthong keeps behaving the same, except for V+”o” ending nouns:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Meaning'''<br />
|'''Nominative'''<br />
|'''Instrumental'''<br />
|'''Remarks'''<br />
|-<br />
|''lightning''<br />
|sasatsai <br />
|sasatsayo<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''bell''<br />
|akau<br />
|akawa<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''neck''<br />
|kea<br />
|keae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''tusk''<br />
|nekīkei<br />
|nekīkeyo<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''mushroom''<br />
|hingao<br />
|hingō*<br />
|<nowiki>-ao ending names change the last “ao” to “ō”</nowiki><br />
|-<br />
|''port''<br />
|sāreo<br />
|sāreu<br />
|<nowiki>-eo ending names change the last “eo” to “eu”</nowiki><br />
|-<br />
|''glass''<br />
|tassuo<br />
|tassū<br />
|<nowiki>-uo ending names change the last “uo” to “ū”</nowiki><br />
|-<br />
|''actor''<br />
|haiyū<br />
|haiyūa<br />
| -long u ending names just see an added "a"<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Derived cases ===<br />
From the instrumental stem, by adding other particles, you can create some sub-cases. <br />
<br />
# '''Comitative''' (with): -te (''miwaete'', with the water; ''tendattannete'', with the beetle)<br />
# '''Translative''' (to become): - nde (''sāryonde'', to become a river, ''jiyuande'', to become free)<br />
# '''Dedative''' (about): - nkai (''ahirounkai'', about the color; )<br />
# '''Abessive''' (without) -ttan (''saisonuttan'', without love; ''gijussattan'', without technology)<br />
<br />
Another case, the istructive, is made by the dative bases: <br />
<br />
# '''Istructive''' (with the mean of): - hte<br />
<br />
<br />
''Example sentences''<br />
<br />
I live in Sainðaul<br />
<br />
''Nai Sainðaulus paen. (我 作安崎''𐐢ᒢ 住𖬮ɭᐢ'')''<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
The books of the student are in the classroom.<br />
<br />
''Hakusein kinoon kyoshisus yohan.(学生之 冊''⸠ᐢ 教室𐐢ᒢ ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ)<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Anna ordered two novels.<br />
<br />
''Anna shosessē kantsul chubun teki.'' (𖬮ⲅ𖭑 小説𖬖ɭ⸠ 二𖬑𐐢ᐡ 注文𖬁ɭ𖬭ᛁ.)<br />
<br />
=== Plural cases ===<br />
The formation of the plural cases sees the presence of a thematic "i" inserted between the root of the word and the case ending; the consonant sonorisation doesn't happen:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Case/meaning'''<br />
|'''Addied stem (-V/-C)'''<br />
|''water''<br />
|''tear''<br />
|''gate''<br />
|''wolf''<br />
|''opinion''<br />
|''day''<br />
|''sugar''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Nominative'''<br />
|prolong last vowel and add -n/double the last consonant, and repeat the preceding vowel<br />
|miwaan<br />
|tsokkeen<br />
|muaan<br />
|tsaikisshi<br />
|wikenne<br />
|katoon<br />
|satāhin<br />
|-<br />
|'''Genitive'''<br />
|''add -in/-en''<br />
|miwa'''in'''<br />
|tsokke'''in'''<br />
|mua'''in'''<br />
|tsaikis'''en'''<br />
|wiken'''en'''<br />
|kato'''in'''<br />
|satāhen<br />
|-<br />
|'''Accusative'''<br />
|''add -ita/-ta''<br />
|miw'''aita'''<br />
|tsokke'''ita'''<br />
|mua'''ita'''<br />
|tsaikis'''ta'''<br />
|wiken'''ta'''<br />
|kato'''ita'''<br />
|satāheta<br />
|-<br />
|'''Dative'''<br />
|''add -hi''<br />
|miwa'''hi'''<br />
|tsokke'''hi'''<br />
|mua'''hi'''<br />
|tsaikis'''shi'''<br />
|wiken'''hi'''<br />
|kato'''hi'''<br />
|satāhi<br />
|-<br />
|'''Essive'''<br />
|''add -is/-es''<br />
|miwa'''is'''<br />
|tsokke'''is'''<br />
|mua'''is'''<br />
|tsaikis'''es'''<br />
|wiken'''es'''<br />
|kato'''is'''<br />
|satāhes<br />
|-<br />
|'''Allative'''<br />
|''add -ir/-er''<br />
|miwa'''ir'''<br />
|tsokke'''ir'''<br />
|mua'''ir'''<br />
|tsaikis'''er'''<br />
|wiken'''er'''<br />
|kato'''ir'''<br />
|satāher<br />
|-<br />
|'''Ablative'''<br />
|''add -il/-el''<br />
|miwa'''il'''<br />
|tsokke'''il'''<br />
|mua'''il'''<br />
|tsaikis'''el'''<br />
|wiken'''el'''<br />
|kato'''il'''<br />
|satāhel<br />
|-<br />
|'''Instrumental'''<br />
|''add -i after the singular instrumental''<br />
|miwa'''ei'''<br />
|tsokkeii<br />
|muaei<br />
|tsaikisoi<br />
|wikenii<br />
|katoui<br />
|satāei<br />
|}<br />
Note:<br />
<br />
* When a noun ends by long vowel at its singular form, the plural nominative theme is "-hin", but changes in "-he-" for the strong cases (genitive, locative, allative, ablative) eg: ''fupō'' (illegality) becomes ''fupōhin'' (illegalities), ''fubōs'' (of the illegality), ''fupōhen'' (in the illegalities) ...<br />
<br />
= Personal Pronouns =<br />
The personal pronouns in Izaki language, are the following:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|<br />
|'''Sing.'''<br />
|'''Plur.'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''1st'''<br />
|Nai<br />
|Naiin (exclusive), Nahu (incl.)<br />
|-<br />
|'''2nd'''<br />
|Sai / Kisai<br />
|Saiin / Kisaiin<br />
|-<br />
|'''3rd''' <br />
|Han<br />
|Hannu<br />
|}<br />
The 2nd person gets an honorific form by adding “ki” (貴) as a prefix<br />
<br />
Case conjugation:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Case'''<br />
|''I''<br />
|''You''<br />
|''He/She''<br />
|''We (ex)''<br />
|''We (inc)''<br />
|''You (pl)''<br />
|''They''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Nominative'''<br />
|nai<br />
|sai<br />
|han<br />
|naiin<br />
|nahu<br />
|saiin<br />
|hannu<br />
|-<br />
|'''Genitive'''<br />
|naiyo<br />
|saiyo<br />
|haiyo<br />
|nakiyo<br />
|nahuyo<br />
|sakiyo<br />
|hanniyo<br />
|-<br />
|'''Accusative'''<br />
|naka<br />
|saka<br />
|haka<br />
|naika<br />
|nahka<br />
|saika<br />
|hannika<br />
|-<br />
|'''Dative'''<br />
|nakai<br />
|sakai<br />
|hakai<br />
|naikai<br />
|nahkai<br />
|saikai<br />
|hannikai<br />
|-<br />
|'''Essive'''<br />
|nais<br />
|sais<br />
|hais<br />
|nakis<br />
|nahkis<br />
|sakis<br />
|hannus<br />
|-<br />
|'''Allative'''<br />
|nair<br />
|sair<br />
|hair<br />
|nakir<br />
|nahkir<br />
|sakir<br />
|hannur<br />
|-<br />
|'''Ablative'''<br />
|nail<br />
|sail<br />
|hail<br />
|nakil<br />
|nahkil<br />
|sakil<br />
|hannul<br />
|-<br />
|'''Instrumental'''<br />
|nayo<br />
|sayo<br />
|hane<br />
|nakyo<br />
|nahkyo<br />
|sakyo<br />
|hannwa<br />
|}<br />
The genitive, accusative and dative forms have also a suffix variation which can be put at the end of a noun or as a suffix of a verb:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Case'''<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|'''Genitive'''<br />
|<nowiki>-ne</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-se</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-he</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-nehe</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-nuhe</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-sehe</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-hese</nowiki><br />
|-<br />
|'''Accusative'''<br />
|<nowiki>-ni</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-shi</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-hi</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-nki</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-nhi</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-ski</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-heshi</nowiki><br />
|-<br />
|'''Dative'''<br />
|<nowiki>-na</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-sa</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-ha</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-nka</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-nha</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-ska</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-hasa</nowiki><br />
|}<br />
Note: in spoken language ''hese'' and ''hasa'' often become ''hes'', ''has''.<br />
<br />
=== Genitive suffix ===<br />
My computer: Naiyo dyensanki - or - dyensankine<br />
<br />
His wallet: Haiyo ðaifu - or - ðaifuhe<br />
<br />
Their house: Hanniyo futaka - or - futakahese<br />
<br />
Your smile: Saiyo hamiku - or - hamikuse<br />
<br />
=== Accusative suffix ===<br />
The accusative suffix is used after a verb when the direct object of it is a personal pronoun.<br />
<br />
I call you tomorrow: ''Nai akae nakonshi'' (also ''Nai akae saka nakon'')<br />
<br />
She invited you (pl) to the party: ''Han uiraben chadoisk''i (also ''Han saika uiraben chadoi'')<br />
<br />
I love you: (''Nai) saisonshi'' (also ''Nai saka saison'')<br />
<br />
==== Accusative suffix with reflexive verbs ====<br />
Certain verbs are called ''reflexive'', as the action gets back to the subject. In these cases, the accusative suffix has to be used.<br />
<br />
I get up (I wake up myself): ''Nai tashitonni''.<br />
<br />
He washes himself: ''Han jipehi.''<br />
<br />
They wore up in a hurry: ''Hannu dunese tapukeeheshi''. (eehe is often pronounced “ppe” in the spoken language > tapukeppeshi)<br />
<br />
(due to the repetitive eehe in reflexive verbs in the 3rd plural conjugation, the ēheshi suffix often gets contracted to ppēs, especially in spoken Izaki: “(Hannu) Dunese tapukeppes.”)<br />
<br />
=== Dative suffix ===<br />
The dative suffixes can be attached at the end of the verb. Notice the changes when the verb conjugation ends by consonant. <br />
<br />
He gives me some presents: ''Han kappareita tsotana.'' <br />
<br />
Sanna sent you her ring: ''Sanna tamūhe ronusa''.<br />
<br />
They killed him: ''Hannu sazokeeha''.<br />
<br />
=== Possessing function ===<br />
To express sentences such as “I have something”, the pronoun must be changed in the possessor tense, which is as follow: <br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Standard form'''<br />
|'''Possessing form'''<br />
|-<br />
|Nai 𖭑꜉<br />
|Nara 𖭑𖬬<br />
|-<br />
|Sai 𖬖꜉<br />
|Sara 𖬖𖬬<br />
|-<br />
|Han 𖬨ᐢ<br />
|Hara 𖬨𖬬<br />
|-<br />
|Naiin 𖭑꜉⸠ᐢ<br />
|Naira 𖭑꜉𖬬<br />
|-<br />
|Saiin 𖬖꜉⸠ᐢ<br />
|Saira 𖬖꜉𖬬<br />
|-<br />
|Hannu 𖬨ⲅ𖭑𐐢<br />
|Hanara 𖬨𖭑𖬬<br />
|}<br />
<u>Structure</u>: Pronoun in possessor form, owned object (nominative), to be verb (conjugated according to the number of the owned thing(s)).<br />
<br />
I have a bicycle: ''<u>Nara</u> jityensha yo. (''𖭑𖬬 自轉車 ꓩ𖬮)<br />
<br />
She has many clothes: ''<u>Hara</u> tasuin chuneen yohan.'' (𖬨𖬬 多𖬮ᛁᐢ 衣⸠ᐢ ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ.)<br />
<br />
You don’t have any pride: ''<u>Saira</u> nashehen euna yona.'' (𖬖꜉𖬬 什⸠ᐢ 誇 ꓩ𖬮𖭑.)<br />
<br />
For nouns different than the personal pronoun, dative case shall be used for the person/object who owns something:<br />
<br />
Kaoto has two cars: ''Kaoto<u>i</u> takamaan kanki yohan.'' (敢斗𖬮ᛁ 車⸠ᐢ 2基 ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ.)<br />
<br />
Has your teacher got a girlfriend? ''Hagiuppaya<u>i</u>se nattaiko yoreka?'' <br />
<br />
= Prepositions of place =<br />
Rule: change the name in the '''genitive''' case, followed by the position particle in '''essive''' case<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+Main prepositions of place '''(位置後付詞)'''<br />
!Meaning<br />
!Izaki<br />
!Writing<br />
!Example (with the words “table” (sawohi) and “” (house)<br />
|-<br />
|In front<br />
|adae<br />
|向<br />
|sawohin adaes<br />
|-<br />
|Behind<br />
|odae<br />
|後<br />
|sawohin odaes<br />
|-<br />
|On<br />
|uino<br />
|上<br />
|sawohin uinos<br />
|-<br />
|Over<br />
|swori<br />
|𐩪𖬖𖬬ᛁ<br />
|sawohin sworis<br />
|-<br />
|Under<br />
|teano<br />
|下<br />
|sawohin teanos<br />
|-<br />
|Below<br />
|kauri<br />
|𖬭'𐐢𖬬ᛁ<br />
|sawohin kauris<br />
|-<br />
|Next to<br />
|muje<br />
|横<br />
|sawohin mujes<br />
|-<br />
|Inside<br />
|juitte<br />
|中<br />
|futagan juittes<br />
|-<br />
|Outside<br />
|toku<br />
|外<br />
|futagan togus<br />
|-<br />
|Nearby<br />
|haikan<br />
|近ᐢ<br />
|futagan haikanus<br />
|-<br />
|Far from<br />
|nantan<br />
|遠ᐢ<br />
|futagan nantanus<br />
|}<br />
<br />
= Verbs =<br />
All izaki verbs, in the "dictionary form" end by -su (𖬖𐐢), and the part preceding it is the verb stem. <br />
<br />
Verbs are conjugated according to the 6 pronouns and in 5 different basic tenses: ''present, simple past, perfect, future,'' and ''hypothetic.'' <br />
<br />
Before other verb forms can be made one must first take off the infinitive ending from the stem, to which other endings are then added, cf. yuka/su ‘(to) think’ : yuka/ma/n ‘I will think’, yuka/ttu ‘thought’. <br />
<br />
Some verbs have more than one stem, in which case one is formed from the other, e.g. i/su ‘(to) go’ : ike/n ‘I go’ and e/su ‘(to) come’ : ere/n ‘I come’. <br />
<br />
Consonant weakening may affect secondary verbs stems, and we will see the rules in this chapter; e.g. nugi/su ‘(to) clean’ : nuki/n ’I clean‘ (consonant gradation) <br />
<br />
== Verb to be (yosu, ꓩ𖬮𖬖𐐢) ==<br />
''Yosu'' verb is the most important one in Izaki language, as it is needed to create sentences like “subject” is “copula”, or for existence sentences, such as “there is something”. <br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|Personal Pr.<br />
|'''Present'''<br />
|Ing. equivalent<br />
|'''Present neg.'''<br />
|'''Simple past'''<br />
|Ing. equivalent<br />
|'''Simple past neg.'''<br />
|'''Perfect'''<br />
|Ing. equivalent<br />
|'''Perfect neg.'''<br />
|'''Future'''<br />
|Ing. equivalent<br />
|'''Future neg.'''<br />
|-<br />
|Nai<br />
|yo'''n''' (ꓩ𖬮ᐢ)<br />
|I am<br />
|yo'''nan'''<br />
|yo'''in'''<br />
|I was<br />
|yo'''nain'''<br />
|yo'''len'''<br />
|I have been<br />
|yo'''nalen'''<br />
|yo'''man'''<br />
|I will be<br />
|yo'''naman'''<br />
|-<br />
|Sai<br />
|yo'''s''' (ꓩ𖬮ᒢ)<br />
|You are<br />
|yo'''nas'''<br />
|yo'''is'''<br />
|You were<br />
|yo'''nais'''<br />
|yo'''les'''<br />
|You have been<br />
|yo'''nales'''<br />
|yo'''mas'''<br />
|You will be<br />
|yo'''namas'''<br />
|-<br />
|Han<br />
|yo (ꓩ𖬮)<br />
|He/She/it is<br />
|yo'''na'''<br />
|yo'''i'''<br />
|He/she/it was<br />
|yo'''nai'''<br />
|yo'''le'''<br />
|He/she/it has been<br />
|yo'''nale'''<br />
|yo'''ma'''<br />
|He/she/it will be<br />
|yo'''nama'''<br />
|-<br />
|Naiin <br />
|yo'''nne''' (ꓩ𖬮ⲅ𖭑ɭ)<br />
|We are<br />
|yo'''nanne'''<br />
|yo'''inne'''<br />
|We were<br />
|yo'''nainne'''<br />
|yo'''lenne'''<br />
|We have been<br />
|yo'''nalenne'''<br />
|yo'''manne'''<br />
|We will be<br />
|yo'''namanne'''<br />
|-<br />
|Saiin<br />
|yo'''sse''' (ꓩ𖬮𖬖𖬳ɭ)<br />
|You are<br />
|yo'''nasse'''<br />
|yo'''isse'''<br />
|You were<br />
|yo'''naisse'''<br />
|yo'''lesse'''<br />
|You have been<br />
|yo'''nalesse'''<br />
|yo'''masse'''<br />
|You will be<br />
|yo'''namasse'''<br />
|-<br />
|Hannu<br />
|yo'''han''' (ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ)<br />
|They are<br />
|yo'''nahan'''<br />
|yo'''ihan'''<br />
|They were<br />
|yo'''naihan'''<br />
|yo'''lehan'''<br />
|They have been<br />
|yo'''nalehan'''<br />
|yo'''mahan'''<br />
|They will be<br />
|yo'''namahan'''<br />
|}<br />
As one can see, the conjugation rule is easy: '''-n''' for the first person, '''-s''' for the second, just the verb stem for the third. <br />
<br />
For the plural pronouns, you add “'''-nne'''” for “we”, “'''-sse'''” for you (plural), and “'''-han'''” for they.<br />
<br />
To create the negative form, just add “na” after the stem, and conjugate accordingly.<br />
<br />
For the simple past, add the past theme “i” after the stem, for the simple past negative, add “nai”, for the perfect add "le", and for the future add "ma" (note that the negative stem "na" has the priority in closeness to the verb stem when other suffixes are added). <br />
<br />
<br />
''Example sentences''<br />
<br />
I am a man ( I - man - am): ''Nai suto yon'' (我ᛁ 男 ꓩ𖬮ᐢ)<br />
<br />
They are doctors. (They - doctor - s - are) ''Hannu satsaan yohan.'' (他ⲅ𖭑𐐢 博⸠ᐢ ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ)<br />
<br />
There was a bird in the house. (House - in - bird - was) ''Futagas fuwo yoi.'' (舎ᒢ 鳥 ꓩ𖬮ᛁ)<br />
<br />
<br />
For the formal form of the verb, used when talking about yourself, or in general, to people who are not your acquaintances, or in situations requiring medium formality, the suffix “ra” (𖬬) has to be added before the person ending. <br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|Personal Pr.<br />
|'''Present'''<br />
|'''Present negative'''<br />
|'''Simple past'''<br />
|'''Simple past negative'''<br />
|-<br />
|Nai<br />
|yora'''n'''<br />
|yo'''naran'''<br />
|yo'''iran'''<br />
|yo'''nairan'''<br />
|-<br />
|Sai<br />
|yora'''s'''<br />
|yo'''naras'''<br />
|yo'''iras'''<br />
|yo'''nairas'''<br />
|-<br />
|Han<br />
|yora<br />
|yo'''nara'''<br />
|yo'''ira'''<br />
|yo'''naira'''<br />
|-<br />
|Naiin<br />
|yora'''nne'''<br />
|yo'''naranne'''<br />
|yo'''iranne'''<br />
|yo'''nairanne'''<br />
|-<br />
|Saiin<br />
|yora'''sse'''<br />
|yo'''narasse'''<br />
|yo'''irasse'''<br />
|yo'''nairasse'''<br />
|-<br />
|Hannu<br />
|yora'''han'''<br />
|yo'''narahan'''<br />
|yo'''irahan'''<br />
|yo'''nairahan'''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
''Example sentences''<br />
<br />
I am a teacher (formal): ''Nai hagiuppaya yoran''. (我ᛁ 教𖬮𐐢𖬇𖬳者 ꓩ𖬮𖬬ᐢ)<br />
<br />
Are you a researcher?: ''Kisai kenkyunsha yoraska?'' (貴你ᛁ 研究者 ꓩ𖬮𖬬ᒢ𖬭?)<br />
<br />
<br />
The aspect suffixes seen so far observe the following preferential order: (stem)-na-(aspect suffix)-ra-(personal ending)-ka<br />
<br />
== Other verbs ==<br />
Izaki verbs can be divided in three groups, according to their ending:<br />
<br />
# Ending by CV + su ('''Group 1''') (as ''ka<u>da</u>su, na<u>ko</u>su, shi<u>ro</u>su'' etc...)<br />
# Ending by VV + su ('''Group 2''') (as ''m<u>oa</u>su, <u>ei</u>su, jing<u>oa</u>su'' etc...)<br />
# Ending by consonant (n, s, l, r, k, h) + su ('''Group 3''') (as ''ode<u>n</u>su, kichoa<u>r</u>su, ma<u>h</u>su,'' etc...)<br />
<br />
=== Present tense ===<br />
<br />
==== Group 1 ====<br />
Verbs of this group always end with -asu, -esu, -isu, -osu, -usu. The vowel before “su” is always a short vowel. <br />
<br />
Note that verbs show a phenomenon similar to that of the nouns' sonorization. In this case, the last consonant before the suffix -su, if a sonorant consonant (g, b, d, z, zh, dz, j), becomes voiceless (k, p, t, s, sh, ts, ch). <br />
<br />
This phenomenon is called "purification" (清音化, ''seionkwa''). See how the following verbs' stem changes accordingly (this is called "weak stem" 弱体 (''zhakuche'')): <br />
<br />
* kadasu (to arrive) kada → ka'''t'''a- <br />
* nugisu (to clean) nugi → nu'''k'''i- <br />
* nebusu (to cook) nebu → ne'''p'''u- <br />
* dagasu (to cut) daga → da'''k'''a- <br />
* sebusu (to finish) sebu → se'''p'''u- <br />
* gindasu (to put) ginda → gin'''t'''a- <br />
* rigusu (to run) rigu → ri'''k'''u- <br />
* wazasu (to divide) waza → wa'''s'''a- <br />
<br />
However, these kind of verbs have two kind of stem: a weak one (which sees this phenomenon) and a strong one (where the sonorant consonant does not change). In general, the weak stem is used to make the simple present, the simple past and the hypotetic tenses, while the strong stem is used to make perfect, future, situative, and participle.<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|<br />
|''To get up''<br />
|''To fly''<br />
|''To speak''<br />
|''To run''<br />
|''To ask''<br />
|-<br />
|Personal Pr.<br />
|'''Tashidosu'''<br />
|'''Nulbisu'''<br />
|'''Rihtasu'''<br />
|'''Rigusu'''<br />
|'''Kieresu'''<br />
|-<br />
|''Nai''<br />
|tashiton<br />
|nulbin<br />
|rihtan<br />
|rikun<br />
|kieren<br />
|-<br />
|''Sai''<br />
|tashitos<br />
|nulbis<br />
|rihtas<br />
|rikus<br />
|kieres<br />
|-<br />
|''Han''<br />
|tashito<br />
|nulbi<br />
|rihta<br />
|riku<br />
|kiere<br />
|-<br />
|''Naiin''<br />
|tashitonne<br />
|nulbinne<br />
|rihtanne<br />
|rikunne<br />
|kierenne<br />
|-<br />
|''Saiin''<br />
|tashitosse<br />
|nulbisse<br />
|rihtasse<br />
|rikusse<br />
|kieresse<br />
|-<br />
|''Hannu''<br />
|tashitohan<br />
|nulbihan<br />
|rihtahan<br />
|rikuhan<br />
|kierehan<br />
|}<br />
You can notice the personal pronoun endings:<br />
<br />
# -n<br />
# -s<br />
# verb stem (just drop “su”, and apply the weak stem, if applicable)<br />
# -nne<br />
# -sse<br />
# -han<br />
<br />
<br />
''Example sentences''<br />
<br />
She speaks Izaki: ''Han izakii rihta''. (彼 華邦語⸠ 話𖬁)<br />
<br />
We run to our house. ''Naiin futakarnehe rigunne''. (我ᛁ⸠ᐢ 舎ᣗ𖭑ɭ𖬨ɭ 走𖬭𖬰𐐢ⲅ𖭑ɭ)<br />
<br />
Mr. Rihasamo asks (to her) her name. ''Rihasamo tana nakoriihe kierera,'' (高山 殿 名ᛁ⸠𖬨ɭ 尋𖬬ɭ𖬬)<br />
<br />
==== Group 2 ====<br />
Verbs of this group always end by -asu, -esu, -isu, -osu, -usu. Before the suffix “su” there is a long vowel or two vowels. The present tense is basically the same as the group 1.<br />
<br />
Note that these verbs only have strong stems (no consonant degradation happens)<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|<br />
|''To drink''<br />
|''To hit''<br />
|''To rotate''<br />
|''To open''<br />
|''To start''<br />
|-<br />
|Personal Pr.<br />
|'''Eisu'''<br />
|'''Seosu'''<br />
|'''Minbaesu'''<br />
|'''Muiyasu'''<br />
|'''Pwikausu'''<br />
|-<br />
|''Nai''<br />
|Ein<br />
|seon<br />
|minbaen<br />
|muiyan<br />
|pwikaun<br />
|-<br />
|''Sai''<br />
|Eis<br />
|seos<br />
|minbaes<br />
|muiyas<br />
|pwikaus<br />
|-<br />
|''Han''<br />
|Ei<br />
|seo<br />
|minbae<br />
|muiya<br />
|pwikau<br />
|-<br />
|''Naiin''<br />
|Einne<br />
|seonne<br />
|minbaenne<br />
|muiyanne<br />
|pwikaunne<br />
|-<br />
|''Saiin''<br />
|Eisse<br />
|seosse<br />
|minbaesse<br />
|muiyasse<br />
|pwikausse<br />
|-<br />
|''Hannu''<br />
|Eihan<br />
|seohan<br />
|minbaehan<br />
|muiyahan<br />
|pwikauhan<br />
|}<br />
You can notice the personal pronoun endings:<br />
<br />
# -n<br />
# -s<br />
# verb stem (no suffix)<br />
# -nne<br />
# -sse<br />
# -han<br />
<br />
<br />
''Example sentences''<br />
<br />
Who opens the window? ''Naga tekaa muiyaraka?'' (誰 窓⸠ 開𐭘𖬮𖬬𖬭)<br />
<br />
When do you start the game? ''Estin appii pwikauraska?'' (𖬮ɭᒢ𖬁ᛁᐢ 娯⸠ 始𖬮𐐢𖬬ᒢ𖬭)<br />
<br />
They rotate the handle. ''Hannu rimeroo minbaerahan.'' (他ⲅ𖭑𐐢 舵⸠ 回𖬮ɭ𖬬𖬨ᐢ)<br />
<br />
==== Group 3 ====<br />
The verbs in this group end by "-su", preceded by a consonant that usually is n, s, and sometimes h, k (rare), l, r. To conjugate this group verbs, it is necessary to check which vowel comes before the consonant, and apply the vowel transition pattern. See how the stems change in the examples<br />
<br />
# Last vowel before Csu a: becomes '''ye''' (eg: kichoarsu → kichoarye-)<br />
# Last vowel before Csu e: becomes '''i''' (remember that "si" sound becomes "shi") ()<br />
# Last vowel before Csu i: becomes '''o''' (eh: jīssu → jīsso-)<br />
# Last vowel before Csu o: becomes '''u''' (eg: lendonsu → lendonnu-)<br />
# Last vowel before Csu u: becomes '''a''' (eg: sonomulsu → sonomulla-)<br />
<br />
According to the ending of the verb, each sub-type has the following last stem consonant changes:<br />
<br />
# '''-assu/essu/ossu/ussu''' verbs: asse/esshi/ossu/ussa + personal pronoun endings<br />
# -'''issu''' verbs: isshi + personal pronoun endings <sup>1</sup><br />
# -'''V<u>ns</u>u''' verbs: V<u>nn</u>V + personal pronoun endings<br />
# -'''Vhsu''' verbs: V<u>pp</u>V + personal pronoun endings <br />
# -'''Vlsu''' verbs: V<u>ll</u>V + personal pronoun endings <br />
# -'''Vksu''' verbs: V<u>kk</u>V + personal pronoun endings <sup>2</sup><br />
# -'''Vrsu''' verbs: V<u>ry</u>V + personal pronoun endings <br />
<br />
<nowiki>*</nowiki> V: vowel<br />
<br />
1: -issu verbs, such as ''ogissu'' (to complain) change their stem into "ogissa-" (ogissan, ogissas, ogissa...)<br />
<br />
2: -ersu verbs, such as ''numersu'' (to tow) change their stem into "numerī-" (numerīn, numerīs, numerī...)<br />
<br />
The personal pronoun endings are the same as the other types<br />
<br />
# -n<br />
# -s<br />
# only conjugation stem (the most intuitive way is to cut “-n” from the first person)<br />
# h+verb stem last vowel+n<br />
# h+verb stem last vowel+s<br />
# h+verb stem last vowel<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|<br />
|''To push''<br />
|''To try''<br />
|''To twist''<br />
|''To listen''<br />
|''To scrub''<br />
|''To convince''<br />
|''To paint''<br />
|-<br />
|Pers. Pr.<br />
|'''Jissu'''<br />
|'''Tsurahsu'''<br />
|'''Yokansu'''<br />
|'''Odensu'''<br />
|'''Tederiksu'''<br />
|'''Sonomulsu'''<br />
|'''Kichoarsu'''<br />
|-<br />
|''Nai''<br />
|jisshon<br />
|tsurappen<br />
|yokannen<br />
|odennin<br />
|tederikkon<br />
|sonomullan<br />
|kichoaryen<br />
|-<br />
|''Sai''<br />
|jisshos<br />
|tsurappes<br />
|yokannes<br />
|odennis<br />
|tederikkos<br />
|sonomullas<br />
|kichoaryes<br />
|-<br />
|''Han''<br />
|jissho<br />
|tsurappe<br />
|yokanne<br />
|odenni<br />
|tederikko<br />
|sonomulla<br />
|kichoarye<br />
|-<br />
|''Naiin''<br />
|jisshonne<br />
|tsurappenne<br />
|yokannenne<br />
|odenninne<br />
|tederikkonne<br />
|sonomullanne<br />
|kichoaryenne<br />
|-<br />
|''Saiin''<br />
|jisshosse<br />
|tsurappesse<br />
|yokannesse<br />
|odennisse<br />
|tederikkoisse<br />
|sonomullasse<br />
|kichoaryesse<br />
|-<br />
|''Hannu''<br />
|Jisshohan<br />
|tsurappehan<br />
|yokannehan<br />
|odennihan<br />
|tederikkohan<br />
|sonomullahan<br />
|kichoaryehan<br />
|}<br />
''Example sentences''<br />
<br />
She listens to the new track. ''Han suyon kyukuu odenni.'' (她 新ᐢ 曲⸠ 聴ⲅ𖭑ᛁ.)<br />
<br />
We paint the back of the house. ''Naiin futagan odae kichoaryenne.'' (我⸠ᐢ 家ᐢ 後 塗ꓶ𖬬ⲅ𖭑ɭ.)<br />
<br />
I change my child's diaper. ''Nai mitogonne hucharii puhannen.'' (我 子ᐢ𖭑ɭ 𖬨𐐢𖬐𖬬ᛁ⸠ 変ⲅ𖭑ɭᐢ.)<br />
<br />
=== Negative stem ===<br />
By changing part of the verb suffix, you can create the negative form of the verb.<br />
<br />
Yosu (to be) verb: yonasu (add “na” (無, but usually written as 𖭑) between the stem and the ending). This suffix tends to be in the closest position to the verb stem (weak stem if applicable), before other aspect suffixes. However in certain context, to emphatise a particular nuance in the speech, the order can be changed. <br />
<br />
Examples: <br />
<br />
I sleep: Nai luman; I don't sleep: Nai lumanan - I can sleep: Nai lumadan; I can't sleep: Nai luma'''na'''dan or Nai lumada'''na'''n (the previous form is preferred)<br />
<br />
==== Group 1: ====<br />
Tashidosu > tashitonasu (tashitonan, tashitonas, tashitona…)<br />
<br />
Rihtasu > Rihtanasu (rihtanan, rihtanas, rihtana...)<br />
<br />
Rigusu > Rikunasu (rikunan, rikunas, rikuna…)<br />
<br />
==== Group 2 ====<br />
Eisu > Einasu (einan, einas, eina…)<br />
<br />
Seosu > Seonasu (seonan, seonas, seona…)<br />
<br />
Muiyasu > Muiyanasu (muiyanan, muiyanas, muiyana....)<br />
<br />
Rule: for both groups 1 and 2 verbs, to create the negative stem, just add “na” before the -su ending, and conjugate the new verb as a group 1 verb.<br />
<br />
==== Group 3 ====<br />
Jissu > Jisanasu (jisanan, jisanas, jisana…)<br />
<br />
Tehossu > Tehosanasu (tehosanan, tehosanas, tehosana)<br />
<br />
Tsurahsu> Tsurahnasu (tsurahnan, tsurahnas, tsurahna...)<br />
<br />
Muppuhsu> Muppuhnasu (muppuhnan, muppuhnas, muppuhna…)<br />
<br />
Yokansu > Yokannasu (yokannan, yokannas, yokanna...)<br />
<br />
Chozinsu > Chozinnasu (choziwanan, choziwanas, choziwana…)<br />
<br />
Tederiksu > Tederīnasu (tederīnan, tederīnas, tederīna…)<br />
<br />
Bakkomaksu > Bakkomānasu (bakkomānan, bakkomānas, bakkomāna…)<br />
<br />
Sonomulsu > Sonomūnasu (sonomūnan, sonomūnas, sonomūna…)<br />
<br />
Nyukilsu > Nyukīnasu (nyukīnan, nyukīnas, nyukīna…)<br />
<br />
Kichoarsu > Kichoānasu (kichoānan, kichoānas, kichoāna...)<br />
<br />
Otarsu > Otānasu (otānan, otānas, otāna…)<br />
<br />
<br />
See here the rule in detail:<br />
<br />
- ssu verbs: insert “ana” between the -s ending stem and the -su suffix. In this case, the negative infix is always “ana”, regardless of the last stem vowel<br />
<br />
- hsu verbs: just add “na” between h and -su suffix.<br />
<br />
- nsu verbs: just add “na” between n and -su suffix<br />
<br />
-ksu/lsu/rsu verbs: remove k/l/r, prolong the previous vowel and add “na” before the -su suffix<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
| colspan="2" |'''Verb group'''<br />
|'''Negative particle'''<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="2" |''Group 1''<br />
|na (𖭑)<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="2" |''Group 2''<br />
|na (𖭑)<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="4" |''Group 3''<br />
|<nowiki>-ssu verbs</nowiki><br />
|ana (𖬮𖭑)<br />
|-<br />
|<nowiki>- hsu verbs</nowiki><br />
|na (𖭑)<br />
|-<br />
|<nowiki>- nsu verbs</nowiki><br />
|na (𖭑)<br />
|-<br />
|<nowiki>- ksu/lsu/rsu verbs</nowiki><br />
|long vowel + na (⸠𖭑)<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Conjunctions ==<br />
Being Izaki an agglutinative language, most of the conjunctions tend to be enclitic particles or suffixes directly attached after nouns and verbs.<br />
<br />
=== Coordinating conjunctions ===<br />
Coordinating conjunctions connect words which are the same grammatical type, e.g. words, phrases, clauses. The most common ones are and, or, but.<br />
* ''Ta (𖬁)'' - and<br />
<br />
I like rice and fish. ''Nakai konu ta miwee shintaha.'' (𖭑𖬭꜉ 米 𖬁 魚 好𖬨.)<br />
<br />
* ''Konae (或𖭑'ɭ)'' - or<br />
<br />
Do you want tea or coffee? (tea or coffee, which one do you desire?) ''Cha konae kofi, sone pinnaraska?'' (茶 或𖭑'ɭ 珈琲, 𖬖ᐤ𖭑ɭ 望𖬬ᒢ𖬭?)<br />
<br />
* ''Estin (𖬮ɭᒢ𖬁ᛁᐢ)'' - when<br />
<br />
When is your birthday? ''Oryukatose estin (yo)ka? ()''<br />
<br />
* ''Baki'' (𖬇𖬰𖬭ᛁ) - but<br />
<br />
I can speak Izaki but I can not speak Angerish. ''Izakigō rihtamin baki angerigō rihtaminan''. (華那語𐐞 話可𐐊 但 𐐀𐐊ꓙ𐐠𐐁𐐂𐐓語𐐞 話可無𐐊.)<br />
<br />
* ''Tokkai'' (𖬁ᐤ𖬘𖬳'ᛁ) - although<br />
<br />
Although she had arrived late, there was nobody. ''Han naronke kati tokkai, nagahen yonai. (𖬨ᐢ 晩ᐢ𖬭ɭ 着𖬁ᛁ 𖬁ᐤ𖬘𖬳'ᛁ, 誰𖬨ɭᐢ ꓩ𖬮𖭑꜉.)''<br />
<br />
=== Subordinating conjunctions ===<br />
A subordinating conjunction is a word or phrase that links a dependent clause to an independent clause.<br />
* ''Waste (𐩬𖬮ᒢ𖬁ɭ)'' - because <br />
<br />
Because there are too many people here, let's go to another place. ''Tochi tamatoha tasugureha waste, uren tolor iketān.'' (此𖬐ᛁ 人𖬨 多過𖬬ɭ𖬨 故ᒢ𖬁ɭ, 別ᐢ 所ᣗ 行𖬭ɭ𖬁⸠ᐢ.)<br />
<br />
* ''Nade (𖭑𖬒𖬰ɭ)'' - whenever<br />
<br />
Whenever I am in Warohan I always get a fresh pineapple juice. ''Nai Warohannas yon nade, estinden karusugushirū moansen<sup>1</sup>''. (𖭑꜉ 深灣𖭑''ᒢ'' ꓩ𖬮ᐢ 𖭑𖬒𖬰ɭ, 𖬮ɭᒢ𖬁ᛁᐢ𖬒𖬰ɭᐢ 松檎汁⸠ 買ᐢ𖬖ɭᐢ.)<br />
<br />
<sup>1</sup> ''sen'': emphatic particle added after verbs with nuance of exclamation<br />
<br />
== Demonstratives ==<br />
In Izaki language there are three main relationships, marked by a theme (singular / plural): <br />
<br />
# Close to the speaker: “to” (𖬁ᐤ) / “toi” (𖬁ᐤᛁ)<br />
# Close to the listener: “so” (𖬖ᐤ) / “soi” (𖬖ᐤᛁ)<br />
# Far from both the speaker and the listener: “cho” (𖬐ᐤ) / “choi” (𖬐ᐤᛁ)<br />
<br />
<br />
The pronominal form (so, when a noun follows) , the demonstrative marker is followed by the suffix -na:<br />
{|<br />
|This is a cat.<br />
''Tona shinna yo.''<br />
<br />
𖬁ᐤ𖭑 猫 ꓩ𖬮.<br />
|Sona teshiki<br />
''That’s difficult.''<br />
<br />
𖬖ᐤ𖭑 難𖬭ᛁ.<br />
|That (one) is my friend. <br />
''Chona teikaoni yo.''<br />
<br />
𖬐ᐤ𖭑 友𖭑ᛁ ꓩ𖬮.<br />
|-<br />
|These are cats<br />
''Toina shinnān yohan.''<br />
<br />
𖬁ᐤᛁ𖭑 猫⸠ᐢ ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ.<br />
|Those are difficult<br />
''Soina teshikihan.''<br />
<br />
𖬖ᐤᛁ𖭑 難𖬭ᛁ𖬨ᐢ.<br />
|Those (ones) are my friends.<br />
''Choina teikaōnni yohan.''<br />
<br />
𖬐ᐤᛁ𖭑 友⸠ⲅ𖭑ᛁ ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
The adjectival form instead is attached at the ending of the word:<br />
{|<br />
|This cat is white.<br />
''Shinnato chara.''<br />
<br />
猫𖬁ᐤ 白.<br />
|That pencil is mine.<br />
''Enpisso naiyo yora.''<br />
<br />
鉛筆𖬖ᐤ 𖭑꜉ꓩ𖬮 ꓩ𖬮𖬬.<br />
|That friend lives in Riyatoma.<br />
''Teikaocho Riyatomas paera.''<br />
<br />
友𖬐ᐤ <bdi>追庥ᒢ</bdi> 住𖬬.<br />
|-<br />
|These cats are white.<br />
''Shinnaāntoi charahan.''<br />
<br />
猫⸠ᐢ𖬁ᐤᛁ 白𖬨ᐢ.<br />
|Those pencils are mine.<br />
''Enpisshisoi naiyo yorahan.''<br />
<br />
鉛筆𖬖ᐤᛁ 𖭑꜉ꓩ𖬮 ꓩ𖬮𖬬𖬨ᐢ.<br />
|Those friends live in Riyatoma.<br />
''Teikaōnchoi Riyatomas paerahan.''<br />
<br />
友⸠ᐢ𖬐ᐤᛁ <bdi>追庥ᒢ</bdi> 住𖬬𖬨ᐢ.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Numerals ==<br />
===Cardinal numbers===<br />
Izaki language has two different numeral system: the native one, and the Bai-derived one.<br />
;Legend<br />
* Sūzhi (數字) - number<br />
* Kundoku (訓讀) - "kun" reading (indigenous reading prior to the Bai contamination, still used in many contexts)<br />
* Ēndoku (音讀) - "ēn" (Bai) reading (introduced in the 3rd century with the Bai characters, and main way of counting)<br />
* Daipo - shortened form (used when making compounds and with element counters that require the kun reading)<br />
* Byakuzhi (百字) - Ideogram (some numbers have more than one form)<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Sūzhi<br />
!Kundoku<br />
!Ēndoku<br />
!Daipo<br />
!Byakuzhi<br />
|-<br />
|0<br />
|dzèro / janna<br />
|ryen<br />
|<nowiki>-</nowiki><br />
|零<br />
|-<br />
|1<br />
|hatta<br />
|is<br />
|han-<br />
|壱/一<br />
|-<br />
|2<br />
|kana<br />
|ni<br />
|kan-<br />
|弐/二<br />
|-<br />
|3<br />
|shobe<br />
|san<br />
|sho-<br />
|参/三<br />
|-<br />
|4<br />
|tās<br />
|tsi<br />
|tās-<br />
|四<br />
|-<br />
|5<br />
|oriba<br />
|yo<br />
|ori-<br />
|五<br />
|-<br />
|6<br />
|tsonaha<br />
|nuku<br />
|tson-<br />
|六<br />
|-<br />
|7<br />
|doigi<br />
|chis<br />
|doi-<br />
|七<br />
|-<br />
|8<br />
|yeison<br />
|pas<br />
|yei-<br />
|八<br />
|-<br />
|9<br />
|taguken<br />
|ku<br />
|tak-/-taken<br />
|九<br />
|-<br />
|10<br />
|kiba<br />
|shū<br />
|kin-<br />
|拾/十<br />
|-<br />
|11<br />
|kinnan<br />
|shūis<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|12<br />
|kinkan<br />
|shūni<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|13<br />
|kinsho<br />
|shūsan<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|14<br />
|kintās<br />
|shūtsi<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|15<br />
|kinnori<br />
|shūyo<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|16<br />
|kintson<br />
|shūnuku<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|17<br />
|kindoi<br />
|shūchis<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|18<br />
|kinnyei<br />
|shūpas<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|19<br />
|kintaken<br />
|shūku<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|20<br />
|kankiba<br />
|nishū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|30<br />
|shokiba<br />
|sanshū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|40<br />
|tāskiba<br />
|tsishū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|50<br />
|orikiba<br />
|yoshū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|60<br />
|tsonkiba<br />
|nukushū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|70<br />
|doikiba<br />
|chisshū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|80<br />
|yeikiba<br />
|passhū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|90<br />
|takkiba<br />
|kushū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|100<br />
|rae<br />
|pyaku<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|532<br />
|ollaeshokibakan<br />
|yopyakusanshūni<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|1000<br />
|kitua<br />
|sen<br />
|kitu<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|8726<br />
|yeikitudoiraekankibatson<br />
|passenchispyaku-nishūnuku<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|10000<br />
| -<br />
|man<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|524.998<br />
| -<br />
|yoshūniman-passenkupyaku-kushūpas<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Ordinal numbers===<br />
There are two ways of making ordinal numbers:<br />
# Prefix 第~ (zhei)<br />
# Suffix ~番 (ban, or pan if the previous number ends by consonant)<br />
<br />
'Examples':<br />
* 第三回 Zheisanhwi (the third time)<br />
* 17番 Shūchispan (17th)<br />
<br />
=== Object counters ===<br />
<br />
To count specific object or people, special classificators have to be used together with a numbering system. Some of them prefer native Izaki numbers (shortened form) while some others prefer the Bai numerals. There is no rule, so it comes easier to rember each of them. <br />
<br />
;Main counters working with native numerals<br />
<br />
*Animals: nau 獣/𖭑'𐐢<br />
*Inanimate objects: gi 𖬭𖬰ᛁ<br />
*Plants: tare 植/𖬁𖬬ɭ<br />
*People: ri 人<br />
*Machines: ki 機<br />
*Books: tsul 冊/𖬑𐐢ᐡ<br />
*Drinks and cups: chae 杯<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Number<br />
!Animals<br />
!In. Obj.<br />
!People<br />
!Machine<br />
!Books<br />
!Drinks<br />
|-<br />
|1<br />
|hannau<br />
|hangi<br />
|hanli<br />
|hanki<br />
|hantsul<br />
|hanchae<br />
|-<br />
|2<br />
|kannau<br />
|kangi<br />
|kanli<br />
|kanki<br />
|kantsul<br />
|kanchae<br />
|-<br />
|3<br />
|shonau<br />
|shogi<br />
|shori<br />
|shoki<br />
|shotsuk<br />
|shochae<br />
|-<br />
|4<br />
|tāsnau<br />
|tāski<br />
|tāsli<br />
|tāski<br />
|tāhsul<br />
|tāschae<br />
|-<br />
|5<br />
|orinau<br />
|origi<br />
|oriri<br />
|oriki<br />
|oritsul<br />
|orichae<br />
|-<br />
|6<br />
|tsonnau<br />
|tsonaki<br />
|tsonari<br />
|tsonaki<br />
|tsonatsul<br />
|tsonachae<br />
|-<br />
|7<br />
|doinau<br />
|doiki<br />
|doiri<br />
|doiki<br />
|doitsul<br />
|doichae<br />
|-<br />
|8<br />
|yeinau<br />
|yeiki<br />
|yeiri<br />
|yeiki<br />
|yeitsul<br />
|yeichae<br />
|-<br />
|9<br />
|tannau<br />
|takki<br />
|tanli<br />
|takki<br />
|tahtsul<br />
|tacchae<br />
|-<br />
|10<br />
|kinnau<br />
|kinki<br />
|kinli<br />
|kinki<br />
|kintsul<br />
|kinchae<br />
|-<br />
|11<br />
|shūinnau<br />
|shūiski<br />
|shūisli<br />
|shūiski<br />
|shūihsul<br />
|shūischae<br />
|}<br />
<br />
;Main counters working with Bai numerals<br />
<br />
* Times: hwi 回<br />
* Floors (in a building): sūn 層<br />
* Degrees: do 度<br />
* Number of days: nis 日<br />
* Flat objects: chān 張<br />
* Cylindrical objects, trains, movies: pon 本 <br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|Number<br />
|Times<br />
|Floors<br />
|Degrees<br />
|Days<br />
|Flat objects<br />
|Cylindric objects<br />
|-<br />
|1<br />
|isshwi<br />
|issūn<br />
|isto<br />
|isnis<br />
|ischān <br />
|ispon<br />
|-<br />
|2<br />
|nihwi<br />
|nisūn<br />
|nido<br />
|ninis<br />
|nichān <br />
|nipon<br />
|-<br />
|3<br />
|sanhwi<br />
|sansūn<br />
|sando<br />
|sannis<br />
|sanchān <br />
|sanbon<br />
|-<br />
|4<br />
|tsihwi<br />
|tsisūn<br />
|tsido<br />
|tsinis<br />
|tsichān <br />
|tsipon<br />
|-<br />
|5<br />
|yohwi<br />
|yosūn<br />
|yodo<br />
|yonis<br />
|yochān <br />
|yopon<br />
|-<br />
|6<br />
|nukkwi<br />
|nukusūn<br />
|nukudo<br />
|nukunis<br />
|nukuchān <br />
|nukupon<br />
|-<br />
|7<br />
|chisshwi<br />
|chissūn<br />
|chisto<br />
|chisnis<br />
|chischān <br />
|chispon<br />
|-<br />
|8<br />
|passhwi<br />
|passūn<br />
|pasto<br />
|pasnis<br />
|paschān <br />
|paspon<br />
|-<br />
|9<br />
|kuhwi<br />
|kusūn<br />
|kudo<br />
|kunis<br />
|kuchān <br />
|kupon<br />
|-<br />
|10<br />
|shūhwi<br />
|shūsūn<br />
|shūdo<br />
|shūnis<br />
|shūchān <br />
|shūpon<br />
|-<br />
|11<br />
|shūisshwi<br />
|shūissūn<br />
|shūisto<br />
|shūisnis<br />
|shūischān <br />
|shūispon<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Dates ===<br />
Typically the order for dates is YYYY-MM-DD. Dates are formulated with the number followed by 年(nyen), 月 (wes), 日 (nis). The numeral takes the Bai reading.<br />
<br />
* 1958年3月21日 : Senkupyakuyoshūpasnyen Sannwes Nishūisnis <br />
* 2023年6月10日: Nisennishūsannen Nukuwes Shūnis<br />
<br />
==== Days of the month====<br />
Days of the month also have an Izaki native form with the pure numerals (with some irregularities) tsofollowed by (日 / ka) until day 10 (after which, the Bay version takes over. When dates are complete (YYYY-MM-DD) the Bai reading is used, while the Izaki reading prevails when we need to mention just the day of the month in the middle of a conversation.<br />
<br />
* 1日 hanaka<br />
* 2日 kanaka<br />
* 3日 shobeka<br />
* 4日 tāska<br />
* 5日 oryeka<br />
* 6日 tsonahka<br />
* 7日 doikka / doigika<br />
* 8日 yeisonka<br />
* 9日 takugenka / tōkenka<br />
* 10日 kibaka<br />
<br />
==== Weekdays====<br />
* Monday: 月曜日 wesshonis<br />
* Tuesday: 火曜日 hayonis<br />
* Wednesday: 週中日 chujunis<br />
* Thursday: 木曜日 mukuyonis<br />
* Friday: 金曜日 kinnyonis<br />
* Saturday: 土曜日 toyonis<br />
* Sunday: 日曜日 nisshonis<br />
<br />
==== Months====<br />
In Izaki there are two versions to call the months: the Bai-imported one (the most used one), and the native Izaki one.<br />
<br />
;Bai Months<br />
* January: 一月 isswes<br />
* February: 二月 niwes<br />
* March: 三月 sannwes<br />
* April: 四月 tsiwes<br />
* May: 五月 yowes<br />
* June: 六月 nukuwes<br />
* July: 七月 chisswes<br />
* August: 八月 passwes<br />
* September: 九月 kuwes<br />
* October: 十月 shūwes<br />
* November: 十一月 shūisswes<br />
* December: 十二月 shūniwes<br />
<br />
==Adjectives==<br />
<br />
Adjectives in the Izaki language are essential for describing and modifying nouns. They can be categorized into two main groups: Verbal adjectives and substantive adjectives, each with its unique usage and conjugation rules.<br />
<br />
===Verbal Adjectives===<br />
Verbal adjectives in Izaki incorporate the copula within themselves, making them self-sufficient in sentences. These adjectives have their conjugation system and typically end with the suffix "na," which is always written in askaoza script. Here are some examples:<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+ Some adjectives and their opposites<br />
! Izaki!! Ingerish !! Izaki !! Ingerish <br />
|-<br />
| tepana || good || zushina || bad<br />
|-<br />
| rihana || tall || sosana || short<br />
|-<br />
| nuskana || wide || hyakona || narrow<br />
|-<br />
| kakuina || small || ōdana || large<br />
|-<br />
| pakkuna || red || || <br />
|-<br />
| satsona || blue || || <br />
|-<br />
| asatsana || difficult || issana || easy<br />
|-<br />
| nahana || beautiful || egutana || ugly<br />
|}<br />
<br />
When used in the predicative form, such as in sentences like "The house is big," these adjectives are placed at the end of the sentence, replacing the verb. The "na" suffix is removed, and additional suffixes, if required, can be added. For example:<br />
<br />
* ''The house is big (informal speech):'' Futaka ōda.<br />
* ''The house is big (formal speech):'' Futaka ōdara.<br />
<br />
Here, it's essential to conjugate the adjective according to the number and relationship of the subject:<br />
<br />
* ''I am tall:'' Nai rihan. (𖭑ᐟ𖭐 高ᐢ)<br />
* ''You are fast:'' Sai jakus. (𖬖ᐟ𖭐 速ᒢ)<br />
* ''Are we good?'' Naiha tepanneka? (𖭑ᐟ𖭐 良フ𖭑ɭ𖬭)<br />
* ''Those are cheap:'' Hannu waruhan. (𖬨フ𖭑𐐢 廉𖬨ᐢ)<br />
* ''The houses are big:'' Futakān ōdarahan. (舎։ᐢ 大𖬬𖬨ᐢ)<br />
<br />
However, ofter in informal spoken Izaki, it is possible to conjugate the adjective into the third singular person (which means, just dropping "na") even with plural nouns. <br />
<br />
Eg: The mountains are beautiful: ''Samōn naha'' (山։ᐢ 美)<br />
<br />
=== Substantival adjectives ===<br />
Substantival adjectives, on the other hand, require a verb to follow them when used in sentences. They don't incorporate the copula within themselves like verbal adjectives do.<br />
Usually, these adjectives are based on Bai compound words (so, to be read with "on" reading). Here are some examples:<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! Izaki !! Reading !! English<br />
|-<br />
| 簡単𖭑<br />
| kantanna<br />
| easy<br />
|-<br />
| 複雑𖭑<br />
| pukuzhasna<br />
| complicated<br />
|-<br />
| 便利𖭑<br />
| bīnlina<br />
| convenient<br />
|-<br />
| 不便𖭑 <br />
| fubīnna<br />
| inconvenient<br />
|-<br />
| 有名𖭑<br />
| yumeina || famous<br />
|-<br />
| 親切𖭑<br />
| shinsesna || kind<br />
|-<br />
| 不親切𖭑<br />
| fushinsesna || unkind<br />
|-<br />
| 人気𖭑<br />
| zhinkina || popular<br />
|-<br />
| 可能𖭑 <br />
| kanōnna<br />
| possible<br />
|-<br />
| 無理𖭑<br />
| murina<br />
| impossible<br />
|-<br />
| 大事𖭑<br />
| daishina<br />
| important<br />
|-<br />
| 些細𖭑 <br />
| sasaena<br />
| unimportant<br />
|-<br />
| 十分𖭑 <br />
| shūpunna<br />
| sufficient<br />
|-<br />
| 不足𖭑 <br />
| fusokuna<br />
| insufficient<br />
|}<br />
<br />
When in predicative tense, these adjectives need the verb "yosu" (to be) at their end.<br />
<br />
Eg. Your excuses are not sufficient. ''Ihisoīnse fusoku yorahan'' (事訳։ᐢ𖬖ɭ 不足 ꓩ𖬮𖬬𖬨ᐢ)<br />
<br />
==== Attributive Form ====<br />
When an adjective functions as a specifier for a noun, rather than as the predicate, it takes on an attributive form. In the present tense, this is done by adding a "-n" after the adjective stem. <br />
<br />
In the case of a plural noun, the suffix will be "-han." For example:<br />
<br />
* ''A fast train:'' Jakun dyensha.<br />
* ''A tall person:'' Rihan tamato.<br />
* ''A beautiful scenery:'' Nahan pūnkei.<br />
* ''A pretty expensive car:'' Sorei shumun zhidōnsha.<br />
* ''Good boys:'' Tepahan sertōn.<br />
<br />
Mastering adjectives in Izaki is crucial for effective communication and expression in this unique and beautiful language. <br />
<br />
Understanding the differences between verbal and substantival adjectives, as well as how adverbs can modify their meanings, is essential for fluency. <br />
<br />
Additionally, the attributive form allows for rich and descriptive expressions when specifying nouns.<br />
<br />
===Comparative and Superlative forms===<br />
Adjectives in comparative and superlative forms are used to compare and contrast the qualities or characteristics of nouns. <br />
<br />
The comparative form of an adjective is used to compare two or more nouns, indicating which one has a higher or lower degree of the quality described by the adjective.<br />
<br />
Examples:<br />
* She is taller than him. ''Hanno hanenti rihaebe'' (𖬨ᐢ女 𖬨𖭑ɭᐢ𖬣𖭐 高𖬒ɭ𖬡𖬰ɭ)<br />
* This book is more interesting than that one. ''Kinotso tsultsounti huunminakoube'' (冊𖬑ᐤ 冊𖬑ᐤ𖬒𐐢ᐢ𖬣𖭐 興味喚𐐢𖬡𖬰ɭ)<br />
<br />
The superlative form of an adjective is used to indicate the highest or lowest degree of the quality described by the adjective within a group or among all possibilities.<br />
<br />
Examples:<br />
* Mount Torahashi is the tallest mountain in Izaland. ''Torahashisan Izakin rihajin samo yora.'' (斗砢跖山 華邦ᐢ 高𖬥𖬰𖭐ᐢ 山 ꓩ𖬮𖬬.)<br />
* She is the most talented musician in the group. ''Hanno runomen yusainoonnajin onlakka yora'' (𖬨ᐢ女 団ᐢ 有才能𖭑𖬥𖬰𖭐ᐢ 音楽家 ꓩ𖬮𖬬)<br />
<br />
==Adverbs==<br />
<br />
In Izaki, adverbs play a significant role in modifying the meaning of adjectives and verbs. Here are some common adverbs in Izaki:<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+ Adverbial Modifiers in Izaki Language<br />
! Adverbial Modifier !! Izaki Term !! Example Sentences<br />
|-<br />
| Not particularly, not too much || nehkeu (𖭑ɭᐪ𖬭ɭ𐐢)<sup>1</sup> || This camera is not so good: ''Kamerata nehkeu tepana.''<br>His dog is not too heavy: ''Tentohe nehkeu dayana''.<br />
|-<br />
| Quite, pretty much || sorei (𖬖ᐤ𖬬ᥫ) || Sainđaul is quite expensive: ''Sainđaul sorei shumu''.<br>She is pretty tall: ''Hara shinchān sorei riha''.<br />
|-<br />
| A little, slightly || yaki (𝖩𖬮𖬭𖭐) || This PC is a bit slow: ''Dyennautso yaki naro''.<br />
|-<br />
| Really, absolutely || kelleri (𖬭ɭフ𖬈ɭ𖬬𖭐) || You are really beautiful: ''Sai kelleri nahas''.<br>We are really sorry: ''Nahu kelleri achaikanne''.<br />
|-<br />
| Extremely, notably || pisānnan (非常𖭑ᐢ) || This is an extremely difficult problem: ''Tsona pisānnan teshikin munðai yora''.<br />
|}<br />
* <sup>1</sup>: often used with negative form</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=User:Izaland_Terramorphing_Committee&diff=22069User:Izaland Terramorphing Committee2024-01-29T13:23:58Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: Added user infobox</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox user<br />
| ogf-username = Izaland Terramorphing Committee<br />
| email = no<br />
| lang1 = IT<br />
| lang1level = native<br />
| lang2 = JP<br />
| lang2level = C2<br />
| lang3 = EN<br />
| lang3level = C1<br />
| lang4 = KO<br />
| lang4level = B2<br />
| lang5 = ES<br />
| lang5level = B1<br />
| lang6 = FI<br />
| lang6level = A2<br />
| terr1 = Izaland<br />
| terr1flag = Izaland_flag.png<br />
| terr1relation = 66826<br />
| terr2 = Plevia<br />
| terr2flag = Flag_of_Plevia.svg<br />
| terr2relation = 182493<br />
| coordinator1 = Plevia<br />
| coordinator2 = UL30c<br />
}}<br />
<br />
Hello, and welcome to my page. <br />
<br />
I'm the owner of {{Izaland}}, a 70% Japan and 30% Northern European-like society-based advanced nation in Eastern Uletha. I have been mapping it since autumn 2018 (at least on OGF). <br />
You can find more information also in my [https://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=User:Izaland_Terramorphing_Committee/Sandbox Sandbox]</br><br />
<br />
Also, I am the coordinator for the [https://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php/Collab:Plevia Plevia project], ({{Plevia}}) the Italian collaborative project of OGF. <br />
If you are Italian (or know Italian language) and want to join in the Plevia project, I will be more than happy to guide you in.<br />
<br />
==About myself==<br />
Italian travel agent in his early 30s, based in Tokyo, Japan. Speaks: '''IT, EN, JA''' and, at some extent, '''KO, ES, FI'''. My love for travel, maps, and railways brought me here.</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=User:Izaland_Terramorphing_Committee/Sandbox/Infrastructure&diff=21602User:Izaland Terramorphing Committee/Sandbox/Infrastructure2024-01-05T13:53:49Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: /* Other private railways */</p>
<hr />
<div>This is the sandbox for Izaland' infrastructure. <br><br />
𖬑ᐤ𖬭ᛁᐢ 華邦ᒢ 基設ᒢ 情報 ꓩ𖬮𖬬ɭ. (''Tsokin Izakis estonores jōpō yo.'')<br />
<br />
Leaving here only information to be updated or reshaped.<br />
(large moving to canonic articles in May 2023)<br />
<br />
== Railways ==<br />
=== Izarail (former National Railways of Izaland, now privatized) ===<br />
<br />
===== IZX High Speed Rail =====<br />
<br />
; Keishin Line<br />
The Keishin high-speed line originally opened between Chikawari (Komokata Prefecture) and Panaireki on 1 September 1972, after about nine years of construction. Trains originated at Kasakuri station, but soon the capacity of the conventional railway line began to show its limits, and some trains were restricted to Riimibaiken. <br />
<br />
In 1975, the remaining part up to Warohan opened, allowing trains, travelling at 260 km/h, to join the Saindzaul metropolitan area with the second city of Izaki in about 2 hours and 45 minutes.<br />
<br />
In 1983, trains began to pass through the Millennium Tunnel, thus reaching the central station, albeit with several slowdowns due to the limited capacity of the corridor.<br />
<br />
In 2012, the last segment was finally opened, from Chikawari to Saindzaul Central, bypassing Riimibaiken and with an underground station under Kasakuri (Saindzaul Niji). In 2014, the station under Asunahama International Airport also opened. B and C trains run on this line.<br />
<br />
In the meantime, a bypass between Chikawari and Komishinan had been opened in 1990, to allow some fast trains to skip the densely populated Midōhinnan area, in order to allow higher speeds for trains that do not make intermediate stops ('A and C' trains).<br />
<br />
Finally, in 2004, the section between Sakamuso (western part of the city) via Illashiya, and Kichatsura was opened, cutting through long tunnels through the Kubori mountains. Trains "D and E" use this line.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+IZX Keishin Line (IZX京深線)<br />
! colspan="3" |Station<br />
! colspan="3" |Distance<br />
! colspan="7" |Services<br />
! rowspan="2" |Location<br />
|-<br />
!Code<br />
!alphabet<br />
!Izaki<br />
!''<small>from Sainðaul</small>''<br />
!''<small>from Sakamuso</small>''<br />
!'''''<small>between Stations</small>'''''<br />
!<small>A</small><br />
!<small>B</small><br />
! colspan="2" |<small>C</small><br />
!<small>D</small><br />
!<small>E</small><br />
!<small>F</small><br />
|-<br />
|K01<br />
|'''Sainðaul Central'''<br />
|作安崎中央<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: #002A91; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #1B71CB; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #729FCF; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #729FCF; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K02<br />
|'''Niji-Sainðaul'''<br />
|西作安崎<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: #002A91; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #1B71CB; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #729FCF; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #729FCF; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K03<br />
|'''Asunahama International Airport'''<br />
|天島國際空港<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: #002A91; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #1B71CB; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #729FCF; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #729FCF; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K31<br />
|Pyanuza<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: #002A91; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: #729FCF; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K32<br />
|Nagayamatsu<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: #002A91; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: #729FCF; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K33<br />
|Keishunneul<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: #002A91; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: #729FCF; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K101<br />
|'''Sakamuso'''<br />
|沛坤<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: #926ACA; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #BC68CC; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K102<br />
|Showanul<br />
|書瓦崎<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: #926ACA; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #BC68CC; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K103<br />
|Katayoshi Juwon<br />
|泉峰中央<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: #926ACA; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #BC68CC; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K104<br />
|Illashiya<br />
|狐棲<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: #926ACA; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #BC68CC; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K105<br />
|Chōpatsu<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: #926ACA; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #BC68CC; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K106<br />
|Kohtosōre<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: #926ACA; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #BC68CC; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K04<br />
|Hashimakori<br />
|示万飯<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: #1B71CB; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #729FCF; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K05<br />
|Wodoriha IR<br />
|渉高IR<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: #1B71CB; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #729FCF; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K06<br />
|Shin-Eriraul<br />
|新繰羅崎<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: #1B71CB; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #729FCF; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K07<br />
|Nappawa<br />
|那覇輪<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: #1B71CB; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #729FCF; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K08<br />
|Otsumi-Komishinan<br />
|南古邊南<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: #002A91; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #1B71CB; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #729FCF; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #729FCF; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K09<br />
|Kamahoraya<br />
|寺稲野<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: #002A91; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #1B71CB; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #729FCF; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #729FCF; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K10<br />
|'''Shin-Kichatsura Teba'''<br />
|新龜茶夕𠂤馬<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: #002A91; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #1B71CB; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #729FCF; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #729FCF; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #926ACA; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #BC68CC; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K11<br />
|Nugamochi<br />
|陥桃<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: #002A91; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #1B71CB; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: #729FCF; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #926ACA; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #BC68CC; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K12<br />
|'''Panaireki'''<br />
|若浦<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: #002A91; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #1B71CB; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: #729FCF; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #926ACA; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #BC68CC; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K13<br />
|Hyōmonan Resort<br />
|裱茂南遊園<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: #002A91; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #1B71CB; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: #926ACA; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #BC68CC; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K14<br />
|Shin-Imihatsorul<br />
|新立鰹埼<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: #002A91; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #1B71CB; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: #926ACA; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #BC68CC; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K15<br />
|Naeba<br />
|内波<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: #002A91; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #1B71CB; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: #926ACA; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #BC68CC; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K16<br />
|Eyenniyul Juwon<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: #002A91; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #1B71CB; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: #926ACA; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #BC68CC; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K17<br />
|'''Warohan'''<br />
|深彎<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: #002A91; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #1B71CB; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: #926ACA; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #BC68CC; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #7B3D01; color: white; " |●<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="14" |''Trains continue onto the IZX Nankai Line through to Daishin''<br />
|-<br />
|N1<br />
|Satsokoibo<br />
|青袋<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: #002A91; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #1B71CB; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: #926ACA; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #BC68CC; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #7B3D01; color: white; " |●<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|N2<br />
|Shin-Nuskajui<br />
|新廣壁<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: #002A91; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #1B71CB; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: #926ACA; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #BC68CC; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #7B3D01; color: white; " |●<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|N3<br />
|'''Daishin'''<br />
|大進<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: #002A91; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #1B71CB; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: #926ACA; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #BC68CC; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #7B3D01; color: white; " |●<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+IZX Ryānkai Line (IZX兩海線)<br />
! colspan="3" |Station<br />
! colspan="2" |Distance<br />
! colspan="5" |Services<br />
!Location<br />
|-<br />
!Code<br />
!alphabet<br />
!Izaki<br />
!''<small>from Sainðaul</small>''<br />
!'''''<small>between Stations</small>'''''<br />
!?<br />
!?<br />
!?<br />
!?<br />
!?<br />
!<br />
|-<br />
|R01<br />
|'''Sainðaul Central'''<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R02<br />
|Asaji Torimoshi<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R03<br />
|Shin-Enikezya<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R04<br />
|Nari-Odanuri<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R05<br />
|Todakuri-Tojirushi<br />
《Kosui Chiku》<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R06<br />
|Isadashi<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R07<br />
|Beikejo<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R08<br />
|Rinnajin<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R09<br />
|Gaintei<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R10<br />
|Humabe Kukujai Resort<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R11<br />
|Fukuoka<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R12<br />
|Kahenji-Nukkistama<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R13<br />
|Ōdakaida-Ranku<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R14<br />
|Riyatoma<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R15<br />
|Kōsa-Hannan<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R16<br />
|Shin-Makkenoke<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R17<br />
|Soritsun Kōwen<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R18<br />
|Hentsari-Donan<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R19<br />
|Chunnitai<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R20<br />
|Shin-Pekonai<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R21<br />
|Sannupuri<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Other private railways ===<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+ List of the main private railways of Izaland<br />
|-<br />
! Operator !! City/area !! Lines !! Lenght<br />
!Total extension<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="7" | Saibu Railways<br />
西部電鐵 <br />
| rowspan="7" | West Saindzaul || Saibu Sasatotsu Line || 51.91 km<br />
| rowspan="7" |228.74 km<br />
|-<br />
|Saibu Panatsawa Line<br />
|12.17 km<br />
|-<br />
|Saibu Katayoshi Line<br />
|53.97 km<br />
|-<br />
|Saibu Pyasen Line<br />
|20.06 km<br />
|-<br />
|Saibu Ekawase Line<br />
|17.23 km<br />
|-<br />
|Saibu Komokata Line<br />
|36.27 km<br />
|-<br />
|Saibu Niji Line<br />
|37.13 km<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2" | Rinkyun Railway || rowspan="2" | West Saindzaul, Komokata || Rinkyun Main Line || TBD<br />
| rowspan="2" |<br />
|-<br />
|Rinkyun Kirijima Line<br />
|TBD<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="6" | Ibaruno Electric Railway || rowspan="6" | Northern Saindzaul, Daihanji || Ibaches Main Line || 116.09 km<br />
| rowspan="6" |241.65 km<br />
|-<br />
|Ibaches Innan Line<br />
|37.12 km<br />
|-<br />
|Ibaches Daisan Line<br />
|47.57 km<br />
|-<br />
|Ibaches Enikezya Branch Line<br />
|6.15 km<br />
|-<br />
|Ibaches Daihanji Branch Line<br />
|3.04 km<br />
|-<br />
|Ibaches Jakkushonan Line<br />
|30.87 km<br />
|}<br />
=== City codes ===<br />
For the railway ticketing services and related purposes, 3 letter codes are assigned to the main stations in Izaland. <br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"<br />
|+ Railway Codes<br />
|-<br />
! Station!! Code<br />
!City<br />
|-<br />
| Saindzaul Central || SCL<br />
|Saindzaul<br />
|-<br />
| Warohan Central || WRC<br />
|Warohan<br />
|-<br />
| Panaireki || PRK<br />
|Panaireki<br />
|-<br />
|Kasakuri<br />
|KKR<br />
|Saindzaul<br />
|-<br />
|Riimibaiken<br />
|RBK<br />
|Riimibaiken<br />
|-<br />
|Riyatoma<br />
|RYM<br />
|Riyatoma<br />
|-<br />
|Makkenoke<br />
|MKK<br />
|Makkenoke<br />
|-<br />
|Sannupuri<br />
|SNP<br />
|Sannupuri<br />
|-<br />
|Sonzhin<br />
|SZH<br />
|Sonzhin<br />
|-<br />
|Sahnajima<br />
|SHJ<br />
|Sahnajima<br />
|-<br />
|Shirukami<br />
|SRK<br />
|Shirukami<br />
|-<br />
|Daishin<br />
|DAI<br />
|Daishin<br />
|-<br />
|Kanlisahna<br />
|KLS<br />
|Kanlisahna<br />
|-<br />
|Isadashi<br />
|ISD<br />
|Isadashi<br />
|-<br />
|Shiitehongi<br />
|STH<br />
|Saindzaul<br />
|-<br />
|Herubori<br />
|HBR<br />
|Saindzaul<br />
|-<br />
|Oitsura<br />
|OIR<br />
|Oitsura<br />
|-<br />
|Tohpatogu<br />
|THP<br />
|Tohpatogu<br />
|-<br />
|Tyensen<br />
|TYS<br />
|Tyensen<br />
|-<br />
|Hashimakori<br />
|HSK<br />
|Hashimakori<br />
|-<br />
|Illashiya<br />
|ILS<br />
|Illashiya<br />
|-<br />
|Kawayatsu<br />
|KWY<br />
|Kawayatsu<br />
|-<br />
|Asunahama Airport<br />
|SUL<br />
|Bibaisone<br />
|-<br />
|Odanuri<br />
|ODN<br />
|Odanuri<br />
|-<br />
|Igattarun<br />
|IGR<br />
|Igattarun<br />
|-<br />
|Wesedaku<br />
|WSD<br />
|Wesedaku<br />
|-<br />
|Jinneisoke<br />
|JNS<br />
|Jinneisoke<br />
|-<br />
|Matsukasai<br />
|MKS<br />
|Matsukasai<br />
|-<br />
|Reilusahna<br />
|RLS<br />
|Reilusahna<br />
|-<br />
|Nagareki<br />
|NGR<br />
|Nagareki<br />
|-<br />
|Poridake<br />
|PRD<br />
|Poridake<br />
|-<br />
|Yamagata<br />
|YMG<br />
|Yamagata<br />
|-<br />
|Pantsōn<br />
|PNS<br />
|Pantsōn<br />
|-<br />
|Iberoyaki<br />
|IBR<br />
|Iberoyaki<br />
|-<br />
|Naeba<br />
|NEB<br />
|Naeba<br />
|-<br />
|Katasogi<br />
|KTS<br />
|Katasogi<br />
|-<br />
|Makkatade<br />
|MKD<br />
|Makkatade<br />
|-<br />
|Satsokoibo<br />
|SKB<br />
|Satsokoibo<br />
|-<br />
|Nuskajui<br />
|NKJ<br />
|Nuskajui<br />
|-<br />
|Kokennake Juwon<br />
|KKN<br />
|Warohan<br />
|-<br />
|Eyenniyul<br />
|EYL<br />
|Eyenniyul<br />
|-<br />
|Chanabori<br />
|CHB<br />
|Chanabori<br />
|-<br />
|Taemoigon<br />
|TMG<br />
|Taemoigon<br />
|-<br />
|Asaji-Torimoshi<br />
|ATM<br />
|Saindzaul<br />
|-<br />
|Pewanari<br />
|PWN<br />
|Pewanari<br />
|-<br />
|Shiki-Sabullan<br />
|SLS<br />
|Sabullan<br />
|-<br />
|Sabullan<br />
|SBL<br />
|Sabullan<br />
|-<br />
|Niji-Shiratsuki<br />
|SRW<br />
|Shiratsuki<br />
|-<br />
|Hidano-Juwon<br />
|HDC<br />
|Hidano<br />
|-<br />
|Hajayatsu<br />
|HJY<br />
|Hajayatsu<br />
|-<br />
|Funoshoni<br />
|FSN<br />
|Funoshoni<br />
|-<br />
|Eriraul<br />
|ERL<br />
|Eriraul<br />
|-<br />
|Komishinan<br />
|KMN<br />
|Komishinan<br />
|-<br />
|Nappawa<br />
|NPW<br />
|Nappawa<br />
|-<br />
|Nugamochi<br />
|NGM<br />
|Nugamochi<br />
|-<br />
|Shin-Kichatsura Teba<br />
|SKC<br />
|Kichatsura<br />
|-<br />
|Samowake<br />
|SMK<br />
|Samowake<br />
|-<br />
|Nutsuno<br />
|NNO<br />
|Nutsuno<br />
|-<br />
|Deikomari<br />
|DKM<br />
|Deikomari<br />
|-<br />
|Jukandera<br />
|JKD<br />
|Jukandera<br />
|-<br />
|Sasatotsu<br />
|SST<br />
|Sasatotsu<br />
|-<br />
|Onnojaris<br />
|OJR<br />
|Onnojaris<br />
|-<br />
|Katayoshi Juwon<br />
|KYJ<br />
|Katayoshi<br />
|-<br />
|Honutsaki<br />
|HNT<br />
|Honutsaki<br />
|-<br />
|Arasano<br />
|ASN<br />
|Arasano<br />
|-<br />
|Rinōn<br />
|RNN<br />
|Rinōn<br />
|} <br />
<br />
===Subways===<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"<br />
|+Cities with Subway networks in Izaland<br />
!City<br />
!Number of lines<br />
!System Lenght<br />
!Stations number<br />
!Daily users<br />
!Data<br />
|-<br />
|Saindzaul<br />
|19<br />
|673.93 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Warohan<br />
|8<br />
|217.90 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Panaireki<br />
|8<br />
|193.81 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Kichatsura<br />
|4<br />
|93.47 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Sannupuri<br />
|4<br />
|107.59 km<br />
|<br />
|1.256.000<br />
|2020<br />
|-<br />
|Riyatoma<br />
|4<br />
|114.26 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Makkenoke<br />
|3<br />
|95.66 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Daishin<br />
|3<br />
|73.54 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Illashiya<br />
|2<br />
|46.90 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Riimibaiken<br />
|1<br />
|11.47 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Kanlisahna<br />
|2<br />
|71.35 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Sahnajima<br />
|2<br />
|29.95 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Shirukami<br />
|1<br />
|17.17 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Isadashi<br />
|2<br />
|48.17 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Nagareki<br />
|2<br />
|57.59 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Nugamochi<br />
|3<br />
|59.56 km <br />
|<br />
|300.000<br />
|2021<br />
|-<br />
|Pewanari<br />
|1<br />
|21.69 km<br />
|15<br />
|126.000<br />
|2021<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Road system ==<br />
<br />
== Aviation ==<br />
<br />
=== Airlines ===<br />
Izaland has two major airlines: '''Izaland Airlines''' ('''IZ'''), the flag carrier, and '''Uletha Eastern Airways''' ('''UE''').<br />
<br />
==== Izaland Airlines ====</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=Forum:Territory_application/UL08g_-_Firanie&diff=21528Forum:Territory application/UL08g - Firanie2023-12-30T01:52:13Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: </p>
<hr />
<div><br />
<div class="forumheader" style="margin: 1; background-color: #eeeeee; text-align: left; padding: 5px;">'''[[Forum:Index|Forums]] &rarr; [[Forum:Territory application|Territory application]] &rarr; {{PAGENAME}}'''</div><br />
[[Category:Territory application posts]]<br />
<br />
<!-- Replace all WRITE HERE items with your application specifics, be sure to preview the page. Preview also displays extra explanation for each section --><br />
<!-- Expert user? change one bit of text and then use the pencil icon to switch to Source Editing --><br />
<br />
:''Please fill in the information below to make a territory request.''<br />
<br />
{{Territory application id and name}}<br />
<br />
UL08g - Firanie (https://opengeofiction.net/relation/278989)<br />
<br />
{{territory application physical geography}}<br />
<br />
In the north there are small mountains (up to 1500 metres - 4900 feet). The rest of the country consists of plains. Two major rivers cross the country in a south-north arc.<br />
<br />
{{territory application human geography}}<br />
<br />
The population of the country is approximately 10 million. The main cities are in the south and in the east, with Frandis, the capital (2 million inhabitants), Tildeaux (800 000), Brista (400 000). In the west, there is Mirmal (200 000).<br />
<br />
There are many industries, some of them high-tech. Most are located in the south or east of the country.<br />
<br />
[https://imgur.com/gallery/Kjpu3yo sketch]<br />
<br />
{{territory application history and culture}}<br />
<br />
The language spoken is French.<br />
<br />
{{territory application past mapping}}<br />
<br />
<br />
* https://opengeofiction.net/#map=14/-44.9279/153.7886&layers=B<br />
* https://opengeofiction.net/way/29790854#map=12/-44.9085/153.6795&layers=B<br />
* https://opengeofiction.net/way/29797458#map=12/-44.8394/153.7324&layers=B<br />
* https://opengeofiction.net/#map=16/-44.9948/153.5700&layers=B<br />
* https://opengeofiction.net/#map=15/-44.9805/153.6056&layers=B<br />
* https://opengeofiction.net/#map=15/-45.0797/153.1543&layers=B<br />
* https://opengeofiction.net/#map=14/-45.1101/152.0462&layers=B<br />
* [https://opengeofiction.net/#map=10/11.0497/-108.6493&layers=B BG23]<br />
<br />
If my request is accepted, would it be possible to move what I did on BG23 to UL08g?<br />
{{territory application username and date}}<br />
[[User:Bulest|Bulest]] ([[User talk:Bulest|talk]]) 22:12, 29 December 2023 (UTC)<br />
{{territory application discussion}}<br />
<br />
* Hello, Bulest. Thank you for the application. Given that we're in the middle of holidays, please be patient with us as we get back to you. Do not be alarmed if it takes a week or two to get back to you, as Bixelkoven and I are both quite busy between now and the end of the first week of January. We will do our best to talk through it and give you feedback as soon as we can. I just wanted to give you a heads up. Thank you for your understanding. &mdash; [[User:Alessa|Alessa]] <sub>([[User talk:Alessa|talk]])</sub> 22:28, 29 December 2023 (UTC)<br />
<br />
* Nice to see that the empty territory between Plevia and Selonie-Flamain is getting a new candidate owner. The western provinces of Plevia have been mapped in a way that justifies a French neighbour, with place names and vibes close to the Cote d'Azur and Liguria. Also, mind that Temisa, with more than 3 Million inhabitants is the second city of Plevia, so if your capital is also going to have 2 million inhabitants, along the coast there will be a cross-border megalopolis (around 7 million people, I guess). --[[User:Izaland Terramorphing Committee|Izaland Terramorphing Committee]] ([[User talk:Izaland Terramorphing Committee|talk]]) 01:52, 30 December 2023 (UTC)<br />
<br />
<!-- replace this with {{territory application approved|summary of decision and signature|optionally useful information for the user}} or {{territory application closed|summary of decision and signature|optionally useful information for the user}} on closing --><br />
{{territory application in progress}}</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=Sain%C3%B0aul&diff=20790Sainðaul2023-12-02T12:48:00Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: Line 10 thru service on Shikisabu Railway. 10号線𖭑ɭᐢ, 北𖬖𖬡𖬰𐐢電鐵𖬖ɭ։ 追加.</p>
<hr />
<div>{{ Infobox settlement<br />
|coords_zoom = <br />
|coords_y = <br />
|coords_x = <br />
|layer = <br />
|name = Sainðaul<br />
|native_name = <span style="font-size:120%; line-height: 1.31em;">安作崎・首都特別自治区</span><br/> [[File:Saindzaul_in_kasechi.png|70px]]<br />
|settlement_type = [[Capital Special Administration District]]<br />
|image_flag = Sainzaul flag.png<br />
|flag_caption = Flag of Sainðaul<br />
|image_coat = <br />
|coat_caption = <br />
|loc_type1 = Country<br />
|loc_name1 = [[Izaland]]<br />
|loc_type2 = <br />
|loc_name2 = <br />
| image_custom = <br />
| alt_custom = <br />
| custom_caption = <br />
|image_map = Saindzaul_montage.jpg<br />
|alt_map = <br />
|map_caption = '''From top, left to right''': Tsumiji Station area, Shiitehongi Sumatai Shrine, the dense skyscraper cluster of Eigandan-Senpyan, the Presidential Palace in Kokendake, a view of Kanbata Business Center, the pedestrian street of Tofyushanku Lan, a skater jumping in front of the city skyline, Saint Jeronym Cathedral, night view of Jaihonmu Lan<br />
|ethnic_groups =<br />
|ethnic_groups_year =<br />
|nationalities = Izaki<br />
|demonym = Saindzaulian <br />
|leader_title1 = City Governor<br />
|leader_name1 = Jumyo Attenki<br/>(寿苗掬石)<br />
|leader_title2 = Vice Governor<br />
|leader_name2 = Nahami Tossari<br />
|area_type1 = Total<br />
|area_size1_km2 = 591,12<br />
|area_type2 = <br />
|area_size2_km2 =<br />
|elevation_m = 0 - 567 <br />
|elevation_ft =<br />
|population_estimate = 14,829,146<br />
|population_estimate_year = 2021<br />
|population_census = <br />
|population_census_year = <br />
|population_density_km2 = <br />
|population_density_sq_mi = <br />
|postal_code = 100-0001 - 100-0599<br />
|telephone_code = 02<br />
|metro = tbd<br />
|tram = <br />
|website = toshi.saindzaul.gov.iz<br />
|}}<br />
<br />
'''Sainðaul''' (𖬖ᣟᛁᐡ𖬪𖬰ᣟ𐐢ᘁ, 安作崎・首都特別自治区 ''Sainðaul shuto tukubyes jitsiku''; traditional name in Ingerish '''Sinezawool''', Gaerman '''Zeinzwaül''', IPA reading: /'sainʣa‿ul/) is the largest city and the national capital of [[Izaland]], located one third from north of the country across the Tandan Strait. Sainðaul is one of the most crucial international hubs for economym, culture, finance, production and tourism with nearly 15 millions inhabitants in the metropolitan city (the National Capital District, which corresponds to the city area plus some suburbs), increasing to 22,6 millions including the [[Greater Sainðaul Metropolitan Area]].<br />
<br />
== Etymology - 地名由来==<br />
The name Sainðaul has uncertain origins, and the first records showing something similar to the current name date back to 1243, as in the '''Kojunjasshishū''' (古旬雑詩集) poem the name "Saen Tsoi Ōl" is mentioned. The [[hanji]] currently used for the city name, 安作崎, literally mean "peace - making - promontory", and were first introduced in the Agahaki Reforms of 1659, probably to represent the sound rather for the real meaning.<br />
<br />
== Geography - 地質==<br />
Sainðaul is located accross the two shores of the Tandan Strait, occupying either the continental part of Izaland, either part of Kubori island. <br />
<br />
The original, oldest and historical core of the city is located on [[mount Kokendake]], a less than 200 m hill located 6 km from the central station, that represents the new center of the city. As the settlements expanded towards the sea, along the [[Ariston river]] delta and the nearby islands, since the beginning of the 20th century a wider expansion on the [[Kubori island]] side has seen a major development. Until 1946, the urbanization on Kubori island was actually a different entity, as it was made up of many villages and towns, being '''Bajikoe''' (桐塚, ''Bajikoe'') the main center, with a population of less than 800,000 people in 1945. Even today, going to the western side of the city is referred as "traveling to Bajikoe", although being the western part larger than the original center, the definition is quite wide, so usually one specifies in which area is heading to. [[Bajikoe river|Bajikoe]] is also the name of one of the three rivers crossing the city and eventually reaching the [[Sound of Pa]] in the western area, the other two being [[Jaiken river]] and [[Kunkobe river]].<br />
<br />
The city is almost located on a flat location, however many of the islands in the bay are mountainous, such as Mount Romokagego (567) and Mount Kingaus (456 m), creating a beautiful views when crossing the strait. In the districts of Takarimoto and Tomanae, south west, there are also low mountains and hilly areas, while Garotsu ward also has a vast wetland area, and many little lakes.<br />
<br />
On the eastern part of the National Capital Special District, there are a bunch of towns under the special administration of the capital: Shakihori, Shimoroboe, Dankau, Kaimura and Yōneo. <br />
<br />
=== Climate ===<br />
<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<br />
The first settlements in the current area of Sainðaul date back to 7500 BC, as the necropolis of Chikurai and Oebatsun suggest. <br />
At that time the Ariston river delta was more inland than it is nowadays, and the civilization dwelling in this area was probably devoted to fishing.<br />
<br />
Talking about the first record of a community in the area, the most ancient settlement was probably the nowadays Pakkishoi, then called Arawis.<br />
<br />
==Neighborhoods and cityscape==<br />
[[File:Plaza Carso - CDMX - 2013 - 2.jpg|thumb|right|300px|External view of the DANKORE Museum of Art]]<br />
As already stated, Sainðaul is deeply divided geographically into the eastern, traditional area, and the western relatively recently developed portion, and this division is actually easy to feel while traveling within the city. <br />
<br />
The people living in the eastern part, still considered the city center, as it keeps the old town in Kokendake, the central station, most of the government buildings and some of the most ancient universities, watch from a position of superiority the newer western side (Bajikoe), located on Kubori island.<br />
Although nowadays the income and wealth differences between the two parts are nearly not visible, almost until half of the previous century Bajikoe area was widespreadly known to be relatively poor and undeveloped comparing to the affluent old city. <br />
<br />
Since the early 1990s, the west side has been the focus of a large number of public and private investments, with the construction of railways, subways and large real estate projects, particularly following the opening of the new Asunahama International Airport in 2014. This has attracted a large number of foreign companies, which have located their representative offices near the Eisen area (Eigandan-Senpyan), which is now a pole of competition with the traditional business district of Herubori, to the east.<br />
<br />
=== East side (東部) ===<br />
<div style="float: right; padding: 2px"><br />
{{#multimaps:<br />
| zoom = 12<br />
| height = 500px<br />
| width = 500px<br />
| center = 36.0216, 128.9876<br />
| Marker = 36.0164, 129.0320 ~ Kokendake ~ 古剣舘 <br />
| Marker = 36.02371, 129.04748 ~ Eikuku-ji Temple ~ 永國寺 ~ <br />
| Marker = 36.02644, 129.02727 ~ St. Anthony Cathedral ~ 聖𖬮ᐢ𖬁ᐤ𖭑ᛁᒢ大聖堂<br />
| Marker = 36.0289, 128.9975 ~ Kushidaru Amiya Station ~ <br />
| Marker = 36.0108, 128.9881 ~ Herubori Station ~ 杏登駅<br />
| Marker = 36.0204, 128.9663 ~ Sainðaul Central ~ 安作崎𖬖ɭᐢ𖬁𐐢𖬬ᐡ<br />
| Marker = 36.0374, 128.9754 ~ Ekinðuka / Rosemane ~ <br />
| Marker = 36.0567, 129.0087 ~ Jufurai ~ 朱布來 ~ <br />
}}<br />
</div><br />
The official name of the east side, in Izaki, is '''Dōnbu'' (東部), and this area indicates all the extension of Sainðaul on the Ulethian (continental) side. <br />
The core of the city is located on the delta of the Shirusano River, and on 27 islands located in front of it. Originally the Shirusano River flowed into the Tandan Strait with three branches, but some modifications made during the 19th century have diverted the course of the river and dried up some of the lateral branches, modifying the structure of the delta.<br />
<br />
The most notable areas of the east side are:<br />
<br />
*'''Kokendake''', placed on the central-eastern area of the city, is the original core, with the historical center located on Mount Kokendake, registered as a [[Ulethan Heritage Site]]. This old town like area, places at a height of 100 to 150 m on the sea level, overlooks the rest of the newest urban development, and is often considered as the "Terrace of Sainðaul". On the back of Kokendake there are two wide Buddhist temple areas, also part of the historical and cultural heritage, while the front area downhill hosts the huge '''Kokendake Palace''' esplanade and the park itself, extending more than 1,3 square kilometers.<br />
<br />
* North-east of the Kokendake hill we find the '''Eikuku-ji temple''', founded in 1467, and its surrounding, one of the oldest areas of the historic center.<br />
<br />
* Near '''Kushidaru-Amiya station''' the most upscale and elegant area of Sainðaul takes place, with boutiques, refined restaurants and well established hotels in traditional historical buildings. The style of the buildings in this area, mostly built between the 18th and 19th centuries, are influenced by the cultural and architectural styles of the nations of the western Axian peninsula, with some Victorian, Neoclassical and Neo-Gothic buildings. During this age, many architects from Kojo and Saikyel built several noteworthy buildings, including the National Opera, St. Anthony's Cathedral, and the Parliament building, designed by ....<br />
<br />
*'''Herubori''' is a major business area, where most of the company headquarters are located, spreading as well towards '''Aketsue''' station, where media companies and design studios are concentrated. in the west area of Aketsue we also find '''Tomobeye Lan''', one of the hearts of the famosu Izaki teen culture, where apparel shops, cafes, restaurants and game centers are especially spread.<br />
<br />
* The '''Sainðaul Central Station''' east area, the result of an urban refurbishment project carried on during the 80s, with the 750 m long Noujinkade Boulevard, notable buildings such as the '''Sainðaul City Hall''', designed by the famous Izaki architect Pakali Yassukōri or the central library (architect: Kinshōn Erauki). Other points of interest include the Botanic Gardens, the '''Higoi Tamutta Museum of Art''', visited every year by 20 millions of visitors, especially for objects like "the shadow" or "suspended", the Kaipō-ji Temple and Saint Luke cathedral. The west square of the station covers the [[IZX]] high speed trains and the Airport Express platform, and continues with the Oboehari Business Park.<br />
<br />
* The area between '''Ekinðuka''' and '''Rosemane''' is the main museum area of the city, where there is also an open air fossil park with some dinosaurs and other prehistorical animal rests exhibited open air. Also, in this area there are most of the embassies. <br />
<br />
* '''Shakihori''', with a population of over half a million, is an important satellite city, located north of the capital. Initially developed as bed-town, in recent years it has seen a very high growth in population, thanks to lower costs and the presence of some new university campuses that have attracted students from all countries. Here there are also Mount Katanase and Mount Yunchukahe, favorite destinations for the inhabitants of Sainðaul to be able to spend a day in nature just a few minutes from the center.<br />
<br />
* '''Jufurai''' is located north of the central area of the city, and is one of the most affluent residential areas. Here is the park of the same name, the largest in Sainðaul, and some of the most expensive homes, including villas with swimming pools and luxury residential towers.<br />
<br />
<gallery caption="Views of the East side" widths="220px" heights="150px" ><br />
Guangzhou_Opera_House.png|Herubori business district seen from the Eigan-ji Temple<br />
Changdeokgung Palace Oct 2014 006.JPG|The entrance to the Yotaidyen Royal Palace<br />
Ministry_of_Justice_Japan03s3200.jpg|The Parliament House building<br />
Hannoveraner_Opernhaus.jpg|The Opera House<br />
Mongchonhaeja_1.jpg|The Ekinðuka Park<br />
Matsugamine_Catholic_Church_(front)_2013-01-30.JPG|The Cathedral of Saint Anthony<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
===West side (西部)===<br />
Although most of the people say "Bajikoe Area" to indicate the west side, on Kubori island, of Sainðaul, the official calling is '''Saibu'' (西部), literally meaning "west area". <br />
<br />
Coming from the east side, the first approach is probably going to be '''Kasakuri Station''', also a stop for the IZX services, and most of the [[Izarail]] cross-city network.<br />
Kasakuri Station is mainly a junction point, although some corporation headquarters, high rise residential towers and some shopping malls are also located. North of Kasakuri, the main logistics and goods shipping port area extends, with some cultural venues such as the '''DANKORE Museum of Art'''. <br />
<br />
Most of Hokusei ward is residential in its western side, and occupied by port facilities, warehouses and distribution centers on the eastern side.<br />
<br />
;Eigandan-Senpyan (永玵段船駢 / 𖬮ɭᛁ𖬖ɭᐢ)<br />
[[File:Eisen night view(ai-gen).jpg|400px|thumb|right|View of the business district of Eigandan-Senpyan by night]]<br />
Eigandan-Senpyan, commonly known as Eisen by the locals, is the bustling business core of western Sainðaul. Renowned for its vibrant commercial atmosphere, it serves as a hub for numerous international companies and multinationals, which have established their local branch offices here. One of the key factors contributing to its popularity is its direct and convenient link with the '''Asunahama International Airport''', just a short 15-minute ride away on the Airport Express.<br />
<br />
The area underwent a significant transformation with the 1996 redevelopment masterplan, resulting in a modern and dynamic cityscape, and it is home to some of the tallest buildings in Izaland, including "The Zenith." This iconic skyscraper stands tall with an impressive 94 floors and reaches a towering height of 423 meters. The presence of such architectural marvels adds to the skyline and symbolizes the district's economic prowess and cosmopolitan appeal.<br />
<br />
Despite the urbanity and towering structures, Eigandan-Senpyan seamlessly incorporates elements of natural beauty and tranquility into its modernity. The '''Ikasurun Park''', located in Pikamatsu, offers a serene oasis amidst the bustling city. Here, visitors can enjoy lush greenery, open spaces, and various recreational amenities, providing a perfect escape from the hectic urban lifestyle. Furthermore, the district is adorned with a picturesque green area that runs along the Baijikoe canal network. This carefully designed landscape harmoniously blends with the modern infrastructure, creating a refreshing environment for residents and visitors alike. The canal network not only enhances the aesthetic appeal of Eigandan-Senpyan but also contributes to the overall sustainability and ecological balance of the district.<br />
<br />
Eigandan-Senpyan stands as a testament to the city's commitment to progress, innovation, and the seamless integration of nature and urban development. It represents a vibrant and thriving business center, attracting international enterprises, while simultaneously offering a balance of modern amenities, green spaces, and recreational opportunities to ensure a high quality of life for its (rich) inhabitants.<br />
<br />
;[https://opengeofiction.net/#map=16/35.9798/128.7509&layers=B Riihisano]<br />
Riihisano, a vibrant district in south-western Sainðaul, is known for its unique blend of pop subculture, eccentric fashion, and youthful energy. It has captured the hearts of teenagers and university students, making it a popular destination for those seeking a trendy atmosphere. Riihisano's transportation is highly convenient, with excellent access provided by railways, subways, and trams. The picturesque Bajikoe canal is a major attraction, attracting people of all ages for leisure activities such as strolling, cycling, and picnicking. The canal is particularly enchanting during springtime when the district becomes famous for its breathtaking cherry blossoms.<br />
<br />
Riihisano's distinctive appeal lies in its thriving pop subculture, which is a hub of creativity and artistic expression. The streets are adorned with vibrant graffiti, and its shops and boutiques offer unique fashion items reflecting the district's eclectic and avant-garde style. The district also boasts a bustling nightlife, with numerous clubs, bars, and live music venues catering to the energetic and diverse tastes of its residents and visitors. From underground music scenes to mainstream pop performances, Riihisano's entertainment venues ensure there is never a dull moment in the district.<br />
<br />
=== Notable landmarks ===<br />
<br />
;List of the tallest structures<br />
{|class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"<br />
|-<br />
!scope="col"| Name<br />
!scope="col"| Image<br />
!scope="col"| Height<br /><small>[[Metre|m]] ([[Foot (length)|ft]])</small><br />
!scope="col"| Floors<br />
!scope="col"| Year<br />
!scope="col"| Ward<br />
!scope="col" class="unsortable"| Notes<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|20625217|Twaisahanga Tower 156}}<br />
|<br />
[[File:Tswaisahanga tower.png|150px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|782 (2566)<br />
| align="center"|156<br />
| align="center"|2017<br />
| <br />
| One of the tallest buildings in the world<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|25845866|Koneei BOX}}<br />
|[[File:Koneei BOX.png|40px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|485 (1591)<br />
| align="center"|86<br />
| align="center"|2016<br />
|<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|21622256|Eigandan Senpyan The Zenith}}<br />
|<br />
[[File:Eigandan Senpyan The Zenith.png|60px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|423 (1388)<br />
| align="center"|94<br />
| align="center"|2016<br />
|<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|22403749|Rosemane Gate Tower 105}}<br />
|<br />
[[File:Rosemane Gate Tower 105.png|40px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|416 (1364)<br />
| align="center"|105<br />
| align="center"|2008<br />
|<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{relation|242654|Vertigo Tower}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|401 (1315)<br />
| align="center"|76<br />
| align="center"|1998<br />
|<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|22673110|Firanda Tower}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|397 (1302)<br />
| align="center"|86<br />
| align="center"|2008<br />
| <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{relation|261284|Kashimas Tower NE}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|367 (1204)<br />
| align="center"|78<br />
| align="center"|2010<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{node|279009891|iLand Tower A}}<br />
|[[File:ILand Tower AD.png|40px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|342 (1122)<br />
| align="center"|85<br />
| align="center"|2016<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{node|279009888|iLand Tower D}}<br />
|[[File:ILand Tower AD.png|40px|center]]<br />
| align="center"|342 (1122)<br />
| align="center"|85<br />
| align="center"|2016<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|18555683|IDK Building}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|351 (1151)<br />
| align="center"|82<br />
| align="center"|2008<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|26332610|Ippenjaki Kajaringa Jutaku}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|331 (1085)<br />
| align="center"|68<br />
| align="center"|2019<br />
| <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|23840468|Ippenjaki Kajaringa Jutaku}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|323 (1063)<br />
| align="center"|67<br />
| align="center"|2008<br />
| <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row"| {{way|22673113|Eisen Station Tower}}<br />
|<br />
| align="center"|296 (971)<br />
| align="center"|69<br />
| align="center"|2010<br />
| <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
''To be continued''<br />
<br />
==Administrative divisions==<br />
Sainðaul does not exist as a '''city''' (市, ''shi'') per se, like the other cities of Izaland. Instead, its top level administrative definition is the '''Capital Special Administration District'''. The subdivisions of Sainðaul are 20 '''wards''' (區, ''ku''), four cities (市, ''shi'') and two towns (町, 'nata'):<br />
<br />
===Special Wards (特別区) ===<br />
{| class="wikitable" width = 650px style="font-size:90%;" align=center<br />
! Name<br />
! Askaozhi<br />
! Byakuzhi<br />
! Location<br />
! Population<br> (2021)<br />
|----------bgcolor=lightblue<br />
|Colspan=5 align=center|'''— Wards —'''<br />
|----------<br />
| Asaji-ku || 𖬮𖬖𖬐𖬰ᛁ𖬭𐐢|| 安佐寺區|| East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Bajikoe-ku || 𖬇𖬰𖬐𖬰ᛁ𖬭ᐤɭ𖬭𐐢|| 桐塚區|| West || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Garotsu-ku || 𖬭𖬰𖬬ᐤ𖬑𐐢𖬭𐐢|| 賀呂都區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Hayatogaru-ku || 𖬨𐭘𖬮𖬁ᐤ𖬭𖬰𖬬𐐢𖬭𐐢|| 久松區|| East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Intsushitsa-ku || 𖬮ᛁᐢ𖬑𐐢𖬔ᛁ𖬑𖬭𐐢 || 鰤基區|| East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Jufurai-ku ||𖬐𖬰𐐢𖬌𐐢𖬬꜉𖬭𐐢|| 朱布来區|| East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Juwon-ku || 𖬐𖬰𐐢𐩪𖬮ᐢ𖬭𐐢|| 中央區|| East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Keiyān-ku || 𖬭ᥫ𐭘𖬮⸠ᐢ𖬭𐐢|| 桂陽區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Kokendake-ku || 𖬭ᐤ𖬭ɭᐢ𖬒𖬰𖬭ɭ𖬭𐐢|| 古剣館區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Kyōði-ku || ꓩ𖬭⸠𖬑𖬰ᛁ𖬭𐐢|| 峡上區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Kyōyos-ku || ꓩ𖬭⸠ꓩ𖬮ᒢ𖬭𐐢|| 峡越區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Riihisano-ku || 𖬬ᛁ⸠𖬨ᛁ𖬖𖭑ᐤ𖬭𐐢|| 尾本區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Saikō-ku || 𖬖꜉𖬭ᐤ⸠𖬭𐐢|| 西港區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Shiki-ku || 𖬔ᛁ𖬭ᛁ𖬭𐐢|| 北區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Shutazai-ku || 𖬔𐐢𖬁𖬖𖬰꜉𖬭𐐢|| 守多彩區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Takarimoto-ku || 𖬁𖬭𖬬ᛁ𖬊ᐤ𖬁ᐤ𖬭𐐢|| 浚里鏡區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Tanahama-ku || 𖬁𖭑𖬨𖬊𖬭𐐢|| 多那島區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Tobeskauri-ku || 𖬁ᐤ𖬇𖬰ɭᒢ𖬭'𐐢𖬬ᛁ𖬭𐐢|| 鴨沼區 || East || tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Tomanae-ku || 𖬁ᐤ𖬊𖭑'ɭ𖬭𐐢|| 庥内區 || West|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
| Wikkaman-ku || 𐐊𖬮𖬘𖬳𖬊ᐢ𖬭𐐢|| 昱賀満區|| West|| tbd<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Special cities===<br />
* '''Shakihori-shi''' (石登市)<br />
* '''Shimoroboe-shi''' (亀岡市)<br />
* '''Dankau-shi''' (檀洪市)<br />
* '''Ibaruno-shi''' (齒琉能市)<br />
<br />
===Special towns===<br />
* '''Kaimura-nata'''<br />
* '''Yōneo-nata'''<br />
<br />
==Transportation==<br />
Sainðaul is the main hub of the whole country transportation, and all the north-south transit passes through the city. For this reason Sainðaul boasts a very specialized network of road and rail corridors, beside being the main aviation terminal of the country.<br />
<br />
===Railways===<br />
The railway network expands north and south-west from the station of [[Sainðaul Central Station|Sainðaul Central]], one of the busiest stations in the world, with about 3 million users daily. From here conventional and high speed railway ([[IZX]]) cross the Tandan Strait linking the city center with Bajikoe (West) area and other destinations on Kubori Island. At the same way, from the central station other lines diramate to connect with the capital the other main cities of the Ulethian side of Izaland. <br />
<br />
[[File:Kanmon-tunnel railway.jpg|thumb|300px|View of the eastern entrance to the Millennium Tunnel]]<br />
In particular, the main rail link between the two sides of the capital runs in a 3 km 6 tracks undersea tunnel, called [[Millennium tunnel]] connecting the stations of Shin-Ikashuni and Kasakuri.<br />
Another railway link is the Line X of the subway, providing a direct connection for the northern suburbs of Sainðaul to the center of Bajikoe. Lastly, another undersea link is the Kawashaku Line, linking Bajikoe with [[Kawayatsu]], a city north from Sainðaul on the Ulethain side. <br />
<br />
The suburban railway system of Sainðaul is called [[Capital Suburban Network (Sainðaul)|Capital Suburban Network]], and is composed by 16 lines operated by Izarail, including the [[Loop Line (Sainðaul)|Loop Line]], (see below) a circular line running in the original center. On the western side of the city, the railway infrastructure runs on a north-south double corridor. <br />
<br />
====Izarail Network====<br />
<br />
; Loop Line<br />
The Eastern side of Sainðaul, has got a vital heavy rail line that forms a 24,5 km loop encircling the historic heart of the city. The Loop Line, or 環状線 (Kwanjān-sen) in Izaki, holds a significant place in the city's transport landscape.<br />
<br />
While the official launch of the service dates back to 1937, it's important to note that the Loop Line didn't come into existence as a single entity. Rather, it evolved from the amalgamation of various railway segments, skillfully connected over time. Operating with precision, the Loop Line offers a train frequency of every 5 minutes during typical daytime hours. However, the system gears up to serve the bustling rush hours, providing trains every 90 seconds to cater to the high demand. Some of the trains make Hayatogaru Station their terminus, which is equipped with maintenance and depot facilities<br />
<br />
The loop, standing out on city maps with its distinct prussian blue color, is not just a means of getting around; it serves as a hub of activity, and is used daily by an impressive 1.7 million riders. This robust ridership underlines the line's pivotal role in connecting the city's diverse communities and shaping the urban flow of Sainðaul.<br />
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible"<br />
|+Stations list<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Code<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Station name<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Izaki<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Connections with<br />other railways<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Connections with<br />subway lines<br />
! style="border-bottom:solid 4px #34589F;" |Location<br />
|-<br />
!LL01<br />
|Sainðaul Central<br />
|作安崎中央<br />
|<br />
* Airport Express<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Enishaku Line<br />
* Sainniga Line<br />
* Bajikoe-Dōnnei Line<br />
* IZX<br />
|<br />
*Line 1<br />
* Line 8<br />
*Line 10<br />
* Line 17<br />
* Shindōnsai Link<br />
| rowspan="2" |Juwon<br />
|-<br />
!LL02<br />
|Binno||苠喃<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Enishaku Line<br />
* Bajikoe-Dōnnei Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 4<br />
* Line 17<br />
|-<br />
!LL03<br />
|Shiitehongi||〇〇<br />
|<br />
* Enishaku Line<br />
* Limited Expresses<br />
|<br />
* Line 3<br />
|Shiki<br />
|-<br />
!LL04<br />
|Jigasungai Kōwen||〇〇<br />
|<br />
|<br />
*Line 18<br />
| rowspan="4" | Jufurai<br />
|-<br />
!LL05<br />
|Jufurai Kōwen Niji||朱布来公園西<br />
|<br />
|<br />
* Line 8<br />
* Line 16<br />
|-<br />
!LL06<br />
|Punoidan||〇〇<br />
|<br />
| (At Tensari Omuhate)<br />
* Line 1<br />
* Line 16<br />
|-<br />
!LL07<br />
|Rupekoppe||孱槻<br />
|<br />
| (At Tamanoke Tsunui)<br />
* Line 1<br />
|-<br />
!LL08<br />
|Isenebo||床踔<br />
|<br />
| <br />
* Line 14<br />
| rowspan="4" | Hayatogaru<br />
|-<br />
!LL09<br />
|Igashikura (Taishin Univ.) ||品山(泰進大)<br />
|<br />
* Kidai Line<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!LL10<br />
|Hayatogaru||久松<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Ansoku Line<br />
* Kidai Line<br />
* Sainniga Line<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!LL11<br />
|Rakkashoni||鳶腳<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
|<br />
*Line 2<br />
|-<br />
!LL12<br />
|Sumi-Kokendake||隠古剣館<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Ansoku Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 4<br />
(At Kushigae)<br />
* Line 16<br />
| rowspan="4" | Kokendake<br />
|-<br />
!LL13<br />
|Oritoku||壌外<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 10<br />
|-<br />
!LL14<br />
|Tomiganei||庭ヶ汢<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 9<br />
|-<br />
!LL15<br />
|Tagashiga||浚藻<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!LL16<br />
|Oiseharu||粕墾<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
(At Shin-Oiseharu)<br />
* Shinsabu Main Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 18<br />
| rowspan="4" | Juwon<br />
|-<br />
!LL17<br />
|Herubori||杏登<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
* Ansoku Line<br />
* Airport Express<br />
* Dōnkai Line<br />
* Shinsabu Main Line<br />
* IZX<br />
|<br />
* Line 3<br />
* Line 12<br />
|-<br />
!LL18<br />
|Obakura||〇〇<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 12<br />
* Line 14<br />
|-<br />
!LL19<br />
|Aketsue||薫都衛<br />
|<br />
* Chikaoi Line<br />
* Sabuonno Line<br />
* Daikiri Line<br />
* Kidai Line<br />
* Enishaku Line<br />
* Bajikoe-Dōnnei Line<br />
|<br />
* Line 12<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Other private railways complete the network of Sainðaul.<br />
<br />
===Tramways===<br />
Before the heavy development of subway lines, Sainðaul had an extensive network of tramways and streetcars, which still survive with a smaller network and some isolated lines in the areas not covered by heavy rail. Still nowadays, especially after the legislation of Mayor Ikaro Asahosai in 2003, a vast program of new tramway projects is on the way, and 126 km of new tracks are going to be laid by 2025. <br />
<br />
====Metro system====<br />
[[File:Metro Sainzaul logo with text.png|frameless|right]]<br />
The [[Sainðaul Metro]] is the mostly underground subway network of the metropolitan area, mainly developed on the two sides of the Tandan Strait. Only three lines cross the strait through the Kishagoi undersea tunnel. The system, as of 2023, is composed of 19 lines (metro proper) and extends on 673.93 km of network.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" <br />
|-<br />
! Rel<br />
! Code<br />
! Line name<br />
! Opening year<br />
! Extension<br />
! Stations<br />
! Terminus A<br />
! Terminus B<br />
! Thru Service<br />
! Main facts<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242549 1]<br />
| AD<br />
| style="background: #FE7F00;"|'''Agarai-Dōnpuku Line'''<br />
| 1924<br />
| 51,66 km<br />
| 30<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/184719128 Ikashumai Sports Center]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/146716208 Enikezya Forum]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The second oldest line of the system, has been upgraded different times, and also offers and express/rapid services. <br />
* An extension from Ikashumai Sports Center to Yakata is in progress with the opening targeted by 2024<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242565 2]<br />
| HB<br />
| style="background: red;"|'''Hibaru Line'''<br />
| 1919<br />
| 36,02 km<br />
| 27<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/187344183 Naezoto]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/135394631 Mokoba]</br>[http://opengeofiction.net/node/188737257 Hintomaui]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The first subway line built in Izaland, and one of the first in Eastern Uletha, runs west-east in the old core of the city, giving access to the central station area, the government district of Amiya and the historical precincts of the Eikuku-ji Temple. <br />
* Further east the line divides into two branches, one leading to Mokoba, and the other serving as north-south corridod for the city of Oitsura.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242566 3]<br />
| SH<br />
| style="background: #009E4F;"|'''Shakihori Line'''<br />
| 1932<br />
| 42,96 km<br />
| 25<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/256366564 Ansan Shakuiadae]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370158 Iyogateri]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The third line of the Sainðaul Metro network, was first built to connect from north to south the central districts of the capital (Shiitehongi-Herubori). <br />
* In 2019 an extension from Bibawara to Ansan Shakuiadae opened<br />
* Offers a rapid service in the northern part, until Komayunden. South of this station all trains stop at all stations.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242547 4]<br />
| KO<br />
| style="background: #FFD912;"|'''Kokendake Line'''<br />
| 1937<br />
| 18,45 km<br />
| 15<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/129227893 Abawauri]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/126666499 Kawaei]<br />
| <br />
* Onto the Shinsabu Oitsura Line towards Oitsura<br />
* Onto the line 6 from Abawauri to Ipporai-Shindari (only a few trains)<br />
| <br />
* The fourth line of the Sainðaul Metro network, runs partially parallel to the Hibaru (red) line, touching the embassy district (Aguri), the government quarter and the old city (Kushigae, from which the name comes).<br />
* Since the 1998 upgrade, this was the first former line to have a rapid service<br />
* Thru service onto the Shinsabu Oitsura Line towards Oitsura since 1976<br />
|-<br />
|colspan="10"|<br />
[[File:SUL04.svg|1400px|frameless]]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242577 5]<br />
| KE<br />
| style="background: #9E6A51;"|'''Kirifunu Eigandan Line'''<br />
| 1941<br />
| 16,05 km<br />
| 13<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/176782928 Jisahara]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/126666499 Tsuragoi]<br />
| Onto the IR Shosen Line from Jisahara to Kemeusa<br />
| <br />
* The first line built in the Bajikoe area, with the shape of a reversed "L", connects east-west the central district (Konegisa Eigandan and Kirifunu Lan), bending south to Jisahara.<br />
* In 2013 the thru service on to the IR Shosen Line allows rapid trains to reach Komokata. Special trainsets run up to 180 km/h on the special tracks, making this one of the fastest subway in the world.<br />
* Between Komokata and Tsuragoi trains stop at all stations<br />
|-<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242578 6]<br />
| IP<br />
| style="background: #3465A4;"|'''Ipporai Line'''<br />
| 1967<br />
| 47,30 km<br />
| 30<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/259962136 Saibu-Panatsawa]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/229672837 Nari-Gotsurindai]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The first subway line crossing the Tandan Strait, was first built between Ezaesomu and Kotoshiruna in 1967<br />
* In 1973 the undersea tunnel allowed trains to reach Abawauri station, allowing for the first time subway trains to travel between the two sides of the city. This helped to lighten the congestion of the IR lines<br />
* The latest extensions are: from Abawari to Nari-Gotsurindai opened in 2008 (the two last stations, Nari-Gotsurindai and Norihoi are shared with line 18), and from Kōtō-Satahappi to Saibu-Panatsawa in 2018.<br />
* A possible extension via Hōnkūn to Iberotsuna is in the earlier survey stage<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242576 7]<br />
| BJ<br />
| style="background: #00A0BC;"|'''Bajikoe Line'''<br />
| 1972<br />
| 36,47 km<br />
| 29<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/196658312 Pwakkobe]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/147466401 Akettun Shendao]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The line has the shape of the number "5", linking the port area of Riimibaiken city (Komokata Pref.) with the central business district of west Sainðaul, running underneath Eigandan Lan and Shutazai-ku. <br />
* There is a project for a branch line dividing at Sangwya Jiku towards Chikawari, however, no funds are available as of 2022.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242546 8]<br />
| HM<br />
| style="background: #00A2D3;"|'''Hamaas Line'''<br />
| 1958<br />
| 23,95 km<br />
| 22<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/169508181 Kishagoi]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370155 Komayunden]<br />
| <br />
* IR Tandan Kaihyō Line from Kishagoi to Funoshoni<br />
* Ibaches Main Line from Jufurai to Ibaruno<br />
| <br />
* The line has the shape of a "V" letter, and connects the north-west of eastern Sainðaul with the north-east, after reaching all the central locations<br />
* Since it links many islands, the name of the line means "line of the islands".<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242548 9]<br />
| BX<br />
| style="background: #C40062;"|'''Bordeaux Line'''<br />
| 1986<br />
| 14,00 km<br />
| 13<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/135874133 Teyomuka]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/201033004 Shōryān Daishi]<br />
| <br />
* Shinsabu Line from Shōryān Daishi to Hidano (all-stop service only)<br />
| <br />
* The line is the first of the lower capacity lines built in the city. Trains have 6 cars and are fully automated. <br />
* A possible extension to Tsukasai (IR and Agarai-Dōnpuku Line) is in the study phase.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242569 10]<br />
| SO<br />
| style="background: #C46200;"|'''Shakiose Line'''<br />
| 1969<br />
| 32,80 km<br />
| 29<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/122138475 Shakihori]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/229655683 Uhāra-Motu]<br />
| <br />
* Shikisabu Railway to [TBD]<br />
| <br />
* Runs parallel to the Shakihori Line between Niji-Shakihori and Rillantsoye.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242579 11]<br />
| OD<br />
| style="background: #c5e1a5;"|'''Owonideki Line'''<br />
| 2012<br />
| 23.32 km<br />
| 22<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/147457618 Itsayuki-Tonjō]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370188 Jisahara]<br />
| Onto the IR Shosen Line to Katayoshi-Juwon<br />
| <br />
* Running North-South mostly following Owonideki Boulevard in the West of the city<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242571 12]<br />
| IS<br />
| style="background: #86EBEB;"|'''Intsushitsa Line'''<br />
| 1995<br />
| 15.60 km<br />
| 13<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/187344184 Kayatsori]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370188 Mewakate-Kippai]<br />
| None<br />
| <br />
* The line, one of the shortest of the system, is a fully automated middle-capacity subway, connecting the eastern center with Koyabi island.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242593 13]<br />
| TN<br />
| style="background: #36873c;"|'''Tsuruna Line'''<br />
| 2003<br />
| 39.40 km<br />
| 29<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/229660683 SAIA Cargo Center]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/176765160 Showanul] / [http://opengeofiction.net/node/126143726 Kashimochi]<br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* Passing mostly underground beneath Tsuruna Yaon, the line connects Asunahama International Airport with the western part of the city via Riimibaiken and Tahamuro. <br />
* In the southern part, a spur line connects the mainline from Tsuruna-Mistukane to Showanul, to offer interchanges with IR Lines and IZX Services. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/72E400 14]<br />
| NO<br />
| style="background: #72E400"|'''Nanpuku Otsumi Line'''<br />
| 2004<br />
| 22.57 km<br />
| 20<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/124066185 Migawarae]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370166 Tanjānli] <br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* One of the most heavily used lines of the system, the line connects the busy central hubs of Masuda Agarai, Jufurai, the island of Intsushitsa with the north-eastern districts.<br />
* From the current terminus of Migawarae, an extension to Dankau is in the process of being built.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242580 15]<br />
| UN<br />
| style="background: #db287a"|'''Urenosomi Line'''<br />
| 2010<br />
| 34.31 km<br />
| 24<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/229660683 SAIA Cargo Center]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/176874425 Sakamuso] <br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* Between SAIA Cargo Center and Bibaisone tracks are shared with Line 13 (Tsuruna Line)<br />
* The line draws a semicircle on the western and southern extremities of West Sainðaul.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242570 16]<br />
| KW<br />
| style="background: #816cb1"|'''Kyokwan Line'''<br />
| 2013<br />
| 71.50 km<br />
| 52<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/188445611 Tsukitonai]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/126493368 Kamaishi Kaiyan Kōwen] <br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* The line forms an almost complete mega-loop around the two city centers, connecting prime business areas such as Koneei in Bajikoe with the outer suburbs on the eastern side.<br />
* The tracks are shared with Line 18 between Chikayuda and Kingaus Sangu.<br />
* The original project called for a mega-loop to be completed on the southern part, passing through Kashimochi and Utsullani Islands, but lack of funding so far blocked the project. The estimated cost of completing the line, according to 2020 calculations, is 11.2 billion Etsi. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/242573 17]<br />
| ZK<br />
| style="background: #f985bb"|'''Zakumi Line'''<br />
| 2013<br />
| 51.83 km<br />
| 38<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/251115566 Tswankanami Airport] <br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370188 Mewakate Kippai] / [http://opengeofiction.net/node/193581001 Kungaus Sangu Shikumun] <br />
| <br />
* To Kirijima via the IR Gashi Line<br />
|<br />
* The line runs west-east in the northern part of West Sainðaul, and North-South in the Eastern side.<br />
* The pattern is mostly divided into two sections: Kungaus Sangu Shikimun to Tswankanami Airport (or Bibantōri and onwards on the Gashi Line), and Kungaus Sangu to Mewakate Kippai. Some rapid trains however run the whole line in about 55 minutes. <br />
* The tracks are shared with Line 17 between Chikayuda and Kingaus Sangu, and with Line 18 between IDK Arena Station and the Mewakate Kippai terminus.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/292343 18]<br />
| HO<br />
| style="background: #999999"|'''Jufurai Line'''<br />
| 1998<br />
| 27.51 km<br />
| 20<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/229672837 Nari-Gotsurindai]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/183370188 Mewakate Kippai]<br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* The line runs north-south in the Eastern part of Sainðaul, mainly passing through Jufurai, hence the name<br />
* The subway partially uses tracks of the former IR Dunkōn Line.<br />
* The tracks are shared with Line 17 between IDK Arena Station and the Mewakate Kippai terminus.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/relation/292343 -]<br />
| JF<br />
| style="background: #CD5C5C"|'''Hoze-Oyehatton Line'''<br />
| 2019<br />
| 13.64 km<br />
| 13<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/136187245 Takatsura]<br />
| [http://opengeofiction.net/node/196658319 Kadokamahiwa]<br />
| None<br />
|<br />
* Fully automated 4 cars light subway line serving the western business district.<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#multimaps: <br />
| service = OGF<br />
| center = 36.0118, 128.8961<br />
| width = 100%<br />
| height = 1000px<br />
| zoom = 12<br />
| maxzoom = 19<br />
| layers = +Standard,+TopoMap<br />
| overlays = +Metro,+Other systems,+Thru services<br />
| overlaydef = {<br />
"Metro": {"function": "publicTransport", "param": [242567, 242593, 242571, 242579, 242569, 242548, 242546, 242576, 242578, 242577, 242547, 242566, 242565, 242549, 242343, 242573, 242570, 242580, 292343]},<br />
"Other systems": {"function": "publicTransport", "param": [303201, 242613, 283141, 283140, 242568, 242572]},<br />
"Thru services": {"function": "publicTransport", "param": [272674, 303222, 303223, 303227, 303270]}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
====High Speed Railway====<br />
The high speed trains run on a mostly dedicated alignment. The most busy link is the '''Kubori Main High Speed Line''' (久保李本高鐵線, ''Kubori Hon-kōchessen''), also called '''Keishin IZX Line''' (京深IZX線, ''Keishin Iziikksu sen'') linking Sainðaul Station with Warohan, the second city in size of Izaland. Within the Capital Special Administration District the trains originating Sainðaul call at [[Kasakuri Station|Kasakuri]], the main station for the High Speed trains in Bajikoe, to head then to [[Sainðaul Asunahama International Airport]], having a dedicated High Speed Railway station underneath. <br />
<br />
Other lines stretching from Sainðaul to the continental area are the '''West Sea High Speed Line''' (西海高鐵線, ''Seikai kōchessen'') joining with Shirukami, and the '''Ryānkai IZX Line''' (両海高鐵線, ''Ryānkai kōchessen''), reaching [[Gaintei]] the access city to the highest peaks of Izaland, in the North-West of the country. <br />
<br />
====Projects====<br />
To decongest the millennium tunnel, a new project to build an alternative rail link between Sainðaul and Showanul is in progress, but due to the highly demanding technical challenges and the consequent costs, the building of this infrastructure is not going to happen anytime soon. This project is tentatively called '''Third East-West Rail Link vision''' (第三東西連絡鉄道線構想, ''Deisan dōnðai lyenlakusen kusān'').<br />
<br />
===Aviation===<br />
Sainðaul counts on three main airports: <br />
* '''Asunahama International Airport''', the main intercontinental gate of the city and Izaland, situated off-shore on an artificial island <br />
* '''Kanui Airport''', located close to the old center, active as a city airport and handling most of the domestic traffic<br />
* '''Tswankanami International Airport''', the former intercontinental airport of Izaland, now is mainly a hub for low cost carrier; located on the west side of the city, in Komokata Prefecture.<br />
<br />
====Asunahama International Airport====<br />
'''Sainðaul Asunahama International Airport''' (安作崎空島國際空港 - ''Saindzaul Asunahama Kukujai Kūnkō'') ([[WAAT]]: '''SUL''', [[ANACA]]: '''DZSL''') is the main international hub of [[Izaland]], main hub for [[Izaland Airlines]] and [[Uletha Eastern Airways]], serving all major international destinations worldwide.<br />
<br />
=====History=====<br />
[[File:Rinkuu.JPG|thumb|289px|The "Asunatotsu" bridge connecting the airport island with the mainland]]<br />
The airport opened in 2014 on a 9 sq km artificial island offshore Kubori island to relieve the congestion of the former '''Sainðaul Tswankanami Airport''', now reduced in size and used as a military base, and the '''Sainðaul Kanui Airport''', located in the continental area of the city, now serving mainly domestic and short haul destinations.<br />
<br />
=====Construction works=====<br />
The genesis of this airport backs to year 1998, when the former international airport of Izaland, '''Sainðaul Tswankanami Airport''' started to show signs of saturation. <br />
Different projects were made about the location for a new international airport, including the expansion of the main domestic terminal of Kanui Airport. However, the promising growth of international flights pushed for a wider projects, so the idea of creating a wide airport on an international island took over.<br />
<br />
At first, there were different ideas for the location of the new airport, including near Kawayatsu or Sabullan. However, the Ministry of Infrastructure, asked, in 2001, to locate the new airport possibly along the route of the newly to be built high speed railway (the [[Sainðaul - Warohan Saikai Line]]), so an area in Komokata Prefecture, about 2,4 km offshore between Riimibaiken and Chikawari was chosen, due to the low depth of the sea (not more than 35 m in the deepest area). Particular attention was made to avoid endangering the reef located in the area. <br />
<br />
The preliminary project was ready by september 2005, and the complete financing of the airport, including the undersea high speed railway, was done by spring 2007. <br />
Building works started finally in 2008, first by landfilling the area to create the island. At the same time, tunnel boring machines started digging the two single tracked 18,7 km tunnels from Komokata to Chikawari area, and the HSR station was nearly completed by 2012. The last two years were taken to complete the construction of the airport terminal itself. <br />
<br />
In 2017, due to the increasing low cost flights, especially by the growing IzaFly low cost carrier, a new terminal was built on the southern area of Asunahama island. <br />
The terminal behaves actually as a satellite building, as everyone needs to pass through the check in and immigrations of the main building. The transfer to the low cost terminal is guaranteed by a inter-terminal people mover.<br />
<br />
=====Naming=====<br />
Since the landfilling of the airport island has been one of the biggest project in Izaland, at an estimated cost of about 18 billion USD, a symbolic name was chosen fo the island, calling it '''Asunahama''' (空島, ''asunahama''), meaning "sky island". This name was also chosen to call the airport itself. <br />
<br />
=====Transportation=====<br />
[[File:Airport_Station_2018_08_part2.jpg|thumb|289px|Inside the airport transit station]]<br />
;Road access<br />
The airport island is connected to the mainland by a 2,1 km steel and concrete, the '''Asunatotsu''' bridge (meaning "Sky Bridge").<br />
The bridge is connected to the Keishin Expressway via the '''Asunatotsu IC'''. It is also possible to access to the airport island via a freeway.<br />
<br />
;Rail access<br />
The airport boasts a transit center offering interchange between 2 subway lines, 5 railway services (including the [[Airport Express (Sainðaul)|Airport Express]] and the high speed railway. The hub station of '''Sainðaul Asunahama International Airport''' is located underground, between the parking area and the airport main terminal itself. Access to the arrival lobby is guaranteed by a gentle slope with mobile walkways, while the access to the 4th floor departure lobby is helped by escalators and direct lifts. <br />
<br />
In 2018 opened a 35 minutes train service, the non-stop SATMEX ('''Sainðaul Airports Transit MegaExpress'''), allowing hassle-less transit between intercontinental and domestic flights at Kanui Airport (the train takes to Osenude station, from which mobile walkways lead to the terminal).<br />
<br />
=== Waterways ===<br />
Water transport has always played a primary role in the connections between the dozens of islands that make up the territory of the city. In particular, until the middle of the last century, when there were still no fixed connections between east and west, the Strait of Tandan, where Sainðaul stays, was an extremely busy strip of sea, where hundreds of ferries and vessels passed through every day.<br />
The approximately 25 km north-south extension of the Sainðaul port area has several ports and moorings. As for the eastern side, from north to south the main piers are:<br />
* Gotsurindai<br />
* Kishagoi<br />
* Fukori<br />
* Tsukasai<br />
* Tsutomaku <br />
* Nagaya<br />
<br />
The main ones located on the western shore are:<br />
* Samopuke<br />
* Kasakuri<br />
* Tsuragoi <br />
<br />
[[Category:Izaland]]</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=User:Izaland_Terramorphing_Committee/Sandbox/Infrastructure&diff=20602User:Izaland Terramorphing Committee/Sandbox/Infrastructure2023-11-29T11:44:28Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: /* IZX High Speed Rail */</p>
<hr />
<div>This is the sandbox for Izaland' infrastructure. <br><br />
𖬑ᐤ𖬭ᛁᐢ 華邦ᒢ 基設ᒢ 情報 ꓩ𖬮𖬬ɭ. (''Tsokin Izakis estonores jōpō yo.'')<br />
<br />
Leaving here only information to be updated or reshaped.<br />
(large moving to canonic articles in May 2023)<br />
<br />
== Railways ==<br />
=== Izarail (former National Railways of Izaland, now privatized) ===<br />
<br />
===== IZX High Speed Rail =====<br />
<br />
; Keishin Line<br />
The Keishin high-speed line originally opened between Chikawari (Komokata Prefecture) and Panaireki on 1 September 1972, after about nine years of construction. Trains originated at Kasakuri station, but soon the capacity of the conventional railway line began to show its limits, and some trains were restricted to Riimibaiken. <br />
<br />
In 1975, the remaining part up to Warohan opened, allowing trains, travelling at 260 km/h, to join the Saindzaul metropolitan area with the second city of Izaki in about 2 hours and 45 minutes.<br />
<br />
In 1983, trains began to pass through the Millennium Tunnel, thus reaching the central station, albeit with several slowdowns due to the limited capacity of the corridor.<br />
<br />
In 2012, the last segment was finally opened, from Chikawari to Saindzaul Central, bypassing Riimibaiken and with an underground station under Kasakuri (Saindzaul Niji). In 2014, the station under Asunahama International Airport also opened. B and C trains run on this line.<br />
<br />
In the meantime, a bypass between Chikawari and Komishinan had been opened in 1990, to allow some fast trains to skip the densely populated Midōhinnan area, in order to allow higher speeds for trains that do not make intermediate stops ('A and C' trains).<br />
<br />
Finally, in 2004, the section between Sakamuso (western part of the city) via Illashiya, and Kichatsura was opened, cutting through long tunnels through the Kubori mountains. Trains "D and E" use this line.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+IZX Keishin Line (IZX京深線)<br />
! colspan="3" |Station<br />
! colspan="3" |Distance<br />
! colspan="7" |Services<br />
! rowspan="2" |Location<br />
|-<br />
!Code<br />
!alphabet<br />
!Izaki<br />
!''<small>from Sainðaul</small>''<br />
!''<small>from Sakamuso</small>''<br />
!'''''<small>between Stations</small>'''''<br />
!<small>A</small><br />
!<small>B</small><br />
! colspan="2" |<small>C</small><br />
!<small>D</small><br />
!<small>E</small><br />
!<small>F</small><br />
|-<br />
|K01<br />
|'''Sainðaul Central'''<br />
|作安崎中央<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: #002A91; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #1B71CB; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #729FCF; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #729FCF; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K02<br />
|'''Niji-Sainðaul'''<br />
|西作安崎<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: #002A91; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #1B71CB; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #729FCF; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #729FCF; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K03<br />
|'''Asunahama International Airport'''<br />
|天島國際空港<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: #002A91; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #1B71CB; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #729FCF; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #729FCF; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K31<br />
|Pyanuza<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: #002A91; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: #729FCF; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K32<br />
|Nagayamatsu<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: #002A91; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: #729FCF; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K33<br />
|Keishunneul<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: #002A91; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: #729FCF; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K101<br />
|'''Sakamuso'''<br />
|沛坤<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: #926ACA; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #BC68CC; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K102<br />
|Showanul<br />
|書瓦崎<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: #926ACA; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #BC68CC; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K103<br />
|Katayoshi Juwon<br />
|泉峰中央<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: #926ACA; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #BC68CC; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K104<br />
|Illashiya<br />
|狐棲<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: #926ACA; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #BC68CC; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K105<br />
|Chōpatsu<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: #926ACA; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #BC68CC; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K106<br />
|Kohtosōre<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: #926ACA; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #BC68CC; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K04<br />
|Hashimakori<br />
|示万飯<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: #1B71CB; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #729FCF; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K05<br />
|Wodoriha IR<br />
|渉高IR<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: #1B71CB; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #729FCF; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K06<br />
|Shin-Eriraul<br />
|新繰羅崎<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: #1B71CB; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #729FCF; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K07<br />
|Nappawa<br />
|那覇輪<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: #1B71CB; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #729FCF; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K08<br />
|Otsumi-Komishinan<br />
|南古邊南<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: #002A91; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #1B71CB; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #729FCF; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #729FCF; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K09<br />
|Kamahoraya<br />
|寺稲野<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: #002A91; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #1B71CB; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #729FCF; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #729FCF; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K10<br />
|'''Shin-Kichatsura Teba'''<br />
|新龜茶夕𠂤馬<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: #002A91; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #1B71CB; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #729FCF; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #729FCF; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #926ACA; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #BC68CC; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K11<br />
|Nugamochi<br />
|陥桃<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: #002A91; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #1B71CB; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: #729FCF; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #926ACA; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #BC68CC; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K12<br />
|'''Panaireki'''<br />
|若浦<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: #002A91; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #1B71CB; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: #729FCF; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #926ACA; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #BC68CC; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K13<br />
|Hyōmonan Resort<br />
|裱茂南遊園<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: #002A91; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #1B71CB; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: #926ACA; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #BC68CC; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K14<br />
|Shin-Imihatsorul<br />
|新立鰹埼<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: #002A91; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #1B71CB; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: #926ACA; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #BC68CC; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K15<br />
|Naeba<br />
|内波<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: #002A91; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #1B71CB; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: #926ACA; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #BC68CC; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K16<br />
|Eyenniyul Juwon<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: #002A91; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #1B71CB; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: #926ACA; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #BC68CC; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K17<br />
|'''Warohan'''<br />
|深彎<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: #002A91; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #1B71CB; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: #926ACA; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #BC68CC; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #7B3D01; color: white; " |●<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="14" |''Trains continue onto the IZX Nankai Line through to Daishin''<br />
|-<br />
|N1<br />
|Satsokoibo<br />
|青袋<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: #002A91; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #1B71CB; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: #926ACA; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #BC68CC; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #7B3D01; color: white; " |●<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|N2<br />
|Shin-Nuskajui<br />
|新廣壁<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: #002A91; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #1B71CB; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: #926ACA; color: white; " |<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| style="background: #BC68CC; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #7B3D01; color: white; " |●<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|N3<br />
|'''Daishin'''<br />
|大進<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| style="background: #002A91; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #1B71CB; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
| style="background: #926ACA; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #BC68CC; color: white; " |●<br />
| style="background: #7B3D01; color: white; " |●<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+IZX Ryānkai Line (IZX兩海線)<br />
! colspan="3" |Station<br />
! colspan="2" |Distance<br />
! colspan="5" |Services<br />
!Location<br />
|-<br />
!Code<br />
!alphabet<br />
!Izaki<br />
!''<small>from Sainðaul</small>''<br />
!'''''<small>between Stations</small>'''''<br />
!?<br />
!?<br />
!?<br />
!?<br />
!?<br />
!<br />
|-<br />
|R01<br />
|'''Sainðaul Central'''<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| style="background: darkgray; color: white; " |-<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R02<br />
|Asaji Torimoshi<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R03<br />
|Shin-Enikezya<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R04<br />
|Nari-Odanuri<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R05<br />
|Todakuri-Tojirushi<br />
《Kosui Chiku》<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R06<br />
|Isadashi<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R07<br />
|Beikejo<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R08<br />
|Rinnajin<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R09<br />
|Gaintei<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R10<br />
|Humabe Kukujai Resort<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R11<br />
|Fukuoka<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R12<br />
|Kahenji-Nukkistama<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R13<br />
|Ōdakaida-Ranku<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R14<br />
|Riyatoma<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R15<br />
|Kōsa-Hannan<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R16<br />
|Shin-Makkenoke<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R17<br />
|Soritsun Kōwen<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R18<br />
|Hentsari-Donan<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R19<br />
|Chunnitai<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R20<br />
|Shin-Pekonai<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R21<br />
|Sannupuri<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Other private railways ===<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+ List of the main private railways of Izaland<br />
|-<br />
! Operator !! City/area !! Lines !! Lenght<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="7" | Saibu Railways<br />
西部電鐵 <br />
| rowspan="7" | West Saindzaul || Saibu Sasatotsu Line || 51.91 km<br />
|-<br />
|Saibu Panatsawa Line<br />
|12.17 km<br />
|-<br />
|Saibu Katayoshi Line<br />
|53.97 km<br />
|-<br />
|Saibu Pyasen Line<br />
|20.06 km<br />
|-<br />
|Saibu Ekawase Line<br />
|17.23 km<br />
|-<br />
|Saibu Komokata Line<br />
|36.27 km<br />
|-<br />
|Saibu Niji Line<br />
|37.13 km<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2" | Rinkyun Railway || rowspan="2" | West Saindzaul, Komokata || Rinkyun Main Line || TBD<br />
|-<br />
|Rinkyun Kirijima Line<br />
|TBD<br />
|-<br />
| Example || Example || Example || Example<br />
|}<br />
=== City codes ===<br />
For the railway ticketing services and related purposes, 3 letter codes are assigned to the main stations in Izaland. <br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"<br />
|+ Railway Codes<br />
|-<br />
! Station!! Code<br />
!City<br />
|-<br />
| Saindzaul Central || SCL<br />
|Saindzaul<br />
|-<br />
| Warohan Central || WRC<br />
|Warohan<br />
|-<br />
| Panaireki || PRK<br />
|Panaireki<br />
|-<br />
|Kasakuri<br />
|KKR<br />
|Saindzaul<br />
|-<br />
|Riimibaiken<br />
|RBK<br />
|Riimibaiken<br />
|-<br />
|Riyatoma<br />
|RYM<br />
|Riyatoma<br />
|-<br />
|Makkenoke<br />
|MKK<br />
|Makkenoke<br />
|-<br />
|Sannupuri<br />
|SNP<br />
|Sannupuri<br />
|-<br />
|Sonzhin<br />
|SZH<br />
|Sonzhin<br />
|-<br />
|Sahnajima<br />
|SHJ<br />
|Sahnajima<br />
|-<br />
|Shirukami<br />
|SRK<br />
|Shirukami<br />
|-<br />
|Daishin<br />
|DAI<br />
|Daishin<br />
|-<br />
|Kanlisahna<br />
|KLS<br />
|Kanlisahna<br />
|-<br />
|Isadashi<br />
|ISD<br />
|Isadashi<br />
|-<br />
|Shiitehongi<br />
|STH<br />
|Saindzaul<br />
|-<br />
|Herubori<br />
|HBR<br />
|Saindzaul<br />
|-<br />
|Oitsura<br />
|OIR<br />
|Oitsura<br />
|-<br />
|Tohpatogu<br />
|THP<br />
|Tohpatogu<br />
|-<br />
|Tyensen<br />
|TYS<br />
|Tyensen<br />
|-<br />
|Hashimakori<br />
|HSK<br />
|Hashimakori<br />
|-<br />
|Illashiya<br />
|ILS<br />
|Illashiya<br />
|-<br />
|Kawayatsu<br />
|KWY<br />
|Kawayatsu<br />
|-<br />
|Asunahama Airport<br />
|SUL<br />
|Bibaisone<br />
|-<br />
|Odanuri<br />
|ODN<br />
|Odanuri<br />
|-<br />
|Igattarun<br />
|IGR<br />
|Igattarun<br />
|-<br />
|Wesedaku<br />
|WSD<br />
|Wesedaku<br />
|-<br />
|Jinneisoke<br />
|JNS<br />
|Jinneisoke<br />
|-<br />
|Matsukasai<br />
|MKS<br />
|Matsukasai<br />
|-<br />
|Reilusahna<br />
|RLS<br />
|Reilusahna<br />
|-<br />
|Nagareki<br />
|NGR<br />
|Nagareki<br />
|-<br />
|Poridake<br />
|PRD<br />
|Poridake<br />
|-<br />
|Yamagata<br />
|YMG<br />
|Yamagata<br />
|-<br />
|Pantsōn<br />
|PNS<br />
|Pantsōn<br />
|-<br />
|Iberoyaki<br />
|IBR<br />
|Iberoyaki<br />
|-<br />
|Naeba<br />
|NEB<br />
|Naeba<br />
|-<br />
|Katasogi<br />
|KTS<br />
|Katasogi<br />
|-<br />
|Makkatade<br />
|MKD<br />
|Makkatade<br />
|-<br />
|Satsokoibo<br />
|SKB<br />
|Satsokoibo<br />
|-<br />
|Nuskajui<br />
|NKJ<br />
|Nuskajui<br />
|-<br />
|Kokennake Juwon<br />
|KKN<br />
|Warohan<br />
|-<br />
|Eyenniyul<br />
|EYL<br />
|Eyenniyul<br />
|-<br />
|Chanabori<br />
|CHB<br />
|Chanabori<br />
|-<br />
|Taemoigon<br />
|TMG<br />
|Taemoigon<br />
|-<br />
|Asaji-Torimoshi<br />
|ATM<br />
|Saindzaul<br />
|-<br />
|Pewanari<br />
|PWN<br />
|Pewanari<br />
|-<br />
|Shiki-Sabullan<br />
|SLS<br />
|Sabullan<br />
|-<br />
|Sabullan<br />
|SBL<br />
|Sabullan<br />
|-<br />
|Niji-Shiratsuki<br />
|SRW<br />
|Shiratsuki<br />
|-<br />
|Hidano-Juwon<br />
|HDC<br />
|Hidano<br />
|-<br />
|Hajayatsu<br />
|HJY<br />
|Hajayatsu<br />
|-<br />
|Funoshoni<br />
|FSN<br />
|Funoshoni<br />
|-<br />
|Eriraul<br />
|ERL<br />
|Eriraul<br />
|-<br />
|Komishinan<br />
|KMN<br />
|Komishinan<br />
|-<br />
|Nappawa<br />
|NPW<br />
|Nappawa<br />
|-<br />
|Nugamochi<br />
|NGM<br />
|Nugamochi<br />
|-<br />
|Shin-Kichatsura Teba<br />
|SKC<br />
|Kichatsura<br />
|-<br />
|Samowake<br />
|SMK<br />
|Samowake<br />
|-<br />
|Nutsuno<br />
|NNO<br />
|Nutsuno<br />
|-<br />
|Deikomari<br />
|DKM<br />
|Deikomari<br />
|-<br />
|Jukandera<br />
|JKD<br />
|Jukandera<br />
|-<br />
|Sasatotsu<br />
|SST<br />
|Sasatotsu<br />
|-<br />
|Onnojaris<br />
|OJR<br />
|Onnojaris<br />
|-<br />
|Katayoshi Juwon<br />
|KYJ<br />
|Katayoshi<br />
|-<br />
|Honutsaki<br />
|HNT<br />
|Honutsaki<br />
|-<br />
|Arasano<br />
|ASN<br />
|Arasano<br />
|-<br />
|Rinōn<br />
|RNN<br />
|Rinōn<br />
|} <br />
<br />
===Subways===<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"<br />
|+Cities with Subway networks in Izaland<br />
!City<br />
!Number of lines<br />
!System Lenght<br />
!Stations number<br />
!Daily users<br />
!Data<br />
|-<br />
|Saindzaul<br />
|19<br />
|673.93 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Warohan<br />
|8<br />
|217.90 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Panaireki<br />
|8<br />
|193.81 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Kichatsura<br />
|4<br />
|93.47 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Sannupuri<br />
|4<br />
|107.59 km<br />
|<br />
|1.256.000<br />
|2020<br />
|-<br />
|Riyatoma<br />
|4<br />
|114.26 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Makkenoke<br />
|3<br />
|95.66 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Daishin<br />
|3<br />
|73.54 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Illashiya<br />
|2<br />
|46.90 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Riimibaiken<br />
|1<br />
|11.47 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Kanlisahna<br />
|2<br />
|71.35 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Sahnajima<br />
|2<br />
|29.95 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Shirukami<br />
|1<br />
|17.17 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Isadashi<br />
|2<br />
|48.17 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Nagareki<br />
|2<br />
|57.59 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Nugamochi<br />
|3<br />
|59.56 km <br />
|<br />
|300.000<br />
|2021<br />
|-<br />
|Pewanari<br />
|1<br />
|21.69 km<br />
|15<br />
|126.000<br />
|2021<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Road system ==<br />
<br />
== Aviation ==<br />
<br />
=== Airlines ===<br />
Izaland has two major airlines: '''Izaland Airlines''' ('''IZ'''), the flag carrier, and '''Uletha Eastern Airways''' ('''UE''').<br />
<br />
==== Izaland Airlines ====</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=Izaland&diff=20601Izaland2023-11-29T10:38:10Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: /* The Ðenzhū era (the warring provinces) */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infocard<br />
| name = Republic of Izaland<br />
| flag = Izaland flag.png<br />
| symbol = Hwihwa.svg<br />
| symbol_caption = The "hwihwa" rotating flower<br />
| native_name = 華邦共和國</br>Izaki Kyohwakuku<br />
| native_language = Izaki<br />
| capital = Sainðaul<br />
| population = 117,319,252<br />
| population_year = 2023<br />
| motto = 天ᒢ 𖬬ɭᐢ𖬧𖭐, 民ᒢ 𖬬ɭᐢ𖬧𖭐, 𖭑𖬨𐐢 団結𖬣ᐤ𖬭𖭐フ𖭑ɭ. / Asunas renshi, wikeris renshi, nahu dankes tokinne. (For heaven, for the people, we are united)<br />
| anthem = / 國𖭑𐐢𖬨ɭ, 天ᒢ 下ᐢ. / Askazhinuhe, asunas kaurin. (Our country, below the Heaven)<br />
| latitude = 37.727<br />
| longitude = 128.057<br />
| zoom = 5<br />
| relation = 66826<br />
| intro ='''The Republic of Izaland''' (華邦共和國, ''Izaki Kyohwakuku''), commonly referred as '''Izaland''' is a country in south-east [[Uletha]] occupying part of the continental landmass of Eastern Uletha and the whole island of Kubori (making part about the 20 % of the total 307,242.72 sq km of surface. The capital city is '''[[Sainðaul]]''' (also spelled '''Saindzaul'''), located across the [[Tandan Strait]]. Izaland's neighbor countries are [[Belphenia]] and [[Nuen]] to the east, UL28h, [[Sãikyel]], and [[Bloenland|Blönland]] to the north, and [[Pyokchin]] to the west, while the southern part protrudes into the the [[Sound of Pa]]. <br />
<br />
With nearly 118 million inhabitants, with a population density of 385 people per sq km, Izaland is one of the most densely populated nations, but most of the inhabitants live in the capital area (alone containing more than 22 million people) and in the bigger cities along Kubori island's western shore, such as Kichatsura, Panaireki and Warohan. Other major urban areas are Isadashi, about 100 km north from Sainðaul, Riyatoma, the main city of the central continental area, and Sannupuri, the largest port on the Gulf of Volta. <br />
<br />
Izaland is an economically advanced nation, with high standards of life and wealth, boosted by the miraculous economical growth accomplished by the nation after the World war. <br />
<br />
'''In Izaki (romanised)''': [[https://archive.org/details/izaland-introduction 👂 listen recording here]]<br><br />
'''Izaki kyohwakuku''', tsōntsī Izaki (ingerigounde ''Izaland''), dōnnan-Urezhūs askashi yora. Izaki, Kubori-hamas ðennyukus (haiyo myensheku ðenkukudo 306,710 km2-s juitte yaku 20% yori) suma, Urezhū tairikis ispunli wichi tora. Izakis shuto Tandan kaikyō toeyattu Sainðaul yutte, daini toshi nanbun paikusumu Warohan yora. Izakis rinkukūn, shikisankan Saikyel ta Byulenlanti ta UL28h, narisankan Belfenya ta Nuen, nijisankan Pekutsin, sebunte otsumisankan Pākutō yorahan. <br />
<br />
Zhinkumisto 1 peipō kilometuri noilke 385 zhin yutte, zhinku yaku 1 oku 1800 sen yohan paemōn, juminnis daibubun shutokwennen ta Warohan, Panaireki, Kichatsuras kihtoken Kubori-hamas saibun yohan nazae ōdan toshīn paera. <br />
Nazae juyo tan toshibūn, juwon dairikus Riyatoma ta Sainðullul yaku 100 km nantanke yon Isadashi, epagohte Volta-hannas tsaidais sāreotoka yon Sannupuri yorahan.<br />
<br />
''華邦共和邦''', 通称 「華邦」 (𖬒ᐡ𖬭𖬰𑃸𖬬ᛁ語𖬒𐐢ᐡ𖬮𖬰𑃸 ''𖬒ᛁ𖬖𖬰𖬠ᐡd''), 東南宇礼洲ᒢ 國 ꓩ𖬒𖬬𑃸. 華邦, 久保利島ᒢ 全域ᒢ (𖬨𖬒ᛁꓩ𖬒 面積全國土 306,710 km2-ᒢ 中ⲅ𖬮𑃸 約 20% ꓩ𖬒𖬬𑃸) 𖬖𐐢𖬊, 宇礼洲大陸ᒢ 一部ᐡ𖬠ᛁ 位置 𖬮ᐤ𖬬𑃸. 華邦ᒢ 首都 𖬮ᐡ𖬮𖬰ᐡ 海峡 𖬮ᐤ𖬒𑃸𐭘𖬒ᐡ 作安崎 ɿ𖬒ⲅ𖬮𑃸, 第二都市 南部ᐡ 𖬡𖬒ᛁ𖬭𐐢𖬖𐐢𖬊𐐢 深灣 ꓩ𖬒. 華邦ᒢ 隣国𖬒𐐢ᐡ, 北側ᐡ 𖬖𖬒ᛁꓶ𖬭ᘁ 𖬮 ɿ𖬇𖬰𖬈ɭᐢ𖬈ᐢ𖬁ᛁ 𖬮 𖬒𐐢ᘁ28H, 東側ᐡ 𖬡𖬰𑃸ᘁ𖬌𑃸𐭘𖭑 𖬮 𖭑𐐢𖬮ɭᐢ, 西側ᐡ 碧珍, 𖬖𑃸𖬡𖬰𐐢ᐡ𖬮𑃸 南側 𖬡𖬒海 ꓩ𖬒𖬬𑃸𖬨ᐡ. <br />
<br />
人口密度 1 𖬡𑃸ᛁ𖬡ᐤ𖬒ᐤ 𖬭ᛁ𖬠ᐤ𖬊𑃸𖬮𐐢𖬬ᛁ 𖭑ᐤ𖬒ᛁᘁ𖬭𑃸 385 人 ɿ𖬒ⲅ𖬮𑃸, 人口 約 118 𖬊ᐡ𖬮ᐤ𖬒ᐤᐡ ꓩ𖬒𖬬𑃸𖬨ᐡ 𖬡𖬒𑃸𖬊ᐤ𖬒ᐤᐡ, 住民𖭑ᛁᒢ 大部分 首都圏𖭑𑃸ᐡ 𖬮 深灣, 若浦, 亀茶裂ᒢ 𖬭ᛁh𖬮ᐤ𖬭𑃸ᐡ 久保利島ᒢ 西部ᐡ ꓩ𖬒𖬬𑃸𖬨ᐡ 𖭑𖬖𖬰𖬒𑃸 大ᐡ 都市𖬒ᛁᐡ 𖬡𖬒𑃸𖬬𑃸. <br />
𖭑𖬖𖬰𖬒𑃸 重要 他ᐡ 都市部𖬒𐐢ᐡ, 中央 大陸ᒢ 追庥 𖬮 作安崎𖬠𐐢ᘁ 約100 km 𖭑ᐡ𖬮ᐡ𖬭𑃸 ꓩ𖬒ᐡ 安村, 𖬒𑃸𖬡𖬭𖬰ᐤh𖬮𑃸 𖬌𖬰ᐤᘁ𖬮-灣𖭑ᒢ 最大ᒢ 港町 ꓩ𖬒ᐡ 乾山 ꓩ𖬒𖬬𑃸𖬨ᐡ.<br />
}}<br />
==History==<br />
{{Infobox history<br />
| name = Izaland<br />
| era_A = Kōmun Era</br>甲文時代)<br />
| era_A_dates = until year 75 AD<br />
| event_A1 =<br />
| dates_A1 =<br />
| event_A2 =<br />
| dates_A2 =<br />
| event_A3 =<br />
| dates_A3 =<br />
| event_A4 =<br />
| dates_A4 =<br />
| era_B = Busshō Era </br>仏照時代<br />
| era_B_dates = 75 - 453<br />
| event_B1 =<br />
| dates_B1 =<br />
| event_B2 =<br />
| dates_B2 =<br />
| event_B3 =<br />
| dates_B3 =<br />
| event_B4 =<br />
| dates_B4 =<br />
| era_C = Kanaskashi Era </br>二國時代<br />
| era_C_dates = 453 - 1178<br />
| event_C1 =<br />
| dates_C1 =<br />
| event_C2 =<br />
| dates_C2 =<br />
| event_C3 =<br />
| dates_C3 =<br />
| event_C4 =<br />
| dates_C4 =<br />
| era_D = Ðenzhū Era </br全州時代<br />
| era_D_dates = 1178 - 1281<br />
| dates_D1 =<br />
}}<br />
The history of Izaland is still in progress and the following information might change in the future according to the development of other nations in Eastern Uletha.<br />
<br />
=== Prehistory ===<br />
Izaland is believed to have been settled since 50,000 BC, with migrations of settlers from western Uletha. The presence of tall mountain ranges in the central-northern part of the territory has meant that, until relatively modern times, the contacts between the populations of the north, and those of the south, were sporadic, and limited to feeble commercial exchanges.<br />
<br />
The earliest populations were initially hunters and gatherers, and tended to settle along the great rivers of the central highlands, which offered environments rich in provisions and able to allow the continuity of the first communities. Often it was a matter of nomadic aggregations, which moved together with the animals that allowed their sustenance. The first agricultural techniques, spread from the west around the 13th century BC, allowed the improvement of the yield of crops, and the trade in rice, soybeans and other cereals led to the birth of the first cities and the first semi-organized communities.<br />
<br />
The first urban centers in the north of the country were governed by a central family, who managed the administration relying on a series of senior councilors, as well as seers (called ''akeru'', or ''ikoru''), often represented by the elderly women of the village, who were believed were closest to the gods and spirits of nature.<br />
<br />
A system in force in present-day western Izaland was that of the ''rindokareri'' in which a certain number of advisers and seers were exchanged between some allied villages, with the aim of providing more genuine data and predictions unrelated to possible elements of corruption or favors to certain inhabitants of a village.<br />
<br />
=== 1st to 8th century - The prominence of Illashun and Sopeke kingdoms ===<br />
[[File:Emperor Montoku.jpg|thumb|left|250x250px|King Tainal II of Sopeke (1013? - 1078) ]]<br />
Around the year 0 the territory that currently corresponds to Izaland was divided into a large number of small non-centralized entities, with the exception of two kingdoms that were gradually starting to stand out in the local landscape: the '''Kingdom of Illashun''' (院良春王国, with its center in the current city of [Https://opengeofiction.net/#map=14/35.7283/128.3254&layers=B Illashiya]), and the '''Kingdom of Sopeke''' (岨坪畍王国), located where the prefectures of Riyatoma and Makkenoke are now located, in the center of the continental area of Izaland. <br />
<br />
The first trade between the two nations began to develop starting from the year 75 AD, when some inscriptions found in the historical site of Haketono (横榁) suggest that the diplomatic mission by '''Prince Kukeyatan Urevi''' had taken place who, from Illashun, went with a mighty escort, exploring to the north. This allowed the Illashun Kingdom to establish the first diplomatic relations with '''King Tainal II''' of Sopeke.<br />
<br />
The two kingdoms experienced a certain period of peaceful coexistence and the main products of exchange were amber from the north and food products from the south.<br />
<br />
However, around the 1st century AD, traders from the Nihonese homeland and the Bai Empire started to establish trading ports and coastal towns on the Ashin (Axian) Peninsula, resulting in strong Bai and Nihonese influences on the local cultures. After '''the Great Unification''' between the kingdoms of Illashun and Sopeke ('''1178''') , the newly established '''Kingdom of Sopeshun''' rose into prominence around the 3rd century AD, and dominated most of Kubori Island and the Izaki mainland until its collapse in the 8th century. The Sopeshun Kingdom attempted several times to subdue the southern Kubori tribes to secure control of the coastal ports; the tribes instead unified to establish the rival '''Ipseris Federation''' that would remain outside Sopeshun control. With the fragmentation of the Sopeshun Kingdom, the Kubori King launched its conquests over the Izaki mainland. <br />
<br />
=== The Ðenzhū era (the warring provinces) ===<br />
<br />
==== 9th century to 13th century - The Awangusain Dinasty ====<br />
Until the 13th century, the new kingdom became the dominant power on the Axian Peninsula, with further expansion into Belphenia and surrounding states, making it - de facto - an Empire (made official with the Kyentei Law, in 1281). Ushering Izaland's golden age, especially during the rule of Emperor Haraba the Awangusain Kingdom controlled trade and established a network of tributary states in the region, strengthening relations with UL30c and the Kojolese tribes, such as the Yochomryi. <br />
<br />
The '''Sanbakai conflict''' (三馬懐紛争) (1298-1302) marked the end of the Awangusain Empire, turning it back to a weakened Kingdom. The Kubori islanders began to rebel against the Awangusain government due to opposition to increased taxation and the empire's failures to address the repeated floods and droughts. The merchants of the Bai Suo Dynasty took this opportunity to aid the rebels and overthrow the Awangusain Kingdom and, in 1302, '''Takihasu Mitsuburi''', an eminent merchant originally from the Itakiri archipelago, enriched by his trading fleets which had contributed to bringing wealth both to the coffers of Awangusain and to those of other trading partners in the region, with his skilled diplomacy he obtained the role as a regional inspector for the southern part of Kubori from the Suo Dynasty. In 1312 he obtained the title of King, and took the name of '''King Chōdae I''' (朝廼一世).<br />
<br />
=== 13th century to 1xxx - The Nakai Kingdom, rise and collapse ===<br />
The subsequent Nakai Kingdom (奈堺王国, from the name of the Royal Palace built in Warohan) was effectively a Suo protectorate, with Bai merchants granted concessions and privileges to dominate trade in the region. Under Bai's control, the coastal cities of Warohan, Daishin, Kanlisahna, and Kokendake (the former name of Sainðaul) expanded rapidly, as the Suo sought to install its own fleet to protect its possessions in the region. <br />
<br />
Following the Suo's collapse, the Nakai Kingdom, for a brief period, became effectively independent from Bai control. The Nakai, along with Belphenia, Kojo and Pasundan, competed to take control of Bai's possessions in the Axian Peninsula, along with western Ulethan powers seeking colonisation opportunities in the region. The Nakai fell under the influence of Ulethan powers for the remainder of its existence, impacting local culture and customs. <br />
<br />
=== 19th century, the first attempts of a Republic, and a still divided country ===<br />
[[File:Tōto Meisho - Shibai-chō Hanei no Zu.jpg|thumb|The first stages of industrialization]]<br />
With industrialization in the 19th century, the emergence of a working class led to several social problems that the Nakai monarchy was unable to deal with. Ideals of a democratic republic began to spread in Izaland, with Kojo's and Belphenia's transformation into a unitary republic and Bai's constitutional monarchy. Dissatisfaction with Ulethan overlordship led to a few rebellions, until the 1877 Panaireki Revolution that brought an end to the Nakai Kingdom.<br />
<br />
The new Izaki Republic, however, soon split apart with the Republic of Kubori declaring independence over cultural and political differences between Kubori and the mainland. The Izaki Republic was brief, however, as its president took the breakaway as an excuse to amass executive powers and declared himself Emperor soon after. During the early 20th century, Kubori and Izaland waged a series of low-scale conflicts especially over the control of Saindaul. Kubori collapsed into a civil war between socialists and pro-democratic factions upon the death of its statesman. The Izaki Kingdom took this opportunity to seize control of Kubori and successfully annexed the island in 1934. <br />
<br />
=== Later 20th century ===<br />
Until the 50s, Izaland remained a totalitarian state, when King Cherusoi III (彦愈三世, ''cherusoi sanse'') began a series of democratic reforms, which halted briefly when a faction launched a coup and assassinated the Izaki King, igniting the the New Foundation Revolution (新建國革明, ''shin-kyenkuku kakumyei'') that eventually brought an end to the Izaki Kingdom and the establishment of the modern republic through a popular referendum held on 23 September 195x.<br />
<br />
==== Blönnish invasion ====<br />
[TBA]<br />
<br />
==Geography - 地形==<br />
{{Infobox geography<br />
| name = Izaland<br />
| continent = Uletha (South-Eastern)<br />
| region = Axian peninsular<br />
| population = 117,319,252<br />
| population_year = 2023<br />
| area_km2 = 307,973.48<br />
| area_sq_mi = 118,627<br />
| percent_water = TBA<br />
| density_km2 = 383.6<br />
| density_sq_mi = 1,395.24<br />
| custom_label1 = Major rivers<br />
| custom1 = Shinkōsari, Nozaba, Zaan, Kyunida<br />
| custom_label2 = Major lakes<br />
| custom2 = Satsohonu, Usumūn, Irinoen <br />
| custom_label3 = Highest peaks<br />
| custom3 = Mt. Torahashi - 5178 m<br />
| time_zone = WUT+8:00 (IST)<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Izaland climates 4 zones.png|300px|left]]<br />
Izaland is located in the south-east [[Uletha]], extending for about 306 thousands sq kilometers, following roughly the shape of a "T". Nearly the 78% of Izaland extension is contained into the Uletha continent, while the remaining territory is distributed on the islands of Kubori and those making the Itakiri Prefecture. Kubori island, one of the largest in Uletha, extends for about 62,000 sq km. The capital city, Sainðaul has the original center within the continental area, but it naturally expanded across the Tandan Strait, including the former city of Nikabul.<br />
<br />
From a geographical point of view, we can divide the country into four macro-areas:<br />
# In <span style="color:#00ACD5">'''the northern part'''</span> of Izaland, the Yenkaido prefecture boasts long sandy coastlines along its picturesque shores. This scenic coastal region offers stunning views and is a popular destination for seafood lovers and nature enthusiasts.<br />
Within the Yenkaido prefecture lies the Rukatui National Park, known for its breathtaking caldera lakes. These stunning lakes, formed within volcanic craters, create a mesmerizing landscape. One notable feature is the isolated Wannepetsi volcano, standing tall at an elevation of 1761 meters. Its majestic presence adds to the allure of the national park and attracts adventurers and hikers.<br />
<br />
Moving further east, the expansive Sonzhin plain unfolds, characterized by its vast open spaces and natural beauty. This region is home to two large bodies of water, namely Lake Mattomi and Lake Usumuun. Lake Mattomi offers tranquil surroundings and serves as a serene retreat for visitors seeking peace and tranquility. Lake Usumuun, on the other hand, is partially shared with Belphenia, another neighboring country, adding a unique international dimension to its allure.<br />
To the east of the Sonzhin plain, the East River Kyunida marks the border with Nuen. This river not only demarcates the boundary between the two countries but also serves as a significant geographical feature in the region.<br />
<br />
The northern part of Izaland, also the lowest densely populated region, presents a diverse and captivating landscape, encompassing wild coastlines, volcanic wonders, expansive plains, and shimmering lakes. It offers a range of outdoor activities and scenic spots for locals and visitors to explore and enjoy.<br />
<br />
# <span style="color:#34C972">'''The central part'''</span>, a plain that extends diagonally from north-west to south-east for about 600 km, bordered to the north by the northern mountain range. This area sees the population concentrated in several medium-large urban centers, including Riyatoma, Makkenoke and Poridake, besides numerous mid-sized cities, each with a population of around 200,000 inhabitants. These urban centers form the heart of the country, bustling with activity, cultural diversity, and economic vitality. Due to the distance from the coasts, this area experiences a temperate continental climate, which causes hot summers and cold winters.<br />
To the north of the central region lies the border with Blönland, a Germanic-speaking nation. This border is demarcated by the towering peaks of the highest mountains in Eastern Uletha. Among these majestic peaks stands Mount Torahashi, reaching a towering height of 5,187 meters. Revered as one of the symbols of Izaland, these mountains are not only awe-inspiring but also serve as the source of countless rivers that flow through the region. The area is dotted with magnificent glaciers and national parks, showcasing the unspoiled beauty of nature.<br />
<br />
In the northwest, where the central part meets Pyeokchin, lies the remarkable Wenchogwon marshland. This expansive marshland is renowned as an important bird migration route. Thousands of ospreys, cranes, marsh wrens, ibises, and various other bird species grace the area during their seasonal journeys. The marshland's origin can be traced back to an ancient lake that once occupied the region, with the Shinkōsari River serving as a testament to its legacy.<br />
<br />
Nestled between the cities of Fukuoka, Ārikkotsawa, and Rinnajin, the Kajurahi Mountains stand as another notable feature of the central region. This massif is a geological marvel, offering picturesque landscapes and serving as the nearest mountain resort to the capital city. The Kajurahi Mountains provide opportunities for outdoor enthusiasts to engage in activities such as hiking, skiing, and exploring the natural wonders of Izaland.<br />
<br />
The central part of Izaland embodies the dynamic fusion of urban development and natural grandeur. It is a region that harmoniously blends the energy of thriving cities, the majesty of mountainous landscapes, the allure of bird-filled marshlands, and the tranquility of mountain resorts.<br />
<br />
# <span style="color:#FFCD00">'''The coastal area'''</span>, which extends in the southern part of the Ulethian area, and along the coasts of the island of Kubori. The climate varies from coastal temperate to subtropical temperate. This area is prone to monsoon disturbances coming from the south-east.<br />
# <span style="color:#FE8127">'''The southern coasts of Kubori and the smaller islands'''</span>, whose characteristics are found in a subtropical climate with a strong presence of seasonal rainfall.<br />
<br />
<gallery><br />
%E5%8C%97%E8%A6%8B%E7%A5%9E%E5%A8%81%E5%B2%AC_%E7%A5%9E%E5%A8%81%E5%B2%AC%E5%85%AC%E5%9C%92_%E3%82%88%E3%82%8AP6260503.jpg|The northern coast on the Gulf of Volta<br />
Kottaro_situgen_2009.jpg|The vast marshland of Wenchogon working as a separation between Izaland and UL31c<br />
Marmolata.JPG|Glaciers on the top mountains of the northern range.<br />
Puszta_nächst_der_Langen_Lacke_im_Seewinkel_sl7.jpg|The vast farmlands in the eastern region<br />
View_of_Katetsu_cove_from_nearby_Manen-zaki.jpg|A tropical scenery of Itakiri Prefecture<br />
Yakushima_Mitake.jpg|Forest cover in the middle part of Kubori<br />
File:大崎上島.jpg|View on the Bonhama Naekai, the inner sea between the continental Western coast and Kubori Island<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
===Islands - 島系===<br />
[[File:Okushiri Horonai Dodo39.JPG|300px|thumb|The island of Shirituku, in the north]]<br />
[[File:Mangrove_swamp,_Iriomote_Island,_Okinawa,_Japan.jpg|300px|thumb|A mangrove forest on Oingos Island, Itakiri archipelago]]<br />
As already stated, Kubori island makes up nearly the 20% of national territory, and has a regular rectangular shape with a depression on the western side, where Panaireki Bay is located. Most of the settlements are located along the western coast, with the inner area almost unspoiled and still covered by subtropical forests, especially farther south. <br />
The south-western part of Kubori island has an intricate system of peninsulas, pointing at the Itakiri Islands.<br />
<br />
The Itakiri archipelago is mainly made up by three subtropical island groups: <br />
* The '''Sāndaidō Archipelago''' (双大島諸島, ''Sāndaidō tsodō''), comprising the largest island in the north, '''Itakiri''', '''Bikuore''', '''Oingos''', '''Luminoe''' and '''Yeron''', plus other minor islands;<br />
* The '''Kōmuvai Archipelago''' (---諸島, ''Kōmuvai tsodō''), made up by the little islands of '''Katohawa''', '''Sānpelui''' and '''Imonatu''', the southernmost point of Izaland, placed about 45 km south from Oingos;<br />
* The '''Ogamoton Archipelago''' (---諸島, ''Ogamoton tsodō''), formed by '''Ogamoton''', '''Zodovaku''', and other islands, including '''Gifawonna'''<br />
<br />
Most of the territory is occupied by the , and the islands of Itakiri and Bikuore, both exceeding 1,000 square kilometers are the main economical centers of the prefecture. The largest cities are located on these islands, including Sagoma, the capital, and Ketserano (both them on Itakiri), with Atsujīl and Kikknās being the other two biggest cities on Bikuore.<br />
<br />
The Sāndaidō Archipelago alone is the vastest among them, and the two main islands are Itakiri and Bikuore, both exceeding 1,000 square kilometers. They have a volcanic origin, and some active volcanos are still present, for example '''Mount Gusomeki''' (3421 m) on Oingos, and '''Mount Eikenjawi''' (2287 m), on eastern Itakiri. Other notable volcanic islands are Oingos and Luminoe. <br />
Besides volcanic islands, there are many coral islands, and in Itakiri the two rare only atoll formations of Izaland are located: Saðuren atoll, and Nukusabo atoll complex (famous for the Heaven Lagoon surrounding the main island within the reef). This precious ecosystem is in danger due to the erosion.<br />
<br />
On the south-east of Kubori Island the land extends into the Kaiton Peninsula, pointing south. Off shore, another archipelago of islands, including Basotachi and Ogamoton extends.<br />
Izaland has over 400 among islands and inlets, mostly near the coastline, with some exceptions. <br />
Most of the biggest islands are comprised within Itakiri Prefecture, where [[Itakiri]] and [[Kahadu]] islands are the largest ones, each about 1,100 square kilometers wide. <br />
Itakiri, Kahadu and the nearby islands are volcanic islands and, despite the limited landmass, they have some peaks exceeding 3000 m. <br />
<br />
Other notable islands are Oingos and [[Ogamoton]], still in Itakiri, and Nurihara, making up Midōhinnan Prefecture. <br />
As a notable geomorphological feature, the westernmost point of Izaland is the volcanic island of [[Tsohana]], connected with Kubori island by an isthmus.<br />
<br />
The Tandan Strait, accross of which the capital is located, is also home to many smaller islands. Since they are located close to the coastline in a highly densely populated area, often they are linked with bridges or tunnels to the mainland. Other island located in sea are Fuendaru, Sumasai and Tekirunan. <br />
<br />
Finally, Yenkaidō Prefecture, in the north, also a couple of major islands, Shirituku and TBD island.<br />
<br />
===Rivers - 河川===<br />
[To be updated]<br />
The main rivers of Kubori island are the '''Zaan''' (蓙杏河, ''Zaan sāri'') flowing for 315 km in the south-western part of Kubori island. The river starts in the Jogare mountains, and its estuary is located where the city of Warohan expands. Other notable rivers in Kubori islands are the '''Nozaba''' (濃沙芭河, ''Nozaba sāri'') (182 km) and the '''Kankayue''' (巻嘉巍河, ''Kankayue sāri'') (218 km).<br />
<br />
===Mountains - 山脈===<br />
[[File:Ama Dablam.jpg|400px|thumb|[https://opengeofiction.net/node/256811924 Mount Torahashi], the highest peak of Izaland and Eastern Uletha]]<br />
The mountainous reliefs account for about 40% of the surface of Izaland, and are distributed over almost the whole of the island of Kubori, and in the central and northern parts of the continental sector.<br />
<br />
The main mountain range is that of the TBD mountains, located between Izaland and the republic of Sanain. These mountains culminate in peaks that reach 5000 m, among which we can mention '''Mount Torahashi''' (5189 m) and the '''Peak Mamuhun''' (5077 m), the highest peaks in eastern Uletha.<br />
<br />
The TBD mountain range, after having demarcated the border with Teberia, and the republic of Sanain, near the Daityenguku National Park it forks, continuing along the border with and UL28f on one side, and marking the geographical division between the prefecture of Yenkaido to the north, and the rest of the continental part to the south. This mountainous section, called the Nokonupuri Mountains (in the Aynu Itak language means "saw-shaped mountains"), which reaches 3200 m in height in the west and gradually degrades to the east, prevents the cold northerly winds from reaching the southern part of Izaland, thus creating a clear climatic division between the north and south of the country.<br />
<br />
Around the Usumun lake, in the eastern part of Izaland, there is another smaller mountain massif, that of the Jakumiwa mountains. The main peak is Mount Turigas, 2657 meters high.<br />
<br />
==Climate==<br />
Thanks to the privileged position, and the north-south extension of the country, Izaland enjoys different climates, from the alpine to the tropical one. Most of the population lives in a humid subtropical climate area, with a distinctive distribution on the western coast of the island of Kubori, and the plains placed in the center - western part of the Ulethan side. The average temperature in the capital, Sainðaul, is around 20,5 °C, with maximum average of 30°C and minimum average of 12°C<br />
<br />
The climate zone can be roughly divided into three zones: the northern area, close to the Aigan Mountain Range, including 5000 m high peaks, sees continental to alpine climate. This area sees frequent snowfall between December to early March. <br />
Moving to the area around the capital, the climate shifts to humid subtropical, with long hot summers, cool winters, and summer peak to annual precipitation.<br />
On the south-western tip of the insular part of the country, the subtropical climate has some tropical characteristics, while the south-east and the east coast has a tropical monsoon climate, with a wet season from May to October, a dry season from November to April, and consistently very warm to hot temperatures with high humidity.<br />
<br />
Ogamoton , Sānpelui and Kotohawa islands, in the south, have a lowest temperatures which never go below 15°C even during the winter, making them an international holiday resort, especially famous for diving and leisure sports.<br />
<br />
==Demographics==<br />
{{Infobox demography<br />
| name = Izaland<br />
| demonym = Izaki<br />
| official_languages = Izaki<br />
| minority_languages = Aynu Itak, Konbaki, Eituus<br />
| ethnicity_bars = {{bar percent|Izaki|blue|92.1}}{{bar percent|Other Ulethan|cornflowerblue|4.5}}{{bar percent|Northern Archantan|gold|2.5}}{{bar percent|Other|black|0.9}}<br />
| religion_bars = {{bar percent|Peritan Christicism|blue|43.4}}{{bar percent|Budicism|red|28.3}}{{bar percent|Other|orange|2.1}}{{bar percent|Irreligious|gray|21.2}}<br />
| literacy = {{steady}} 100%<br />
| life_expectancy = {{steady}} 81.6 (male)<br /> {{decrease}} 86.3 (female)<br />
}}<br />
Izaland boasts a population of over 117 million inhabitants. This substantial number places Izaland among the most densely populated nations in the region, with approximately 385 people per square kilometer. Remarkably, despite its density, certain areas, such as the vast inner regions of Kubori Island and the northeastern continental area, remain relatively untouched by intensive urban development.<br />
<br />
The vast majority, 92.1%, of the population identifies as members of the Izaki ethnicity, forming the cultural backbone of the nation. The remaining 7.9% comprises a vibrant community of immigrants, hailing primarily from neighboring Axian countries like UL30c, and Northern Archanta. Additionally, expats from other Ulethan nations such as Belphenia, Kojo, Pyokchin and Saikyel have also contributed to Izaland's recent cultural diversity.<br />
<br />
Urbanization has played a significant role in shaping Izaland's demographic landscape. A considerable 83.2% of the population resides in urban centers, drawn to major economic hubs that have thrived since the early days of industrialization. This trend continues to attract young individuals from rural areas seeking opportunities in these bustling metropolises.<br />
<br />
===Growth rate and fertility===<br />
The demographic landscape of Izaland is undergoing significant changes, characterized by an aging population and increased life expectancy due to advancements in medical care. Additionally, the nation has experienced a rise in immigration. Despite the population boom that followed the Great War, the country is facing a challenge with extremely low population growth, primarily due to a low birth rate. In 2009, Izaland recorded the lowest absolute population growth since 1900.<br />
<br />
The Izaki population experienced significant growth in the 1960s, with peak growth rates ranging from 5.5% to 11.3% per year. However, over time, this growth rate gradually declined, reaching a near-static -0.09% in 2009. The nation faced challenges due to low fertility rates and an increasingly aging population, resulting in an imbalance.<br />
<br />
These demographic developments have far-reaching implications for health care and social security policies. As the Izaki population continues to age, the proportion of people of working age in relation to the overall population is declining. This trend poses challenges to the current system of old-age pensions, as fewer people contribute to the system while there are more recipients. Moreover, the anticipated increase in health care costs further compounds the situation.<br />
<br />
In response to these challenges, the National Statistics Office of Izaland has highlighted the need for reform in health care and social security systems.<br />
To address this demographic challenge, the Government,particularly the Araigaji cabinet, initiated measures to support young families by improving their welfare conditions. Additionally, efforts were made to attract quality migration from other developing countries. These policies started yielding results from the mid-2010s, leading to a timid but noteworthy increase in the population growth rate to 0.82% in recent years.<br />
<br />
Policy reforms are being implemented to address these issues, aiming to incentivize more people to join the labor market and create a greater awareness of health care spending.<br />
The focus on welfare and strategic migration has proven essential in reshaping Izaland's demographic landscape, allowing the nation to sustain a more balanced and dynamic population growth trend in the face of demographic changes. <br />
<br />
===Family composition===<br />
Izaland underwent significant demographic and economic transformations before and after the Great War, leaving a profound impact on Izaki families. During this period, families became smaller, with the average number of persons per family dropping from 4.1 in 1940 to 2.5 by 1968. While family composition remained relatively stable over the quarter-century, there were notable percentages in various family types. In 1975, 24.4% of families consisted of a man and a woman, 61.9% of a couple with children, 11.8% of a woman with offspring, and 1.9% of a man with offspring.<br />
<br />
One significant change was observed in the number of children per family, which declined from an average of 3.43 in 1950 to 2.9 in the mid-1980s. Large families became rare, as only 3% of families had four or more children. On the other hand, 47% of families had one child, 44% had two children, and 6% had three children.<br />
<br />
The impact of these demographic shifts was evident in the number of Izaki individuals under the age of 18, which decreased from 39 million in 1960 to 17.3 million in 1980. These changes in family size and composition have contributed to shaping the social fabric of Izaland and have implications for future demographic trends and policies.<br />
<br />
===List of common Izaki surnames===<br />
In Izaland, the majority of surnames are crafted from two Bai characters, often imbued with meanings tied to geography or professions. With a repertoire of over 182,000 family names, Izaland boasts a diverse array of surnames that are widely dispersed across the nation. Among them, the most prevalent ones, such as Hansai and Samosāri, name about one million individuals each.<br />
<br />
Notably, around 1/6 of the population also possesses a middle family name, traditionally formed from a single character, a historical vestige of connections with the southern Kingdoms of Bai. Among these middle names, some of the most common ones include 金 (Kin), 李 (Rī), 百 (Pyaku), 陣 (Zhin), 張 (Chō), 福 (Fuku), 宮 (Kūn), among others. This rich tapestry of surnames reflects the intricate cultural heritage and historical influences that have shaped Izaki society.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"<br />
|-<br />
! Rank !! Name !! Askaoza !! Romanization !! Estimated number (2020) !! Occupation rate (%)<br />
|-<br />
| 1||飯斎 || 𖬨ᐢ𖬖ᐟ𖭐|| Hansai || 1,129,990 || 0.96<br />
|-<br />
| 2|| 山川 || 𖬖𖬊ᐤ𖬖։𖬬𖭐|| Samosāri || 1,092,229 || 0.93<br />
|-<br />
| 3|| 船造 || 𖬭ᐢ𖬈𖭐𖬖ᐤ𖬊|| Kanlisoma || 928,002 || 0.79<br />
|-<br />
| 4|| 田中|| 𖬬𖬒𖭐𖬡𖬰𐐢|| Raibu || 919,220 || 0.78<br />
|-<br />
| 5|| 大木|| 𖬒ᐤ։𖬣𖬰𖬖ꓩ𖬮|| Ōdasayo || 857,229|| 0.73<br />
|-<br />
| 6|| 森見 || 𖬑𐩬𖬒𖭑ᐤ|| Tsawano || 843,002 || 0.72<br />
|-<br />
| 7|| 鹿田 || 𖬣ᐤフ𖬣ᐢ𖬨ᥫ𖬬|| Tottanheira || 728,229|| 0.62<br />
|-<br />
| 8|| 神仕 || 𖬨𖭑ᦴ𖬬𖭑|| Hanuirana|| 701,992|| 0.59<br />
|-<br />
| 9|| 賈網|| 𖭑𐐢𖬣𖬖𖬰ᐤ𖭐|| Nutazoi || 629,220|| 0.53<br />
|-<br />
| 10|| 西村 || 𖭑𖭐𖬥𖬰𖭐𖭑𖬣|| Nijinata|| 402,339|| 0.34<br />
|-<br />
| 11|| 島人 || 𖬨𖬊𖬣ᐤ|| Hamato || 381,002|| 0.32<br />
|-<br />
| 12|| 長崎 || 𖬬ɭ𖬭𖬰ɭ𐐢ᐡ|| Regeul || 352,997|| 0.30<br />
|-<br />
| 13|| 鍛冶 || 𖬖ᐟ𖭐フ𖬭ɭᒢ|| Saikkes || 312,002|| 0.29<br />
|-<br />
| 14|| 平 || 𖬊フ𖬭ᥫ || Makkei|| 282,002|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
to be continued<br />
<br />
===Ethnicity===<br />
It is difficult to trace a genetic profile of the Izanish race, as since the dawn of time there has been a profound mixture of different ethnic groups, both Uletian and Arcanthic. Physiognomically, Izanish people's face appears to be of an oriental type, with dark hair, black almond-shaped eyes and a slightly pronounced nose. However, there is no lack of genotypes belonging to more Western races, such as lighter colored eyes (ocher, olive green and, very rarely, blue) and hair tending to brown.<br />
<br />
Tracing a precise genetic profile of the Izaniki ethnicity poses a challenge, given the deep historical amalgamation of diverse ethnic groups, both from Uletian and Archantan origins. Physiognomically, Izaniki individuals typically exhibit facial features reminiscent of oriental or North-Archantan descent, characterized by dark hair, black almond-shaped eyes, and a slightly pronounced nose.<br />
<br />
Nevertheless, the genetic diversity extends to include genotypes associated with Western races, such as lighter-colored eyes in shades of ocher, olive green, and, on rare occasions, blue, along with hair shades tending towards brown. This intriguing blend is particularly observable in the northern regions, where frequent interactions with Kalmish populations have taken place in recent history.<br />
<br />
Despite these influences, Izaland's geographical isolation, framed by surrounding mountains and the sea, has largely contributed to maintaining relatively uniform somatic tracts throughout the nation's history. <br />
<br />
===Urban planning===<br />
A characteristic of the territorial development of Izaki urban centers lies in the fact that, compared to other nations, there are few small isolated villages, while the number of large and medium-sized cities is greater. This is due not only to a greater ease in the distribution of goods, but also to the ancient philosophy of "''jiyenchohwashisān''" (自然調和思想), or "thought of harmony with nature", drawn up from the 5th century BC by the Taemasa dynasty.<br />
<br />
This method of land planning was based on both scientific and astrological criteria, and the positioning of towns and villages was well defined. As the Taemasa dynasty aggregated, through conquests, new territories that had independently developed their regional urban planning, it came, in certain cases, to relocate entire villages, if they did not respect the precepts of the "''jiyenchohwashisān''".<br />
<br />
Although urban planning is still based on modern criteria, the ministry of the environment keeps a careful eye in order to avoid land consumption in the territory.<br />
<br />
==Government - 政府==<br />
{{Infobox government<br />
| name = Izaland<br />
| government_type = Parliamentary republic<br />
| capital = [[Sainðaul]]<br />
| title1 = President<br />
| hos1 = Irokki Shinsayamo<br />
| title2 = Prime Minister<br />
| hos2 = Tariki Tara<br />
| title3 = Ministry of Justice<br />
| hos3 = Yukki Uitanma<br />
| legislature = National Assembly (國會議事堂)<br />
| upper_house = Daiwiwinkwi</br>(代議員會)<br />
| upper_house_diagram = Izaland political party.svg<br />
| lower_house = Gwannowin (元老院)<br />
| lower_house_diagram = <br />
| judiciary = Supreme Court of Izaland<br />
| custom_label1 = <br />
| custom1 =<br />
| political_parties = {{legend|#276FE3|Minjudān</br>民主党: 251 seats}} {{legend|#27D888|Shinhwadān</br>新華党: 174 seats}} {{legend|#FA2CC6|Tsinkukudān</br>進國党: 39 seats}} {{legend|#6893D8|Ankukukwi</br>安國會: 28 seats}} {{legend|#FF0000|Izaland Communist Party</br>華邦共産党: 22 seats}} {{legend|#824E4B|Gonshutai</br>厳手隊: 16 seats}}<br />
| international_orgs = AN, IWO, EUOIA, ASUN (observer)<br />
}}<br />
===Administrative Divisions and cities===<br />
See ''[[Administrative divisions of Izaland]]''<br />
===State system===<br />
;Type of Government: Parliamentary Republic<br />
Izaland is a parliamentary republic. Executive power is mainly entrusted to the government, headed by the prime minister. National security affairs are divided between the president and the prime minister. The government shares responsibility for foreign affairs with the president.<br />
Legislative power is exercised collectively by the Chamber of Deputies (代議員會, ''Daiwiwinkwi'') and the Senate (元老院, ''Gwannowin'') which together constitute the National Assembly (國會議事堂, ''Kukkaiwishidān''). The chamber has 530 members, the Senate 208. Both chambers are renovated every five years.<br />
<br />
;Executive Power:<br />
# Mainly entrusted to the government, led by the Prime Minister (Tariki Tara).<br />
# National security affairs are divided between the President and the Prime Minister.<br />
# The government shares responsibility for foreign affairs with the President.<br />
<br />
;Legislative Power:<br />
Legislative initiative rests with deputies, senators and the Council of Ministers.<br />
<br />
# Exercised collectively by the Chamber of Deputies ("Daiwiwinkwi") and the Senate ("Gwannowin"), together forming the National Assembly ("Kukkaiwishidān").<br />
# The Chamber of Deputies consists of 530 members, and the Senate has 208 members.<br />
# Both chambers are renewed every five years.<br />
# Legislative initiatives can be proposed by deputies, senators, and the Council of Ministers.<br />
<br />
; Executive Power:<br />
Executive power is exercised by the Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers. The President of the Republic appoints the Prime Minister and, upon his proposal, the ministers. The Council of Ministers must obtain the confidence of the Chamber of Deputies.<br />
<br />
# Exercised by the Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers.<br />
# The President of the Republic appoints the Prime Minister and the ministers, based on the Prime Minister's proposal.<br />
# The Council of Ministers must obtain the confidence of the Chamber of Deputies ("Ryenlisseikon").<br />
<br />
; President of the Republic:<br />
The President of the Republic (大統領, "Daitsōnlyān") is the head of State of Izaland. He or she is elected by direct suffrage every five years, and is the commander-in-chief of the Izaki Self-Defense Forces and chairs the High Council of the Judiciary.<br />
A citizen who has reached the age of 30 can be elected president. He is also involved in foreign policy and national defense.<br />
The President of Izaland assumes office by taking an oath before the Izaki Parliament and delivering a presidential address.<br />
The President's term lasts for five years, ensuring that no officeholder can be reelected by the same houses, which have a six-year mandate. This provision grants some freedom from excessive political ties to the appointing body. The President's term may end due to voluntary resignation, death while in office, permanent disability resulting from severe illness, or dismissal for crimes of high treason or an attack on the Constitution, as happened in 1983 with the Tsawano Impeachment case.<br />
<br />
# Elected by direct suffrage every five years.<br />
# Eligible candidates must be citizens who have reached the age of 30.<br />
# Involved in foreign policy and national defense.<br />
<br />
;Judiciary:<br />
The judiciary is represented by the Supreme Court (最高裁判院, ''Tsaikosaipannwin''), composed of judges appointed by the President of the Republic under the recommendation of the National Council of the Judiciary for an indefinite period, and by the Constitutional Court (憲法裁判院, ''Kenpōsaipannwin''), composed of 28 judges chosen by the Chamber of Deputies for a six-year term.<br />
<br />
# Represented by the Supreme Court ("Tsaikosaipannwin") and the Constitutional Court ("Kenpōsaipannwin").<br />
# The Supreme Court consists of judges appointed by the President of the Republic, under the recommendation of the National Council of the Judiciary, for an indefinite period.<br />
# The Constitutional Court is composed of 28 judges chosen by the Chamber of Deputies for a six-year term.<br />
<br />
===Ministeries===<br />
Izaland has 13 ministries and two commissions. Their names and information are given in the table below.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"<br />
|+<br />
! Name<br />
! Izaki<br />
! Minister<br />
! Map<br />
|-<br />
|Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries<br />
|農林水産部 (Nōrin-Suisanbu)<br />
|Rihasamo Yungas<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Ministry of Communications and Digitalisation<br />
|通信𖬒𖬰ᛁ𖬐𖬰ᛁ𖬁ᐤᐡ化部 (Tsōnshin-Dijitolkabu)<br />
|Zharaku Margerītta<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Ministry of Labour and Welfare <br />
|厚生労働部 (Kōseirōdōnbu)<br />
|Hansai Jān Yanabu<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Ministry of Cultural Heritage and Tourism<br />
|文化遺産観光部 (Munkwa-Wisan-Kwankwōbu)<br />
|Shobenihki Laura<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|National Health and Sports Commission<br />
|衛生健康委員會 (Weisei-Kēnkān Wiwinkwi)<br />
|Tottanheira Yūnki<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Ministry of Defense<br />
|國防部 (Kukubānbu)<br />
|Baba Daryu<br />
|-<br />
|Ministry of Economy and Finance<br />
|經濟財政部 (Keiðai-Ðaiseibu)<br />
|Tentossan Chechila<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Ministry of Education and Research<br />
|教育研究部 (Kyōiku-Kenkyunbu)<br />
|Kawadanki Misae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Ministry of Foreign Affairs<br />
|外務部 (Waimubu)<br />
|Nutazoi Taski<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Ministry of Trade and Industry<br />
|商務産業部 (Shānmu-Sanwyabu)<br />
|Wikehake Anuppi<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Ministry of Internal Affairs<br />
|内務部 (Naemubu)<br />
|Ōdasāri Kasume<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Ministry of the Environment and Green Policies<br />
|環境翠策部 (Kwankyōn-Shuitsakubu)<br />
|Tanjinen Rika <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport<br />
|國土基設交通部 (Kukudo-Estonore-Kōtsōnbu)<br />
|Ilgerunta Rī Saomi<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Ministry of Justice<br />
|法務部 (Pōmubu)<br />
|Uitanma Yukki <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|National Public Safety Commission<br />
|國家公安委員會 (Kukka-Kōan Wiwinkwi)<br />
|Hinutake Seizhi<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Flag===<br />
[[File:Izaland_flag.png|thumb|left|150px|The Flag of Izaland]]<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"<br />
|-<br />
! Color scheme<br />
! style="background:#194A8B; width:100px" | <span style="color:white;">Dark Gray Blue</span><br />
! style="background:red; width:100px" | <span style="color:white;">Red</span><br />
! style="background:white; width:100px" | <span style="color:black;">White</span><br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#F2F2F2; text-align:right" |'''CMYK'''<br />
| <code>0/79/84/27</code> || <code>0/29/78/0</code> || <code>90/67/0/34</code><br />
|}<br />
The Izaland flag consists of a blue background, inside which there are two concentric circles, a central red one, surrounded by a white ring.<br />
Blue, the symbolic color of Izaland, represents at the same time the color of the sea, and of the numerous streams and lakes that cover the surface of the nation.<br />
The red circle indicates the rising of the sun in the east, a direction that has always been of great importance for Izaland, as to the east there is the open sea, and therefore all the trade routes.<br />
The white surrounding the red sun indicates the light of the midday sun which, thanks to its heat, allows agricultural activities to flourish. Similarly, the white color is an element with a strong symbolism as an element of purity, according to the Izaki philosophy.<br />
<br />
==Economy - 経濟==<br />
See also: [[Economy of Izaland]]<br />
<br />
Izaland boasts a robust and thriving economy with a strong focus on the tertiary sector, emphasizing communications, electronics, services, finance, and tourism. The country rapidly emerged as one of the key economic powers following the war, benefiting from its strategic location in South-Eastern Uletha and employing agile economic strategies for post-war reconstruction. The rich natural environment also contributes to the nation's economic success, supporting significant activities in agriculture and fisheries, while the industrial sector remains active in shipbuilding and electronic parts.<br />
<br />
Education plays a pivotal role in Izaland's economic prosperity, with a literacy rate of nearly 100% and a high percentage of the population proficient in two languages, particularly Ingerish. The presence of seven universities ranked among the world's top 100 ensures a skilled workforce, helping to keep the brain drain phenomenon at bay.<br />
<br />
Despite the modernization of various sectors, the primary industry remains relevant in Izaland's economy. The expansive central plains support agriculture, and the extensive coastline fosters a flourishing fishing industry.<br />
<br />
Although the importance of the industrial sector has diminished compared to the past, it still contributes significantly to the economy. Notably, Izaland is renowned for manufacturing ships and vessels, including fishing and cruise ships, as well as railway cars and vehicles. The country also excels in producing semiconductor and screen panels, furniture crafted from kamawi tree wood, and instruments for fishery and sailing such as radars and engines.<br />
<br />
==Transportation and infrastructures==<br />
See also: [[Infrastructure in Izaland]]<br />
<br />
Izaland boasts a comprehensive and well-developed infrastructure to support its high demand for transportation. The country's railway network is extensive, comprising 2,263.36 km of high-speed rail and 16,418.29 km of standard-speed rail, all operating on standard gauge tracks (1,435 mm) with some sections also utilizing narrow gauge. Known for its punctuality and reliability, the rail system offers frequent and efficient commuter and long distance lines operated by Izarail, in conjunction with local subway networks and private railways.<br />
<br />
For road transportation, Izaland features an intricate network of highways, including the main E1 (Keishin) highway that links the capital to Warohan, passing through major cities along the western coast of Kubori Island. This segment serves as the busiest route, as nearly 60% of the country's population resides along its path. Due to the country's geological and geographical characteristics, highways often incorporate tunnels and bridges, leading to high toll charges.<br />
<br />
The country's air transportation is centered around the prominent Sainðaul Asunahama International Airport, a major hub for Izaland Airlines and Uletha Eastern Airways.<br />
With over 400 islands, water transportation plays a vital role, connecting the mainland to offshore islands through ferry services and bridges. The national transportation transit system IZWay facilitates sea travel with a rechargeable smart card payment system.<br />
<br />
In terms of communication, Izaland boasts one of the most advanced networks globally. 97 million people used mobile phones to access the internet in 2019, representing approximately 86% of individual internet users. Nearly 98.3 million people (84.0% of the population) utilize the internet, enjoying the world's fastest average internet connection speeds, especially in major cities with Gigabit class connections. Furthermore, the availability of 5G mobile lines covers all prefecture capitals, with a reach of 13.5% across the country as of 2022.<br />
<br />
==Culture==<br />
===Religion===<br />
Izaland, located in a strategic position connecting South-Eastern Uletha and thus Archanta and Northern and Western Uletha, has been since the past times a crossroad for many different cultures, thoughts and religions. Nowadays, the main religions in Izaland are Buddhaism (tentative name), [[Christism]] and [[Hanuism]], the latter being Izaki's eclusive religion. <br />
<br />
=== Cuisine ===<br />
The Izaki cuisine represents a meeting point between the culinary traditions of Northern [[Archanta]] and Western [[Uletha]], with an emphasis on the use of fresh and possibly unprocessed ingredients. For geographical and historical reasons, the culinary style varies considerably from north to south.<br />
<br />
Southern dishes are much closer to Archanta cuisines, focusing on rice and seafood, while the continental area sees a greater influence of Nordic cuisines, with potatoes and other tubers appearing on the table more often, as well as farinaceous products (in Izaland bread made with rice flour is widely consumed and, in the northern regions, that made with rye flour is the most common).<br />
<br />
;Typical base aliments<br />
* 米包, ''konunakke'' - rice bread<br />
* 白米, ''charakonu'' - white rice<br />
* 二粒麦, "opira" - emmer wheat<br />
* 芋, "wataba" - potato <br />
* 甘芋, "alkawataba" - sweet potato<br />
<br />
<gallery><br />
File:Japanese Rice Bread.JPG|Rice bread<br />
File:Cooked_white_rice.jpg|Cooked white rice<br />
File:Gamberetti_su_insalata_di_farro_01.JPG|蝦麦混菜 ''sonukki bakuhonna' (prawn emmer salad)'<br />
File:Karjalanpiirakka-20060227.jpg|𖬮ɭ⸠𖬈ᐢ𖬒𖬰ᛁᒢ𖬇ᛁ𖬬𖬘𖬳ᛁ ''ēlandispirakki'', a rye bread stuffed with mashed potato and porridge<br />
File:Potatoes_lyonnaise.JPG|"sannupuriwataba", a typical Yenkaido's potato dish<br />
File:稲庭うどん.jpg|饂飩 "untun", typical noodles appreciated in Izaland and neighbouring countries<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
;Seafood dishes<br />
Fish makes up the vast majority of the protein content of the Izaki diet, consumed both raw (rijome) and cooked. The cooking styles are very varied, using both Archantian-influenced condiments (soy sauce, coconut oil) and methods typical of the Kalmish nations of Western Uletha.<br />
* 新鮮丼 ''Shinsen-fudoa'' - a bowl of rice covered by fresh raw fish (rijome)<br />
* 立鮪丼, ''Imihatsi-fudoa'' - a regional variation of the sasumihewa-fudoa mainly eaten in Imihatsorul. Lean tuna is dipped in a special sauce containing soy sauce, sugar, sake, sesame seeds, egg yolk, etc., and placed on top of the rice. Typical toppings are green onions and ginger.<br />
* 生身, ''Rijome'' - fresh raw fish usually flavored with soy sauce and lemon juice<br />
* 𖬊𐐢𖭑ɭᣗ魚, "munermiwē" - cooked fishe like trouts, plaices or fillets of haddock, coated in flour , fried in butter until golden brown, sprinkled with lemon juice and covered by parsley, usually served with potatoes; this recipe comes from the northern countries such as Blönland and Saikyel, and is totally integrated into the local diet in northern Izaland.<br />
<br />
<br />
<gallery><br />
File:Yurine donburi.JPG|A lily-root rice bowl (百合根丼 ''sasumihewa-fudoa'')<br />
File:Deluxe sashimi platter 03.jpg|新鮮丼 ''shinsen-fudoa''<br />
File:Oita_hyuga_don.jpg|新鮮丼 ''shinsen-fudoa''<br />
File:Sashimi combo.jpg|Different kinds of ''rijome'' (sashimi) (生身, ''rijome'')<br />
File:Sole_meuniere_(4689490702).jpg|𖬊𐐢𖭑ɭᣗ魚 "munermiwē", a western style cooked fish dish<br />
File:You Po Mian( Oil poured noodles).webp|A bowl of dry thick noodles (太麺丼, ''gimuramyen-fudoa'')<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
;Meat<br />
The kinds of meat mainly consumed in Izaland are, in addition to fish, chicken, and, to a lesser extent, pork beef, and mutton in the north, however, compared to other nations, the consumption of meat is relatively low, due to religious and ethical reasons (about half of the inhabitants of Izaland appear to be pescatarians). Intensive farming is not allowed, and all meat is generally imported or produced locally at organic farms, although this means that meat is more expensive than elsewhere. However, vegetarian alternatives are very readily available, particularly soy products, such as tofu (豆腐, ''nateyunbe'') and seitan, as well as lab-grown meat (擬肉, ''suikkohei''), which can be purchased for a similar price to that produced locally in almost any supermarket.<br />
<br />
<gallery><br />
File:AjitukiMuttonJingisu.jpg|Mutton BBQ, typical of Dōnpuku and Yenkaido regions (北山肉, ''hukuzanhei'')<br />
File:Tossed salad with toppings.jpg|A mixed salad (混盛鮮菜 ''honsei-shelkya'')<br />
File:Chicken_nanban_Original_Nobeoka_Japan.jpg|A chicken cutlet (鶏𖬭𖬁𐐢𖬈ɭᒢ ''tasuta-katules'')<br />
File:Tempe_Burger.jpg|A tempeh burger, a very common vegetarian snack (𖬁ɭᐢ𖬇ɭ𖬇𖬰⸠𖬭𖬰ɭᣗ ''tenpebāger'')<br />
File:Food at Fenghuang Mountain Vegetarian Restaurant.jpg|A mix of vegetarian snacks based on tofu and beans (素菜混盛, ''sotsaihonsei'')<br />
File:You Po Mian( Oil poured noodles).webp|A bowl of dry thick noodles (太麺丼 ''gimuramyen-fudoa'')<br />
</gallery> <br />
<br />
;Sweets and desserts<br />
The Izaki confectionery tradition is heavily based on the use of seasonal fruit and natural sweeteners, such as cane sugar. Very common flavors are mint, green tea (抹茶, ''mascha''), coffee and red beans (赤豆, ''nabie''). <br />
Western pastry also reaches high levels, especially in the north of the country, where, for historical reasons, the cuisine has been influenced by the nations of the northern Uletha.<br />
<br />
<gallery><br />
File:Imagawayaki_001.jpg|𖬁𐐢𖬨𖬭𖬰ᛁ, ''tuhagi'', red bean paste filled batter sweet.<br />
File:Matcha-cupcakes_(6453300119).jpg|抹茶盃菓子, ''mascha-tassuokwashi'', green tea cupcakes<br />
File:Peppermint-Crisp-Close-Up.jpg|𖬊ɭᐢ𖬐ᐤ𖬭ᛁ ''menchoki'', mint chocolate snacks and sweets are very appreciated by Izaki people, especially during summer<br />
File:Torta oro e cioccolato.jpg|Modern patisserie is very popular in Izaland, and the ''chokoechoki'' (lit. "the afternoon chocolate") is a favorite appointment especially for many girls<br />
File:Kaffe_med_mælk_og_grøn_te_med_mango_(6290327413).jpg|Summer (and even winter, in the south) are great for refreshing fruit juices.<br />
</gallery> <br />
<br />
[[Category:Izaland]]<br />
{{Navbox topics<br />
| terr = Izaland<br />
| neighbors = {{Kojo}}<br />
| regional-orgs = [[ASUN]]<br />
}}</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=Izaland&diff=20600Izaland2023-11-29T10:32:09Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: /* Later 20th century */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infocard<br />
| name = Republic of Izaland<br />
| flag = Izaland flag.png<br />
| symbol = Hwihwa.svg<br />
| symbol_caption = The "hwihwa" rotating flower<br />
| native_name = 華邦共和國</br>Izaki Kyohwakuku<br />
| native_language = Izaki<br />
| capital = Sainðaul<br />
| population = 117,319,252<br />
| population_year = 2023<br />
| motto = 天ᒢ 𖬬ɭᐢ𖬧𖭐, 民ᒢ 𖬬ɭᐢ𖬧𖭐, 𖭑𖬨𐐢 団結𖬣ᐤ𖬭𖭐フ𖭑ɭ. / Asunas renshi, wikeris renshi, nahu dankes tokinne. (For heaven, for the people, we are united)<br />
| anthem = / 國𖭑𐐢𖬨ɭ, 天ᒢ 下ᐢ. / Askazhinuhe, asunas kaurin. (Our country, below the Heaven)<br />
| latitude = 37.727<br />
| longitude = 128.057<br />
| zoom = 5<br />
| relation = 66826<br />
| intro ='''The Republic of Izaland''' (華邦共和國, ''Izaki Kyohwakuku''), commonly referred as '''Izaland''' is a country in south-east [[Uletha]] occupying part of the continental landmass of Eastern Uletha and the whole island of Kubori (making part about the 20 % of the total 307,242.72 sq km of surface. The capital city is '''[[Sainðaul]]''' (also spelled '''Saindzaul'''), located across the [[Tandan Strait]]. Izaland's neighbor countries are [[Belphenia]] and [[Nuen]] to the east, UL28h, [[Sãikyel]], and [[Bloenland|Blönland]] to the north, and [[Pyokchin]] to the west, while the southern part protrudes into the the [[Sound of Pa]]. <br />
<br />
With nearly 118 million inhabitants, with a population density of 385 people per sq km, Izaland is one of the most densely populated nations, but most of the inhabitants live in the capital area (alone containing more than 22 million people) and in the bigger cities along Kubori island's western shore, such as Kichatsura, Panaireki and Warohan. Other major urban areas are Isadashi, about 100 km north from Sainðaul, Riyatoma, the main city of the central continental area, and Sannupuri, the largest port on the Gulf of Volta. <br />
<br />
Izaland is an economically advanced nation, with high standards of life and wealth, boosted by the miraculous economical growth accomplished by the nation after the World war. <br />
<br />
'''In Izaki (romanised)''': [[https://archive.org/details/izaland-introduction 👂 listen recording here]]<br><br />
'''Izaki kyohwakuku''', tsōntsī Izaki (ingerigounde ''Izaland''), dōnnan-Urezhūs askashi yora. Izaki, Kubori-hamas ðennyukus (haiyo myensheku ðenkukudo 306,710 km2-s juitte yaku 20% yori) suma, Urezhū tairikis ispunli wichi tora. Izakis shuto Tandan kaikyō toeyattu Sainðaul yutte, daini toshi nanbun paikusumu Warohan yora. Izakis rinkukūn, shikisankan Saikyel ta Byulenlanti ta UL28h, narisankan Belfenya ta Nuen, nijisankan Pekutsin, sebunte otsumisankan Pākutō yorahan. <br />
<br />
Zhinkumisto 1 peipō kilometuri noilke 385 zhin yutte, zhinku yaku 1 oku 1800 sen yohan paemōn, juminnis daibubun shutokwennen ta Warohan, Panaireki, Kichatsuras kihtoken Kubori-hamas saibun yohan nazae ōdan toshīn paera. <br />
Nazae juyo tan toshibūn, juwon dairikus Riyatoma ta Sainðullul yaku 100 km nantanke yon Isadashi, epagohte Volta-hannas tsaidais sāreotoka yon Sannupuri yorahan.<br />
<br />
''華邦共和邦''', 通称 「華邦」 (𖬒ᐡ𖬭𖬰𑃸𖬬ᛁ語𖬒𐐢ᐡ𖬮𖬰𑃸 ''𖬒ᛁ𖬖𖬰𖬠ᐡd''), 東南宇礼洲ᒢ 國 ꓩ𖬒𖬬𑃸. 華邦, 久保利島ᒢ 全域ᒢ (𖬨𖬒ᛁꓩ𖬒 面積全國土 306,710 km2-ᒢ 中ⲅ𖬮𑃸 約 20% ꓩ𖬒𖬬𑃸) 𖬖𐐢𖬊, 宇礼洲大陸ᒢ 一部ᐡ𖬠ᛁ 位置 𖬮ᐤ𖬬𑃸. 華邦ᒢ 首都 𖬮ᐡ𖬮𖬰ᐡ 海峡 𖬮ᐤ𖬒𑃸𐭘𖬒ᐡ 作安崎 ɿ𖬒ⲅ𖬮𑃸, 第二都市 南部ᐡ 𖬡𖬒ᛁ𖬭𐐢𖬖𐐢𖬊𐐢 深灣 ꓩ𖬒. 華邦ᒢ 隣国𖬒𐐢ᐡ, 北側ᐡ 𖬖𖬒ᛁꓶ𖬭ᘁ 𖬮 ɿ𖬇𖬰𖬈ɭᐢ𖬈ᐢ𖬁ᛁ 𖬮 𖬒𐐢ᘁ28H, 東側ᐡ 𖬡𖬰𑃸ᘁ𖬌𑃸𐭘𖭑 𖬮 𖭑𐐢𖬮ɭᐢ, 西側ᐡ 碧珍, 𖬖𑃸𖬡𖬰𐐢ᐡ𖬮𑃸 南側 𖬡𖬒海 ꓩ𖬒𖬬𑃸𖬨ᐡ. <br />
<br />
人口密度 1 𖬡𑃸ᛁ𖬡ᐤ𖬒ᐤ 𖬭ᛁ𖬠ᐤ𖬊𑃸𖬮𐐢𖬬ᛁ 𖭑ᐤ𖬒ᛁᘁ𖬭𑃸 385 人 ɿ𖬒ⲅ𖬮𑃸, 人口 約 118 𖬊ᐡ𖬮ᐤ𖬒ᐤᐡ ꓩ𖬒𖬬𑃸𖬨ᐡ 𖬡𖬒𑃸𖬊ᐤ𖬒ᐤᐡ, 住民𖭑ᛁᒢ 大部分 首都圏𖭑𑃸ᐡ 𖬮 深灣, 若浦, 亀茶裂ᒢ 𖬭ᛁh𖬮ᐤ𖬭𑃸ᐡ 久保利島ᒢ 西部ᐡ ꓩ𖬒𖬬𑃸𖬨ᐡ 𖭑𖬖𖬰𖬒𑃸 大ᐡ 都市𖬒ᛁᐡ 𖬡𖬒𑃸𖬬𑃸. <br />
𖭑𖬖𖬰𖬒𑃸 重要 他ᐡ 都市部𖬒𐐢ᐡ, 中央 大陸ᒢ 追庥 𖬮 作安崎𖬠𐐢ᘁ 約100 km 𖭑ᐡ𖬮ᐡ𖬭𑃸 ꓩ𖬒ᐡ 安村, 𖬒𑃸𖬡𖬭𖬰ᐤh𖬮𑃸 𖬌𖬰ᐤᘁ𖬮-灣𖭑ᒢ 最大ᒢ 港町 ꓩ𖬒ᐡ 乾山 ꓩ𖬒𖬬𑃸𖬨ᐡ.<br />
}}<br />
==History==<br />
{{Infobox history<br />
| name = Izaland<br />
| era_A = Kōmun Era</br>甲文時代)<br />
| era_A_dates = until year 75 AD<br />
| event_A1 =<br />
| dates_A1 =<br />
| event_A2 =<br />
| dates_A2 =<br />
| event_A3 =<br />
| dates_A3 =<br />
| event_A4 =<br />
| dates_A4 =<br />
| era_B = Busshō Era </br>仏照時代<br />
| era_B_dates = 75 - 453<br />
| event_B1 =<br />
| dates_B1 =<br />
| event_B2 =<br />
| dates_B2 =<br />
| event_B3 =<br />
| dates_B3 =<br />
| event_B4 =<br />
| dates_B4 =<br />
| era_C = Kanaskashi Era </br>二國時代<br />
| era_C_dates = 453 - 1178<br />
| event_C1 =<br />
| dates_C1 =<br />
| event_C2 =<br />
| dates_C2 =<br />
| event_C3 =<br />
| dates_C3 =<br />
| event_C4 =<br />
| dates_C4 =<br />
| era_D = Ðenzhū Era </br全州時代<br />
| era_D_dates = 1178 - 1281<br />
| dates_D1 =<br />
}}<br />
The history of Izaland is still in progress and the following information might change in the future according to the development of other nations in Eastern Uletha.<br />
<br />
=== Prehistory ===<br />
Izaland is believed to have been settled since 50,000 BC, with migrations of settlers from western Uletha. The presence of tall mountain ranges in the central-northern part of the territory has meant that, until relatively modern times, the contacts between the populations of the north, and those of the south, were sporadic, and limited to feeble commercial exchanges.<br />
<br />
The earliest populations were initially hunters and gatherers, and tended to settle along the great rivers of the central highlands, which offered environments rich in provisions and able to allow the continuity of the first communities. Often it was a matter of nomadic aggregations, which moved together with the animals that allowed their sustenance. The first agricultural techniques, spread from the west around the 13th century BC, allowed the improvement of the yield of crops, and the trade in rice, soybeans and other cereals led to the birth of the first cities and the first semi-organized communities.<br />
<br />
The first urban centers in the north of the country were governed by a central family, who managed the administration relying on a series of senior councilors, as well as seers (called ''akeru'', or ''ikoru''), often represented by the elderly women of the village, who were believed were closest to the gods and spirits of nature.<br />
<br />
A system in force in present-day western Izaland was that of the ''rindokareri'' in which a certain number of advisers and seers were exchanged between some allied villages, with the aim of providing more genuine data and predictions unrelated to possible elements of corruption or favors to certain inhabitants of a village.<br />
<br />
=== 1st to 8th century - The prominence of Illashun and Sopeke kingdoms ===<br />
[[File:Emperor Montoku.jpg|thumb|left|250x250px|King Tainal II of Sopeke (1013? - 1078) ]]<br />
Around the year 0 the territory that currently corresponds to Izaland was divided into a large number of small non-centralized entities, with the exception of two kingdoms that were gradually starting to stand out in the local landscape: the '''Kingdom of Illashun''' (院良春王国, with its center in the current city of [Https://opengeofiction.net/#map=14/35.7283/128.3254&layers=B Illashiya]), and the '''Kingdom of Sopeke''' (岨坪畍王国), located where the prefectures of Riyatoma and Makkenoke are now located, in the center of the continental area of Izaland. <br />
<br />
The first trade between the two nations began to develop starting from the year 75 AD, when some inscriptions found in the historical site of Haketono (横榁) suggest that the diplomatic mission by '''Prince Kukeyatan Urevi''' had taken place who, from Illashun, went with a mighty escort, exploring to the north. This allowed the Illashun Kingdom to establish the first diplomatic relations with '''King Tainal II''' of Sopeke.<br />
<br />
The two kingdoms experienced a certain period of peaceful coexistence and the main products of exchange were amber from the north and food products from the south.<br />
<br />
However, around the 1st century AD, traders from the Nihonese homeland and the Bai Empire started to establish trading ports and coastal towns on the Ashin (Axian) Peninsula, resulting in strong Bai and Nihonese influences on the local cultures. After '''the Great Unification''' between the kingdoms of Illashun and Sopeke ('''1178''') , the newly established '''Kingdom of Sopeshun''' rose into prominence around the 3rd century AD, and dominated most of Kubori Island and the Izaki mainland until its collapse in the 8th century. The Sopeshun Kingdom attempted several times to subdue the southern Kubori tribes to secure control of the coastal ports; the tribes instead unified to establish the rival '''Ipseris Federation''' that would remain outside Sopeshun control. With the fragmentation of the Sopeshun Kingdom, the Kubori King launched its conquests over the Izaki mainland. <br />
<br />
=== The Ðenzhū era (the warring provinces) ===<br />
<br />
==== 9th century to 13th century - The Awangusain Dinasty ====<br />
Until the 13th century, the new kingdom became the dominant power on the Axian Peninsula, with further expansion into Belphenia and surrounding states, making it - de facto - an Empire (made official with the Kyentei Law, in 1281). Ushering Izaland's golden age, especially during the rule of Emperor Haraba the Awangusain Kingdom controlled trade and established a network of tributary states in the region, strengthening relations with Pasundan and the Kojolese tribes, such as the Yochomryi. <br />
<br />
The '''Sanbakai conflict''' (三馬懐紛争) (1298-1302) marked the end of the Awangusain Empire, turning it back to a weakened Kingdom. The Kubori islanders began to rebel against the Awangusain government due to opposition against increased taxation and the empire's failures to address the repeated floods and droughts. The merchants of the Bai Suo Dynasty took this opportunity to aid the rebels and overthrow the Awangusain Kingdom and, in 1302, '''Takihasu Mitsuburi''', an eminent merchant originally from the Itakiri archipelago, enriched by his trading fleets which had contributed to bringing wealth both to the coffers of Awangusain and to those of other trading partners in the region, with his skilled diplomacy he obtained the role as a regional inspector for the southern part of Kubori from the Suo Dynasty. In 1312 he obtained the title of King, and took the name of '''King Chodae I'''. <br />
<br />
=== 13th century to 1xxx - The Nakai Kingdom, rise and collapse ===<br />
The subsequent Nakai Kingdom (奈堺王国, from the name of the Royal Palace built in Warohan) was effectively a Suo protectorate, with Bai merchants granted concessions and privileges to dominate trade in the region. Under Bai's control, the coastal cities of Warohan, Daishin, Kanlisahna, and Kokendake (the former name of Sainðaul) expanded rapidly, as the Suo sought to install its own fleet to protect its possessions in the region. <br />
<br />
Following the Suo's collapse, the Nakai Kingdom, for a brief period, became effectively independent from Bai control. The Nakai, along with Belphenia, Kojo and Pasundan, competed to take control of Bai's possessions in the Axian Peninsula, along with western Ulethan powers seeking colonisation opportunities in the region. The Nakai fell under the influence of Ulethan powers for the remainder of its existence, impacting local culture and customs. <br />
<br />
=== 19th century, the first attempts of a Republic, and a still divided country ===<br />
[[File:Tōto Meisho - Shibai-chō Hanei no Zu.jpg|thumb|The first stages of industrialization]]<br />
With industrialization in the 19th century, the emergence of a working class led to several social problems that the Nakai monarchy was unable to deal with. Ideals of a democratic republic began to spread in Izaland, with Kojo's and Belphenia's transformation into a unitary republic and Bai's constitutional monarchy. Dissatisfaction with Ulethan overlordship led to a few rebellions, until the 1877 Panaireki Revolution that brought an end to the Nakai Kingdom.<br />
<br />
The new Izaki Republic, however, soon split apart with the Republic of Kubori declaring independence over cultural and political differences between Kubori and the mainland. The Izaki Republic was brief, however, as its president took the breakaway as an excuse to amass executive powers and declared himself Emperor soon after. During the early 20th century, Kubori and Izaland waged a series of low-scale conflicts especially over the control of Saindaul. Kubori collapsed into a civil war between socialists and pro-democratic factions upon the death of its statesman. The Izaki Kingdom took this opportunity to seize control of Kubori and successfully annexed the island in 1934. <br />
<br />
=== Later 20th century ===<br />
Until the 50s, Izaland remained a totalitarian state, when King Cherusoi III (彦愈三世, ''cherusoi sanse'') began a series of democratic reforms, which halted briefly when a faction launched a coup and assassinated the Izaki King, igniting the the New Foundation Revolution (新建國革明, ''shin-kyenkuku kakumyei'') that eventually brought an end to the Izaki Kingdom and the establishment of the modern republic through a popular referendum held on 23 September 195x.<br />
<br />
==== Blönnish invasion ====<br />
[TBA]<br />
<br />
==Geography - 地形==<br />
{{Infobox geography<br />
| name = Izaland<br />
| continent = Uletha (South-Eastern)<br />
| region = Axian peninsular<br />
| population = 117,319,252<br />
| population_year = 2023<br />
| area_km2 = 307,973.48<br />
| area_sq_mi = 118,627<br />
| percent_water = TBA<br />
| density_km2 = 383.6<br />
| density_sq_mi = 1,395.24<br />
| custom_label1 = Major rivers<br />
| custom1 = Shinkōsari, Nozaba, Zaan, Kyunida<br />
| custom_label2 = Major lakes<br />
| custom2 = Satsohonu, Usumūn, Irinoen <br />
| custom_label3 = Highest peaks<br />
| custom3 = Mt. Torahashi - 5178 m<br />
| time_zone = WUT+8:00 (IST)<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Izaland climates 4 zones.png|300px|left]]<br />
Izaland is located in the south-east [[Uletha]], extending for about 306 thousands sq kilometers, following roughly the shape of a "T". Nearly the 78% of Izaland extension is contained into the Uletha continent, while the remaining territory is distributed on the islands of Kubori and those making the Itakiri Prefecture. Kubori island, one of the largest in Uletha, extends for about 62,000 sq km. The capital city, Sainðaul has the original center within the continental area, but it naturally expanded across the Tandan Strait, including the former city of Nikabul.<br />
<br />
From a geographical point of view, we can divide the country into four macro-areas:<br />
# In <span style="color:#00ACD5">'''the northern part'''</span> of Izaland, the Yenkaido prefecture boasts long sandy coastlines along its picturesque shores. This scenic coastal region offers stunning views and is a popular destination for seafood lovers and nature enthusiasts.<br />
Within the Yenkaido prefecture lies the Rukatui National Park, known for its breathtaking caldera lakes. These stunning lakes, formed within volcanic craters, create a mesmerizing landscape. One notable feature is the isolated Wannepetsi volcano, standing tall at an elevation of 1761 meters. Its majestic presence adds to the allure of the national park and attracts adventurers and hikers.<br />
<br />
Moving further east, the expansive Sonzhin plain unfolds, characterized by its vast open spaces and natural beauty. This region is home to two large bodies of water, namely Lake Mattomi and Lake Usumuun. Lake Mattomi offers tranquil surroundings and serves as a serene retreat for visitors seeking peace and tranquility. Lake Usumuun, on the other hand, is partially shared with Belphenia, another neighboring country, adding a unique international dimension to its allure.<br />
To the east of the Sonzhin plain, the East River Kyunida marks the border with Nuen. This river not only demarcates the boundary between the two countries but also serves as a significant geographical feature in the region.<br />
<br />
The northern part of Izaland, also the lowest densely populated region, presents a diverse and captivating landscape, encompassing wild coastlines, volcanic wonders, expansive plains, and shimmering lakes. It offers a range of outdoor activities and scenic spots for locals and visitors to explore and enjoy.<br />
<br />
# <span style="color:#34C972">'''The central part'''</span>, a plain that extends diagonally from north-west to south-east for about 600 km, bordered to the north by the northern mountain range. This area sees the population concentrated in several medium-large urban centers, including Riyatoma, Makkenoke and Poridake, besides numerous mid-sized cities, each with a population of around 200,000 inhabitants. These urban centers form the heart of the country, bustling with activity, cultural diversity, and economic vitality. Due to the distance from the coasts, this area experiences a temperate continental climate, which causes hot summers and cold winters.<br />
To the north of the central region lies the border with Blönland, a Germanic-speaking nation. This border is demarcated by the towering peaks of the highest mountains in Eastern Uletha. Among these majestic peaks stands Mount Torahashi, reaching a towering height of 5,187 meters. Revered as one of the symbols of Izaland, these mountains are not only awe-inspiring but also serve as the source of countless rivers that flow through the region. The area is dotted with magnificent glaciers and national parks, showcasing the unspoiled beauty of nature.<br />
<br />
In the northwest, where the central part meets Pyeokchin, lies the remarkable Wenchogwon marshland. This expansive marshland is renowned as an important bird migration route. Thousands of ospreys, cranes, marsh wrens, ibises, and various other bird species grace the area during their seasonal journeys. The marshland's origin can be traced back to an ancient lake that once occupied the region, with the Shinkōsari River serving as a testament to its legacy.<br />
<br />
Nestled between the cities of Fukuoka, Ārikkotsawa, and Rinnajin, the Kajurahi Mountains stand as another notable feature of the central region. This massif is a geological marvel, offering picturesque landscapes and serving as the nearest mountain resort to the capital city. The Kajurahi Mountains provide opportunities for outdoor enthusiasts to engage in activities such as hiking, skiing, and exploring the natural wonders of Izaland.<br />
<br />
The central part of Izaland embodies the dynamic fusion of urban development and natural grandeur. It is a region that harmoniously blends the energy of thriving cities, the majesty of mountainous landscapes, the allure of bird-filled marshlands, and the tranquility of mountain resorts.<br />
<br />
# <span style="color:#FFCD00">'''The coastal area'''</span>, which extends in the southern part of the Ulethian area, and along the coasts of the island of Kubori. The climate varies from coastal temperate to subtropical temperate. This area is prone to monsoon disturbances coming from the south-east.<br />
# <span style="color:#FE8127">'''The southern coasts of Kubori and the smaller islands'''</span>, whose characteristics are found in a subtropical climate with a strong presence of seasonal rainfall.<br />
<br />
<gallery><br />
%E5%8C%97%E8%A6%8B%E7%A5%9E%E5%A8%81%E5%B2%AC_%E7%A5%9E%E5%A8%81%E5%B2%AC%E5%85%AC%E5%9C%92_%E3%82%88%E3%82%8AP6260503.jpg|The northern coast on the Gulf of Volta<br />
Kottaro_situgen_2009.jpg|The vast marshland of Wenchogon working as a separation between Izaland and UL31c<br />
Marmolata.JPG|Glaciers on the top mountains of the northern range.<br />
Puszta_nächst_der_Langen_Lacke_im_Seewinkel_sl7.jpg|The vast farmlands in the eastern region<br />
View_of_Katetsu_cove_from_nearby_Manen-zaki.jpg|A tropical scenery of Itakiri Prefecture<br />
Yakushima_Mitake.jpg|Forest cover in the middle part of Kubori<br />
File:大崎上島.jpg|View on the Bonhama Naekai, the inner sea between the continental Western coast and Kubori Island<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
===Islands - 島系===<br />
[[File:Okushiri Horonai Dodo39.JPG|300px|thumb|The island of Shirituku, in the north]]<br />
[[File:Mangrove_swamp,_Iriomote_Island,_Okinawa,_Japan.jpg|300px|thumb|A mangrove forest on Oingos Island, Itakiri archipelago]]<br />
As already stated, Kubori island makes up nearly the 20% of national territory, and has a regular rectangular shape with a depression on the western side, where Panaireki Bay is located. Most of the settlements are located along the western coast, with the inner area almost unspoiled and still covered by subtropical forests, especially farther south. <br />
The south-western part of Kubori island has an intricate system of peninsulas, pointing at the Itakiri Islands.<br />
<br />
The Itakiri archipelago is mainly made up by three subtropical island groups: <br />
* The '''Sāndaidō Archipelago''' (双大島諸島, ''Sāndaidō tsodō''), comprising the largest island in the north, '''Itakiri''', '''Bikuore''', '''Oingos''', '''Luminoe''' and '''Yeron''', plus other minor islands;<br />
* The '''Kōmuvai Archipelago''' (---諸島, ''Kōmuvai tsodō''), made up by the little islands of '''Katohawa''', '''Sānpelui''' and '''Imonatu''', the southernmost point of Izaland, placed about 45 km south from Oingos;<br />
* The '''Ogamoton Archipelago''' (---諸島, ''Ogamoton tsodō''), formed by '''Ogamoton''', '''Zodovaku''', and other islands, including '''Gifawonna'''<br />
<br />
Most of the territory is occupied by the , and the islands of Itakiri and Bikuore, both exceeding 1,000 square kilometers are the main economical centers of the prefecture. The largest cities are located on these islands, including Sagoma, the capital, and Ketserano (both them on Itakiri), with Atsujīl and Kikknās being the other two biggest cities on Bikuore.<br />
<br />
The Sāndaidō Archipelago alone is the vastest among them, and the two main islands are Itakiri and Bikuore, both exceeding 1,000 square kilometers. They have a volcanic origin, and some active volcanos are still present, for example '''Mount Gusomeki''' (3421 m) on Oingos, and '''Mount Eikenjawi''' (2287 m), on eastern Itakiri. Other notable volcanic islands are Oingos and Luminoe. <br />
Besides volcanic islands, there are many coral islands, and in Itakiri the two rare only atoll formations of Izaland are located: Saðuren atoll, and Nukusabo atoll complex (famous for the Heaven Lagoon surrounding the main island within the reef). This precious ecosystem is in danger due to the erosion.<br />
<br />
On the south-east of Kubori Island the land extends into the Kaiton Peninsula, pointing south. Off shore, another archipelago of islands, including Basotachi and Ogamoton extends.<br />
Izaland has over 400 among islands and inlets, mostly near the coastline, with some exceptions. <br />
Most of the biggest islands are comprised within Itakiri Prefecture, where [[Itakiri]] and [[Kahadu]] islands are the largest ones, each about 1,100 square kilometers wide. <br />
Itakiri, Kahadu and the nearby islands are volcanic islands and, despite the limited landmass, they have some peaks exceeding 3000 m. <br />
<br />
Other notable islands are Oingos and [[Ogamoton]], still in Itakiri, and Nurihara, making up Midōhinnan Prefecture. <br />
As a notable geomorphological feature, the westernmost point of Izaland is the volcanic island of [[Tsohana]], connected with Kubori island by an isthmus.<br />
<br />
The Tandan Strait, accross of which the capital is located, is also home to many smaller islands. Since they are located close to the coastline in a highly densely populated area, often they are linked with bridges or tunnels to the mainland. Other island located in sea are Fuendaru, Sumasai and Tekirunan. <br />
<br />
Finally, Yenkaidō Prefecture, in the north, also a couple of major islands, Shirituku and TBD island.<br />
<br />
===Rivers - 河川===<br />
[To be updated]<br />
The main rivers of Kubori island are the '''Zaan''' (蓙杏河, ''Zaan sāri'') flowing for 315 km in the south-western part of Kubori island. The river starts in the Jogare mountains, and its estuary is located where the city of Warohan expands. Other notable rivers in Kubori islands are the '''Nozaba''' (濃沙芭河, ''Nozaba sāri'') (182 km) and the '''Kankayue''' (巻嘉巍河, ''Kankayue sāri'') (218 km).<br />
<br />
===Mountains - 山脈===<br />
[[File:Ama Dablam.jpg|400px|thumb|[https://opengeofiction.net/node/256811924 Mount Torahashi], the highest peak of Izaland and Eastern Uletha]]<br />
The mountainous reliefs account for about 40% of the surface of Izaland, and are distributed over almost the whole of the island of Kubori, and in the central and northern parts of the continental sector.<br />
<br />
The main mountain range is that of the TBD mountains, located between Izaland and the republic of Sanain. These mountains culminate in peaks that reach 5000 m, among which we can mention '''Mount Torahashi''' (5189 m) and the '''Peak Mamuhun''' (5077 m), the highest peaks in eastern Uletha.<br />
<br />
The TBD mountain range, after having demarcated the border with Teberia, and the republic of Sanain, near the Daityenguku National Park it forks, continuing along the border with and UL28f on one side, and marking the geographical division between the prefecture of Yenkaido to the north, and the rest of the continental part to the south. This mountainous section, called the Nokonupuri Mountains (in the Aynu Itak language means "saw-shaped mountains"), which reaches 3200 m in height in the west and gradually degrades to the east, prevents the cold northerly winds from reaching the southern part of Izaland, thus creating a clear climatic division between the north and south of the country.<br />
<br />
Around the Usumun lake, in the eastern part of Izaland, there is another smaller mountain massif, that of the Jakumiwa mountains. The main peak is Mount Turigas, 2657 meters high.<br />
<br />
==Climate==<br />
Thanks to the privileged position, and the north-south extension of the country, Izaland enjoys different climates, from the alpine to the tropical one. Most of the population lives in a humid subtropical climate area, with a distinctive distribution on the western coast of the island of Kubori, and the plains placed in the center - western part of the Ulethan side. The average temperature in the capital, Sainðaul, is around 20,5 °C, with maximum average of 30°C and minimum average of 12°C<br />
<br />
The climate zone can be roughly divided into three zones: the northern area, close to the Aigan Mountain Range, including 5000 m high peaks, sees continental to alpine climate. This area sees frequent snowfall between December to early March. <br />
Moving to the area around the capital, the climate shifts to humid subtropical, with long hot summers, cool winters, and summer peak to annual precipitation.<br />
On the south-western tip of the insular part of the country, the subtropical climate has some tropical characteristics, while the south-east and the east coast has a tropical monsoon climate, with a wet season from May to October, a dry season from November to April, and consistently very warm to hot temperatures with high humidity.<br />
<br />
Ogamoton , Sānpelui and Kotohawa islands, in the south, have a lowest temperatures which never go below 15°C even during the winter, making them an international holiday resort, especially famous for diving and leisure sports.<br />
<br />
==Demographics==<br />
{{Infobox demography<br />
| name = Izaland<br />
| demonym = Izaki<br />
| official_languages = Izaki<br />
| minority_languages = Aynu Itak, Konbaki, Eituus<br />
| ethnicity_bars = {{bar percent|Izaki|blue|92.1}}{{bar percent|Other Ulethan|cornflowerblue|4.5}}{{bar percent|Northern Archantan|gold|2.5}}{{bar percent|Other|black|0.9}}<br />
| religion_bars = {{bar percent|Peritan Christicism|blue|43.4}}{{bar percent|Budicism|red|28.3}}{{bar percent|Other|orange|2.1}}{{bar percent|Irreligious|gray|21.2}}<br />
| literacy = {{steady}} 100%<br />
| life_expectancy = {{steady}} 81.6 (male)<br /> {{decrease}} 86.3 (female)<br />
}}<br />
Izaland boasts a population of over 117 million inhabitants. This substantial number places Izaland among the most densely populated nations in the region, with approximately 385 people per square kilometer. Remarkably, despite its density, certain areas, such as the vast inner regions of Kubori Island and the northeastern continental area, remain relatively untouched by intensive urban development.<br />
<br />
The vast majority, 92.1%, of the population identifies as members of the Izaki ethnicity, forming the cultural backbone of the nation. The remaining 7.9% comprises a vibrant community of immigrants, hailing primarily from neighboring Axian countries like UL30c, and Northern Archanta. Additionally, expats from other Ulethan nations such as Belphenia, Kojo, Pyokchin and Saikyel have also contributed to Izaland's recent cultural diversity.<br />
<br />
Urbanization has played a significant role in shaping Izaland's demographic landscape. A considerable 83.2% of the population resides in urban centers, drawn to major economic hubs that have thrived since the early days of industrialization. This trend continues to attract young individuals from rural areas seeking opportunities in these bustling metropolises.<br />
<br />
===Growth rate and fertility===<br />
The demographic landscape of Izaland is undergoing significant changes, characterized by an aging population and increased life expectancy due to advancements in medical care. Additionally, the nation has experienced a rise in immigration. Despite the population boom that followed the Great War, the country is facing a challenge with extremely low population growth, primarily due to a low birth rate. In 2009, Izaland recorded the lowest absolute population growth since 1900.<br />
<br />
The Izaki population experienced significant growth in the 1960s, with peak growth rates ranging from 5.5% to 11.3% per year. However, over time, this growth rate gradually declined, reaching a near-static -0.09% in 2009. The nation faced challenges due to low fertility rates and an increasingly aging population, resulting in an imbalance.<br />
<br />
These demographic developments have far-reaching implications for health care and social security policies. As the Izaki population continues to age, the proportion of people of working age in relation to the overall population is declining. This trend poses challenges to the current system of old-age pensions, as fewer people contribute to the system while there are more recipients. Moreover, the anticipated increase in health care costs further compounds the situation.<br />
<br />
In response to these challenges, the National Statistics Office of Izaland has highlighted the need for reform in health care and social security systems.<br />
To address this demographic challenge, the Government,particularly the Araigaji cabinet, initiated measures to support young families by improving their welfare conditions. Additionally, efforts were made to attract quality migration from other developing countries. These policies started yielding results from the mid-2010s, leading to a timid but noteworthy increase in the population growth rate to 0.82% in recent years.<br />
<br />
Policy reforms are being implemented to address these issues, aiming to incentivize more people to join the labor market and create a greater awareness of health care spending.<br />
The focus on welfare and strategic migration has proven essential in reshaping Izaland's demographic landscape, allowing the nation to sustain a more balanced and dynamic population growth trend in the face of demographic changes. <br />
<br />
===Family composition===<br />
Izaland underwent significant demographic and economic transformations before and after the Great War, leaving a profound impact on Izaki families. During this period, families became smaller, with the average number of persons per family dropping from 4.1 in 1940 to 2.5 by 1968. While family composition remained relatively stable over the quarter-century, there were notable percentages in various family types. In 1975, 24.4% of families consisted of a man and a woman, 61.9% of a couple with children, 11.8% of a woman with offspring, and 1.9% of a man with offspring.<br />
<br />
One significant change was observed in the number of children per family, which declined from an average of 3.43 in 1950 to 2.9 in the mid-1980s. Large families became rare, as only 3% of families had four or more children. On the other hand, 47% of families had one child, 44% had two children, and 6% had three children.<br />
<br />
The impact of these demographic shifts was evident in the number of Izaki individuals under the age of 18, which decreased from 39 million in 1960 to 17.3 million in 1980. These changes in family size and composition have contributed to shaping the social fabric of Izaland and have implications for future demographic trends and policies.<br />
<br />
===List of common Izaki surnames===<br />
In Izaland, the majority of surnames are crafted from two Bai characters, often imbued with meanings tied to geography or professions. With a repertoire of over 182,000 family names, Izaland boasts a diverse array of surnames that are widely dispersed across the nation. Among them, the most prevalent ones, such as Hansai and Samosāri, name about one million individuals each.<br />
<br />
Notably, around 1/6 of the population also possesses a middle family name, traditionally formed from a single character, a historical vestige of connections with the southern Kingdoms of Bai. Among these middle names, some of the most common ones include 金 (Kin), 李 (Rī), 百 (Pyaku), 陣 (Zhin), 張 (Chō), 福 (Fuku), 宮 (Kūn), among others. This rich tapestry of surnames reflects the intricate cultural heritage and historical influences that have shaped Izaki society.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"<br />
|-<br />
! Rank !! Name !! Askaoza !! Romanization !! Estimated number (2020) !! Occupation rate (%)<br />
|-<br />
| 1||飯斎 || 𖬨ᐢ𖬖ᐟ𖭐|| Hansai || 1,129,990 || 0.96<br />
|-<br />
| 2|| 山川 || 𖬖𖬊ᐤ𖬖։𖬬𖭐|| Samosāri || 1,092,229 || 0.93<br />
|-<br />
| 3|| 船造 || 𖬭ᐢ𖬈𖭐𖬖ᐤ𖬊|| Kanlisoma || 928,002 || 0.79<br />
|-<br />
| 4|| 田中|| 𖬬𖬒𖭐𖬡𖬰𐐢|| Raibu || 919,220 || 0.78<br />
|-<br />
| 5|| 大木|| 𖬒ᐤ։𖬣𖬰𖬖ꓩ𖬮|| Ōdasayo || 857,229|| 0.73<br />
|-<br />
| 6|| 森見 || 𖬑𐩬𖬒𖭑ᐤ|| Tsawano || 843,002 || 0.72<br />
|-<br />
| 7|| 鹿田 || 𖬣ᐤフ𖬣ᐢ𖬨ᥫ𖬬|| Tottanheira || 728,229|| 0.62<br />
|-<br />
| 8|| 神仕 || 𖬨𖭑ᦴ𖬬𖭑|| Hanuirana|| 701,992|| 0.59<br />
|-<br />
| 9|| 賈網|| 𖭑𐐢𖬣𖬖𖬰ᐤ𖭐|| Nutazoi || 629,220|| 0.53<br />
|-<br />
| 10|| 西村 || 𖭑𖭐𖬥𖬰𖭐𖭑𖬣|| Nijinata|| 402,339|| 0.34<br />
|-<br />
| 11|| 島人 || 𖬨𖬊𖬣ᐤ|| Hamato || 381,002|| 0.32<br />
|-<br />
| 12|| 長崎 || 𖬬ɭ𖬭𖬰ɭ𐐢ᐡ|| Regeul || 352,997|| 0.30<br />
|-<br />
| 13|| 鍛冶 || 𖬖ᐟ𖭐フ𖬭ɭᒢ|| Saikkes || 312,002|| 0.29<br />
|-<br />
| 14|| 平 || 𖬊フ𖬭ᥫ || Makkei|| 282,002|| tbd<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
to be continued<br />
<br />
===Ethnicity===<br />
It is difficult to trace a genetic profile of the Izanish race, as since the dawn of time there has been a profound mixture of different ethnic groups, both Uletian and Arcanthic. Physiognomically, Izanish people's face appears to be of an oriental type, with dark hair, black almond-shaped eyes and a slightly pronounced nose. However, there is no lack of genotypes belonging to more Western races, such as lighter colored eyes (ocher, olive green and, very rarely, blue) and hair tending to brown.<br />
<br />
Tracing a precise genetic profile of the Izaniki ethnicity poses a challenge, given the deep historical amalgamation of diverse ethnic groups, both from Uletian and Archantan origins. Physiognomically, Izaniki individuals typically exhibit facial features reminiscent of oriental or North-Archantan descent, characterized by dark hair, black almond-shaped eyes, and a slightly pronounced nose.<br />
<br />
Nevertheless, the genetic diversity extends to include genotypes associated with Western races, such as lighter-colored eyes in shades of ocher, olive green, and, on rare occasions, blue, along with hair shades tending towards brown. This intriguing blend is particularly observable in the northern regions, where frequent interactions with Kalmish populations have taken place in recent history.<br />
<br />
Despite these influences, Izaland's geographical isolation, framed by surrounding mountains and the sea, has largely contributed to maintaining relatively uniform somatic tracts throughout the nation's history. <br />
<br />
===Urban planning===<br />
A characteristic of the territorial development of Izaki urban centers lies in the fact that, compared to other nations, there are few small isolated villages, while the number of large and medium-sized cities is greater. This is due not only to a greater ease in the distribution of goods, but also to the ancient philosophy of "''jiyenchohwashisān''" (自然調和思想), or "thought of harmony with nature", drawn up from the 5th century BC by the Taemasa dynasty.<br />
<br />
This method of land planning was based on both scientific and astrological criteria, and the positioning of towns and villages was well defined. As the Taemasa dynasty aggregated, through conquests, new territories that had independently developed their regional urban planning, it came, in certain cases, to relocate entire villages, if they did not respect the precepts of the "''jiyenchohwashisān''".<br />
<br />
Although urban planning is still based on modern criteria, the ministry of the environment keeps a careful eye in order to avoid land consumption in the territory.<br />
<br />
==Government - 政府==<br />
{{Infobox government<br />
| name = Izaland<br />
| government_type = Parliamentary republic<br />
| capital = [[Sainðaul]]<br />
| title1 = President<br />
| hos1 = Irokki Shinsayamo<br />
| title2 = Prime Minister<br />
| hos2 = Tariki Tara<br />
| title3 = Ministry of Justice<br />
| hos3 = Yukki Uitanma<br />
| legislature = National Assembly (國會議事堂)<br />
| upper_house = Daiwiwinkwi</br>(代議員會)<br />
| upper_house_diagram = Izaland political party.svg<br />
| lower_house = Gwannowin (元老院)<br />
| lower_house_diagram = <br />
| judiciary = Supreme Court of Izaland<br />
| custom_label1 = <br />
| custom1 =<br />
| political_parties = {{legend|#276FE3|Minjudān</br>民主党: 251 seats}} {{legend|#27D888|Shinhwadān</br>新華党: 174 seats}} {{legend|#FA2CC6|Tsinkukudān</br>進國党: 39 seats}} {{legend|#6893D8|Ankukukwi</br>安國會: 28 seats}} {{legend|#FF0000|Izaland Communist Party</br>華邦共産党: 22 seats}} {{legend|#824E4B|Gonshutai</br>厳手隊: 16 seats}}<br />
| international_orgs = AN, IWO, EUOIA, ASUN (observer)<br />
}}<br />
===Administrative Divisions and cities===<br />
See ''[[Administrative divisions of Izaland]]''<br />
===State system===<br />
;Type of Government: Parliamentary Republic<br />
Izaland is a parliamentary republic. Executive power is mainly entrusted to the government, headed by the prime minister. National security affairs are divided between the president and the prime minister. The government shares responsibility for foreign affairs with the president.<br />
Legislative power is exercised collectively by the Chamber of Deputies (代議員會, ''Daiwiwinkwi'') and the Senate (元老院, ''Gwannowin'') which together constitute the National Assembly (國會議事堂, ''Kukkaiwishidān''). The chamber has 530 members, the Senate 208. Both chambers are renovated every five years.<br />
<br />
;Executive Power:<br />
# Mainly entrusted to the government, led by the Prime Minister (Tariki Tara).<br />
# National security affairs are divided between the President and the Prime Minister.<br />
# The government shares responsibility for foreign affairs with the President.<br />
<br />
;Legislative Power:<br />
Legislative initiative rests with deputies, senators and the Council of Ministers.<br />
<br />
# Exercised collectively by the Chamber of Deputies ("Daiwiwinkwi") and the Senate ("Gwannowin"), together forming the National Assembly ("Kukkaiwishidān").<br />
# The Chamber of Deputies consists of 530 members, and the Senate has 208 members.<br />
# Both chambers are renewed every five years.<br />
# Legislative initiatives can be proposed by deputies, senators, and the Council of Ministers.<br />
<br />
; Executive Power:<br />
Executive power is exercised by the Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers. The President of the Republic appoints the Prime Minister and, upon his proposal, the ministers. The Council of Ministers must obtain the confidence of the Chamber of Deputies.<br />
<br />
# Exercised by the Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers.<br />
# The President of the Republic appoints the Prime Minister and the ministers, based on the Prime Minister's proposal.<br />
# The Council of Ministers must obtain the confidence of the Chamber of Deputies ("Ryenlisseikon").<br />
<br />
; President of the Republic:<br />
The President of the Republic (大統領, "Daitsōnlyān") is the head of State of Izaland. He or she is elected by direct suffrage every five years, and is the commander-in-chief of the Izaki Self-Defense Forces and chairs the High Council of the Judiciary.<br />
A citizen who has reached the age of 30 can be elected president. He is also involved in foreign policy and national defense.<br />
The President of Izaland assumes office by taking an oath before the Izaki Parliament and delivering a presidential address.<br />
The President's term lasts for five years, ensuring that no officeholder can be reelected by the same houses, which have a six-year mandate. This provision grants some freedom from excessive political ties to the appointing body. The President's term may end due to voluntary resignation, death while in office, permanent disability resulting from severe illness, or dismissal for crimes of high treason or an attack on the Constitution, as happened in 1983 with the Tsawano Impeachment case.<br />
<br />
# Elected by direct suffrage every five years.<br />
# Eligible candidates must be citizens who have reached the age of 30.<br />
# Involved in foreign policy and national defense.<br />
<br />
;Judiciary:<br />
The judiciary is represented by the Supreme Court (最高裁判院, ''Tsaikosaipannwin''), composed of judges appointed by the President of the Republic under the recommendation of the National Council of the Judiciary for an indefinite period, and by the Constitutional Court (憲法裁判院, ''Kenpōsaipannwin''), composed of 28 judges chosen by the Chamber of Deputies for a six-year term.<br />
<br />
# Represented by the Supreme Court ("Tsaikosaipannwin") and the Constitutional Court ("Kenpōsaipannwin").<br />
# The Supreme Court consists of judges appointed by the President of the Republic, under the recommendation of the National Council of the Judiciary, for an indefinite period.<br />
# The Constitutional Court is composed of 28 judges chosen by the Chamber of Deputies for a six-year term.<br />
<br />
===Ministeries===<br />
Izaland has 13 ministries and two commissions. Their names and information are given in the table below.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"<br />
|+<br />
! Name<br />
! Izaki<br />
! Minister<br />
! Map<br />
|-<br />
|Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries<br />
|農林水産部 (Nōrin-Suisanbu)<br />
|Rihasamo Yungas<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Ministry of Communications and Digitalisation<br />
|通信𖬒𖬰ᛁ𖬐𖬰ᛁ𖬁ᐤᐡ化部 (Tsōnshin-Dijitolkabu)<br />
|Zharaku Margerītta<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Ministry of Labour and Welfare <br />
|厚生労働部 (Kōseirōdōnbu)<br />
|Hansai Jān Yanabu<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Ministry of Cultural Heritage and Tourism<br />
|文化遺産観光部 (Munkwa-Wisan-Kwankwōbu)<br />
|Shobenihki Laura<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|National Health and Sports Commission<br />
|衛生健康委員會 (Weisei-Kēnkān Wiwinkwi)<br />
|Tottanheira Yūnki<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Ministry of Defense<br />
|國防部 (Kukubānbu)<br />
|Baba Daryu<br />
|-<br />
|Ministry of Economy and Finance<br />
|經濟財政部 (Keiðai-Ðaiseibu)<br />
|Tentossan Chechila<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Ministry of Education and Research<br />
|教育研究部 (Kyōiku-Kenkyunbu)<br />
|Kawadanki Misae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Ministry of Foreign Affairs<br />
|外務部 (Waimubu)<br />
|Nutazoi Taski<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Ministry of Trade and Industry<br />
|商務産業部 (Shānmu-Sanwyabu)<br />
|Wikehake Anuppi<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Ministry of Internal Affairs<br />
|内務部 (Naemubu)<br />
|Ōdasāri Kasume<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Ministry of the Environment and Green Policies<br />
|環境翠策部 (Kwankyōn-Shuitsakubu)<br />
|Tanjinen Rika <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport<br />
|國土基設交通部 (Kukudo-Estonore-Kōtsōnbu)<br />
|Ilgerunta Rī Saomi<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Ministry of Justice<br />
|法務部 (Pōmubu)<br />
|Uitanma Yukki <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|National Public Safety Commission<br />
|國家公安委員會 (Kukka-Kōan Wiwinkwi)<br />
|Hinutake Seizhi<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Flag===<br />
[[File:Izaland_flag.png|thumb|left|150px|The Flag of Izaland]]<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"<br />
|-<br />
! Color scheme<br />
! style="background:#194A8B; width:100px" | <span style="color:white;">Dark Gray Blue</span><br />
! style="background:red; width:100px" | <span style="color:white;">Red</span><br />
! style="background:white; width:100px" | <span style="color:black;">White</span><br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#F2F2F2; text-align:right" |'''CMYK'''<br />
| <code>0/79/84/27</code> || <code>0/29/78/0</code> || <code>90/67/0/34</code><br />
|}<br />
The Izaland flag consists of a blue background, inside which there are two concentric circles, a central red one, surrounded by a white ring.<br />
Blue, the symbolic color of Izaland, represents at the same time the color of the sea, and of the numerous streams and lakes that cover the surface of the nation.<br />
The red circle indicates the rising of the sun in the east, a direction that has always been of great importance for Izaland, as to the east there is the open sea, and therefore all the trade routes.<br />
The white surrounding the red sun indicates the light of the midday sun which, thanks to its heat, allows agricultural activities to flourish. Similarly, the white color is an element with a strong symbolism as an element of purity, according to the Izaki philosophy.<br />
<br />
==Economy - 経濟==<br />
See also: [[Economy of Izaland]]<br />
<br />
Izaland boasts a robust and thriving economy with a strong focus on the tertiary sector, emphasizing communications, electronics, services, finance, and tourism. The country rapidly emerged as one of the key economic powers following the war, benefiting from its strategic location in South-Eastern Uletha and employing agile economic strategies for post-war reconstruction. The rich natural environment also contributes to the nation's economic success, supporting significant activities in agriculture and fisheries, while the industrial sector remains active in shipbuilding and electronic parts.<br />
<br />
Education plays a pivotal role in Izaland's economic prosperity, with a literacy rate of nearly 100% and a high percentage of the population proficient in two languages, particularly Ingerish. The presence of seven universities ranked among the world's top 100 ensures a skilled workforce, helping to keep the brain drain phenomenon at bay.<br />
<br />
Despite the modernization of various sectors, the primary industry remains relevant in Izaland's economy. The expansive central plains support agriculture, and the extensive coastline fosters a flourishing fishing industry.<br />
<br />
Although the importance of the industrial sector has diminished compared to the past, it still contributes significantly to the economy. Notably, Izaland is renowned for manufacturing ships and vessels, including fishing and cruise ships, as well as railway cars and vehicles. The country also excels in producing semiconductor and screen panels, furniture crafted from kamawi tree wood, and instruments for fishery and sailing such as radars and engines.<br />
<br />
==Transportation and infrastructures==<br />
See also: [[Infrastructure in Izaland]]<br />
<br />
Izaland boasts a comprehensive and well-developed infrastructure to support its high demand for transportation. The country's railway network is extensive, comprising 2,263.36 km of high-speed rail and 16,418.29 km of standard-speed rail, all operating on standard gauge tracks (1,435 mm) with some sections also utilizing narrow gauge. Known for its punctuality and reliability, the rail system offers frequent and efficient commuter and long distance lines operated by Izarail, in conjunction with local subway networks and private railways.<br />
<br />
For road transportation, Izaland features an intricate network of highways, including the main E1 (Keishin) highway that links the capital to Warohan, passing through major cities along the western coast of Kubori Island. This segment serves as the busiest route, as nearly 60% of the country's population resides along its path. Due to the country's geological and geographical characteristics, highways often incorporate tunnels and bridges, leading to high toll charges.<br />
<br />
The country's air transportation is centered around the prominent Sainðaul Asunahama International Airport, a major hub for Izaland Airlines and Uletha Eastern Airways.<br />
With over 400 islands, water transportation plays a vital role, connecting the mainland to offshore islands through ferry services and bridges. The national transportation transit system IZWay facilitates sea travel with a rechargeable smart card payment system.<br />
<br />
In terms of communication, Izaland boasts one of the most advanced networks globally. 97 million people used mobile phones to access the internet in 2019, representing approximately 86% of individual internet users. Nearly 98.3 million people (84.0% of the population) utilize the internet, enjoying the world's fastest average internet connection speeds, especially in major cities with Gigabit class connections. Furthermore, the availability of 5G mobile lines covers all prefecture capitals, with a reach of 13.5% across the country as of 2022.<br />
<br />
==Culture==<br />
===Religion===<br />
Izaland, located in a strategic position connecting South-Eastern Uletha and thus Archanta and Northern and Western Uletha, has been since the past times a crossroad for many different cultures, thoughts and religions. Nowadays, the main religions in Izaland are Buddhaism (tentative name), [[Christism]] and [[Hanuism]], the latter being Izaki's eclusive religion. <br />
<br />
=== Cuisine ===<br />
The Izaki cuisine represents a meeting point between the culinary traditions of Northern [[Archanta]] and Western [[Uletha]], with an emphasis on the use of fresh and possibly unprocessed ingredients. For geographical and historical reasons, the culinary style varies considerably from north to south.<br />
<br />
Southern dishes are much closer to Archanta cuisines, focusing on rice and seafood, while the continental area sees a greater influence of Nordic cuisines, with potatoes and other tubers appearing on the table more often, as well as farinaceous products (in Izaland bread made with rice flour is widely consumed and, in the northern regions, that made with rye flour is the most common).<br />
<br />
;Typical base aliments<br />
* 米包, ''konunakke'' - rice bread<br />
* 白米, ''charakonu'' - white rice<br />
* 二粒麦, "opira" - emmer wheat<br />
* 芋, "wataba" - potato <br />
* 甘芋, "alkawataba" - sweet potato<br />
<br />
<gallery><br />
File:Japanese Rice Bread.JPG|Rice bread<br />
File:Cooked_white_rice.jpg|Cooked white rice<br />
File:Gamberetti_su_insalata_di_farro_01.JPG|蝦麦混菜 ''sonukki bakuhonna' (prawn emmer salad)'<br />
File:Karjalanpiirakka-20060227.jpg|𖬮ɭ⸠𖬈ᐢ𖬒𖬰ᛁᒢ𖬇ᛁ𖬬𖬘𖬳ᛁ ''ēlandispirakki'', a rye bread stuffed with mashed potato and porridge<br />
File:Potatoes_lyonnaise.JPG|"sannupuriwataba", a typical Yenkaido's potato dish<br />
File:稲庭うどん.jpg|饂飩 "untun", typical noodles appreciated in Izaland and neighbouring countries<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
;Seafood dishes<br />
Fish makes up the vast majority of the protein content of the Izaki diet, consumed both raw (rijome) and cooked. The cooking styles are very varied, using both Archantian-influenced condiments (soy sauce, coconut oil) and methods typical of the Kalmish nations of Western Uletha.<br />
* 新鮮丼 ''Shinsen-fudoa'' - a bowl of rice covered by fresh raw fish (rijome)<br />
* 立鮪丼, ''Imihatsi-fudoa'' - a regional variation of the sasumihewa-fudoa mainly eaten in Imihatsorul. Lean tuna is dipped in a special sauce containing soy sauce, sugar, sake, sesame seeds, egg yolk, etc., and placed on top of the rice. Typical toppings are green onions and ginger.<br />
* 生身, ''Rijome'' - fresh raw fish usually flavored with soy sauce and lemon juice<br />
* 𖬊𐐢𖭑ɭᣗ魚, "munermiwē" - cooked fishe like trouts, plaices or fillets of haddock, coated in flour , fried in butter until golden brown, sprinkled with lemon juice and covered by parsley, usually served with potatoes; this recipe comes from the northern countries such as Blönland and Saikyel, and is totally integrated into the local diet in northern Izaland.<br />
<br />
<br />
<gallery><br />
File:Yurine donburi.JPG|A lily-root rice bowl (百合根丼 ''sasumihewa-fudoa'')<br />
File:Deluxe sashimi platter 03.jpg|新鮮丼 ''shinsen-fudoa''<br />
File:Oita_hyuga_don.jpg|新鮮丼 ''shinsen-fudoa''<br />
File:Sashimi combo.jpg|Different kinds of ''rijome'' (sashimi) (生身, ''rijome'')<br />
File:Sole_meuniere_(4689490702).jpg|𖬊𐐢𖭑ɭᣗ魚 "munermiwē", a western style cooked fish dish<br />
File:You Po Mian( Oil poured noodles).webp|A bowl of dry thick noodles (太麺丼, ''gimuramyen-fudoa'')<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
;Meat<br />
The kinds of meat mainly consumed in Izaland are, in addition to fish, chicken, and, to a lesser extent, pork beef, and mutton in the north, however, compared to other nations, the consumption of meat is relatively low, due to religious and ethical reasons (about half of the inhabitants of Izaland appear to be pescatarians). Intensive farming is not allowed, and all meat is generally imported or produced locally at organic farms, although this means that meat is more expensive than elsewhere. However, vegetarian alternatives are very readily available, particularly soy products, such as tofu (豆腐, ''nateyunbe'') and seitan, as well as lab-grown meat (擬肉, ''suikkohei''), which can be purchased for a similar price to that produced locally in almost any supermarket.<br />
<br />
<gallery><br />
File:AjitukiMuttonJingisu.jpg|Mutton BBQ, typical of Dōnpuku and Yenkaido regions (北山肉, ''hukuzanhei'')<br />
File:Tossed salad with toppings.jpg|A mixed salad (混盛鮮菜 ''honsei-shelkya'')<br />
File:Chicken_nanban_Original_Nobeoka_Japan.jpg|A chicken cutlet (鶏𖬭𖬁𐐢𖬈ɭᒢ ''tasuta-katules'')<br />
File:Tempe_Burger.jpg|A tempeh burger, a very common vegetarian snack (𖬁ɭᐢ𖬇ɭ𖬇𖬰⸠𖬭𖬰ɭᣗ ''tenpebāger'')<br />
File:Food at Fenghuang Mountain Vegetarian Restaurant.jpg|A mix of vegetarian snacks based on tofu and beans (素菜混盛, ''sotsaihonsei'')<br />
File:You Po Mian( Oil poured noodles).webp|A bowl of dry thick noodles (太麺丼 ''gimuramyen-fudoa'')<br />
</gallery> <br />
<br />
;Sweets and desserts<br />
The Izaki confectionery tradition is heavily based on the use of seasonal fruit and natural sweeteners, such as cane sugar. Very common flavors are mint, green tea (抹茶, ''mascha''), coffee and red beans (赤豆, ''nabie''). <br />
Western pastry also reaches high levels, especially in the north of the country, where, for historical reasons, the cuisine has been influenced by the nations of the northern Uletha.<br />
<br />
<gallery><br />
File:Imagawayaki_001.jpg|𖬁𐐢𖬨𖬭𖬰ᛁ, ''tuhagi'', red bean paste filled batter sweet.<br />
File:Matcha-cupcakes_(6453300119).jpg|抹茶盃菓子, ''mascha-tassuokwashi'', green tea cupcakes<br />
File:Peppermint-Crisp-Close-Up.jpg|𖬊ɭᐢ𖬐ᐤ𖬭ᛁ ''menchoki'', mint chocolate snacks and sweets are very appreciated by Izaki people, especially during summer<br />
File:Torta oro e cioccolato.jpg|Modern patisserie is very popular in Izaland, and the ''chokoechoki'' (lit. "the afternoon chocolate") is a favorite appointment especially for many girls<br />
File:Kaffe_med_mælk_og_grøn_te_med_mango_(6290327413).jpg|Summer (and even winter, in the south) are great for refreshing fruit juices.<br />
</gallery> <br />
<br />
[[Category:Izaland]]<br />
{{Navbox topics<br />
| terr = Izaland<br />
| neighbors = {{Kojo}}<br />
| regional-orgs = [[ASUN]]<br />
}}</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=File:Namiki_logo.svg&diff=20394File:Namiki logo.svg2023-11-19T10:33:02Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: Izaland Terramorphing Committee moved page File:Namiki logo.svg.svg to File:Namiki logo.svg: extension doubled</p>
<hr />
<div>== Summary ==<br />
[[Category:Izaland]]<br />
[[Category:Logos of vehicle producers]]<br />
== Licensing ==<br />
{{Cc-by-nc}}</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=File:Namiki_logo.svg&diff=20389File:Namiki logo.svg2023-11-18T23:50:50Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: </p>
<hr />
<div>== Summary ==<br />
[[Category:Izaland]]<br />
[[Category:Logos of vehicle producers]]<br />
== Licensing ==<br />
{{Cc-by-nc}}</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=File:Namiki_logo.svg&diff=20388File:Namiki logo.svg2023-11-18T23:50:00Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: Category:Izaland</p>
<hr />
<div>== Summary ==<br />
[[Category:Izaland]]<br />
== Licensing ==<br />
{{Cc-by-nc}}</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=User:Izaland_Terramorphing_Committee/Sandbox/Infrastructure&diff=20375User:Izaland Terramorphing Committee/Sandbox/Infrastructure2023-11-18T00:17:17Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: /* Izarail (former National Railways of Izaland, now privatized) */</p>
<hr />
<div>This is the sandbox for Izaland' infrastructure. <br><br />
𖬑ᐤ𖬭ᛁᐢ 華邦ᒢ 基設ᒢ 情報 ꓩ𖬮𖬬ɭ. (''Tsokin Izakis estonores jōpō yo.'')<br />
<br />
Leaving here only information to be updated or reshaped.<br />
(large moving to canonic articles in May 2023)<br />
<br />
== Railways ==<br />
=== Izarail (former National Railways of Izaland, now privatized) ===<br />
<br />
===== IZX High Speed Rail =====<br />
List of services and Stations<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+IZX Keishin Line (IZX京深線)<br />
! colspan="3" |Station<br />
! colspan="3" |Distance<br />
! colspan="7" |Services<br />
! rowspan="2" |Location<br />
|-<br />
!Code<br />
!alphabet<br />
!Izaki<br />
!''<small>from Sainðaul</small>''<br />
!''<small>from Sakamuso</small>''<br />
!'''''<small>between Stations</small>'''''<br />
!<small>A</small><br />
!<small>B</small><br />
! colspan="2" |<small>C</small><br />
!<small>D</small><br />
!<small>E</small><br />
!<small>F</small><br />
|-<br />
|K01<br />
|'''Sainðaul Central'''<br />
|作安崎中央<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K02<br />
|'''Niji-Sainðaul'''<br />
|西作安崎<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K03<br />
|'''Asunahama International Airport'''<br />
|天島國際空港<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K31<br />
|Pyanuza<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K32<br />
|Nagayamatsu<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K33<br />
|Keishunneul<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K101<br />
|'''Sakamuso'''<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K102<br />
|Showanul<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K103<br />
|Katayoshi<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K104<br />
|Illashiya<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K105<br />
|Chōpatsu<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K106<br />
|Kohtosōre<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K04<br />
|Hashimakori<br />
|示万飯<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| -<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K05<br />
|Wodoriha IR<br />
|渉高IR<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| -<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K06<br />
|Shin-Eriraul<br />
|新繰羅崎<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K07<br />
|Nappawa<br />
|那覇輪<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| -<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K08<br />
|Otsumi-Komishinan<br />
|南古邊南<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K09<br />
|Kamahoraya<br />
|寺稲野<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K10<br />
|'''Shin-Kichatsura Teba'''<br />
|新龜茶夕𠂤馬<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K11<br />
|Nugamochi<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K12<br />
|'''Panaireki'''<br />
|若浦<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K13<br />
|Hyomonan Resort<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K14<br />
|Shin-Imihatsorul<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K15<br />
|Naeba<br />
|内波<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K16<br />
|Eyenniyul Juwon<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K17<br />
|'''Warohan'''<br />
|深彎<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="14" |''Trains continue onto the IZX Nankai Line through to Daishin''<br />
|-<br />
|N1<br />
|Satsokoibo<br />
|青袋<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|N2<br />
|Shin-Nuskajui<br />
|新廣壁<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|N3<br />
|'''Daishin'''<br />
|大進<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+IZX Ryānkai Line (IZX兩海線)<br />
! colspan="3" |Station<br />
! colspan="2" |Distance<br />
! colspan="5" |Services<br />
!Location<br />
|-<br />
!Code<br />
!alphabet<br />
!Izaki<br />
!''<small>from Sainðaul</small>''<br />
!'''''<small>between Stations</small>'''''<br />
!?<br />
!?<br />
!?<br />
!?<br />
!?<br />
!<br />
|-<br />
|R01<br />
|'''Sainðaul Central'''<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R02<br />
|Asaji Torimoshi<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R03<br />
|Shin-Enikezya<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R04<br />
|Nari-Odanuri<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R05<br />
|Todakuri-Tojirushi<br />
《Kosui Chiku》<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R06<br />
|Isadashi<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R07<br />
|Beikejo<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R08<br />
|Rinnajin<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R09<br />
|Gaintei<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R10<br />
|Humabe Kukujai Resort<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R11<br />
|Fukuoka<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R12<br />
|Kahenji-Nukkistama<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R13<br />
|Ōdakaida-Ranku<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R14<br />
|Riyatoma<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R15<br />
|Kōsa-Hannan<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R16<br />
|Shin-Makkenoke<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R17<br />
|Soritsun Kōwen<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R18<br />
|Hentsari-Donan<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R19<br />
|Chunnitai<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R20<br />
|Shin-Pekonai<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|R21<br />
|Sannupuri<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Other private railways ===<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+ List of the main private railways of Izaland<br />
|-<br />
! Operator !! City/area !! Lines !! Lenght<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="7" | Saibu Railways<br />
西部電鐵 <br />
| rowspan="7" | West Saindzaul || Saibu Sasatotsu Line || 51.91 km<br />
|-<br />
|Saibu Panatsawa Line<br />
|12.17 km<br />
|-<br />
|Saibu Katayoshi Line<br />
|53.97 km<br />
|-<br />
|Saibu Pyasen Line<br />
|20.06 km<br />
|-<br />
|Saibu Ekawase Line<br />
|17.23 km<br />
|-<br />
|Saibu Komokata Line<br />
|36.27 km<br />
|-<br />
|Saibu Niji Line<br />
|37.13 km<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2" | Rinkyun Railway || rowspan="2" | West Saindzaul, Komokata || Rinkyun Main Line || TBD<br />
|-<br />
|Rinkyun Kirijima Line<br />
|TBD<br />
|-<br />
| Example || Example || Example || Example<br />
|}<br />
=== City codes ===<br />
For the railway ticketing services and related purposes, 3 letter codes are assigned to the main stations in Izaland. <br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"<br />
|+ Railway Codes<br />
|-<br />
! Station!! Code<br />
!City<br />
|-<br />
| Saindzaul Central || SCL<br />
|Saindzaul<br />
|-<br />
| Warohan Central || WRC<br />
|Warohan<br />
|-<br />
| Panaireki || PRK<br />
|Panaireki<br />
|-<br />
|Kasakuri<br />
|KKR<br />
|Saindzaul<br />
|-<br />
|Riimibaiken<br />
|RBK<br />
|Riimibaiken<br />
|-<br />
|Riyatoma<br />
|RYM<br />
|Riyatoma<br />
|-<br />
|Makkenoke<br />
|MKK<br />
|Makkenoke<br />
|-<br />
|Sannupuri<br />
|SNP<br />
|Sannupuri<br />
|-<br />
|Sonzhin<br />
|SZH<br />
|Sonzhin<br />
|-<br />
|Sahnajima<br />
|SHJ<br />
|Sahnajima<br />
|-<br />
|Shirukami<br />
|SRK<br />
|Shirukami<br />
|-<br />
|Daishin<br />
|DAI<br />
|Daishin<br />
|-<br />
|Kanlisahna<br />
|KLS<br />
|Kanlisahna<br />
|-<br />
|Isadashi<br />
|ISD<br />
|Isadashi<br />
|-<br />
|Shiitehongi<br />
|STH<br />
|Saindzaul<br />
|-<br />
|Herubori<br />
|HBR<br />
|Saindzaul<br />
|-<br />
|Oitsura<br />
|OIR<br />
|Oitsura<br />
|-<br />
|Tohpatogu<br />
|THP<br />
|Tohpatogu<br />
|-<br />
|Tyensen<br />
|TYS<br />
|Tyensen<br />
|-<br />
|Hashimakori<br />
|HSK<br />
|Hashimakori<br />
|-<br />
|Illashiya<br />
|ILS<br />
|Illashiya<br />
|-<br />
|Kawayatsu<br />
|KWY<br />
|Kawayatsu<br />
|-<br />
|Asunahama Airport<br />
|SUL<br />
|Bibaisone<br />
|-<br />
|Odanuri<br />
|ODN<br />
|Odanuri<br />
|-<br />
|Igattarun<br />
|IGR<br />
|Igattarun<br />
|-<br />
|Wesedaku<br />
|WSD<br />
|Wesedaku<br />
|-<br />
|Jinneisoke<br />
|JNS<br />
|Jinneisoke<br />
|-<br />
|Matsukasai<br />
|MKS<br />
|Matsukasai<br />
|-<br />
|Reilusahna<br />
|RLS<br />
|Reilusahna<br />
|-<br />
|Nagareki<br />
|NGR<br />
|Nagareki<br />
|-<br />
|Poridake<br />
|PRD<br />
|Poridake<br />
|-<br />
|Yamagata<br />
|YMG<br />
|Yamagata<br />
|-<br />
|Pantsōn<br />
|PNS<br />
|Pantsōn<br />
|-<br />
|Iberoyaki<br />
|IBR<br />
|Iberoyaki<br />
|-<br />
|Naeba<br />
|NEB<br />
|Naeba<br />
|-<br />
|Katasogi<br />
|KTS<br />
|Katasogi<br />
|-<br />
|Makkatade<br />
|MKD<br />
|Makkatade<br />
|-<br />
|Satsokoibo<br />
|SKB<br />
|Satsokoibo<br />
|-<br />
|Nuskajui<br />
|NKJ<br />
|Nuskajui<br />
|-<br />
|Kokennake Juwon<br />
|KKN<br />
|Warohan<br />
|-<br />
|Eyenniyul<br />
|EYL<br />
|Eyenniyul<br />
|-<br />
|Chanabori<br />
|CHB<br />
|Chanabori<br />
|-<br />
|Taemoigon<br />
|TMG<br />
|Taemoigon<br />
|-<br />
|Asaji-Torimoshi<br />
|ATM<br />
|Saindzaul<br />
|-<br />
|Pewanari<br />
|PWN<br />
|Pewanari<br />
|-<br />
|Shiki-Sabullan<br />
|SLS<br />
|Sabullan<br />
|-<br />
|Sabullan<br />
|SBL<br />
|Sabullan<br />
|-<br />
|Niji-Shiratsuki<br />
|SRW<br />
|Shiratsuki<br />
|-<br />
|Hidano-Juwon<br />
|HDC<br />
|Hidano<br />
|-<br />
|Hajayatsu<br />
|HJY<br />
|Hajayatsu<br />
|-<br />
|Funoshoni<br />
|FSN<br />
|Funoshoni<br />
|-<br />
|Eriraul<br />
|ERL<br />
|Eriraul<br />
|-<br />
|Komishinan<br />
|KMN<br />
|Komishinan<br />
|-<br />
|Nappawa<br />
|NPW<br />
|Nappawa<br />
|-<br />
|Nugamochi<br />
|NGM<br />
|Nugamochi<br />
|-<br />
|Shin-Kichatsura Teba<br />
|SKC<br />
|Kichatsura<br />
|-<br />
|Samowake<br />
|SMK<br />
|Samowake<br />
|-<br />
|Nutsuno<br />
|NNO<br />
|Nutsuno<br />
|-<br />
|Deikomari<br />
|DKM<br />
|Deikomari<br />
|-<br />
|Jukandera<br />
|JKD<br />
|Jukandera<br />
|-<br />
|Sasatotsu<br />
|SST<br />
|Sasatotsu<br />
|-<br />
|Onnojaris<br />
|OJR<br />
|Onnojaris<br />
|-<br />
|Katayoshi Juwon<br />
|KYJ<br />
|Katayoshi<br />
|-<br />
|Honutsaki<br />
|HNT<br />
|Honutsaki<br />
|-<br />
|Arasano<br />
|ASN<br />
|Arasano<br />
|-<br />
|Rinōn<br />
|RNN<br />
|Rinōn<br />
|} <br />
<br />
===Subways===<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"<br />
|+Cities with Subway networks in Izaland<br />
!City<br />
!Number of lines<br />
!System Lenght<br />
!Stations number<br />
!Daily users<br />
!Data<br />
|-<br />
|Saindzaul<br />
|19<br />
|673.93 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Warohan<br />
|8<br />
|217.90 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Panaireki<br />
|8<br />
|193.81 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Kichatsura<br />
|4<br />
|93.47 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Sannupuri<br />
|4<br />
|107.59 km<br />
|<br />
|1.256.000<br />
|2020<br />
|-<br />
|Riyatoma<br />
|4<br />
|114.26 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Makkenoke<br />
|3<br />
|95.66 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Daishin<br />
|3<br />
|73.54 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Illashiya<br />
|2<br />
|46.90 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Riimibaiken<br />
|1<br />
|11.47 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Kanlisahna<br />
|2<br />
|71.35 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Sahnajima<br />
|2<br />
|29.95 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Shirukami<br />
|1<br />
|17.17 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Isadashi<br />
|2<br />
|48.17 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Nagareki<br />
|2<br />
|57.59 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Nugamochi<br />
|3<br />
|59.56 km <br />
|<br />
|300.000<br />
|2021<br />
|-<br />
|Pewanari<br />
|1<br />
|21.69 km<br />
|15<br />
|126.000<br />
|2021<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Road system ==<br />
<br />
== Aviation ==<br />
<br />
=== Airlines ===<br />
Izaland has two major airlines: '''Izaland Airlines''' ('''IZ'''), the flag carrier, and '''Uletha Eastern Airways''' ('''UE''').<br />
<br />
==== Izaland Airlines ====</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=User:Izaland_Terramorphing_Committee/Sandbox/Infrastructure&diff=20340User:Izaland Terramorphing Committee/Sandbox/Infrastructure2023-11-15T05:38:55Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: /* IZX High Speed Rail */</p>
<hr />
<div>This is the sandbox for Izaland' infrastructure. <br><br />
𖬑ᐤ𖬭ᛁᐢ 華邦ᒢ 基設ᒢ 情報 ꓩ𖬮𖬬ɭ. (''Tsokin Izakis estonores jōpō yo.'')<br />
<br />
Leaving here only information to be updated or reshaped.<br />
(large moving to canonic articles in May 2023)<br />
<br />
== Railways ==<br />
=== Izarail (former National Railways of Izaland, now privatized) ===<br />
<br />
===== IZX High Speed Rail =====<br />
List of services and Stations<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+IZX Keishin Line<br />
! colspan="3" |Station<br />
! colspan="3" |Distance<br />
! colspan="7" |Services<br />
! rowspan="2" |Location<br />
|-<br />
!Code<br />
!alphabet<br />
!Izaki<br />
!''<small>from Sainðaul</small>''<br />
!''<small>from Sakamuso</small>''<br />
!'''''<small>between Stations</small>'''''<br />
!<small>A</small><br />
!<small>B</small><br />
! colspan="2" |<small>C</small><br />
!<small>D</small><br />
!<small>E</small><br />
!<small>F</small><br />
|-<br />
|K1<br />
|'''Sainðaul Central'''<br />
|作安崎中央<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K2<br />
|'''Niji-Sainðaul'''<br />
|西作安崎<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K3<br />
|'''Asunahama International Airport'''<br />
|天島國際空港<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K31<br />
|Pyanuza<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K32<br />
|Nagayamatsu<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K33<br />
|Keishunneul<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K101<br />
|'''Sakamuso'''<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K102<br />
|Showanul<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K103<br />
|Katayoshi<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K104<br />
|Illashiya<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K105<br />
|Chōpatsu<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K106<br />
|Kohtosōre<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K4<br />
|Hashimakori<br />
|示万飯<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| -<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K5<br />
|Wodoriha IR<br />
|渉高IR<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| -<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K6<br />
|Shin-Eriraul<br />
|新繰羅崎<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K7<br />
|Nappawa<br />
|那覇輪<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| -<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K8<br />
|Otsumi-Komishinan<br />
|南古邊南<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K9<br />
|Kamahoraya<br />
|寺稲野<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K10<br />
|'''Shin-Kichatsura Teba'''<br />
|新龜茶夕𠂤馬<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K11<br />
|Nugamochi<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K12<br />
|'''Panaireki'''<br />
|若浦<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K13<br />
|Hyomonan Resort<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K14<br />
|Shin-Imihatsorul<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K15<br />
|Naeba<br />
|内波<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K16<br />
|Eyenniyul Juwon<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K17<br />
|'''Warohan'''<br />
|深彎<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="14" |''Trains continue onto the IZX Nankai Line through to Daishin''<br />
|-<br />
|N1<br />
|Satsokoibo<br />
|青袋<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|N2<br />
|Shin-Nuskajui<br />
|新廣壁<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|N3<br />
|'''Daishin'''<br />
|大進<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Other private railways ===<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+ List of the main private railways of Izaland<br />
|-<br />
! Operator !! City/area !! Lines !! Lenght<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="7" | Saibu Railways<br />
西部電鐵 <br />
| rowspan="7" | West Saindzaul || Saibu Sasatotsu Line || 51.91 km<br />
|-<br />
|Saibu Panatsawa Line<br />
|12.17 km<br />
|-<br />
|Saibu Katayoshi Line<br />
|53.97 km<br />
|-<br />
|Saibu Pyasen Line<br />
|20.06 km<br />
|-<br />
|Saibu Ekawase Line<br />
|17.23 km<br />
|-<br />
|Saibu Komokata Line<br />
|36.27 km<br />
|-<br />
|Saibu Niji Line<br />
|37.13 km<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2" | Rinkyun Railway || rowspan="2" | West Saindzaul, Komokata || Rinkyun Main Line || TBD<br />
|-<br />
|Rinkyun Kirijima Line<br />
|TBD<br />
|-<br />
| Example || Example || Example || Example<br />
|}<br />
=== City codes ===<br />
For the railway ticketing services and related purposes, 3 letter codes are assigned to the main stations in Izaland. <br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"<br />
|+ Railway Codes<br />
|-<br />
! Station!! Code<br />
!City<br />
|-<br />
| Saindzaul Central || SCL<br />
|Saindzaul<br />
|-<br />
| Warohan Central || WRC<br />
|Warohan<br />
|-<br />
| Panaireki || PRK<br />
|Panaireki<br />
|-<br />
|Kasakuri<br />
|KKR<br />
|Saindzaul<br />
|-<br />
|Riimibaiken<br />
|RBK<br />
|Riimibaiken<br />
|-<br />
|Riyatoma<br />
|RYM<br />
|Riyatoma<br />
|-<br />
|Makkenoke<br />
|MKK<br />
|Makkenoke<br />
|-<br />
|Sannupuri<br />
|SNP<br />
|Sannupuri<br />
|-<br />
|Sonzhin<br />
|SZH<br />
|Sonzhin<br />
|-<br />
|Sahnajima<br />
|SHJ<br />
|Sahnajima<br />
|-<br />
|Shirukami<br />
|SRK<br />
|Shirukami<br />
|-<br />
|Daishin<br />
|DAI<br />
|Daishin<br />
|-<br />
|Kanlisahna<br />
|KLS<br />
|Kanlisahna<br />
|-<br />
|Isadashi<br />
|ISD<br />
|Isadashi<br />
|-<br />
|Shiitehongi<br />
|STH<br />
|Saindzaul<br />
|-<br />
|Herubori<br />
|HBR<br />
|Saindzaul<br />
|-<br />
|Oitsura<br />
|OIR<br />
|Oitsura<br />
|-<br />
|Tohpatogu<br />
|THP<br />
|Tohpatogu<br />
|-<br />
|Tyensen<br />
|TYS<br />
|Tyensen<br />
|-<br />
|Hashimakori<br />
|HSK<br />
|Hashimakori<br />
|-<br />
|Illashiya<br />
|ILS<br />
|Illashiya<br />
|-<br />
|Kawayatsu<br />
|KWY<br />
|Kawayatsu<br />
|-<br />
|Asunahama Airport<br />
|SUL<br />
|Bibaisone<br />
|-<br />
|Odanuri<br />
|ODN<br />
|Odanuri<br />
|-<br />
|Igattarun<br />
|IGR<br />
|Igattarun<br />
|-<br />
|Wesedaku<br />
|WSD<br />
|Wesedaku<br />
|-<br />
|Jinneisoke<br />
|JNS<br />
|Jinneisoke<br />
|-<br />
|Matsukasai<br />
|MKS<br />
|Matsukasai<br />
|-<br />
|Reilusahna<br />
|RLS<br />
|Reilusahna<br />
|-<br />
|Nagareki<br />
|NGR<br />
|Nagareki<br />
|-<br />
|Poridake<br />
|PRD<br />
|Poridake<br />
|-<br />
|Yamagata<br />
|YMG<br />
|Yamagata<br />
|-<br />
|Pantsōn<br />
|PNS<br />
|Pantsōn<br />
|-<br />
|Iberoyaki<br />
|IBR<br />
|Iberoyaki<br />
|-<br />
|Naeba<br />
|NEB<br />
|Naeba<br />
|-<br />
|Katasogi<br />
|KTS<br />
|Katasogi<br />
|-<br />
|Makkatade<br />
|MKD<br />
|Makkatade<br />
|-<br />
|Satsokoibo<br />
|SKB<br />
|Satsokoibo<br />
|-<br />
|Nuskajui<br />
|NKJ<br />
|Nuskajui<br />
|-<br />
|Kokennake Juwon<br />
|KKN<br />
|Warohan<br />
|-<br />
|Eyenniyul<br />
|EYL<br />
|Eyenniyul<br />
|-<br />
|Chanabori<br />
|CHB<br />
|Chanabori<br />
|-<br />
|Taemoigon<br />
|TMG<br />
|Taemoigon<br />
|-<br />
|Asaji-Torimoshi<br />
|ATM<br />
|Saindzaul<br />
|-<br />
|Pewanari<br />
|PWN<br />
|Pewanari<br />
|-<br />
|Shiki-Sabullan<br />
|SLS<br />
|Sabullan<br />
|-<br />
|Sabullan<br />
|SBL<br />
|Sabullan<br />
|-<br />
|Niji-Shiratsuki<br />
|SRW<br />
|Shiratsuki<br />
|-<br />
|Hidano-Juwon<br />
|HDC<br />
|Hidano<br />
|-<br />
|Hajayatsu<br />
|HJY<br />
|Hajayatsu<br />
|-<br />
|Funoshoni<br />
|FSN<br />
|Funoshoni<br />
|-<br />
|Eriraul<br />
|ERL<br />
|Eriraul<br />
|-<br />
|Komishinan<br />
|KMN<br />
|Komishinan<br />
|-<br />
|Nappawa<br />
|NPW<br />
|Nappawa<br />
|-<br />
|Nugamochi<br />
|NGM<br />
|Nugamochi<br />
|-<br />
|Shin-Kichatsura Teba<br />
|SKC<br />
|Kichatsura<br />
|-<br />
|Samowake<br />
|SMK<br />
|Samowake<br />
|-<br />
|Nutsuno<br />
|NNO<br />
|Nutsuno<br />
|-<br />
|Deikomari<br />
|DKM<br />
|Deikomari<br />
|-<br />
|Jukandera<br />
|JKD<br />
|Jukandera<br />
|-<br />
|Sasatotsu<br />
|SST<br />
|Sasatotsu<br />
|-<br />
|Onnojaris<br />
|OJR<br />
|Onnojaris<br />
|-<br />
|Katayoshi Juwon<br />
|KYJ<br />
|Katayoshi<br />
|-<br />
|Honutsaki<br />
|HNT<br />
|Honutsaki<br />
|-<br />
|Arasano<br />
|ASN<br />
|Arasano<br />
|-<br />
|Rinōn<br />
|RNN<br />
|Rinōn<br />
|} <br />
<br />
===Subways===<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"<br />
|+Cities with Subway networks in Izaland<br />
!City<br />
!Number of lines<br />
!System Lenght<br />
!Stations number<br />
!Daily users<br />
!Data<br />
|-<br />
|Saindzaul<br />
|19<br />
|673.93 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Warohan<br />
|8<br />
|217.90 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Panaireki<br />
|8<br />
|193.81 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Kichatsura<br />
|4<br />
|93.47 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Sannupuri<br />
|4<br />
|107.59 km<br />
|<br />
|1.256.000<br />
|2020<br />
|-<br />
|Riyatoma<br />
|4<br />
|114.26 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Makkenoke<br />
|3<br />
|95.66 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Daishin<br />
|3<br />
|73.54 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Illashiya<br />
|2<br />
|46.90 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Riimibaiken<br />
|1<br />
|11.47 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Kanlisahna<br />
|2<br />
|71.35 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Sahnajima<br />
|2<br />
|29.95 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Shirukami<br />
|1<br />
|17.17 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Isadashi<br />
|2<br />
|48.17 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Nagareki<br />
|2<br />
|57.59 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Nugamochi<br />
|3<br />
|59.56 km <br />
|<br />
|300.000<br />
|2021<br />
|-<br />
|Pewanari<br />
|1<br />
|21.69 km<br />
|15<br />
|126.000<br />
|2021<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Road system ==<br />
<br />
== Aviation ==<br />
<br />
=== Airlines ===<br />
Izaland has two major airlines: '''Izaland Airlines''' ('''IZ'''), the flag carrier, and '''Uletha Eastern Airways''' ('''UE''').<br />
<br />
==== Izaland Airlines ====</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=User:Izaland_Terramorphing_Committee/Sandbox/Infrastructure&diff=20324User:Izaland Terramorphing Committee/Sandbox/Infrastructure2023-11-14T04:44:30Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: /* Railways */</p>
<hr />
<div>This is the sandbox for Izaland' infrastructure. <br><br />
𖬑ᐤ𖬭ᛁᐢ 華邦ᒢ 基設ᒢ 情報 ꓩ𖬮𖬬ɭ. (''Tsokin Izakis estonores jōpō yo.'')<br />
<br />
Leaving here only information to be updated or reshaped.<br />
(large moving to canonic articles in May 2023)<br />
<br />
== Railways ==<br />
=== Izarail (former National Railways of Izaland, now privatized) ===<br />
<br />
===== IZX High Speed Rail =====<br />
List of services and Stations<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+IZX Keishin Line<br />
! colspan="3" |Station<br />
! colspan="2" |Distance<br />
! colspan="7" |Services<br />
! rowspan="2" |Location<br />
|-<br />
!Code<br />
!alphabet<br />
!Izaki<br />
!''<small>from Sainðaul</small>''<br />
!'''''<small>between Stations</small>'''''<br />
!<small>A</small><br />
!<small>B</small><br />
! colspan="2" |<small>C</small><br />
!<small>D</small><br />
!<small>E</small><br />
!<small>F</small><br />
|-<br />
|K1<br />
|Sainðaul Central<br />
|作安崎中央<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K2<br />
|Niji-Sainðaul<br />
|西作安崎<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K3<br />
|Asunahama International Airport<br />
|天島國際空港<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K31<br />
|Pyanuza<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K32<br />
|Nagayamatsu<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K33<br />
|Keishunneul<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K101<br />
|Sakamuso<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K102<br />
|Showanul<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K103<br />
|Katayoshi<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K104<br />
|Illashiya<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K105<br />
|Chōpatsu<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K106<br />
|Kohtosōre<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K4<br />
|Hashimakori<br />
|示万飯<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| -<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K5<br />
|Wodoriha IR<br />
|渉高IR<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| -<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K6<br />
|Shin-Eriraul<br />
|新繰羅崎<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K7<br />
|Nappawa<br />
|那覇輪<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| -<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K8<br />
|Otsumi-Komishinan<br />
|南古邊南<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K9<br />
|Kamahoraya<br />
|寺稲野<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K10<br />
|Shin-Kichatsura Teba<br />
|新龜茶夕𠂤馬<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K11<br />
|Nugamochi<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K12<br />
|Panaireki<br />
|若浦<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K13<br />
|Hyomonan Resort<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K14<br />
|Shin-Imihatsorul<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K15<br />
|Naeba<br />
|内波<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K16<br />
|Eyenniyul Juwon<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|<nowiki>|</nowiki><br />
|●<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|K17<br />
|Warohan<br />
|深彎<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
| -<br />
| -<br />
|●<br />
|●<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Other private railways ===<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+ List of the main private railways of Izaland<br />
|-<br />
! Operator !! City/area !! Lines !! Lenght<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="7" | Saibu Railways<br />
西部電鐵 <br />
| rowspan="7" | West Saindzaul || Saibu Sasatotsu Line || 51.91 km<br />
|-<br />
|Saibu Panatsawa Line<br />
|12.17 km<br />
|-<br />
|Saibu Katayoshi Line<br />
|53.97 km<br />
|-<br />
|Saibu Pyasen Line<br />
|20.06 km<br />
|-<br />
|Saibu Ekawase Line<br />
|17.23 km<br />
|-<br />
|Saibu Komokata Line<br />
|36.27 km<br />
|-<br />
|Saibu Niji Line<br />
|37.13 km<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2" | Rinkyun Railway || rowspan="2" | West Saindzaul, Komokata || Rinkyun Main Line || TBD<br />
|-<br />
|Rinkyun Kirijima Line<br />
|TBD<br />
|-<br />
| Example || Example || Example || Example<br />
|}<br />
=== City codes ===<br />
For the railway ticketing services and related purposes, 3 letter codes are assigned to the main stations in Izaland. <br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"<br />
|+ Railway Codes<br />
|-<br />
! Station!! Code<br />
!City<br />
|-<br />
| Saindzaul Central || SCL<br />
|Saindzaul<br />
|-<br />
| Warohan Central || WRC<br />
|Warohan<br />
|-<br />
| Panaireki || PRK<br />
|Panaireki<br />
|-<br />
|Kasakuri<br />
|KKR<br />
|Saindzaul<br />
|-<br />
|Riimibaiken<br />
|RBK<br />
|Riimibaiken<br />
|-<br />
|Riyatoma<br />
|RYM<br />
|Riyatoma<br />
|-<br />
|Makkenoke<br />
|MKK<br />
|Makkenoke<br />
|-<br />
|Sannupuri<br />
|SNP<br />
|Sannupuri<br />
|-<br />
|Sonzhin<br />
|SZH<br />
|Sonzhin<br />
|-<br />
|Sahnajima<br />
|SHJ<br />
|Sahnajima<br />
|-<br />
|Shirukami<br />
|SRK<br />
|Shirukami<br />
|-<br />
|Daishin<br />
|DAI<br />
|Daishin<br />
|-<br />
|Kanlisahna<br />
|KLS<br />
|Kanlisahna<br />
|-<br />
|Isadashi<br />
|ISD<br />
|Isadashi<br />
|-<br />
|Shiitehongi<br />
|STH<br />
|Saindzaul<br />
|-<br />
|Herubori<br />
|HBR<br />
|Saindzaul<br />
|-<br />
|Oitsura<br />
|OIR<br />
|Oitsura<br />
|-<br />
|Tohpatogu<br />
|THP<br />
|Tohpatogu<br />
|-<br />
|Tyensen<br />
|TYS<br />
|Tyensen<br />
|-<br />
|Hashimakori<br />
|HSK<br />
|Hashimakori<br />
|-<br />
|Illashiya<br />
|ILS<br />
|Illashiya<br />
|-<br />
|Kawayatsu<br />
|KWY<br />
|Kawayatsu<br />
|-<br />
|Asunahama Airport<br />
|SUL<br />
|Bibaisone<br />
|-<br />
|Odanuri<br />
|ODN<br />
|Odanuri<br />
|-<br />
|Igattarun<br />
|IGR<br />
|Igattarun<br />
|-<br />
|Wesedaku<br />
|WSD<br />
|Wesedaku<br />
|-<br />
|Jinneisoke<br />
|JNS<br />
|Jinneisoke<br />
|-<br />
|Matsukasai<br />
|MKS<br />
|Matsukasai<br />
|-<br />
|Reilusahna<br />
|RLS<br />
|Reilusahna<br />
|-<br />
|Nagareki<br />
|NGR<br />
|Nagareki<br />
|-<br />
|Poridake<br />
|PRD<br />
|Poridake<br />
|-<br />
|Yamagata<br />
|YMG<br />
|Yamagata<br />
|-<br />
|Pantsōn<br />
|PNS<br />
|Pantsōn<br />
|-<br />
|Iberoyaki<br />
|IBR<br />
|Iberoyaki<br />
|-<br />
|Naeba<br />
|NEB<br />
|Naeba<br />
|-<br />
|Katasogi<br />
|KTS<br />
|Katasogi<br />
|-<br />
|Makkatade<br />
|MKD<br />
|Makkatade<br />
|-<br />
|Satsokoibo<br />
|SKB<br />
|Satsokoibo<br />
|-<br />
|Nuskajui<br />
|NKJ<br />
|Nuskajui<br />
|-<br />
|Kokennake Juwon<br />
|KKN<br />
|Warohan<br />
|-<br />
|Eyenniyul<br />
|EYL<br />
|Eyenniyul<br />
|-<br />
|Chanabori<br />
|CHB<br />
|Chanabori<br />
|-<br />
|Taemoigon<br />
|TMG<br />
|Taemoigon<br />
|-<br />
|Asaji-Torimoshi<br />
|ATM<br />
|Saindzaul<br />
|-<br />
|Pewanari<br />
|PWN<br />
|Pewanari<br />
|-<br />
|Shiki-Sabullan<br />
|SLS<br />
|Sabullan<br />
|-<br />
|Sabullan<br />
|SBL<br />
|Sabullan<br />
|-<br />
|Niji-Shiratsuki<br />
|SRW<br />
|Shiratsuki<br />
|-<br />
|Hidano-Juwon<br />
|HDC<br />
|Hidano<br />
|-<br />
|Hajayatsu<br />
|HJY<br />
|Hajayatsu<br />
|-<br />
|Funoshoni<br />
|FSN<br />
|Funoshoni<br />
|-<br />
|Eriraul<br />
|ERL<br />
|Eriraul<br />
|-<br />
|Komishinan<br />
|KMN<br />
|Komishinan<br />
|-<br />
|Nappawa<br />
|NPW<br />
|Nappawa<br />
|-<br />
|Nugamochi<br />
|NGM<br />
|Nugamochi<br />
|-<br />
|Shin-Kichatsura Teba<br />
|SKC<br />
|Kichatsura<br />
|-<br />
|Samowake<br />
|SMK<br />
|Samowake<br />
|-<br />
|Nutsuno<br />
|NNO<br />
|Nutsuno<br />
|-<br />
|Deikomari<br />
|DKM<br />
|Deikomari<br />
|-<br />
|Jukandera<br />
|JKD<br />
|Jukandera<br />
|-<br />
|Sasatotsu<br />
|SST<br />
|Sasatotsu<br />
|-<br />
|Onnojaris<br />
|OJR<br />
|Onnojaris<br />
|-<br />
|Katayoshi Juwon<br />
|KYJ<br />
|Katayoshi<br />
|-<br />
|Honutsaki<br />
|HNT<br />
|Honutsaki<br />
|-<br />
|Arasano<br />
|ASN<br />
|Arasano<br />
|-<br />
|Rinōn<br />
|RNN<br />
|Rinōn<br />
|} <br />
<br />
===Subways===<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"<br />
|+Cities with Subway networks in Izaland<br />
!City<br />
!Number of lines<br />
!System Lenght<br />
!Stations number<br />
!Daily users<br />
!Data<br />
|-<br />
|Saindzaul<br />
|19<br />
|673.93 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Warohan<br />
|8<br />
|217.90 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Panaireki<br />
|8<br />
|193.81 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Kichatsura<br />
|4<br />
|93.47 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Sannupuri<br />
|4<br />
|107.59 km<br />
|<br />
|1.256.000<br />
|2020<br />
|-<br />
|Riyatoma<br />
|4<br />
|114.26 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Makkenoke<br />
|3<br />
|95.66 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Daishin<br />
|3<br />
|73.54 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Illashiya<br />
|2<br />
|46.90 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Riimibaiken<br />
|1<br />
|11.47 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Kanlisahna<br />
|2<br />
|71.35 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Sahnajima<br />
|2<br />
|29.95 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Shirukami<br />
|1<br />
|17.17 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Isadashi<br />
|2<br />
|48.17 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Nagareki<br />
|2<br />
|57.59 km<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Nugamochi<br />
|3<br />
|59.56 km <br />
|<br />
|300.000<br />
|2021<br />
|-<br />
|Pewanari<br />
|1<br />
|21.69 km<br />
|15<br />
|126.000<br />
|2021<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Road system ==<br />
<br />
== Aviation ==<br />
<br />
=== Airlines ===<br />
Izaland has two major airlines: '''Izaland Airlines''' ('''IZ'''), the flag carrier, and '''Uletha Eastern Airways''' ('''UE''').<br />
<br />
==== Izaland Airlines ====</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=User:Izaland_Terramorphing_Committee/Sandbox/Diplomatic_presence&diff=20322User:Izaland Terramorphing Committee/Sandbox/Diplomatic presence2023-11-14T03:50:03Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: Luthesien ⋙ Luthesia</p>
<hr />
<div>This list tries to categorise all the Embassies located in Saindzaul. <br />
Soon I will try to add all the Izaki embassies built worldwide (if you notice and can add yours, I will be grateful!)<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" <br />
! Country<br />
! (in Izaki)<br />
! in Izaland<br />
! Abroad<br />
! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| {{Allendea}}<br />
| Allendea (𖬮𖬈𖬳ɭᐢ𖬒𖬰ɭ𖬮)<br />
| {{way|24049824|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|246486411|Catamia/Katamya''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Antharia}}<br />
| Antarya (𖬮ᐢ𖬁𐭘𖬬)<br />
| {{way|18981303|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|271408096|Borrodin/Borodīn ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Ambrosia}}<br />
| Anburozhi (𖬮ᐢ𖬇𖬰𐐢𖬬ᐤ𖬔𖬰ᛁ)<br />
| {{relation|266149|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|246952562|Port Ambroise/Pōtanburozhi ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Aorangea}}<br />
| Aorangea (𖬮'ᐤ𖬬ᐢ𖬭𖬰ɭ𖬮)<br />
| {{way|270252099|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Ardencia}}<br />
| Ardenshia (𖬮ᣗ𖬒𖬰ɭᐢ𖬔ᛁ𖬮)<br />
| {{way|24109301|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Artenia}}<br />
| Artenya (TBD)<br />
| {{way|329841294|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{way|329701532|Arténie-Ville ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Bai Empire}}<br />
| Taipyaku Chekuku (''Pyakkuku'')<br />
(大百帝國(百國))<br />
|{{way|25985986|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|273755185|Xiongjing'/Yūkei '(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Barzona}}<br />
| Bartsona (𖬇𖬰ᣗ𖬑ᐤ𖭑)<br />
| {{node|246615106|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|246747784|Carante/Karante ''(embassy)''}} <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Novakia}}<br />
| Belguravya (𖬇𖬰ɭᐡ𖬭𖬰𐐢𖬬𐭘𖬌𖬰)<br />
| {{way|25870225|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Belphenia}}<br />
| Belfenya (𖬇𖬰ɭᐡ𖬌ɭ𐭘𖭑)<br />
| {{node|246609338|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Brasonia}}<br />
| Burasonya (𖬇𖬰𐐢𖬬𖬖ᐤ𐭘𖭑)<br />
| {{way|25870224|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{way|25869257|Campo Verde/Kanpoverde ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Canterra}}<br />
| Kantera<br />
| {{way|tbd|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{way|329619526|Nautecove ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Cinasia}}<br />
| Tukkwa Minkuku (''Tukkuku'')<br />
(徳華民國(徳國))<br />
| {{way|25041266|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{way|259489451|Yu-King/Yūnhūn ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Azure Coast}}<br />
| Kosta-Asul / Satsomaba<br />
𖬭ᐤᒢ𖬁 𖬮𖬖𐐢ᐡ/青浜<br />
| {{way|26503428|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|279000164|Tarjón/Taryon ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Demirhan Empire}}<br />
| Demirhan Chekuku (𖬒𖬰ɭ𖬊ᛁᣗ𖬨ᐢ帝國)<br />
|{{node|270393546|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{way|25907662|Tarsınar/Tarsunār ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{Deodeca}}<br />
| Deodeka (𖬒𖬰ɭᐤ𖬒𖬰ɭ𖬭)<br />
|{{node|TBD|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|280468893|Kingstown/Kīnsutaun ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{Dregovine}}<br />
| Duregovina (𖬒𖬰𐐢𖬬ɭ𖬭𖬰ᐤ𖬌𖬰ᛁ𖭑)<br />
|{{node|270252123|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{way|25079341|Litusava ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|-<br />
|{{Eelanti}}<br />
|Ēlandi (𖬮ɭ⸠𖬈ᐢ𖬒𖬰ᛁ)<br />
|{{node|2=Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|Suursari/Sūrsāri (embassy)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|{{Eicarl}}<br />
| Eikāl (𖬮ɭᛁ𖬭⸠ᐡ)<br />
|{{node|270177557|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Eshein}}<br />
| Eshēn (𖬮ɭ𖬔ɭ⸠ᐢ)<br />
| {{node|271347717|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br>{{node|271347925|Sannupuri ''(consulate)''}}<br />
| {{relation|349505|Noy Tyrrin/Nōityurin''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Federal States}}<br />
| Akazhuu Ryenpoonkuku<br />
(𖬮𖬭𖬔𖬰𐐢𖬮𐐢連邦國)<br />
| {{node|246609281|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br>{{node|270175614|Warohan ''(consulate)''}}<br />
|{{node|270174042|Huntington/Hantinton ''(embassy)''}}<br>{{relation|303898|Jundah/Janda ''(consulate)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Tamor}}<br />
| Tamor (---)<br />
|{{way|26662873|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|278328550|Fiskerlandstaed/Fiskallanstedu ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Freedemia}}<br />
| Jiyu-Furidemya (自由𖬌𐐢𖬬ᛁ𖬒𖬰ɭ𐭘𖬊)<br />
|{{node|225846761|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|231452074|Quentinsburgh/Kentinbā ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Geklinia-Dregolesia}}<br />
| Zhekulinya-Doregoleshia <br />
(𖬔𖬰ɭ𖬭𐐢𖬈ᛁ𐭘𖭑 - 𖬒𖬰ᐤ𖬬ɭ𖬭𖬰ᐤ𖬈ɭ𖬔ᛁ𖬮)<br />
| {{way|24897835|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|259063223|Dobrzanka/Doburuzanka ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Gobrassanya}}<br />
| Gohrassanya (𖬭𖬰ᐤᐪ𖬬𖬖𖬳𐭘𖭑)<br />
| {{way|25853521|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|246883348|Gobras City/Gōhrasshi ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Guai}}<br />
| Gwai (𐩬𖬭𖬰ᛁ)<br />
| {{node|183876027|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Ispelia}}<br />
| Ispelia (𖬮ᛁᒢ𖬇ɭ𖬈ᛁ𖬮)<br />
| {{way|18939591|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|280027089|Fortuna ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Joriskjo}}<br />
| Yoriskyo (ꓩ𖬮𖬬ᛁᒢꓩ𖬭)<br />
| {{node|305861722|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|305860256|Joratuumo-Lusanjo/Yoratūmo-Lusanyo ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Kanglapo}}<br />
|Kānlapo (...)<br />
|{{node|31177867|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|327628661|Nandacheongfu/Nandachōnfu ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|{{Kaosha}}<br />
| Kosakuku (高砂國)<br />
| {{way|25856009|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Khaiwoon}}<br />
| Haiuun (𖬨꜉𖬮𐐢⸠ᐢ)<br />
| {{node|270252037|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Kojo}}<br />
| Kojoo (𖬭ᐤ𖬐𖬰ᐤ⸠)<br />
| {{node|229537296|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|180807349|Pyingshum/Pīnshūn ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Kofuku}}<br />
| Kofuku (𖬭ᐤ𖬌𐐢𖬭𐐢)<br />
| {{way|24051591|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{relation|264862|Bako-Huz/Bakohuttsu ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Kuehong}}<br />
| Kakyaan / Kwehoon<br />
(家郷/ 𐩧𖬭𖬨ᐤ⸠ᐢ)<br />
| {{node|184406162|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|318912470|Bắc Đẹp/Hukkyos''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Lany}}<br />
| Lanii (𖬈𖭑ᛁ-)<br />
| {{way|24050701|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Latina}}<br />
| Latina (𖬈𖬁ᛁ𖭑)<br />
| {{node|183358399|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Layr}}<br />
| Lairi (𖬈꜉𖬬ᛁ)<br />
| {{node|259760797|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|225914698|Lairytyan/Lairityan ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Leresso}}<br />
| Leresso (𖬈ɭ𖬬ɭ𖬖𖬳ᐤ)<br />
| {{node|225970295|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{way|24925661|Aludres/Aludures ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Lorantis}}<br />
| Lorantis (𖬈ᐤ𖬬ᐢ𖬁ᛁᒢ)<br />
|{{node|270393471|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{way|25907707|Neril ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{Luslandia}}<br />
| Luslandi (𖬈𐐢ᒢ𖬈ᐢ𖬒𖬰ᛁ)<br />
| {{way|25870223|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Lutang}}<br />
| Lutān (𖬈𐐢𖬣։ᐢ)<br />
| {{relation|386285|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{relation|386282|Bagong Bandila/Bagōnbandila''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Luthesia}}<br />
| Luteshi (𖬈𐐢𖬁ɭ𖬔ᛁ)<br />
| {{way|261765786|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{way|25148037|Reun ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Mallyore}}<br />
| Malyoska (𖬊ꓩ𖬠ᒢ𖬭)<br />
| {{node|231585594|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|254714198|Nikolovac/Nikolovachi ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Majesia}}<br />
| Majesha (𖬊𖬐𖬰ɭ𖬔)<br />
| <br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Mauretia}}<br />
| Mōretya (𖬊ᐤ⸠𖬬ɭ𐭘𖬒)<br />
|{{way|18898235|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{way|22608094|Iola ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Mecyna}}<br />
| Meshina (𖬊ɭ𖬔ᛁ𖭑)<br />
| {{node|270177534|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{way|17576110|Phoenix/Finikkus''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Mergania}}<br />
| Merganya (𖬊ɭᣗ𖬭𖬰𐭘𖭑)<br />
| {{node|274165555|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br>{{node|274165572|Sannupuri ''(consulate)''}}<br />
|{{node|274166081|Freistat/Furaishutattu ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Navenna}}<br />
| Navenna (𖭑𖬌𖬰ɭⲅ𖭑)<br />
| {{node|270424855|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|270448643|Cità de Navenna/Navennashi ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{New Ingerland}}<br />
| Shin-Ingaalandi (新𖬮ᛁᐢ𖬭𖬰⸠𖬈ᐢ𖬒𖬰ᛁ)<br />
| {{node|270177443|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{United Federation of Ogesten}}<br />
| Ogestennes Kāzhūryenhōn (𖬒ᐤ𖬭𖬰ɭᒢ𖬣ɭフ𖭑ɭᒢ合衆連邦)<br />
| {{node|326506127|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|327756092|Vistju/Vistyu ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Ohemia}}<br />
| Ohemya (𖬮ᐤ𖬨ɭ𐭘𖬊)<br />
| {{node|270539554|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|270895878|Corrostance/Korostansu ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Orinoco}}<br />
|Orinoko (𖬮ᐤ𖬬ᛁ𖭑ᐤ𖬭ᐤ)<br />
|{{node|277757141|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|277994868|Ravalin ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| {{Plevia}}<br />
| Pulevya (𖬇𐐢𖬈ɭ𐭘𖬌𖬰)<br />
| {{node|246609219|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|270094488|Osianopoli/Oshianopoli ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|Pretany<br />
|Puretani (𖬇𐐢𖬬ɭ𖬁𖭑ᛁ)<br />
|{{node||Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|St. Richards/Sei Rīchar (embassy) [planned]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Pyeokchin<br />
| Pekechin (壁珍)<br />
|{{node|246609337|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| Namgyeong/Nankei (embassy) [planned]<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Qennes}}<br />
| Kenes (𖬭ɭ𖭑ɭᒢ)<br />
| {{node|225873972|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Silland}}<br />
| Rwogwovas (𐩪𖬬𐩪𖬭𖬰𖬌𖬰ᒢ)<br />
| {{node|225885492|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Saikyel}}<br />
| Saikyel (𖬖꜉ꓶ𖬭ᐡ)<br />
| {{node|18901259|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|24282007|Nevensad/Nevensadu ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Samiloor}}<br />
| Samilūr (𖬖𖬊ᛁ𖬈𐐢⸠ᣗ)<br />
| {{node|278182283|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{relation|312666|Carispoole/Karispul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Semanya}}<br />
| Semanya (𖬖ɭ𖬊𐭘𖭑)<br />
| {{node|226020841|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Tavauru}}<br />
| Tavauru (𖬁𖬌𖬰'𐐢𖬬𐐢)<br />
| {{node|246609383|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| {{Vartasimalia}}<br />
| Vartashimalya (𖬌𖬰ᣗ𖬁𖬔ᛁ𖬊𐭘𖬈)<br />
| {{way|18939590|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|{{Vodeo}}<br />
|Vodeo (𖬌𖬰ᐤ𖬒𖬰ɭᐤ)<br />
|{{node|279006950|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|{{node|328900981|Saviso ''(embassy)''}}<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|{{Xochimalta}}<br />
| Shochimalta (𖬔ᐤ𖬐ᛁ𖬊ᐡ𖬁)<br />
| {{node|268206357|Sainðaul ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| {{node|268187084|Xochimalta/Shochimalta ''(embassy)''}}<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|}</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=Infrastructure_in_Izaland&diff=20114Infrastructure in Izaland2023-11-04T01:24:43Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: /* Road system */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''This page is about the infrastructures of [[Izaland]].''' <br />
{{Main|Izaland}}<br />
{{Infobox infrastructure<br />
| name = Izaland<br />
| driving_side = left<br />
| rail_side = left<br />
| gauge = 1453<br />
| electrification = contact line (mostly)</br>Standard: 3000V DC</br>High Speed: 25kV AC<br />
| mains_electricity = 220V 60 hz<br />
| telephone_code = 381<br />
| internet_code = .iz, .co.iz<br />
}}<br />
==Railway system==<br />
The railway network of Izaland counts on:<br />
* 2.263,36 km of high speed rail<br />
* 16.418,29 km of standard speed rail (''May 2023 measurement, not accurate, only Izarail infrastructure'') <br />
<br />
;Expand (on the right →) to view the railway network of Izaland: <br />
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
{{#multimaps: <br />
| service = OGF<br />
| center = 37.0118, 128.8961<br />
| width = 60%<br />
| height = 1000px<br />
| zoom = 7<br />
| maxzoom = 19<br />
| layers = +Standard,+TopoMap<br />
| overlays = +Non HS Izarail infrastructure,+IZX Network<br />
| overlaydef = {<br />
"Non HS Izarail infrastructure": {"function": "publicTransport", "param": [292849]},<br />
"IZX Network": {"function": "publicTransport", "param": [292850]}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
</div><br />
<br />
Izaland was one of the first countries to introduce railways, as the first railroad, connecting Sainðaul with Kawayatsu, opened in 1845. <br />
Now the country counts on 16.418,29 km of railroads, including 2.263,36 km of high speed railways. <br />
<br />
==== Overview ====<br />
Rail transport in Izaland is provided by different companies, mainly being:<br />
[[File:Izarail logo.png|250px|thumb]]<br />
* [[Izarail]]: the main railway company, formerly a group controlled by the state, got privatized in 1998. <br />
Today it operates most of the rail network in the country, including the high speed railway, with the subsidiary [[IZX]] (the thick line in the map on the right).<br />
* Several private companies, mostly controlling suburban lines in certain cities and subway networks<br />
* [[Izarail Kwabus]], the national-wide freight operator (outside Kubori Island, foreigner freight railway operators are allowed to enter Izaland)<br />
<br />
=====Main private railways=====<br />
* [[Shinsabu Electric Railways]]<br />
* [[Rinkyun Railway]]<br />
* ''to be expanded''<br />
<br />
==== Gauge ====<br />
Most of the railways in Izaland are built in standard gauge (1,435 mm), including the high speed railway, allowing thus interoperability with the former railways.<br />
Some local lines or subway lines have also different gauges, such as 1,067 mm or 1,544 mm. The usual distance between tracks is 5,5 m from the edges. <br />
<br />
==== Electrification ====<br />
Almost the 86% of all the railways in Izaland are electrified (overhead lines, 25000 V 50 Hz AC for high speed rail and 3000 V DC for local lines).<br />
Non electrified lines are mainly run by hybrid trains or battery trains. Since 2014 Izaland, in order to diminish CO2 emissions, started a massive program of withdrawal of diesel trainsets and locomotives.<br />
<br />
==== Passenger Service ====<br />
In Izaland everyday about 52,3 million users ride on different kind of trains, especially in the main urbanized areas. <br />
Basically in Izaland Railway services are divided into the following categories:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+ Caption text<br />
|-<br />
! Icon !! Service !! Hanji !! Izaki (romanised) !! Additional fee !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| [[File:IZ SLicon.svg|40px]] || Local urban|| 都市圏普通列車|| toshikwen futsōn-lyessha|| No|| Service available on urban and suburban networks, integrated with subways, trams, busses and other means of transportation - all stop<br />
|-<br />
| [[File:IZ SRicon.svg|40px]] || Rapid urban || 都市圏普通列車|| toshikwen kwaisoku-ryessha|| No|| Service available on urban and suburban networks, integrated with subways, trams, busses and other means of transportation - selected stops<br />
|-<br />
| [[File:IZ Licon.svg|30px]] || Local regional || 地方普通列車|| jibān futsōn-lyessha|| No|| Service available between minor cities, or originating from major cities linking with the smaller ones - all stop<br />
|-<br />
| [[File:IZ Ricon.svg|30px]] || Rapid regional || 地方普通列車|| jibān kwaisoku-ryessha|| No|| Service available between minor cities, or originating from major cities linking with the smaller ones - selected stops<br />
|-<br />
| [[File:IZ LEicon.svg|30px]] || Limited Express || 特急列車|| tukkyun-lyessha|| Yes || Comfortable and fast service linking together the main cities, especially where a high speed infrastructure is not available. The average speeds are between 150 and 200 kph.<br />
|-<br />
| [[File:IZ IZXicon.svg|30px|link=Special:FilePath/IZ_IZXicon.svg]]|| IZX (high speed)|| 高速列車|| kosoku-ryessha|| Yes || Very fast service linking the major cities to the capital, running mostly on a dedicated high speed infrastructure. The average speeds are between 250 and 360 kph<br />
|-<br />
| [[File:IZ TTicon.svg|30px|link=Special:FilePath/IZ_TTicon.svg]]|| Touristic trains|| 観光列車|| kwankwān-lyessha|| Yes || Leisure trains using specially built carriages or restored older ones, traveling on scenic railways or formerly closed tracks maintained just for touristic purposes.<br />
|-<br />
| [[File:IZ NTicon.svg|30px|link=Special:FilePath/IZ_NTicon.svg]]|| Night Trains|| 夜行列車|| yagyou-ryessha|| Yes || Network of trains connecting cities far each others traveling by night. <br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== History ====<br />
Railways have played an important role in Izaland since their first diffusion in the 19th century, with the first line opened between Sainðaul and Kawayatsu in 1845.<br />
<br />
;Timeline<br />
* 1838 - Planning of the first national railway network <br />
* 1841 - Beginning of the construction works for a railway between [[Sainðaul]] and Nowodate (nowadays Shirukami)<br />
* 1845 - Opening of the first section to Kawayatsu<br />
* 1847 - Opening of the remaining section to Nowodate<br />
* 1848 - Opening of the Warohan Railway, between Warohan and Naeba, the first railway section on Kubori island<br />
* 1852 - Accident of Toryoshun, an explosion happened during the tunnel excavation works of the Subusai Line<br />
* 1903 - Opening of the Aigan Alps railway, and first international connection<br />
* 1913 - Start of the '''Shuto Tsōnkin Chesdo''', the first commuter railway network in Izaland<br />
* 1933 - Opening of the first two lines of Sainðaul metro<br />
* 1975 - Opening of the first High Speed railway, from Niji-Sainðaul to Warohan<br />
* 1978 - Opening of the Sainðaul - Humabe Kukujai Resort Line (then called Shin-Keihuku Line) from Sainðaul to Isadashi<br />
* 1986 - Opening of the first railway tunnel between Sainðaul and Kubori island allowing direct services from Sainðaul to Warohan and other cities.<br />
<br />
==== Train types ====<br />
Suburban or intercity railway lines usually have different types of trains running on their tracks (列車種別, ''ryessha shubyes'') with different stop patterns.<br />
<br />
A train that stops at every station is called a local train (普通列車, futsōn-ryessha). Trains that stop at fewer stations and are therefore faster than local trains are classified as Rapid (快速列車, kwaisoku-ryessha), Express (急行列車, kyungyō-ryessha), Limited Express (特急列車, tukkyun-ryessha), etc. and may require surcharges depending on company policies. <br />
<br />
Intercity trains, mainly operated by IR, are called City-linker Limited Express (都市連結特急列車, ''toshi-lyenkes tukkyun-ryessha'', often shortened in 都急, ''tokyun'') and run on traditional non-high speed railway (although they can reach 200 kph on certain upgraded lines).<br />
<br />
High speed railway ([[IZX]]) has different train types, including direct, all stop and fast trains (see the article for further information).<br />
<br />
==== Commuter networks ====<br />
Izaland counts 11 cities with a population over 1 million inhabitants. In these and also less large cities, Izarail, altogether with locally administered subway networks and private railways, operates several commuter lines, using either existent railway tracks and newly built ones, to move million of commuters every day. <br />
<br />
===== Capital suburban Network =====<br />
[[File:Izarail Commuter Network Logo.png|100px|thumb|right|The capital suburban network logo]]<br />
The '''Capital suburban network''' (首都圏近郊𐐊𐐁ⵗ𐐛ᱺ𐐇𐐀ⵗ𐐠, ''shutokwen kinkwō nettwākk'') serves the urban area of Sainðaul and the main cities and urbanization gravitating around it, such as Riimibaiken, Showanul, Osenude, Shakihori, Oitsura etcetera. It is composed by 19 lines. <br />
<br />
{| width="100%"<br />
| width="49%" valign="top"|<br />
* <span style="color: red; font-size:150%;">■ CO</span> [[Chikaoi Line]]<br />
* <span style="color: yellowgreen; font-size:150%;">■ IS</span> Ikasei Line<br />
* <span style="color: salmon; font-size:150%;">■ SO</span> Sabuonno Line<br />
* <span style="color: olive; font-size:150%;">■ MA</span> Morikūn Line<br />
* <span style="color: turquoise; font-size:150%;">■ GS</span> Igashaku Line<br />
* <span style="color: royalblue; font-size:150%;">■ LL</span> [[Sainðaul Loop Line|Loop Line]]<br />
* <span style="color: hotpink; font-size:150%;">■ SI</span> Sainniga Line<br />
* <span style="color: mediumpurple; font-size:150%;">■ AX</span> Airport Express<br />
* <span style="color: plum; font-size:150%;">■ BS</span> Ibashii Line<br />
* <span style="color: sienna; font-size:150%;">■ SU</span> Shirause Line<br />
| width="2%"|<br />
| width="49%" valign="top"|<br />
* <span style="color: green; font-size:150%;">■ KS</span> Kawasabu Line<br />
* <span style="color: limegreen; font-size:150%;">■ KH</span> Kawashaku Line<br />
* <span style="color: gold; font-size:150%;">■ RI</span> Riimiilla Line<br />
* <span style="color: blue; font-size:150%;">■ JA</span> Jisakūn Line<br />
* <span style="color: orange; font-size:150%;">■ HO</span> Hashionno Line<br />
* <span style="color: mediumorchid; font-size:150%;">■ OI</span> Onnoilla Line<br />
* <span style="color: dodgerblue; font-size:150%;">■ OJ</span> Onnojukan Line<br />
* <span style="color: steelblue; font-size:150%;">■ AM</span> Airport MegaExpress<br />
* <span style="color: indianred; font-size:150%;">■ SM</span> Shiimori Line<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===== Warohan metropolitan network =====<br />
The second city of Izaland, [[Warohan]] also boasts an extensive railway commuter network to link the city center with the many mid-sized cities located in the metro area, such as Eyenniyul, Yatatoshi, Katasogi, Muanake and more. Besides the Izarail lines and, of course, the metro, Warohan has also a mentionable extension of private railways.<br />
<br />
===== Panaireki "Panairail" network =====<br />
Panairail is the nickname of the railway corridor serving the third city of Izaland, [[Panaireki]], especially stretching on a north-south direction from Nugamochi to Shin-Shikarana. <br />
<br />
===== Kichatsura metropolitan network =====<br />
[[Kichatsura]] suburban railway network opened in 1999, linking the city of Tomekiha to Nugamochi. Some services are integrated into the Panairail network. <br />
<br />
==== High Speed Rail ====<br />
[[File:IZX2022network.png|500px|thumb|IZX Network as of 2022]]<br />
'''IZX''' ('''IZ'''aland e'''X'''press) is the commercial brand name for the high speed rail services in [[Izaland]], operated by a subsidiary of [[Izarail]], the main railway operator of the country. The high speed railway network mostly uses dedicated tracks (standard gauge) with some segments in common with pre-existing regional railway tracks to extend services to areas where dedicated lines is not (yet) available. The operating speed is usually between 220 to 320 kph on most of the alignment, with some segments allowing as fast as 360 kph speed.<br><br />
<br />
The high speed railway of Izaland ('''IZX''', '''IZ'''aland e'''X'''press) has the following routes as of 2020:<br />
* '''Ryānkai Line''' (''Sainðaul - Asaji-Torimoshi - Enikezya - Nari-Odanuri - Todakuri-Tojirushi - Isadashi - Beikejo - Rinnajin - Aihasa - Humabe Kukujai Resort - Fukuoka - Kahenji-Nukkistama - Riyatoma - Kōsa-Hannan - Shin-Makkenoke - Chunnitai - Sannupuri'')<br />
* '''Sainðaul - Nagareki Line''' (''Sainðaul - Agasuriho-Ugutsumasa - Kawayatsu - Shin-Abiro-Kungōsan - Sahnajima-Juwon - Shirukami - Arasano - Reilusahna - Shiki-Kwōpas - Nagareki'')<br />
* '''Sainðaul - Warohan Saikai Line''' (''Sainðaul - Sainðaul Niji - Sainðaul International Airport - La Piana Matu / (Accesso a La Piana) - Hashimakori-Juwon - Wodoriha IR - Shin-Eriraul - Nappawa - Otsumi-Komishinan - Kamahoraya - Shin-Kichatsura - Nugamochi - Panaireki - Hyomonan Resort - Shin-Imihatsorul - Naeba - Eyenniyul-Juwon - Warohan'') - 570,46 km<br />
* '''Sainðaul - Warohan Naeryuku Shiki-Tanshuku Line''' (''Sainðaul - Sainðaul Niji - Sainðaul International Airport - Pyanuza - Nagayamatsu - Totsushei - Keishunneul - Otsumi-Komishinan - Kamahoraya - Shin-Kichatsura - Nugamochi - Panaireki - Hyomonan Resort - Shin-Imihatsorul - Naeba - Eyenniyul-Juwon - Warohan'')<br />
* '''Sainðaul - Warohan Naeryuku Otsumi-Tanshuku Line''' (''Sakamuso - Showanul - Katayoshi - Chopatsu - Kohtosōre - Shin-Kichatsura - Nugamochi - Panaireki - Hyomonan Resort - Shin-Imihatsorul - Naeba - Eyenniyul-Juwon - Warohan'')<br />
* '''Warohan - Daishin Nankai Line''' (''Warohan - Satsokoibo - Shin-Nuskajui - Daishin'') - 115,6 km<br />
<br />
=== Urban mass transit ===<br />
Due to the high density of population, Izaland has many cities with a population over 1 million inhabitants. <br />
Besides suburban railway networks, different cities have subway and other mass transit system such as monorails or trams.<br />
<br />
The cities with a subway system are: <br />
* [[Sainðaul Metro|Sainðaul]]<br />
* Warohan<br />
* Panaireki<br />
* Riimibaiken (part of the Capital metropolitan subway)<br />
* Daishin<br />
* Kichatsura<br />
* Eyenniyul<br />
* Komishinan (light metro)<br />
* Fukuyau (monorail)<br />
* Onnojaris <br />
* Sabullan (part of the Capital metropolitan subway)<br />
* Pewanari<br />
* Enikezya (part of the Capital metropolitan subway)<br />
* Shakihori (part of the Capital metropolitan subway)<br />
* Sahnajima<br />
* Isadashi<br />
* Kanlisahna<br />
* Illashiya<br />
* Honutsaki (light metro)<br />
* Nugamochi<br />
<br />
===Subways===<br />
The follow cities have a subway network<br />
{| class="wikitable" border=1 cellpadding=1<br />
!City<br />
!Number of lines<br />
!Lenght of the system<br />
|-<br />
|Sainðaul (greater area)<br />
|18<br />
|606,3 km<br />
|-<br />
|Warohan<br />
|<br />
|151,46 km<br />
|-<br />
|Panaireki<br />
|<br />
|137,95 km<br />
|-<br />
|Kichatsura<br />
|<br />
|87,06 km<br />
|-<br />
|Sannupuri<br />
|<br />
|93,46 km<br />
|-<br />
|Daishin<br />
|<br />
|84,38 km<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Road system ==<br />
Izaland has a network of [tba] kms of highways connecting the major cities, numbered with the system "E-n", where n is a number. The main route of the network is the E1 (Keishin) highway, connecting the capital and Warohan calling at all the major cities of the western coast. This is not the fastest way to travel between the two cities, but indeed it is the busiest segment, as along its length lives nearly the 70% of the whole country population.<br />
<br />
Due to the geological and geographic characteristic of the country, Izaki highways make an extensive use of tunnels and bridges, and this justifies the not too cheap toll price. For this reason, most of the traffic is freight or mass transportation. <br />
<br />
;Expand (on the right →) to view the expressway network of Izaland (in progress)<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
{{#multimaps: <br />
| center = 37.029,130<br />
| width = 65% <br />
| height = 1000px <br />
| zoom = 7 <br />
| maxzoom = 12<br />
| minzoom = 4<br />
| layers = +Standard<br />
| overlays = +Expressways<br />
| overlaydef = {<br />
"Expressways": {"function": "publicTransport", "param": [313032]}<br />
}<br />
<br />
<!--Main cities--><br />
| marker = 36.0180, 128.9716 ~Title=Greater Sainðaul~Icon=Marker-city.png<br />
| marker = 34.9107,127.1700 ~Title=Panaireki~Icon=Marker-city.png<br />
| marker = 33.6906,125.8968 ~Title=Greater Warohan~Icon=Marker-city.png<br />
}}<br />
</div><br />
<br />
;List of expressways:<br />
{| class="wikitable" border=1 cellpadding=1<br />
!Code<br />
!Road name<br />
!Izaki<br />
!(reading)<br />
!Type<br />
!Start<br />
!End<br />
!Length<br />
!Note<br />
!Route map<br />
|-<br />
| [[File:E1_Expressway_%28Japan%29.png|30px|left]]<br />
| '''Keishin Expressway'''<br />
| 京深高速國道<br />
| ''Keishin kosoku kukudō''<br />
| Toll road<br />
| Tsuruna JCT (Riimibaiken)<br />
| Otsumi-Kobohama JCT (Warohan)<br />
| 566,67 km<br />
| The most heavily used motorroad in Izaland, linking the capital, Sainðaul with the second city, Warohan. Despite being the shortest route between the two cities, it crosses the entire western coast of Kubori island, touching all the major cities and production sites.<br />
| [https://opengeofiction.net/relation/300574 See route]<br />
|-<br />
| [[File:E2_Expressway_%28Japan%29.png|30px|left]]<br />
| '''Karuhama Expressway'''<br />
| 松島高速國道<br />
| ''Karuhama kosoku kukudō''<br />
| Toll road<br />
| Otsumi-Bibawara JCT (Shakihori)<br />
| Shirukami Atagamori<br />
| 124,96 km<br />
| The first trunk connecting the capital with the north of the country. Runs along the eastern coast of the Tandan Strait until Shirukami.<br />
| [https://opengeofiction.net/relation/300590 See route]<br />
|-<br />
| [[File:E2_Expressway_%28Japan%29.png|30px|left]]<br />
| '''Ryānkai Expressway'''<br />
| 両海高速國道<br />
| ''Ryānkai kosoku kukudō''<br />
| Toll road<br />
| Shirukami Atagamori<br />
| Sannupuri<br />
| 517,27 km<br />
| The longest section of the E2 expressway, reaching Sannupuri, the major port facing the Gulf of Volta. For this reason, the name "Ryānkai" (lit. "both the seas") was chosen.<br />
| [https://opengeofiction.net/relation/300606 See route]<br />
|-<br />
| [[File:E5_Expressway_%28Japan%29.png|30px|left]]<br />
| '''Keikon Expressway'''<br />
| 京根高速國道<br />
| ''Keikon kosoku kukudō''<br />
| Toll road<br />
| Niji-Osenude JCT<br />
| Kenjansari IC<br />
| 78,23 km<br />
| An expressway linking the Eastern part of the capital with Pewanari, along the southern coast of the continental side of the country. For the last 11 km it runs within the Kanagaul peninsula.<br />
| [https://opengeofiction.net/relation/302094 See route]<br />
|-<br />
| [[File:E7_Expressway_%28Japan%29.png|30px|left]]<br />
| '''Dōnkaidō Expressway'''<br />
| 東海道高速國道<br />
| ''Dōnkaidō kosoku kukudō''<br />
| Toll road<br />
| Jisahara JCT<br />
| Mikasa IC<br />
| 272,72 km<br />
| Running along the eastern side of Kubori island, connecting the capital with Kanlisahna and further. An extension from Mikasa IC to Nutsuno is being carried out in phases.<br />
| [https://opengeofiction.net/relation/300575 See route]<br />
|-<br />
| [[File:E10_Expressway_%28Japan%29.png|30px|left]]<br />
| '''Hwasai Expressway'''<br />
| 華斉高速國道<br />
| ''Hwasai kosoku kukudō''<br />
| Toll road<br />
| Upajiya IC<br />
| Shiki-Fudoasamo IC<br />
| 545,17 km<br />
| Connects the capital, Sainðaul, with Fudoasamo, the major city closest to the Izaland - [[Saikyel]] border. The motorroad is currently being extended to Saykiel.<br />
| [https://opengeofiction.net/relation/302101 See route]<br />
|-<br />
| [[File:E11_Expressway_%28Japan%29.png|30px|left]]<br />
| '''Shinjin Expressway'''<br />
| 深神高速國道<br />
| ''Shinjin kosoku kukudō''<br />
| Toll road<br />
| Ettoma Ekanute JCT<br />
| Jinneisoke Juwon IC<br />
| 164,5 km<br />
| Connects Warohan to Jinneisoke via Daishin, the main road on the southern part of Kubori Island<br />
| [https://opengeofiction.net/relation/393984 See route]<br />
|-<br />
| [[File:E16_Expressway_%28Japan%29.png|30px|left]]<br />
| '''TBD Expressway'''<br />
| 未定高速國道<br />
| ''TBD kosoku kukudō''<br />
| Toll road<br />
| Hayatogaru JCT<br />
| Anasuni JCT<br />
| 48,42 km<br />
| Links the eastern suburbs of the capital with Anasuni, running parallel to the E5.<br />
| [https://opengeofiction.net/relation/302093 See route]<br />
|-<br />
|[[File:E18 Expressway (Japan).png|alt=|left|30x30px]]<br />
|'''Nyakudai Expressway''' <br />
|若大高速國道<br />
|Nyakudai ''kosoku kukudō''<br />
|Toll road<br />
|Otsumi-Gindō JCT<br />
|Daishin Airport IC<br />
|165,97 km<br />
|Connects Panaireki with Daishin passing by Matsukasai in center-southern Kubori Island<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/313119 See route]<br />
|-<br />
| [[File:E19_Expressway_%28Japan%29.png|30px|left]]<br />
| '''Kisō Expressway'''<br />
| 亀総高速國道<br />
| ''Kisō kosoku kukudō''<br />
| Toll road<br />
| Satahappi JCT<br />
| Koruede-Homosui Ic<br />
| 189,07 km<br />
| Links the western part of the capital with Kichatsura passing by Wesedaku<br />
| [https://opengeofiction.net/relation/313031 See route]<br />
|-<br />
| [[File:E25_Expressway_%28Japan%29.png|30px|left]]<br />
| '''Sahasamo Expressway'''<br />
| 佐羽山高速國道<br />
| ''Sahasamo kosoku kukudō''<br />
| Toll road<br />
| Ōdakaida-Ranku IC<br />
| TBD<br />
| 165,44 km<br />
| Runs west-east in Sahasamo Prefecture<br />
| [https://opengeofiction.net/relation/300605 See route]<br />
|-<br />
| [[File:E26_Expressway_%28Japan%29.png|30px|left]]<br />
| '''Kyōsō Exp'wy'''<br />
| 鮫総高速道路<br />
| ''Kyōsō kosoku kukudō''<br />
| Toll road<br />
| Marewani IC<br />
| Raikasu IC<br />
| 96,75 km<br />
| Links Onnojaris with Raikasu<br />
| [https://opengeofiction.net/relation/313043 See route]<br />
|-<br />
| [[File:E27_Expressway_%28Japan%29.png|30px|left]]<br />
| '''Kōsu Exp'wy'''<br />
| 孝須高速國道<br />
| ''Kōsu kosoku kukudō''<br />
| Toll road<br />
| Kōsa IC<br />
| Sukasan Shiki IC<br />
| 90,96 km<br />
| Links Sukasan with the Makkeriya suburban area via Kōsa City.<br />
| [https://opengeofiction.net/relation/379161 See route]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|'''Juntsoi Exp'way''' <br />
|隼晀高速國道<br />
|''Juntsoi kosoku kukudō''<br />
|Toll road<br />
|Shirakusa-Majubuni IC<br />
|Odetto JCT<br />
|105,42 km<br />
|Connects coastal Shōlyon prefecture with Matsukasai urban area.<br />
|[https://opengeofiction.net/relation/313120 See route]<br />
|-<br />
| [[File:E31_Expressway_%28Japan%29.png|30px|left]]<br />
| '''Tahakomi Expressway'''<br />
| <br />
| ''Tahakomi kosoku kukudō''<br />
| Toll road<br />
| Tahafuga IC<br />
| Otsumi-Komishinan<br />
| 101,82 km<br />
| Links Tahafuga (Komokata) with Komishinan (Midōhinnan)<br />
| [https://opengeofiction.net/relation/312983 See route]<br />
|-<br />
| [[File:E60_Expressway_%28Japan%29.png|30px|left]]<br />
| '''Hwabu Expressway'''<br />
| 華布高速國道<br />
| ''Hwabu kosoku kukudō''<br />
| Toll road<br />
| Senshun JCT<br />
| Otsumi-Ritsuda JCT<br />
| 175,89 km<br />
| Runs between Senshun, near Yamagata, the border with [[Bloenland|Blönland]] near Yamatsuka.<br />
| [https://opengeofiction.net/relation/367803 See route]<br />
|-<br />
| [[File:E63_Expressway_%28Japan%29.png|30px|left]]<br />
| '''Hukuyes Expressway'''<br />
| 北越高速國道<br />
| ''Hukuyes kosoku kukudō''<br />
| Toll road<br />
| Aikas JCT<br />
| Otsumi-Ritsuda JCT<br />
| 109,64 km<br />
| Runs between Kasaki and Yenkaido Prefecture<br />
| [https://opengeofiction.net/relation/302281 See route]<br />
|-<br />
| [[File:E64_Expressway_%28Japan%29.png|30px|left]]<br />
| '''Yenkaido Dōnjai Expressway'''<br />
| 遠海土東西高速國道<br />
| ''Yenkaido Dōnjai kosoku kukudō''<br />
| Toll road<br />
| Pekonai JCT<br />
| Aikas JCT<br />
| 141,63 km<br />
| The main road passing through north-western Yenkaido prefecture, mainly linking Sannupuri with the innerland. <br />
| [https://opengeofiction.net/relation/302282 See route]<br />
|-<br />
| [[File:E74_Expressway_%28Japan%29.png|30px|left]]<br />
| '''Oisabu Expressway'''<br />
| 粕𖬖𖬇𖬰𐐢高速國道<br />
| ''Oisabu kosoku kukudō''<br />
| Toll road<br />
| Oitsura Nari IC<br />
| Sabullan Yekujen IC<br />
| 13,37 km<br />
| Connects the cities of Sabullan and Oitsura in the south-east of the Greater Sainðaul.<br />
| [https://opengeofiction.net/relation/302092 See route]<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Urban highways===<br />
The largest cities have urban sections of highways, such as the capital highway in Sainðaul (首都高速道路, ''shuto kōsoku dōro''). There are also some segments which are freeways.<br />
Between the continental side and the island side of the country, there are 4 highway links, with one freeway and three paid highways.<br />
<br />
== Aviation ==<br />
The main international airport of the country is [[Sainðaul Asunahama International Airport]], hub for [[Izaland Airlines]] and [[Uletha Eastern Airways]], the two main air carriers of Izaland. <br />
Low cost carriers include [[IzaFly]], subsidiary of Izaland Airlines, [[Northern Sea Airways]], based in Sannupuri and Suupoots ([[Nuen]]) and focusing on Northern Uletha, and [[Mike Wings]], operating mainly charters and leisure flights in Eastern Ulethia.<br />
The following (obsolete and in update) list contains the main information about the currently used airports in Izaland.<br />
<br />
;Expand (on the right →) to view the map of the airports in Izaland (not completed)<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
{{#multimaps: <br />
| center = 37.029,130<br />
| width = 66% <br />
| height = 1100px <br />
| zoom = 7 <br />
| maxzoom = 12<br />
| minzoom = 4<br />
| layers = +Standard<br />
<br />
<!--Main international airports--><br />
| marker = 36.1176, 128.6511 ~Title=Sainðaul Asunahama International Airport (SUL)~Icon=Marker-airport2a.png<br />
| marker = 33.5977, 125.8877 ~Title=Warohan Takarun International Airport (WRH)~Icon=Marker-airport2a.png<br />
| marker = 40.5635, 129.5914 ~Title=Sannupuri International Airport (SNP)~Icon=Marker-airport2a.png<br />
| marker = 39.0816, 128.5636 ~Title=Makkeriya International Airport (MRY)~Icon=Marker-airport2a.png<br />
<br />
<!--Minor international airports--><br />
| marker = 35.9850, 128.6486 ~Title=Sainðaul Tswankanami International Airport (TSW)~Icon=Marker-airport2c.png<br />
| marker = 33.7887, 125.5963 ~Title=Warohan Katasogi International Airport (KTS)~Icon=Marker-airport2c.png<br />
| marker = 33.7263, 124.6877 ~Title=Sagoma International Airport (SAG)~Icon=Marker-airport2c.png<br />
| marker = 33.1426, 124.5129 ~Title=Atsujīl International Airport (AJL)~Icon=Marker-airport2c.png<br />
| marker = 35.5227, 127.1112 ~Title=Kichatsura International Airport (AJL)~Icon=Marker-airport2c.png<br />
| marker = 37.8558, 126.1277 ~Title=Tyensen International Airport (TYS)~Icon=Marker-airport2c.png<br />
| marker = 39.2498, 125.5423 ~Title=Tohpatogu Wenchogwon International Airport (THP)~Icon=Marker-airport2c.png<br />
| marker = 39.1566, 131.3467 ~Title=Sonzhin International Airport (SZH)~Icon=Marker-airport2c.png<br />
| marker = 34.5102, 128.4710 ~Title=Kanlisahna International Airport (KLS)~Icon=Marker-airport2c.png<br />
| marker = 40.1435, 127.7248~Title=Ritsuda International Airport (RDA)~Icon=Marker-airport2c.png<br />
| marker = 33.5882, 126.9770~Title=Daishin Ennuntawi International Airport (DAI)~Icon=Marker-airport2c.png<br />
| marker = 37.1462, 128.9567~Title=Isadashi Izaibu International Airport (ISA)~Icon=Marker-airport2c.png<br />
| marker = 32.6919, 126.1551~Title=Ogamoton International Airport (OGT)~Icon=Marker-airport2c.png<br />
<br />
<br />
<!--Domestic airports--><br />
| marker = 35.9897, 129.0828~Title=Sainðaul Kanui Airport (KNU)~Icon=Marker-airport2b.png<br />
| marker = 38.2429, 132.1341~Title=Togumua Airport (TMA)~Icon=Marker-airport2b.png<br />
| marker =39.7608, 125.3578~Title=Kiikori Airport (KKX)~Icon=Marker-airport2b.png<br />
| marker =40.6397, 130.8206~Title=Apashir Airport (APX)~Icon=Marker-airport2b.png<br />
<br />
}}<br />
</div><br />
<br />
=== Civilian use airport ===<br />
==== Major International ====<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+<br />
!Name<br />
!City<br />
!WAAT<br />
!ANACA<br />
!Remarks<br />
!Pax/year<br />
|-<br />
|[[Sainðaul Asunahama International Airport]]<br />
|[[Sainðaul]]<br />
|SUL<br />
|DZSL<br />
|The main international gateway to Izaland, hub for Izaland Airlines and Uletha East Airways, as well as a selected number of low cost carriers. One of the main hubs in Eastenr Uletha, especially for passengers transiting between Uletha or Orano to Archanta.<br />
|81,227,227 (2021)<br />
|-<br />
|Warohan Takarun International Airport<br />
|[[Warohan]]<br />
|WRN<br />
|DZWH<br />
|The most busy airport after Sainðaul Asunahama, offers a convenient access to Izaland's second city. Also works as a secondary international hub for the two main Izaki carriers. <br />
|28,227,229 (2021)<br />
|-<br />
|Sannupuri International Airport<br />
|[[Sannupuri]]<br />
|SNP<br />
|DZSP<br />
|Serving the northern port city of Sannupuri, focuses on flights to north-eastern Uletha.<br />
|21,223,219<br />
|-<br />
|Makkeriya International Airport<br />
|Makkenoke / Riyatoma<br />
|MRY<br />
|DZMR<br />
|This airport allows passenger of the highly populated area of Makkenoke and Riyatoma to access to a number of regional flights within about 5000 km of range.<br />
|17.228,229<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Minor International ====<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+<br />
!Name<br />
!City<br />
!WAAT<br />
!ANACA<br />
|-<br />
|Fukuyau Nurihara Negari Sau International Airport<br />
|[[Fukuyau]]<br />
|FKY<br />
|DZFY<br />
|-<br />
|Fuendaru International Airport<br />
|[[Fuendaru]]<br />
|FUE<br />
|DZFD<br />
|-<br />
|Sagoma International Airport<br />
|[[Sagoma]]<br />
|SAG<br />
|DZSO<br />
|-<br />
|Shirukami Hongō International Airport<br />
|[[Shirukami]]<br />
|SKM<br />
|DZSK<br />
|-<br />
|Isadashi International Airport<br />
|[[Isadashi]]<br />
|ISA<br />
|DZID<br />
|-<br />
|Illashiya Rikotān International Airport<br />
|[[Illashiya]]<br />
|ILL<br />
|DZIS<br />
|-<br />
|Izaland North International Airport<br />
|[[Gaintei]]<br />
|GTN<br />
|DZGT<br />
|-<br />
|Daishin Ennuntawi International Airport<br />
|[[Daishin]]<br />
|DAI<br />
|DZEW<br />
|-<br />
|Kanlisahna International Airport<br />
|[[Kanlisahna]]<br />
|KLS<br />
|DZKS<br />
|-<br />
|Kikknās International Airport<br />
|[[Kikknās]]<br />
|KKK<br />
|DZKK<br />
|-<br />
|Oingos International Airport<br />
|[[Oingos]]<br />
|OGO<br />
|DZOO<br />
|-<br />
|Ogamoton International Airport<br />
|[[Ogamoton]]<br />
|OGT<br />
|DZOT<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Domestic and regional airports ====<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+<br />
!Name<br />
!City<br />
!WAAT<br />
!ANACA<br />
|-<br />
|Saðuren Airport<br />
|[[Saðuren]]<br />
|SDR<br />
|DZSR<br />
|-<br />
|Apashir Airport<br />
|Apashir<br />
|APX<br />
|DZAS<br />
|-<br />
|Nukusavo - Arotsāi Airport<br />
|[[Nukusavo]]<br />
|NKV<br />
|DZNS<br />
|-<br />
|Luminoe Airport<br />
|[[Luminoe]]<br />
|LUE<br />
|DZLM<br />
|-<br />
|Yeron Airport<br />
|[[Yeron]]<br />
|YEO<br />
|DZYE<br />
|-<br />
|Suritanma Airport<br />
|[[Suritanma]]<br />
|STY<br />
|DZSA<br />
|-<br />
|Basotachi Airport<br />
|[[Basotachi]]<br />
|BTC<br />
|DZBT<br />
|-<br />
|Nutsuno Airport<br />
|[[Nutsuno]]<br />
|NTS<br />
|DZNS<br />
|-<br />
|Kiikori Airport<br />
|[[Kiikori]]<br />
|KKX<br />
|DZKR<br />
|-<br />
|Togumua Airport<br />
|Togumua<br />
|TMA<br />
|DZTM<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Airlines ===<br />
Izaland has two major airlines: '''Izaland Airlines''' ('''IZ'''), the flag carrier, and '''Uletha Eastern Airways''' ('''UE''').<br />
<br />
==== Izaland Airlines ====<br />
[[File:IZ W36.png|thumb|right|600px|A Izaland Airlines aircraft]]<br />
'''Izaland Airlines''' (華邦航空株式会社, ''Izaki Kūkōn Jushiki-kwisha'') is the flag carrier of [[Izaland]], offering domestic and international flights to different destinations worldwide.<br />
<br />
===== Timeline =====<br />
* 1954: Izaland Airlines is founded as a state company with the name of '''Izaland National Airline''' (華邦國営航空, ''Izaki Kukuyei Kūkōn'')<br />
* 1956: beginning of international flights with routes to Kojo, Stancatt and Fortuna<br />
* 1957: expansion of the international routes, covering 13 nations<br />
* 1965: introduction of the Kais'aba frequent flyer program<br />
* 1972: first fatal accident during the flight IZ726, crashed near Daihanji<br />
* 1978: introduction of the First Class on selected flights<br />
* ...<br />
<br />
==== Uletha Eastern Airways ====<br />
[[File:UE W39.png|thumb|right|600px|A Uletha Eastern Airways aircraft]]<br />
'''Uletha Eastern Airways''' (宇礼洲𖬮ᛁ⸠ᒢ𖬁⸠ᐢ航空株式会社, ''Urezhū īstān kevushiki-kwisha'' ) is the other main airline of [[Izaland]], offering domestic and international flights to different destinations worldwide, focusing in Eastern Uletha (from here the name) and part of Archanta.<br />
<br />
====Destinations====<br />
Its international flights are operated from [[Sainðaul Asunahama International Airport]], Sannupuri International Airport and [[Warohan Takarun International Airport]] with some international flights within Eastern Uletha from other minor airports. Domestic flights' hub is [[Sainðaul Kanui Airport]] . <br />
<br />
;Domestic<br />
{|class="wikitable sortable"<br />
|-<br />
|+From [[Sainðaul Kanui Airport]]<br />
! style="background-color:#134880; color:white;"|City<br />
! style="background-color:#134880; color:white;"|WAAT<br />
! style="background-color:#134880; color:white;"|Airport<br />
! style="background-color:#134880; color:white;"|Notes<br />
|-<br />
|[[Warohan]]<br />
|'''WRH'''<br />
|[[Warohan Takarun International Airport]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|[[Kanlisahna]]<br />
|'''KLS'''<br />
|[[Kanlisahna Makohei International Airport]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|[[Daishin]]<br />
|'''DAI'''<br />
|[[Daishin Ennuntawi International Airport]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|[[Sagoma]]<br />
|'''SAG'''<br />
|[[Sagoma International Airport]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|[[Atsujīl]]<br />
|'''AJL'''<br />
|[[Atsujīl International Airport]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|[[Ogamoton]]<br />
|'''OGT'''<br />
|[[Ogamoton International Airport]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|[[Fukuyau]]<br />
|'''FKY'''<br />
|[[Fukuyau International Airport]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Sannupuri<br />
|'''SNP'''<br />
|Sannupuri International Airport<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Apashir<br />
|'''APX'''<br />
|Apashir Airport<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Kiikori<br />
|'''KKX'''<br />
|Kiikori Airport<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Tohpatogu<br />
|'''THP'''<br />
|<bdi>Tohpatogu Wenchogwon International Airport</bdi><br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Nutsuno<br />
|'''NTS'''<br />
|Nutsuno Airport<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Oingos<br />
|'''OIG'''<br />
|Oingos International Airport<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Sonzhin<br />
|'''SZH'''<br />
|Sonzhin International Airport<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Togumua<br />
|'''TMA'''<br />
|Togumua Airport<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable sortable"<br />
|-<br />
|+From [[Warohan Takarun International Airport]]<br />
! style="background-color:#134880; color:white;"|City<br />
! style="background-color:#134880; color:white;"|WAAT<br />
! style="background-color:#134880; color:white;"|Airport<br />
! style="background-color:#134880; color:white;"|Notes<br />
|-<br />
|rowspan=2|[[Sainðaul]]<br />
|'''SUL'''<br />
|[[Sainðaul Asunahama International Airport]]<br />
|4 flights per day to allow international transits<br />
|-<br />
|'''KNU'''<br />
|[[Sainðaul Kanui Airport]]<br />
|Most of the flights<br />
|-<br />
|[[Kanlisahna]]<br />
|'''KLS'''<br />
|[[Kanlisahna Makohei International Airport]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|[[Gaintei]]<br />
|'''GTN'''<br />
|[[Izaland North International Airport]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|[[Isadashi]]<br />
|'''ISA'''<br />
|[[Isadashi International Airport]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|[[Sagoma]]<br />
|'''SAG'''<br />
|[[Sagoma International Airport]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|[[Atsujīl]]<br />
|'''AJL'''<br />
|[[Atsujīl International Airport]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|[[Ogamoton]]<br />
|'''OGT'''<br />
|[[Ogamoton International Airport]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|[[Fukuyau]]<br />
|'''FKY'''<br />
|[[Fukuyau International Airport]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|[[Eharau]]<br />
|'''EHA'''<br />
|[[Eharau Airport]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Sannupuri<br />
|'''SNP'''<br />
|Sannupuri International Airport<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Apashir<br />
|'''APX'''<br />
|Apashir Airport<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable sortable"<br />
|-<br />
|+From [[Sannupuri International Airport]]<br />
! style="background-color:#134880; color:white;"|City<br />
! style="background-color:#134880; color:white;"|WAAT<br />
! style="background-color:#134880; color:white;"|Airport<br />
! style="background-color:#134880; color:white;"|Notes<br />
|-<br />
|rowspan=2|[[Sainðaul]]<br />
|'''SUL'''<br />
|[[Sainðaul Asunahama International Airport]]<br />
|2 flights per day to allow international transits<br />
|-<br />
|'''KNU'''<br />
|[[Sainðaul Kanui Airport]]<br />
|Most of the flights<br />
|-<br />
|[[Warohan]]<br />
|'''WRH'''<br />
|[[Warohan Takarun International Airport]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|[[Daishin]]<br />
|'''DAI'''<br />
|[[Daishin Ennuntawi International Airport]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|[[Sagoma]]<br />
|'''SAG'''<br />
|[[Sagoma International Airport]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|[[Atsujīl]]<br />
|'''AJL'''<br />
|[[Atsujīl International Airport]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|[[Ogamoton]]<br />
|'''OGT'''<br />
|[[Ogamoton International Airport]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|[[Kichatsura]]<br />
|'''KCT'''<br />
|[[Kichatsura Airport]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Kiikori<br />
|'''KKX'''<br />
|Kiikori Airport<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Tohpatogu<br />
|'''THP'''<br />
|<bdi>Tohpatogu Wenchogwon International Airport</bdi><br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
;International<br />
{|class="wikitable sortable"<br />
|-<br />
|+From [[Asunahama International Airport]]<br />
! style="background-color:#134880; color:white;"|City<br />
! style="background-color:#134880; color:white;"|WAAT<br />
! style="background-color:#134880; color:white;"|Country<br />
! style="background-color:#134880; color:white;"|Airport<br />
! style="background-color:#134880; color:white;"|Airline(s)<br />
! style="background-color:#134880; color:white;"|Notes<br />
|-<br />
|[[Gobras City]]<br />
|'''GWP'''<br />
|{{Gobrassanya}}<br />
|[[Gobras Worldport]]<br />
|IZ, UE<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|[[Porto Real]]<br />
|'''POR'''<br />
|{{Florescenta}}<br />
|[[Porto Real International Airport]]<br />
|IZ<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|[[Osianopoli]]<br />
|'''OSI'''<br />
|{{Plevia}}<br />
|[[Osianopoli International Airport]]<br />
|IZ, PV<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|[[Torre]]<br />
|'''TRG'''<br />
|{{Ispelia}}<br />
|[[Aeroporto di Torre Grovina]]<br />
|IZ, UE<br />
|-<br />
|[[Fortuna]]<br />
|'''FTN'''<br />
|{{Ispelia}}<br />
|[[Aeroporto Intercontinentale di Fortuna-Starre]]<br />
|IZ, UE<br />
|-<br />
|[[Säntjana]]<br />
|'''SNT'''<br />
|{{Karolia}}<br />
|[[Säntjana Anola-Fiorii]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|[[Bărădin]]<br />
|'''BRD'''<br />
|{{Antharia}}<br />
|[[Borodyn International Airport]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|[[Tarsinar]]<br />
|'''DDA'''<br />
|<br />
{{Demirhan Empire}}<br />
|[[International Airport of Sultan Selim]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|[[Latina (Ciudad)|Latina]]<br />
|'''LAT'''<br />
|{{Latina}}<br />
|[[Latina Airport]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|[[Xiongjing]]<br />
|'''DGY'''<br />
|{{Bai Empire}}<br />
|[[Beiduan International Airport]]<br />
|IZ, UE, BA<br />
|-<br />
|Jincheng<br />
|tbd<br />
|{{Bai Empire}}<br />
|Jincheng Xijiu International Airport<br />
|BA<br />
|-<br />
|[[Iola]]<br />
|'''IOL'''<br />
|{{Mauretia}}<br />
|[[Iola International Skyport]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|[[Hexagonia City]]<br />
|'''HCB'''<br />
|{{Tigeria}}<br />
|[[Hexagonia City International Airport]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|[[Winburgh]]<br />
|'''WIN'''<br />
|{{Ingerland}}<br />
|[[Winburgh Sandell International Airport]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Namgyeong<br />
|tbd<br />
|Pyeokchin<br />
|tbd<br />
|IZ, UE<br />
|-<br />
|Paekseok<br />
|tbd<br />
|Pyeokchin<br />
|tbd<br />
|UE<br />
|-<br />
|Newbel<br />
|'''BBL'''<br />
|[[Filo Islands]]<br />
|Newbel International Airport<br />
|UE<br />
|-<br />
|[[Pyingshum]]<br />
|'''PSM'''<br />
|{{Kojo}}<br />
|[[Pyingshum International Airport]]<br />
|IZ, UE<br />
|-<br />
|[[Jaka]]<br />
|'''JAK'''<br />
|{{Kojo}}<br />
|[[Jaka International Airport]]<br />
|IZ, UE<br />
|-<br />
|[[Finkyáse]]<br />
|'''FIN'''<br />
|{{Kojo}}<br />
|[[Foskiman International Airport]]<br />
|IZ<br />
|-<br />
|[[Yoyomi]]<br />
|'''YYM'''<br />
|{{Kojo}}<br />
|[[Yoyomi-Rō International Airport]]<br />
|UE<br />
|-<br />
|[[Viljanni]]<br />
|'''PTR'''<br />
|{{Viljanni}}<br />
|[[Viljanni International Airport]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Mutstat<br />
|tbd<br />
|[[Reelant]]<br />
|Mutstathafen International Airport<br />
|UE<br />
|-<br />
|Freiburg<br />
|tbd<br />
|[[Remsfalen]]<br />
|Franz Alexander International Airport <br />
|UE<br />
|-<br />
|[[Stanton]]<br />
|'''STI'''<br />
|{{Federal States}}<br />
|[[Stanton International Airport]]<br />
|IZ, UE, SA<br />
|-<br />
|Arecales<br />
|'''ARC'''<br />
|{{Federal States}}<br />
|Arecales Air Force Base<br />
|IZ, UE<br />
|-<br />
|[[Wallawaukee]]<br />
|'''WFF'''<br />
|{{Federal States}}<br />
|[[Foley-Fillmore International Airport]]<br />
|UE<br />
|-<br />
|[[Minneuka]]<br />
|'''MKX'''<br />
|{{Federal States}}<br />
|[[Minneuka International Airport]]<br />
|UE<br />
|-<br />
|[[Lake City]]<br />
|'''LCX'''<br />
|{{Federal States}}<br />
|[[Lake City International Airport]]<br />
|IZ, UE, SA<br />
|-<br />
|[[Burton]]<br />
|'''BNA'''<br />
|{{Federal States}}<br />
|[[New Atwick International Airport]]<br />
|IZ<br />
|-<br />
|[[Navenna]]<br />
|'''???'''<br />
|{{Navenna}}<br />
|Navenna Xeƚo International Airport<br />
|IZ<br />
|Seasonal flights<br />
|-<br />
|[[Semanya]]<br />
|'''RME'''<br />
|{{Semanya}}<br />
|Renkesi International Airport<br />
|UE, SM<br />
|-<br />
|Bakdep<br />
|'''BKD'''<br />
|{{Kuehong}}<br />
|Chiến Thắng International Airport<br />
|IZ<br />
|-<br />
|Pyapyor<br />
|'''PTR'''<br />
|{{Grinzez}}<br />
|Pyapyor Teranej International Airport<br />
|UE<br />
|-<br />
|Hithercèko<br />
|'''HCO'''<br />
|{{Grinzez}}<br />
|Hithercèko Goikam International Airport<br />
|UE<br />
|-<br />
|Nautecove<br />
|'''NTC'''<br />
|[[Canterra]]<br />
|Nautecove Munen Adomme International Airport<br />
|IZ<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Iscu<br />
|'''ICS'''<br />
|{{Iscu}}<br />
|Escu Enternational Airport <br />
|IZ<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Bako Huz<br />
|'''BAK'''<br />
|{{Kofuku}}<br />
|Bako-Huz International Airport <br />
|IZ, DS<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Quentinsburgh<br />
|'''QBX'''<br />
|{{Freedemia}}<br />
|Sean Bond International Airport <br />
|UE<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Dobrazanka<br />
|'''DOB'''<br />
|{{Geklinia-Dregolesia}}<br />
|Dobrzanka-Zygmuntów International Airport <br />
|IZ, GK<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Nikolovac<br />
|'''DOB'''<br />
|{{Mallyore}}<br />
|Nikolovac Dmitar Krešimir IV International Airport <br />
|IZ<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Jiemie<br />
|'''LGD'''<br />
|{{Ruoguovvás}}<br />
|Jiemie Luollagirddán International Airport <br />
|IZ<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Leiran<br />
|'''LOR'''<br />
|{{Lorantis}}<br />
|Leiran Revithin International Airport <br />
|UE<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|San Martin<br />
|'''SNM'''<br />
|{{Wallea}}<br />
|Raja Damai International Airport <br />
|UE<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Nichiuri<br />
|'''NCH'''<br />
|{{Adaria}}<br />
|Nichiuri 4th of May Airport <br />
|UE, AD<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Waterways ==<br />
Izaland, with over 400 islands, is a heavily relies on water transportation as well. <br />
Although many islands close to the mainland coast are linked with bridges or undersea tunnels, many of the offshore islands, or the not so populated ones have a ferry system. These sea lines are generally covered by the national transportation transit system '''IZWay''', a rechargeable smart card to pay for different means of transportation.<br />
<br />
The longest sea route is a weekly ferry from Sainðaul to Ogamoton, via Kanlisahna, taking 18 hours. The ferry leaves Sainðaul port on Fridays, at 23:30, reaching Ogamoton port the following day at 17:30. In case of bad weather or not safe sea conditions, this ferry is often cancelled, however in 2018 finally Ogamoton airport opened.<br />
<br />
== Telecommunications ==<br />
Izaland can count on one of the most advanced communication networks in the world. According to the Ministry of Post and Telecommunications, in 2019 about 97 million people used mobile phones to access the Internet, accounting for about 86% of individual Internet users. <br />
<br />
=== Telephone ===<br />
* '''Telephones - main lines''' in use: 86,7 million (2009)<br />
** '''Telephone country code''': +381<br />
* '''Telephone - cellular lines''' in use: 132,2 million (2014)<br />
** Cellular lines prefixes: 020-, 025-, 030-, 035-, 040-<br />
** Mobile operators: ''Izatel'', ''Its'Izy'', ''Rihtacom''<br />
** 4G Coverage: 99,85%<br />
** 5G Coverage: 39,20%<br />
<br />
Due to the high ownership of mobile phones, nowadays public telephones are getting rarer and rarer. Izatel, the main fixed line operator started removing most of them since 2015, leaving them only in limited locations. Some of them are preserved for cultural projects, such as guestbooks, art masterpieces and book sharing .<br />
<br />
=== Internet ===<br />
About 98,3 million people in Izaland (or 84.0 % of the population) use the Internet. The country has one of the world's fastest average internet connection speed (23,5 Mbps as of 2016), and Gigabit class connections are available in the major cities. Mobile lines 5G availability covers all the prefecture capitals (except for Fudoasamo, in Usmashaki Prefecture), and the 13,5 % of the country as of 2022. <br />
<br />
[[Category:Izaland]]<br />
[[Category:Infrastructures|Izaland]]</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=Plevia&diff=19929Plevia2023-10-23T01:16:32Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: /* Geography */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infocard<br />
| name = Republic of Plevia <br />
| flag = Flag of Plevia.svg<br />
| symbol =<br />
| symbol_caption = <br />
| native_name = Repubblica Pleviana<br />
| native_language = Plevian<br />
| capital = [[Osianopoli]] (5.271.938)<br />
| population = 92,665,890<br />
| population_year = 2022<br />
| motto = Per la Patria e per Tutti (''For the Homeland and for All'')<br />
| anthem = <br />
| latitude = 47.227<br />
| longitude = 61.677<br />
| zoom = 5<br />
| relation = 246760<br />
| intro ='''The Republic of Plevia''', commonly referred as '''Plevia''' is a country in western [[Uletha]] occupying the northern portion of the Mediterranean Sea. It borders with [[Franqueterre]], [[Sélonie-Flamain]] and [[Arquitenie]] at west, with [[Pretannia]] and UL08j at north, with [[Suria]] at east, and with [[UL07e]] and [[Navenna]] at south.<br />
<br />
Plevia, a nation with a rich historical heritage, was once the cradle of the old Romantian Empire, alongside Pretannia and other nations. Its cultural and historical significance is reflected in a diverse landscape, encompassing subtropical beaches, northern glaciers, and desertic areas.<br />
<br />
In the 1970s, after a period of dictatorship, Plevia experienced significant economic growth, bolstered by a robust secondary sector and a relatively young population. The country's commitment to infrastructure and innovation in the 2000s and 2010s further strengthened its position.<br />
<br />
Plevia has achieved developed nation status, though wealth disparities persist. The government operates as a Parliamentary Republic, with Virginia Zacconato currently serving as the President, guiding the nation into the future.<br />
}}<br />
==Geography==<br />
{{Infobox geography<br />
| name = Plevia<br />
| continent = Uletha (central-western)<br />
| region = Mediterranean Sea<br />
| population = 92,665,890<br />
| population_year = 2021<br />
| area_km2 = 450,958 km<sup>2</sup><br />
| area_sq_mi = 174,115 sq m<br />
| percent_water = <br />
| density_km2 = 205,48 pp/km<sup>2</sup><br />
| density_sq_mi = 532 pp/sq m<br />
| custom_label1 = Major rivers<br />
| custom1 = <br />
| time_zone = WUT+3:00 <br />
}}<br />
===Overview===<br />
Plevia, with an area of 450,958 square kilometers, is one of the largest nations in the quadrant of the Mediterranean Sea and, given its position, has a varied climate, which gives life to a series of extremely diversified environments.<br />
<br />
Describing the country from north to south, in the northern end of Plevia there is a cold desert area, the Alamo desert, at the center of which is the vast Lake Magno, whose surface varies according to rainfall.<br />
<br />
The Pradibosco exclave, also located in the north of the country, overlooks Lake Pretannico, and this contributes to its Mediterranean-type microclimate, similar to that found in more southern areas of the nation.<br />
To the northeast, we find the Condinassa massif, where the major mountains of Plevia rise: Mount Tolario (4528 m) is the highest in the nation.<br />
To the south of the massif, there is a large area of temperate forest with a continental climate. The temperature range between summer and winter is particularly pronounced here.<br />
<br />
The climate gradually becomes milder as you proceed towards the south, while the coastal areas are influenced by the presence of the sea, which grants a Mediterranean-type climate, with hot and dry summers.<br />
The Pelagie islands, located near the coasts of Castellan and Mitras, have some subtropical characteristics, and this makes the area particularly suitable for seaside tourism.<br />
<br />
{|<br />
|[[File:Campagna_di_Soresina.jpg|400px|thumb|Typical landscape of the Great Osianese plain]]<br />
|[[File:Ventotene,_veduta_dell'insediamento_principale_dal_mare_03.jpg|400px|thumb|A port town in Nascilia]]<br />
|[[File:Panorama_di_Sulmona.jpg|400px|thumb|A town in Western Gralesia]]<br />
|}<br />
{|<br />
|[[File:Sisemol.jpg|400px|thumb|Northern town in Rovonia]]<br />
|[[File:Piazza Cavalli vista aerea.jpg|400px|thumb|Aerial view of Cappanua]]<br />
|[[File:Calascibetta_Blick_von_Enna.jpg|400px|thumb|A settlements in the sparsed populated area of Barabista]]<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Plevia]]</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=Plevia&diff=19928Plevia2023-10-23T01:01:15Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: Edited intro</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infocard<br />
| name = Republic of Plevia <br />
| flag = Flag of Plevia.svg<br />
| symbol =<br />
| symbol_caption = <br />
| native_name = Repubblica Pleviana<br />
| native_language = Plevian<br />
| capital = [[Osianopoli]] (5.271.938)<br />
| population = 92,665,890<br />
| population_year = 2022<br />
| motto = Per la Patria e per Tutti (''For the Homeland and for All'')<br />
| anthem = <br />
| latitude = 47.227<br />
| longitude = 61.677<br />
| zoom = 5<br />
| relation = 246760<br />
| intro ='''The Republic of Plevia''', commonly referred as '''Plevia''' is a country in western [[Uletha]] occupying the northern portion of the Mediterranean Sea. It borders with [[Franqueterre]], [[Sélonie-Flamain]] and [[Arquitenie]] at west, with [[Pretannia]] and UL08j at north, with [[Suria]] at east, and with [[UL07e]] and [[Navenna]] at south.<br />
<br />
Plevia, a nation with a rich historical heritage, was once the cradle of the old Romantian Empire, alongside Pretannia and other nations. Its cultural and historical significance is reflected in a diverse landscape, encompassing subtropical beaches, northern glaciers, and desertic areas.<br />
<br />
In the 1970s, after a period of dictatorship, Plevia experienced significant economic growth, bolstered by a robust secondary sector and a relatively young population. The country's commitment to infrastructure and innovation in the 2000s and 2010s further strengthened its position.<br />
<br />
Plevia has achieved developed nation status, though wealth disparities persist. The government operates as a Parliamentary Republic, with Virginia Zacconato currently serving as the President, guiding the nation into the future.<br />
}}<br />
==Geography==<br />
{{Infobox geography<br />
| name = Plevia<br />
| continent = Uletha (central-western)<br />
| region = Mediterranean Sea<br />
| population = 92,665,890<br />
| population_year = 2021<br />
| area_km2 = 450,958 km<sup>2</sup><br />
| area_sq_mi = 174,115 sq m<br />
| percent_water = <br />
| density_km2 = 205,48 pp/km<sup>2</sup><br />
| density_sq_mi = 532 pp/sq m<br />
| custom_label1 = Major rivers<br />
| custom1 = <br />
| time_zone = WUT+3:00 <br />
}}<br />
===Overview===<br />
Plevia, with an area of 450,958 square kilometers, is one of the largest nations in the quadrant of the Mediterranean Sea and, given its position, has a varied climate, which gives life to a series of extremely diversified environments.<br />
<br />
Describing the country from north to south, in the northern end of Plevia there is a cold desert area, the Alamo desert, at the center of which is the vast Lake Magno, whose surface varies according to rainfall.<br />
<br />
The Pradibosco exclave, also located in the north of the country, instead overlooks Lake Pretannico, and this contributes to its Mediterranean-type microclimate, similar to that found in more southern areas of the nation.<br />
To the north-east we find the Condinassa massif, where the major mountains of Plevia rise: Mount Tolario (4528 m) is the highest in the nation.<br />
To the south of the massif there is a large area of temperate forest with a continental climate. The temperature range between summer and winter is particularly pronounced here.<br />
<br />
The climate gradually becomes milder as you proceed towards the south, while the coastal areas are influenced by the presence of the sea, which grants a Mediterranean-type climate, with hot and dry summers.<br />
The Pelagie islands, located near the coasts of Castellan and Mitras, have some subtropical characteristics, and this makes the area particularly suitable for seaside tourism.<br />
<br />
[[Category:Plevia]]</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=User:Izaland_Terramorphing_Committee/Sandbox/Izaki_Language&diff=19851User:Izaland Terramorphing Committee/Sandbox/Izaki Language2023-10-15T11:46:57Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox lang<br />
| name = Izaki<br />
| native_name = 華邦語<br />
| pronunciation = izakigo<br />
| official = [[Izaland]]<br />
| other-regions = South-Eastern Uletha<br />
| speakers = 132 million<br />
| agency = Izaland National Academy for the Izaki Language</br>國立華邦語管理學會<br />
| sign = <br />
| dialects = Warohan, Juhuku`<br />
| family = isolate<br />
| writing_system = byakuji (百字) and askaoza (𖬮ᒢ𖬭'ᐤ𖬖𖬰)<br />
| script = byakuji (百字) and askaoza (𖬮ᒢ𖬭'ᐤ𖬖𖬰)<br />
| tonal = No<br />
| alignment =<br />
| word-order = SOV<br />
| modifiers = <br />
| noun-cases = yes<br />
| noun-gender = no<br />
| noun-number = yes<br />
| verb-aspect = yes<br />
| verb-mood = yes<br />
| verb-number = yes<br />
| verb-person = yes<br />
| verb-tense = yes<br />
| verb-voice = yes<br />
| adj-cases = no<br />
| adj-gender = no<br />
| adj-number = yes<br />
}}<br />
A brief manual of Izaki language, the conlang under development for Izaland. <br />
<br />
Basically it is a language isolate, however many elements are inspired by Japanese, Korean and Finnish Languages.<br />
<br />
= Phonology - 音声学 =<br />
<br />
== Sounds ==<br />
Izaki language has an average number of consonant sounds, and a limited number of vocalic sounds, making it a pretty easy to pronounce language. <br />
<br />
=== Vowels ===<br />
Izaki has 5 vowels and 2 semivowels. The 5 vowels can have a short or a long sound:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|<br />
|Back<br />
|Front<br />
|-<br />
|Close<br />
|/i/<br />
|/u/<br />
|-<br />
|Mid<br />
|/e/<br />
|/o/<br />
|-<br />
|Open<br />
|<br />
|/a/<br />
|}<br />
The semivowels are /w/ and /j/, and always occur before a vowel. The only exception is the /wjV/ composition, where V is a vowel (mostly /a/), like in the compound /wja/ (業).<br />
<br />
=== Consonants ===<br />
Izaki has 22 consonants, as per the following phonetic chart.<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''↓ Manner/Place →'''<br />
|'''Bilabial'''<br />
|'''Labiodental'''<br />
|'''Alveolar'''<br />
|'''Palato-alveolar'''<br />
|'''Palatal'''<br />
|'''Velar'''<br />
|'''Glottal'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Nasal'''<br />
|m<br />
|<br />
|n<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|'''Stop'''<br />
|p b<br />
|<br />
|t d<br />
|<br />
|c<br />
|k ɡ<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|'''Affricate'''<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|ʦ ʣ<br />
|ʧ ʤ<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|'''Fricative'''<br />
|<br />
|f<br />
|s z<br />
|ʃ ʒ<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|h<br />
|-<br />
|'''Approximant'''<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|j<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|'''Trill'''<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|ɾ<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|'''Lateral approximant'''<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|l<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Syllabes ==<br />
The Izaki phonology is strictly syllable based, and the structure we are going to explain followingly is so strict that also foreign loan words must be adapted to it. <br />
<br />
To better explain the syllable composition, we will divide the different sounds into three categories:<br />
<br />
'''V''': the 5 vowels, short or long (''a, e, i, o, u, ā, ē, ī, ō, ū'')<br />
<br />
'''C''': the 22 consonants (''p, b, k, g, t, d, ch, j, s, z, ts, ð, sh, zh, m, n, l, r, h, f, v'')<br />
<br />
'''F''': the syllable-final consonants (''n, l, s, r, h*, kk**'') - only these consonants can appear after a vowel in a syllable, or at the end of a word. However, no words end by -h.<br />
<br />
<br />
<nowiki>*</nowiki>h: it can be found in the final position of a syllable structure, and appears between a vowel and another consonant. The following consonant will be not voiced<br />
<br />
Example words: ''dahkei'' (cliff), ''zhohtan'' (side), ''nihki'' (coast), ''rihmi'' (county), ''nehkeu'' (too much)<br />
<br />
<nowiki>**</nowiki>kk: the geminated /k/ is a feature of the south-west dialect, and in current Izaki language only appears in the name of the city of ''Kikknās'' (Itakiri Prefecture).<br />
<br />
A basic syllable can be one of the following kinds:<br />
<br />
* '''V''' any vowel, short or long<br />
* '''CV''' any consonant*, any vowel<br />
* '''CVF'''<br />
<br />
Only non sonorant consonants (''k, t, p, s, ts, sh, ch'') and n, l, r can be strong (doubled). <br />
<br />
Example words: ''kaida'' (sword), ''miwa'' (water), ''rekki'' (pen), ''noppo'' (spoon), ''keilo'' (route), ''shihkama'' (whale), ''kamitsas'' (everywhere), ''estinden'' (always), ''jīssu'' (to press), ''yokoku'' (notice), ''jāshiki'' (common sense), ''gūnyū'' (milk), ''hākei'' (total), ''keskwa'' (result), ''wingyōn'' (bank), ''inshēs'' (printing)...<br />
<br />
== Writing System ==<br />
Izaki language writing system is one of the most articulated writing systems, making use of the '''Bai characters''' and an original composed alphabet called '''askaoza''' (邦記, or 𖬒ᒢ𖬭ᣟᐤ𖬖𖬰).<br />
<br />
The Bai characters and the ''askaoza'' are not alternative writing systems, but each of them has a definite role. Basically, Bai characters are used to show the semantical meaning of nouns, verb roots, adjectives etc., while askaoza complements them, allowing variable parts of the speech to be declined or conjugated accordingly. This works basically as in Japanese with ''kanji'' and ''kana''.<br />
<br />
In the first section of our language manual we are going to learn the basics of the ''askaoza''.<br />
<br />
Main features of the ''askaoza'' writing system:<br />
<br />
# One letter corresponds to one sound<br />
# All the letter are by default adjoined with the sound “/a/”. No words in Izaki can start with a double consonant, while certain consonants can follow another one, but their representation is different (see later)<br />
# The other vocalic sounds except for “a” are rendered with a diacritic symbol, on the left or on the right of the consonant. <br />
# Single vowels are shown by a “placeholder” symbol, with the value of /a/ if no other vowel diacritic is present. <br />
# The main letters are unvoiced sounds. The corresponding voiced sounds are marked by a dot on the top. <br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Roman alp.'''<br />
|'''Character'''<br />
|'''IPA'''<br />
|'''Roman alp.'''<br />
|'''Character'''<br />
|'''IPA'''<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="3" |清音 (seion) - unvoiced<br />
| colspan="3" |濁音 (takuon) - voiced<br />
|-<br />
|'''K'''<br />
|𖬭<br />
|/k/<br />
|'''G'''<br />
|𖬭𖬰<br />
|/g/<br />
|-<br />
|'''P'''<br />
|𖬡<br />
|/p/<br />
|'''B'''<br />
|𖬡𖬰<br />
|/b/<br />
|-<br />
|'''S'''<br />
|𖬖<br />
|/s/<br />
|'''Z'''<br />
|𖬖𖬰<br />
|/z/<br />
|-<br />
|'''T'''<br />
|𖬮<br />
|/t/<br />
|'''D'''<br />
|𖬮𖬰<br />
|/d/<br />
|-<br />
|'''F'''<br />
|𖬌<br />
|/f/<br />
|'''V'''<br />
|𖬌𖬰<br />
|/v/<br />
|-<br />
|'''CH'''<br />
|𖬥<br />
|/ʧ/<br />
|'''J'''<br />
|𖬥𖬰<br />
|/ʤ/<br />
|-<br />
|'''SH'''<br />
|𖬔<br />
|/ʃ/<br />
|'''ZH'''<br />
|𖬔𖬰<br />
|/ʒ/<br />
|-<br />
|'''TS'''<br />
|𖬪<br />
|/ʦ/<br />
|'''Đ'''<br />
|𖬪𖬰<br />
|/ʣ/<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="3" rowspan="5" |<br />
|'''H'''<br />
|𖬨<br />
|/h/<br />
|-<br />
|'''N'''<br />
|𖭑<br />
|/n/<br />
|-<br />
|'''M'''<br />
|𖬊<br />
|/m/<br />
|-<br />
|'''L'''<br />
|𖬠<br />
|/l/<br />
|-<br />
|'''R'''<br />
|𖬬<br />
|/r/<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Vowels and consonant joints ===<br />
Let’s take the first letter in Izaki alphabetical order, the “ka”: 𖬭 As it is now, we would read it /ka/, and not “k”, since in Izaki consonants are not stand-alone, and the default value is /ka/.<br />
<br />
What if we want to give it the sound /ke/? In this case we need to add on the right (as this is the rule of the “E”) the necessary diacritic, called, in Izaki, ''tenkun'': 𖬭ɭ<br />
<br />
Thus we know that “𖬭ɭ” will be read as /ke/; “𖬭𖬭ɭ” will be /kake”/ and “𖬭ɭ𖬭” shall be /keka/<br />
<br />
In the same way, we can write either ki, ko, and ku:<br />
<br />
𖬭ᛁ the “i” sound is made by adding a vertical bar<br />
<br />
𖬭ᐤ the “o” sound is made by adding a small circle on the top-right<br />
<br />
𖬭𐐢 the “u” sound is rendered by an umbrella handle shaped element<br />
<br />
Thus we can have these possible combinations:<br />
<br />
𖬭𖬭ᛁ (kaki), 𖬭ᐤ𖬭𐐢 (koku), 𖬭ᛁ𖬭𐐢 (kiku) etc…<br />
<br />
<br />
Let’s take a view to the main Izaki consonants with the 5 simple vowels:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|''Consonant''<br />
|'''A'''<br />
|'''E'''<br />
|'''I'''<br />
|'''O'''<br />
|'''U'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''-'''<br />
|𖬒 a<br />
|𖬒ɭ e<br />
|𖬒ᛁ i<br />
|𖬒ᐤ o<br />
|𖬒𐐢 u<br />
|-<br />
|'''K'''<br />
|𖬭 ka<br />
|𖬭ɭ ke<br />
|𖬭ᛁ ki<br />
|𖬭ᐤ ko<br />
|𖬭𐐢 ku<br />
|-<br />
|'''P'''<br />
|𖬡 pa<br />
|𖬡ɭ pe<br />
|𖬡ᛁ pi<br />
|𖬡ᐤ po<br />
|𖬡𐐢 pu<br />
|-<br />
|'''S'''<br />
|𖬖 sa<br />
|𖬖ɭ se<br />
|𖬖ᛁ shi<br />
|𖬖ᐤ so<br />
|𖬖𐐢 su<br />
|-<br />
|'''T'''<br />
|𖬮 ta<br />
|𖬮ɭ te<br />
|𖬮ᛁ ti<br />
|𖬮ᐤ to<br />
|𖬮𐐢 tu<br />
|-<br />
|'''F'''<br />
|𖬌 fa<br />
|𖬌ɭ fe<br />
|𖬌ᛁ fi<br />
|𖬌ᐤ fo<br />
|𖬌𐐢 fu<br />
|-<br />
|'''CH'''<br />
|𖬥 cha<br />
|𖬥ɭ che<br />
|𖬥ᛁ chi<br />
|𖬥ᐤ cho<br />
|𖬥𐐢 chu<br />
|-<br />
|'''SH'''<br />
|𖬔 sha<br />
|𖬔ɭ she<br />
|𖬔ᛁ shi<br />
|𖬔ᐤ sho<br />
|𖬔𐐢 shu<br />
|-<br />
|'''TS'''<br />
|𖬪 tsa<br />
|𖬪ɭ tse<br />
|𖬪ᛁ tsi<br />
|𖬪ᐤ tso<br />
|𖬪𐐢 tsu<br />
|-<br />
|'''H'''<br />
|𖬨 ha<br />
|𖬨ɭ he<br />
|𖬨ᛁ hi<br />
|𖬨ᐤ ho<br />
|𖬨𐐢 hu<br />
|-<br />
|'''N'''<br />
|𖭑 na<br />
|𖭑ɭ ne<br />
|𖭑ᛁ ni<br />
|𖭑ᐤ no<br />
|𖭑𐐢 nu<br />
|-<br />
|'''M'''<br />
|𖬊 ma<br />
|𖬊ɭ me<br />
|𖬊ᛁ mi<br />
|𖬊ᐤ mo<br />
|𖬊𐐢 mu<br />
|-<br />
|'''L'''<br />
|𖬠 la<br />
|𖬠ɭ le<br />
|𖬠ᛁ li<br />
|𖬠ᐤ lo<br />
|𖬠𐐢 lu<br />
|-<br />
|'''R'''<br />
|𖬬 ra<br />
|𖬬ɭ re<br />
|𖬬ᛁ ri<br />
|𖬬ᐤ ro<br />
|𖬬𐐢 ru<br />
|}<br />
Here are the derived consonants with the different vowel combinations:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|''Consonant''<br />
|'''A'''<br />
|'''E'''<br />
|'''I'''<br />
|'''O'''<br />
|'''U'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''-'''<br />
|𖬒 a<br />
|𖬒ɭ e<br />
|𖬒ᛁ i<br />
|𖬒ᐤ o<br />
|𖬒𐐢 u<br />
|-<br />
|'''G'''<br />
|𖬭𖬰 ga<br />
|𖬭𖬰ɭ ge<br />
|𖬭𖬰ᛁ gi<br />
|𖬭𖬰ᐤ go<br />
|𖬭𖬰𐐢 gu<br />
|-<br />
|'''B'''<br />
|𖬡𖬰 ba<br />
|𖬡𖬰ɭ be<br />
|𖬡𖬰ᛁ bi<br />
|𖬡𖬰ᐤ bo<br />
|𖬡𖬰𐐢 bu<br />
|-<br />
|'''Z'''<br />
|𖬖𖬰 za<br />
|𖬖𖬰ɭ ze<br />
|𖬖𖬰ᛁ zi<br />
|𖬖𖬰ᐤ zo<br />
|𖬖𖬰𐐢 zu<br />
|-<br />
|'''D'''<br />
|𖬮𖬰 da<br />
|𖬮𖬰ɭ de<br />
|𖬮𖬰ᛁ di<br />
|𖬮𖬰ᐤ do<br />
|𖬮𖬰𐐢 du<br />
|-<br />
|'''V'''<br />
|𖬌𖬰 va<br />
|𖬌𖬰ɭ ve<br />
|𖬌𖬰ᛁ vi<br />
|𖬌𖬰ᐤ vo<br />
|𖬌𖬰𐐢 vu<br />
|-<br />
|'''J'''<br />
|𖬥𖬰 ja<br />
|𖬥𖬰ɭ je<br />
|𖬥𖬰ᛁ ji<br />
|𖬥𖬰ᐤ jo<br />
|𖬥𖬰𐐢 ju<br />
|-<br />
|'''ZH'''<br />
|𖬔𖬰 zha<br />
|𖬔𖬰ɭ zhe<br />
|𖬔𖬰ᛁ zhi<br />
|𖬔𖬰ᐤ zho<br />
|𖬔𖬰𐐢 zhu<br />
|-<br />
|'''Ð'''<br />
|𖬪𖬰 ða<br />
|𖬪𖬰ɭ ðe<br />
|𖬪𖬰ᛁ ði<br />
|𖬪𖬰ᐤ ðo<br />
|𖬪𖬰𐐢 ðu<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Diphthongs ===<br />
Besides the main 5 vowels, Izaki language also has s certain number of diphthongs, or gliding vowels, a combination of two adjacent vowel sounds within the same syllable. <br />
<br />
Let’s take a look at some examples: 𐭘𖬭 kya, 𐩪𖬌 fwo, 𐩬𖬖 swa<br />
<br />
There are 8 main diphthongs, rendered in roman alphabet with “y” (/j/) and “w” (/w/), and in askaoza these semivocalic sounds are shown by a diacritic on the left of the corresponding consonant. <br />
<br />
Let’s see how it works with the consonant 𖭑 (n):<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|<br />
|'''A'''<br />
|'''E'''<br />
|'''I'''<br />
|'''O'''<br />
|'''U'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Y'''<br />
|𐭘𖭑 nya<br />
|𐐑𖭑 nye<br />
|<br />
|ᛚ𖭑 nyo<br />
|𐐓𖭑 nyu<br />
|-<br />
|'''W'''<br />
|𐩬𖭑 nwa<br />
|𐩧𖭑 nwe<br />
|𐐊𖭑 nwi<br />
|𐩪𖭑 nwo<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
Example words and sounds:<br />
<br />
𖭑ᛁ𐩬𖭑ɭ niswae<br />
<br />
𖬒ᐤ𐐓𖬬𖬒 oryua<br />
<br />
𐩧𖬭𖬬ᛁ kweri<br />
<br />
𐐓𖬒𖬪ᐤ yutso<br />
<br />
𐭘𖬨Ꮀ𐐊𖬭 hyaakwi<br />
<br />
𐐑𖬒ᛁ𖬖ᐤᐡ yeison<br />
<br />
𖬌𐐢𐐑𖬬 furye<br />
<br />
𖬪𐩬𖬒 tsawa<br />
<br />
𖬖𐩪𖬒𖬨ᛁ sawohi<br />
<br />
𐩪𖬭𖬨ɭ kwohe<br />
<br />
𖬊ᛁ𐩧𖬖Ꮀ miwee<br />
<br />
ᛚ𖬒𖬊 yoma<br />
<br />
𐐓𖬊Ꮀ𖬨 myuuha<br />
<br />
ᛚ𖬮𖬖𐐢 tyosu<br />
<br />
=== Double Consonants ===<br />
The double consonant is possible only with K, P, CH, S, T, N, L, SH, TS, and it is shown by a "^" diacritic symbol on the respective glyph.<br />
* KKA 𖬘𖬳<br />
* PPA 𖬇𖬳<br />
* TTA 𖬁𖬳𖬳<br />
* CCHA 𖬐𖬳<br />
* SSA 𖬖𖬳<br />
* SSHA 𖬔𖬳<br />
* TTSA 𖬑𖬳𖬳<br />
* LLA 𖬈𖬳<br />
<br />
Only the "nn" rendering is different, as it is shown with a diacritic symbol before "NA": <br />
<br />
* NNA ⲅ𖭑<br />
<br />
;Examples <br />
* 𖬮𖬭 taka vs 𖬮𖬘𖬳 takka<br />
* 𖬨ᛁ𖭑ᐡ hinan vs 𖬨ᛁⲅ𖭑ᐡ hinnan<br />
* 𖬥ᛁ𐩪𖬭 chikwo vs 𖬥ᛁ𐩪𖬘𖬳 chikkwo<br />
* 𖬮𐐢𖬖 usa vs 𖬮𐐢𖬖𖬳 ussa<br />
* 𖬮ᐤ𖬇𐐢ᐢ opun vs 𖬮ᐤ𖬇𖬳𐐢ᐢ oppun<br />
<br />
=== Long vowels ===<br />
In Izaki language, vowels can be short or long. This feature has a distinctive value, so it is important to notice when a vowel is short or long. <br />
<br />
In the official '''Sanotari-Idanos romanization system''', long vowels are written with a macron: ā ī ē ō ū, while in the less used '''Tagenas romanization system''', they are just left as a couple of vowels: aa, ii, ee, oo, uu. <br />
<br />
In the askaoza alphabet, to mark a long vowel, the diacritic “Ꮀ” is placed on the right of the long vowel syllable. <br />
<br />
Let’s take a look at some examples: 𖬭Ꮀ kā, 𖬌ᛁᎰ fī, 𖬮ᐤᎰ tō<br />
<br />
There are cases of long vowel in a CVC syllabe. In this case, the diacritic must be placed before the final consonant one: 𖬪ᐤᎰᐡ tsōn, 𖬬𐐢Ꮀᒢ rūs, 𖬨ɭᎰᣘ hēr<br />
<br />
= Greetings and useful expressions =<br />
In the table, some useful words in Izaki<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Ingerish'''<br />
|'''Izaki (romanised)'''<br />
|'''Transcription (Izaki)'''<br />
|-<br />
|Ingerish<br />
|Ingo<br />
|引語<br />
|-<br />
|Yes<br />
|Sā<br />
|𖬖⸠<br />
|-<br />
|No<br />
|Na<br />
|𖭑<br />
|-<br />
|Hello!<br />
|Ānjiwara!<br />
|𖬮⸠ᐢ𖬐𖬰ᛁ𐩬𖬮𖬬<br />
|-<br />
|How are you<br />
|Soi yodeska?<br />
|𖬖ᐤᛁ ꓩ𖬮𖬒𖬰ɭᒢ𖬭?<br />
|-<br />
|Hello (formal)<br />
|Āmajike<br />
|𖬮⸠𖬊𖬐𖬰ᛁ𖬭ɭ<br />
|-<br />
|Hi! (informal)<br />
|Ānji!<br />
|𖬮⸠ᐢ𖬐𖬰ᛁ!<br />
|-<br />
|I'm fine, thank you.<br />
|Nai tepan, dōmas.<br />
|𖭑꜉ 良ᐢ, 𖬒𖬰ᐤ⸠𖬊ᒢ.<br />
|-<br />
|So and so<br />
|tepana, zushina / tenazuna<br />
|良𖭑, 悪𖭑 / 𖬁ɭ𖭑𖬖𖬰𐐢𖭑<br />
|-<br />
|Goodbye!<br />
|Sokkiba!<br />
|𖬖ᐤⲅ𖬭ᛁ𖬇𖬰!<br />
|-<br />
|Welcome<br />
|Witte edeseke<br />
|𐐊𖬮𖬁𖬳𖬳ɭ 𖬮ɭ𖬒𖬰ɭ𖬖ɭ𖬭ɭ<br />
|-<br />
|Please<br />
|Inadeshiyan (indeshan)<br />
|𖬮ᛁ𖭑𖬒𖬰ɭ𖬔ᛁ𐭘𖬮ᐢ (𖬮ᛁᐢ𖬒𖬰ɭ𖬔ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|Thank you<br />
|Dōmas<br />
<br />
Dōmades<br />
|𖬒𖬰ᐤ⸠𖬊ᒢ.<br />
𖬒𖬰ᐤ⸠𖬊𖬒𖬰ɭᒢ<br />
|-<br />
|You're welcome<br />
|Dōmehisatta<br />
|𖬒𖬰ᐤ⸠𖬊ɭ𖬨ᛁ𖬖𖬁𖬳𖬳<br />
|-<br />
|Excuse me<br />
|Karansekeni / Karanseken / Karansee<br />
|𖬭𖬬ᐢ𖬖ɭ𖬭ɭ𖭑ᛁ / 𖬭𖬬ᐢ𖬖ɭ𖬭ɭᐢ / 𖬭𖬬ᐢ𖬖ɭ⸠<br />
|-<br />
|Sorry<br />
|Kuben<br />
|𖬭𐐢𖬇𖬰ɭᐢ<br />
|-<br />
|Good morning<br />
|Tepan allaa<br />
|良ᐢ 朝⸠<br />
|-<br />
|Good afternoon<br />
|Tepan katoo<br />
|良ᐢ 昼⸠<br />
|-<br />
|Good evening<br />
|Tepan seikaa<br />
|良ᐢ 夕⸠<br />
|-<br />
|Goodnight <br />
|Tepan nanshaa<br />
|良ᐢ 夜⸠<br />
|}<br />
<br />
= Nouns =<br />
Nouns in Izaki can be declined in singular and plural forms. There are no genders, as male, female or neuter. All the names are genderless.<br />
<br />
== Plural Formation ==<br />
In order to make the plural form, you need to prolong the last vowel of the name and add “n”. If the name already ends by a long vowel, just a n is added. If a noun ends in a consonant, see the rules. <br />
<br />
=== Nouns ending by vowel: ===<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Meaning'''<br />
|'''Singular (nominative)'''<br />
|'''Plural (nominative)'''<br />
|-<br />
|''water''<br />
|miwa (水)<br />
|miwaan (水⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''fire''<br />
|hunui(火)<br />
|hunuiin(火⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''man''<br />
|suto (男)<br />
|sutoon (男⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''woman''<br />
|natae (女)<br />
|nataeen (女⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''apple''<br />
|sugua (檎)<br />
|suguaan (檎⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''forest''<br />
|tsawa (森)<br />
|tsawaan (森⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''rice''<br />
|konu (米)<br />
|konuun (米⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''freedom''<br />
|jiyu (自由)<br />
|jiyuun (自由⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''nation''<br />
|kukka (國家)<br />
|kukkaan (國家⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|symptom<br />
|byōshō (病症)<br />
|byōshōhin (病症𖬨ᛁᐢ)<sup>1</sup><br />
|}<br />
1: nouns ending by a long vowel will add "hin" (𖬨ᛁᐢ)<br />
<br />
=== Noun ending by consonants: ===<br />
In Izaki, due to phonological rules, words can only end by: -n, -s, -l, -r. Basically to make the plural form, you need to prolong the ending consonant, and recall once again the previous vowel. <br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Meaning'''<br />
|'''Singular (nominative)'''<br />
|'''Plural (nominative)'''<br />
|'''Remarks, exceptions'''<br />
|-<br />
|''surface''<br />
|pyomyen(表面)<br />
|pyomyenne(表面𖭑ɭ)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''law''<br />
|pōrīs(法律)<br />
|pōrīsshi(法律𖬔ᛁ)<br />
|Izaki phonetics do not allow the /si/ syllable, which becomes /ʃi/ (shi). <br />
|-<br />
|''technology''<br />
|gijus(技術)<br />
|gijussu(技術𖬖𐐢)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''wave''<br />
|moigon(波)<br />
|moigonno(波𖭑ᐤ)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''leg''<br />
|huinnon(脚)<br />
|huinnonno(脚𖭑ᐤ)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''fennel''<br />
|totsus(茴)<br />
|totsussu(茴𖬖𐐢)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''insect''<br />
|nās(虫)<br />
|nāssa(虫𖬖)<br />
|If the last vowel of the singular form is a long one (ā,ē,ī,ō,ū), in the plural form it will be a shortened vowel.<br />
|-<br />
|''love''<br />
|saison(愛)<br />
|saisonno(愛𖭑ᐤ)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''docking''<br />
|rul(埠)<br />
|rullu(埠𖬈𐐢)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''God of the Sea''<br />
|kikk(𖬭ᛁ𖬘𖬳')<br />
|kikki(𖬭ᛁ𖬘𖬳ᛁ)<br />
|irregular word<br />
|-<br />
|''moral''<br />
|tekeh(徳)<br />
|tekehte(徳𖬁ɭ)<br />
|irregular word<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Cases ==<br />
Izaki Language operates on 8 cases (格⸠ᐢ ''kakuun''). <br />
<br />
Nouns, adjectives, pronouns and verbs need to be declined in most of the situations.<br />
<br />
# '''Nominative''' (主格, shukaku): the case used for the main subject, or the topic of the sentence. In the dictionary the nouns are in the nominative form.<br />
# '''Genitive''' (属格, zukkaku): to express the possession<br />
# '''Accusative''' (対格, taikaku): the case used for the direct object of a transitive verb<br />
# '''Dative''' (与格, yokaku): the indirect case of a destination recipient (to whom)<br />
# '''Locative''' (処格, shokaku): the case used to express the static position<br />
# '''Allative''' (向格, hyānkaku): the case used to express the direction (to the outside, until)<br />
# '''Ablative''' (奪格, daskaku): the case used to express the origin (from where, from when)<br />
# '''Instrumental''' (具格, gukaku): the case used to express the way or the instrument of an action (with something, using something), and also used to create other expressions using added ending suffixes. <br />
The following tables shows how some example words declinate in the different cases at their singular forms:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Case/meaning'''<br />
|'''Addied stem (-V/-C)'''<br />
|''water''<br />
|''tear''<br />
|''gate''<br />
|''wolf''<br />
|''opinion''<br />
|''day''<br />
|''sugar''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Nominative'''<br />
|''-''<br />
|miwa<br />
|tsokke<br />
|mua<br />
|tsaikis<br />
|wiken<br />
|kato<br />
|satā<br />
|-<br />
|'''Genitive'''<br />
|''add -s/-us''<br />
|miwa'''s'''<br />
|tsokkes<br />
|muas<br />
|tsaikisus<br />
|wikenus<br />
|ka'''d'''os<br />
|sa'''d'''ās<br />
|-<br />
|'''Accusative'''<br />
|''prolong vowel<sup>1</sup>''<br />
|miw'''ā'''<br />
|tsokkē<br />
|muā<br />
|tsaikisū<br />
|wikenū<br />
|katoo<br />
|satā<br />
|-<br />
|'''Dative'''<br />
|''add -i''<br />
|miwa'''i'''<br />
|tsokkei<br />
|muai<br />
|tsaikishi<br />
|wikenni<br />
|katoi<br />
|satāi<br />
|-<br />
|'''Locative'''<br />
|''add -n/-un''<br />
|miwa'''n'''<br />
|tsokken<br />
|muan<br />
|tsaikisun<br />
|wikenun<br />
|ka'''d'''on<br />
|sa'''d'''ān<br />
|-<br />
|'''Allative'''<br />
|''add -r/-ur''<br />
|miwa'''r'''<br />
|tsokker<br />
|muar<br />
|tsaikisur<br />
|wikenur<br />
|ka'''d'''or<br />
|sa'''d'''ār<br />
|-<br />
|'''Ablative'''<br />
|''add -l/-ul''<br />
|miwa'''l'''<br />
|tsokkel<br />
|mual<br />
|tsaikisul<br />
|wikenul<br />
|ka'''d'''ol<br />
|sa'''d'''āl<br />
|-<br />
|'''Instrumental'''<br />
|''see below''<br />
|miwa'''e'''<br />
|tsokkei<br />
|muae<br />
|tsaikiso<br />
|wikeni<br />
|katou<br />
|satāe<br />
|}<br />
1: if the noun already ends by a long vowel, the accusative keeps the same as the nominative.<br />
<br />
2: in the ''genitive'', ''locative'', ''allative'' and ''ablative'' cases ('''strong cases'''), nouns ending by vowel see a change in the last consonant, which becomes a sonorant if originally was k, p, ch, t, f, r, ts, sh. This phenomenon is called sonorisation of strong cases (強格濁音化); <br />
<br />
Eg: ''lota'' (sheet) > ''lo'''d'''as'', ''taito'' (diary) > ''tai'''d'''on'', ''dasa'' (trunk) > ''da'''z'''as'', ''niki'' (tower) > ''ni'''g'''is''<br />
<br />
However, this doesn't happen with double consonants, and when the consonant is preceded by ''h'' or ''s'': <br />
<br />
E.g. ''dahkei'' (precipice) > ''dah'''k'''ein'', ''juska'' (son) > ''jus'''k'''as''<br />
<br />
==== The instrumental ====<br />
The instrumental case can be created using the “vowel progression system”, and the rule is easily observable by each vowel ending words:<br />
<br />
# Words ending in a: add an -e<br />
# Words ending in e: add an -i<br />
# Words ending in i: add an -o (a diphthongization happens, so the word end changes to -yo)<br />
# Words ending in o: add an -u<br />
# Words ending in u: add an -a (a diphthongization happens, so the word end changes to -wa)<br />
# Words ending in consonant follow the same vowel progression rule as above, but the ending consonant doubles<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Meaning'''<br />
|'''Nominative'''<br />
|'''Instrumental'''<br />
|'''Notes'''<br />
|-<br />
|''water''<br />
|miwa<br />
|miwae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''hill''<br />
|oboe<br />
|oboei<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''river''<br />
|sāri<br />
|sāryo<br />
|i+o contract in “yo”<br />
|-<br />
|''color''<br />
|ahiro<br />
|ahirou<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''bear''<br />
|usumu<br />
|usumwa<br />
|u+a contract in “wa”<br />
|-<br />
|''employee''<br />
|shawin<br />
|shawinno<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''beetle''<br />
|tendattan<br />
|tendattanne<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''Sainðaul''<br />
|''Sainðaul''<br />
|''Sainðaulla''<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''life''<br />
|seikwas<br />
|seikwasse<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
''Note'': words already ending with a diphthong keeps behaving the same, except for V+”o” ending nouns:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Meaning'''<br />
|'''Nominative'''<br />
|'''Instrumental'''<br />
|'''Remarks'''<br />
|-<br />
|''lightning''<br />
|sasatsai <br />
|sasatsayo<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''bell''<br />
|akau<br />
|akawa<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''neck''<br />
|kea<br />
|keae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''tusk''<br />
|nekīkei<br />
|nekīkeyo<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''mushroom''<br />
|hingao<br />
|hingō*<br />
|<nowiki>-ao ending names change the last “ao” to “ō”</nowiki><br />
|-<br />
|''port''<br />
|sāreo<br />
|sāreu<br />
|<nowiki>-eo ending names change the last “eo” to “eu”</nowiki><br />
|-<br />
|''glass''<br />
|tassuo<br />
|tassū<br />
|<nowiki>-uo ending names change the last “uo” to “ū”</nowiki><br />
|-<br />
|''actor''<br />
|haiyū<br />
|haiyūa<br />
| -long u ending names just see an added "a"<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Derived cases ===<br />
From the instrumental stem, by adding other particles, you can create some sub-cases. <br />
<br />
# '''Comitative''' (with): -te (''miwaete'', with the water; ''tendattannete'', with the beetle)<br />
# '''Translative''' (to become): - nde (''sāryonde'', to become a river, ''jiyuande'', to become free)<br />
# '''Dedative''' (about): - nkai (''ahirounkai'', about the color; )<br />
# '''Abessive''' (without) -ttan (''saisonuttan'', without love; ''gijussattan'', without technology)<br />
<br />
Another case, the istructive, is made by the dative bases: <br />
<br />
# '''Istructive''' (with the mean of): - hte<br />
<br />
<br />
''Example sentences''<br />
<br />
I live in Sainðaul<br />
<br />
''Nai Sainðaulun paen. (我 作安崎''𐐢ᐢ 住𖬮ɭᐢ'')''<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
The books of the student are in the classroom.<br />
<br />
''Hakuseis kinoon kyoshisun yohan.(学生之 冊''⸠ᐢ 教室𐐢ᐢ ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ)<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Anna ordered two novels.<br />
<br />
''Anna shosessē kantsul chubun teki.'' (𖬮ⲅ𖭑 小説𖬖ɭ⸠ 二𖬑𐐢ᐡ 注文𖬁ɭ𖬭ᛁ.)<br />
<br />
=== Plural cases ===<br />
The formation of the plural cases sees the presence of a thematic "i" inserted between the root of the word and the case ending; the consonant sonorisation doesn't happen:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Case/meaning'''<br />
|'''Addied stem (-V/-C)'''<br />
|''water''<br />
|''tear''<br />
|''gate''<br />
|''wolf''<br />
|''opinion''<br />
|''day''<br />
|''sugar''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Nominative'''<br />
|prolong last vowel and add -n/double the last consonant, and repeat the preceding vowel<br />
|miwaan<br />
|tsokkeen<br />
|muaan<br />
|tsaikisshi<br />
|wikenne<br />
|katoon<br />
|satāhin<br />
|-<br />
|'''Genitive'''<br />
|''add -is/-es''<br />
|miwa'''is'''<br />
|tsokke'''is'''<br />
|mua'''is'''<br />
|tsaikis'''es'''<br />
|wiken'''es'''<br />
|kato'''is'''<br />
|satāhes<br />
|-<br />
|'''Accusative'''<br />
|''add -ita/-ta''<br />
|miw'''aita'''<br />
|tsokke'''ita'''<br />
|mua'''ita'''<br />
|tsaikis'''ta'''<br />
|wiken'''ta'''<br />
|kato'''ita'''<br />
|satāheta<br />
|-<br />
|'''Dative'''<br />
|''add -hi''<br />
|miwa'''hi'''<br />
|tsokke'''hi'''<br />
|mua'''hi'''<br />
|tsaikis'''shi'''<br />
|wiken'''hi'''<br />
|kato'''hi'''<br />
|satāhi<br />
|-<br />
|'''Locative'''<br />
|''add -in/-en''<br />
|miwa'''in'''<br />
|tsokke'''in'''<br />
|mua'''in'''<br />
|tsaikis'''en'''<br />
|wiken'''en'''<br />
|kato'''in'''<br />
|satāhen<br />
|-<br />
|'''Allative'''<br />
|''add -ir/-er''<br />
|miwa'''ir'''<br />
|tsokke'''ir'''<br />
|mua'''ir'''<br />
|tsaikis'''er'''<br />
|wiken'''er'''<br />
|kato'''ir'''<br />
|satāher<br />
|-<br />
|'''Ablative'''<br />
|''add -il/-el''<br />
|miwa'''il'''<br />
|tsokke'''il'''<br />
|mua'''il'''<br />
|tsaikis'''el'''<br />
|wiken'''el'''<br />
|kato'''il'''<br />
|satāhel<br />
|-<br />
|'''Instrumental'''<br />
|''add -i after the singular instrumental''<br />
|miwa'''ei'''<br />
|tsokkeii<br />
|muaei<br />
|tsaikisoi<br />
|wikenii<br />
|katoui<br />
|satāei<br />
|}<br />
Note:<br />
<br />
* When a noun ends by long vowel at its singular form, the plural nominative theme is "-hin", but changes in "-he-" for the strong cases (genitive, locative, allative, ablative) eg: ''fupō'' (illegality) becomes ''fupōhin'' (illegalities), ''fubōs'' (of the illegality), ''fupōhen'' (in the illegalities) ...<br />
<br />
= Personal Pronouns =<br />
The personal pronouns in Izaki language, are the following:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|<br />
|'''Sing.'''<br />
|'''Plur.'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''1st'''<br />
|Nai<br />
|Naiin (exclusive), Nahu (incl.)<br />
|-<br />
|'''2nd'''<br />
|Sai / Kisai<br />
|Saiin / Kisaiin<br />
|-<br />
|'''3rd''' <br />
|Han<br />
|Hannu<br />
|}<br />
The 2nd person gets an honorific form by adding “ki” (貴) as a prefix<br />
<br />
Case conjugation:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Case'''<br />
|''I''<br />
|''You''<br />
|''He/She''<br />
|''We (ex)''<br />
|''We (inc)''<br />
|''You (pl)''<br />
|''They''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Nominative'''<br />
|nai<br />
|sai<br />
|han<br />
|naiin<br />
|nahu<br />
|saiin<br />
|hannu<br />
|-<br />
|'''Genitive'''<br />
|naiyo<br />
|saiyo<br />
|haiyo<br />
|nakiyo<br />
|nahuyo<br />
|sakiyo<br />
|hanniyo<br />
|-<br />
|'''Accusative'''<br />
|naka<br />
|saka<br />
|haka<br />
|naika<br />
|nahka<br />
|saika<br />
|hannika<br />
|-<br />
|'''Dative'''<br />
|nakai<br />
|sakai<br />
|hakai<br />
|naikai<br />
|nahkai<br />
|saikai<br />
|hannikai<br />
|-<br />
|'''Locative'''<br />
|nain<br />
|sain<br />
|hain<br />
|nakin<br />
|nahkin<br />
|sakin<br />
|hannun<br />
|-<br />
|'''Allative'''<br />
|nair<br />
|sair<br />
|hair<br />
|nakir<br />
|nahkir<br />
|sakir<br />
|hannur<br />
|-<br />
|'''Ablative'''<br />
|nail<br />
|sail<br />
|hail<br />
|nakil<br />
|nahkil<br />
|sakil<br />
|hannul<br />
|-<br />
|'''Instrumental'''<br />
|nayo<br />
|sayo<br />
|hane<br />
|nakyo<br />
|nahkyo<br />
|sakyo<br />
|hannwa<br />
|}<br />
The genitive, accusative and dative forms have also a suffix variation which can be put at the end of a noun or as a suffix of a verb:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Case'''<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|'''Genitive'''<br />
|<nowiki>-ne</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-se</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-he</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-nehe</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-nuhe</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-sehe</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-hese</nowiki><br />
|-<br />
|'''Accusative'''<br />
|<nowiki>-ni</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-shi</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-hi</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-nki</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-nhi</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-ski</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-heshi</nowiki><br />
|-<br />
|'''Dative'''<br />
|<nowiki>-na</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-sa</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-ha</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-nka</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-nha</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-ska</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-hasa</nowiki><br />
|}<br />
Note: in spoken language ''hese'' and ''hasa'' often become ''hes'', ''has''.<br />
<br />
=== Genitive suffix ===<br />
My computer: Naiyo dyensanki - or - dyensankine<br />
<br />
His wallet: Haiyo ðaifu - or - ðaifuhe<br />
<br />
Their house: Hanniyo futaka - or - futakahese<br />
<br />
Your smile: Saiyo hamiku - or - hamikuse<br />
<br />
=== Accusative suffix ===<br />
The accusative suffix is used after a verb when the direct object of it is a personal pronoun.<br />
<br />
I call you tomorrow: ''Nai akae nakonshi'' (also ''Nai akae saka nakon'')<br />
<br />
She invited you (pl) to the party: ''Han uiraben chadoisk''i (also ''Han saika uiraben chadoi'')<br />
<br />
I love you: (''Nai) saisonshi'' (also ''Nai saka saison'')<br />
<br />
==== Accusative suffix with reflexive verbs ====<br />
Certain verbs are called ''reflexive'', as the action gets back to the subject. In these cases, the accusative suffix has to be used.<br />
<br />
I get up (I wake up myself): ''Nai tashitonni''.<br />
<br />
He washes himself: ''Han jipehi.''<br />
<br />
They wore up in a hurry: ''Hannu dunese tapukeeheshi''. (eehe is often pronounced “ppe” in the spoken language > tapukeppeshi)<br />
<br />
(due to the repetitive eehe in reflexive verbs in the 3rd plural conjugation, the ēheshi suffix often gets contracted to ppēs, especially in spoken Izaki: “(Hannu) Dunese tapukeppes.”)<br />
<br />
=== Dative suffix ===<br />
The dative suffixes can be attached at the end of the verb. Notice the changes when the verb conjugation ends by consonant. <br />
<br />
He gives me some presents: ''Han kappareita tsotana.'' <br />
<br />
Sanna sent you her ring: ''Sanna tamūhe ronusa''.<br />
<br />
They killed him: ''Hannu sazokeeha''.<br />
<br />
=== Possessing function ===<br />
To express sentences such as “I have something”, the pronoun must be changed in the possession tense, which is as follow: <br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Standard form'''<br />
|'''Possessing form'''<br />
|-<br />
|Nai 𖭑꜉<br />
|Nara 𖭑𖬬<br />
|-<br />
|Sai 𖬖꜉<br />
|Sara 𖬖𖬬<br />
|-<br />
|Han 𖬨ᐢ<br />
|Hara 𖬨𖬬<br />
|-<br />
|Naiin 𖭑꜉⸠ᐢ<br />
|Naira 𖭑꜉𖬬<br />
|-<br />
|Saiin 𖬖꜉⸠ᐢ<br />
|Saira 𖬖꜉𖬬<br />
|-<br />
|Hannu 𖬨ⲅ𖭑𐐢<br />
|Hanara 𖬨𖭑𖬬<br />
|}<br />
<u>Structure</u>: Pronoun in possessive form, owned object, to be verb (conjugated according to the number of the owned thing(s)).<br />
<br />
I have a bicycle: ''<u>Nara</u> jityensha yo. (''𖭑𖬬 自轉車 ꓩ𖬮)<br />
<br />
She has many clothes: ''<u>Hara</u> tasuin chuneen yohan.'' (𖬨𖬬 多𖬮ᛁᐢ 衣⸠ᐢ ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ.)<br />
<br />
You don’t have any pride: ''<u>Saira</u> nashehen euna yona.'' (𖬖꜉𖬬 什⸠ᐢ 誇 ꓩ𖬮𖭑.)<br />
<br />
For nouns different than the personal pronoun, dative case shall be used for the person/object who owns something:<br />
<br />
Kaoto has two cars: ''Kaoto<u>i</u> takamaan kanki yohan.'' (敢斗𖬮ᛁ 車⸠ᐢ 2基 ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ.)<br />
<br />
Has your teacher got a girlfriend? ''Hagiuppaya<u>i</u>se nattaiko yoreka?'' <br />
<br />
= Prepositions of place =<br />
Rule: change the name in the '''genitive''' case, followed by the position particle in '''locative''' case<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+Main prepositions of place '''(位置後付詞)'''<br />
!Meaning<br />
!Izaki<br />
!Writing<br />
!Example (with the words “table” (sawohi) and “” (house)<br />
|-<br />
|In front<br />
|adae<br />
|向<br />
|sawohis adaen<br />
|-<br />
|Behind<br />
|odae<br />
|後<br />
|sawohis odaen<br />
|-<br />
|On<br />
|uino<br />
|上<br />
|sawohis uinon<br />
|-<br />
|Over<br />
|swori<br />
|𐩪𖬖𖬬ᛁ<br />
|sawohis sworin<br />
|-<br />
|Under<br />
|teano<br />
|下<br />
|sawohis teanon<br />
|-<br />
|Below<br />
|kauri<br />
|𖬭'𐐢𖬬ᛁ<br />
|sawohis kaurin<br />
|-<br />
|Next to<br />
|muje<br />
|横<br />
|sawohis mujen<br />
|-<br />
|Inside<br />
|juitte<br />
|中<br />
|futagas juitten <br />
|-<br />
|Outside<br />
|toku<br />
|外<br />
|futagas togun<br />
|-<br />
|Nearby<br />
|haikan<br />
|近ᐢ<br />
|futagas haikanun<br />
|-<br />
|Far from<br />
|nantan<br />
|遠ᐢ<br />
|futagas nantanun<br />
|}<br />
<br />
= Verbs =<br />
All izaki verbs, in the "dictionary form" end by -su (𖬖𐐢), and the part preceding it is the verb stem. <br />
<br />
Verbs are conjugated according to the 6 pronouns and in 5 different basic tenses: ''present, simple past, perfect, future,'' and ''hypothetic.'' <br />
<br />
Before other verb forms can be made one must first take off the infinitive ending from the stem, to which other endings are then added, cf. yuka/su ‘(to) think’ : yuka/ma/n ‘I will think’, yuka/ttu ‘thought’. <br />
<br />
Some verbs have more than one stem, in which case one is formed from the other, e.g. i/su ‘(to) go’ : ike/n ‘I go’ and e/su ‘(to) come’ : ere/n ‘I come’. <br />
<br />
Consonant weakening may affect secondary verbs stems, and we will see the rules in this chapter; e.g. nugi/su ‘(to) clean’ : nuki/n ’I clean‘ (consonant gradation) <br />
<br />
== Verb to be (yosu, ꓩ𖬮𖬖𐐢) ==<br />
''Yosu'' verb is the most important one in Izaki language, as it is needed to create sentences like “subject” is “copula”, or for existence sentences, such as “there is something”. <br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|Personal Pr.<br />
|'''Present'''<br />
|Ing. equivalent<br />
|'''Present neg.'''<br />
|'''Simple past'''<br />
|Ing. equivalent<br />
|'''Simple past neg.'''<br />
|'''Perfect'''<br />
|Ing. equivalent<br />
|'''Perfect neg.'''<br />
|'''Future'''<br />
|Ing. equivalent<br />
|'''Future neg.'''<br />
|-<br />
|Nai<br />
|yo'''n''' (ꓩ𖬮ᐢ)<br />
|I am<br />
|yo'''nan'''<br />
|yo'''in'''<br />
|I was<br />
|yo'''nain'''<br />
|yo'''len'''<br />
|I have been<br />
|yo'''nalen'''<br />
|yo'''man'''<br />
|I will be<br />
|yo'''naman'''<br />
|-<br />
|Sai<br />
|yo'''s''' (ꓩ𖬮ᒢ)<br />
|You are<br />
|yo'''nas'''<br />
|yo'''is'''<br />
|You were<br />
|yo'''nais'''<br />
|yo'''les'''<br />
|You have been<br />
|yo'''nales'''<br />
|yo'''mas'''<br />
|You will be<br />
|yo'''namas'''<br />
|-<br />
|Han<br />
|yo (ꓩ𖬮)<br />
|He/She/it is<br />
|yo'''na'''<br />
|yo'''i'''<br />
|He/she/it was<br />
|yo'''nai'''<br />
|yo'''le'''<br />
|He/she/it has been<br />
|yo'''nale'''<br />
|yo'''ma'''<br />
|He/she/it will be<br />
|yo'''nama'''<br />
|-<br />
|Naiin <br />
|yo'''nne''' (ꓩ𖬮ⲅ𖭑ɭ)<br />
|We are<br />
|yo'''nanne'''<br />
|yo'''inne'''<br />
|We were<br />
|yo'''nainne'''<br />
|yo'''lenne'''<br />
|We have been<br />
|yo'''nalenne'''<br />
|yo'''manne'''<br />
|We will be<br />
|yo'''namanne'''<br />
|-<br />
|Saiin<br />
|yo'''sse''' (ꓩ𖬮𖬖𖬳ɭ)<br />
|You are<br />
|yo'''nasse'''<br />
|yo'''isse'''<br />
|You were<br />
|yo'''naisse'''<br />
|yo'''lesse'''<br />
|You have been<br />
|yo'''nalesse'''<br />
|yo'''masse'''<br />
|You will be<br />
|yo'''namasse'''<br />
|-<br />
|Hannu<br />
|yo'''han''' (ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ)<br />
|They are<br />
|yo'''nahan'''<br />
|yo'''ihan'''<br />
|They were<br />
|yo'''naihan'''<br />
|yo'''lehan'''<br />
|They have been<br />
|yo'''nalehan'''<br />
|yo'''mahan'''<br />
|They will be<br />
|yo'''namahan'''<br />
|}<br />
As one can see, the conjugation rule is easy: '''-n''' for the first person, '''-s''' for the second, just the verb stem for the third. <br />
<br />
For the plural pronouns, you add “'''-nne'''” for “we”, “'''-sse'''” for you (plural), and “'''-han'''” for they.<br />
<br />
To create the negative form, just add “na” after the stem, and conjugate accordingly.<br />
<br />
For the simple past, add the past theme “i” after the stem, for the simple past negative, add “nai”, for the perfect add "le", and for the future add "ma" (note that the negative stem "na" has the priority in closeness to the verb stem when other suffixes are added). <br />
<br />
<br />
''Example sentences''<br />
<br />
I am a man ( I - man - am): ''Nai suto yon'' (我ᛁ 男 ꓩ𖬮ᐢ)<br />
<br />
They are doctors. (They - doctor - s - are) ''Hannu satsaan yohan.'' (他ⲅ𖭑𐐢 博⸠ᐢ ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ)<br />
<br />
There was a bird in the house. (House - in - bird - was) ''Futakan fuwo yoi.'' (舎ᐢ 鳥 ꓩ𖬮ᛁ)<br />
<br />
<br />
For the formal form of the verb, used when talking about yourself, or in general, to people who are not your acquaintances, or in situations requiring medium formality, the suffix “ra” (𖬬) has to be added before the person ending. <br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|Personal Pr.<br />
|'''Present'''<br />
|'''Present negative'''<br />
|'''Simple past'''<br />
|'''Simple past negative'''<br />
|-<br />
|Nai<br />
|yora'''n'''<br />
|yo'''naran'''<br />
|yo'''iran'''<br />
|yo'''nairan'''<br />
|-<br />
|Sai<br />
|yora'''s'''<br />
|yo'''naras'''<br />
|yo'''iras'''<br />
|yo'''nairas'''<br />
|-<br />
|Han<br />
|yora<br />
|yo'''nara'''<br />
|yo'''ira'''<br />
|yo'''naira'''<br />
|-<br />
|Naiin<br />
|yora'''nne'''<br />
|yo'''naranne'''<br />
|yo'''iranne'''<br />
|yo'''nairanne'''<br />
|-<br />
|Saiin<br />
|yora'''sse'''<br />
|yo'''narasse'''<br />
|yo'''irasse'''<br />
|yo'''nairasse'''<br />
|-<br />
|Hannu<br />
|yora'''han'''<br />
|yo'''narahan'''<br />
|yo'''irahan'''<br />
|yo'''nairahan'''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
''Example sentences''<br />
<br />
I am a teacher (formal): ''Nai hagiuppaya yoran''. (我ᛁ 教𖬮𐐢𖬇𖬳者 ꓩ𖬮𖬬ᐢ)<br />
<br />
Are you a researcher?: ''Kisai kenkyunsha yoraska?'' (貴你ᛁ 研究者 ꓩ𖬮𖬬ᒢ𖬭?)<br />
<br />
<br />
The aspect suffixes seen so far observe the following preferential order: (stem)-na-(aspect suffix)-ra-(personal ending)-ka<br />
<br />
== Other verbs ==<br />
Izaki verbs can be divided in three groups, according to their ending:<br />
<br />
# Ending by CV + su ('''Group 1''') (as ''ka<u>da</u>su, na<u>ko</u>su, shi<u>ro</u>su'' etc...)<br />
# Ending by VV + su ('''Group 2''') (as ''m<u>oa</u>su, <u>ei</u>su, jing<u>oa</u>su'' etc...)<br />
# Ending by consonant (n, s, l, r, k, h) + su ('''Group 3''') (as ''ode<u>n</u>su, kichoa<u>r</u>su, ma<u>h</u>su,'' etc...)<br />
<br />
=== Present tense ===<br />
<br />
==== Group 1 ====<br />
Verbs of this group always end with -asu, -esu, -isu, -osu, -usu. The vowel before “su” is always a short vowel. <br />
<br />
Note that verbs show a phenomenon similar to that of the nouns' sonorization. In this case, the last consonant before the suffix -su, if a sonorant consonant (g, b, d, z, zh, dz, j), becomes voiceless (k, p, t, s, sh, ts, ch). <br />
<br />
This phenomenon is called "purification" (清音化, ''seionkwa''). See how the following verbs' stem changes accordingly (this is called "weak stem" 弱体 (''zhakuche'')): <br />
<br />
* kadasu (to arrive) kada → ka'''t'''a- <br />
* nugisu (to clean) nugi → nu'''k'''i- <br />
* nebusu (to cook) nebu → ne'''p'''u- <br />
* dagasu (to cut) daga → da'''k'''a- <br />
* sebusu (to finish) sebu → se'''p'''u- <br />
* gindasu (to put) ginda → gin'''t'''a- <br />
* rigusu (to run) rigu → ri'''k'''u- <br />
* wazasu (to divide) waza → wa'''s'''a- <br />
<br />
However, these kind of verbs have two kind of stem: a weak one (which sees this phenomenon) and a strong one (where the sonorant consonant does not change). In general, the weak stem is used to make the simple present, the simple past and the hypotetic tenses, while the strong stem is used to make perfect, future, situative, and participle.<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|<br />
|''To get up''<br />
|''To fly''<br />
|''To speak''<br />
|''To run''<br />
|''To ask''<br />
|-<br />
|Personal Pr.<br />
|'''Tashidosu'''<br />
|'''Nulbisu'''<br />
|'''Rihtasu'''<br />
|'''Rigusu'''<br />
|'''Kieresu'''<br />
|-<br />
|''Nai''<br />
|tashiton<br />
|nulbin<br />
|rihtan<br />
|rikun<br />
|kieren<br />
|-<br />
|''Sai''<br />
|tashitos<br />
|nulbis<br />
|rihtas<br />
|rikus<br />
|kieres<br />
|-<br />
|''Han''<br />
|tashito<br />
|nulbi<br />
|rihta<br />
|riku<br />
|kiere<br />
|-<br />
|''Naiin''<br />
|tashitonne<br />
|nulbinne<br />
|rihtanne<br />
|rikunne<br />
|kierenne<br />
|-<br />
|''Saiin''<br />
|tashitosse<br />
|nulbisse<br />
|rihtasse<br />
|rikusse<br />
|kieresse<br />
|-<br />
|''Hannu''<br />
|tashitohan<br />
|nulbihan<br />
|rihtahan<br />
|rikuhan<br />
|kierehan<br />
|}<br />
You can notice the personal pronoun endings:<br />
<br />
# -n<br />
# -s<br />
# verb stem (just drop “su”, and apply the weak stem, if applicable)<br />
# -nne<br />
# -sse<br />
# -han<br />
<br />
<br />
''Example sentences''<br />
<br />
She speaks Izaki: ''Han izakii rihta''. (彼 華邦語⸠ 話𖬁)<br />
<br />
We run to our house. ''Naiin futakarnehe rigunne''. (我ᛁ⸠ᐢ 舎ᣗ𖭑ɭ𖬨ɭ 走𖬭𖬰𐐢ⲅ𖭑ɭ)<br />
<br />
Mr. Rihasamo asks (to her) her name. ''Rihasamo tana nakoriihe kierera,'' (高山 殿 名ᛁ⸠𖬨ɭ 尋𖬬ɭ𖬬)<br />
<br />
==== Group 2 ====<br />
Verbs of this group always end by -asu, -esu, -isu, -osu, -usu. Before the suffix “su” there is a long vowel or two vowels. The present tense is basically the same as the group 1.<br />
<br />
Note that these verbs only have strong stems (no consonant degradation happens)<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|<br />
|''To drink''<br />
|''To hit''<br />
|''To rotate''<br />
|''To open''<br />
|''To start''<br />
|-<br />
|Personal Pr.<br />
|'''Eisu'''<br />
|'''Seosu'''<br />
|'''Minbaesu'''<br />
|'''Muiyasu'''<br />
|'''Pwikausu'''<br />
|-<br />
|''Nai''<br />
|Ein<br />
|seon<br />
|minbaen<br />
|muiyan<br />
|pwikaun<br />
|-<br />
|''Sai''<br />
|Eis<br />
|seos<br />
|minbaes<br />
|muiyas<br />
|pwikaus<br />
|-<br />
|''Han''<br />
|Ei<br />
|seo<br />
|minbae<br />
|muiya<br />
|pwikau<br />
|-<br />
|''Naiin''<br />
|Einne<br />
|seonne<br />
|minbaenne<br />
|muiyanne<br />
|pwikaunne<br />
|-<br />
|''Saiin''<br />
|Eisse<br />
|seosse<br />
|minbaesse<br />
|muiyasse<br />
|pwikausse<br />
|-<br />
|''Hannu''<br />
|Eihan<br />
|seohan<br />
|minbaehan<br />
|muiyahan<br />
|pwikauhan<br />
|}<br />
You can notice the personal pronoun endings:<br />
<br />
# -n<br />
# -s<br />
# verb stem (no suffix)<br />
# -nne<br />
# -sse<br />
# -han<br />
<br />
<br />
''Example sentences''<br />
<br />
Who opens the window? ''Naga tekaa muiyaraka?'' (誰 窓⸠ 開𐭘𖬮𖬬𖬭)<br />
<br />
When do you start the game? ''Estin appii pwikauraska?'' (𖬮ɭᒢ𖬁ᛁᐢ 娯⸠ 始𖬮𐐢𖬬ᒢ𖬭)<br />
<br />
They rotate the handle. ''Hannu rimeroo minbaerahan.'' (他ⲅ𖭑𐐢 舵⸠ 回𖬮ɭ𖬬𖬨ᐢ)<br />
<br />
==== Group 3 ====<br />
The verbs in this group end by "-su", preceded by a consonant that usually is n, s, and sometimes h, k (rare), l, r. To conjugate this group verbs, it is necessary to check which vowel comes before the consonant, and apply the vowel transition pattern. See how the stems change in the examples<br />
<br />
# Last vowel before Csu a: becomes '''ye''' (eg: kichoarsu → kichoarye-)<br />
# Last vowel before Csu e: becomes '''i''' (remember that "si" sound becomes "shi") ()<br />
# Last vowel before Csu i: becomes '''o''' (eh: jīssu → jīsso-)<br />
# Last vowel before Csu o: becomes '''u''' (eg: lendonsu → lendonnu-)<br />
# Last vowel before Csu u: becomes '''a''' (eg: sonomulsu → sonomulla-)<br />
<br />
According to the ending of the verb, each sub-type has the following last stem consonant changes:<br />
<br />
# '''-assu/essu/ossu/ussu''' verbs: asse/esshi/ossu/ussa + personal pronoun endings<br />
# -'''issu''' verbs: isshi + personal pronoun endings <sup>1</sup><br />
# -'''V<u>ns</u>u''' verbs: V<u>nn</u>V + personal pronoun endings<br />
# -'''Vhsu''' verbs: V<u>pp</u>V + personal pronoun endings <br />
# -'''Vlsu''' verbs: V<u>ll</u>V + personal pronoun endings <br />
# -'''Vksu''' verbs: V<u>kk</u>V + personal pronoun endings <sup>2</sup><br />
# -'''Vrsu''' verbs: V<u>ry</u>V + personal pronoun endings <br />
<br />
<nowiki>*</nowiki> V: vowel<br />
<br />
1: -issu verbs, such as ''ogissu'' (to complain) change their stem into "ogissa-" (ogissan, ogissas, ogissa...)<br />
<br />
2: -ersu verbs, such as ''numersu'' (to tow) change their stem into "numerī-" (numerīn, numerīs, numerī...)<br />
<br />
The personal pronoun endings are the same as the other types<br />
<br />
# -n<br />
# -s<br />
# only conjugation stem (the most intuitive way is to cut “-n” from the first person)<br />
# h+verb stem last vowel+n<br />
# h+verb stem last vowel+s<br />
# h+verb stem last vowel<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|<br />
|''To push''<br />
|''To try''<br />
|''To twist''<br />
|''To listen''<br />
|''To scrub''<br />
|''To convince''<br />
|''To paint''<br />
|-<br />
|Pers. Pr.<br />
|'''Jissu'''<br />
|'''Tsurahsu'''<br />
|'''Yokansu'''<br />
|'''Odensu'''<br />
|'''Tederiksu'''<br />
|'''Sonomulsu'''<br />
|'''Kichoarsu'''<br />
|-<br />
|''Nai''<br />
|jisshon<br />
|tsurappen<br />
|yokannen<br />
|odennin<br />
|tederikkon<br />
|sonomullan<br />
|kichoaryen<br />
|-<br />
|''Sai''<br />
|jisshos<br />
|tsurappes<br />
|yokannes<br />
|odennis<br />
|tederikkos<br />
|sonomullas<br />
|kichoaryes<br />
|-<br />
|''Han''<br />
|jissho<br />
|tsurappe<br />
|yokanne<br />
|odenni<br />
|tederikko<br />
|sonomulla<br />
|kichoarye<br />
|-<br />
|''Naiin''<br />
|jisshonne<br />
|tsurappenne<br />
|yokannenne<br />
|odenninne<br />
|tederikkonne<br />
|sonomullanne<br />
|kichoaryenne<br />
|-<br />
|''Saiin''<br />
|jisshosse<br />
|tsurappesse<br />
|yokannesse<br />
|odennisse<br />
|tederikkoisse<br />
|sonomullasse<br />
|kichoaryesse<br />
|-<br />
|''Hannu''<br />
|Jisshohan<br />
|tsurappehan<br />
|yokannehan<br />
|odennihan<br />
|tederikkohan<br />
|sonomullahan<br />
|kichoaryehan<br />
|}<br />
''Example sentences''<br />
<br />
She listens to the new track. ''Han suyon kyukuu odenni.'' (她 新ᐢ 曲⸠ 聴ⲅ𖭑ᛁ.)<br />
<br />
We paint the back of the house. ''Naiin futagas odae kichoaryenne.'' (我⸠ᐢ 家ᒢ 後 塗ꓶ𖬬ⲅ𖭑ɭ.)<br />
<br />
I change my child's diaper. ''Nai mitogosne hucharii puhannen.'' (我 子ᒢ𖭑ɭ 𖬨𐐢𖬐𖬬ᛁ⸠ 変ⲅ𖭑ɭᐢ.)<br />
<br />
=== Negative stem ===<br />
By changing part of the verb suffix, you can create the negative form of the verb.<br />
<br />
Yosu (to be) verb: yonasu (add “na” (無, but usually written as 𖭑) between the stem and the ending). This suffix tends to be in the closest position to the verb stem (weak stem if applicable), before other aspect suffixes. However in certain context, to emphatise a particular nuance in the speech, the order can be changed. <br />
<br />
Examples: <br />
<br />
I sleep: Nai luman; I don't sleep: Nai lumanan - I can sleep: Nai lumadan; I can't sleep: Nai luma'''na'''dan or Nai lumada'''na'''n (the previous form is preferred)<br />
<br />
==== Group 1: ====<br />
Tashidosu > tashitonasu (tashitonan, tashitonas, tashitona…)<br />
<br />
Rihtasu > Rihtanasu (rihtanan, rihtanas, rihtana...)<br />
<br />
Rigusu > Rikunasu (rikunan, rikunas, rikuna…)<br />
<br />
==== Group 2 ====<br />
Eisu > Einasu (einan, einas, eina…)<br />
<br />
Seosu > Seonasu (seonan, seonas, seona…)<br />
<br />
Muiyasu > Muiyanasu (muiyanan, muiyanas, muiyana....)<br />
<br />
Rule: for both groups 1 and 2 verbs, to create the negative stem, just add “na” before the -su ending, and conjugate the new verb as a group 1 verb.<br />
<br />
==== Group 3 ====<br />
Jissu > Jisanasu (jisanan, jisanas, jisana…)<br />
<br />
Tehossu > Tehosanasu (tehosanan, tehosanas, tehosana)<br />
<br />
Tsurahsu> Tsurahnasu (tsurahnan, tsurahnas, tsurahna...)<br />
<br />
Muppuhsu> Muppuhnasu (muppuhnan, muppuhnas, muppuhna…)<br />
<br />
Yokansu > Yokannasu (yokannan, yokannas, yokanna...)<br />
<br />
Chozinsu > Chozinnasu (choziwanan, choziwanas, choziwana…)<br />
<br />
Tederiksu > Tederīnasu (tederīnan, tederīnas, tederīna…)<br />
<br />
Bakkomaksu > Bakkomānasu (bakkomānan, bakkomānas, bakkomāna…)<br />
<br />
Sonomulsu > Sonomūnasu (sonomūnan, sonomūnas, sonomūna…)<br />
<br />
Nyukilsu > Nyukīnasu (nyukīnan, nyukīnas, nyukīna…)<br />
<br />
Kichoarsu > Kichoānasu (kichoānan, kichoānas, kichoāna...)<br />
<br />
Otarsu > Otānasu (otānan, otānas, otāna…)<br />
<br />
<br />
See here the rule in detail:<br />
<br />
- ssu verbs: insert “ana” between the -s ending stem and the -su suffix. In this case, the negative infix is always “ana”, regardless of the last stem vowel<br />
<br />
- hsu verbs: just add “na” between h and -su suffix.<br />
<br />
- nsu verbs: just add “na” between n and -su suffix<br />
<br />
-ksu/lsu/rsu verbs: remove k/l/r, prolong the previous vowel and add “na” before the -su suffix<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
| colspan="2" |'''Verb group'''<br />
|'''Negative particle'''<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="2" |''Group 1''<br />
|na (𖭑)<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="2" |''Group 2''<br />
|na (𖭑)<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="4" |''Group 3''<br />
|<nowiki>-ssu verbs</nowiki><br />
|ana (𖬮𖭑)<br />
|-<br />
|<nowiki>- hsu verbs</nowiki><br />
|na (𖭑)<br />
|-<br />
|<nowiki>- nsu verbs</nowiki><br />
|na (𖭑)<br />
|-<br />
|<nowiki>- ksu/lsu/rsu verbs</nowiki><br />
|long vowel + na (⸠𖭑)<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Conjunctions ==<br />
Being Izaki an agglutinative language, most of the conjunctions tend to be enclitic particles or suffixes directly attached after nouns and verbs.<br />
<br />
=== Coordinating conjunctions ===<br />
Coordinating conjunctions connect words which are the same grammatical type, e.g. words, phrases, clauses. The most common ones are and, or, but.<br />
* ''Ta (𖬁)'' - and<br />
<br />
I like rice and fish. ''Nakai konu ta miwee shintaha.'' (𖭑𖬭꜉ 米 𖬁 魚 好𖬨.)<br />
<br />
* ''Konae (或𖭑'ɭ)'' - or<br />
<br />
Do you want tea or coffee? (tea or coffee, which one do you desire?) ''Cha konae kofi, sone pinnaraska?'' (茶 或𖭑'ɭ 珈琲, 𖬖ᐤ𖭑ɭ 望𖬬ᒢ𖬭?)<br />
<br />
* ''Estin (𖬮ɭᒢ𖬁ᛁᐢ)'' - when<br />
<br />
When is your birthday? ''Oryukatose estin (yo)ka? ()''<br />
<br />
* ''Baki'' (𖬇𖬰𖬭ᛁ) - but<br />
<br />
I can speak Izaki but I can not speak Angerish. ''Izakigō rihtamin baki angerigō rihtaminan''. (華那語𐐞 話可𐐊 但 𐐀𐐊ꓙ𐐠𐐁𐐂𐐓語𐐞 話可無𐐊.)<br />
<br />
* ''Tokkai'' (𖬁ᐤ𖬘𖬳'ᛁ) - although<br />
<br />
Although she had arrived late, there was nobody. ''Han naronke kati tokkai, nagahen yonai. (𖬨ᐢ 晩ᐢ𖬭ɭ 着𖬁ᛁ 𖬁ᐤ𖬘𖬳'ᛁ, 誰𖬨ɭᐢ ꓩ𖬮𖭑꜉.)''<br />
<br />
=== Subordinating conjunctions ===<br />
A subordinating conjunction is a word or phrase that links a dependent clause to an independent clause.<br />
* ''Waste (𐩬𖬮ᒢ𖬁ɭ)'' - because <br />
<br />
Because there are too many people here, let's go to another place. ''Tochi tamatoha tasugureha waste, uren tolor iketān.'' (此𖬐ᛁ 人𖬨 多過𖬬ɭ𖬨 故ᒢ𖬁ɭ, 別ᐢ 所ᣗ 行𖬭ɭ𖬁⸠ᐢ.)<br />
<br />
* ''Nade (𖭑𖬒𖬰ɭ)'' - whenever<br />
<br />
Whenever I am in Warohan I always get a fresh pineapple juice. ''Nai Warohannnan yon nade, estinden karusugushirū moansen<sup>1</sup>''. (𖭑꜉ 深灣𖭑ᐢ ꓩ𖬮ᐢ 𖭑𖬒𖬰ɭ, 𖬮ɭᒢ𖬁ᛁᐢ𖬒𖬰ɭᐢ 松檎汁⸠ 買ᐢ𖬖ɭᐢ.)<br />
<br />
<sup>1</sup> sen: emphatic particle added after verbs with nuance of exclamation<br />
<br />
== Demonstratives ==<br />
In Izaki language there are three main relationships, marked by a theme (singular / plural): <br />
<br />
# Close to the speaker: “to” (𖬁ᐤ) / “toi” (𖬁ᐤᛁ)<br />
# Close to the listener: “so” (𖬖ᐤ) / “soi” (𖬖ᐤᛁ)<br />
# Far from both the speaker and the listener: “cho” (𖬐ᐤ) / “choi” (𖬐ᐤᛁ)<br />
<br />
<br />
The pronominal form (so, when a noun follows) , the demonstrative marker is followed by the suffix -na:<br />
{|<br />
|This is a cat.<br />
''Tona shinna yo.''<br />
<br />
𖬁ᐤ𖭑 猫 ꓩ𖬮.<br />
|Sona teshiki<br />
''That’s difficult.''<br />
<br />
𖬖ᐤ𖭑 難𖬭ᛁ.<br />
|That (one) is my friend. <br />
''Chona teikaoni yo.''<br />
<br />
𖬐ᐤ𖭑 友𖭑ᛁ ꓩ𖬮.<br />
|-<br />
|These are cats<br />
''Toina shinnān yohan.''<br />
<br />
𖬁ᐤᛁ𖭑 猫⸠ᐢ ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ.<br />
|Those are difficult<br />
''Soina teshikihan.''<br />
<br />
𖬖ᐤᛁ𖭑 難𖬭ᛁ𖬨ᐢ.<br />
|Those (ones) are my friends.<br />
''Choina teikaōnni yohan.''<br />
<br />
𖬐ᐤᛁ𖭑 友⸠ⲅ𖭑ᛁ ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
The adjectival form instead is attached at the ending of the word:<br />
{|<br />
|This cat is white.<br />
''Shinnato chara.''<br />
<br />
猫𖬁ᐤ 白.<br />
|That pencil is mine.<br />
''Enpisso naiyo yora.''<br />
<br />
鉛筆𖬖ᐤ 𖭑꜉ꓩ𖬮 ꓩ𖬮𖬬.<br />
|That friend lives in Riyatoma.<br />
''Teikaocho Riyatoman paera.''<br />
<br />
友𖬐ᐤ <bdi>追庥</bdi>ᐢ 住𖬬.<br />
|-<br />
|These cats are white.<br />
''Shinnaāntoi charahan.''<br />
<br />
猫⸠ᐢ𖬁ᐤᛁ 白𖬨ᐢ.<br />
|Those pencils are mine.<br />
''Enpisshisoi naiyo yorahan.''<br />
<br />
鉛筆𖬖ᐤᛁ 𖭑꜉ꓩ𖬮 ꓩ𖬮𖬬𖬨ᐢ.<br />
|Those friends live in Riyatoma.<br />
''Teikaōnchoi Riyatoman paerahan.''<br />
<br />
友⸠ᐢ𖬐ᐤᛁ <bdi>追庥</bdi>ᐢ 住𖬬𖬨ᐢ.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Numerals ==<br />
===Cardinal numbers===<br />
Izaki language has two different numeral system: the native one, and the Bai-derived one.<br />
;Legend<br />
* Sūzhi (數字) - number<br />
* Kundoku (訓讀) - "kun" reading (indigenous reading prior to the Bai contamination, still used in many contexts)<br />
* Ēndoku (音讀) - "ēn" (Bai) reading (introduced in the 3rd century with the Bai characters, and main way of counting)<br />
* Daipo - shortened form (used when making compounds and with element counters that require the kun reading)<br />
* Byakuzhi (百字) - Ideogram (some numbers have more than one form)<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Sūzhi<br />
!Kundoku<br />
!Ēndoku<br />
!Daipo<br />
!Byakuzhi<br />
|-<br />
|0<br />
|dzèro / janna<br />
|ryen<br />
|<nowiki>-</nowiki><br />
|零<br />
|-<br />
|1<br />
|hatta<br />
|is<br />
|han-<br />
|壱/一<br />
|-<br />
|2<br />
|kana<br />
|ni<br />
|kan-<br />
|弐/二<br />
|-<br />
|3<br />
|shobe<br />
|san<br />
|sho-<br />
|参/三<br />
|-<br />
|4<br />
|tās<br />
|tsi<br />
|tās-<br />
|四<br />
|-<br />
|5<br />
|oriba<br />
|yo<br />
|ori-<br />
|五<br />
|-<br />
|6<br />
|tsonaha<br />
|nuku<br />
|tson-<br />
|六<br />
|-<br />
|7<br />
|doigi<br />
|chis<br />
|doi-<br />
|七<br />
|-<br />
|8<br />
|yeison<br />
|pas<br />
|yei-<br />
|八<br />
|-<br />
|9<br />
|taguken<br />
|ku<br />
|tak-/-taken<br />
|九<br />
|-<br />
|10<br />
|kiba<br />
|shū<br />
|kin-<br />
|拾/十<br />
|-<br />
|11<br />
|kinnan<br />
|shūis<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|12<br />
|kinkan<br />
|shūni<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|13<br />
|kinsho<br />
|shūsan<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|14<br />
|kintās<br />
|shūtsi<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|15<br />
|kinnori<br />
|shūyo<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|16<br />
|kintson<br />
|shūnuku<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|17<br />
|kindoi<br />
|shūchis<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|18<br />
|kinnyei<br />
|shūpas<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|19<br />
|kintaken<br />
|shūku<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|20<br />
|kankiba<br />
|nishū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|30<br />
|shokiba<br />
|sanshū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|40<br />
|tāskiba<br />
|tsishū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|50<br />
|orikiba<br />
|yoshū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|60<br />
|tsonkiba<br />
|nukushū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|70<br />
|doikiba<br />
|chisshū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|80<br />
|yeikiba<br />
|passhū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|90<br />
|takkiba<br />
|kushū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|100<br />
|rae<br />
|pyaku<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|532<br />
|ollaeshokibakan<br />
|yopyakusanshūni<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|1000<br />
|kitua<br />
|sen<br />
|kitu<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|8726<br />
|yeikitudoiraekankibatson<br />
|passenchispyaku-nishūnuku<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|10000<br />
| -<br />
|man<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|524.998<br />
| -<br />
|yoshūniman-passenkupyaku-kushūpas<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Ordinal numbers===<br />
There are two ways of making ordinal numbers:<br />
# Prefix 第~ (zhei)<br />
# Suffix ~番 (ban, or pan if the previous number ends by consonant)<br />
<br />
'Examples':<br />
* 第三回 Zheisanhwi (the third time)<br />
* 17番 Shūchispan (17th)<br />
<br />
=== Object counters ===<br />
<br />
To count specific object or people, special classificators have to be used together with a numbering system. Some of them prefer native Izaki numbers (shortened form) while some others prefer the Bai numerals. There is no rule, so it comes easier to rember each of them. <br />
<br />
;Main counters working with native numerals<br />
<br />
*Animals: nau 獣/𖭑'𐐢<br />
*Inanimate objects: gi 𖬭𖬰ᛁ<br />
*Plants: tare 植/𖬁𖬬ɭ<br />
*People: ri 人<br />
*Machines: ki 機<br />
*Books: tsul 冊/𖬑𐐢ᐡ<br />
*Drinks and cups: chae 杯<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Number<br />
!Animals<br />
!In. Obj.<br />
!People<br />
!Machine<br />
!Books<br />
!Drinks<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|1<br />
|hannau<br />
|hangi<br />
|hanli<br />
|hanki<br />
|hantsul<br />
|hanchae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|2<br />
|kannau<br />
|kangi<br />
|kanli<br />
|kanki<br />
|kantsul<br />
|kanchae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|3<br />
|shonau<br />
|shogi<br />
|shori<br />
|shoki<br />
|shotsuk<br />
|shochae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|4<br />
|tāsnau<br />
|tāski<br />
|tāsli<br />
|tāski<br />
|tāhsul<br />
|tāschae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|5<br />
|orinau<br />
|origi<br />
|oriri<br />
|oriki<br />
|oritsul<br />
|orichae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|6<br />
|tsonnau<br />
|tsonaki<br />
|tsonari<br />
|tsonaki<br />
|tsonatsul<br />
|tsonachae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|7<br />
|doinau<br />
|doiki<br />
|doiri<br />
|doiki<br />
|doitsul<br />
|doichae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|8<br />
|yeinau<br />
|yeiki<br />
|yeiri<br />
|yeiki<br />
|yeitsul<br />
|yeichae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|9<br />
|tannau<br />
|takki<br />
|tanli<br />
|takki<br />
|tahtsul<br />
|tacchae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|10<br />
|kinnau<br />
|kinki<br />
|kinli<br />
|kinki<br />
|kintsul<br />
|kinchae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|11<br />
|shūinnau<br />
|shūiski<br />
|shūisli<br />
|shūiski<br />
|shūihsul<br />
|shūischae<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
;Main counters working with Bai numerals<br />
<br />
* Times: hwi 回<br />
* Floors (in a building): sūn 層<br />
* Degrees: do 度<br />
* Number of days: nis 日<br />
* Flat objects: chān 張<br />
* Cylindrical objects, trains, movies: pon 本 <br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|Number<br />
|Times<br />
|Floors<br />
|Degrees<br />
|Days<br />
|Flat objects<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|1<br />
|isshwi<br />
|issūn<br />
|isto<br />
|isnis<br />
|ischān <br />
|ispon<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|2<br />
|nihwi<br />
|nisūn<br />
|nido<br />
|ninis<br />
|nichān <br />
|nipon<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|3<br />
|sanhwi<br />
|sansūn<br />
|sando<br />
|sannis<br />
|sanchān <br />
|sanbon<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|4<br />
|tsihwi<br />
|tsisūn<br />
|tsido<br />
|tsinis<br />
|tsichān <br />
|tsipon<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|5<br />
|yohwi<br />
|yosūn<br />
|yodo<br />
|yonis<br />
|yochān <br />
|yopon<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|6<br />
|nukkwi<br />
|nukusūn<br />
|nukudo<br />
|nukunis<br />
|nukuchān <br />
|nukupon<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|7<br />
|chisshwi<br />
|chissūn<br />
|chisto<br />
|chisnis<br />
|chischān <br />
|chispon<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|8<br />
|passhwi<br />
|passūn<br />
|pasto<br />
|pasnis<br />
|paschān <br />
|paspon<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|9<br />
|kuhwi<br />
|kusūn<br />
|kudo<br />
|kunis<br />
|kuchān <br />
|kupon<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|10<br />
|shūhwi<br />
|shūsūn<br />
|shūdo<br />
|shūnis<br />
|shūchān <br />
|shūpon<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|11<br />
|shūisshwi<br />
|shūissūn<br />
|shūisto<br />
|shūisnis<br />
|shūischān <br />
|shūispon<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Dates ===<br />
Typically the order for dates is YYYY-MM-DD. Dates are formulated with the number followed by 年(nyen), 月 (wes), 日 (nis). The numeral takes the Bai reading.<br />
<br />
* 1958年3月21日 : Senkupyakuyoshūpasnyen Sannwes Nishūisnis <br />
* 2023年6月10日: Nisennishūsannen Nukuwes Shūnis<br />
<br />
==== Days of the month====<br />
Days of the month also have an Izaki native form with the pure numerals (with some irregularities) tsofollowed by (日 / ka) until day 10 (after which, the Bay version takes over. When dates are complete (YYYY-MM-DD) the Bai reading is used, while the Izaki reading prevails when we need to mention just the day of the month in the middle of a conversation.<br />
<br />
* 1日 hanaka<br />
* 2日 kanaka<br />
* 3日 shobeka<br />
* 4日 tāska<br />
* 5日 oryeka<br />
* 6日 tsonahka<br />
* 7日 doikka / doigika<br />
* 8日 yeisonka<br />
* 9日 takugenka / tōkenka<br />
* 10日 kibaka<br />
<br />
==== Weekdays====<br />
* Monday: 月曜日 wesshonis<br />
* Tuesday: 火曜日 hayonis<br />
* Wednesday: 週中日 chujunis<br />
* Thursday: 木曜日 mukuyonis<br />
* Friday: 金曜日 kinnyonis<br />
* Saturday: 土曜日 toyonis<br />
* Sunday: 日曜日 nisshonis<br />
<br />
==== Months====<br />
In Izaki there are two versions to call the months: the Bai-imported one (the most used one), and the native Izaki one.<br />
<br />
;Bai Months<br />
* January: 一月 isswes<br />
* February: 二月 niwes<br />
* March: 三月 sannwes<br />
* April: 四月 tsiwes<br />
* May: 五月 yowes<br />
* June: 六月 nukuwes<br />
* July: 七月 chisswes<br />
* August: 八月 passwes<br />
* September: 九月 kuwes<br />
* October: 十月 shūwes<br />
* November: 十一月 shūisswes<br />
* December: 十二月 shūniwes<br />
<br />
==Adjectives==<br />
<br />
Adjectives in the Izaki language are essential for describing and modifying nouns. They can be categorized into two main groups: Verbal adjectives and substantive adjectives, each with its unique usage and conjugation rules.<br />
<br />
===Verbal Adjectives===<br />
Verbal adjectives in Izaki incorporate the copula within themselves, making them self-sufficient in sentences. These adjectives have their conjugation system and typically end with the suffix "na," which is always written in askaoza script. Here are some examples:<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+ Some adjectives and their opposites<br />
! Izaki!! Ingerish !! Izaki !! Ingerish <br />
|-<br />
| tepana || good || zushina || bad<br />
|-<br />
| rihana || tall || sosana || short<br />
|-<br />
| nuskana || wide || hyakona || narrow<br />
|-<br />
| kakuina || small || ōdana || large<br />
|-<br />
| pakkuna || red || || <br />
|-<br />
| satsona || blue || || <br />
|-<br />
| asatsana || difficult || issana || easy<br />
|-<br />
| nahana || beautiful || egutana || ugly<br />
|}<br />
<br />
When used in the predicative form, such as in sentences like "The house is big," these adjectives are placed at the end of the sentence, replacing the verb. The "na" suffix is removed, and additional suffixes, if required, can be added. For example:<br />
<br />
* ''The house is big (informal speech):'' Futaka ōda.<br />
* ''The house is big (formal speech):'' Futaka ōdara.<br />
<br />
Here, it's essential to conjugate the adjective according to the number and relationship of the subject:<br />
<br />
* ''I am tall:'' Nai rihan. (𖭑ᐟ𖭐 高ᐢ)<br />
* ''You are fast:'' Sai jakus. (𖬖ᐟ𖭐 速ᒢ)<br />
* ''Are we good?'' Naiha tepanneka? (𖭑ᐟ𖭐 良フ𖭑ɭ𖬭)<br />
* ''Those are cheap:'' Hannu waruhan. (𖬨フ𖭑𐐢 廉𖬨ᐢ)<br />
* ''The houses are big:'' Futakān ōdarahan. (舎։ᐢ 大𖬬𖬨ᐢ)<br />
<br />
However, ofter in informal spoken Izaki, it is possible to conjugate the adjective into the third singular person (which means, just dropping "na") even with plural nouns. <br />
<br />
Eg: The mountains are beautiful: ''Samōn naha'' (山։ᐢ 美)<br />
<br />
=== Substantival adjectives ===<br />
Substantival adjectives, on the other hand, require a verb to follow them when used in sentences. They don't incorporate the copula within themselves like verbal adjectives do.<br />
Usually, these adjectives are based on Bai compound words (so, to be read with "on" reading). Here are some examples:<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! Izaki !! Reading !! English<br />
|-<br />
| 簡単𖭑<br />
| kantanna<br />
| easy<br />
|-<br />
| 複雑𖭑<br />
| pukuzhasna<br />
| complicated<br />
|-<br />
| 便利𖭑<br />
| bīnlina<br />
| convenient<br />
|-<br />
| 不便𖭑 <br />
| fubīnna<br />
| inconvenient<br />
|-<br />
| 有名𖭑<br />
| yumeina || famous<br />
|-<br />
| 親切𖭑<br />
| shinsesna || kind<br />
|-<br />
| 不親切𖭑<br />
| fushinsesna || unkind<br />
|-<br />
| 人気𖭑<br />
| zhinkina || popular<br />
|-<br />
| 可能𖭑 <br />
| kanōnna<br />
| possible<br />
|-<br />
| 無理𖭑<br />
| murina<br />
| impossible<br />
|-<br />
| 大事𖭑<br />
| daishina<br />
| important<br />
|-<br />
| 些細𖭑 <br />
| sasaena<br />
| unimportant<br />
|-<br />
| 十分𖭑 <br />
| shūpunna<br />
| sufficient<br />
|-<br />
| 不足𖭑 <br />
| fusokuna<br />
| insufficient<br />
|}<br />
<br />
When in predicative tense, these adjectives need the verb "yosu" (to be) at their end.<br />
<br />
Eg. Your excuses are not sufficient. ''Ihisoīnse fusoku yorahan'' (事訳։ᐢ𖬖ɭ 不足 ꓩ𖬮𖬬𖬨ᐢ)<br />
<br />
==== Attributive Form ====<br />
When an adjective functions as a specifier for a noun, rather than as the predicate, it takes on an attributive form. In the present tense, this is done by adding a "-n" after the adjective stem. In the case of a plural noun, the suffix will be "-han." For example:<br />
<br />
* ''A fast train:'' Jakun dyensha.<br />
* ''A tall person:'' Rihan tamato.<br />
* ''A beautiful scenery:'' Nahan pūnkei.<br />
* ''A pretty expensive car:'' Sorei shumun zhidōnsha.<br />
* ''Good boys:'' Tepahan sertōn.<br />
<br />
Mastering adjectives in Izaki is crucial for effective communication and expression in this unique and beautiful language. Understanding the differences between verbal and substantival adjectives, as well as how adverbs can modify their meanings, is essential for fluency. Additionally, the attributive form allows for rich and descriptive expressions when specifying nouns.<br />
<br />
===Comparative and Superlative forms===<br />
Adjectives in comparative and superlative forms are used to compare and contrast the qualities or characteristics of nouns. <br />
<br />
The comparative form of an adjective is used to compare two or more nouns, indicating which one has a higher or lower degree of the quality described by the adjective.<br />
Examples:<br />
* She is taller than him. ''Hanno hanenti rihaebe'' (𖬨ᐢ女 𖬨𖭑ɭᐢ𖬣𖭐 高𖬒ɭ𖬡𖬰ɭ)<br />
* This book is more interesting than that one. ''Kinotso tsultsounti huunminakoube'' (冊𖬑ᐤ 冊𖬑ᐤ𖬒𐐢ᐢ𖬣𖭐 興味喚𐐢𖬡𖬰ɭ)<br />
<br />
The superlative form of an adjective is used to indicate the highest or lowest degree of the quality described by the adjective within a group or among all possibilities.<br />
Examples:<br />
* Mount Torahashi is the tallest mountain in Izaland. ''Torahashisan Izakin rihajin samo yora.'' (斗砢跖山 華邦ᐢ 高𖬥𖬰𖭐ᐢ 山 ꓩ𖬮𖬬.)<br />
* She is the most talented musician in the group. ''Hanno runomen yusainoonnajin onlakka yora'' (𖬨ᐢ女 団ᐢ 有才能𖭑𖬥𖬰𖭐ᐢ 音楽家 ꓩ𖬮𖬬)<br />
<br />
==Adverbs==<br />
<br />
In Izaki, adverbs play a significant role in modifying the meaning of adjectives and verbs. Here are some common adverbs in Izaki:<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+ Adverbial Modifiers in Izaki Language<br />
! Adverbial Modifier !! Izaki Term !! Example Sentences<br />
|-<br />
| Not particularly, not too much || nehkeu (𖭑ɭᐪ𖬭ɭ𐐢)<sup>1</sup> || This camera is not so good: ''Kamerata nehkeu tepana.''<br>His dog is not too heavy: ''Tentohe nehkeu dayana''.<br />
|-<br />
| Quite, pretty much || sorei (𖬖ᐤ𖬬ᥫ) || Sainđaul is quite expensive: ''Sainđaul sorei shumu''.<br>She is pretty tall: ''Hara shinchān sorei riha''.<br />
|-<br />
| A little, slightly || yaki (𝖩𖬮𖬭𖭐) || This PC is a bit slow: ''Dyennautso yaki naro''.<br />
|-<br />
| Really, absolutely || kelleri (𖬭ɭフ𖬈ɭ𖬬𖭐) || You are really beautiful: ''Sai kelleri nahas''.<br>We are really sorry: ''Nahu kelleri achaikanne''.<br />
|-<br />
| Extremely, notably || pisānnan (非常𖭑ᐢ) || This is an extremely difficult problem: ''Tsona pisānnan teshikin munðai yora''.<br />
|}<br />
* <sup>1</sup>: often used with negative form</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=User:Izaland_Terramorphing_Committee/Sandbox/Izaki_Language&diff=19850User:Izaland Terramorphing Committee/Sandbox/Izaki Language2023-10-15T11:41:55Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: /* Adjectives */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox lang<br />
| name = Izaki<br />
| native_name = 華邦語<br />
| pronunciation = izakigo<br />
| official = [[Izaland]]<br />
| other-regions = South-Eastern Uletha<br />
| speakers = 132 million<br />
| agency = Kanglapolish National Institute of the Katayan Language<br />
| sign = <br />
| dialects = Warohan, Juhuku<br />
| family = isolate<br />
| writing_system = byakuji (百字) and askaoza (𖬮ᒢ𖬭'ᐤ𖬖𖬰)<br />
| script = byakuji (百字) and askaoza (𖬮ᒢ𖬭'ᐤ𖬖𖬰)<br />
| tonal = No<br />
| alignment =<br />
| word-order = SOV<br />
| modifiers = <br />
| noun-cases = yes<br />
| noun-gender = no<br />
| noun-number = yes<br />
| verb-aspect = yes<br />
| verb-mood = yes<br />
| verb-number = yes<br />
| verb-person = yes<br />
| verb-tense = yes<br />
| verb-voice = yes<br />
| adj-cases = no<br />
| adj-gender = no<br />
| adj-number = yes<br />
}}<br />
A brief manual of Izaki language, the conlang under development for Izaland. <br />
<br />
Basically it is a language isolate, however many elements are inspired by Japanese, Korean and Finnish Languages.<br />
<br />
= Phonology - 音声学 =<br />
<br />
== Sounds ==<br />
Izaki language has an average number of consonant sounds, and a limited number of vocalic sounds, making it a pretty easy to pronounce language. <br />
<br />
=== Vowels ===<br />
Izaki has 5 vowels and 2 semivowels. The 5 vowels can have a short or a long sound:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|<br />
|Back<br />
|Front<br />
|-<br />
|Close<br />
|/i/<br />
|/u/<br />
|-<br />
|Mid<br />
|/e/<br />
|/o/<br />
|-<br />
|Open<br />
|<br />
|/a/<br />
|}<br />
The semivowels are /w/ and /j/, and always occur before a vowel. The only exception is the /wjV/ composition, where V is a vowel (mostly /a/), like in the compound /wja/ (業).<br />
<br />
=== Consonants ===<br />
Izaki has 22 consonants, as per the following phonetic chart.<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''↓ Manner/Place →'''<br />
|'''Bilabial'''<br />
|'''Labiodental'''<br />
|'''Alveolar'''<br />
|'''Palato-alveolar'''<br />
|'''Palatal'''<br />
|'''Velar'''<br />
|'''Glottal'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Nasal'''<br />
|m<br />
|<br />
|n<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|'''Stop'''<br />
|p b<br />
|<br />
|t d<br />
|<br />
|c<br />
|k ɡ<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|'''Affricate'''<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|ʦ ʣ<br />
|ʧ ʤ<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|'''Fricative'''<br />
|<br />
|f<br />
|s z<br />
|ʃ ʒ<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|h<br />
|-<br />
|'''Approximant'''<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|j<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|'''Trill'''<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|ɾ<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|'''Lateral approximant'''<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|l<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Syllabes ==<br />
The Izaki phonology is strictly syllable based, and the structure we are going to explain followingly is so strict that also foreign loan words must be adapted to it. <br />
<br />
To better explain the syllable composition, we will divide the different sounds into three categories:<br />
<br />
'''V''': the 5 vowels, short or long (''a, e, i, o, u, ā, ē, ī, ō, ū'')<br />
<br />
'''C''': the 22 consonants (''p, b, k, g, t, d, ch, j, s, z, ts, ð, sh, zh, m, n, l, r, h, f, v'')<br />
<br />
'''F''': the syllable-final consonants (''n, l, s, r, h*, kk**'') - only these consonants can appear after a vowel in a syllable, or at the end of a word. However, no words end by -h.<br />
<br />
<br />
<nowiki>*</nowiki>h: it can be found in the final position of a syllable structure, and appears between a vowel and another consonant. The following consonant will be not voiced<br />
<br />
Example words: ''dahkei'' (cliff), ''zhohtan'' (side), ''nihki'' (coast), ''rihmi'' (county), ''nehkeu'' (too much)<br />
<br />
<nowiki>**</nowiki>kk: the geminated /k/ is a feature of the south-west dialect, and in current Izaki language only appears in the name of the city of ''Kikknās'' (Itakiri Prefecture).<br />
<br />
A basic syllable can be one of the following kinds:<br />
<br />
* '''V''' any vowel, short or long<br />
* '''CV''' any consonant*, any vowel<br />
* '''CVF'''<br />
<br />
Only non sonorant consonants (''k, t, p, s, ts, sh, ch'') and n, l, r can be strong (doubled). <br />
<br />
Example words: ''kaida'' (sword), ''miwa'' (water), ''rekki'' (pen), ''noppo'' (spoon), ''keilo'' (route), ''shihkama'' (whale), ''kamitsas'' (everywhere), ''estinden'' (always), ''jīssu'' (to press), ''yokoku'' (notice), ''jāshiki'' (common sense), ''gūnyū'' (milk), ''hākei'' (total), ''keskwa'' (result), ''wingyōn'' (bank), ''inshēs'' (printing)...<br />
<br />
== Writing System ==<br />
Izaki language writing system is one of the most articulated writing systems, making use of the '''Bai characters''' and an original composed alphabet called '''askaoza''' (邦記, or 𖬒ᒢ𖬭ᣟᐤ𖬖𖬰).<br />
<br />
The Bai characters and the ''askaoza'' are not alternative writing systems, but each of them has a definite role. Basically, Bai characters are used to show the semantical meaning of nouns, verb roots, adjectives etc., while askaoza complements them, allowing variable parts of the speech to be declined or conjugated accordingly. This works basically as in Japanese with ''kanji'' and ''kana''.<br />
<br />
In the first section of our language manual we are going to learn the basics of the ''askaoza''.<br />
<br />
Main features of the ''askaoza'' writing system:<br />
<br />
# One letter corresponds to one sound<br />
# All the letter are by default adjoined with the sound “/a/”. No words in Izaki can start with a double consonant, while certain consonants can follow another one, but their representation is different (see later)<br />
# The other vocalic sounds except for “a” are rendered with a diacritic symbol, on the left or on the right of the consonant. <br />
# Single vowels are shown by a “placeholder” symbol, with the value of /a/ if no other vowel diacritic is present. <br />
# The main letters are unvoiced sounds. The corresponding voiced sounds are marked by a dot on the top. <br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Roman alp.'''<br />
|'''Character'''<br />
|'''IPA'''<br />
|'''Roman alp.'''<br />
|'''Character'''<br />
|'''IPA'''<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="3" |清音 (seion) - unvoiced<br />
| colspan="3" |濁音 (takuon) - voiced<br />
|-<br />
|'''K'''<br />
|𖬭<br />
|/k/<br />
|'''G'''<br />
|𖬭𖬰<br />
|/g/<br />
|-<br />
|'''P'''<br />
|𖬡<br />
|/p/<br />
|'''B'''<br />
|𖬡𖬰<br />
|/b/<br />
|-<br />
|'''S'''<br />
|𖬖<br />
|/s/<br />
|'''Z'''<br />
|𖬖𖬰<br />
|/z/<br />
|-<br />
|'''T'''<br />
|𖬮<br />
|/t/<br />
|'''D'''<br />
|𖬮𖬰<br />
|/d/<br />
|-<br />
|'''F'''<br />
|𖬌<br />
|/f/<br />
|'''V'''<br />
|𖬌𖬰<br />
|/v/<br />
|-<br />
|'''CH'''<br />
|𖬥<br />
|/ʧ/<br />
|'''J'''<br />
|𖬥𖬰<br />
|/ʤ/<br />
|-<br />
|'''SH'''<br />
|𖬔<br />
|/ʃ/<br />
|'''ZH'''<br />
|𖬔𖬰<br />
|/ʒ/<br />
|-<br />
|'''TS'''<br />
|𖬪<br />
|/ʦ/<br />
|'''Đ'''<br />
|𖬪𖬰<br />
|/ʣ/<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="3" rowspan="5" |<br />
|'''H'''<br />
|𖬨<br />
|/h/<br />
|-<br />
|'''N'''<br />
|𖭑<br />
|/n/<br />
|-<br />
|'''M'''<br />
|𖬊<br />
|/m/<br />
|-<br />
|'''L'''<br />
|𖬠<br />
|/l/<br />
|-<br />
|'''R'''<br />
|𖬬<br />
|/r/<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Vowels and consonant joints ===<br />
Let’s take the first letter in Izaki alphabetical order, the “ka”: 𖬭 As it is now, we would read it /ka/, and not “k”, since in Izaki consonants are not stand-alone, and the default value is /ka/.<br />
<br />
What if we want to give it the sound /ke/? In this case we need to add on the right (as this is the rule of the “E”) the necessary diacritic, called, in Izaki, ''tenkun'': 𖬭ɭ<br />
<br />
Thus we know that “𖬭ɭ” will be read as /ke/; “𖬭𖬭ɭ” will be /kake”/ and “𖬭ɭ𖬭” shall be /keka/<br />
<br />
In the same way, we can write either ki, ko, and ku:<br />
<br />
𖬭ᛁ the “i” sound is made by adding a vertical bar<br />
<br />
𖬭ᐤ the “o” sound is made by adding a small circle on the top-right<br />
<br />
𖬭𐐢 the “u” sound is rendered by an umbrella handle shaped element<br />
<br />
Thus we can have these possible combinations:<br />
<br />
𖬭𖬭ᛁ (kaki), 𖬭ᐤ𖬭𐐢 (koku), 𖬭ᛁ𖬭𐐢 (kiku) etc…<br />
<br />
<br />
Let’s take a view to the main Izaki consonants with the 5 simple vowels:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|''Consonant''<br />
|'''A'''<br />
|'''E'''<br />
|'''I'''<br />
|'''O'''<br />
|'''U'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''-'''<br />
|𖬒 a<br />
|𖬒ɭ e<br />
|𖬒ᛁ i<br />
|𖬒ᐤ o<br />
|𖬒𐐢 u<br />
|-<br />
|'''K'''<br />
|𖬭 ka<br />
|𖬭ɭ ke<br />
|𖬭ᛁ ki<br />
|𖬭ᐤ ko<br />
|𖬭𐐢 ku<br />
|-<br />
|'''P'''<br />
|𖬡 pa<br />
|𖬡ɭ pe<br />
|𖬡ᛁ pi<br />
|𖬡ᐤ po<br />
|𖬡𐐢 pu<br />
|-<br />
|'''S'''<br />
|𖬖 sa<br />
|𖬖ɭ se<br />
|𖬖ᛁ shi<br />
|𖬖ᐤ so<br />
|𖬖𐐢 su<br />
|-<br />
|'''T'''<br />
|𖬮 ta<br />
|𖬮ɭ te<br />
|𖬮ᛁ ti<br />
|𖬮ᐤ to<br />
|𖬮𐐢 tu<br />
|-<br />
|'''F'''<br />
|𖬌 fa<br />
|𖬌ɭ fe<br />
|𖬌ᛁ fi<br />
|𖬌ᐤ fo<br />
|𖬌𐐢 fu<br />
|-<br />
|'''CH'''<br />
|𖬥 cha<br />
|𖬥ɭ che<br />
|𖬥ᛁ chi<br />
|𖬥ᐤ cho<br />
|𖬥𐐢 chu<br />
|-<br />
|'''SH'''<br />
|𖬔 sha<br />
|𖬔ɭ she<br />
|𖬔ᛁ shi<br />
|𖬔ᐤ sho<br />
|𖬔𐐢 shu<br />
|-<br />
|'''TS'''<br />
|𖬪 tsa<br />
|𖬪ɭ tse<br />
|𖬪ᛁ tsi<br />
|𖬪ᐤ tso<br />
|𖬪𐐢 tsu<br />
|-<br />
|'''H'''<br />
|𖬨 ha<br />
|𖬨ɭ he<br />
|𖬨ᛁ hi<br />
|𖬨ᐤ ho<br />
|𖬨𐐢 hu<br />
|-<br />
|'''N'''<br />
|𖭑 na<br />
|𖭑ɭ ne<br />
|𖭑ᛁ ni<br />
|𖭑ᐤ no<br />
|𖭑𐐢 nu<br />
|-<br />
|'''M'''<br />
|𖬊 ma<br />
|𖬊ɭ me<br />
|𖬊ᛁ mi<br />
|𖬊ᐤ mo<br />
|𖬊𐐢 mu<br />
|-<br />
|'''L'''<br />
|𖬠 la<br />
|𖬠ɭ le<br />
|𖬠ᛁ li<br />
|𖬠ᐤ lo<br />
|𖬠𐐢 lu<br />
|-<br />
|'''R'''<br />
|𖬬 ra<br />
|𖬬ɭ re<br />
|𖬬ᛁ ri<br />
|𖬬ᐤ ro<br />
|𖬬𐐢 ru<br />
|}<br />
Here are the derived consonants with the different vowel combinations:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|''Consonant''<br />
|'''A'''<br />
|'''E'''<br />
|'''I'''<br />
|'''O'''<br />
|'''U'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''-'''<br />
|𖬒 a<br />
|𖬒ɭ e<br />
|𖬒ᛁ i<br />
|𖬒ᐤ o<br />
|𖬒𐐢 u<br />
|-<br />
|'''G'''<br />
|𖬭𖬰 ga<br />
|𖬭𖬰ɭ ge<br />
|𖬭𖬰ᛁ gi<br />
|𖬭𖬰ᐤ go<br />
|𖬭𖬰𐐢 gu<br />
|-<br />
|'''B'''<br />
|𖬡𖬰 ba<br />
|𖬡𖬰ɭ be<br />
|𖬡𖬰ᛁ bi<br />
|𖬡𖬰ᐤ bo<br />
|𖬡𖬰𐐢 bu<br />
|-<br />
|'''Z'''<br />
|𖬖𖬰 za<br />
|𖬖𖬰ɭ ze<br />
|𖬖𖬰ᛁ zi<br />
|𖬖𖬰ᐤ zo<br />
|𖬖𖬰𐐢 zu<br />
|-<br />
|'''D'''<br />
|𖬮𖬰 da<br />
|𖬮𖬰ɭ de<br />
|𖬮𖬰ᛁ di<br />
|𖬮𖬰ᐤ do<br />
|𖬮𖬰𐐢 du<br />
|-<br />
|'''V'''<br />
|𖬌𖬰 va<br />
|𖬌𖬰ɭ ve<br />
|𖬌𖬰ᛁ vi<br />
|𖬌𖬰ᐤ vo<br />
|𖬌𖬰𐐢 vu<br />
|-<br />
|'''J'''<br />
|𖬥𖬰 ja<br />
|𖬥𖬰ɭ je<br />
|𖬥𖬰ᛁ ji<br />
|𖬥𖬰ᐤ jo<br />
|𖬥𖬰𐐢 ju<br />
|-<br />
|'''ZH'''<br />
|𖬔𖬰 zha<br />
|𖬔𖬰ɭ zhe<br />
|𖬔𖬰ᛁ zhi<br />
|𖬔𖬰ᐤ zho<br />
|𖬔𖬰𐐢 zhu<br />
|-<br />
|'''Ð'''<br />
|𖬪𖬰 ða<br />
|𖬪𖬰ɭ ðe<br />
|𖬪𖬰ᛁ ði<br />
|𖬪𖬰ᐤ ðo<br />
|𖬪𖬰𐐢 ðu<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Diphthongs ===<br />
Besides the main 5 vowels, Izaki language also has s certain number of diphthongs, or gliding vowels, a combination of two adjacent vowel sounds within the same syllable. <br />
<br />
Let’s take a look at some examples: 𐭘𖬭 kya, 𐩪𖬌 fwo, 𐩬𖬖 swa<br />
<br />
There are 8 main diphthongs, rendered in roman alphabet with “y” (/j/) and “w” (/w/), and in askaoza these semivocalic sounds are shown by a diacritic on the left of the corresponding consonant. <br />
<br />
Let’s see how it works with the consonant 𖭑 (n):<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|<br />
|'''A'''<br />
|'''E'''<br />
|'''I'''<br />
|'''O'''<br />
|'''U'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Y'''<br />
|𐭘𖭑 nya<br />
|𐐑𖭑 nye<br />
|<br />
|ᛚ𖭑 nyo<br />
|𐐓𖭑 nyu<br />
|-<br />
|'''W'''<br />
|𐩬𖭑 nwa<br />
|𐩧𖭑 nwe<br />
|𐐊𖭑 nwi<br />
|𐩪𖭑 nwo<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
Example words and sounds:<br />
<br />
𖭑ᛁ𐩬𖭑ɭ niswae<br />
<br />
𖬒ᐤ𐐓𖬬𖬒 oryua<br />
<br />
𐩧𖬭𖬬ᛁ kweri<br />
<br />
𐐓𖬒𖬪ᐤ yutso<br />
<br />
𐭘𖬨Ꮀ𐐊𖬭 hyaakwi<br />
<br />
𐐑𖬒ᛁ𖬖ᐤᐡ yeison<br />
<br />
𖬌𐐢𐐑𖬬 furye<br />
<br />
𖬪𐩬𖬒 tsawa<br />
<br />
𖬖𐩪𖬒𖬨ᛁ sawohi<br />
<br />
𐩪𖬭𖬨ɭ kwohe<br />
<br />
𖬊ᛁ𐩧𖬖Ꮀ miwee<br />
<br />
ᛚ𖬒𖬊 yoma<br />
<br />
𐐓𖬊Ꮀ𖬨 myuuha<br />
<br />
ᛚ𖬮𖬖𐐢 tyosu<br />
<br />
=== Double Consonants ===<br />
The double consonant is possible only with K, P, CH, S, T, N, L, SH, TS, and it is shown by a "^" diacritic symbol on the respective glyph.<br />
* KKA 𖬘𖬳<br />
* PPA 𖬇𖬳<br />
* TTA 𖬁𖬳𖬳<br />
* CCHA 𖬐𖬳<br />
* SSA 𖬖𖬳<br />
* SSHA 𖬔𖬳<br />
* TTSA 𖬑𖬳𖬳<br />
* LLA 𖬈𖬳<br />
<br />
Only the "nn" rendering is different, as it is shown with a diacritic symbol before "NA": <br />
<br />
* NNA ⲅ𖭑<br />
<br />
;Examples <br />
* 𖬮𖬭 taka vs 𖬮𖬘𖬳 takka<br />
* 𖬨ᛁ𖭑ᐡ hinan vs 𖬨ᛁⲅ𖭑ᐡ hinnan<br />
* 𖬥ᛁ𐩪𖬭 chikwo vs 𖬥ᛁ𐩪𖬘𖬳 chikkwo<br />
* 𖬮𐐢𖬖 usa vs 𖬮𐐢𖬖𖬳 ussa<br />
* 𖬮ᐤ𖬇𐐢ᐢ opun vs 𖬮ᐤ𖬇𖬳𐐢ᐢ oppun<br />
<br />
=== Long vowels ===<br />
In Izaki language, vowels can be short or long. This feature has a distinctive value, so it is important to notice when a vowel is short or long. <br />
<br />
In the official '''Sanotari-Idanos romanization system''', long vowels are written with a macron: ā ī ē ō ū, while in the less used '''Tagenas romanization system''', they are just left as a couple of vowels: aa, ii, ee, oo, uu. <br />
<br />
In the askaoza alphabet, to mark a long vowel, the diacritic “Ꮀ” is placed on the right of the long vowel syllable. <br />
<br />
Let’s take a look at some examples: 𖬭Ꮀ kā, 𖬌ᛁᎰ fī, 𖬮ᐤᎰ tō<br />
<br />
There are cases of long vowel in a CVC syllabe. In this case, the diacritic must be placed before the final consonant one: 𖬪ᐤᎰᐡ tsōn, 𖬬𐐢Ꮀᒢ rūs, 𖬨ɭᎰᣘ hēr<br />
<br />
= Greetings and useful expressions =<br />
In the table, some useful words in Izaki<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Ingerish'''<br />
|'''Izaki (romanised)'''<br />
|'''Transcription (Izaki)'''<br />
|-<br />
|Ingerish<br />
|Ingo<br />
|引語<br />
|-<br />
|Yes<br />
|Sā<br />
|𖬖⸠<br />
|-<br />
|No<br />
|Na<br />
|𖭑<br />
|-<br />
|Hello!<br />
|Ānjiwara!<br />
|𖬮⸠ᐢ𖬐𖬰ᛁ𐩬𖬮𖬬<br />
|-<br />
|How are you<br />
|Soi yodeska?<br />
|𖬖ᐤᛁ ꓩ𖬮𖬒𖬰ɭᒢ𖬭?<br />
|-<br />
|Hello (formal)<br />
|Āmajike<br />
|𖬮⸠𖬊𖬐𖬰ᛁ𖬭ɭ<br />
|-<br />
|Hi! (informal)<br />
|Ānji!<br />
|𖬮⸠ᐢ𖬐𖬰ᛁ!<br />
|-<br />
|I'm fine, thank you.<br />
|Nai tepan, dōmas.<br />
|𖭑꜉ 良ᐢ, 𖬒𖬰ᐤ⸠𖬊ᒢ.<br />
|-<br />
|So and so<br />
|tepana, zushina / tenazuna<br />
|良𖭑, 悪𖭑 / 𖬁ɭ𖭑𖬖𖬰𐐢𖭑<br />
|-<br />
|Goodbye!<br />
|Sokkiba!<br />
|𖬖ᐤⲅ𖬭ᛁ𖬇𖬰!<br />
|-<br />
|Welcome<br />
|Witte edeseke<br />
|𐐊𖬮𖬁𖬳𖬳ɭ 𖬮ɭ𖬒𖬰ɭ𖬖ɭ𖬭ɭ<br />
|-<br />
|Please<br />
|Inadeshiyan (indeshan)<br />
|𖬮ᛁ𖭑𖬒𖬰ɭ𖬔ᛁ𐭘𖬮ᐢ (𖬮ᛁᐢ𖬒𖬰ɭ𖬔ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|Thank you<br />
|Dōmas<br />
<br />
Dōmades<br />
|𖬒𖬰ᐤ⸠𖬊ᒢ.<br />
𖬒𖬰ᐤ⸠𖬊𖬒𖬰ɭᒢ<br />
|-<br />
|You're welcome<br />
|Dōmehisatta<br />
|𖬒𖬰ᐤ⸠𖬊ɭ𖬨ᛁ𖬖𖬁𖬳𖬳<br />
|-<br />
|Excuse me<br />
|Karansekeni / Karanseken / Karansee<br />
|𖬭𖬬ᐢ𖬖ɭ𖬭ɭ𖭑ᛁ / 𖬭𖬬ᐢ𖬖ɭ𖬭ɭᐢ / 𖬭𖬬ᐢ𖬖ɭ⸠<br />
|-<br />
|Sorry<br />
|Kuben<br />
|𖬭𐐢𖬇𖬰ɭᐢ<br />
|-<br />
|Good morning<br />
|Tepan allaa<br />
|良ᐢ 朝⸠<br />
|-<br />
|Good afternoon<br />
|Tepan katoo<br />
|良ᐢ 昼⸠<br />
|-<br />
|Good evening<br />
|Tepan seikaa<br />
|良ᐢ 夕⸠<br />
|-<br />
|Goodnight <br />
|Tepan nanshaa<br />
|良ᐢ 夜⸠<br />
|}<br />
<br />
= Nouns =<br />
Nouns in Izaki can be declined in singular and plural forms. There are no genders, as male, female or neuter. All the names are genderless.<br />
<br />
== Plural Formation ==<br />
In order to make the plural form, you need to prolong the last vowel of the name and add “n”. If the name already ends by a long vowel, just a n is added. If a noun ends in a consonant, see the rules. <br />
<br />
=== Nouns ending by vowel: ===<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Meaning'''<br />
|'''Singular (nominative)'''<br />
|'''Plural (nominative)'''<br />
|-<br />
|''water''<br />
|miwa (水)<br />
|miwaan (水⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''fire''<br />
|hunui(火)<br />
|hunuiin(火⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''man''<br />
|suto (男)<br />
|sutoon (男⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''woman''<br />
|natae (女)<br />
|nataeen (女⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''apple''<br />
|sugua (檎)<br />
|suguaan (檎⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''forest''<br />
|tsawa (森)<br />
|tsawaan (森⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''rice''<br />
|konu (米)<br />
|konuun (米⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''freedom''<br />
|jiyu (自由)<br />
|jiyuun (自由⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''nation''<br />
|kukka (國家)<br />
|kukkaan (國家⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|symptom<br />
|byōshō (病症)<br />
|byōshōhin (病症𖬨ᛁᐢ)<sup>1</sup><br />
|}<br />
1: nouns ending by a long vowel will add "hin" (𖬨ᛁᐢ)<br />
<br />
=== Noun ending by consonants: ===<br />
In Izaki, due to phonological rules, words can only end by: -n, -s, -l, -r. Basically to make the plural form, you need to prolong the ending consonant, and recall once again the previous vowel. <br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Meaning'''<br />
|'''Singular (nominative)'''<br />
|'''Plural (nominative)'''<br />
|'''Remarks, exceptions'''<br />
|-<br />
|''surface''<br />
|pyomyen(表面)<br />
|pyomyenne(表面𖭑ɭ)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''law''<br />
|pōrīs(法律)<br />
|pōrīsshi(法律𖬔ᛁ)<br />
|Izaki phonetics do not allow the /si/ syllable, which becomes /ʃi/ (shi). <br />
|-<br />
|''technology''<br />
|gijus(技術)<br />
|gijussu(技術𖬖𐐢)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''wave''<br />
|moigon(波)<br />
|moigonno(波𖭑ᐤ)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''leg''<br />
|huinnon(脚)<br />
|huinnonno(脚𖭑ᐤ)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''fennel''<br />
|totsus(茴)<br />
|totsussu(茴𖬖𐐢)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''insect''<br />
|nās(虫)<br />
|nāssa(虫𖬖)<br />
|If the last vowel of the singular form is a long one (ā,ē,ī,ō,ū), in the plural form it will be a shortened vowel.<br />
|-<br />
|''love''<br />
|saison(愛)<br />
|saisonno(愛𖭑ᐤ)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''docking''<br />
|rul(埠)<br />
|rullu(埠𖬈𐐢)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''God of the Sea''<br />
|kikk(𖬭ᛁ𖬘𖬳')<br />
|kikki(𖬭ᛁ𖬘𖬳ᛁ)<br />
|irregular word<br />
|-<br />
|''moral''<br />
|tekeh(徳)<br />
|tekehte(徳𖬁ɭ)<br />
|irregular word<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Cases ==<br />
Izaki Language operates on 8 cases (格⸠ᐢ ''kakuun''). <br />
<br />
Nouns, adjectives, pronouns and verbs need to be declined in most of the situations.<br />
<br />
# '''Nominative''' (主格, shukaku): the case used for the main subject, or the topic of the sentence. In the dictionary the nouns are in the nominative form.<br />
# '''Genitive''' (属格, zukkaku): to express the possession<br />
# '''Accusative''' (対格, taikaku): the case used for the direct object of a transitive verb<br />
# '''Dative''' (与格, yokaku): the indirect case of a destination recipient (to whom)<br />
# '''Locative''' (処格, shokaku): the case used to express the static position<br />
# '''Allative''' (向格, hyānkaku): the case used to express the direction (to the outside, until)<br />
# '''Ablative''' (奪格, daskaku): the case used to express the origin (from where, from when)<br />
# '''Instrumental''' (具格, gukaku): the case used to express the way or the instrument of an action (with something, using something), and also used to create other expressions using added ending suffixes. <br />
The following tables shows how some example words declinate in the different cases at their singular forms:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Case/meaning'''<br />
|'''Addied stem (-V/-C)'''<br />
|''water''<br />
|''tear''<br />
|''gate''<br />
|''wolf''<br />
|''opinion''<br />
|''day''<br />
|''sugar''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Nominative'''<br />
|''-''<br />
|miwa<br />
|tsokke<br />
|mua<br />
|tsaikis<br />
|wiken<br />
|kato<br />
|satā<br />
|-<br />
|'''Genitive'''<br />
|''add -s/-us''<br />
|miwa'''s'''<br />
|tsokkes<br />
|muas<br />
|tsaikisus<br />
|wikenus<br />
|ka'''d'''os<br />
|sa'''d'''ās<br />
|-<br />
|'''Accusative'''<br />
|''prolong vowel<sup>1</sup>''<br />
|miw'''ā'''<br />
|tsokkē<br />
|muā<br />
|tsaikisū<br />
|wikenū<br />
|katoo<br />
|satā<br />
|-<br />
|'''Dative'''<br />
|''add -i''<br />
|miwa'''i'''<br />
|tsokkei<br />
|muai<br />
|tsaikishi<br />
|wikenni<br />
|katoi<br />
|satāi<br />
|-<br />
|'''Locative'''<br />
|''add -n/-un''<br />
|miwa'''n'''<br />
|tsokken<br />
|muan<br />
|tsaikisun<br />
|wikenun<br />
|ka'''d'''on<br />
|sa'''d'''ān<br />
|-<br />
|'''Allative'''<br />
|''add -r/-ur''<br />
|miwa'''r'''<br />
|tsokker<br />
|muar<br />
|tsaikisur<br />
|wikenur<br />
|ka'''d'''or<br />
|sa'''d'''ār<br />
|-<br />
|'''Ablative'''<br />
|''add -l/-ul''<br />
|miwa'''l'''<br />
|tsokkel<br />
|mual<br />
|tsaikisul<br />
|wikenul<br />
|ka'''d'''ol<br />
|sa'''d'''āl<br />
|-<br />
|'''Instrumental'''<br />
|''see below''<br />
|miwa'''e'''<br />
|tsokkei<br />
|muae<br />
|tsaikiso<br />
|wikeni<br />
|katou<br />
|satāe<br />
|}<br />
1: if the noun already ends by a long vowel, the accusative keeps the same as the nominative.<br />
<br />
2: in the ''genitive'', ''locative'', ''allative'' and ''ablative'' cases ('''strong cases'''), nouns ending by vowel see a change in the last consonant, which becomes a sonorant if originally was k, p, ch, t, f, r, ts, sh. This phenomenon is called sonorisation of strong cases (強格濁音化); <br />
<br />
Eg: ''lota'' (sheet) > ''lo'''d'''as'', ''taito'' (diary) > ''tai'''d'''on'', ''dasa'' (trunk) > ''da'''z'''as'', ''niki'' (tower) > ''ni'''g'''is''<br />
<br />
However, this doesn't happen with double consonants, and when the consonant is preceded by ''h'' or ''s'': <br />
<br />
E.g. ''dahkei'' (precipice) > ''dah'''k'''ein'', ''juska'' (son) > ''jus'''k'''as''<br />
<br />
==== The instrumental ====<br />
The instrumental case can be created using the “vowel progression system”, and the rule is easily observable by each vowel ending words:<br />
<br />
# Words ending in a: add an -e<br />
# Words ending in e: add an -i<br />
# Words ending in i: add an -o (a diphthongization happens, so the word end changes to -yo)<br />
# Words ending in o: add an -u<br />
# Words ending in u: add an -a (a diphthongization happens, so the word end changes to -wa)<br />
# Words ending in consonant follow the same vowel progression rule as above, but the ending consonant doubles<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Meaning'''<br />
|'''Nominative'''<br />
|'''Instrumental'''<br />
|'''Notes'''<br />
|-<br />
|''water''<br />
|miwa<br />
|miwae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''hill''<br />
|oboe<br />
|oboei<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''river''<br />
|sāri<br />
|sāryo<br />
|i+o contract in “yo”<br />
|-<br />
|''color''<br />
|ahiro<br />
|ahirou<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''bear''<br />
|usumu<br />
|usumwa<br />
|u+a contract in “wa”<br />
|-<br />
|''employee''<br />
|shawin<br />
|shawinno<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''beetle''<br />
|tendattan<br />
|tendattanne<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''Sainðaul''<br />
|''Sainðaul''<br />
|''Sainðaulla''<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''life''<br />
|seikwas<br />
|seikwasse<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
''Note'': words already ending with a diphthong keeps behaving the same, except for V+”o” ending nouns:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Meaning'''<br />
|'''Nominative'''<br />
|'''Instrumental'''<br />
|'''Remarks'''<br />
|-<br />
|''lightning''<br />
|sasatsai <br />
|sasatsayo<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''bell''<br />
|akau<br />
|akawa<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''neck''<br />
|kea<br />
|keae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''tusk''<br />
|nekīkei<br />
|nekīkeyo<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''mushroom''<br />
|hingao<br />
|hingō*<br />
|<nowiki>-ao ending names change the last “ao” to “ō”</nowiki><br />
|-<br />
|''port''<br />
|sāreo<br />
|sāreu<br />
|<nowiki>-eo ending names change the last “eo” to “eu”</nowiki><br />
|-<br />
|''glass''<br />
|tassuo<br />
|tassū<br />
|<nowiki>-uo ending names change the last “uo” to “ū”</nowiki><br />
|-<br />
|''actor''<br />
|haiyū<br />
|haiyūa<br />
| -long u ending names just see an added "a"<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Derived cases ===<br />
From the instrumental stem, by adding other particles, you can create some sub-cases. <br />
<br />
# '''Comitative''' (with): -te (''miwaete'', with the water; ''tendattannete'', with the beetle)<br />
# '''Translative''' (to become): - nde (''sāryonde'', to become a river, ''jiyuande'', to become free)<br />
# '''Dedative''' (about): - nkai (''ahirounkai'', about the color; )<br />
# '''Abessive''' (without) -ttan (''saisonuttan'', without love; ''gijussattan'', without technology)<br />
<br />
Another case, the istructive, is made by the dative bases: <br />
<br />
# '''Istructive''' (with the mean of): - hte<br />
<br />
<br />
''Example sentences''<br />
<br />
I live in Sainðaul<br />
<br />
''Nai Sainðaulun paen. (我 作安崎''𐐢ᐢ 住𖬮ɭᐢ'')''<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
The books of the student are in the classroom.<br />
<br />
''Hakuseis kinoon kyoshisun yohan.(学生之 冊''⸠ᐢ 教室𐐢ᐢ ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ)<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Anna ordered two novels.<br />
<br />
''Anna shosessē kantsul chubun teki.'' (𖬮ⲅ𖭑 小説𖬖ɭ⸠ 二𖬑𐐢ᐡ 注文𖬁ɭ𖬭ᛁ.)<br />
<br />
=== Plural cases ===<br />
The formation of the plural cases sees the presence of a thematic "i" inserted between the root of the word and the case ending; the consonant sonorisation doesn't happen:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Case/meaning'''<br />
|'''Addied stem (-V/-C)'''<br />
|''water''<br />
|''tear''<br />
|''gate''<br />
|''wolf''<br />
|''opinion''<br />
|''day''<br />
|''sugar''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Nominative'''<br />
|prolong last vowel and add -n/double the last consonant, and repeat the preceding vowel<br />
|miwaan<br />
|tsokkeen<br />
|muaan<br />
|tsaikisshi<br />
|wikenne<br />
|katoon<br />
|satāhin<br />
|-<br />
|'''Genitive'''<br />
|''add -is/-es''<br />
|miwa'''is'''<br />
|tsokke'''is'''<br />
|mua'''is'''<br />
|tsaikis'''es'''<br />
|wiken'''es'''<br />
|kato'''is'''<br />
|satāhes<br />
|-<br />
|'''Accusative'''<br />
|''add -ita/-ta''<br />
|miw'''aita'''<br />
|tsokke'''ita'''<br />
|mua'''ita'''<br />
|tsaikis'''ta'''<br />
|wiken'''ta'''<br />
|kato'''ita'''<br />
|satāheta<br />
|-<br />
|'''Dative'''<br />
|''add -hi''<br />
|miwa'''hi'''<br />
|tsokke'''hi'''<br />
|mua'''hi'''<br />
|tsaikis'''shi'''<br />
|wiken'''hi'''<br />
|kato'''hi'''<br />
|satāhi<br />
|-<br />
|'''Locative'''<br />
|''add -in/-en''<br />
|miwa'''in'''<br />
|tsokke'''in'''<br />
|mua'''in'''<br />
|tsaikis'''en'''<br />
|wiken'''en'''<br />
|kato'''in'''<br />
|satāhen<br />
|-<br />
|'''Allative'''<br />
|''add -ir/-er''<br />
|miwa'''ir'''<br />
|tsokke'''ir'''<br />
|mua'''ir'''<br />
|tsaikis'''er'''<br />
|wiken'''er'''<br />
|kato'''ir'''<br />
|satāher<br />
|-<br />
|'''Ablative'''<br />
|''add -il/-el''<br />
|miwa'''il'''<br />
|tsokke'''il'''<br />
|mua'''il'''<br />
|tsaikis'''el'''<br />
|wiken'''el'''<br />
|kato'''il'''<br />
|satāhel<br />
|-<br />
|'''Instrumental'''<br />
|''add -i after the singular instrumental''<br />
|miwa'''ei'''<br />
|tsokkeii<br />
|muaei<br />
|tsaikisoi<br />
|wikenii<br />
|katoui<br />
|satāei<br />
|}<br />
Note:<br />
<br />
* When a noun ends by long vowel at its singular form, the plural nominative theme is "-hin", but changes in "-he-" for the strong cases (genitive, locative, allative, ablative) eg: ''fupō'' (illegality) becomes ''fupōhin'' (illegalities), ''fubōs'' (of the illegality), ''fupōhen'' (in the illegalities) ...<br />
<br />
= Personal Pronouns =<br />
The personal pronouns in Izaki language, are the following:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|<br />
|'''Sing.'''<br />
|'''Plur.'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''1st'''<br />
|Nai<br />
|Naiin (exclusive), Nahu (incl.)<br />
|-<br />
|'''2nd'''<br />
|Sai / Kisai<br />
|Saiin / Kisaiin<br />
|-<br />
|'''3rd''' <br />
|Han<br />
|Hannu<br />
|}<br />
The 2nd person gets an honorific form by adding “ki” (貴) as a prefix<br />
<br />
Case conjugation:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Case'''<br />
|''I''<br />
|''You''<br />
|''He/She''<br />
|''We (ex)''<br />
|''We (inc)''<br />
|''You (pl)''<br />
|''They''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Nominative'''<br />
|nai<br />
|sai<br />
|han<br />
|naiin<br />
|nahu<br />
|saiin<br />
|hannu<br />
|-<br />
|'''Genitive'''<br />
|naiyo<br />
|saiyo<br />
|haiyo<br />
|nakiyo<br />
|nahuyo<br />
|sakiyo<br />
|hanniyo<br />
|-<br />
|'''Accusative'''<br />
|naka<br />
|saka<br />
|haka<br />
|naika<br />
|nahka<br />
|saika<br />
|hannika<br />
|-<br />
|'''Dative'''<br />
|nakai<br />
|sakai<br />
|hakai<br />
|naikai<br />
|nahkai<br />
|saikai<br />
|hannikai<br />
|-<br />
|'''Locative'''<br />
|nain<br />
|sain<br />
|hain<br />
|nakin<br />
|nahkin<br />
|sakin<br />
|hannun<br />
|-<br />
|'''Allative'''<br />
|nair<br />
|sair<br />
|hair<br />
|nakir<br />
|nahkir<br />
|sakir<br />
|hannur<br />
|-<br />
|'''Ablative'''<br />
|nail<br />
|sail<br />
|hail<br />
|nakil<br />
|nahkil<br />
|sakil<br />
|hannul<br />
|-<br />
|'''Instrumental'''<br />
|nayo<br />
|sayo<br />
|hane<br />
|nakyo<br />
|nahkyo<br />
|sakyo<br />
|hannwa<br />
|}<br />
The genitive, accusative and dative forms have also a suffix variation which can be put at the end of a noun or as a suffix of a verb:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Case'''<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|'''Genitive'''<br />
|<nowiki>-ne</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-se</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-he</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-nehe</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-nuhe</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-sehe</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-hese</nowiki><br />
|-<br />
|'''Accusative'''<br />
|<nowiki>-ni</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-shi</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-hi</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-nki</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-nhi</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-ski</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-heshi</nowiki><br />
|-<br />
|'''Dative'''<br />
|<nowiki>-na</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-sa</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-ha</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-nka</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-nha</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-ska</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-hasa</nowiki><br />
|}<br />
Note: in spoken language ''hese'' and ''hasa'' often become ''hes'', ''has''.<br />
<br />
=== Genitive suffix ===<br />
My computer: Naiyo dyensanki - or - dyensankine<br />
<br />
His wallet: Haiyo ðaifu - or - ðaifuhe<br />
<br />
Their house: Hanniyo futaka - or - futakahese<br />
<br />
Your smile: Saiyo hamiku - or - hamikuse<br />
<br />
=== Accusative suffix ===<br />
The accusative suffix is used after a verb when the direct object of it is a personal pronoun.<br />
<br />
I call you tomorrow: ''Nai akae nakonshi'' (also ''Nai akae saka nakon'')<br />
<br />
She invited you (pl) to the party: ''Han uiraben chadoisk''i (also ''Han saika uiraben chadoi'')<br />
<br />
I love you: (''Nai) saisonshi'' (also ''Nai saka saison'')<br />
<br />
==== Accusative suffix with reflexive verbs ====<br />
Certain verbs are called ''reflexive'', as the action gets back to the subject. In these cases, the accusative suffix has to be used.<br />
<br />
I get up (I wake up myself): ''Nai tashitonni''.<br />
<br />
He washes himself: ''Han jipehi.''<br />
<br />
They wore up in a hurry: ''Hannu dunese tapukeeheshi''. (eehe is often pronounced “ppe” in the spoken language > tapukeppeshi)<br />
<br />
(due to the repetitive eehe in reflexive verbs in the 3rd plural conjugation, the ēheshi suffix often gets contracted to ppēs, especially in spoken Izaki: “(Hannu) Dunese tapukeppes.”)<br />
<br />
=== Dative suffix ===<br />
The dative suffixes can be attached at the end of the verb. Notice the changes when the verb conjugation ends by consonant. <br />
<br />
He gives me some presents: ''Han kappareita tsotana.'' <br />
<br />
Sanna sent you her ring: ''Sanna tamūhe ronusa''.<br />
<br />
They killed him: ''Hannu sazokeeha''.<br />
<br />
=== Possessing function ===<br />
To express sentences such as “I have something”, the pronoun must be changed in the possession tense, which is as follow: <br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Standard form'''<br />
|'''Possessing form'''<br />
|-<br />
|Nai 𖭑꜉<br />
|Nara 𖭑𖬬<br />
|-<br />
|Sai 𖬖꜉<br />
|Sara 𖬖𖬬<br />
|-<br />
|Han 𖬨ᐢ<br />
|Hara 𖬨𖬬<br />
|-<br />
|Naiin 𖭑꜉⸠ᐢ<br />
|Naira 𖭑꜉𖬬<br />
|-<br />
|Saiin 𖬖꜉⸠ᐢ<br />
|Saira 𖬖꜉𖬬<br />
|-<br />
|Hannu 𖬨ⲅ𖭑𐐢<br />
|Hanara 𖬨𖭑𖬬<br />
|}<br />
<u>Structure</u>: Pronoun in possessive form, owned object, to be verb (conjugated according to the number of the owned thing(s)).<br />
<br />
I have a bicycle: ''<u>Nara</u> jityensha yo. (''𖭑𖬬 自轉車 ꓩ𖬮)<br />
<br />
She has many clothes: ''<u>Hara</u> tasuin chuneen yohan.'' (𖬨𖬬 多𖬮ᛁᐢ 衣⸠ᐢ ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ.)<br />
<br />
You don’t have any pride: ''<u>Saira</u> nashehen euna yona.'' (𖬖꜉𖬬 什⸠ᐢ 誇 ꓩ𖬮𖭑.)<br />
<br />
For nouns different than the personal pronoun, dative case shall be used for the person/object who owns something:<br />
<br />
Kaoto has two cars: ''Kaoto<u>i</u> takamaan kanki yohan.'' (敢斗𖬮ᛁ 車⸠ᐢ 2基 ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ.)<br />
<br />
Has your teacher got a girlfriend? ''Hagiuppaya<u>i</u>se nattaiko yoreka?'' <br />
<br />
= Prepositions of place =<br />
Rule: change the name in the '''genitive''' case, followed by the position particle in '''locative''' case<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+Main prepositions of place '''(位置後付詞)'''<br />
!Meaning<br />
!Izaki<br />
!Writing<br />
!Example (with the words “table” (sawohi) and “” (house)<br />
|-<br />
|In front<br />
|adae<br />
|向<br />
|sawohis adaen<br />
|-<br />
|Behind<br />
|odae<br />
|後<br />
|sawohis odaen<br />
|-<br />
|On<br />
|uino<br />
|上<br />
|sawohis uinon<br />
|-<br />
|Over<br />
|swori<br />
|𐩪𖬖𖬬ᛁ<br />
|sawohis sworin<br />
|-<br />
|Under<br />
|teano<br />
|下<br />
|sawohis teanon<br />
|-<br />
|Below<br />
|kauri<br />
|𖬭'𐐢𖬬ᛁ<br />
|sawohis kaurin<br />
|-<br />
|Next to<br />
|muje<br />
|横<br />
|sawohis mujen<br />
|-<br />
|Inside<br />
|juitte<br />
|中<br />
|futagas juitten <br />
|-<br />
|Outside<br />
|toku<br />
|外<br />
|futagas togun<br />
|-<br />
|Nearby<br />
|haikan<br />
|近ᐢ<br />
|futagas haikanun<br />
|-<br />
|Far from<br />
|nantan<br />
|遠ᐢ<br />
|futagas nantanun<br />
|}<br />
<br />
= Verbs =<br />
All izaki verbs, in the "dictionary form" end by -su (𖬖𐐢), and the part preceding it is the verb stem. <br />
<br />
Verbs are conjugated according to the 6 pronouns and in 5 different basic tenses: ''present, simple past, perfect, future,'' and ''hypothetic.'' <br />
<br />
Before other verb forms can be made one must first take off the infinitive ending from the stem, to which other endings are then added, cf. yuka/su ‘(to) think’ : yuka/ma/n ‘I will think’, yuka/ttu ‘thought’. <br />
<br />
Some verbs have more than one stem, in which case one is formed from the other, e.g. i/su ‘(to) go’ : ike/n ‘I go’ and e/su ‘(to) come’ : ere/n ‘I come’. <br />
<br />
Consonant weakening may affect secondary verbs stems, and we will see the rules in this chapter; e.g. nugi/su ‘(to) clean’ : nuki/n ’I clean‘ (consonant gradation) <br />
<br />
== Verb to be (yosu, ꓩ𖬮𖬖𐐢) ==<br />
''Yosu'' verb is the most important one in Izaki language, as it is needed to create sentences like “subject” is “copula”, or for existence sentences, such as “there is something”. <br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|Personal Pr.<br />
|'''Present'''<br />
|Ing. equivalent<br />
|'''Present neg.'''<br />
|'''Simple past'''<br />
|Ing. equivalent<br />
|'''Simple past neg.'''<br />
|'''Perfect'''<br />
|Ing. equivalent<br />
|'''Perfect neg.'''<br />
|'''Future'''<br />
|Ing. equivalent<br />
|'''Future neg.'''<br />
|-<br />
|Nai<br />
|yo'''n''' (ꓩ𖬮ᐢ)<br />
|I am<br />
|yo'''nan'''<br />
|yo'''in'''<br />
|I was<br />
|yo'''nain'''<br />
|yo'''len'''<br />
|I have been<br />
|yo'''nalen'''<br />
|yo'''man'''<br />
|I will be<br />
|yo'''naman'''<br />
|-<br />
|Sai<br />
|yo'''s''' (ꓩ𖬮ᒢ)<br />
|You are<br />
|yo'''nas'''<br />
|yo'''is'''<br />
|You were<br />
|yo'''nais'''<br />
|yo'''les'''<br />
|You have been<br />
|yo'''nales'''<br />
|yo'''mas'''<br />
|You will be<br />
|yo'''namas'''<br />
|-<br />
|Han<br />
|yo (ꓩ𖬮)<br />
|He/She/it is<br />
|yo'''na'''<br />
|yo'''i'''<br />
|He/she/it was<br />
|yo'''nai'''<br />
|yo'''le'''<br />
|He/she/it has been<br />
|yo'''nale'''<br />
|yo'''ma'''<br />
|He/she/it will be<br />
|yo'''nama'''<br />
|-<br />
|Naiin <br />
|yo'''nne''' (ꓩ𖬮ⲅ𖭑ɭ)<br />
|We are<br />
|yo'''nanne'''<br />
|yo'''inne'''<br />
|We were<br />
|yo'''nainne'''<br />
|yo'''lenne'''<br />
|We have been<br />
|yo'''nalenne'''<br />
|yo'''manne'''<br />
|We will be<br />
|yo'''namanne'''<br />
|-<br />
|Saiin<br />
|yo'''sse''' (ꓩ𖬮𖬖𖬳ɭ)<br />
|You are<br />
|yo'''nasse'''<br />
|yo'''isse'''<br />
|You were<br />
|yo'''naisse'''<br />
|yo'''lesse'''<br />
|You have been<br />
|yo'''nalesse'''<br />
|yo'''masse'''<br />
|You will be<br />
|yo'''namasse'''<br />
|-<br />
|Hannu<br />
|yo'''han''' (ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ)<br />
|They are<br />
|yo'''nahan'''<br />
|yo'''ihan'''<br />
|They were<br />
|yo'''naihan'''<br />
|yo'''lehan'''<br />
|They have been<br />
|yo'''nalehan'''<br />
|yo'''mahan'''<br />
|They will be<br />
|yo'''namahan'''<br />
|}<br />
As one can see, the conjugation rule is easy: '''-n''' for the first person, '''-s''' for the second, just the verb stem for the third. <br />
<br />
For the plural pronouns, you add “'''-nne'''” for “we”, “'''-sse'''” for you (plural), and “'''-han'''” for they.<br />
<br />
To create the negative form, just add “na” after the stem, and conjugate accordingly.<br />
<br />
For the simple past, add the past theme “i” after the stem, for the simple past negative, add “nai”, for the perfect add "le", and for the future add "ma" (note that the negative stem "na" has the priority in closeness to the verb stem when other suffixes are added). <br />
<br />
<br />
''Example sentences''<br />
<br />
I am a man ( I - man - am): ''Nai suto yon'' (我ᛁ 男 ꓩ𖬮ᐢ)<br />
<br />
They are doctors. (They - doctor - s - are) ''Hannu satsaan yohan.'' (他ⲅ𖭑𐐢 博⸠ᐢ ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ)<br />
<br />
There was a bird in the house. (House - in - bird - was) ''Futakan fuwo yoi.'' (舎ᐢ 鳥 ꓩ𖬮ᛁ)<br />
<br />
<br />
For the formal form of the verb, used when talking about yourself, or in general, to people who are not your acquaintances, or in situations requiring medium formality, the suffix “ra” (𖬬) has to be added before the person ending. <br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|Personal Pr.<br />
|'''Present'''<br />
|'''Present negative'''<br />
|'''Simple past'''<br />
|'''Simple past negative'''<br />
|-<br />
|Nai<br />
|yora'''n'''<br />
|yo'''naran'''<br />
|yo'''iran'''<br />
|yo'''nairan'''<br />
|-<br />
|Sai<br />
|yora'''s'''<br />
|yo'''naras'''<br />
|yo'''iras'''<br />
|yo'''nairas'''<br />
|-<br />
|Han<br />
|yora<br />
|yo'''nara'''<br />
|yo'''ira'''<br />
|yo'''naira'''<br />
|-<br />
|Naiin<br />
|yora'''nne'''<br />
|yo'''naranne'''<br />
|yo'''iranne'''<br />
|yo'''nairanne'''<br />
|-<br />
|Saiin<br />
|yora'''sse'''<br />
|yo'''narasse'''<br />
|yo'''irasse'''<br />
|yo'''nairasse'''<br />
|-<br />
|Hannu<br />
|yora'''han'''<br />
|yo'''narahan'''<br />
|yo'''irahan'''<br />
|yo'''nairahan'''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
''Example sentences''<br />
<br />
I am a teacher (formal): ''Nai hagiuppaya yoran''. (我ᛁ 教𖬮𐐢𖬇𖬳者 ꓩ𖬮𖬬ᐢ)<br />
<br />
Are you a researcher?: ''Kisai kenkyunsha yoraska?'' (貴你ᛁ 研究者 ꓩ𖬮𖬬ᒢ𖬭?)<br />
<br />
<br />
The aspect suffixes seen so far observe the following preferential order: (stem)-na-(aspect suffix)-ra-(personal ending)-ka<br />
<br />
== Other verbs ==<br />
Izaki verbs can be divided in three groups, according to their ending:<br />
<br />
# Ending by CV + su ('''Group 1''') (as ''ka<u>da</u>su, na<u>ko</u>su, shi<u>ro</u>su'' etc...)<br />
# Ending by VV + su ('''Group 2''') (as ''m<u>oa</u>su, <u>ei</u>su, jing<u>oa</u>su'' etc...)<br />
# Ending by consonant (n, s, l, r, k, h) + su ('''Group 3''') (as ''ode<u>n</u>su, kichoa<u>r</u>su, ma<u>h</u>su,'' etc...)<br />
<br />
=== Present tense ===<br />
<br />
==== Group 1 ====<br />
Verbs of this group always end with -asu, -esu, -isu, -osu, -usu. The vowel before “su” is always a short vowel. <br />
<br />
Note that verbs show a phenomenon similar to that of the nouns' sonorization. In this case, the last consonant before the suffix -su, if a sonorant consonant (g, b, d, z, zh, dz, j), becomes voiceless (k, p, t, s, sh, ts, ch). <br />
<br />
This phenomenon is called "purification" (清音化, ''seionkwa''). See how the following verbs' stem changes accordingly (this is called "weak stem" 弱体 (''zhakuche'')): <br />
<br />
* kadasu (to arrive) kada → ka'''t'''a- <br />
* nugisu (to clean) nugi → nu'''k'''i- <br />
* nebusu (to cook) nebu → ne'''p'''u- <br />
* dagasu (to cut) daga → da'''k'''a- <br />
* sebusu (to finish) sebu → se'''p'''u- <br />
* gindasu (to put) ginda → gin'''t'''a- <br />
* rigusu (to run) rigu → ri'''k'''u- <br />
* wazasu (to divide) waza → wa'''s'''a- <br />
<br />
However, these kind of verbs have two kind of stem: a weak one (which sees this phenomenon) and a strong one (where the sonorant consonant does not change). In general, the weak stem is used to make the simple present, the simple past and the hypotetic tenses, while the strong stem is used to make perfect, future, situative, and participle.<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|<br />
|''To get up''<br />
|''To fly''<br />
|''To speak''<br />
|''To run''<br />
|''To ask''<br />
|-<br />
|Personal Pr.<br />
|'''Tashidosu'''<br />
|'''Nulbisu'''<br />
|'''Rihtasu'''<br />
|'''Rigusu'''<br />
|'''Kieresu'''<br />
|-<br />
|''Nai''<br />
|tashiton<br />
|nulbin<br />
|rihtan<br />
|rikun<br />
|kieren<br />
|-<br />
|''Sai''<br />
|tashitos<br />
|nulbis<br />
|rihtas<br />
|rikus<br />
|kieres<br />
|-<br />
|''Han''<br />
|tashito<br />
|nulbi<br />
|rihta<br />
|riku<br />
|kiere<br />
|-<br />
|''Naiin''<br />
|tashitonne<br />
|nulbinne<br />
|rihtanne<br />
|rikunne<br />
|kierenne<br />
|-<br />
|''Saiin''<br />
|tashitosse<br />
|nulbisse<br />
|rihtasse<br />
|rikusse<br />
|kieresse<br />
|-<br />
|''Hannu''<br />
|tashitohan<br />
|nulbihan<br />
|rihtahan<br />
|rikuhan<br />
|kierehan<br />
|}<br />
You can notice the personal pronoun endings:<br />
<br />
# -n<br />
# -s<br />
# verb stem (just drop “su”, and apply the weak stem, if applicable)<br />
# -nne<br />
# -sse<br />
# -han<br />
<br />
<br />
''Example sentences''<br />
<br />
She speaks Izaki: ''Han izakii rihta''. (彼 華邦語⸠ 話𖬁)<br />
<br />
We run to our house. ''Naiin futakarnehe rigunne''. (我ᛁ⸠ᐢ 舎ᣗ𖭑ɭ𖬨ɭ 走𖬭𖬰𐐢ⲅ𖭑ɭ)<br />
<br />
Mr. Rihasamo asks (to her) her name. ''Rihasamo tana nakoriihe kierera,'' (高山 殿 名ᛁ⸠𖬨ɭ 尋𖬬ɭ𖬬)<br />
<br />
==== Group 2 ====<br />
Verbs of this group always end by -asu, -esu, -isu, -osu, -usu. Before the suffix “su” there is a long vowel or two vowels. The present tense is basically the same as the group 1.<br />
<br />
Note that these verbs only have strong stems (no consonant degradation happens)<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|<br />
|''To drink''<br />
|''To hit''<br />
|''To rotate''<br />
|''To open''<br />
|''To start''<br />
|-<br />
|Personal Pr.<br />
|'''Eisu'''<br />
|'''Seosu'''<br />
|'''Minbaesu'''<br />
|'''Muiyasu'''<br />
|'''Pwikausu'''<br />
|-<br />
|''Nai''<br />
|Ein<br />
|seon<br />
|minbaen<br />
|muiyan<br />
|pwikaun<br />
|-<br />
|''Sai''<br />
|Eis<br />
|seos<br />
|minbaes<br />
|muiyas<br />
|pwikaus<br />
|-<br />
|''Han''<br />
|Ei<br />
|seo<br />
|minbae<br />
|muiya<br />
|pwikau<br />
|-<br />
|''Naiin''<br />
|Einne<br />
|seonne<br />
|minbaenne<br />
|muiyanne<br />
|pwikaunne<br />
|-<br />
|''Saiin''<br />
|Eisse<br />
|seosse<br />
|minbaesse<br />
|muiyasse<br />
|pwikausse<br />
|-<br />
|''Hannu''<br />
|Eihan<br />
|seohan<br />
|minbaehan<br />
|muiyahan<br />
|pwikauhan<br />
|}<br />
You can notice the personal pronoun endings:<br />
<br />
# -n<br />
# -s<br />
# verb stem (no suffix)<br />
# -nne<br />
# -sse<br />
# -han<br />
<br />
<br />
''Example sentences''<br />
<br />
Who opens the window? ''Naga tekaa muiyaraka?'' (誰 窓⸠ 開𐭘𖬮𖬬𖬭)<br />
<br />
When do you start the game? ''Estin appii pwikauraska?'' (𖬮ɭᒢ𖬁ᛁᐢ 娯⸠ 始𖬮𐐢𖬬ᒢ𖬭)<br />
<br />
They rotate the handle. ''Hannu rimeroo minbaerahan.'' (他ⲅ𖭑𐐢 舵⸠ 回𖬮ɭ𖬬𖬨ᐢ)<br />
<br />
==== Group 3 ====<br />
The verbs in this group end by "-su", preceded by a consonant that usually is n, s, and sometimes h, k (rare), l, r. To conjugate this group verbs, it is necessary to check which vowel comes before the consonant, and apply the vowel transition pattern. See how the stems change in the examples<br />
<br />
# Last vowel before Csu a: becomes '''ye''' (eg: kichoarsu → kichoarye-)<br />
# Last vowel before Csu e: becomes '''i''' (remember that "si" sound becomes "shi") ()<br />
# Last vowel before Csu i: becomes '''o''' (eh: jīssu → jīsso-)<br />
# Last vowel before Csu o: becomes '''u''' (eg: lendonsu → lendonnu-)<br />
# Last vowel before Csu u: becomes '''a''' (eg: sonomulsu → sonomulla-)<br />
<br />
According to the ending of the verb, each sub-type has the following last stem consonant changes:<br />
<br />
# '''-assu/essu/ossu/ussu''' verbs: asse/esshi/ossu/ussa + personal pronoun endings<br />
# -'''issu''' verbs: isshi + personal pronoun endings <sup>1</sup><br />
# -'''V<u>ns</u>u''' verbs: V<u>nn</u>V + personal pronoun endings<br />
# -'''Vhsu''' verbs: V<u>pp</u>V + personal pronoun endings <br />
# -'''Vlsu''' verbs: V<u>ll</u>V + personal pronoun endings <br />
# -'''Vksu''' verbs: V<u>kk</u>V + personal pronoun endings <sup>2</sup><br />
# -'''Vrsu''' verbs: V<u>ry</u>V + personal pronoun endings <br />
<br />
<nowiki>*</nowiki> V: vowel<br />
<br />
1: -issu verbs, such as ''ogissu'' (to complain) change their stem into "ogissa-" (ogissan, ogissas, ogissa...)<br />
<br />
2: -ersu verbs, such as ''numersu'' (to tow) change their stem into "numerī-" (numerīn, numerīs, numerī...)<br />
<br />
The personal pronoun endings are the same as the other types<br />
<br />
# -n<br />
# -s<br />
# only conjugation stem (the most intuitive way is to cut “-n” from the first person)<br />
# h+verb stem last vowel+n<br />
# h+verb stem last vowel+s<br />
# h+verb stem last vowel<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|<br />
|''To push''<br />
|''To try''<br />
|''To twist''<br />
|''To listen''<br />
|''To scrub''<br />
|''To convince''<br />
|''To paint''<br />
|-<br />
|Pers. Pr.<br />
|'''Jissu'''<br />
|'''Tsurahsu'''<br />
|'''Yokansu'''<br />
|'''Odensu'''<br />
|'''Tederiksu'''<br />
|'''Sonomulsu'''<br />
|'''Kichoarsu'''<br />
|-<br />
|''Nai''<br />
|jisshon<br />
|tsurappen<br />
|yokannen<br />
|odennin<br />
|tederikkon<br />
|sonomullan<br />
|kichoaryen<br />
|-<br />
|''Sai''<br />
|jisshos<br />
|tsurappes<br />
|yokannes<br />
|odennis<br />
|tederikkos<br />
|sonomullas<br />
|kichoaryes<br />
|-<br />
|''Han''<br />
|jissho<br />
|tsurappe<br />
|yokanne<br />
|odenni<br />
|tederikko<br />
|sonomulla<br />
|kichoarye<br />
|-<br />
|''Naiin''<br />
|jisshonne<br />
|tsurappenne<br />
|yokannenne<br />
|odenninne<br />
|tederikkonne<br />
|sonomullanne<br />
|kichoaryenne<br />
|-<br />
|''Saiin''<br />
|jisshosse<br />
|tsurappesse<br />
|yokannesse<br />
|odennisse<br />
|tederikkoisse<br />
|sonomullasse<br />
|kichoaryesse<br />
|-<br />
|''Hannu''<br />
|Jisshohan<br />
|tsurappehan<br />
|yokannehan<br />
|odennihan<br />
|tederikkohan<br />
|sonomullahan<br />
|kichoaryehan<br />
|}<br />
''Example sentences''<br />
<br />
She listens to the new track. ''Han suyon kyukuu odenni.'' (她 新ᐢ 曲⸠ 聴ⲅ𖭑ᛁ.)<br />
<br />
We paint the back of the house. ''Naiin futagas odae kichoaryenne.'' (我⸠ᐢ 家ᒢ 後 塗ꓶ𖬬ⲅ𖭑ɭ.)<br />
<br />
I change my child's diaper. ''Nai mitogosne hucharii puhannen.'' (我 子ᒢ𖭑ɭ 𖬨𐐢𖬐𖬬ᛁ⸠ 変ⲅ𖭑ɭᐢ.)<br />
<br />
=== Negative stem ===<br />
By changing part of the verb suffix, you can create the negative form of the verb.<br />
<br />
Yosu (to be) verb: yonasu (add “na” (無, but usually written as 𖭑) between the stem and the ending). This suffix tends to be in the closest position to the verb stem (weak stem if applicable), before other aspect suffixes. However in certain context, to emphatise a particular nuance in the speech, the order can be changed. <br />
<br />
Examples: <br />
<br />
I sleep: Nai luman; I don't sleep: Nai lumanan - I can sleep: Nai lumadan; I can't sleep: Nai luma'''na'''dan or Nai lumada'''na'''n (the previous form is preferred)<br />
<br />
==== Group 1: ====<br />
Tashidosu > tashitonasu (tashitonan, tashitonas, tashitona…)<br />
<br />
Rihtasu > Rihtanasu (rihtanan, rihtanas, rihtana...)<br />
<br />
Rigusu > Rikunasu (rikunan, rikunas, rikuna…)<br />
<br />
==== Group 2 ====<br />
Eisu > Einasu (einan, einas, eina…)<br />
<br />
Seosu > Seonasu (seonan, seonas, seona…)<br />
<br />
Muiyasu > Muiyanasu (muiyanan, muiyanas, muiyana....)<br />
<br />
Rule: for both groups 1 and 2 verbs, to create the negative stem, just add “na” before the -su ending, and conjugate the new verb as a group 1 verb.<br />
<br />
==== Group 3 ====<br />
Jissu > Jisanasu (jisanan, jisanas, jisana…)<br />
<br />
Tehossu > Tehosanasu (tehosanan, tehosanas, tehosana)<br />
<br />
Tsurahsu> Tsurahnasu (tsurahnan, tsurahnas, tsurahna...)<br />
<br />
Muppuhsu> Muppuhnasu (muppuhnan, muppuhnas, muppuhna…)<br />
<br />
Yokansu > Yokannasu (yokannan, yokannas, yokanna...)<br />
<br />
Chozinsu > Chozinnasu (choziwanan, choziwanas, choziwana…)<br />
<br />
Tederiksu > Tederīnasu (tederīnan, tederīnas, tederīna…)<br />
<br />
Bakkomaksu > Bakkomānasu (bakkomānan, bakkomānas, bakkomāna…)<br />
<br />
Sonomulsu > Sonomūnasu (sonomūnan, sonomūnas, sonomūna…)<br />
<br />
Nyukilsu > Nyukīnasu (nyukīnan, nyukīnas, nyukīna…)<br />
<br />
Kichoarsu > Kichoānasu (kichoānan, kichoānas, kichoāna...)<br />
<br />
Otarsu > Otānasu (otānan, otānas, otāna…)<br />
<br />
<br />
See here the rule in detail:<br />
<br />
- ssu verbs: insert “ana” between the -s ending stem and the -su suffix. In this case, the negative infix is always “ana”, regardless of the last stem vowel<br />
<br />
- hsu verbs: just add “na” between h and -su suffix.<br />
<br />
- nsu verbs: just add “na” between n and -su suffix<br />
<br />
-ksu/lsu/rsu verbs: remove k/l/r, prolong the previous vowel and add “na” before the -su suffix<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
| colspan="2" |'''Verb group'''<br />
|'''Negative particle'''<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="2" |''Group 1''<br />
|na (𖭑)<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="2" |''Group 2''<br />
|na (𖭑)<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="4" |''Group 3''<br />
|<nowiki>-ssu verbs</nowiki><br />
|ana (𖬮𖭑)<br />
|-<br />
|<nowiki>- hsu verbs</nowiki><br />
|na (𖭑)<br />
|-<br />
|<nowiki>- nsu verbs</nowiki><br />
|na (𖭑)<br />
|-<br />
|<nowiki>- ksu/lsu/rsu verbs</nowiki><br />
|long vowel + na (⸠𖭑)<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Conjunctions ==<br />
Being Izaki an agglutinative language, most of the conjunctions tend to be enclitic particles or suffixes directly attached after nouns and verbs.<br />
<br />
=== Coordinating conjunctions ===<br />
Coordinating conjunctions connect words which are the same grammatical type, e.g. words, phrases, clauses. The most common ones are and, or, but.<br />
* ''Ta (𖬁)'' - and<br />
<br />
I like rice and fish. ''Nakai konu ta miwee shintaha.'' (𖭑𖬭꜉ 米 𖬁 魚 好𖬨.)<br />
<br />
* ''Konae (或𖭑'ɭ)'' - or<br />
<br />
Do you want tea or coffee? (tea or coffee, which one do you desire?) ''Cha konae kofi, sone pinnaraska?'' (茶 或𖭑'ɭ 珈琲, 𖬖ᐤ𖭑ɭ 望𖬬ᒢ𖬭?)<br />
<br />
* ''Estin (𖬮ɭᒢ𖬁ᛁᐢ)'' - when<br />
<br />
When is your birthday? ''Oryukatose estin (yo)ka? ()''<br />
<br />
* ''Baki'' (𖬇𖬰𖬭ᛁ) - but<br />
<br />
I can speak Izaki but I can not speak Angerish. ''Izakigō rihtamin baki angerigō rihtaminan''. (華那語𐐞 話可𐐊 但 𐐀𐐊ꓙ𐐠𐐁𐐂𐐓語𐐞 話可無𐐊.)<br />
<br />
* ''Tokkai'' (𖬁ᐤ𖬘𖬳'ᛁ) - although<br />
<br />
Although she had arrived late, there was nobody. ''Han naronke kati tokkai, nagahen yonai. (𖬨ᐢ 晩ᐢ𖬭ɭ 着𖬁ᛁ 𖬁ᐤ𖬘𖬳'ᛁ, 誰𖬨ɭᐢ ꓩ𖬮𖭑꜉.)''<br />
<br />
=== Subordinating conjunctions ===<br />
A subordinating conjunction is a word or phrase that links a dependent clause to an independent clause.<br />
* ''Waste (𐩬𖬮ᒢ𖬁ɭ)'' - because <br />
<br />
Because there are too many people here, let's go to another place. ''Tochi tamatoha tasugureha waste, uren tolor iketān.'' (此𖬐ᛁ 人𖬨 多過𖬬ɭ𖬨 故ᒢ𖬁ɭ, 別ᐢ 所ᣗ 行𖬭ɭ𖬁⸠ᐢ.)<br />
<br />
* ''Nade (𖭑𖬒𖬰ɭ)'' - whenever<br />
<br />
Whenever I am in Warohan I always get a fresh pineapple juice. ''Nai Warohannnan yon nade, estinden karusugushirū moansen<sup>1</sup>''. (𖭑꜉ 深灣𖭑ᐢ ꓩ𖬮ᐢ 𖭑𖬒𖬰ɭ, 𖬮ɭᒢ𖬁ᛁᐢ𖬒𖬰ɭᐢ 松檎汁⸠ 買ᐢ𖬖ɭᐢ.)<br />
<br />
<sup>1</sup> sen: emphatic particle added after verbs with nuance of exclamation<br />
<br />
== Demonstratives ==<br />
In Izaki language there are three main relationships, marked by a theme (singular / plural): <br />
<br />
# Close to the speaker: “to” (𖬁ᐤ) / “toi” (𖬁ᐤᛁ)<br />
# Close to the listener: “so” (𖬖ᐤ) / “soi” (𖬖ᐤᛁ)<br />
# Far from both the speaker and the listener: “cho” (𖬐ᐤ) / “choi” (𖬐ᐤᛁ)<br />
<br />
<br />
The pronominal form (so, when a noun follows) , the demonstrative marker is followed by the suffix -na:<br />
{|<br />
|This is a cat.<br />
''Tona shinna yo.''<br />
<br />
𖬁ᐤ𖭑 猫 ꓩ𖬮.<br />
|Sona teshiki<br />
''That’s difficult.''<br />
<br />
𖬖ᐤ𖭑 難𖬭ᛁ.<br />
|That (one) is my friend. <br />
''Chona teikaoni yo.''<br />
<br />
𖬐ᐤ𖭑 友𖭑ᛁ ꓩ𖬮.<br />
|-<br />
|These are cats<br />
''Toina shinnān yohan.''<br />
<br />
𖬁ᐤᛁ𖭑 猫⸠ᐢ ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ.<br />
|Those are difficult<br />
''Soina teshikihan.''<br />
<br />
𖬖ᐤᛁ𖭑 難𖬭ᛁ𖬨ᐢ.<br />
|Those (ones) are my friends.<br />
''Choina teikaōnni yohan.''<br />
<br />
𖬐ᐤᛁ𖭑 友⸠ⲅ𖭑ᛁ ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
The adjectival form instead is attached at the ending of the word:<br />
{|<br />
|This cat is white.<br />
''Shinnato chara.''<br />
<br />
猫𖬁ᐤ 白.<br />
|That pencil is mine.<br />
''Enpisso naiyo yora.''<br />
<br />
鉛筆𖬖ᐤ 𖭑꜉ꓩ𖬮 ꓩ𖬮𖬬.<br />
|That friend lives in Riyatoma.<br />
''Teikaocho Riyatoman paera.''<br />
<br />
友𖬐ᐤ <bdi>追庥</bdi>ᐢ 住𖬬.<br />
|-<br />
|These cats are white.<br />
''Shinnaāntoi charahan.''<br />
<br />
猫⸠ᐢ𖬁ᐤᛁ 白𖬨ᐢ.<br />
|Those pencils are mine.<br />
''Enpisshisoi naiyo yorahan.''<br />
<br />
鉛筆𖬖ᐤᛁ 𖭑꜉ꓩ𖬮 ꓩ𖬮𖬬𖬨ᐢ.<br />
|Those friends live in Riyatoma.<br />
''Teikaōnchoi Riyatoman paerahan.''<br />
<br />
友⸠ᐢ𖬐ᐤᛁ <bdi>追庥</bdi>ᐢ 住𖬬𖬨ᐢ.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Numerals ==<br />
===Cardinal numbers===<br />
Izaki language has two different numeral system: the native one, and the Bai-derived one.<br />
;Legend<br />
* Sūzhi (數字) - number<br />
* Kundoku (訓讀) - "kun" reading (indigenous reading prior to the Bai contamination, still used in many contexts)<br />
* Ēndoku (音讀) - "ēn" (Bai) reading (introduced in the 3rd century with the Bai characters, and main way of counting)<br />
* Daipo - shortened form (used when making compounds and with element counters that require the kun reading)<br />
* Byakuzhi (百字) - Ideogram (some numbers have more than one form)<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Sūzhi<br />
!Kundoku<br />
!Ēndoku<br />
!Daipo<br />
!Byakuzhi<br />
|-<br />
|0<br />
|dzèro / janna<br />
|ryen<br />
|<nowiki>-</nowiki><br />
|零<br />
|-<br />
|1<br />
|hatta<br />
|is<br />
|han-<br />
|壱/一<br />
|-<br />
|2<br />
|kana<br />
|ni<br />
|kan-<br />
|弐/二<br />
|-<br />
|3<br />
|shobe<br />
|san<br />
|sho-<br />
|参/三<br />
|-<br />
|4<br />
|tās<br />
|tsi<br />
|tās-<br />
|四<br />
|-<br />
|5<br />
|oriba<br />
|yo<br />
|ori-<br />
|五<br />
|-<br />
|6<br />
|tsonaha<br />
|nuku<br />
|tson-<br />
|六<br />
|-<br />
|7<br />
|doigi<br />
|chis<br />
|doi-<br />
|七<br />
|-<br />
|8<br />
|yeison<br />
|pas<br />
|yei-<br />
|八<br />
|-<br />
|9<br />
|taguken<br />
|ku<br />
|tak-/-taken<br />
|九<br />
|-<br />
|10<br />
|kiba<br />
|shū<br />
|kin-<br />
|拾/十<br />
|-<br />
|11<br />
|kinnan<br />
|shūis<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|12<br />
|kinkan<br />
|shūni<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|13<br />
|kinsho<br />
|shūsan<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|14<br />
|kintās<br />
|shūtsi<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|15<br />
|kinnori<br />
|shūyo<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|16<br />
|kintson<br />
|shūnuku<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|17<br />
|kindoi<br />
|shūchis<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|18<br />
|kinnyei<br />
|shūpas<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|19<br />
|kintaken<br />
|shūku<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|20<br />
|kankiba<br />
|nishū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|30<br />
|shokiba<br />
|sanshū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|40<br />
|tāskiba<br />
|tsishū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|50<br />
|orikiba<br />
|yoshū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|60<br />
|tsonkiba<br />
|nukushū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|70<br />
|doikiba<br />
|chisshū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|80<br />
|yeikiba<br />
|passhū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|90<br />
|takkiba<br />
|kushū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|100<br />
|rae<br />
|pyaku<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|532<br />
|ollaeshokibakan<br />
|yopyakusanshūni<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|1000<br />
|kitua<br />
|sen<br />
|kitu<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|8726<br />
|yeikitudoiraekankibatson<br />
|passenchispyaku-nishūnuku<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|10000<br />
| -<br />
|man<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|524.998<br />
| -<br />
|yoshūniman-passenkupyaku-kushūpas<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Ordinal numbers===<br />
There are two ways of making ordinal numbers:<br />
# Prefix 第~ (zhei)<br />
# Suffix ~番 (ban, or pan if the previous number ends by consonant)<br />
<br />
'Examples':<br />
* 第三回 Zheisanhwi (the third time)<br />
* 17番 Shūchispan (17th)<br />
<br />
=== Object counters ===<br />
<br />
To count specific object or people, special classificators have to be used together with a numbering system. Some of them prefer native Izaki numbers (shortened form) while some others prefer the Bai numerals. There is no rule, so it comes easier to rember each of them. <br />
<br />
;Main counters working with native numerals<br />
<br />
*Animals: nau 獣/𖭑'𐐢<br />
*Inanimate objects: gi 𖬭𖬰ᛁ<br />
*Plants: tare 植/𖬁𖬬ɭ<br />
*People: ri 人<br />
*Machines: ki 機<br />
*Books: tsul 冊/𖬑𐐢ᐡ<br />
*Drinks and cups: chae 杯<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Number<br />
!Animals<br />
!In. Obj.<br />
!People<br />
!Machine<br />
!Books<br />
!Drinks<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|1<br />
|hannau<br />
|hangi<br />
|hanli<br />
|hanki<br />
|hantsul<br />
|hanchae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|2<br />
|kannau<br />
|kangi<br />
|kanli<br />
|kanki<br />
|kantsul<br />
|kanchae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|3<br />
|shonau<br />
|shogi<br />
|shori<br />
|shoki<br />
|shotsuk<br />
|shochae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|4<br />
|tāsnau<br />
|tāski<br />
|tāsli<br />
|tāski<br />
|tāhsul<br />
|tāschae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|5<br />
|orinau<br />
|origi<br />
|oriri<br />
|oriki<br />
|oritsul<br />
|orichae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|6<br />
|tsonnau<br />
|tsonaki<br />
|tsonari<br />
|tsonaki<br />
|tsonatsul<br />
|tsonachae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|7<br />
|doinau<br />
|doiki<br />
|doiri<br />
|doiki<br />
|doitsul<br />
|doichae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|8<br />
|yeinau<br />
|yeiki<br />
|yeiri<br />
|yeiki<br />
|yeitsul<br />
|yeichae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|9<br />
|tannau<br />
|takki<br />
|tanli<br />
|takki<br />
|tahtsul<br />
|tacchae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|10<br />
|kinnau<br />
|kinki<br />
|kinli<br />
|kinki<br />
|kintsul<br />
|kinchae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|11<br />
|shūinnau<br />
|shūiski<br />
|shūisli<br />
|shūiski<br />
|shūihsul<br />
|shūischae<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
;Main counters working with Bai numerals<br />
<br />
* Times: hwi 回<br />
* Floors (in a building): sūn 層<br />
* Degrees: do 度<br />
* Number of days: nis 日<br />
* Flat objects: chān 張<br />
* Cylindrical objects, trains, movies: pon 本 <br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|Number<br />
|Times<br />
|Floors<br />
|Degrees<br />
|Days<br />
|Flat objects<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|1<br />
|isshwi<br />
|issūn<br />
|isto<br />
|isnis<br />
|ischān <br />
|ispon<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|2<br />
|nihwi<br />
|nisūn<br />
|nido<br />
|ninis<br />
|nichān <br />
|nipon<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|3<br />
|sanhwi<br />
|sansūn<br />
|sando<br />
|sannis<br />
|sanchān <br />
|sanbon<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|4<br />
|tsihwi<br />
|tsisūn<br />
|tsido<br />
|tsinis<br />
|tsichān <br />
|tsipon<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|5<br />
|yohwi<br />
|yosūn<br />
|yodo<br />
|yonis<br />
|yochān <br />
|yopon<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|6<br />
|nukkwi<br />
|nukusūn<br />
|nukudo<br />
|nukunis<br />
|nukuchān <br />
|nukupon<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|7<br />
|chisshwi<br />
|chissūn<br />
|chisto<br />
|chisnis<br />
|chischān <br />
|chispon<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|8<br />
|passhwi<br />
|passūn<br />
|pasto<br />
|pasnis<br />
|paschān <br />
|paspon<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|9<br />
|kuhwi<br />
|kusūn<br />
|kudo<br />
|kunis<br />
|kuchān <br />
|kupon<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|10<br />
|shūhwi<br />
|shūsūn<br />
|shūdo<br />
|shūnis<br />
|shūchān <br />
|shūpon<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|11<br />
|shūisshwi<br />
|shūissūn<br />
|shūisto<br />
|shūisnis<br />
|shūischān <br />
|shūispon<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Dates ===<br />
Typically the order for dates is YYYY-MM-DD. Dates are formulated with the number followed by 年(nyen), 月 (wes), 日 (nis). The numeral takes the Bai reading.<br />
<br />
* 1958年3月21日 : Senkupyakuyoshūpasnyen Sannwes Nishūisnis <br />
* 2023年6月10日: Nisennishūsannen Nukuwes Shūnis<br />
<br />
==== Days of the month====<br />
Days of the month also have an Izaki native form with the pure numerals (with some irregularities) tsofollowed by (日 / ka) until day 10 (after which, the Bay version takes over. When dates are complete (YYYY-MM-DD) the Bai reading is used, while the Izaki reading prevails when we need to mention just the day of the month in the middle of a conversation.<br />
<br />
* 1日 hanaka<br />
* 2日 kanaka<br />
* 3日 shobeka<br />
* 4日 tāska<br />
* 5日 oryeka<br />
* 6日 tsonahka<br />
* 7日 doikka / doigika<br />
* 8日 yeisonka<br />
* 9日 takugenka / tōkenka<br />
* 10日 kibaka<br />
<br />
==== Weekdays====<br />
* Monday: 月曜日 wesshonis<br />
* Tuesday: 火曜日 hayonis<br />
* Wednesday: 週中日 chujunis<br />
* Thursday: 木曜日 mukuyonis<br />
* Friday: 金曜日 kinnyonis<br />
* Saturday: 土曜日 toyonis<br />
* Sunday: 日曜日 nisshonis<br />
<br />
==== Months====<br />
In Izaki there are two versions to call the months: the Bai-imported one (the most used one), and the native Izaki one.<br />
<br />
;Bai Months<br />
* January: 一月 isswes<br />
* February: 二月 niwes<br />
* March: 三月 sannwes<br />
* April: 四月 tsiwes<br />
* May: 五月 yowes<br />
* June: 六月 nukuwes<br />
* July: 七月 chisswes<br />
* August: 八月 passwes<br />
* September: 九月 kuwes<br />
* October: 十月 shūwes<br />
* November: 十一月 shūisswes<br />
* December: 十二月 shūniwes<br />
<br />
==Adjectives==<br />
<br />
Adjectives in the Izaki language are essential for describing and modifying nouns. They can be categorized into two main groups: Verbal adjectives and substantive adjectives, each with its unique usage and conjugation rules.<br />
<br />
===Verbal Adjectives===<br />
Verbal adjectives in Izaki incorporate the copula within themselves, making them self-sufficient in sentences. These adjectives have their conjugation system and typically end with the suffix "na," which is always written in askaoza script. Here are some examples:<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+ Some adjectives and their opposites<br />
! Izaki!! Ingerish !! Izaki !! Ingerish <br />
|-<br />
| tepana || good || zushina || bad<br />
|-<br />
| rihana || tall || sosana || short<br />
|-<br />
| nuskana || wide || hyakona || narrow<br />
|-<br />
| kakuina || small || ōdana || large<br />
|-<br />
| pakkuna || red || || <br />
|-<br />
| satsona || blue || || <br />
|-<br />
| asatsana || difficult || issana || easy<br />
|-<br />
| nahana || beautiful || egutana || ugly<br />
|}<br />
<br />
When used in the predicative form, such as in sentences like "The house is big," these adjectives are placed at the end of the sentence, replacing the verb. The "na" suffix is removed, and additional suffixes, if required, can be added. For example:<br />
<br />
* ''The house is big (informal speech):'' Futaka ōda.<br />
* ''The house is big (formal speech):'' Futaka ōdara.<br />
<br />
Here, it's essential to conjugate the adjective according to the number and relationship of the subject:<br />
<br />
* ''I am tall:'' Nai rihan. (𖭑ᐟ𖭐 高ᐢ)<br />
* ''You are fast:'' Sai jakus. (𖬖ᐟ𖭐 速ᒢ)<br />
* ''Are we good?'' Naiha tepanneka? (𖭑ᐟ𖭐 良フ𖭑ɭ𖬭)<br />
* ''Those are cheap:'' Hannu waruhan. (𖬨フ𖭑𐐢 廉𖬨ᐢ)<br />
* ''The houses are big:'' Futakān ōdarahan. (舎։ᐢ 大𖬬𖬨ᐢ)<br />
<br />
However, ofter in informal spoken Izaki, it is possible to conjugate the adjective into the third singular person (which means, just dropping "na") even with plural nouns. <br />
<br />
Eg: The mountains are beautiful: ''Samōn naha'' (山։ᐢ 美)<br />
<br />
=== Substantival adjectives ===<br />
Substantival adjectives, on the other hand, require a verb to follow them when used in sentences. They don't incorporate the copula within themselves like verbal adjectives do.<br />
Usually, these adjectives are based on Bai compound words (so, to be read with "on" reading). Here are some examples:<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! Izaki !! Reading !! English<br />
|-<br />
| 簡単𖭑<br />
| kantanna<br />
| easy<br />
|-<br />
| 複雑𖭑<br />
| pukuzhasna<br />
| complicated<br />
|-<br />
| 便利𖭑<br />
| bīnlina<br />
| convenient<br />
|-<br />
| 不便𖭑 <br />
| fubīnna<br />
| inconvenient<br />
|-<br />
| 有名𖭑<br />
| yumeina || famous<br />
|-<br />
| 親切𖭑<br />
| shinsesna || kind<br />
|-<br />
| 不親切𖭑<br />
| fushinsesna || unkind<br />
|-<br />
| 人気𖭑<br />
| zhinkina || popular<br />
|-<br />
| 可能𖭑 <br />
| kanōnna<br />
| possible<br />
|-<br />
| 無理𖭑<br />
| murina<br />
| impossible<br />
|-<br />
| 大事𖭑<br />
| daishina<br />
| important<br />
|-<br />
| 些細𖭑 <br />
| sasaena<br />
| unimportant<br />
|-<br />
| 十分𖭑 <br />
| shūpunna<br />
| sufficient<br />
|-<br />
| 不足𖭑 <br />
| fusokuna<br />
| insufficient<br />
|}<br />
<br />
When in predicative tense, these adjectives need the verb "yosu" (to be) at their end.<br />
<br />
Eg. Your excuses are not sufficient. ''Ihisoīnse fusoku yorahan'' (事訳։ᐢ𖬖ɭ 不足 ꓩ𖬮𖬬𖬨ᐢ)<br />
<br />
==== Attributive Form ====<br />
When an adjective functions as a specifier for a noun, rather than as the predicate, it takes on an attributive form. In the present tense, this is done by adding a "-n" after the adjective stem. In the case of a plural noun, the suffix will be "-han." For example:<br />
<br />
* ''A fast train:'' Jakun dyensha.<br />
* ''A tall person:'' Rihan tamato.<br />
* ''A beautiful scenery:'' Nahan pūnkei.<br />
* ''A pretty expensive car:'' Sorei shumun zhidōnsha.<br />
* ''Good boys:'' Tepahan sertōn.<br />
<br />
Mastering adjectives in Izaki is crucial for effective communication and expression in this unique and beautiful language. Understanding the differences between verbal and substantival adjectives, as well as how adverbs can modify their meanings, is essential for fluency. Additionally, the attributive form allows for rich and descriptive expressions when specifying nouns.<br />
<br />
===Comparative and Superlative forms===<br />
Adjectives in comparative and superlative forms are used to compare and contrast the qualities or characteristics of nouns. <br />
<br />
The comparative form of an adjective is used to compare two or more nouns, indicating which one has a higher or lower degree of the quality described by the adjective.<br />
Examples:<br />
* She is taller than him. ''Hanno hanenti rihaebe'' (𖬨ᐢ女 𖬨𖭑ɭᐢ𖬣𖭐 高𖬒ɭ𖬡𖬰ɭ)<br />
* This book is more interesting than that one. ''Kinotso tsultsounti huunminakoube'' (冊𖬑ᐤ 冊𖬑ᐤ𖬒𐐢ᐢ𖬣𖭐 興味喚𐐢𖬡𖬰ɭ)<br />
<br />
The superlative form of an adjective is used to indicate the highest or lowest degree of the quality described by the adjective within a group or among all possibilities.<br />
Examples:<br />
* Mount Torahashi is the tallest mountain in Izaland. ''Torahashisan Izakin rihajin samo yora.'' (斗砢跖山 華邦ᐢ 高𖬥𖬰𖭐ᐢ 山 ꓩ𖬮𖬬.)<br />
* She is the most talented musician in the group. ''Hanno runomen yusainoonnajin onlakka yora'' (𖬨ᐢ女 団ᐢ 有才能𖭑𖬥𖬰𖭐ᐢ 音楽家 ꓩ𖬮𖬬)<br />
<br />
==Adverbs==<br />
<br />
In Izaki, adverbs play a significant role in modifying the meaning of adjectives and verbs. Here are some common adverbs in Izaki:<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+ Adverbial Modifiers in Izaki Language<br />
! Adverbial Modifier !! Izaki Term !! Example Sentences<br />
|-<br />
| Not particularly, not too much || nehkeu (𖭑ɭᐪ𖬭ɭ𐐢)<sup>1</sup> || This camera is not so good: ''Kamerata nehkeu tepana.''<br>His dog is not too heavy: ''Tentohe nehkeu dayana''.<br />
|-<br />
| Quite, pretty much || sorei (𖬖ᐤ𖬬ᥫ) || Sainđaul is quite expensive: ''Sainđaul sorei shumu''.<br>She is pretty tall: ''Hara shinchān sorei riha''.<br />
|-<br />
| A little, slightly || yaki (𝖩𖬮𖬭𖭐) || This PC is a bit slow: ''Dyennautso yaki naro''.<br />
|-<br />
| Really, absolutely || kelleri (𖬭ɭフ𖬈ɭ𖬬𖭐) || You are really beautiful: ''Sai kelleri nahas''.<br>We are really sorry: ''Nahu kelleri achaikanne''.<br />
|-<br />
| Extremely, notably || pisānnan (非常𖭑ᐢ) || This is an extremely difficult problem: ''Tsona pisānnan teshikin munðai yora''.<br />
|}<br />
* <sup>1</sup>: often used with negative form</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=User:Izaland_Terramorphing_Committee/Sandbox/Izaki_Language&diff=19848User:Izaland Terramorphing Committee/Sandbox/Izaki Language2023-10-15T10:33:05Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: /* Substantival adjectives */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox lang<br />
| name = Izaki<br />
| native_name = 華邦語<br />
| pronunciation = izakigo<br />
| official = [[Izaland]]<br />
| other-regions = South-Eastern Uletha<br />
| speakers = 132 million<br />
| agency = Kanglapolish National Institute of the Katayan Language<br />
| sign = <br />
| dialects = Warohan, Juhuku<br />
| family = isolate<br />
| writing_system = byakuji (百字) and askaoza (𖬮ᒢ𖬭'ᐤ𖬖𖬰)<br />
| script = byakuji (百字) and askaoza (𖬮ᒢ𖬭'ᐤ𖬖𖬰)<br />
| tonal = No<br />
| alignment =<br />
| word-order = SOV<br />
| modifiers = <br />
| noun-cases = yes<br />
| noun-gender = no<br />
| noun-number = yes<br />
| verb-aspect = yes<br />
| verb-mood = yes<br />
| verb-number = yes<br />
| verb-person = yes<br />
| verb-tense = yes<br />
| verb-voice = yes<br />
| adj-cases = no<br />
| adj-gender = no<br />
| adj-number = yes<br />
}}<br />
A brief manual of Izaki language, the conlang under development for Izaland. <br />
<br />
Basically it is a language isolate, however many elements are inspired by Japanese, Korean and Finnish Languages.<br />
<br />
= Phonology - 音声学 =<br />
<br />
== Sounds ==<br />
Izaki language has an average number of consonant sounds, and a limited number of vocalic sounds, making it a pretty easy to pronounce language. <br />
<br />
=== Vowels ===<br />
Izaki has 5 vowels and 2 semivowels. The 5 vowels can have a short or a long sound:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|<br />
|Back<br />
|Front<br />
|-<br />
|Close<br />
|/i/<br />
|/u/<br />
|-<br />
|Mid<br />
|/e/<br />
|/o/<br />
|-<br />
|Open<br />
|<br />
|/a/<br />
|}<br />
The semivowels are /w/ and /j/, and always occur before a vowel. The only exception is the /wjV/ composition, where V is a vowel (mostly /a/), like in the compound /wja/ (業).<br />
<br />
=== Consonants ===<br />
Izaki has 22 consonants, as per the following phonetic chart.<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''↓ Manner/Place →'''<br />
|'''Bilabial'''<br />
|'''Labiodental'''<br />
|'''Alveolar'''<br />
|'''Palato-alveolar'''<br />
|'''Palatal'''<br />
|'''Velar'''<br />
|'''Glottal'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Nasal'''<br />
|m<br />
|<br />
|n<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|'''Stop'''<br />
|p b<br />
|<br />
|t d<br />
|<br />
|c<br />
|k ɡ<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|'''Affricate'''<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|ʦ ʣ<br />
|ʧ ʤ<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|'''Fricative'''<br />
|<br />
|f<br />
|s z<br />
|ʃ ʒ<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|h<br />
|-<br />
|'''Approximant'''<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|j<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|'''Trill'''<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|ɾ<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|'''Lateral approximant'''<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|l<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Syllabes ==<br />
The Izaki phonology is strictly syllable based, and the structure we are going to explain followingly is so strict that also foreign loan words must be adapted to it. <br />
<br />
To better explain the syllable composition, we will divide the different sounds into three categories:<br />
<br />
'''V''': the 5 vowels, short or long (''a, e, i, o, u, ā, ē, ī, ō, ū'')<br />
<br />
'''C''': the 22 consonants (''p, b, k, g, t, d, ch, j, s, z, ts, ð, sh, zh, m, n, l, r, h, f, v'')<br />
<br />
'''F''': the syllable-final consonants (''n, l, s, r, h*, kk**'') - only these consonants can appear after a vowel in a syllable, or at the end of a word. However, no words end by -h.<br />
<br />
<br />
<nowiki>*</nowiki>h: it can be found in the final position of a syllable structure, and appears between a vowel and another consonant. The following consonant will be not voiced<br />
<br />
Example words: ''dahkei'' (cliff), ''zhohtan'' (side), ''nihki'' (coast), ''rihmi'' (county), ''nehkeu'' (too much)<br />
<br />
<nowiki>**</nowiki>kk: the geminated /k/ is a feature of the south-west dialect, and in current Izaki language only appears in the name of the city of ''Kikknās'' (Itakiri Prefecture).<br />
<br />
A basic syllable can be one of the following kinds:<br />
<br />
* '''V''' any vowel, short or long<br />
* '''CV''' any consonant*, any vowel<br />
* '''CVF'''<br />
<br />
Only non sonorant consonants (''k, t, p, s, ts, sh, ch'') and n, l, r can be strong (doubled). <br />
<br />
Example words: ''kaida'' (sword), ''miwa'' (water), ''rekki'' (pen), ''noppo'' (spoon), ''keilo'' (route), ''shihkama'' (whale), ''kamitsas'' (everywhere), ''estinden'' (always), ''jīssu'' (to press), ''yokoku'' (notice), ''jāshiki'' (common sense), ''gūnyū'' (milk), ''hākei'' (total), ''keskwa'' (result), ''wingyōn'' (bank), ''inshēs'' (printing)...<br />
<br />
== Writing System ==<br />
Izaki language writing system is one of the most articulated writing systems, making use of the '''Bai characters''' and an original composed alphabet called '''askaoza''' (邦記, or 𖬒ᒢ𖬭ᣟᐤ𖬖𖬰).<br />
<br />
The Bai characters and the ''askaoza'' are not alternative writing systems, but each of them has a definite role. Basically, Bai characters are used to show the semantical meaning of nouns, verb roots, adjectives etc., while askaoza complements them, allowing variable parts of the speech to be declined or conjugated accordingly. This works basically as in Japanese with ''kanji'' and ''kana''.<br />
<br />
In the first section of our language manual we are going to learn the basics of the ''askaoza''.<br />
<br />
Main features of the ''askaoza'' writing system:<br />
<br />
# One letter corresponds to one sound<br />
# All the letter are by default adjoined with the sound “/a/”. No words in Izaki can start with a double consonant, while certain consonants can follow another one, but their representation is different (see later)<br />
# The other vocalic sounds except for “a” are rendered with a diacritic symbol, on the left or on the right of the consonant. <br />
# Single vowels are shown by a “placeholder” symbol, with the value of /a/ if no other vowel diacritic is present. <br />
# The main letters are unvoiced sounds. The corresponding voiced sounds are marked by a dot on the top. <br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Roman alp.'''<br />
|'''Character'''<br />
|'''IPA'''<br />
|'''Roman alp.'''<br />
|'''Character'''<br />
|'''IPA'''<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="3" |清音 (seion) - unvoiced<br />
| colspan="3" |濁音 (takuon) - voiced<br />
|-<br />
|'''K'''<br />
|𖬭<br />
|/k/<br />
|'''G'''<br />
|𖬭𖬰<br />
|/g/<br />
|-<br />
|'''P'''<br />
|𖬡<br />
|/p/<br />
|'''B'''<br />
|𖬡𖬰<br />
|/b/<br />
|-<br />
|'''S'''<br />
|𖬖<br />
|/s/<br />
|'''Z'''<br />
|𖬖𖬰<br />
|/z/<br />
|-<br />
|'''T'''<br />
|𖬮<br />
|/t/<br />
|'''D'''<br />
|𖬮𖬰<br />
|/d/<br />
|-<br />
|'''F'''<br />
|𖬌<br />
|/f/<br />
|'''V'''<br />
|𖬌𖬰<br />
|/v/<br />
|-<br />
|'''CH'''<br />
|𖬥<br />
|/ʧ/<br />
|'''J'''<br />
|𖬥𖬰<br />
|/ʤ/<br />
|-<br />
|'''SH'''<br />
|𖬔<br />
|/ʃ/<br />
|'''ZH'''<br />
|𖬔𖬰<br />
|/ʒ/<br />
|-<br />
|'''TS'''<br />
|𖬪<br />
|/ʦ/<br />
|'''Đ'''<br />
|𖬪𖬰<br />
|/ʣ/<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="3" rowspan="5" |<br />
|'''H'''<br />
|𖬨<br />
|/h/<br />
|-<br />
|'''N'''<br />
|𖭑<br />
|/n/<br />
|-<br />
|'''M'''<br />
|𖬊<br />
|/m/<br />
|-<br />
|'''L'''<br />
|𖬠<br />
|/l/<br />
|-<br />
|'''R'''<br />
|𖬬<br />
|/r/<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Vowels and consonant joints ===<br />
Let’s take the first letter in Izaki alphabetical order, the “ka”: 𖬭 As it is now, we would read it /ka/, and not “k”, since in Izaki consonants are not stand-alone, and the default value is /ka/.<br />
<br />
What if we want to give it the sound /ke/? In this case we need to add on the right (as this is the rule of the “E”) the necessary diacritic, called, in Izaki, ''tenkun'': 𖬭ɭ<br />
<br />
Thus we know that “𖬭ɭ” will be read as /ke/; “𖬭𖬭ɭ” will be /kake”/ and “𖬭ɭ𖬭” shall be /keka/<br />
<br />
In the same way, we can write either ki, ko, and ku:<br />
<br />
𖬭ᛁ the “i” sound is made by adding a vertical bar<br />
<br />
𖬭ᐤ the “o” sound is made by adding a small circle on the top-right<br />
<br />
𖬭𐐢 the “u” sound is rendered by an umbrella handle shaped element<br />
<br />
Thus we can have these possible combinations:<br />
<br />
𖬭𖬭ᛁ (kaki), 𖬭ᐤ𖬭𐐢 (koku), 𖬭ᛁ𖬭𐐢 (kiku) etc…<br />
<br />
<br />
Let’s take a view to the main Izaki consonants with the 5 simple vowels:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|''Consonant''<br />
|'''A'''<br />
|'''E'''<br />
|'''I'''<br />
|'''O'''<br />
|'''U'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''-'''<br />
|𖬒 a<br />
|𖬒ɭ e<br />
|𖬒ᛁ i<br />
|𖬒ᐤ o<br />
|𖬒𐐢 u<br />
|-<br />
|'''K'''<br />
|𖬭 ka<br />
|𖬭ɭ ke<br />
|𖬭ᛁ ki<br />
|𖬭ᐤ ko<br />
|𖬭𐐢 ku<br />
|-<br />
|'''P'''<br />
|𖬡 pa<br />
|𖬡ɭ pe<br />
|𖬡ᛁ pi<br />
|𖬡ᐤ po<br />
|𖬡𐐢 pu<br />
|-<br />
|'''S'''<br />
|𖬖 sa<br />
|𖬖ɭ se<br />
|𖬖ᛁ shi<br />
|𖬖ᐤ so<br />
|𖬖𐐢 su<br />
|-<br />
|'''T'''<br />
|𖬮 ta<br />
|𖬮ɭ te<br />
|𖬮ᛁ ti<br />
|𖬮ᐤ to<br />
|𖬮𐐢 tu<br />
|-<br />
|'''F'''<br />
|𖬌 fa<br />
|𖬌ɭ fe<br />
|𖬌ᛁ fi<br />
|𖬌ᐤ fo<br />
|𖬌𐐢 fu<br />
|-<br />
|'''CH'''<br />
|𖬥 cha<br />
|𖬥ɭ che<br />
|𖬥ᛁ chi<br />
|𖬥ᐤ cho<br />
|𖬥𐐢 chu<br />
|-<br />
|'''SH'''<br />
|𖬔 sha<br />
|𖬔ɭ she<br />
|𖬔ᛁ shi<br />
|𖬔ᐤ sho<br />
|𖬔𐐢 shu<br />
|-<br />
|'''TS'''<br />
|𖬪 tsa<br />
|𖬪ɭ tse<br />
|𖬪ᛁ tsi<br />
|𖬪ᐤ tso<br />
|𖬪𐐢 tsu<br />
|-<br />
|'''H'''<br />
|𖬨 ha<br />
|𖬨ɭ he<br />
|𖬨ᛁ hi<br />
|𖬨ᐤ ho<br />
|𖬨𐐢 hu<br />
|-<br />
|'''N'''<br />
|𖭑 na<br />
|𖭑ɭ ne<br />
|𖭑ᛁ ni<br />
|𖭑ᐤ no<br />
|𖭑𐐢 nu<br />
|-<br />
|'''M'''<br />
|𖬊 ma<br />
|𖬊ɭ me<br />
|𖬊ᛁ mi<br />
|𖬊ᐤ mo<br />
|𖬊𐐢 mu<br />
|-<br />
|'''L'''<br />
|𖬠 la<br />
|𖬠ɭ le<br />
|𖬠ᛁ li<br />
|𖬠ᐤ lo<br />
|𖬠𐐢 lu<br />
|-<br />
|'''R'''<br />
|𖬬 ra<br />
|𖬬ɭ re<br />
|𖬬ᛁ ri<br />
|𖬬ᐤ ro<br />
|𖬬𐐢 ru<br />
|}<br />
Here are the derived consonants with the different vowel combinations:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|''Consonant''<br />
|'''A'''<br />
|'''E'''<br />
|'''I'''<br />
|'''O'''<br />
|'''U'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''-'''<br />
|𖬒 a<br />
|𖬒ɭ e<br />
|𖬒ᛁ i<br />
|𖬒ᐤ o<br />
|𖬒𐐢 u<br />
|-<br />
|'''G'''<br />
|𖬭𖬰 ga<br />
|𖬭𖬰ɭ ge<br />
|𖬭𖬰ᛁ gi<br />
|𖬭𖬰ᐤ go<br />
|𖬭𖬰𐐢 gu<br />
|-<br />
|'''B'''<br />
|𖬡𖬰 ba<br />
|𖬡𖬰ɭ be<br />
|𖬡𖬰ᛁ bi<br />
|𖬡𖬰ᐤ bo<br />
|𖬡𖬰𐐢 bu<br />
|-<br />
|'''Z'''<br />
|𖬖𖬰 za<br />
|𖬖𖬰ɭ ze<br />
|𖬖𖬰ᛁ zi<br />
|𖬖𖬰ᐤ zo<br />
|𖬖𖬰𐐢 zu<br />
|-<br />
|'''D'''<br />
|𖬮𖬰 da<br />
|𖬮𖬰ɭ de<br />
|𖬮𖬰ᛁ di<br />
|𖬮𖬰ᐤ do<br />
|𖬮𖬰𐐢 du<br />
|-<br />
|'''V'''<br />
|𖬌𖬰 va<br />
|𖬌𖬰ɭ ve<br />
|𖬌𖬰ᛁ vi<br />
|𖬌𖬰ᐤ vo<br />
|𖬌𖬰𐐢 vu<br />
|-<br />
|'''J'''<br />
|𖬥𖬰 ja<br />
|𖬥𖬰ɭ je<br />
|𖬥𖬰ᛁ ji<br />
|𖬥𖬰ᐤ jo<br />
|𖬥𖬰𐐢 ju<br />
|-<br />
|'''ZH'''<br />
|𖬔𖬰 zha<br />
|𖬔𖬰ɭ zhe<br />
|𖬔𖬰ᛁ zhi<br />
|𖬔𖬰ᐤ zho<br />
|𖬔𖬰𐐢 zhu<br />
|-<br />
|'''Ð'''<br />
|𖬪𖬰 ða<br />
|𖬪𖬰ɭ ðe<br />
|𖬪𖬰ᛁ ði<br />
|𖬪𖬰ᐤ ðo<br />
|𖬪𖬰𐐢 ðu<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Diphthongs ===<br />
Besides the main 5 vowels, Izaki language also has s certain number of diphthongs, or gliding vowels, a combination of two adjacent vowel sounds within the same syllable. <br />
<br />
Let’s take a look at some examples: 𐭘𖬭 kya, 𐩪𖬌 fwo, 𐩬𖬖 swa<br />
<br />
There are 8 main diphthongs, rendered in roman alphabet with “y” (/j/) and “w” (/w/), and in askaoza these semivocalic sounds are shown by a diacritic on the left of the corresponding consonant. <br />
<br />
Let’s see how it works with the consonant 𖭑 (n):<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|<br />
|'''A'''<br />
|'''E'''<br />
|'''I'''<br />
|'''O'''<br />
|'''U'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Y'''<br />
|𐭘𖭑 nya<br />
|𐐑𖭑 nye<br />
|<br />
|ᛚ𖭑 nyo<br />
|𐐓𖭑 nyu<br />
|-<br />
|'''W'''<br />
|𐩬𖭑 nwa<br />
|𐩧𖭑 nwe<br />
|𐐊𖭑 nwi<br />
|𐩪𖭑 nwo<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
Example words and sounds:<br />
<br />
𖭑ᛁ𐩬𖭑ɭ niswae<br />
<br />
𖬒ᐤ𐐓𖬬𖬒 oryua<br />
<br />
𐩧𖬭𖬬ᛁ kweri<br />
<br />
𐐓𖬒𖬪ᐤ yutso<br />
<br />
𐭘𖬨Ꮀ𐐊𖬭 hyaakwi<br />
<br />
𐐑𖬒ᛁ𖬖ᐤᐡ yeison<br />
<br />
𖬌𐐢𐐑𖬬 furye<br />
<br />
𖬪𐩬𖬒 tsawa<br />
<br />
𖬖𐩪𖬒𖬨ᛁ sawohi<br />
<br />
𐩪𖬭𖬨ɭ kwohe<br />
<br />
𖬊ᛁ𐩧𖬖Ꮀ miwee<br />
<br />
ᛚ𖬒𖬊 yoma<br />
<br />
𐐓𖬊Ꮀ𖬨 myuuha<br />
<br />
ᛚ𖬮𖬖𐐢 tyosu<br />
<br />
=== Double Consonants ===<br />
The double consonant is possible only with K, P, CH, S, T, N, L, SH, TS, and it is shown by a "^" diacritic symbol on the respective glyph.<br />
* KKA 𖬘𖬳<br />
* PPA 𖬇𖬳<br />
* TTA 𖬁𖬳𖬳<br />
* CCHA 𖬐𖬳<br />
* SSA 𖬖𖬳<br />
* SSHA 𖬔𖬳<br />
* TTSA 𖬑𖬳𖬳<br />
* LLA 𖬈𖬳<br />
<br />
Only the "nn" rendering is different, as it is shown with a diacritic symbol before "NA": <br />
<br />
* NNA ⲅ𖭑<br />
<br />
;Examples <br />
* 𖬮𖬭 taka vs 𖬮𖬘𖬳 takka<br />
* 𖬨ᛁ𖭑ᐡ hinan vs 𖬨ᛁⲅ𖭑ᐡ hinnan<br />
* 𖬥ᛁ𐩪𖬭 chikwo vs 𖬥ᛁ𐩪𖬘𖬳 chikkwo<br />
* 𖬮𐐢𖬖 usa vs 𖬮𐐢𖬖𖬳 ussa<br />
* 𖬮ᐤ𖬇𐐢ᐢ opun vs 𖬮ᐤ𖬇𖬳𐐢ᐢ oppun<br />
<br />
=== Long vowels ===<br />
In Izaki language, vowels can be short or long. This feature has a distinctive value, so it is important to notice when a vowel is short or long. <br />
<br />
In the official '''Sanotari-Idanos romanization system''', long vowels are written with a macron: ā ī ē ō ū, while in the less used '''Tagenas romanization system''', they are just left as a couple of vowels: aa, ii, ee, oo, uu. <br />
<br />
In the askaoza alphabet, to mark a long vowel, the diacritic “Ꮀ” is placed on the right of the long vowel syllable. <br />
<br />
Let’s take a look at some examples: 𖬭Ꮀ kā, 𖬌ᛁᎰ fī, 𖬮ᐤᎰ tō<br />
<br />
There are cases of long vowel in a CVC syllabe. In this case, the diacritic must be placed before the final consonant one: 𖬪ᐤᎰᐡ tsōn, 𖬬𐐢Ꮀᒢ rūs, 𖬨ɭᎰᣘ hēr<br />
<br />
= Greetings and useful expressions =<br />
In the table, some useful words in Izaki<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Ingerish'''<br />
|'''Izaki (romanised)'''<br />
|'''Transcription (Izaki)'''<br />
|-<br />
|Ingerish<br />
|Ingo<br />
|引語<br />
|-<br />
|Yes<br />
|Sā<br />
|𖬖⸠<br />
|-<br />
|No<br />
|Na<br />
|𖭑<br />
|-<br />
|Hello!<br />
|Ānjiwara!<br />
|𖬮⸠ᐢ𖬐𖬰ᛁ𐩬𖬮𖬬<br />
|-<br />
|How are you<br />
|Soi yodeska?<br />
|𖬖ᐤᛁ ꓩ𖬮𖬒𖬰ɭᒢ𖬭?<br />
|-<br />
|Hello (formal)<br />
|Āmajike<br />
|𖬮⸠𖬊𖬐𖬰ᛁ𖬭ɭ<br />
|-<br />
|Hi! (informal)<br />
|Ānji!<br />
|𖬮⸠ᐢ𖬐𖬰ᛁ!<br />
|-<br />
|I'm fine, thank you.<br />
|Nai tepan, dōmas.<br />
|𖭑꜉ 良ᐢ, 𖬒𖬰ᐤ⸠𖬊ᒢ.<br />
|-<br />
|So and so<br />
|tepana, zushina / tenazuna<br />
|良𖭑, 悪𖭑 / 𖬁ɭ𖭑𖬖𖬰𐐢𖭑<br />
|-<br />
|Goodbye!<br />
|Sokkiba!<br />
|𖬖ᐤⲅ𖬭ᛁ𖬇𖬰!<br />
|-<br />
|Welcome<br />
|Witte edeseke<br />
|𐐊𖬮𖬁𖬳𖬳ɭ 𖬮ɭ𖬒𖬰ɭ𖬖ɭ𖬭ɭ<br />
|-<br />
|Please<br />
|Inadeshiyan (indeshan)<br />
|𖬮ᛁ𖭑𖬒𖬰ɭ𖬔ᛁ𐭘𖬮ᐢ (𖬮ᛁᐢ𖬒𖬰ɭ𖬔ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|Thank you<br />
|Dōmas<br />
<br />
Dōmades<br />
|𖬒𖬰ᐤ⸠𖬊ᒢ.<br />
𖬒𖬰ᐤ⸠𖬊𖬒𖬰ɭᒢ<br />
|-<br />
|You're welcome<br />
|Dōmehisatta<br />
|𖬒𖬰ᐤ⸠𖬊ɭ𖬨ᛁ𖬖𖬁𖬳𖬳<br />
|-<br />
|Excuse me<br />
|Karansekeni / Karanseken / Karansee<br />
|𖬭𖬬ᐢ𖬖ɭ𖬭ɭ𖭑ᛁ / 𖬭𖬬ᐢ𖬖ɭ𖬭ɭᐢ / 𖬭𖬬ᐢ𖬖ɭ⸠<br />
|-<br />
|Sorry<br />
|Kuben<br />
|𖬭𐐢𖬇𖬰ɭᐢ<br />
|-<br />
|Good morning<br />
|Tepan allaa<br />
|良ᐢ 朝⸠<br />
|-<br />
|Good afternoon<br />
|Tepan katoo<br />
|良ᐢ 昼⸠<br />
|-<br />
|Good evening<br />
|Tepan seikaa<br />
|良ᐢ 夕⸠<br />
|-<br />
|Goodnight <br />
|Tepan nanshaa<br />
|良ᐢ 夜⸠<br />
|}<br />
<br />
= Nouns =<br />
Nouns in Izaki can be declined in singular and plural forms. There are no genders, as male, female or neuter. All the names are genderless.<br />
<br />
== Plural Formation ==<br />
In order to make the plural form, you need to prolong the last vowel of the name and add “n”. If the name already ends by a long vowel, just a n is added. If a noun ends in a consonant, see the rules. <br />
<br />
=== Nouns ending by vowel: ===<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Meaning'''<br />
|'''Singular (nominative)'''<br />
|'''Plural (nominative)'''<br />
|-<br />
|''water''<br />
|miwa (水)<br />
|miwaan (水⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''fire''<br />
|hunui(火)<br />
|hunuiin(火⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''man''<br />
|suto (男)<br />
|sutoon (男⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''woman''<br />
|natae (女)<br />
|nataeen (女⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''apple''<br />
|sugua (檎)<br />
|suguaan (檎⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''forest''<br />
|tsawa (森)<br />
|tsawaan (森⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''rice''<br />
|konu (米)<br />
|konuun (米⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''freedom''<br />
|jiyu (自由)<br />
|jiyuun (自由⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''nation''<br />
|kukka (國家)<br />
|kukkaan (國家⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|symptom<br />
|byōshō (病症)<br />
|byōshōhin (病症𖬨ᛁᐢ)<sup>1</sup><br />
|}<br />
1: nouns ending by a long vowel will add "hin" (𖬨ᛁᐢ)<br />
<br />
=== Noun ending by consonants: ===<br />
In Izaki, due to phonological rules, words can only end by: -n, -s, -l, -r. Basically to make the plural form, you need to prolong the ending consonant, and recall once again the previous vowel. <br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Meaning'''<br />
|'''Singular (nominative)'''<br />
|'''Plural (nominative)'''<br />
|'''Remarks, exceptions'''<br />
|-<br />
|''surface''<br />
|pyomyen(表面)<br />
|pyomyenne(表面𖭑ɭ)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''law''<br />
|pōrīs(法律)<br />
|pōrīsshi(法律𖬔ᛁ)<br />
|Izaki phonetics do not allow the /si/ syllable, which becomes /ʃi/ (shi). <br />
|-<br />
|''technology''<br />
|gijus(技術)<br />
|gijussu(技術𖬖𐐢)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''wave''<br />
|moigon(波)<br />
|moigonno(波𖭑ᐤ)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''leg''<br />
|huinnon(脚)<br />
|huinnonno(脚𖭑ᐤ)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''fennel''<br />
|totsus(茴)<br />
|totsussu(茴𖬖𐐢)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''insect''<br />
|nās(虫)<br />
|nāssa(虫𖬖)<br />
|If the last vowel of the singular form is a long one (ā,ē,ī,ō,ū), in the plural form it will be a shortened vowel.<br />
|-<br />
|''love''<br />
|saison(愛)<br />
|saisonno(愛𖭑ᐤ)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''docking''<br />
|rul(埠)<br />
|rullu(埠𖬈𐐢)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''God of the Sea''<br />
|kikk(𖬭ᛁ𖬘𖬳')<br />
|kikki(𖬭ᛁ𖬘𖬳ᛁ)<br />
|irregular word<br />
|-<br />
|''moral''<br />
|tekeh(徳)<br />
|tekehte(徳𖬁ɭ)<br />
|irregular word<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Cases ==<br />
Izaki Language operates on 8 cases (格⸠ᐢ ''kakuun''). <br />
<br />
Nouns, adjectives, pronouns and verbs need to be declined in most of the situations.<br />
<br />
# '''Nominative''' (主格, shukaku): the case used for the main subject, or the topic of the sentence. In the dictionary the nouns are in the nominative form.<br />
# '''Genitive''' (属格, zukkaku): to express the possession<br />
# '''Accusative''' (対格, taikaku): the case used for the direct object of a transitive verb<br />
# '''Dative''' (与格, yokaku): the indirect case of a destination recipient (to whom)<br />
# '''Locative''' (処格, shokaku): the case used to express the static position<br />
# '''Allative''' (向格, hyānkaku): the case used to express the direction (to the outside, until)<br />
# '''Ablative''' (奪格, daskaku): the case used to express the origin (from where, from when)<br />
# '''Instrumental''' (具格, gukaku): the case used to express the way or the instrument of an action (with something, using something), and also used to create other expressions using added ending suffixes. <br />
The following tables shows how some example words declinate in the different cases at their singular forms:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Case/meaning'''<br />
|'''Addied stem (-V/-C)'''<br />
|''water''<br />
|''tear''<br />
|''gate''<br />
|''wolf''<br />
|''opinion''<br />
|''day''<br />
|''sugar''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Nominative'''<br />
|''-''<br />
|miwa<br />
|tsokke<br />
|mua<br />
|tsaikis<br />
|wiken<br />
|kato<br />
|satā<br />
|-<br />
|'''Genitive'''<br />
|''add -s/-us''<br />
|miwa'''s'''<br />
|tsokkes<br />
|muas<br />
|tsaikisus<br />
|wikenus<br />
|ka'''d'''os<br />
|sa'''d'''ās<br />
|-<br />
|'''Accusative'''<br />
|''prolong vowel<sup>1</sup>''<br />
|miw'''ā'''<br />
|tsokkē<br />
|muā<br />
|tsaikisū<br />
|wikenū<br />
|katoo<br />
|satā<br />
|-<br />
|'''Dative'''<br />
|''add -i''<br />
|miwa'''i'''<br />
|tsokkei<br />
|muai<br />
|tsaikishi<br />
|wikenni<br />
|katoi<br />
|satāi<br />
|-<br />
|'''Locative'''<br />
|''add -n/-un''<br />
|miwa'''n'''<br />
|tsokken<br />
|muan<br />
|tsaikisun<br />
|wikenun<br />
|ka'''d'''on<br />
|sa'''d'''ān<br />
|-<br />
|'''Allative'''<br />
|''add -r/-ur''<br />
|miwa'''r'''<br />
|tsokker<br />
|muar<br />
|tsaikisur<br />
|wikenur<br />
|ka'''d'''or<br />
|sa'''d'''ār<br />
|-<br />
|'''Ablative'''<br />
|''add -l/-ul''<br />
|miwa'''l'''<br />
|tsokkel<br />
|mual<br />
|tsaikisul<br />
|wikenul<br />
|ka'''d'''ol<br />
|sa'''d'''āl<br />
|-<br />
|'''Instrumental'''<br />
|''see below''<br />
|miwa'''e'''<br />
|tsokkei<br />
|muae<br />
|tsaikiso<br />
|wikeni<br />
|katou<br />
|satāe<br />
|}<br />
1: if the noun already ends by a long vowel, the accusative keeps the same as the nominative.<br />
<br />
2: in the ''genitive'', ''locative'', ''allative'' and ''ablative'' cases ('''strong cases'''), nouns ending by vowel see a change in the last consonant, which becomes a sonorant if originally was k, p, ch, t, f, r, ts, sh. This phenomenon is called sonorisation of strong cases (強格濁音化); <br />
<br />
Eg: ''lota'' (sheet) > ''lo'''d'''as'', ''taito'' (diary) > ''tai'''d'''on'', ''dasa'' (trunk) > ''da'''z'''as'', ''niki'' (tower) > ''ni'''g'''is''<br />
<br />
However, this doesn't happen with double consonants, and when the consonant is preceded by ''h'' or ''s'': <br />
<br />
E.g. ''dahkei'' (precipice) > ''dah'''k'''ein'', ''juska'' (son) > ''jus'''k'''as''<br />
<br />
==== The instrumental ====<br />
The instrumental case can be created using the “vowel progression system”, and the rule is easily observable by each vowel ending words:<br />
<br />
# Words ending in a: add an -e<br />
# Words ending in e: add an -i<br />
# Words ending in i: add an -o (a diphthongization happens, so the word end changes to -yo)<br />
# Words ending in o: add an -u<br />
# Words ending in u: add an -a (a diphthongization happens, so the word end changes to -wa)<br />
# Words ending in consonant follow the same vowel progression rule as above, but the ending consonant doubles<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Meaning'''<br />
|'''Nominative'''<br />
|'''Instrumental'''<br />
|'''Notes'''<br />
|-<br />
|''water''<br />
|miwa<br />
|miwae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''hill''<br />
|oboe<br />
|oboei<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''river''<br />
|sāri<br />
|sāryo<br />
|i+o contract in “yo”<br />
|-<br />
|''color''<br />
|ahiro<br />
|ahirou<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''bear''<br />
|usumu<br />
|usumwa<br />
|u+a contract in “wa”<br />
|-<br />
|''employee''<br />
|shawin<br />
|shawinno<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''beetle''<br />
|tendattan<br />
|tendattanne<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''Sainðaul''<br />
|''Sainðaul''<br />
|''Sainðaulla''<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''life''<br />
|seikwas<br />
|seikwasse<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
''Note'': words already ending with a diphthong keeps behaving the same, except for V+”o” ending nouns:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Meaning'''<br />
|'''Nominative'''<br />
|'''Instrumental'''<br />
|'''Remarks'''<br />
|-<br />
|''lightning''<br />
|sasatsai <br />
|sasatsayo<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''bell''<br />
|akau<br />
|akawa<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''neck''<br />
|kea<br />
|keae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''tusk''<br />
|nekīkei<br />
|nekīkeyo<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''mushroom''<br />
|hingao<br />
|hingō*<br />
|<nowiki>-ao ending names change the last “ao” to “ō”</nowiki><br />
|-<br />
|''port''<br />
|sāreo<br />
|sāreu<br />
|<nowiki>-eo ending names change the last “eo” to “eu”</nowiki><br />
|-<br />
|''glass''<br />
|tassuo<br />
|tassū<br />
|<nowiki>-uo ending names change the last “uo” to “ū”</nowiki><br />
|-<br />
|''actor''<br />
|haiyū<br />
|haiyūa<br />
| -long u ending names just see an added "a"<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Derived cases ===<br />
From the instrumental stem, by adding other particles, you can create some sub-cases. <br />
<br />
# '''Comitative''' (with): -te (''miwaete'', with the water; ''tendattannete'', with the beetle)<br />
# '''Translative''' (to become): - nde (''sāryonde'', to become a river, ''jiyuande'', to become free)<br />
# '''Dedative''' (about): - nkai (''ahirounkai'', about the color; )<br />
# '''Abessive''' (without) -ttan (''saisonuttan'', without love; ''gijussattan'', without technology)<br />
<br />
Another case, the istructive, is made by the dative bases: <br />
<br />
# '''Istructive''' (with the mean of): - hte<br />
<br />
<br />
''Example sentences''<br />
<br />
I live in Sainðaul<br />
<br />
''Nai Sainðaulun paen. (我 作安崎''𐐢ᐢ 住𖬮ɭᐢ'')''<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
The books of the student are in the classroom.<br />
<br />
''Hakuseis kinoon kyoshisun yohan.(学生之 冊''⸠ᐢ 教室𐐢ᐢ ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ)<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Anna ordered two novels.<br />
<br />
''Anna shosessē kantsul chubun teki.'' (𖬮ⲅ𖭑 小説𖬖ɭ⸠ 二𖬑𐐢ᐡ 注文𖬁ɭ𖬭ᛁ.)<br />
<br />
=== Plural cases ===<br />
The formation of the plural cases sees the presence of a thematic "i" inserted between the root of the word and the case ending; the consonant sonorisation doesn't happen:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Case/meaning'''<br />
|'''Addied stem (-V/-C)'''<br />
|''water''<br />
|''tear''<br />
|''gate''<br />
|''wolf''<br />
|''opinion''<br />
|''day''<br />
|''sugar''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Nominative'''<br />
|prolong last vowel and add -n/double the last consonant, and repeat the preceding vowel<br />
|miwaan<br />
|tsokkeen<br />
|muaan<br />
|tsaikisshi<br />
|wikenne<br />
|katoon<br />
|satāhin<br />
|-<br />
|'''Genitive'''<br />
|''add -is/-es''<br />
|miwa'''is'''<br />
|tsokke'''is'''<br />
|mua'''is'''<br />
|tsaikis'''es'''<br />
|wiken'''es'''<br />
|kato'''is'''<br />
|satāhes<br />
|-<br />
|'''Accusative'''<br />
|''add -ita/-ta''<br />
|miw'''aita'''<br />
|tsokke'''ita'''<br />
|mua'''ita'''<br />
|tsaikis'''ta'''<br />
|wiken'''ta'''<br />
|kato'''ita'''<br />
|satāheta<br />
|-<br />
|'''Dative'''<br />
|''add -hi''<br />
|miwa'''hi'''<br />
|tsokke'''hi'''<br />
|mua'''hi'''<br />
|tsaikis'''shi'''<br />
|wiken'''hi'''<br />
|kato'''hi'''<br />
|satāhi<br />
|-<br />
|'''Locative'''<br />
|''add -in/-en''<br />
|miwa'''in'''<br />
|tsokke'''in'''<br />
|mua'''in'''<br />
|tsaikis'''en'''<br />
|wiken'''en'''<br />
|kato'''in'''<br />
|satāhen<br />
|-<br />
|'''Allative'''<br />
|''add -ir/-er''<br />
|miwa'''ir'''<br />
|tsokke'''ir'''<br />
|mua'''ir'''<br />
|tsaikis'''er'''<br />
|wiken'''er'''<br />
|kato'''ir'''<br />
|satāher<br />
|-<br />
|'''Ablative'''<br />
|''add -il/-el''<br />
|miwa'''il'''<br />
|tsokke'''il'''<br />
|mua'''il'''<br />
|tsaikis'''el'''<br />
|wiken'''el'''<br />
|kato'''il'''<br />
|satāhel<br />
|-<br />
|'''Instrumental'''<br />
|''add -i after the singular instrumental''<br />
|miwa'''ei'''<br />
|tsokkeii<br />
|muaei<br />
|tsaikisoi<br />
|wikenii<br />
|katoui<br />
|satāei<br />
|}<br />
Note:<br />
<br />
* When a noun ends by long vowel at its singular form, the plural nominative theme is "-hin", but changes in "-he-" for the strong cases (genitive, locative, allative, ablative) eg: ''fupō'' (illegality) becomes ''fupōhin'' (illegalities), ''fubōs'' (of the illegality), ''fupōhen'' (in the illegalities) ...<br />
<br />
= Personal Pronouns =<br />
The personal pronouns in Izaki language, are the following:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|<br />
|'''Sing.'''<br />
|'''Plur.'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''1st'''<br />
|Nai<br />
|Naiin (exclusive), Nahu (incl.)<br />
|-<br />
|'''2nd'''<br />
|Sai / Kisai<br />
|Saiin / Kisaiin<br />
|-<br />
|'''3rd''' <br />
|Han<br />
|Hannu<br />
|}<br />
The 2nd person gets an honorific form by adding “ki” (貴) as a prefix<br />
<br />
Case conjugation:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Case'''<br />
|''I''<br />
|''You''<br />
|''He/She''<br />
|''We (ex)''<br />
|''We (inc)''<br />
|''You (pl)''<br />
|''They''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Nominative'''<br />
|nai<br />
|sai<br />
|han<br />
|naiin<br />
|nahu<br />
|saiin<br />
|hannu<br />
|-<br />
|'''Genitive'''<br />
|naiyo<br />
|saiyo<br />
|haiyo<br />
|nakiyo<br />
|nahuyo<br />
|sakiyo<br />
|hanniyo<br />
|-<br />
|'''Accusative'''<br />
|naka<br />
|saka<br />
|haka<br />
|naika<br />
|nahka<br />
|saika<br />
|hannika<br />
|-<br />
|'''Dative'''<br />
|nakai<br />
|sakai<br />
|hakai<br />
|naikai<br />
|nahkai<br />
|saikai<br />
|hannikai<br />
|-<br />
|'''Locative'''<br />
|nain<br />
|sain<br />
|hain<br />
|nakin<br />
|nahkin<br />
|sakin<br />
|hannun<br />
|-<br />
|'''Allative'''<br />
|nair<br />
|sair<br />
|hair<br />
|nakir<br />
|nahkir<br />
|sakir<br />
|hannur<br />
|-<br />
|'''Ablative'''<br />
|nail<br />
|sail<br />
|hail<br />
|nakil<br />
|nahkil<br />
|sakil<br />
|hannul<br />
|-<br />
|'''Instrumental'''<br />
|nayo<br />
|sayo<br />
|hane<br />
|nakyo<br />
|nahkyo<br />
|sakyo<br />
|hannwa<br />
|}<br />
The genitive, accusative and dative forms have also a suffix variation which can be put at the end of a noun or as a suffix of a verb:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Case'''<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|'''Genitive'''<br />
|<nowiki>-ne</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-se</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-he</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-nehe</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-nuhe</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-sehe</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-hese</nowiki><br />
|-<br />
|'''Accusative'''<br />
|<nowiki>-ni</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-shi</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-hi</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-nki</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-nhi</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-ski</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-heshi</nowiki><br />
|-<br />
|'''Dative'''<br />
|<nowiki>-na</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-sa</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-ha</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-nka</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-nha</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-ska</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-hasa</nowiki><br />
|}<br />
Note: in spoken language ''hese'' and ''hasa'' often become ''hes'', ''has''.<br />
<br />
=== Genitive suffix ===<br />
My computer: Naiyo dyensanki - or - dyensankine<br />
<br />
His wallet: Haiyo ðaifu - or - ðaifuhe<br />
<br />
Their house: Hanniyo futaka - or - futakahese<br />
<br />
Your smile: Saiyo hamiku - or - hamikuse<br />
<br />
=== Accusative suffix ===<br />
The accusative suffix is used after a verb when the direct object of it is a personal pronoun.<br />
<br />
I call you tomorrow: ''Nai akae nakonshi'' (also ''Nai akae saka nakon'')<br />
<br />
She invited you (pl) to the party: ''Han uiraben chadoisk''i (also ''Han saika uiraben chadoi'')<br />
<br />
I love you: (''Nai) saisonshi'' (also ''Nai saka saison'')<br />
<br />
==== Accusative suffix with reflexive verbs ====<br />
Certain verbs are called ''reflexive'', as the action gets back to the subject. In these cases, the accusative suffix has to be used.<br />
<br />
I get up (I wake up myself): ''Nai tashitonni''.<br />
<br />
He washes himself: ''Han jipehi.''<br />
<br />
They wore up in a hurry: ''Hannu dunese tapukeeheshi''. (eehe is often pronounced “ppe” in the spoken language > tapukeppeshi)<br />
<br />
(due to the repetitive eehe in reflexive verbs in the 3rd plural conjugation, the ēheshi suffix often gets contracted to ppēs, especially in spoken Izaki: “(Hannu) Dunese tapukeppes.”)<br />
<br />
=== Dative suffix ===<br />
The dative suffixes can be attached at the end of the verb. Notice the changes when the verb conjugation ends by consonant. <br />
<br />
He gives me some presents: ''Han kappareita tsotana.'' <br />
<br />
Sanna sent you her ring: ''Sanna tamūhe ronusa''.<br />
<br />
They killed him: ''Hannu sazokeeha''.<br />
<br />
=== Possessing function ===<br />
To express sentences such as “I have something”, the pronoun must be changed in the possession tense, which is as follow: <br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Standard form'''<br />
|'''Possessing form'''<br />
|-<br />
|Nai 𖭑꜉<br />
|Nara 𖭑𖬬<br />
|-<br />
|Sai 𖬖꜉<br />
|Sara 𖬖𖬬<br />
|-<br />
|Han 𖬨ᐢ<br />
|Hara 𖬨𖬬<br />
|-<br />
|Naiin 𖭑꜉⸠ᐢ<br />
|Naira 𖭑꜉𖬬<br />
|-<br />
|Saiin 𖬖꜉⸠ᐢ<br />
|Saira 𖬖꜉𖬬<br />
|-<br />
|Hannu 𖬨ⲅ𖭑𐐢<br />
|Hanara 𖬨𖭑𖬬<br />
|}<br />
<u>Structure</u>: Pronoun in possessive form, owned object, to be verb (conjugated according to the number of the owned thing(s)).<br />
<br />
I have a bicycle: ''<u>Nara</u> jityensha yo. (''𖭑𖬬 自轉車 ꓩ𖬮)<br />
<br />
She has many clothes: ''<u>Hara</u> tasuin chuneen yohan.'' (𖬨𖬬 多𖬮ᛁᐢ 衣⸠ᐢ ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ.)<br />
<br />
You don’t have any pride: ''<u>Saira</u> nashehen euna yona.'' (𖬖꜉𖬬 什⸠ᐢ 誇 ꓩ𖬮𖭑.)<br />
<br />
For nouns different than the personal pronoun, dative case shall be used for the person/object who owns something:<br />
<br />
Kaoto has two cars: ''Kaoto<u>i</u> takamaan kanki yohan.'' (敢斗𖬮ᛁ 車⸠ᐢ 2基 ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ.)<br />
<br />
Has your teacher got a girlfriend? ''Hagiuppaya<u>i</u>se nattaiko yoreka?'' <br />
<br />
= Prepositions of place =<br />
Rule: change the name in the '''genitive''' case, followed by the position particle in '''locative''' case<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+Main prepositions of place '''(位置後付詞)'''<br />
!Meaning<br />
!Izaki<br />
!Writing<br />
!Example (with the words “table” (sawohi) and “” (house)<br />
|-<br />
|In front<br />
|adae<br />
|向<br />
|sawohis adaen<br />
|-<br />
|Behind<br />
|odae<br />
|後<br />
|sawohis odaen<br />
|-<br />
|On<br />
|uino<br />
|上<br />
|sawohis uinon<br />
|-<br />
|Over<br />
|swori<br />
|𐩪𖬖𖬬ᛁ<br />
|sawohis sworin<br />
|-<br />
|Under<br />
|teano<br />
|下<br />
|sawohis teanon<br />
|-<br />
|Below<br />
|kauri<br />
|𖬭'𐐢𖬬ᛁ<br />
|sawohis kaurin<br />
|-<br />
|Next to<br />
|muje<br />
|横<br />
|sawohis mujen<br />
|-<br />
|Inside<br />
|juitte<br />
|中<br />
|futagas juitten <br />
|-<br />
|Outside<br />
|toku<br />
|外<br />
|futagas togun<br />
|-<br />
|Nearby<br />
|haikan<br />
|近ᐢ<br />
|futagas haikanun<br />
|-<br />
|Far from<br />
|nantan<br />
|遠ᐢ<br />
|futagas nantanun<br />
|}<br />
<br />
= Verbs =<br />
All izaki verbs, in the "dictionary form" end by -su (𖬖𐐢), and the part preceding it is the verb stem. <br />
<br />
Verbs are conjugated according to the 6 pronouns and in 5 different basic tenses: ''present, simple past, perfect, future,'' and ''hypothetic.'' <br />
<br />
Before other verb forms can be made one must first take off the infinitive ending from the stem, to which other endings are then added, cf. yuka/su ‘(to) think’ : yuka/ma/n ‘I will think’, yuka/ttu ‘thought’. <br />
<br />
Some verbs have more than one stem, in which case one is formed from the other, e.g. i/su ‘(to) go’ : ike/n ‘I go’ and e/su ‘(to) come’ : ere/n ‘I come’. <br />
<br />
Consonant weakening may affect secondary verbs stems, and we will see the rules in this chapter; e.g. nugi/su ‘(to) clean’ : nuki/n ’I clean‘ (consonant gradation) <br />
<br />
== Verb to be (yosu, ꓩ𖬮𖬖𐐢) ==<br />
''Yosu'' verb is the most important one in Izaki language, as it is needed to create sentences like “subject” is “copula”, or for existence sentences, such as “there is something”. <br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|Personal Pr.<br />
|'''Present'''<br />
|Ing. equivalent<br />
|'''Present neg.'''<br />
|'''Simple past'''<br />
|Ing. equivalent<br />
|'''Simple past neg.'''<br />
|'''Perfect'''<br />
|Ing. equivalent<br />
|'''Perfect neg.'''<br />
|'''Future'''<br />
|Ing. equivalent<br />
|'''Future neg.'''<br />
|-<br />
|Nai<br />
|yo'''n''' (ꓩ𖬮ᐢ)<br />
|I am<br />
|yo'''nan'''<br />
|yo'''in'''<br />
|I was<br />
|yo'''nain'''<br />
|yo'''len'''<br />
|I have been<br />
|yo'''nalen'''<br />
|yo'''man'''<br />
|I will be<br />
|yo'''naman'''<br />
|-<br />
|Sai<br />
|yo'''s''' (ꓩ𖬮ᒢ)<br />
|You are<br />
|yo'''nas'''<br />
|yo'''is'''<br />
|You were<br />
|yo'''nais'''<br />
|yo'''les'''<br />
|You have been<br />
|yo'''nales'''<br />
|yo'''mas'''<br />
|You will be<br />
|yo'''namas'''<br />
|-<br />
|Han<br />
|yo (ꓩ𖬮)<br />
|He/She/it is<br />
|yo'''na'''<br />
|yo'''i'''<br />
|He/she/it was<br />
|yo'''nai'''<br />
|yo'''le'''<br />
|He/she/it has been<br />
|yo'''nale'''<br />
|yo'''ma'''<br />
|He/she/it will be<br />
|yo'''nama'''<br />
|-<br />
|Naiin <br />
|yo'''nne''' (ꓩ𖬮ⲅ𖭑ɭ)<br />
|We are<br />
|yo'''nanne'''<br />
|yo'''inne'''<br />
|We were<br />
|yo'''nainne'''<br />
|yo'''lenne'''<br />
|We have been<br />
|yo'''nalenne'''<br />
|yo'''manne'''<br />
|We will be<br />
|yo'''namanne'''<br />
|-<br />
|Saiin<br />
|yo'''sse''' (ꓩ𖬮𖬖𖬳ɭ)<br />
|You are<br />
|yo'''nasse'''<br />
|yo'''isse'''<br />
|You were<br />
|yo'''naisse'''<br />
|yo'''lesse'''<br />
|You have been<br />
|yo'''nalesse'''<br />
|yo'''masse'''<br />
|You will be<br />
|yo'''namasse'''<br />
|-<br />
|Hannu<br />
|yo'''han''' (ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ)<br />
|They are<br />
|yo'''nahan'''<br />
|yo'''ihan'''<br />
|They were<br />
|yo'''naihan'''<br />
|yo'''lehan'''<br />
|They have been<br />
|yo'''nalehan'''<br />
|yo'''mahan'''<br />
|They will be<br />
|yo'''namahan'''<br />
|}<br />
As one can see, the conjugation rule is easy: '''-n''' for the first person, '''-s''' for the second, just the verb stem for the third. <br />
<br />
For the plural pronouns, you add “'''-nne'''” for “we”, “'''-sse'''” for you (plural), and “'''-han'''” for they.<br />
<br />
To create the negative form, just add “na” after the stem, and conjugate accordingly.<br />
<br />
For the simple past, add the past theme “i” after the stem, for the simple past negative, add “nai”, for the perfect add "le", and for the future add "ma" (note that the negative stem "na" has the priority in closeness to the verb stem when other suffixes are added). <br />
<br />
<br />
''Example sentences''<br />
<br />
I am a man ( I - man - am): ''Nai suto yon'' (我ᛁ 男 ꓩ𖬮ᐢ)<br />
<br />
They are doctors. (They - doctor - s - are) ''Hannu satsaan yohan.'' (他ⲅ𖭑𐐢 博⸠ᐢ ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ)<br />
<br />
There was a bird in the house. (House - in - bird - was) ''Futakan fuwo yoi.'' (舎ᐢ 鳥 ꓩ𖬮ᛁ)<br />
<br />
<br />
For the formal form of the verb, used when talking about yourself, or in general, to people who are not your acquaintances, or in situations requiring medium formality, the suffix “ra” (𖬬) has to be added before the person ending. <br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|Personal Pr.<br />
|'''Present'''<br />
|'''Present negative'''<br />
|'''Simple past'''<br />
|'''Simple past negative'''<br />
|-<br />
|Nai<br />
|yora'''n'''<br />
|yo'''naran'''<br />
|yo'''iran'''<br />
|yo'''nairan'''<br />
|-<br />
|Sai<br />
|yora'''s'''<br />
|yo'''naras'''<br />
|yo'''iras'''<br />
|yo'''nairas'''<br />
|-<br />
|Han<br />
|yora<br />
|yo'''nara'''<br />
|yo'''ira'''<br />
|yo'''naira'''<br />
|-<br />
|Naiin<br />
|yora'''nne'''<br />
|yo'''naranne'''<br />
|yo'''iranne'''<br />
|yo'''nairanne'''<br />
|-<br />
|Saiin<br />
|yora'''sse'''<br />
|yo'''narasse'''<br />
|yo'''irasse'''<br />
|yo'''nairasse'''<br />
|-<br />
|Hannu<br />
|yora'''han'''<br />
|yo'''narahan'''<br />
|yo'''irahan'''<br />
|yo'''nairahan'''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
''Example sentences''<br />
<br />
I am a teacher (formal): ''Nai hagiuppaya yoran''. (我ᛁ 教𖬮𐐢𖬇𖬳者 ꓩ𖬮𖬬ᐢ)<br />
<br />
Are you a researcher?: ''Kisai kenkyunsha yoraska?'' (貴你ᛁ 研究者 ꓩ𖬮𖬬ᒢ𖬭?)<br />
<br />
<br />
The aspect suffixes seen so far observe the following preferential order: (stem)-na-(aspect suffix)-ra-(personal ending)-ka<br />
<br />
== Other verbs ==<br />
Izaki verbs can be divided in three groups, according to their ending:<br />
<br />
# Ending by CV + su ('''Group 1''') (as ''ka<u>da</u>su, na<u>ko</u>su, shi<u>ro</u>su'' etc...)<br />
# Ending by VV + su ('''Group 2''') (as ''m<u>oa</u>su, <u>ei</u>su, jing<u>oa</u>su'' etc...)<br />
# Ending by consonant (n, s, l, r, k, h) + su ('''Group 3''') (as ''ode<u>n</u>su, kichoa<u>r</u>su, ma<u>h</u>su,'' etc...)<br />
<br />
=== Present tense ===<br />
<br />
==== Group 1 ====<br />
Verbs of this group always end with -asu, -esu, -isu, -osu, -usu. The vowel before “su” is always a short vowel. <br />
<br />
Note that verbs show a phenomenon similar to that of the nouns' sonorization. In this case, the last consonant before the suffix -su, if a sonorant consonant (g, b, d, z, zh, dz, j), becomes voiceless (k, p, t, s, sh, ts, ch). <br />
<br />
This phenomenon is called "purification" (清音化, ''seionkwa''). See how the following verbs' stem changes accordingly (this is called "weak stem" 弱体 (''zhakuche'')): <br />
<br />
* kadasu (to arrive) kada → ka'''t'''a- <br />
* nugisu (to clean) nugi → nu'''k'''i- <br />
* nebusu (to cook) nebu → ne'''p'''u- <br />
* dagasu (to cut) daga → da'''k'''a- <br />
* sebusu (to finish) sebu → se'''p'''u- <br />
* gindasu (to put) ginda → gin'''t'''a- <br />
* rigusu (to run) rigu → ri'''k'''u- <br />
* wazasu (to divide) waza → wa'''s'''a- <br />
<br />
However, these kind of verbs have two kind of stem: a weak one (which sees this phenomenon) and a strong one (where the sonorant consonant does not change). In general, the weak stem is used to make the simple present, the simple past and the hypotetic tenses, while the strong stem is used to make perfect, future, situative, and participle.<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|<br />
|''To get up''<br />
|''To fly''<br />
|''To speak''<br />
|''To run''<br />
|''To ask''<br />
|-<br />
|Personal Pr.<br />
|'''Tashidosu'''<br />
|'''Nulbisu'''<br />
|'''Rihtasu'''<br />
|'''Rigusu'''<br />
|'''Kieresu'''<br />
|-<br />
|''Nai''<br />
|tashiton<br />
|nulbin<br />
|rihtan<br />
|rikun<br />
|kieren<br />
|-<br />
|''Sai''<br />
|tashitos<br />
|nulbis<br />
|rihtas<br />
|rikus<br />
|kieres<br />
|-<br />
|''Han''<br />
|tashito<br />
|nulbi<br />
|rihta<br />
|riku<br />
|kiere<br />
|-<br />
|''Naiin''<br />
|tashitonne<br />
|nulbinne<br />
|rihtanne<br />
|rikunne<br />
|kierenne<br />
|-<br />
|''Saiin''<br />
|tashitosse<br />
|nulbisse<br />
|rihtasse<br />
|rikusse<br />
|kieresse<br />
|-<br />
|''Hannu''<br />
|tashitohan<br />
|nulbihan<br />
|rihtahan<br />
|rikuhan<br />
|kierehan<br />
|}<br />
You can notice the personal pronoun endings:<br />
<br />
# -n<br />
# -s<br />
# verb stem (just drop “su”, and apply the weak stem, if applicable)<br />
# -nne<br />
# -sse<br />
# -han<br />
<br />
<br />
''Example sentences''<br />
<br />
She speaks Izaki: ''Han izakii rihta''. (彼 華邦語⸠ 話𖬁)<br />
<br />
We run to our house. ''Naiin futakarnehe rigunne''. (我ᛁ⸠ᐢ 舎ᣗ𖭑ɭ𖬨ɭ 走𖬭𖬰𐐢ⲅ𖭑ɭ)<br />
<br />
Mr. Rihasamo asks (to her) her name. ''Rihasamo tana nakoriihe kierera,'' (高山 殿 名ᛁ⸠𖬨ɭ 尋𖬬ɭ𖬬)<br />
<br />
==== Group 2 ====<br />
Verbs of this group always end by -asu, -esu, -isu, -osu, -usu. Before the suffix “su” there is a long vowel or two vowels. The present tense is basically the same as the group 1.<br />
<br />
Note that these verbs only have strong stems (no consonant degradation happens)<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|<br />
|''To drink''<br />
|''To hit''<br />
|''To rotate''<br />
|''To open''<br />
|''To start''<br />
|-<br />
|Personal Pr.<br />
|'''Eisu'''<br />
|'''Seosu'''<br />
|'''Minbaesu'''<br />
|'''Muiyasu'''<br />
|'''Pwikausu'''<br />
|-<br />
|''Nai''<br />
|Ein<br />
|seon<br />
|minbaen<br />
|muiyan<br />
|pwikaun<br />
|-<br />
|''Sai''<br />
|Eis<br />
|seos<br />
|minbaes<br />
|muiyas<br />
|pwikaus<br />
|-<br />
|''Han''<br />
|Ei<br />
|seo<br />
|minbae<br />
|muiya<br />
|pwikau<br />
|-<br />
|''Naiin''<br />
|Einne<br />
|seonne<br />
|minbaenne<br />
|muiyanne<br />
|pwikaunne<br />
|-<br />
|''Saiin''<br />
|Eisse<br />
|seosse<br />
|minbaesse<br />
|muiyasse<br />
|pwikausse<br />
|-<br />
|''Hannu''<br />
|Eihan<br />
|seohan<br />
|minbaehan<br />
|muiyahan<br />
|pwikauhan<br />
|}<br />
You can notice the personal pronoun endings:<br />
<br />
# -n<br />
# -s<br />
# verb stem (no suffix)<br />
# -nne<br />
# -sse<br />
# -han<br />
<br />
<br />
''Example sentences''<br />
<br />
Who opens the window? ''Naga tekaa muiyaraka?'' (誰 窓⸠ 開𐭘𖬮𖬬𖬭)<br />
<br />
When do you start the game? ''Estin appii pwikauraska?'' (𖬮ɭᒢ𖬁ᛁᐢ 娯⸠ 始𖬮𐐢𖬬ᒢ𖬭)<br />
<br />
They rotate the handle. ''Hannu rimeroo minbaerahan.'' (他ⲅ𖭑𐐢 舵⸠ 回𖬮ɭ𖬬𖬨ᐢ)<br />
<br />
==== Group 3 ====<br />
The verbs in this group end by "-su", preceded by a consonant that usually is n, s, and sometimes h, k (rare), l, r. To conjugate this group verbs, it is necessary to check which vowel comes before the consonant, and apply the vowel transition pattern. See how the stems change in the examples<br />
<br />
# Last vowel before Csu a: becomes '''ye''' (eg: kichoarsu → kichoarye-)<br />
# Last vowel before Csu e: becomes '''i''' (remember that "si" sound becomes "shi") ()<br />
# Last vowel before Csu i: becomes '''o''' (eh: jīssu → jīsso-)<br />
# Last vowel before Csu o: becomes '''u''' (eg: lendonsu → lendonnu-)<br />
# Last vowel before Csu u: becomes '''a''' (eg: sonomulsu → sonomulla-)<br />
<br />
According to the ending of the verb, each sub-type has the following last stem consonant changes:<br />
<br />
# '''-assu/essu/ossu/ussu''' verbs: asse/esshi/ossu/ussa + personal pronoun endings<br />
# -'''issu''' verbs: isshi + personal pronoun endings <sup>1</sup><br />
# -'''V<u>ns</u>u''' verbs: V<u>nn</u>V + personal pronoun endings<br />
# -'''Vhsu''' verbs: V<u>pp</u>V + personal pronoun endings <br />
# -'''Vlsu''' verbs: V<u>ll</u>V + personal pronoun endings <br />
# -'''Vksu''' verbs: V<u>kk</u>V + personal pronoun endings <sup>2</sup><br />
# -'''Vrsu''' verbs: V<u>ry</u>V + personal pronoun endings <br />
<br />
<nowiki>*</nowiki> V: vowel<br />
<br />
1: -issu verbs, such as ''ogissu'' (to complain) change their stem into "ogissa-" (ogissan, ogissas, ogissa...)<br />
<br />
2: -ersu verbs, such as ''numersu'' (to tow) change their stem into "numerī-" (numerīn, numerīs, numerī...)<br />
<br />
The personal pronoun endings are the same as the other types<br />
<br />
# -n<br />
# -s<br />
# only conjugation stem (the most intuitive way is to cut “-n” from the first person)<br />
# h+verb stem last vowel+n<br />
# h+verb stem last vowel+s<br />
# h+verb stem last vowel<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|<br />
|''To push''<br />
|''To try''<br />
|''To twist''<br />
|''To listen''<br />
|''To scrub''<br />
|''To convince''<br />
|''To paint''<br />
|-<br />
|Pers. Pr.<br />
|'''Jissu'''<br />
|'''Tsurahsu'''<br />
|'''Yokansu'''<br />
|'''Odensu'''<br />
|'''Tederiksu'''<br />
|'''Sonomulsu'''<br />
|'''Kichoarsu'''<br />
|-<br />
|''Nai''<br />
|jisshon<br />
|tsurappen<br />
|yokannen<br />
|odennin<br />
|tederikkon<br />
|sonomullan<br />
|kichoaryen<br />
|-<br />
|''Sai''<br />
|jisshos<br />
|tsurappes<br />
|yokannes<br />
|odennis<br />
|tederikkos<br />
|sonomullas<br />
|kichoaryes<br />
|-<br />
|''Han''<br />
|jissho<br />
|tsurappe<br />
|yokanne<br />
|odenni<br />
|tederikko<br />
|sonomulla<br />
|kichoarye<br />
|-<br />
|''Naiin''<br />
|jisshonne<br />
|tsurappenne<br />
|yokannenne<br />
|odenninne<br />
|tederikkonne<br />
|sonomullanne<br />
|kichoaryenne<br />
|-<br />
|''Saiin''<br />
|jisshosse<br />
|tsurappesse<br />
|yokannesse<br />
|odennisse<br />
|tederikkoisse<br />
|sonomullasse<br />
|kichoaryesse<br />
|-<br />
|''Hannu''<br />
|Jisshohan<br />
|tsurappehan<br />
|yokannehan<br />
|odennihan<br />
|tederikkohan<br />
|sonomullahan<br />
|kichoaryehan<br />
|}<br />
''Example sentences''<br />
<br />
She listens to the new track. ''Han suyon kyukuu odenni.'' (她 新ᐢ 曲⸠ 聴ⲅ𖭑ᛁ.)<br />
<br />
We paint the back of the house. ''Naiin futagas odae kichoaryenne.'' (我⸠ᐢ 家ᒢ 後 塗ꓶ𖬬ⲅ𖭑ɭ.)<br />
<br />
I change my child's diaper. ''Nai mitogosne hucharii puhannen.'' (我 子ᒢ𖭑ɭ 𖬨𐐢𖬐𖬬ᛁ⸠ 変ⲅ𖭑ɭᐢ.)<br />
<br />
=== Negative stem ===<br />
By changing part of the verb suffix, you can create the negative form of the verb.<br />
<br />
Yosu (to be) verb: yonasu (add “na” (無, but usually written as 𖭑) between the stem and the ending). This suffix tends to be in the closest position to the verb stem (weak stem if applicable), before other aspect suffixes. However in certain context, to emphatise a particular nuance in the speech, the order can be changed. <br />
<br />
Examples: <br />
<br />
I sleep: Nai luman; I don't sleep: Nai lumanan - I can sleep: Nai lumadan; I can't sleep: Nai luma'''na'''dan or Nai lumada'''na'''n (the previous form is preferred)<br />
<br />
==== Group 1: ====<br />
Tashidosu > tashitonasu (tashitonan, tashitonas, tashitona…)<br />
<br />
Rihtasu > Rihtanasu (rihtanan, rihtanas, rihtana...)<br />
<br />
Rigusu > Rikunasu (rikunan, rikunas, rikuna…)<br />
<br />
==== Group 2 ====<br />
Eisu > Einasu (einan, einas, eina…)<br />
<br />
Seosu > Seonasu (seonan, seonas, seona…)<br />
<br />
Muiyasu > Muiyanasu (muiyanan, muiyanas, muiyana....)<br />
<br />
Rule: for both groups 1 and 2 verbs, to create the negative stem, just add “na” before the -su ending, and conjugate the new verb as a group 1 verb.<br />
<br />
==== Group 3 ====<br />
Jissu > Jisanasu (jisanan, jisanas, jisana…)<br />
<br />
Tehossu > Tehosanasu (tehosanan, tehosanas, tehosana)<br />
<br />
Tsurahsu> Tsurahnasu (tsurahnan, tsurahnas, tsurahna...)<br />
<br />
Muppuhsu> Muppuhnasu (muppuhnan, muppuhnas, muppuhna…)<br />
<br />
Yokansu > Yokannasu (yokannan, yokannas, yokanna...)<br />
<br />
Chozinsu > Chozinnasu (choziwanan, choziwanas, choziwana…)<br />
<br />
Tederiksu > Tederīnasu (tederīnan, tederīnas, tederīna…)<br />
<br />
Bakkomaksu > Bakkomānasu (bakkomānan, bakkomānas, bakkomāna…)<br />
<br />
Sonomulsu > Sonomūnasu (sonomūnan, sonomūnas, sonomūna…)<br />
<br />
Nyukilsu > Nyukīnasu (nyukīnan, nyukīnas, nyukīna…)<br />
<br />
Kichoarsu > Kichoānasu (kichoānan, kichoānas, kichoāna...)<br />
<br />
Otarsu > Otānasu (otānan, otānas, otāna…)<br />
<br />
<br />
See here the rule in detail:<br />
<br />
- ssu verbs: insert “ana” between the -s ending stem and the -su suffix. In this case, the negative infix is always “ana”, regardless of the last stem vowel<br />
<br />
- hsu verbs: just add “na” between h and -su suffix.<br />
<br />
- nsu verbs: just add “na” between n and -su suffix<br />
<br />
-ksu/lsu/rsu verbs: remove k/l/r, prolong the previous vowel and add “na” before the -su suffix<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
| colspan="2" |'''Verb group'''<br />
|'''Negative particle'''<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="2" |''Group 1''<br />
|na (𖭑)<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="2" |''Group 2''<br />
|na (𖭑)<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="4" |''Group 3''<br />
|<nowiki>-ssu verbs</nowiki><br />
|ana (𖬮𖭑)<br />
|-<br />
|<nowiki>- hsu verbs</nowiki><br />
|na (𖭑)<br />
|-<br />
|<nowiki>- nsu verbs</nowiki><br />
|na (𖭑)<br />
|-<br />
|<nowiki>- ksu/lsu/rsu verbs</nowiki><br />
|long vowel + na (⸠𖭑)<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Conjunctions ==<br />
Being Izaki an agglutinative language, most of the conjunctions tend to be enclitic particles or suffixes directly attached after nouns and verbs.<br />
<br />
=== Coordinating conjunctions ===<br />
Coordinating conjunctions connect words which are the same grammatical type, e.g. words, phrases, clauses. The most common ones are and, or, but.<br />
* ''Ta (𖬁)'' - and<br />
<br />
I like rice and fish. ''Nakai konu ta miwee shintaha.'' (𖭑𖬭꜉ 米 𖬁 魚 好𖬨.)<br />
<br />
* ''Konae (或𖭑'ɭ)'' - or<br />
<br />
Do you want tea or coffee? (tea or coffee, which one do you desire?) ''Cha konae kofi, sone pinnaraska?'' (茶 或𖭑'ɭ 珈琲, 𖬖ᐤ𖭑ɭ 望𖬬ᒢ𖬭?)<br />
<br />
* ''Estin (𖬮ɭᒢ𖬁ᛁᐢ)'' - when<br />
<br />
When is your birthday? ''Oryukatose estin (yo)ka? ()''<br />
<br />
* ''Baki'' (𖬇𖬰𖬭ᛁ) - but<br />
<br />
I can speak Izaki but I can not speak Angerish. ''Izakigō rihtamin baki angerigō rihtaminan''. (華那語𐐞 話可𐐊 但 𐐀𐐊ꓙ𐐠𐐁𐐂𐐓語𐐞 話可無𐐊.)<br />
<br />
* ''Tokkai'' (𖬁ᐤ𖬘𖬳'ᛁ) - although<br />
<br />
Although she had arrived late, there was nobody. ''Han naronke kati tokkai, nagahen yonai. (𖬨ᐢ 晩ᐢ𖬭ɭ 着𖬁ᛁ 𖬁ᐤ𖬘𖬳'ᛁ, 誰𖬨ɭᐢ ꓩ𖬮𖭑꜉.)''<br />
<br />
=== Subordinating conjunctions ===<br />
A subordinating conjunction is a word or phrase that links a dependent clause to an independent clause.<br />
* ''Waste (𐩬𖬮ᒢ𖬁ɭ)'' - because <br />
<br />
Because there are too many people here, let's go to another place. ''Tochi tamatoha tasugureha waste, uren tolor iketān.'' (此𖬐ᛁ 人𖬨 多過𖬬ɭ𖬨 故ᒢ𖬁ɭ, 別ᐢ 所ᣗ 行𖬭ɭ𖬁⸠ᐢ.)<br />
<br />
* ''Nade (𖭑𖬒𖬰ɭ)'' - whenever<br />
<br />
Whenever I am in Warohan I always get a fresh pineapple juice. ''Nai Warohannnan yon nade, estinden karusugushirū moansen<sup>1</sup>''. (𖭑꜉ 深灣𖭑ᐢ ꓩ𖬮ᐢ 𖭑𖬒𖬰ɭ, 𖬮ɭᒢ𖬁ᛁᐢ𖬒𖬰ɭᐢ 松檎汁⸠ 買ᐢ𖬖ɭᐢ.)<br />
<br />
<sup>1</sup> sen: emphatic particle added after verbs with nuance of exclamation<br />
<br />
== Demonstratives ==<br />
In Izaki language there are three main relationships, marked by a theme (singular / plural): <br />
<br />
# Close to the speaker: “to” (𖬁ᐤ) / “toi” (𖬁ᐤᛁ)<br />
# Close to the listener: “so” (𖬖ᐤ) / “soi” (𖬖ᐤᛁ)<br />
# Far from both the speaker and the listener: “cho” (𖬐ᐤ) / “choi” (𖬐ᐤᛁ)<br />
<br />
<br />
The pronominal form (so, when a noun follows) , the demonstrative marker is followed by the suffix -na:<br />
{|<br />
|This is a cat.<br />
''Tona shinna yo.''<br />
<br />
𖬁ᐤ𖭑 猫 ꓩ𖬮.<br />
|Sona teshiki<br />
''That’s difficult.''<br />
<br />
𖬖ᐤ𖭑 難𖬭ᛁ.<br />
|That (one) is my friend. <br />
''Chona teikaoni yo.''<br />
<br />
𖬐ᐤ𖭑 友𖭑ᛁ ꓩ𖬮.<br />
|-<br />
|These are cats<br />
''Toina shinnān yohan.''<br />
<br />
𖬁ᐤᛁ𖭑 猫⸠ᐢ ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ.<br />
|Those are difficult<br />
''Soina teshikihan.''<br />
<br />
𖬖ᐤᛁ𖭑 難𖬭ᛁ𖬨ᐢ.<br />
|Those (ones) are my friends.<br />
''Choina teikaōnni yohan.''<br />
<br />
𖬐ᐤᛁ𖭑 友⸠ⲅ𖭑ᛁ ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
The adjectival form instead is attached at the ending of the word:<br />
{|<br />
|This cat is white.<br />
''Shinnato chara.''<br />
<br />
猫𖬁ᐤ 白.<br />
|That pencil is mine.<br />
''Enpisso naiyo yora.''<br />
<br />
鉛筆𖬖ᐤ 𖭑꜉ꓩ𖬮 ꓩ𖬮𖬬.<br />
|That friend lives in Riyatoma.<br />
''Teikaocho Riyatoman paera.''<br />
<br />
友𖬐ᐤ <bdi>追庥</bdi>ᐢ 住𖬬.<br />
|-<br />
|These cats are white.<br />
''Shinnaāntoi charahan.''<br />
<br />
猫⸠ᐢ𖬁ᐤᛁ 白𖬨ᐢ.<br />
|Those pencils are mine.<br />
''Enpisshisoi naiyo yorahan.''<br />
<br />
鉛筆𖬖ᐤᛁ 𖭑꜉ꓩ𖬮 ꓩ𖬮𖬬𖬨ᐢ.<br />
|Those friends live in Riyatoma.<br />
''Teikaōnchoi Riyatoman paerahan.''<br />
<br />
友⸠ᐢ𖬐ᐤᛁ <bdi>追庥</bdi>ᐢ 住𖬬𖬨ᐢ.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Numerals ==<br />
===Cardinal numbers===<br />
Izaki language has two different numeral system: the native one, and the Bai-derived one.<br />
;Legend<br />
* Sūzhi (數字) - number<br />
* Kundoku (訓讀) - "kun" reading (indigenous reading prior to the Bai contamination, still used in many contexts)<br />
* Ēndoku (音讀) - "ēn" (Bai) reading (introduced in the 3rd century with the Bai characters, and main way of counting)<br />
* Daipo - shortened form (used when making compounds and with element counters that require the kun reading)<br />
* Byakuzhi (百字) - Ideogram (some numbers have more than one form)<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Sūzhi<br />
!Kundoku<br />
!Ēndoku<br />
!Daipo<br />
!Byakuzhi<br />
|-<br />
|0<br />
|dzèro / janna<br />
|ryen<br />
|<nowiki>-</nowiki><br />
|零<br />
|-<br />
|1<br />
|hatta<br />
|is<br />
|han-<br />
|壱/一<br />
|-<br />
|2<br />
|kana<br />
|ni<br />
|kan-<br />
|弐/二<br />
|-<br />
|3<br />
|shobe<br />
|san<br />
|sho-<br />
|参/三<br />
|-<br />
|4<br />
|tās<br />
|tsi<br />
|tās-<br />
|四<br />
|-<br />
|5<br />
|oriba<br />
|yo<br />
|ori-<br />
|五<br />
|-<br />
|6<br />
|tsonaha<br />
|nuku<br />
|tson-<br />
|六<br />
|-<br />
|7<br />
|doigi<br />
|chis<br />
|doi-<br />
|七<br />
|-<br />
|8<br />
|yeison<br />
|pas<br />
|yei-<br />
|八<br />
|-<br />
|9<br />
|taguken<br />
|ku<br />
|tak-/-taken<br />
|九<br />
|-<br />
|10<br />
|kiba<br />
|shū<br />
|kin-<br />
|拾/十<br />
|-<br />
|11<br />
|kinnan<br />
|shūis<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|12<br />
|kinkan<br />
|shūni<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|13<br />
|kinsho<br />
|shūsan<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|14<br />
|kintās<br />
|shūtsi<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|15<br />
|kinnori<br />
|shūyo<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|16<br />
|kintson<br />
|shūnuku<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|17<br />
|kindoi<br />
|shūchis<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|18<br />
|kinnyei<br />
|shūpas<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|19<br />
|kintaken<br />
|shūku<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|20<br />
|kankiba<br />
|nishū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|30<br />
|shokiba<br />
|sanshū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|40<br />
|tāskiba<br />
|tsishū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|50<br />
|orikiba<br />
|yoshū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|60<br />
|tsonkiba<br />
|nukushū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|70<br />
|doikiba<br />
|chisshū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|80<br />
|yeikiba<br />
|passhū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|90<br />
|takkiba<br />
|kushū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|100<br />
|rae<br />
|pyaku<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|532<br />
|ollaeshokibakan<br />
|yopyakusanshūni<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|1000<br />
|kitua<br />
|sen<br />
|kitu<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|8726<br />
|yeikitudoiraekankibatson<br />
|passenchispyaku-nishūnuku<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|10000<br />
| -<br />
|man<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|524.998<br />
| -<br />
|yoshūniman-passenkupyaku-kushūpas<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Ordinal numbers===<br />
There are two ways of making ordinal numbers:<br />
# Prefix 第~ (zhei)<br />
# Suffix ~番 (ban, or pan if the previous number ends by consonant)<br />
<br />
'Examples':<br />
* 第三回 Zheisanhwi (the third time)<br />
* 17番 Shūchispan (17th)<br />
<br />
=== Object counters ===<br />
<br />
To count specific object or people, special classificators have to be used together with a numbering system. Some of them prefer native Izaki numbers (shortened form) while some others prefer the Bai numerals. There is no rule, so it comes easier to rember each of them. <br />
<br />
;Main counters working with native numerals<br />
<br />
*Animals: nau 獣/𖭑'𐐢<br />
*Inanimate objects: gi 𖬭𖬰ᛁ<br />
*Plants: tare 植/𖬁𖬬ɭ<br />
*People: ri 人<br />
*Machines: ki 機<br />
*Books: tsul 冊/𖬑𐐢ᐡ<br />
*Drinks and cups: chae 杯<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Number<br />
!Animals<br />
!In. Obj.<br />
!People<br />
!Machine<br />
!Books<br />
!Drinks<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|1<br />
|hannau<br />
|hangi<br />
|hanli<br />
|hanki<br />
|hantsul<br />
|hanchae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|2<br />
|kannau<br />
|kangi<br />
|kanli<br />
|kanki<br />
|kantsul<br />
|kanchae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|3<br />
|shonau<br />
|shogi<br />
|shori<br />
|shoki<br />
|shotsuk<br />
|shochae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|4<br />
|tāsnau<br />
|tāski<br />
|tāsli<br />
|tāski<br />
|tāhsul<br />
|tāschae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|5<br />
|orinau<br />
|origi<br />
|oriri<br />
|oriki<br />
|oritsul<br />
|orichae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|6<br />
|tsonnau<br />
|tsonaki<br />
|tsonari<br />
|tsonaki<br />
|tsonatsul<br />
|tsonachae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|7<br />
|doinau<br />
|doiki<br />
|doiri<br />
|doiki<br />
|doitsul<br />
|doichae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|8<br />
|yeinau<br />
|yeiki<br />
|yeiri<br />
|yeiki<br />
|yeitsul<br />
|yeichae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|9<br />
|tannau<br />
|takki<br />
|tanli<br />
|takki<br />
|tahtsul<br />
|tacchae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|10<br />
|kinnau<br />
|kinki<br />
|kinli<br />
|kinki<br />
|kintsul<br />
|kinchae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|11<br />
|shūinnau<br />
|shūiski<br />
|shūisli<br />
|shūiski<br />
|shūihsul<br />
|shūischae<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
;Main counters working with Bai numerals<br />
<br />
* Times: hwi 回<br />
* Floors (in a building): sūn 層<br />
* Degrees: do 度<br />
* Number of days: nis 日<br />
* Flat objects: chān 張<br />
* Cylindrical objects, trains, movies: pon 本 <br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|Number<br />
|Times<br />
|Floors<br />
|Degrees<br />
|Days<br />
|Flat objects<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|1<br />
|isshwi<br />
|issūn<br />
|isto<br />
|isnis<br />
|ischān <br />
|ispon<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|2<br />
|nihwi<br />
|nisūn<br />
|nido<br />
|ninis<br />
|nichān <br />
|nipon<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|3<br />
|sanhwi<br />
|sansūn<br />
|sando<br />
|sannis<br />
|sanchān <br />
|sanbon<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|4<br />
|tsihwi<br />
|tsisūn<br />
|tsido<br />
|tsinis<br />
|tsichān <br />
|tsipon<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|5<br />
|yohwi<br />
|yosūn<br />
|yodo<br />
|yonis<br />
|yochān <br />
|yopon<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|6<br />
|nukkwi<br />
|nukusūn<br />
|nukudo<br />
|nukunis<br />
|nukuchān <br />
|nukupon<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|7<br />
|chisshwi<br />
|chissūn<br />
|chisto<br />
|chisnis<br />
|chischān <br />
|chispon<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|8<br />
|passhwi<br />
|passūn<br />
|pasto<br />
|pasnis<br />
|paschān <br />
|paspon<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|9<br />
|kuhwi<br />
|kusūn<br />
|kudo<br />
|kunis<br />
|kuchān <br />
|kupon<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|10<br />
|shūhwi<br />
|shūsūn<br />
|shūdo<br />
|shūnis<br />
|shūchān <br />
|shūpon<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|11<br />
|shūisshwi<br />
|shūissūn<br />
|shūisto<br />
|shūisnis<br />
|shūischān <br />
|shūispon<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Dates ===<br />
Typically the order for dates is YYYY-MM-DD. Dates are formulated with the number followed by 年(nyen), 月 (wes), 日 (nis). The numeral takes the Bai reading.<br />
<br />
* 1958年3月21日 : Senkupyakuyoshūpasnyen Sannwes Nishūisnis <br />
* 2023年6月10日: Nisennishūsannen Nukuwes Shūnis<br />
<br />
==== Days of the month====<br />
Days of the month also have an Izaki native form with the pure numerals (with some irregularities) tsofollowed by (日 / ka) until day 10 (after which, the Bay version takes over. When dates are complete (YYYY-MM-DD) the Bai reading is used, while the Izaki reading prevails when we need to mention just the day of the month in the middle of a conversation.<br />
<br />
* 1日 hanaka<br />
* 2日 kanaka<br />
* 3日 shobeka<br />
* 4日 tāska<br />
* 5日 oryeka<br />
* 6日 tsonahka<br />
* 7日 doikka / doigika<br />
* 8日 yeisonka<br />
* 9日 takugenka / tōkenka<br />
* 10日 kibaka<br />
<br />
==== Weekdays====<br />
* Monday: 月曜日 wesshonis<br />
* Tuesday: 火曜日 hayonis<br />
* Wednesday: 週中日 chujunis<br />
* Thursday: 木曜日 mukuyonis<br />
* Friday: 金曜日 kinnyonis<br />
* Saturday: 土曜日 toyonis<br />
* Sunday: 日曜日 nisshonis<br />
<br />
==== Months====<br />
In Izaki there are two versions to call the months: the Bai-imported one (the most used one), and the native Izaki one.<br />
<br />
;Bai Months<br />
* January: 一月 isswes<br />
* February: 二月 niwes<br />
* March: 三月 sannwes<br />
* April: 四月 tsiwes<br />
* May: 五月 yowes<br />
* June: 六月 nukuwes<br />
* July: 七月 chisswes<br />
* August: 八月 passwes<br />
* September: 九月 kuwes<br />
* October: 十月 shūwes<br />
* November: 十一月 shūisswes<br />
* December: 十二月 shūniwes<br />
<br />
==Adjectives==<br />
<br />
Adjectives in the Izaki language are essential for describing and modifying nouns. They can be categorized into two main groups: Verbal adjectives and substantive adjectives, each with its unique usage and conjugation rules.<br />
<br />
===Verbal Adjectives===<br />
Verbal adjectives in Izaki incorporate the copula within themselves, making them self-sufficient in sentences. These adjectives have their conjugation system and typically end with the suffix "na," which is always written in askaoza script. Here are some examples:<br />
<br />
* tepana (good)<br />
* rihana (tall)<br />
* nuskana (wide)<br />
* kakuina (small)<br />
* ōdana (big)<br />
* pakkuna (red)<br />
* satsona (blue)<br />
* sosana (low, short)<br />
* asatsana (difficult)<br />
* issana (easy), and more.<br />
<br />
When used in the predicative form, such as in sentences like "The house is big," these adjectives are placed at the end of the sentence, replacing the verb. The "na" suffix is removed, and additional suffixes, if required, can be added. For example:<br />
<br />
* ''The house is big (informal speech):'' Futaka ōda.<br />
* ''The house is big (formal speech):'' Futaka ōdara.<br />
<br />
Here, it's essential to conjugate the adjective according to the number and relationship of the subject:<br />
<br />
* ''I am tall:'' Nai rihan.<br />
* ''You are fast:'' Sai jakus.<br />
* ''Are we good?'' Naiha tepanneka?<br />
* ''Those are cheap:'' Hannu waruhan.<br />
<br />
=== Substantival adjectives ===<br />
Substantival adjectives, on the other hand, require a verb to follow them when used in sentences. They don't incorporate the copula within themselves like verbal adjectives do.<br />
<br />
Adverbs<br />
<br />
In Izaki, adverbs play a significant role in modifying the meaning of adjectives and verbs. Here are some common adverbs in Izaki:<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+ Adverbial Modifiers in Izaki Language<br />
! Adverbial Modifier !! Izaki Term !! Example Sentences<br />
|-<br />
| Not particularly, not too much || nehkeu (𖭑ɭᐪ𖬭ɭ𐐢)<sup>1</sup> || This camera is not so good: ''Kamerata nehkeu tepana.''<br>His dog is not too heavy: ''Tentohe nehkeu dayana''.<br />
|-<br />
| Quite, pretty much || sorei (𖬖ᐤ𖬬ᥫ) || Sainđaul is quite expensive: ''Sainđaul sorei shumu''.<br>She is pretty tall: ''Hara shinchān sorei riha''.<br />
|-<br />
| A little, slightly || yaki (𝖩𖬮𖬭𖭐) || This PC is a bit slow: ''Dyennautso yaki naro''.<br />
|-<br />
| Really, absolutely || kelleri (𖬭ɭフ𖬈ɭ𖬬𖭐) || You are really beautiful: ''Sai kelleri nahas''.<br>We are really sorry: ''Nahu kelleri achaikanne''.<br />
|-<br />
| Extremely, notably || pisānnan (非常𖭑ᐢ) || <br />
|}<br />
* <sup>1</sup>: often used with negative form<br />
<br />
==== Attributive Form ====<br />
When an adjective functions as a specifier for a noun, rather than as the predicate, it takes on an attributive form. In the present tense, this is done by adding a "-n" after the adjective stem. In the case of a plural noun, the suffix will be "-han." For example:<br />
<br />
* ''A fast train:'' Jakun dyensha.<br />
* ''A tall person:'' Rihan tamato.<br />
* ''A beautiful scenery:'' Nahan pūnkei.<br />
* ''A pretty expensive car:'' Sorei shumun zhidōnsha.<br />
* ''Good boys:'' Tepahan sertōn.<br />
<br />
Mastering adjectives in Izaki is crucial for effective communication and expression in this unique and beautiful language. Understanding the differences between verbal and substantival adjectives, as well as how adverbs can modify their meanings, is essential for fluency. Additionally, the attributive form allows for rich and descriptive expressions when specifying nouns.</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committeehttps://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=User:Izaland_Terramorphing_Committee/Sandbox/Izaki_Language&diff=19760User:Izaland Terramorphing Committee/Sandbox/Izaki Language2023-10-08T09:36:20Z<p>Izaland Terramorphing Committee: /* Adjective */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox lang<br />
| name = Izaki<br />
| native_name = 華邦語<br />
| pronunciation = izakigo<br />
| official = [[Izaland]]<br />
| other-regions = South-Eastern Uletha<br />
| speakers = 132 million<br />
| agency = Kanglapolish National Institute of the Katayan Language<br />
| sign = <br />
| dialects = Warohan, Juhuku<br />
| family = isolate<br />
| writing_system = byakuji (百字) and askaoza (𖬮ᒢ𖬭'ᐤ𖬖𖬰)<br />
| script = byakuji (百字) and askaoza (𖬮ᒢ𖬭'ᐤ𖬖𖬰)<br />
| tonal = No<br />
| alignment =<br />
| word-order = SOV<br />
| modifiers = <br />
| noun-cases = yes<br />
| noun-gender = no<br />
| noun-number = yes<br />
| verb-aspect = yes<br />
| verb-mood = yes<br />
| verb-number = yes<br />
| verb-person = yes<br />
| verb-tense = yes<br />
| verb-voice = yes<br />
| adj-cases = no<br />
| adj-gender = no<br />
| adj-number = yes<br />
}}<br />
A brief manual of Izaki language, the conlang under development for Izaland. <br />
<br />
Basically it is a language isolate, however many elements are inspired by Japanese, Korean and Finnish Languages.<br />
<br />
= Phonology - 音声学 =<br />
<br />
== Sounds ==<br />
Izaki language has an average number of consonant sounds, and a limited number of vocalic sounds, making it a pretty easy to pronounce language. <br />
<br />
=== Vowels ===<br />
Izaki has 5 vowels and 2 semivowels. The 5 vowels can have a short or a long sound:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|<br />
|Back<br />
|Front<br />
|-<br />
|Close<br />
|/i/<br />
|/u/<br />
|-<br />
|Mid<br />
|/e/<br />
|/o/<br />
|-<br />
|Open<br />
|<br />
|/a/<br />
|}<br />
The semivowels are /w/ and /j/, and always occur before a vowel. The only exception is the /wjV/ composition, where V is a vowel (mostly /a/), like in the compound /wja/ (業).<br />
<br />
=== Consonants ===<br />
Izaki has 22 consonants, as per the following phonetic chart.<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''↓ Manner/Place →'''<br />
|'''Bilabial'''<br />
|'''Labiodental'''<br />
|'''Alveolar'''<br />
|'''Palato-alveolar'''<br />
|'''Palatal'''<br />
|'''Velar'''<br />
|'''Glottal'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Nasal'''<br />
|m<br />
|<br />
|n<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|'''Stop'''<br />
|p b<br />
|<br />
|t d<br />
|<br />
|c<br />
|k ɡ<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|'''Affricate'''<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|ʦ ʣ<br />
|ʧ ʤ<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|'''Fricative'''<br />
|<br />
|f<br />
|s z<br />
|ʃ ʒ<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|h<br />
|-<br />
|'''Approximant'''<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|j<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|'''Trill'''<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|ɾ<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|'''Lateral approximant'''<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|l<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Syllabes ==<br />
The Izaki phonology is strictly syllable based, and the structure we are going to explain followingly is so strict that also foreign loan words must be adapted to it. <br />
<br />
To better explain the syllable composition, we will divide the different sounds into three categories:<br />
<br />
'''V''': the 5 vowels, short or long (''a, e, i, o, u, ā, ē, ī, ō, ū'')<br />
<br />
'''C''': the 22 consonants (''p, b, k, g, t, d, ch, j, s, z, ts, ð, sh, zh, m, n, l, r, h, f, v'')<br />
<br />
'''F''': the syllable-final consonants (''n, l, s, r, h*, kk**'') - only these consonants can appear after a vowel in a syllable, or at the end of a word. However, no words end by -h.<br />
<br />
<br />
<nowiki>*</nowiki>h: it can be found in the final position of a syllable structure, and appears between a vowel and another consonant. The following consonant will be not voiced<br />
<br />
Example words: ''dahkei'' (cliff), ''zhohtan'' (side), ''nihki'' (coast), ''rihmi'' (county), ''nehkeu'' (too much)<br />
<br />
<nowiki>**</nowiki>kk: the geminated /k/ is a feature of the south-west dialect, and in current Izaki language only appears in the name of the city of ''Kikknās'' (Itakiri Prefecture).<br />
<br />
A basic syllable can be one of the following kinds:<br />
<br />
* '''V''' any vowel, short or long<br />
* '''CV''' any consonant*, any vowel<br />
* '''CVF'''<br />
<br />
Only non sonorant consonants (''k, t, p, s, ts, sh, ch'') and n, l, r can be strong (doubled). <br />
<br />
Example words: ''kaida'' (sword), ''miwa'' (water), ''rekki'' (pen), ''noppo'' (spoon), ''keilo'' (route), ''shihkama'' (whale), ''kamitsas'' (everywhere), ''estinden'' (always), ''jīssu'' (to press), ''yokoku'' (notice), ''jāshiki'' (common sense), ''gūnyū'' (milk), ''hākei'' (total), ''keskwa'' (result), ''wingyōn'' (bank), ''inshēs'' (printing)...<br />
<br />
== Writing System ==<br />
Izaki language writing system is one of the most articulated writing systems, making use of the '''Bai characters''' and an original composed alphabet called '''askaoza''' (邦記, or 𖬒ᒢ𖬭ᣟᐤ𖬖𖬰).<br />
<br />
The Bai characters and the ''askaoza'' are not alternative writing systems, but each of them has a definite role. Basically, Bai characters are used to show the semantical meaning of nouns, verb roots, adjectives etc., while askaoza complements them, allowing variable parts of the speech to be declined or conjugated accordingly. This works basically as in Japanese with ''kanji'' and ''kana''.<br />
<br />
In the first section of our language manual we are going to learn the basics of the ''askaoza''.<br />
<br />
Main features of the ''askaoza'' writing system:<br />
<br />
# One letter corresponds to one sound<br />
# All the letter are by default adjoined with the sound “/a/”. No words in Izaki can start with a double consonant, while certain consonants can follow another one, but their representation is different (see later)<br />
# The other vocalic sounds except for “a” are rendered with a diacritic symbol, on the left or on the right of the consonant. <br />
# Single vowels are shown by a “placeholder” symbol, with the value of /a/ if no other vowel diacritic is present. <br />
# The main letters are unvoiced sounds. The corresponding voiced sounds are marked by a dot on the top. <br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Roman alp.'''<br />
|'''Character'''<br />
|'''IPA'''<br />
|'''Roman alp.'''<br />
|'''Character'''<br />
|'''IPA'''<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="3" |清音 (seion) - unvoiced<br />
| colspan="3" |濁音 (takuon) - voiced<br />
|-<br />
|'''K'''<br />
|𖬭<br />
|/k/<br />
|'''G'''<br />
|𖬭𖬰<br />
|/g/<br />
|-<br />
|'''P'''<br />
|𖬡<br />
|/p/<br />
|'''B'''<br />
|𖬡𖬰<br />
|/b/<br />
|-<br />
|'''S'''<br />
|𖬖<br />
|/s/<br />
|'''Z'''<br />
|𖬖𖬰<br />
|/z/<br />
|-<br />
|'''T'''<br />
|𖬮<br />
|/t/<br />
|'''D'''<br />
|𖬮𖬰<br />
|/d/<br />
|-<br />
|'''F'''<br />
|𖬌<br />
|/f/<br />
|'''V'''<br />
|𖬌𖬰<br />
|/v/<br />
|-<br />
|'''CH'''<br />
|𖬥<br />
|/ʧ/<br />
|'''J'''<br />
|𖬥𖬰<br />
|/ʤ/<br />
|-<br />
|'''SH'''<br />
|𖬔<br />
|/ʃ/<br />
|'''ZH'''<br />
|𖬔𖬰<br />
|/ʒ/<br />
|-<br />
|'''TS'''<br />
|𖬪<br />
|/ʦ/<br />
|'''Đ'''<br />
|𖬪𖬰<br />
|/ʣ/<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="3" rowspan="5" |<br />
|'''H'''<br />
|𖬨<br />
|/h/<br />
|-<br />
|'''N'''<br />
|𖭑<br />
|/n/<br />
|-<br />
|'''M'''<br />
|𖬊<br />
|/m/<br />
|-<br />
|'''L'''<br />
|𖬠<br />
|/l/<br />
|-<br />
|'''R'''<br />
|𖬬<br />
|/r/<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Vowels and consonant joints ===<br />
Let’s take the first letter in Izaki alphabetical order, the “ka”: 𖬭 As it is now, we would read it /ka/, and not “k”, since in Izaki consonants are not stand-alone, and the default value is /ka/.<br />
<br />
What if we want to give it the sound /ke/? In this case we need to add on the right (as this is the rule of the “E”) the necessary diacritic, called, in Izaki, ''tenkun'': 𖬭ɭ<br />
<br />
Thus we know that “𖬭ɭ” will be read as /ke/; “𖬭𖬭ɭ” will be /kake”/ and “𖬭ɭ𖬭” shall be /keka/<br />
<br />
In the same way, we can write either ki, ko, and ku:<br />
<br />
𖬭ᛁ the “i” sound is made by adding a vertical bar<br />
<br />
𖬭ᐤ the “o” sound is made by adding a small circle on the top-right<br />
<br />
𖬭𐐢 the “u” sound is rendered by an umbrella handle shaped element<br />
<br />
Thus we can have these possible combinations:<br />
<br />
𖬭𖬭ᛁ (kaki), 𖬭ᐤ𖬭𐐢 (koku), 𖬭ᛁ𖬭𐐢 (kiku) etc…<br />
<br />
<br />
Let’s take a view to the main Izaki consonants with the 5 simple vowels:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|''Consonant''<br />
|'''A'''<br />
|'''E'''<br />
|'''I'''<br />
|'''O'''<br />
|'''U'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''-'''<br />
|𖬒 a<br />
|𖬒ɭ e<br />
|𖬒ᛁ i<br />
|𖬒ᐤ o<br />
|𖬒𐐢 u<br />
|-<br />
|'''K'''<br />
|𖬭 ka<br />
|𖬭ɭ ke<br />
|𖬭ᛁ ki<br />
|𖬭ᐤ ko<br />
|𖬭𐐢 ku<br />
|-<br />
|'''P'''<br />
|𖬡 pa<br />
|𖬡ɭ pe<br />
|𖬡ᛁ pi<br />
|𖬡ᐤ po<br />
|𖬡𐐢 pu<br />
|-<br />
|'''S'''<br />
|𖬖 sa<br />
|𖬖ɭ se<br />
|𖬖ᛁ shi<br />
|𖬖ᐤ so<br />
|𖬖𐐢 su<br />
|-<br />
|'''T'''<br />
|𖬮 ta<br />
|𖬮ɭ te<br />
|𖬮ᛁ ti<br />
|𖬮ᐤ to<br />
|𖬮𐐢 tu<br />
|-<br />
|'''F'''<br />
|𖬌 fa<br />
|𖬌ɭ fe<br />
|𖬌ᛁ fi<br />
|𖬌ᐤ fo<br />
|𖬌𐐢 fu<br />
|-<br />
|'''CH'''<br />
|𖬥 cha<br />
|𖬥ɭ che<br />
|𖬥ᛁ chi<br />
|𖬥ᐤ cho<br />
|𖬥𐐢 chu<br />
|-<br />
|'''SH'''<br />
|𖬔 sha<br />
|𖬔ɭ she<br />
|𖬔ᛁ shi<br />
|𖬔ᐤ sho<br />
|𖬔𐐢 shu<br />
|-<br />
|'''TS'''<br />
|𖬪 tsa<br />
|𖬪ɭ tse<br />
|𖬪ᛁ tsi<br />
|𖬪ᐤ tso<br />
|𖬪𐐢 tsu<br />
|-<br />
|'''H'''<br />
|𖬨 ha<br />
|𖬨ɭ he<br />
|𖬨ᛁ hi<br />
|𖬨ᐤ ho<br />
|𖬨𐐢 hu<br />
|-<br />
|'''N'''<br />
|𖭑 na<br />
|𖭑ɭ ne<br />
|𖭑ᛁ ni<br />
|𖭑ᐤ no<br />
|𖭑𐐢 nu<br />
|-<br />
|'''M'''<br />
|𖬊 ma<br />
|𖬊ɭ me<br />
|𖬊ᛁ mi<br />
|𖬊ᐤ mo<br />
|𖬊𐐢 mu<br />
|-<br />
|'''L'''<br />
|𖬠 la<br />
|𖬠ɭ le<br />
|𖬠ᛁ li<br />
|𖬠ᐤ lo<br />
|𖬠𐐢 lu<br />
|-<br />
|'''R'''<br />
|𖬬 ra<br />
|𖬬ɭ re<br />
|𖬬ᛁ ri<br />
|𖬬ᐤ ro<br />
|𖬬𐐢 ru<br />
|}<br />
Here are the derived consonants with the different vowel combinations:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|''Consonant''<br />
|'''A'''<br />
|'''E'''<br />
|'''I'''<br />
|'''O'''<br />
|'''U'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''-'''<br />
|𖬒 a<br />
|𖬒ɭ e<br />
|𖬒ᛁ i<br />
|𖬒ᐤ o<br />
|𖬒𐐢 u<br />
|-<br />
|'''G'''<br />
|𖬭𖬰 ga<br />
|𖬭𖬰ɭ ge<br />
|𖬭𖬰ᛁ gi<br />
|𖬭𖬰ᐤ go<br />
|𖬭𖬰𐐢 gu<br />
|-<br />
|'''B'''<br />
|𖬡𖬰 ba<br />
|𖬡𖬰ɭ be<br />
|𖬡𖬰ᛁ bi<br />
|𖬡𖬰ᐤ bo<br />
|𖬡𖬰𐐢 bu<br />
|-<br />
|'''Z'''<br />
|𖬖𖬰 za<br />
|𖬖𖬰ɭ ze<br />
|𖬖𖬰ᛁ zi<br />
|𖬖𖬰ᐤ zo<br />
|𖬖𖬰𐐢 zu<br />
|-<br />
|'''D'''<br />
|𖬮𖬰 da<br />
|𖬮𖬰ɭ de<br />
|𖬮𖬰ᛁ di<br />
|𖬮𖬰ᐤ do<br />
|𖬮𖬰𐐢 du<br />
|-<br />
|'''V'''<br />
|𖬌𖬰 va<br />
|𖬌𖬰ɭ ve<br />
|𖬌𖬰ᛁ vi<br />
|𖬌𖬰ᐤ vo<br />
|𖬌𖬰𐐢 vu<br />
|-<br />
|'''J'''<br />
|𖬥𖬰 ja<br />
|𖬥𖬰ɭ je<br />
|𖬥𖬰ᛁ ji<br />
|𖬥𖬰ᐤ jo<br />
|𖬥𖬰𐐢 ju<br />
|-<br />
|'''ZH'''<br />
|𖬔𖬰 zha<br />
|𖬔𖬰ɭ zhe<br />
|𖬔𖬰ᛁ zhi<br />
|𖬔𖬰ᐤ zho<br />
|𖬔𖬰𐐢 zhu<br />
|-<br />
|'''Ð'''<br />
|𖬪𖬰 ða<br />
|𖬪𖬰ɭ ðe<br />
|𖬪𖬰ᛁ ði<br />
|𖬪𖬰ᐤ ðo<br />
|𖬪𖬰𐐢 ðu<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Diphthongs ===<br />
Besides the main 5 vowels, Izaki language also has s certain number of diphthongs, or gliding vowels, a combination of two adjacent vowel sounds within the same syllable. <br />
<br />
Let’s take a look at some examples: 𐭘𖬭 kya, 𐩪𖬌 fwo, 𐩬𖬖 swa<br />
<br />
There are 8 main diphthongs, rendered in roman alphabet with “y” (/j/) and “w” (/w/), and in askaoza these semivocalic sounds are shown by a diacritic on the left of the corresponding consonant. <br />
<br />
Let’s see how it works with the consonant 𖭑 (n):<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|<br />
|'''A'''<br />
|'''E'''<br />
|'''I'''<br />
|'''O'''<br />
|'''U'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Y'''<br />
|𐭘𖭑 nya<br />
|𐐑𖭑 nye<br />
|<br />
|ᛚ𖭑 nyo<br />
|𐐓𖭑 nyu<br />
|-<br />
|'''W'''<br />
|𐩬𖭑 nwa<br />
|𐩧𖭑 nwe<br />
|𐐊𖭑 nwi<br />
|𐩪𖭑 nwo<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
Example words and sounds:<br />
<br />
𖭑ᛁ𐩬𖭑ɭ niswae<br />
<br />
𖬒ᐤ𐐓𖬬𖬒 oryua<br />
<br />
𐩧𖬭𖬬ᛁ kweri<br />
<br />
𐐓𖬒𖬪ᐤ yutso<br />
<br />
𐭘𖬨Ꮀ𐐊𖬭 hyaakwi<br />
<br />
𐐑𖬒ᛁ𖬖ᐤᐡ yeison<br />
<br />
𖬌𐐢𐐑𖬬 furye<br />
<br />
𖬪𐩬𖬒 tsawa<br />
<br />
𖬖𐩪𖬒𖬨ᛁ sawohi<br />
<br />
𐩪𖬭𖬨ɭ kwohe<br />
<br />
𖬊ᛁ𐩧𖬖Ꮀ miwee<br />
<br />
ᛚ𖬒𖬊 yoma<br />
<br />
𐐓𖬊Ꮀ𖬨 myuuha<br />
<br />
ᛚ𖬮𖬖𐐢 tyosu<br />
<br />
=== Double Consonants ===<br />
The double consonant is possible only with K, P, CH, S, T, N, L, SH, TS, and it is shown by a "^" diacritic symbol on the respective glyph.<br />
* KKA 𖬘𖬳<br />
* PPA 𖬇𖬳<br />
* TTA 𖬁𖬳𖬳<br />
* CCHA 𖬐𖬳<br />
* SSA 𖬖𖬳<br />
* SSHA 𖬔𖬳<br />
* TTSA 𖬑𖬳𖬳<br />
* LLA 𖬈𖬳<br />
<br />
Only the "nn" rendering is different, as it is shown with a diacritic symbol before "NA": <br />
<br />
* NNA ⲅ𖭑<br />
<br />
;Examples <br />
* 𖬮𖬭 taka vs 𖬮𖬘𖬳 takka<br />
* 𖬨ᛁ𖭑ᐡ hinan vs 𖬨ᛁⲅ𖭑ᐡ hinnan<br />
* 𖬥ᛁ𐩪𖬭 chikwo vs 𖬥ᛁ𐩪𖬘𖬳 chikkwo<br />
* 𖬮𐐢𖬖 usa vs 𖬮𐐢𖬖𖬳 ussa<br />
* 𖬮ᐤ𖬇𐐢ᐢ opun vs 𖬮ᐤ𖬇𖬳𐐢ᐢ oppun<br />
<br />
=== Long vowels ===<br />
In Izaki language, vowels can be short or long. This feature has a distinctive value, so it is important to notice when a vowel is short or long. <br />
<br />
In the official '''Sanotari-Idanos romanization system''', long vowels are written with a macron: ā ī ē ō ū, while in the less used '''Tagenas romanization system''', they are just left as a couple of vowels: aa, ii, ee, oo, uu. <br />
<br />
In the askaoza alphabet, to mark a long vowel, the diacritic “Ꮀ” is placed on the right of the long vowel syllable. <br />
<br />
Let’s take a look at some examples: 𖬭Ꮀ kā, 𖬌ᛁᎰ fī, 𖬮ᐤᎰ tō<br />
<br />
There are cases of long vowel in a CVC syllabe. In this case, the diacritic must be placed before the final consonant one: 𖬪ᐤᎰᐡ tsōn, 𖬬𐐢Ꮀᒢ rūs, 𖬨ɭᎰᣘ hēr<br />
<br />
= Greetings and useful expressions =<br />
In the table, some useful words in Izaki<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Ingerish'''<br />
|'''Izaki (romanised)'''<br />
|'''Transcription (Izaki)'''<br />
|-<br />
|Ingerish<br />
|Ingo<br />
|引語<br />
|-<br />
|Yes<br />
|Sā<br />
|𖬖⸠<br />
|-<br />
|No<br />
|Na<br />
|𖭑<br />
|-<br />
|Hello!<br />
|Ānjiwara!<br />
|𖬮⸠ᐢ𖬐𖬰ᛁ𐩬𖬮𖬬<br />
|-<br />
|How are you<br />
|Soi yodeska?<br />
|𖬖ᐤᛁ ꓩ𖬮𖬒𖬰ɭᒢ𖬭?<br />
|-<br />
|Hello (formal)<br />
|Āmajike<br />
|𖬮⸠𖬊𖬐𖬰ᛁ𖬭ɭ<br />
|-<br />
|Hi! (informal)<br />
|Ānji!<br />
|𖬮⸠ᐢ𖬐𖬰ᛁ!<br />
|-<br />
|I'm fine, thank you.<br />
|Nai tepan, dōmas.<br />
|𖭑꜉ 良ᐢ, 𖬒𖬰ᐤ⸠𖬊ᒢ.<br />
|-<br />
|So and so<br />
|tepana, zushina / tenazuna<br />
|良𖭑, 悪𖭑 / 𖬁ɭ𖭑𖬖𖬰𐐢𖭑<br />
|-<br />
|Goodbye!<br />
|Sokkiba!<br />
|𖬖ᐤⲅ𖬭ᛁ𖬇𖬰!<br />
|-<br />
|Welcome<br />
|Witte edeseke<br />
|𐐊𖬮𖬁𖬳𖬳ɭ 𖬮ɭ𖬒𖬰ɭ𖬖ɭ𖬭ɭ<br />
|-<br />
|Please<br />
|Inadeshiyan (indeshan)<br />
|𖬮ᛁ𖭑𖬒𖬰ɭ𖬔ᛁ𐭘𖬮ᐢ (𖬮ᛁᐢ𖬒𖬰ɭ𖬔ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|Thank you<br />
|Dōmas<br />
<br />
Dōmades<br />
|𖬒𖬰ᐤ⸠𖬊ᒢ.<br />
𖬒𖬰ᐤ⸠𖬊𖬒𖬰ɭᒢ<br />
|-<br />
|You're welcome<br />
|Dōmehisatta<br />
|𖬒𖬰ᐤ⸠𖬊ɭ𖬨ᛁ𖬖𖬁𖬳𖬳<br />
|-<br />
|Excuse me<br />
|Karansekeni / Karanseken / Karansee<br />
|𖬭𖬬ᐢ𖬖ɭ𖬭ɭ𖭑ᛁ / 𖬭𖬬ᐢ𖬖ɭ𖬭ɭᐢ / 𖬭𖬬ᐢ𖬖ɭ⸠<br />
|-<br />
|Sorry<br />
|Kuben<br />
|𖬭𐐢𖬇𖬰ɭᐢ<br />
|-<br />
|Good morning<br />
|Tepan allaa<br />
|良ᐢ 朝⸠<br />
|-<br />
|Good afternoon<br />
|Tepan katoo<br />
|良ᐢ 昼⸠<br />
|-<br />
|Good evening<br />
|Tepan seikaa<br />
|良ᐢ 夕⸠<br />
|-<br />
|Goodnight <br />
|Tepan nanshaa<br />
|良ᐢ 夜⸠<br />
|}<br />
<br />
= Nouns =<br />
Nouns in Izaki can be declined in singular and plural forms. There are no genders, as male, female or neuter. All the names are genderless.<br />
<br />
== Plural Formation ==<br />
In order to make the plural form, you need to prolong the last vowel of the name and add “n”. If the name already ends by a long vowel, just a n is added. If a noun ends in a consonant, see the rules. <br />
<br />
=== Nouns ending by vowel: ===<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Meaning'''<br />
|'''Singular (nominative)'''<br />
|'''Plural (nominative)'''<br />
|-<br />
|''water''<br />
|miwa (水)<br />
|miwaan (水⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''fire''<br />
|hunui(火)<br />
|hunuiin(火⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''man''<br />
|suto (男)<br />
|sutoon (男⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''woman''<br />
|natae (女)<br />
|nataeen (女⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''apple''<br />
|sugua (檎)<br />
|suguaan (檎⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''forest''<br />
|tsawa (森)<br />
|tsawaan (森⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''rice''<br />
|konu (米)<br />
|konuun (米⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''freedom''<br />
|jiyu (自由)<br />
|jiyuun (自由⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|''nation''<br />
|kukka (國家)<br />
|kukkaan (國家⸠ᐢ)<br />
|-<br />
|symptom<br />
|byōshō (病症)<br />
|byōshōhin (病症𖬨ᛁᐢ)<sup>1</sup><br />
|}<br />
1: nouns ending by a long vowel will add "hin" (𖬨ᛁᐢ)<br />
<br />
=== Noun ending by consonants: ===<br />
In Izaki, due to phonological rules, words can only end by: -n, -s, -l, -r. Basically to make the plural form, you need to prolong the ending consonant, and recall once again the previous vowel. <br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Meaning'''<br />
|'''Singular (nominative)'''<br />
|'''Plural (nominative)'''<br />
|'''Remarks, exceptions'''<br />
|-<br />
|''surface''<br />
|pyomyen(表面)<br />
|pyomyenne(表面𖭑ɭ)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''law''<br />
|pōrīs(法律)<br />
|pōrīsshi(法律𖬔ᛁ)<br />
|Izaki phonetics do not allow the /si/ syllable, which becomes /ʃi/ (shi). <br />
|-<br />
|''technology''<br />
|gijus(技術)<br />
|gijussu(技術𖬖𐐢)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''wave''<br />
|moigon(波)<br />
|moigonno(波𖭑ᐤ)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''leg''<br />
|huinnon(脚)<br />
|huinnonno(脚𖭑ᐤ)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''fennel''<br />
|totsus(茴)<br />
|totsussu(茴𖬖𐐢)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''insect''<br />
|nās(虫)<br />
|nāssa(虫𖬖)<br />
|If the last vowel of the singular form is a long one (ā,ē,ī,ō,ū), in the plural form it will be a shortened vowel.<br />
|-<br />
|''love''<br />
|saison(愛)<br />
|saisonno(愛𖭑ᐤ)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''docking''<br />
|rul(埠)<br />
|rullu(埠𖬈𐐢)<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''God of the Sea''<br />
|kikk(𖬭ᛁ𖬘𖬳')<br />
|kikki(𖬭ᛁ𖬘𖬳ᛁ)<br />
|irregular word<br />
|-<br />
|''moral''<br />
|tekeh(徳)<br />
|tekehte(徳𖬁ɭ)<br />
|irregular word<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Cases ==<br />
Izaki Language operates on 8 cases (格⸠ᐢ ''kakuun''). <br />
<br />
Nouns, adjectives, pronouns and verbs need to be declined in most of the situations.<br />
<br />
# '''Nominative''' (主格, shukaku): the case used for the main subject, or the topic of the sentence. In the dictionary the nouns are in the nominative form.<br />
# '''Genitive''' (属格, zukkaku): to express the possession<br />
# '''Accusative''' (対格, taikaku): the case used for the direct object of a transitive verb<br />
# '''Dative''' (与格, yokaku): the indirect case of a destination recipient (to whom)<br />
# '''Locative''' (処格, shokaku): the case used to express the static position<br />
# '''Allative''' (向格, hyānkaku): the case used to express the direction (to the outside, until)<br />
# '''Ablative''' (奪格, daskaku): the case used to express the origin (from where, from when)<br />
# '''Instrumental''' (具格, gukaku): the case used to express the way or the instrument of an action (with something, using something), and also used to create other expressions using added ending suffixes. <br />
The following tables shows how some example words declinate in the different cases at their singular forms:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Case/meaning'''<br />
|'''Addied stem (-V/-C)'''<br />
|''water''<br />
|''tear''<br />
|''gate''<br />
|''wolf''<br />
|''opinion''<br />
|''day''<br />
|''sugar''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Nominative'''<br />
|''-''<br />
|miwa<br />
|tsokke<br />
|mua<br />
|tsaikis<br />
|wiken<br />
|kato<br />
|satā<br />
|-<br />
|'''Genitive'''<br />
|''add -s/-us''<br />
|miwa'''s'''<br />
|tsokkes<br />
|muas<br />
|tsaikisus<br />
|wikenus<br />
|ka'''d'''os<br />
|sa'''d'''ās<br />
|-<br />
|'''Accusative'''<br />
|''prolong vowel<sup>1</sup>''<br />
|miw'''ā'''<br />
|tsokkē<br />
|muā<br />
|tsaikisū<br />
|wikenū<br />
|katoo<br />
|satā<br />
|-<br />
|'''Dative'''<br />
|''add -i''<br />
|miwa'''i'''<br />
|tsokkei<br />
|muai<br />
|tsaikishi<br />
|wikenni<br />
|katoi<br />
|satāi<br />
|-<br />
|'''Locative'''<br />
|''add -n/-un''<br />
|miwa'''n'''<br />
|tsokken<br />
|muan<br />
|tsaikisun<br />
|wikenun<br />
|ka'''d'''on<br />
|sa'''d'''ān<br />
|-<br />
|'''Allative'''<br />
|''add -r/-ur''<br />
|miwa'''r'''<br />
|tsokker<br />
|muar<br />
|tsaikisur<br />
|wikenur<br />
|ka'''d'''or<br />
|sa'''d'''ār<br />
|-<br />
|'''Ablative'''<br />
|''add -l/-ul''<br />
|miwa'''l'''<br />
|tsokkel<br />
|mual<br />
|tsaikisul<br />
|wikenul<br />
|ka'''d'''ol<br />
|sa'''d'''āl<br />
|-<br />
|'''Instrumental'''<br />
|''see below''<br />
|miwa'''e'''<br />
|tsokkei<br />
|muae<br />
|tsaikiso<br />
|wikeni<br />
|katou<br />
|satāe<br />
|}<br />
1: if the noun already ends by a long vowel, the accusative keeps the same as the nominative.<br />
<br />
2: in the ''genitive'', ''locative'', ''allative'' and ''ablative'' cases ('''strong cases'''), nouns ending by vowel see a change in the last consonant, which becomes a sonorant if originally was k, p, ch, t, f, r, ts, sh. This phenomenon is called sonorisation of strong cases (強格濁音化); <br />
<br />
Eg: ''lota'' (sheet) > ''lo'''d'''as'', ''taito'' (diary) > ''tai'''d'''on'', ''dasa'' (trunk) > ''da'''z'''as'', ''niki'' (tower) > ''ni'''g'''is''<br />
<br />
However, this doesn't happen with double consonants, and when the consonant is preceded by ''h'' or ''s'': <br />
<br />
E.g. ''dahkei'' (precipice) > ''dah'''k'''ein'', ''juska'' (son) > ''jus'''k'''as''<br />
<br />
==== The instrumental ====<br />
The instrumental case can be created using the “vowel progression system”, and the rule is easily observable by each vowel ending words:<br />
<br />
# Words ending in a: add an -e<br />
# Words ending in e: add an -i<br />
# Words ending in i: add an -o (a diphthongization happens, so the word end changes to -yo)<br />
# Words ending in o: add an -u<br />
# Words ending in u: add an -a (a diphthongization happens, so the word end changes to -wa)<br />
# Words ending in consonant follow the same vowel progression rule as above, but the ending consonant doubles<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Meaning'''<br />
|'''Nominative'''<br />
|'''Instrumental'''<br />
|'''Notes'''<br />
|-<br />
|''water''<br />
|miwa<br />
|miwae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''hill''<br />
|oboe<br />
|oboei<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''river''<br />
|sāri<br />
|sāryo<br />
|i+o contract in “yo”<br />
|-<br />
|''color''<br />
|ahiro<br />
|ahirou<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''bear''<br />
|usumu<br />
|usumwa<br />
|u+a contract in “wa”<br />
|-<br />
|''employee''<br />
|shawin<br />
|shawinno<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''beetle''<br />
|tendattan<br />
|tendattanne<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''Sainðaul''<br />
|''Sainðaul''<br />
|''Sainðaulla''<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''life''<br />
|seikwas<br />
|seikwasse<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
''Note'': words already ending with a diphthong keeps behaving the same, except for V+”o” ending nouns:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Meaning'''<br />
|'''Nominative'''<br />
|'''Instrumental'''<br />
|'''Remarks'''<br />
|-<br />
|''lightning''<br />
|sasatsai <br />
|sasatsayo<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''bell''<br />
|akau<br />
|akawa<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''neck''<br />
|kea<br />
|keae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''tusk''<br />
|nekīkei<br />
|nekīkeyo<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''mushroom''<br />
|hingao<br />
|hingō*<br />
|<nowiki>-ao ending names change the last “ao” to “ō”</nowiki><br />
|-<br />
|''port''<br />
|sāreo<br />
|sāreu<br />
|<nowiki>-eo ending names change the last “eo” to “eu”</nowiki><br />
|-<br />
|''glass''<br />
|tassuo<br />
|tassū<br />
|<nowiki>-uo ending names change the last “uo” to “ū”</nowiki><br />
|-<br />
|''actor''<br />
|haiyū<br />
|haiyūa<br />
| -long u ending names just see an added "a"<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Derived cases ===<br />
From the instrumental stem, by adding other particles, you can create some sub-cases. <br />
<br />
# '''Comitative''' (with): -te (''miwaete'', with the water; ''tendattannete'', with the beetle)<br />
# '''Translative''' (to become): - nde (''sāryonde'', to become a river, ''jiyuande'', to become free)<br />
# '''Dedative''' (about): - nkai (''ahirounkai'', about the color; )<br />
# '''Abessive''' (without) -ttan (''saisonuttan'', without love; ''gijussattan'', without technology)<br />
<br />
Another case, the istructive, is made by the dative bases: <br />
<br />
# '''Istructive''' (with the mean of): - hte<br />
<br />
<br />
''Example sentences''<br />
<br />
I live in Sainðaul<br />
<br />
''Nai Sainðaulun paen. (我 作安崎''𐐢ᐢ 住𖬮ɭᐢ'')''<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
The books of the student are in the classroom.<br />
<br />
''Hakuseis kinoon kyoshisun yohan.(学生之 冊''⸠ᐢ 教室𐐢ᐢ ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ)<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Anna ordered two novels.<br />
<br />
''Anna shosessē kantsul chubun teki.'' (𖬮ⲅ𖭑 小説𖬖ɭ⸠ 二𖬑𐐢ᐡ 注文𖬁ɭ𖬭ᛁ.)<br />
<br />
=== Plural cases ===<br />
The formation of the plural cases sees the presence of a thematic "i" inserted between the root of the word and the case ending; the consonant sonorisation doesn't happen:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Case/meaning'''<br />
|'''Addied stem (-V/-C)'''<br />
|''water''<br />
|''tear''<br />
|''gate''<br />
|''wolf''<br />
|''opinion''<br />
|''day''<br />
|''sugar''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Nominative'''<br />
|prolong last vowel and add -n/double the last consonant, and repeat the preceding vowel<br />
|miwaan<br />
|tsokkeen<br />
|muaan<br />
|tsaikisshi<br />
|wikenne<br />
|katoon<br />
|satāhin<br />
|-<br />
|'''Genitive'''<br />
|''add -is/-es''<br />
|miwa'''is'''<br />
|tsokke'''is'''<br />
|mua'''is'''<br />
|tsaikis'''es'''<br />
|wiken'''es'''<br />
|kato'''is'''<br />
|satāhes<br />
|-<br />
|'''Accusative'''<br />
|''add -ita/-ta''<br />
|miw'''aita'''<br />
|tsokke'''ita'''<br />
|mua'''ita'''<br />
|tsaikis'''ta'''<br />
|wiken'''ta'''<br />
|kato'''ita'''<br />
|satāheta<br />
|-<br />
|'''Dative'''<br />
|''add -hi''<br />
|miwa'''hi'''<br />
|tsokke'''hi'''<br />
|mua'''hi'''<br />
|tsaikis'''shi'''<br />
|wiken'''hi'''<br />
|kato'''hi'''<br />
|satāhi<br />
|-<br />
|'''Locative'''<br />
|''add -in/-en''<br />
|miwa'''in'''<br />
|tsokke'''in'''<br />
|mua'''in'''<br />
|tsaikis'''en'''<br />
|wiken'''en'''<br />
|kato'''in'''<br />
|satāhen<br />
|-<br />
|'''Allative'''<br />
|''add -ir/-er''<br />
|miwa'''ir'''<br />
|tsokke'''ir'''<br />
|mua'''ir'''<br />
|tsaikis'''er'''<br />
|wiken'''er'''<br />
|kato'''ir'''<br />
|satāher<br />
|-<br />
|'''Ablative'''<br />
|''add -il/-el''<br />
|miwa'''il'''<br />
|tsokke'''il'''<br />
|mua'''il'''<br />
|tsaikis'''el'''<br />
|wiken'''el'''<br />
|kato'''il'''<br />
|satāhel<br />
|-<br />
|'''Instrumental'''<br />
|''add -i after the singular instrumental''<br />
|miwa'''ei'''<br />
|tsokkeii<br />
|muaei<br />
|tsaikisoi<br />
|wikenii<br />
|katoui<br />
|satāei<br />
|}<br />
Note:<br />
<br />
* When a noun ends by long vowel at its singular form, the plural nominative theme is "-hin", but changes in "-he-" for the strong cases (genitive, locative, allative, ablative) eg: ''fupō'' (illegality) becomes ''fupōhin'' (illegalities), ''fubōs'' (of the illegality), ''fupōhen'' (in the illegalities) ...<br />
<br />
= Personal Pronouns =<br />
The personal pronouns in Izaki language, are the following:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|<br />
|'''Sing.'''<br />
|'''Plur.'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''1st'''<br />
|Nai<br />
|Naiin (exclusive), Nahu (incl.)<br />
|-<br />
|'''2nd'''<br />
|Sai / Kisai<br />
|Saiin / Kisaiin<br />
|-<br />
|'''3rd''' <br />
|Han<br />
|Hannu<br />
|}<br />
The 2nd person gets an honorific form by adding “ki” (貴) as a prefix<br />
<br />
Case conjugation:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Case'''<br />
|''I''<br />
|''You''<br />
|''He/She''<br />
|''We (ex)''<br />
|''We (inc)''<br />
|''You (pl)''<br />
|''They''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Nominative'''<br />
|nai<br />
|sai<br />
|han<br />
|naiin<br />
|nahu<br />
|saiin<br />
|hannu<br />
|-<br />
|'''Genitive'''<br />
|naiyo<br />
|saiyo<br />
|haiyo<br />
|nakiyo<br />
|nahuyo<br />
|sakiyo<br />
|hanniyo<br />
|-<br />
|'''Accusative'''<br />
|naka<br />
|saka<br />
|haka<br />
|naika<br />
|nahka<br />
|saika<br />
|hannika<br />
|-<br />
|'''Dative'''<br />
|nakai<br />
|sakai<br />
|hakai<br />
|naikai<br />
|nahkai<br />
|saikai<br />
|hannikai<br />
|-<br />
|'''Locative'''<br />
|nain<br />
|sain<br />
|hain<br />
|nakin<br />
|nahkin<br />
|sakin<br />
|hannun<br />
|-<br />
|'''Allative'''<br />
|nair<br />
|sair<br />
|hair<br />
|nakir<br />
|nahkir<br />
|sakir<br />
|hannur<br />
|-<br />
|'''Ablative'''<br />
|nail<br />
|sail<br />
|hail<br />
|nakil<br />
|nahkil<br />
|sakil<br />
|hannul<br />
|-<br />
|'''Instrumental'''<br />
|nayo<br />
|sayo<br />
|hane<br />
|nakyo<br />
|nahkyo<br />
|sakyo<br />
|hannwa<br />
|}<br />
The genitive, accusative and dative forms have also a suffix variation which can be put at the end of a noun or as a suffix of a verb:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Case'''<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|'''Genitive'''<br />
|<nowiki>-ne</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-se</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-he</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-nehe</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-nuhe</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-sehe</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-hese</nowiki><br />
|-<br />
|'''Accusative'''<br />
|<nowiki>-ni</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-shi</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-hi</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-nki</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-nhi</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-ski</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-heshi</nowiki><br />
|-<br />
|'''Dative'''<br />
|<nowiki>-na</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-sa</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-ha</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-nka</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-nha</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-ska</nowiki><br />
|<nowiki>-hasa</nowiki><br />
|}<br />
Note: in spoken language ''hese'' and ''hasa'' often become ''hes'', ''has''.<br />
<br />
=== Genitive suffix ===<br />
My computer: Naiyo dyensanki - or - dyensankine<br />
<br />
His wallet: Haiyo ðaifu - or - ðaifuhe<br />
<br />
Their house: Hanniyo futaka - or - futakahese<br />
<br />
Your smile: Saiyo hamiku - or - hamikuse<br />
<br />
=== Accusative suffix ===<br />
The accusative suffix is used after a verb when the direct object of it is a personal pronoun.<br />
<br />
I call you tomorrow: ''Nai akae nakonshi'' (also ''Nai akae saka nakon'')<br />
<br />
She invited you (pl) to the party: ''Han uiraben chadoisk''i (also ''Han saika uiraben chadoi'')<br />
<br />
I love you: (''Nai) saisonshi'' (also ''Nai saka saison'')<br />
<br />
==== Accusative suffix with reflexive verbs ====<br />
Certain verbs are called ''reflexive'', as the action gets back to the subject. In these cases, the accusative suffix has to be used.<br />
<br />
I get up (I wake up myself): ''Nai tashitonni''.<br />
<br />
He washes himself: ''Han jipehi.''<br />
<br />
They wore up in a hurry: ''Hannu dunese tapukeeheshi''. (eehe is often pronounced “ppe” in the spoken language > tapukeppeshi)<br />
<br />
(due to the repetitive eehe in reflexive verbs in the 3rd plural conjugation, the ēheshi suffix often gets contracted to ppēs, especially in spoken Izaki: “(Hannu) Dunese tapukeppes.”)<br />
<br />
=== Dative suffix ===<br />
The dative suffixes can be attached at the end of the verb. Notice the changes when the verb conjugation ends by consonant. <br />
<br />
He gives me some presents: ''Han kappareita tsotana.'' <br />
<br />
Sanna sent you her ring: ''Sanna tamūhe ronusa''.<br />
<br />
They killed him: ''Hannu sazokeeha''.<br />
<br />
=== Possessing function ===<br />
To express sentences such as “I have something”, the pronoun must be changed in the possession tense, which is as follow: <br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|'''Standard form'''<br />
|'''Possessing form'''<br />
|-<br />
|Nai 𖭑꜉<br />
|Nara 𖭑𖬬<br />
|-<br />
|Sai 𖬖꜉<br />
|Sara 𖬖𖬬<br />
|-<br />
|Han 𖬨ᐢ<br />
|Hara 𖬨𖬬<br />
|-<br />
|Naiin 𖭑꜉⸠ᐢ<br />
|Naira 𖭑꜉𖬬<br />
|-<br />
|Saiin 𖬖꜉⸠ᐢ<br />
|Saira 𖬖꜉𖬬<br />
|-<br />
|Hannu 𖬨ⲅ𖭑𐐢<br />
|Hanara 𖬨𖭑𖬬<br />
|}<br />
<u>Structure</u>: Pronoun in possessive form, owned object, to be verb (conjugated according to the number of the owned thing(s)).<br />
<br />
I have a bicycle: ''<u>Nara</u> jityensha yo. (''𖭑𖬬 自轉車 ꓩ𖬮)<br />
<br />
She has many clothes: ''<u>Hara</u> tasuin chuneen yohan.'' (𖬨𖬬 多𖬮ᛁᐢ 衣⸠ᐢ ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ.)<br />
<br />
You don’t have any pride: ''<u>Saira</u> nashehen euna yona.'' (𖬖꜉𖬬 什⸠ᐢ 誇 ꓩ𖬮𖭑.)<br />
<br />
For nouns different than the personal pronoun, dative case shall be used for the person/object who owns something:<br />
<br />
Kaoto has two cars: ''Kaoto<u>i</u> takamaan kanki yohan.'' (敢斗𖬮ᛁ 車⸠ᐢ 2基 ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ.)<br />
<br />
Has your teacher got a girlfriend? ''Hagiuppaya<u>i</u>se nattaiko yoreka?'' <br />
<br />
= Prepositions of place =<br />
Rule: change the name in the '''genitive''' case, followed by the position particle in '''locative''' case<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+Main prepositions of place '''(位置後付詞)'''<br />
!Meaning<br />
!Izaki<br />
!Writing<br />
!Example (with the words “table” (sawohi) and “” (house)<br />
|-<br />
|In front<br />
|adae<br />
|向<br />
|sawohis adaen<br />
|-<br />
|Behind<br />
|odae<br />
|後<br />
|sawohis odaen<br />
|-<br />
|On<br />
|uino<br />
|上<br />
|sawohis uinon<br />
|-<br />
|Over<br />
|swori<br />
|𐩪𖬖𖬬ᛁ<br />
|sawohis sworin<br />
|-<br />
|Under<br />
|teano<br />
|下<br />
|sawohis teanon<br />
|-<br />
|Below<br />
|kauri<br />
|𖬭'𐐢𖬬ᛁ<br />
|sawohis kaurin<br />
|-<br />
|Next to<br />
|muje<br />
|横<br />
|sawohis mujen<br />
|-<br />
|Inside<br />
|juitte<br />
|中<br />
|futagas juitten <br />
|-<br />
|Outside<br />
|toku<br />
|外<br />
|futagas togun<br />
|-<br />
|Nearby<br />
|haikan<br />
|近ᐢ<br />
|futagas haikanun<br />
|-<br />
|Far from<br />
|nantan<br />
|遠ᐢ<br />
|futagas nantanun<br />
|}<br />
<br />
= Verbs =<br />
All izaki verbs, in the "dictionary form" end by -su (𖬖𐐢), and the part preceding it is the verb stem. <br />
<br />
Verbs are conjugated according to the 6 pronouns and in 5 different basic tenses: ''present, simple past, perfect, future,'' and ''hypothetic.'' <br />
<br />
Before other verb forms can be made one must first take off the infinitive ending from the stem, to which other endings are then added, cf. yuka/su ‘(to) think’ : yuka/ma/n ‘I will think’, yuka/ttu ‘thought’. <br />
<br />
Some verbs have more than one stem, in which case one is formed from the other, e.g. i/su ‘(to) go’ : ike/n ‘I go’ and e/su ‘(to) come’ : ere/n ‘I come’. <br />
<br />
Consonant weakening may affect secondary verbs stems, and we will see the rules in this chapter; e.g. nugi/su ‘(to) clean’ : nuki/n ’I clean‘ (consonant gradation) <br />
<br />
== Verb to be (yosu, ꓩ𖬮𖬖𐐢) ==<br />
''Yosu'' verb is the most important one in Izaki language, as it is needed to create sentences like “subject” is “copula”, or for existence sentences, such as “there is something”. <br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|Personal Pr.<br />
|'''Present'''<br />
|Ing. equivalent<br />
|'''Present neg.'''<br />
|'''Simple past'''<br />
|Ing. equivalent<br />
|'''Simple past neg.'''<br />
|'''Perfect'''<br />
|Ing. equivalent<br />
|'''Perfect neg.'''<br />
|'''Future'''<br />
|Ing. equivalent<br />
|'''Future neg.'''<br />
|-<br />
|Nai<br />
|yo'''n''' (ꓩ𖬮ᐢ)<br />
|I am<br />
|yo'''nan'''<br />
|yo'''in'''<br />
|I was<br />
|yo'''nain'''<br />
|yo'''len'''<br />
|I have been<br />
|yo'''nalen'''<br />
|yo'''man'''<br />
|I will be<br />
|yo'''naman'''<br />
|-<br />
|Sai<br />
|yo'''s''' (ꓩ𖬮ᒢ)<br />
|You are<br />
|yo'''nas'''<br />
|yo'''is'''<br />
|You were<br />
|yo'''nais'''<br />
|yo'''les'''<br />
|You have been<br />
|yo'''nales'''<br />
|yo'''mas'''<br />
|You will be<br />
|yo'''namas'''<br />
|-<br />
|Han<br />
|yo (ꓩ𖬮)<br />
|He/She/it is<br />
|yo'''na'''<br />
|yo'''i'''<br />
|He/she/it was<br />
|yo'''nai'''<br />
|yo'''le'''<br />
|He/she/it has been<br />
|yo'''nale'''<br />
|yo'''ma'''<br />
|He/she/it will be<br />
|yo'''nama'''<br />
|-<br />
|Naiin <br />
|yo'''nne''' (ꓩ𖬮ⲅ𖭑ɭ)<br />
|We are<br />
|yo'''nanne'''<br />
|yo'''inne'''<br />
|We were<br />
|yo'''nainne'''<br />
|yo'''lenne'''<br />
|We have been<br />
|yo'''nalenne'''<br />
|yo'''manne'''<br />
|We will be<br />
|yo'''namanne'''<br />
|-<br />
|Saiin<br />
|yo'''sse''' (ꓩ𖬮𖬖𖬳ɭ)<br />
|You are<br />
|yo'''nasse'''<br />
|yo'''isse'''<br />
|You were<br />
|yo'''naisse'''<br />
|yo'''lesse'''<br />
|You have been<br />
|yo'''nalesse'''<br />
|yo'''masse'''<br />
|You will be<br />
|yo'''namasse'''<br />
|-<br />
|Hannu<br />
|yo'''han''' (ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ)<br />
|They are<br />
|yo'''nahan'''<br />
|yo'''ihan'''<br />
|They were<br />
|yo'''naihan'''<br />
|yo'''lehan'''<br />
|They have been<br />
|yo'''nalehan'''<br />
|yo'''mahan'''<br />
|They will be<br />
|yo'''namahan'''<br />
|}<br />
As one can see, the conjugation rule is easy: '''-n''' for the first person, '''-s''' for the second, just the verb stem for the third. <br />
<br />
For the plural pronouns, you add “'''-nne'''” for “we”, “'''-sse'''” for you (plural), and “'''-han'''” for they.<br />
<br />
To create the negative form, just add “na” after the stem, and conjugate accordingly.<br />
<br />
For the simple past, add the past theme “i” after the stem, for the simple past negative, add “nai”, for the perfect add "le", and for the future add "ma" (note that the negative stem "na" has the priority in closeness to the verb stem when other suffixes are added). <br />
<br />
<br />
''Example sentences''<br />
<br />
I am a man ( I - man - am): ''Nai suto yon'' (我ᛁ 男 ꓩ𖬮ᐢ)<br />
<br />
They are doctors. (They - doctor - s - are) ''Hannu satsaan yohan.'' (他ⲅ𖭑𐐢 博⸠ᐢ ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ)<br />
<br />
There was a bird in the house. (House - in - bird - was) ''Futakan fuwo yoi.'' (舎ᐢ 鳥 ꓩ𖬮ᛁ)<br />
<br />
<br />
For the formal form of the verb, used when talking about yourself, or in general, to people who are not your acquaintances, or in situations requiring medium formality, the suffix “ra” (𖬬) has to be added before the person ending. <br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|Personal Pr.<br />
|'''Present'''<br />
|'''Present negative'''<br />
|'''Simple past'''<br />
|'''Simple past negative'''<br />
|-<br />
|Nai<br />
|yora'''n'''<br />
|yo'''naran'''<br />
|yo'''iran'''<br />
|yo'''nairan'''<br />
|-<br />
|Sai<br />
|yora'''s'''<br />
|yo'''naras'''<br />
|yo'''iras'''<br />
|yo'''nairas'''<br />
|-<br />
|Han<br />
|yora<br />
|yo'''nara'''<br />
|yo'''ira'''<br />
|yo'''naira'''<br />
|-<br />
|Naiin<br />
|yora'''nne'''<br />
|yo'''naranne'''<br />
|yo'''iranne'''<br />
|yo'''nairanne'''<br />
|-<br />
|Saiin<br />
|yora'''sse'''<br />
|yo'''narasse'''<br />
|yo'''irasse'''<br />
|yo'''nairasse'''<br />
|-<br />
|Hannu<br />
|yora'''han'''<br />
|yo'''narahan'''<br />
|yo'''irahan'''<br />
|yo'''nairahan'''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
''Example sentences''<br />
<br />
I am a teacher (formal): ''Nai hagiuppaya yoran''. (我ᛁ 教𖬮𐐢𖬇𖬳者 ꓩ𖬮𖬬ᐢ)<br />
<br />
Are you a researcher?: ''Kisai kenkyunsha yoraska?'' (貴你ᛁ 研究者 ꓩ𖬮𖬬ᒢ𖬭?)<br />
<br />
<br />
The aspect suffixes seen so far observe the following preferential order: (stem)-na-(aspect suffix)-ra-(personal ending)-ka<br />
<br />
== Other verbs ==<br />
Izaki verbs can be divided in three groups, according to their ending:<br />
<br />
# Ending by CV + su ('''Group 1''') (as ''ka<u>da</u>su, na<u>ko</u>su, shi<u>ro</u>su'' etc...)<br />
# Ending by VV + su ('''Group 2''') (as ''m<u>oa</u>su, <u>ei</u>su, jing<u>oa</u>su'' etc...)<br />
# Ending by consonant (n, s, l, r, k, h) + su ('''Group 3''') (as ''ode<u>n</u>su, kichoa<u>r</u>su, ma<u>h</u>su,'' etc...)<br />
<br />
=== Present tense ===<br />
<br />
==== Group 1 ====<br />
Verbs of this group always end with -asu, -esu, -isu, -osu, -usu. The vowel before “su” is always a short vowel. <br />
<br />
Note that verbs show a phenomenon similar to that of the nouns' sonorization. In this case, the last consonant before the suffix -su, if a sonorant consonant (g, b, d, z, zh, dz, j), becomes voiceless (k, p, t, s, sh, ts, ch). <br />
<br />
This phenomenon is called "purification" (清音化, ''seionkwa''). See how the following verbs' stem changes accordingly (this is called "weak stem" 弱体 (''zhakuche'')): <br />
<br />
* kadasu (to arrive) kada → ka'''t'''a- <br />
* nugisu (to clean) nugi → nu'''k'''i- <br />
* nebusu (to cook) nebu → ne'''p'''u- <br />
* dagasu (to cut) daga → da'''k'''a- <br />
* sebusu (to finish) sebu → se'''p'''u- <br />
* gindasu (to put) ginda → gin'''t'''a- <br />
* rigusu (to run) rigu → ri'''k'''u- <br />
* wazasu (to divide) waza → wa'''s'''a- <br />
<br />
However, these kind of verbs have two kind of stem: a weak one (which sees this phenomenon) and a strong one (where the sonorant consonant does not change). In general, the weak stem is used to make the simple present, the simple past and the hypotetic tenses, while the strong stem is used to make perfect, future, situative, and participle.<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|<br />
|''To get up''<br />
|''To fly''<br />
|''To speak''<br />
|''To run''<br />
|''To ask''<br />
|-<br />
|Personal Pr.<br />
|'''Tashidosu'''<br />
|'''Nulbisu'''<br />
|'''Rihtasu'''<br />
|'''Rigusu'''<br />
|'''Kieresu'''<br />
|-<br />
|''Nai''<br />
|tashiton<br />
|nulbin<br />
|rihtan<br />
|rikun<br />
|kieren<br />
|-<br />
|''Sai''<br />
|tashitos<br />
|nulbis<br />
|rihtas<br />
|rikus<br />
|kieres<br />
|-<br />
|''Han''<br />
|tashito<br />
|nulbi<br />
|rihta<br />
|riku<br />
|kiere<br />
|-<br />
|''Naiin''<br />
|tashitonne<br />
|nulbinne<br />
|rihtanne<br />
|rikunne<br />
|kierenne<br />
|-<br />
|''Saiin''<br />
|tashitosse<br />
|nulbisse<br />
|rihtasse<br />
|rikusse<br />
|kieresse<br />
|-<br />
|''Hannu''<br />
|tashitohan<br />
|nulbihan<br />
|rihtahan<br />
|rikuhan<br />
|kierehan<br />
|}<br />
You can notice the personal pronoun endings:<br />
<br />
# -n<br />
# -s<br />
# verb stem (just drop “su”, and apply the weak stem, if applicable)<br />
# -nne<br />
# -sse<br />
# -han<br />
<br />
<br />
''Example sentences''<br />
<br />
She speaks Izaki: ''Han izakii rihta''. (彼 華邦語⸠ 話𖬁)<br />
<br />
We run to our house. ''Naiin futakarnehe rigunne''. (我ᛁ⸠ᐢ 舎ᣗ𖭑ɭ𖬨ɭ 走𖬭𖬰𐐢ⲅ𖭑ɭ)<br />
<br />
Mr. Rihasamo asks (to her) her name. ''Rihasamo tana nakoriihe kierera,'' (高山 殿 名ᛁ⸠𖬨ɭ 尋𖬬ɭ𖬬)<br />
<br />
==== Group 2 ====<br />
Verbs of this group always end by -asu, -esu, -isu, -osu, -usu. Before the suffix “su” there is a long vowel or two vowels. The present tense is basically the same as the group 1.<br />
<br />
Note that these verbs only have strong stems (no consonant degradation happens)<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|<br />
|''To drink''<br />
|''To hit''<br />
|''To rotate''<br />
|''To open''<br />
|''To start''<br />
|-<br />
|Personal Pr.<br />
|'''Eisu'''<br />
|'''Seosu'''<br />
|'''Minbaesu'''<br />
|'''Muiyasu'''<br />
|'''Pwikausu'''<br />
|-<br />
|''Nai''<br />
|Ein<br />
|seon<br />
|minbaen<br />
|muiyan<br />
|pwikaun<br />
|-<br />
|''Sai''<br />
|Eis<br />
|seos<br />
|minbaes<br />
|muiyas<br />
|pwikaus<br />
|-<br />
|''Han''<br />
|Ei<br />
|seo<br />
|minbae<br />
|muiya<br />
|pwikau<br />
|-<br />
|''Naiin''<br />
|Einne<br />
|seonne<br />
|minbaenne<br />
|muiyanne<br />
|pwikaunne<br />
|-<br />
|''Saiin''<br />
|Eisse<br />
|seosse<br />
|minbaesse<br />
|muiyasse<br />
|pwikausse<br />
|-<br />
|''Hannu''<br />
|Eihan<br />
|seohan<br />
|minbaehan<br />
|muiyahan<br />
|pwikauhan<br />
|}<br />
You can notice the personal pronoun endings:<br />
<br />
# -n<br />
# -s<br />
# verb stem (no suffix)<br />
# -nne<br />
# -sse<br />
# -han<br />
<br />
<br />
''Example sentences''<br />
<br />
Who opens the window? ''Naga tekaa muiyaraka?'' (誰 窓⸠ 開𐭘𖬮𖬬𖬭)<br />
<br />
When do you start the game? ''Estin appii pwikauraska?'' (𖬮ɭᒢ𖬁ᛁᐢ 娯⸠ 始𖬮𐐢𖬬ᒢ𖬭)<br />
<br />
They rotate the handle. ''Hannu rimeroo minbaerahan.'' (他ⲅ𖭑𐐢 舵⸠ 回𖬮ɭ𖬬𖬨ᐢ)<br />
<br />
==== Group 3 ====<br />
The verbs in this group end by "-su", preceded by a consonant that usually is n, s, and sometimes h, k (rare), l, r. To conjugate this group verbs, it is necessary to check which vowel comes before the consonant, and apply the vowel transition pattern. See how the stems change in the examples<br />
<br />
# Last vowel before Csu a: becomes '''ye''' (eg: kichoarsu → kichoarye-)<br />
# Last vowel before Csu e: becomes '''i''' (remember that "si" sound becomes "shi") ()<br />
# Last vowel before Csu i: becomes '''o''' (eh: jīssu → jīsso-)<br />
# Last vowel before Csu o: becomes '''u''' (eg: lendonsu → lendonnu-)<br />
# Last vowel before Csu u: becomes '''a''' (eg: sonomulsu → sonomulla-)<br />
<br />
According to the ending of the verb, each sub-type has the following last stem consonant changes:<br />
<br />
# '''-assu/essu/ossu/ussu''' verbs: asse/esshi/ossu/ussa + personal pronoun endings<br />
# -'''issu''' verbs: isshi + personal pronoun endings <sup>1</sup><br />
# -'''V<u>ns</u>u''' verbs: V<u>nn</u>V + personal pronoun endings<br />
# -'''Vhsu''' verbs: V<u>pp</u>V + personal pronoun endings <br />
# -'''Vlsu''' verbs: V<u>ll</u>V + personal pronoun endings <br />
# -'''Vksu''' verbs: V<u>kk</u>V + personal pronoun endings <sup>2</sup><br />
# -'''Vrsu''' verbs: V<u>ry</u>V + personal pronoun endings <br />
<br />
<nowiki>*</nowiki> V: vowel<br />
<br />
1: -issu verbs, such as ''ogissu'' (to complain) change their stem into "ogissa-" (ogissan, ogissas, ogissa...)<br />
<br />
2: -ersu verbs, such as ''numersu'' (to tow) change their stem into "numerī-" (numerīn, numerīs, numerī...)<br />
<br />
The personal pronoun endings are the same as the other types<br />
<br />
# -n<br />
# -s<br />
# only conjugation stem (the most intuitive way is to cut “-n” from the first person)<br />
# h+verb stem last vowel+n<br />
# h+verb stem last vowel+s<br />
# h+verb stem last vowel<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|<br />
|''To push''<br />
|''To try''<br />
|''To twist''<br />
|''To listen''<br />
|''To scrub''<br />
|''To convince''<br />
|''To paint''<br />
|-<br />
|Pers. Pr.<br />
|'''Jissu'''<br />
|'''Tsurahsu'''<br />
|'''Yokansu'''<br />
|'''Odensu'''<br />
|'''Tederiksu'''<br />
|'''Sonomulsu'''<br />
|'''Kichoarsu'''<br />
|-<br />
|''Nai''<br />
|jisshon<br />
|tsurappen<br />
|yokannen<br />
|odennin<br />
|tederikkon<br />
|sonomullan<br />
|kichoaryen<br />
|-<br />
|''Sai''<br />
|jisshos<br />
|tsurappes<br />
|yokannes<br />
|odennis<br />
|tederikkos<br />
|sonomullas<br />
|kichoaryes<br />
|-<br />
|''Han''<br />
|jissho<br />
|tsurappe<br />
|yokanne<br />
|odenni<br />
|tederikko<br />
|sonomulla<br />
|kichoarye<br />
|-<br />
|''Naiin''<br />
|jisshonne<br />
|tsurappenne<br />
|yokannenne<br />
|odenninne<br />
|tederikkonne<br />
|sonomullanne<br />
|kichoaryenne<br />
|-<br />
|''Saiin''<br />
|jisshosse<br />
|tsurappesse<br />
|yokannesse<br />
|odennisse<br />
|tederikkoisse<br />
|sonomullasse<br />
|kichoaryesse<br />
|-<br />
|''Hannu''<br />
|Jisshohan<br />
|tsurappehan<br />
|yokannehan<br />
|odennihan<br />
|tederikkohan<br />
|sonomullahan<br />
|kichoaryehan<br />
|}<br />
''Example sentences''<br />
<br />
She listens to the new track. ''Han suyon kyukuu odenni.'' (她 新ᐢ 曲⸠ 聴ⲅ𖭑ᛁ.)<br />
<br />
We paint the back of the house. ''Naiin futagas odae kichoaryenne.'' (我⸠ᐢ 家ᒢ 後 塗ꓶ𖬬ⲅ𖭑ɭ.)<br />
<br />
I change my child's diaper. ''Nai mitogosne hucharii puhannen.'' (我 子ᒢ𖭑ɭ 𖬨𐐢𖬐𖬬ᛁ⸠ 変ⲅ𖭑ɭᐢ.)<br />
<br />
=== Negative stem ===<br />
By changing part of the verb suffix, you can create the negative form of the verb.<br />
<br />
Yosu (to be) verb: yonasu (add “na” (無, but usually written as 𖭑) between the stem and the ending). This suffix tends to be in the closest position to the verb stem (weak stem if applicable), before other aspect suffixes. However in certain context, to emphatise a particular nuance in the speech, the order can be changed. <br />
<br />
Examples: <br />
<br />
I sleep: Nai luman; I don't sleep: Nai lumanan - I can sleep: Nai lumadan; I can't sleep: Nai luma'''na'''dan or Nai lumada'''na'''n (the previous form is preferred)<br />
<br />
==== Group 1: ====<br />
Tashidosu > tashitonasu (tashitonan, tashitonas, tashitona…)<br />
<br />
Rihtasu > Rihtanasu (rihtanan, rihtanas, rihtana...)<br />
<br />
Rigusu > Rikunasu (rikunan, rikunas, rikuna…)<br />
<br />
==== Group 2 ====<br />
Eisu > Einasu (einan, einas, eina…)<br />
<br />
Seosu > Seonasu (seonan, seonas, seona…)<br />
<br />
Muiyasu > Muiyanasu (muiyanan, muiyanas, muiyana....)<br />
<br />
Rule: for both groups 1 and 2 verbs, to create the negative stem, just add “na” before the -su ending, and conjugate the new verb as a group 1 verb.<br />
<br />
==== Group 3 ====<br />
Jissu > Jisanasu (jisanan, jisanas, jisana…)<br />
<br />
Tehossu > Tehosanasu (tehosanan, tehosanas, tehosana)<br />
<br />
Tsurahsu> Tsurahnasu (tsurahnan, tsurahnas, tsurahna...)<br />
<br />
Muppuhsu> Muppuhnasu (muppuhnan, muppuhnas, muppuhna…)<br />
<br />
Yokansu > Yokannasu (yokannan, yokannas, yokanna...)<br />
<br />
Chozinsu > Chozinnasu (choziwanan, choziwanas, choziwana…)<br />
<br />
Tederiksu > Tederīnasu (tederīnan, tederīnas, tederīna…)<br />
<br />
Bakkomaksu > Bakkomānasu (bakkomānan, bakkomānas, bakkomāna…)<br />
<br />
Sonomulsu > Sonomūnasu (sonomūnan, sonomūnas, sonomūna…)<br />
<br />
Nyukilsu > Nyukīnasu (nyukīnan, nyukīnas, nyukīna…)<br />
<br />
Kichoarsu > Kichoānasu (kichoānan, kichoānas, kichoāna...)<br />
<br />
Otarsu > Otānasu (otānan, otānas, otāna…)<br />
<br />
<br />
See here the rule in detail:<br />
<br />
- ssu verbs: insert “ana” between the -s ending stem and the -su suffix. In this case, the negative infix is always “ana”, regardless of the last stem vowel<br />
<br />
- hsu verbs: just add “na” between h and -su suffix.<br />
<br />
- nsu verbs: just add “na” between n and -su suffix<br />
<br />
-ksu/lsu/rsu verbs: remove k/l/r, prolong the previous vowel and add “na” before the -su suffix<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
| colspan="2" |'''Verb group'''<br />
|'''Negative particle'''<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="2" |''Group 1''<br />
|na (𖭑)<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="2" |''Group 2''<br />
|na (𖭑)<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="4" |''Group 3''<br />
|<nowiki>-ssu verbs</nowiki><br />
|ana (𖬮𖭑)<br />
|-<br />
|<nowiki>- hsu verbs</nowiki><br />
|na (𖭑)<br />
|-<br />
|<nowiki>- nsu verbs</nowiki><br />
|na (𖭑)<br />
|-<br />
|<nowiki>- ksu/lsu/rsu verbs</nowiki><br />
|long vowel + na (⸠𖭑)<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Conjunctions ==<br />
Being Izaki an agglutinative language, most of the conjunctions tend to be enclitic particles or suffixes directly attached after nouns and verbs.<br />
<br />
=== Coordinating conjunctions ===<br />
Coordinating conjunctions connect words which are the same grammatical type, e.g. words, phrases, clauses. The most common ones are and, or, but.<br />
* ''Ta (𖬁)'' - and<br />
<br />
I like rice and fish. ''Nakai konu ta miwee shintaha.'' (𖭑𖬭꜉ 米 𖬁 魚 好𖬨.)<br />
<br />
* ''Konae (或𖭑'ɭ)'' - or<br />
<br />
Do you want tea or coffee? (tea or coffee, which one do you desire?) ''Cha konae kofi, sone pinnaraska?'' (茶 或𖭑'ɭ 珈琲, 𖬖ᐤ𖭑ɭ 望𖬬ᒢ𖬭?)<br />
<br />
* ''Estin (𖬮ɭᒢ𖬁ᛁᐢ)'' - when<br />
<br />
When is your birthday? ''Oryukatose estin (yo)ka? ()''<br />
<br />
* ''Baki'' (𖬇𖬰𖬭ᛁ) - but<br />
<br />
I can speak Izaki but I can not speak Angerish. ''Izakigō rihtamin baki angerigō rihtaminan''. (華那語𐐞 話可𐐊 但 𐐀𐐊ꓙ𐐠𐐁𐐂𐐓語𐐞 話可無𐐊.)<br />
<br />
* ''Tokkai'' (𖬁ᐤ𖬘𖬳'ᛁ) - although<br />
<br />
Although she had arrived late, there was nobody. ''Han naronke kati tokkai, nagahen yonai. (𖬨ᐢ 晩ᐢ𖬭ɭ 着𖬁ᛁ 𖬁ᐤ𖬘𖬳'ᛁ, 誰𖬨ɭᐢ ꓩ𖬮𖭑꜉.)''<br />
<br />
=== Subordinating conjunctions ===<br />
A subordinating conjunction is a word or phrase that links a dependent clause to an independent clause.<br />
* ''Waste (𐩬𖬮ᒢ𖬁ɭ)'' - because <br />
<br />
Because there are too many people here, let's go to another place. ''Tochi tamatoha tasugureha waste, uren tolor iketān.'' (此𖬐ᛁ 人𖬨 多過𖬬ɭ𖬨 故ᒢ𖬁ɭ, 別ᐢ 所ᣗ 行𖬭ɭ𖬁⸠ᐢ.)<br />
<br />
* ''Nade (𖭑𖬒𖬰ɭ)'' - whenever<br />
<br />
Whenever I am in Warohan I always get a fresh pineapple juice. ''Nai Warohannnan yon nade, estinden karusugushirū moansen<sup>1</sup>''. (𖭑꜉ 深灣𖭑ᐢ ꓩ𖬮ᐢ 𖭑𖬒𖬰ɭ, 𖬮ɭᒢ𖬁ᛁᐢ𖬒𖬰ɭᐢ 松檎汁⸠ 買ᐢ𖬖ɭᐢ.)<br />
<br />
<sup>1</sup> sen: emphatic particle added after verbs with nuance of exclamation<br />
<br />
== Demonstratives ==<br />
In Izaki language there are three main relationships, marked by a theme (singular / plural): <br />
<br />
# Close to the speaker: “to” (𖬁ᐤ) / “toi” (𖬁ᐤᛁ)<br />
# Close to the listener: “so” (𖬖ᐤ) / “soi” (𖬖ᐤᛁ)<br />
# Far from both the speaker and the listener: “cho” (𖬐ᐤ) / “choi” (𖬐ᐤᛁ)<br />
<br />
<br />
The pronominal form (so, when a noun follows) , the demonstrative marker is followed by the suffix -na:<br />
{|<br />
|This is a cat.<br />
''Tona shinna yo.''<br />
<br />
𖬁ᐤ𖭑 猫 ꓩ𖬮.<br />
|Sona teshiki<br />
''That’s difficult.''<br />
<br />
𖬖ᐤ𖭑 難𖬭ᛁ.<br />
|That (one) is my friend. <br />
''Chona teikaoni yo.''<br />
<br />
𖬐ᐤ𖭑 友𖭑ᛁ ꓩ𖬮.<br />
|-<br />
|These are cats<br />
''Toina shinnān yohan.''<br />
<br />
𖬁ᐤᛁ𖭑 猫⸠ᐢ ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ.<br />
|Those are difficult<br />
''Soina teshikihan.''<br />
<br />
𖬖ᐤᛁ𖭑 難𖬭ᛁ𖬨ᐢ.<br />
|Those (ones) are my friends.<br />
''Choina teikaōnni yohan.''<br />
<br />
𖬐ᐤᛁ𖭑 友⸠ⲅ𖭑ᛁ ꓩ𖬮𖬨ᐢ.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
The adjectival form instead is attached at the ending of the word:<br />
{|<br />
|This cat is white.<br />
''Shinnato chara.''<br />
<br />
猫𖬁ᐤ 白.<br />
|That pencil is mine.<br />
''Enpisso naiyo yora.''<br />
<br />
鉛筆𖬖ᐤ 𖭑꜉ꓩ𖬮 ꓩ𖬮𖬬.<br />
|That friend lives in Riyatoma.<br />
''Teikaocho Riyatoman paera.''<br />
<br />
友𖬐ᐤ <bdi>追庥</bdi>ᐢ 住𖬬.<br />
|-<br />
|These cats are white.<br />
''Shinnaāntoi charahan.''<br />
<br />
猫⸠ᐢ𖬁ᐤᛁ 白𖬨ᐢ.<br />
|Those pencils are mine.<br />
''Enpisshisoi naiyo yorahan.''<br />
<br />
鉛筆𖬖ᐤᛁ 𖭑꜉ꓩ𖬮 ꓩ𖬮𖬬𖬨ᐢ.<br />
|Those friends live in Riyatoma.<br />
''Teikaōnchoi Riyatoman paerahan.''<br />
<br />
友⸠ᐢ𖬐ᐤᛁ <bdi>追庥</bdi>ᐢ 住𖬬𖬨ᐢ.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Numerals ==<br />
===Cardinal numbers===<br />
Izaki language has two different numeral system: the native one, and the Bai-derived one.<br />
;Legend<br />
* Sūzhi (數字) - number<br />
* Kundoku (訓讀) - "kun" reading (indigenous reading prior to the Bai contamination, still used in many contexts)<br />
* Ēndoku (音讀) - "ēn" (Bai) reading (introduced in the 3rd century with the Bai characters, and main way of counting)<br />
* Daipo - shortened form (used when making compounds and with element counters that require the kun reading)<br />
* Byakuzhi (百字) - Ideogram (some numbers have more than one form)<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Sūzhi<br />
!Kundoku<br />
!Ēndoku<br />
!Daipo<br />
!Byakuzhi<br />
|-<br />
|0<br />
|dzèro / janna<br />
|ryen<br />
|<nowiki>-</nowiki><br />
|零<br />
|-<br />
|1<br />
|hatta<br />
|is<br />
|han-<br />
|壱/一<br />
|-<br />
|2<br />
|kana<br />
|ni<br />
|kan-<br />
|弐/二<br />
|-<br />
|3<br />
|shobe<br />
|san<br />
|sho-<br />
|参/三<br />
|-<br />
|4<br />
|tās<br />
|tsi<br />
|tās-<br />
|四<br />
|-<br />
|5<br />
|oriba<br />
|yo<br />
|ori-<br />
|五<br />
|-<br />
|6<br />
|tsonaha<br />
|nuku<br />
|tson-<br />
|六<br />
|-<br />
|7<br />
|doigi<br />
|chis<br />
|doi-<br />
|七<br />
|-<br />
|8<br />
|yeison<br />
|pas<br />
|yei-<br />
|八<br />
|-<br />
|9<br />
|taguken<br />
|ku<br />
|tak-/-taken<br />
|九<br />
|-<br />
|10<br />
|kiba<br />
|shū<br />
|kin-<br />
|拾/十<br />
|-<br />
|11<br />
|kinnan<br />
|shūis<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|12<br />
|kinkan<br />
|shūni<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|13<br />
|kinsho<br />
|shūsan<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|14<br />
|kintās<br />
|shūtsi<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|15<br />
|kinnori<br />
|shūyo<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|16<br />
|kintson<br />
|shūnuku<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|17<br />
|kindoi<br />
|shūchis<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|18<br />
|kinnyei<br />
|shūpas<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|19<br />
|kintaken<br />
|shūku<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|20<br />
|kankiba<br />
|nishū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|30<br />
|shokiba<br />
|sanshū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|40<br />
|tāskiba<br />
|tsishū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|50<br />
|orikiba<br />
|yoshū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|60<br />
|tsonkiba<br />
|nukushū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|70<br />
|doikiba<br />
|chisshū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|80<br />
|yeikiba<br />
|passhū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|90<br />
|takkiba<br />
|kushū<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|100<br />
|rae<br />
|pyaku<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|532<br />
|ollaeshokibakan<br />
|yopyakusanshūni<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|1000<br />
|kitua<br />
|sen<br />
|kitu<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|8726<br />
|yeikitudoiraekankibatson<br />
|passenchispyaku-nishūnuku<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|10000<br />
| -<br />
|man<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|524.998<br />
| -<br />
|yoshūniman-passenkupyaku-kushūpas<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Ordinal numbers===<br />
There are two ways of making ordinal numbers:<br />
# Prefix 第~ (zhei)<br />
# Suffix ~番 (ban, or pan if the previous number ends by consonant)<br />
<br />
'Examples':<br />
* 第三回 Zheisanhwi (the third time)<br />
* 17番 Shūchispan (17th)<br />
<br />
=== Object counters ===<br />
<br />
To count specific object or people, special classificators have to be used together with a numbering system. Some of them prefer native Izaki numbers (shortened form) while some others prefer the Bai numerals. There is no rule, so it comes easier to rember each of them. <br />
<br />
;Main counters working with native numerals<br />
<br />
*Animals: nau 獣/𖭑'𐐢<br />
*Inanimate objects: gi 𖬭𖬰ᛁ<br />
*Plants: tare 植/𖬁𖬬ɭ<br />
*People: ri 人<br />
*Machines: ki 機<br />
*Books: tsul 冊/𖬑𐐢ᐡ<br />
*Drinks and cups: chae 杯<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Number<br />
!Animals<br />
!In. Obj.<br />
!People<br />
!Machine<br />
!Books<br />
!Drinks<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|1<br />
|hannau<br />
|hangi<br />
|hanli<br />
|hanki<br />
|hantsul<br />
|hanchae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|2<br />
|kannau<br />
|kangi<br />
|kanli<br />
|kanki<br />
|kantsul<br />
|kanchae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|3<br />
|shonau<br />
|shogi<br />
|shori<br />
|shoki<br />
|shotsuk<br />
|shochae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|4<br />
|tāsnau<br />
|tāski<br />
|tāsli<br />
|tāski<br />
|tāhsul<br />
|tāschae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|5<br />
|orinau<br />
|origi<br />
|oriri<br />
|oriki<br />
|oritsul<br />
|orichae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|6<br />
|tsonnau<br />
|tsonaki<br />
|tsonari<br />
|tsonaki<br />
|tsonatsul<br />
|tsonachae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|7<br />
|doinau<br />
|doiki<br />
|doiri<br />
|doiki<br />
|doitsul<br />
|doichae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|8<br />
|yeinau<br />
|yeiki<br />
|yeiri<br />
|yeiki<br />
|yeitsul<br />
|yeichae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|9<br />
|tannau<br />
|takki<br />
|tanli<br />
|takki<br />
|tahtsul<br />
|tacchae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|10<br />
|kinnau<br />
|kinki<br />
|kinli<br />
|kinki<br />
|kintsul<br />
|kinchae<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|11<br />
|shūinnau<br />
|shūiski<br />
|shūisli<br />
|shūiski<br />
|shūihsul<br />
|shūischae<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
;Main counters working with Bai numerals<br />
<br />
* Times: hwi 回<br />
* Floors (in a building): sūn 層<br />
* Degrees: do 度<br />
* Number of days: nis 日<br />
* Flat objects: chān 張<br />
* Cylindrical objects, trains, movies: pon 本 <br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|Number<br />
|Times<br />
|Floors<br />
|Degrees<br />
|Days<br />
|Flat objects<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|1<br />
|isshwi<br />
|issūn<br />
|isto<br />
|isnis<br />
|ischān <br />
|ispon<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|2<br />
|nihwi<br />
|nisūn<br />
|nido<br />
|ninis<br />
|nichān <br />
|nipon<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|3<br />
|sanhwi<br />
|sansūn<br />
|sando<br />
|sannis<br />
|sanchān <br />
|sanbon<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|4<br />
|tsihwi<br />
|tsisūn<br />
|tsido<br />
|tsinis<br />
|tsichān <br />
|tsipon<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|5<br />
|yohwi<br />
|yosūn<br />
|yodo<br />
|yonis<br />
|yochān <br />
|yopon<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|6<br />
|nukkwi<br />
|nukusūn<br />
|nukudo<br />
|nukunis<br />
|nukuchān <br />
|nukupon<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|7<br />
|chisshwi<br />
|chissūn<br />
|chisto<br />
|chisnis<br />
|chischān <br />
|chispon<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|8<br />
|passhwi<br />
|passūn<br />
|pasto<br />
|pasnis<br />
|paschān <br />
|paspon<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|9<br />
|kuhwi<br />
|kusūn<br />
|kudo<br />
|kunis<br />
|kuchān <br />
|kupon<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|10<br />
|shūhwi<br />
|shūsūn<br />
|shūdo<br />
|shūnis<br />
|shūchān <br />
|shūpon<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|11<br />
|shūisshwi<br />
|shūissūn<br />
|shūisto<br />
|shūisnis<br />
|shūischān <br />
|shūispon<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Dates ===<br />
Typically the order for dates is YYYY-MM-DD. Dates are formulated with the number followed by 年(nyen), 月 (wes), 日 (nis). The numeral takes the Bai reading.<br />
<br />
* 1958年3月21日 : Senkupyakuyoshūpasnyen Sannwes Nishūisnis <br />
* 2023年6月10日: Nisennishūsannen Nukuwes Shūnis<br />
<br />
==== Days of the month====<br />
Days of the month also have an Izaki native form with the pure numerals (with some irregularities) tsofollowed by (日 / ka) until day 10 (after which, the Bay version takes over. When dates are complete (YYYY-MM-DD) the Bai reading is used, while the Izaki reading prevails when we need to mention just the day of the month in the middle of a conversation.<br />
<br />
* 1日 hanaka<br />
* 2日 kanaka<br />
* 3日 shobeka<br />
* 4日 tāska<br />
* 5日 oryeka<br />
* 6日 tsonahka<br />
* 7日 doikka / doigika<br />
* 8日 yeisonka<br />
* 9日 takugenka / tōkenka<br />
* 10日 kibaka<br />
<br />
==== Weekdays====<br />
* Monday: 月曜日 wesshonis<br />
* Tuesday: 火曜日 hayonis<br />
* Wednesday: 週中日 chujunis<br />
* Thursday: 木曜日 mukuyonis<br />
* Friday: 金曜日 kinnyonis<br />
* Saturday: 土曜日 toyonis<br />
* Sunday: 日曜日 nisshonis<br />
<br />
==== Months====<br />
In Izaki there are two versions to call the months: the Bai-imported one (the most used one), and the native Izaki one.<br />
<br />
;Bai Months<br />
* January: 一月 isswes<br />
* February: 二月 niwes<br />
* March: 三月 sannwes<br />
* April: 四月 tsiwes<br />
* May: 五月 yowes<br />
* June: 六月 nukuwes<br />
* July: 七月 chisswes<br />
* August: 八月 passwes<br />
* September: 九月 kuwes<br />
* October: 十月 shūwes<br />
* November: 十一月 shūisswes<br />
* December: 十二月 shūniwes<br />
<br />
==Adjectives==<br />
<br />
Adjectives in the Izaki language are essential for describing and modifying nouns. They can be categorized into two main groups: Verbal adjectives and substantive adjectives, each with its unique usage and conjugation rules.<br />
<br />
===Verbal Adjectives===<br />
Verbal adjectives in Izaki incorporate the copula within themselves, making them self-sufficient in sentences. These adjectives have their conjugation system and typically end with the suffix "na," which is always written in askaoza script. Here are some examples:<br />
<br />
* tepana (good)<br />
* rihana (tall)<br />
* nuskana (wide)<br />
* kakuina (small)<br />
* ōdana (big)<br />
* pakkuna (red)<br />
* satsona (blue)<br />
* sosana (low, short)<br />
* asatsana (difficult)<br />
* issana (easy), and more.<br />
<br />
When used in the predicative form, such as in sentences like "The house is big," these adjectives are placed at the end of the sentence, replacing the verb. The "na" suffix is removed, and additional suffixes, if required, can be added. For example:<br />
<br />
* ''The house is big (informal speech):'' Futaka ōda.<br />
* ''The house is big (formal speech):'' Futaka ōdara.<br />
<br />
Here, it's essential to conjugate the adjective according to the number and relationship of the subject:<br />
<br />
* ''I am tall:'' Nai rihan.<br />
* ''You are fast:'' Sai jakus.<br />
* ''Are we good?'' Naiha tepanneka?<br />
* ''Those are cheap:'' Hannu waruhan.<br />
<br />
=== Substantival adjectives ===<br />
Substantival adjectives, on the other hand, require a verb to follow them when used in sentences. They don't incorporate the copula within themselves like verbal adjectives do.<br />
<br />
Adverbs<br />
<br />
In Izaki, adverbs play a significant role in modifying the meaning of adjectives and verbs. Here are some common adverbs in Izaki:<br />
<br />
* ''Not particularly, not too much:'' nehkeu (often used with negative suffix). ''This camera is not so good:'' Kamerata nehkeu tepana. ''His dog is not too heavy:'' Tentohe nehkeu dayana.<br />
* ''Quite, pretty much:'' sorei ''Sainđaul is quite expensive:'' Sainđaul sorei shumu. ''She is pretty tall:'' Hara shinchān sorei riha.<br />
* ''A little, slightly:'' yaki ''This PC is a bit slow:'' Dyennautso yaki naro.<br />
* ''Really, absolutely:'' kelleri ''You are really beautiful:'' Sai kelleri nahas. ''We are really sorry:'' Nahu kelleri achaikanne.<br />
* ''Extremely, notably:'' pisānnan<br />
<br />
==== Attributive Form ====<br />
When an adjective functions as a specifier for a noun, rather than as the predicate, it takes on an attributive form. In the present tense, this is done by adding a "-n" after the adjective stem. In the case of a plural noun, the suffix will be "-han." For example:<br />
<br />
* ''A fast train:'' Jakun dyensha.<br />
* ''A tall person:'' Rihan tamato.<br />
* ''A beautiful scenery:'' Nahan pūnkei.<br />
* ''A pretty expensive car:'' Sorei shumun zhidōnsha.<br />
* ''Good boys:'' Tepahan sertōn.<br />
<br />
Mastering adjectives in Izaki is crucial for effective communication and expression in this unique and beautiful language. Understanding the differences between verbal and substantival adjectives, as well as how adverbs can modify their meanings, is essential for fluency. Additionally, the attributive form allows for rich and descriptive expressions when specifying nouns.</div>Izaland Terramorphing Committee