Forum:Standards and documentation/Reevaluating the Application Process in OpenGeoFiction and User:Zhenkang/Kanglapolish language: Difference between pages

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<div class="forumheader" style="margin: 1; background-color: #eeeeee; text-align: left; padding: 5px;">'''[[Forum:Index|Forums]] &rarr; [[Forum:Standards and documentation|Standards and documentation]] &rarr; {{PAGENAME}}'''</div>[[Category:Standards and documentation]]
{{Infobox lang
| name = Kanglapolish
| native_name = ᥐᥣᥒᥚᥣᥖᥞᥣ
| pronunciation = Kangpatsa
| official = [[Kanglapo]]
| other-regions = Northern Archanta
| speakers = 22 million
| agency = Kanglapolish National Institute of the Katayan Language
| sign =
| dialects = Nanson, Baeson
| family =
| writing_system =
| script = Pathannok (ᥚᥣᥖᥑᥣᥢᥢᥨᥐ)
| tonal = No
| alignment =
| word-order = SVO
<!--
| modifiers = (noun-adjective, adjective-noun, descriptor first, etc.)
| noun-cases = no
| noun-gender = no
| noun-number = no
| verb-aspect = no
| verb-mood = no
| verb-number = no
| verb-person = no
| verb-tense = no
| verb-voice = no
| adj-cases = no
| adj-gender = no
| adj-number = no
-->
}}


<!-- Write below this line, please. -->
'''Kanglapolish''' (Kanglapolish: '''ᥐᥣᥒᥚᥣᥖᥞᥣ''' ''Kangpatsa'') is a language isolate spoken in [[Kanglapo]], where it is the official and national language. It is the language of the Katayans, which is the principal ethnic group of Kanglapo. Beyond Kanglapo, the language is a recognised minority language in its neighbouring countries such as the [[Bai Empire]] and [[Huaxia]], spoken mainly by Katayans outside of Kanglapolish borders. The common dialect spoken is the Nanson dialect, though other dialects and variants are spoken in other parts of Kanglapo.


== Discussion: Reevaluating the Territory Application Process in Opengeofiction ==
While Kanglapolish is a language isolate, the language has seen influences from [[Wikipedia:Chinese language|Baiyu]] and plenty of Axiatic and Ardentic languages spoken in the Northern Archanta region. Modern Kanglapolish is written in Pathannok, believed to be derived from the Nakah script.
==Phonology==
===Consonants===
{| class="wikitable"
|'''↓ Manner/Place →'''
|'''Bilabial'''
|'''Labiodental'''
|'''Alveolar'''
|'''Palato-alveolar'''
|'''Palatal'''
|'''Velar'''
|-
|'''Nasal'''
|m
|
|n
|
|
|-
|'''Stop'''
|p pʰ
|
|t tʰ d
|
|k kʰ
|-
|'''Affricate'''
|
|
|ʦ ʦʰ
|
|ʨ ʨʰ
|
|-
|'''Fricative'''
|
|f
|s z
|ʂ ʂʰ ʐ
|
|x
|-
|'''Approximant'''
|
|
|
|
|j
|
|-
|'''Trill'''
|
|
|r
|
|
|
|-
|'''Lateral approximant'''
|
|
|l
|
|
|
|}
====Co-articulated phonemes====
{| class="wikitable"
|'''↓ Manner/Place →'''
|'''Labial-velar'''
|-
|-
|'''Approximant'''
|w
|}


Hello fellow mappers,
===Vowels===
{| class="wikitable"
|
|'''Front'''
|'''Central'''
|'''Back'''
|-
|High
|i y
|
|ɯ u uː
|-
|Near-high
|
|
|-
|High-mid
|e eː
|
|ɤ o oː
|-
|Mid
|
|
|-
|Low-mid
|
|
|-
|Low
|a aː
|
|
|}


I wanted to open a discussion about the current territory application process in Opengeofiction. While the platform has thrived under the guidance of our dedicated admin team, there are aspects of the territory application process that I believe could be reconsidered for the benefit of the community.
==Script ==
Kanglapolish uses the Pathannok (ᥚᥣᥖᥑᥣᥢᥢᥨᥐ) script, derived from the [[Wikipedia:Burmese alphabet|Nakah script]]. Historically, Bai characters have also been used and adapted especially during periods of Bai tributary rule. Kanglapolish then was written in a mixed Bai-Pathannok script, where most lexical roots were written in Baiyu and grammatical forms in the Kanglapolish alphabet. Under Surian occupation, an attempt was made to use the Surian script for the language. Due to the difficulty in adapting the script for the language and the inconsistent transcription rules, this policy was abandoned. By the time of its independence, Baiyu characters had been phased out, and Kanglapolish only uses Pathannok to this day.
{| class="wikitable" style="border-collapse:collapse;background:#FFFFFF;text-align:center;"
|- bgcolor="LightGrey" style="text-align:centre;"
| colspan="25" | '''Consonants'''
|-
!Character
|  ᥙ  || ᥚ || ဒ  || ᥐ ||  ᥠ  || ᥑ ||  ᥒ  || ᥖ ||  ᥗ 
|ဖ|| ᥘ || ລ || ᥛ || ᥢ || ᥓ || ဈ
| ᥔ || ᥟ || ᥡ || ᥞ || ဆ
|စ
|ᥕ
|-
![[Wikipedia:International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]]
|  [p] || [pʰ] || [d] || [k] ||  [kʰ] ||  [x] || [ŋ] || [t] ||  [tʰ]
|[f]|| [l] || [ʐ] || [m] || [n] || [ts] || [ʈʂ]|| [ʨʰ] || [ʦʰ] || [ʈʂʰ] || [s] || [ʂ]
|[tɕ]
|[j]
|-
!Surian transcription
|п/б
|пх/п
|кх/к
|к/кь
|нъ
|тх
|ль/л
|зр/р
|з/ц/цз
|жх/чж
|чх/щ
|чь/ч
|ш/щ
|-
!Old Romanisation
|p
|ph
|d
|k
|kh
|hs
|ng
|t
|th
|f
|l
|z
|m
|n
|c
|jh
|cj
|ts
|tsh
|s
|sh
|j
|y
|-
!Romanisation
|  b || p || d || k || g || h || ng || t ||  th
|f|| l ||  r ||  m || n || z ||zh|| czh || c || ch || s || sh
|j
|y
|}


'''The Current State''': The existing vetting process, although effective in preserving quality, has set a high barrier to entry. While there's no formal requirement of 1000 hours of mapping experience, the intense scrutiny from the admin team often makes it feel as if one needs that level of expertise to even be considered for a territory.
{| class="wikitable" style="border-collapse:collapse;background:#FFFFFF;text-align:center;"
|- bgcolor="LightGrey" style="text-align:centre;"
| colspan="18" |'''Vowels'''
|-
!Character
|ᥣ
|ᥭ
|ᥝ
| ᥤ
| ᥪ
|ᥬ
|ᥬᥩ
|ᥤᥝ
| ᥫ
|ᥥ
| ᥦ
| ᥩ
| ᥨ
|ᥨᥭ
| ᥧ
|ᥧᥤ
| ᥧᥭ
|-
!IPA
|[a]
|[ai]
|[ao]
|[i]
|[y]
|[iʌ]
|[iʌo]
|[iu]
|[ʌ], [ə]
|[e]
|[e(ː)]
|[o], [ʊ]
|[ɤ]
|[oi]
|[w], [u], [ɯ]
|[ui]
|[uai]
|-
!Surian transcription
|ай
|аo
|ый
|йе/е
|е́
|o
|о́
|oй
|уй
|уай
|-
!Old Romanisation
|a
|ai
|ao
|i
|ie
|eo
|eu/yu
|e
|ë'
|o
|oi
|w/u
|wi
|wai
|-
!Romanisation
|a
|ai
|ao
|i
|ie
|io/eo
|iu
|e
|ei
|ae
|ou
|o
|oi
|w (at start)/u
|ui
|uai
|}
===Romanisation===
The Lomanpat'han (literally meaning 'Romanised script') is the current official romanisation system of the Kanglapolish language. The system, developed by a group of Kanglapolish linguists in the early 20th century, was based on the romanised system for Baiyu due to shared consonant and vowel sounds. In cases of ambiguity, orthographic syllable boundaries are indicated with an apostrophe or hyphens. The system was revised several times, especially simplifying the use of breves, apostrophes, hyphens and diereses, and consonant and vowel clusters.


'''The Concern''': This rigorous process seems to discourage many talented mappers. There's a sentiment among some that it's easier to pass a driving test than to secure a piece of virtual land on Opengeofiction. This is particularly concerning given the number of vacant territories, such as those in the FSA and Deodeca.
==Grammar==
Kanglapolish follows the same order of words in the Ingerish language: subject-verb-object. (e.g. 'I eat rice', ᥛᥫ ᥓᥣᥖ ᥛᥭ ''Me zat mai''). As in Ingerish, adjectives come before the nouns they describe, and adverbs are placed after the verb/adjective.  


'''Perspective''': It's worth noting that while territories are guarded as if they're a matter of utmost seriousness, at the end of the day, they are just lines on a website. The stringent requirements can make it feel like a high-stakes endeavor, when in reality, it's a platform for creative expression and community building.
=== Derivational morphology ===
Kanglapolish has prefixes on words to indicate plurals for nouns and tenses for verbs. For example, 'I ate rice' would be 'Me shizat mai' with 'shi-' to indicate the verb in the past tense. However, usually, when information like tense is clear from the context, the prefix might be omitted (e.g. 'I ate rice an hour ago', ᥕᥤᥡ ᥛᥤᥢဖᥪ ဆᥤᥠᥨᥭ, ᥛᥫ ᥓᥣᥖ ᥛᥭ ''Ich minfü shigoi, me zat mai'').


'''Suggested Changes:''' I propose that we consider a more balanced approach that encourages participation without compromising quality. A review of the current application process could benefit the platform and its community immensely.
Kanglapolish nouns are genderless but have plural/singular forms indicated by suffixes. For example, 'dog' in Kanglapolish is 'gahyaik'. In plural form, 'dogs' will be 'dotgahyaik' ('dot' meaning 'many'). However, similarly to the above, when it's clear how many items there are (with a counter/classifier), the suffix would usually be dropped (e.g. 'three dogs' would be 'sam gahyaik'). Kanglapolish does not encode definite and indefinite articles. Demonstratives are used, however, to point out a specific item.  


'''Conclusion:''' I hope this discussion will serve as a starting point for reevaluating the territory application process. I have the utmost respect for our admin team, especially those with deep expertise in HRATE, and I believe their insights could be invaluable in this discussion.
To make a verb or adjective negative, a suffix '-shen' will be added. 
{| class="wikitable"
|+
! rowspan="2" |Tense
! colspan="2" |Prefixes
|-
!Kanglapolish
!Romanisation
|-
|'''Past'''
|ဆᥤ-
|shi-
|-
|'''Future'''
|ᥖᥣ-
|ta-
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|+
! rowspan="2" |Word class changes
! colspan="2" |Suffixes
|-
!Kanglapolish
!Romanisation
|-
|'''Adjective → adverb'''
| -ဒᥨᥐ
| -dok
|-
|'''Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj])'''
| -ဒᥧᥛ
| -dum
|-
|'''Adjective → verb (to make something [adj])'''
| -ᥖᥨᥐ
| -tok
|-
|'''Noun → adjective relating to noun (e.g. economy → economic)'''
|  -ဒᥭᥐ/-ᥞᥨᥢ
|  -daik/-son
|-
|'''Noun → verb'''
|  -ဆᥧᥐ/-ᥞᥧᥐ
|  -shuk/-sok
|-
|'''Verb → adjective (e.g. analytical → analysing)'''
| -ᥛᥨᥐ
| -mok
|-
|'''Verb → noun'''
| -ᥞᥨᥭ
| -soi
|}
===Demonstratives===
The following are words to refer to or point out a person or an object.
{| class="wikitable"
|+
! colspan="2" |Demonstrative
!Kanglapolish
!Romanisation
|-
| rowspan="3" |'''Near speaker'''
|'''This'''
|ᥖᥤ
|ti
|-
|'''Here'''
|ဒᥤ
|di
|-
|'''This way'''
|ᥖᥤဒᥣᥐ
|tidak
|-
| rowspan="3" |'''Far from speaker'''
|'''That'''
|ᥖᥣᥛ
|tam
|-
|'''There'''
|ဒᥣ
|da
|-
|'''That way'''
|ᥖᥣᥛဒᥣᥐ
|tamdak
|}


{{Unsigned|AustinBoath}}
===Pronouns===
The pronouns of Kanglapolish are as follows:
{| class="wikitable"
|+
! rowspan="2" |Pronouns
! colspan="2" |Singular
! colspan="2" |Plural
|-
!Kanglapolish
!Romanisation
!Kanglapolish
!Romanisation
|-
|'''1st (I, we)'''
|ᥛᥫ/ᥙᥨ-ᥛᥫ
|me / po'me (formal)
|ဒᥨᥖᥛᥫ
|dotme
|-
|'''2nd (you)'''
|ᥑᥣ/ᥑᥣᥐ
|ha / hak (formal)
|ဒᥨᥖᥑᥣ/ဒᥨᥖᥙᥨᥑᥣᥐ
|dot'ha / dot'pohak (formal)
|-
|'''3rd (he)'''
|ᥐᥭ/ᥙᥨ-ᥐᥭ
|kai / po'kai (formal)
| rowspan="3" |ဒᥨᥖᥐᥦᥐ/ဒᥨ-ᥖᥙᥨ-ᥐᥦᥐ
| rowspan="3" |dotkaek / dot'po'kaek (formal)
|-
|'''3rd (she)'''
|ᥐᥣᥛ
|kam
|-
|'''3rd (they)'''
|ᥐᥦᥐ
|kaek
|}
Possessive forms are indicated with an additional suffix 'tae' after the pronoun. Hence 'his' would be 'kaitae'. 


The new territory application process is definitely different!  It's good to remember that the current territory application process, while not perfect, is the product of a long reevaluation of the former territory application process (7 days of mapping in a blue territory was the only prerequesite for the former). To me, the goals of the current process, in response to community feedback, were to 1) raise the quality of mapping around the world overall 2) allow community input on new territory applications 3) reduce territory cleanup from short-term territory occupations. So I think the current process does ask for 1) long-term commitment 2) willingness to improve mapping quality and 3) consideration of how the new territory will integrate into the region; and it does align well with the idea that our world is a creative, communal, quality work of art rather than simply "lines on a website." [[User:Chazeltine|Chazeltine]] ([[User talk:Chazeltine|talk]]) 13:49, 21 September 2023 (UTC)
=== Possessives ===
The most common way of showing possessives in Kanglapolish is adding 'tae' between the noun/pronoun and the subject in question. For example, 'her bag' would be translated to 'ᥐᥣᥛᥖᥦ ᥙᥝᥖᥣ ''kamtae baota''<nowiki/>'. Other syllables include 'lae' or 'kae'. The verb 'toi', meaning 'have' in Ingerish, is also used to express possession. For example, 'I have money' will translate into 'ᥛᥫ ᥖᥨᥭ ᥐᥨဆ-ᥛᥣ ''me toi koshma''<nowiki/>'.
 
===Prepositions===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Ingerish
!Kanglapolish
!Romanisation
|-
|In
| ᥢᥭ
| nai
|-
|Out
| ᥢᥧᥖ
| nut
|-
|Above
| ဒᥦᥖ
| daet
|-
|On
| ᥙᥧᥭ
| buai
|-
|Behind
| ᥛᥣᥢ
| man
|-
|Near
|ဒᥧᥤ
|dui
|-
|By/Beside
|йᥨᥢ
|yon
|-
|Down
|ລᥣᥢ
|ran
|-
|Between
| ဒᥣᥢ
| dan
|-
|From
|စᥣᥐ/ᥟᥨᥢ
|jak/con
|-
|To
|ᥖᥧᥤ
|tui
|-
|Into
|ᥢᥭᥖᥧᥤ/ᥘᥫ
|naitui/le
|-
|Under/Beneath
|ᥢᥫᥐ
|nek
|-
|With
| ᥠᥫᥐ
| gek
|-
|Within
|ᥢᥭᥠᥫᥐ
|naigek
|-
|Before
|ဖᥪ
|goi
|-
|After
|ᥣ
|a
|-
|Across
|ဆᥩ
|shou
|-
|Of
|ᥘᥣ
|la
|}
 
===Questions===
When a question is formed, the order of words does not change unlike Ingerish. Question words are usually added at the end of a sentence. For a question with a 'yes' or 'no' (or 'maybe') answer, the question word 'hou' is added at the end. For example, 'ᥑᥣ ᥓᥣᥖ ᥛᥭ ᥑᥩ? ''ha'' ''zat mai hou?''<nowiki/>' literally translates to ' You eat food (yet)?'. Question words like 'what' and 'who' simply replace the noun they are referring to. For example 'ᥑᥣ ᥓᥣᥖ ᥡᥩ? ''ha zat chou''<nowiki/>' literally translates to 'You eat what?'.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Ingerish
!Kanglapolish
!Romanisation
|-
|Who
| ဆᥦ
| shae
|-
|When
| ᥗᥣᥛ
| tham
|-
|Where
| ᥢᥣᥐ
| nak
|-
|Which
| ᥘᥧᥐ
| luk
|-
|What
| ᥡᥩ
| chou
|-
|How much
|ᥙᥤᥐဒᥣᥖ
|pikdat
|-
|How many
|ᥙᥤᥐဒᥨᥖ
|pikdot
|-
|How
|ᥙᥣᥐ
|pak
|}
 
== Vocabulary ==
The core of the Kanglapolish vocabulary is made up of native words. A significant proportion of the vocabulary, however, have words borrowed from Baiyu and, to a lesser extent, other regional languages like Neeg, Kyawal and Nakah. Surian words have also entered the Kanglapolish lexicon during the Surian occupation.
 
The Kanglapolish government sought to eliminate and limit linguistic borrowings through political objectives aimed at eliminating foreign influences on the language. Recent words to describe modern concepts, like computer (ဆᥨᥐᥟᥣᥖᥢᥨᥖ ''shokcatnot'', meaning 'electric brain') and socialism (ᥞᥣᥐᥚᥨ-ᥛᥤᥢ ''sakpomin'', roughly meaning 'welfare movement'), are derived from existing vocabulary or extensions of meanings of certain words.
 
=== Numerals ===
The Kanglapolish language uses base 7 for the numbering system, reflected on its banknote denominations and historical measurement systems. While the government has officially adopted the new base 10 system for ease of transcations, base 7 still remain the prevelant use of the country particularly in the rural areas.
{| class="wikitable"
! rowspan="2" |Ingerish
! colspan="2" |Base 7
! colspan="2" |Base 10
|-
!Kanglapolish
!Romanisation
!Kanglapolish
!Romanisation
|-
|0
|ᥢᥨᥛ
|nom
|ᥠᥤᥛ
|gim
|-
|1
| ᥤᥡ
| ich
|ᥤᥡ
|ich
|-
|2
| ဒᥧᥦ
| due
|ဒᥧᥦ
|due
|-
|3
| ᥞᥣᥛ
| sam
|ᥞᥣᥛ
|sam
|-
|4
| ᥐᥧᥣ
| kua
|ᥐᥧᥣ
|kua
|-
|5
| ᥧ
| u
|ဖᥬ
|fie
|-
|6
|ᥢᥩᥒ
|nong
|ᥢᥩᥒ
|nong
|-
|7
|ᥐᥤᥝ
|kiu
|ᥐᥤᥝ
|kiu
|-
|8
|ᥐᥤᥝ ᥤᥡ
|kiu ich
|ᥚᥣ
|pa
|-
|9
|ᥐᥤᥝ ဒᥧᥦ
|kiu due
|စᥬᥩ
|jiong
|-
|10
|ᥐᥤᥝ ᥞᥣᥛ
|kiu sam
|ᥞᥣ
|sa
|-
|14
|ဒᥧᥦ ᥐᥤᥝ
|due kiu
|ᥞᥣ ᥐᥧᥣ
|sa kua
|-
|20
|ဒᥧᥦ ᥐᥤᥝ ᥢᥩᥒ
|due kiu nong
|ဒᥧᥦ ᥞᥣ
|due sa
|-
|49
|ᥛᥬ
|mie
|ᥐᥧᥣ ᥞᥣ စᥬᥩ
|kua sa jiong
|-
|100 (2 mies and two)
|ဒᥧᥦ ᥛᥬ ဒᥧᥦ
|due mie due
|ᥙᥦᥐ
|baek
|-
|343
|ᥞᥨᥖ
|sot
|ᥞᥣᥛ ᥙᥦᥐ ᥐᥧᥣ ᥞᥣ ᥞᥣᥛ
|sam baek kua sa sam
|-
|2401 (24 hundreds and one)
|ဒᥩ
|dou
|ဒᥧᥦ ᥞᥣ ᥐᥧᥣ ᥙᥦᥐ ᥤᥡ
|due sa kua baek ich
|-
|10000 (4 dous, 1 sot, 1 mie and four)
|ᥐᥧᥣ ဒᥩ ᥤᥡ ᥞᥨᥖ ᥤᥡ ᥛᥬ ᥐᥧᥣ
|kua dou ich sot ich mie kua
|ᥧᥣᥢ
|wan
|}
For ordinals, the suffix 'fan' is added.
===Colours===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Ingerish
!Kanglapolish
!Romanisation
|-
|Colour
|ᥧᥫᥛ
|wem
|-
|White
|ᥓᥫᥐ
|cek
|-
|Black
|ᥑᥭᥢ
|hain
|-
|Red
|ᥑᥩᥢ
|houn
|-
|Yellow
|ᥑᥧᥖ
|hut
|-
|Orange
|စᥬᥩᥢ
|jeon
|-
|Green
|ᥓᥪ
|zü
|-
|Blue
|ᥘᥣᥢ
|lan
|-
|Purple
|ᥕᥦᥢ
|yaen
|-
|Dark
|ᥑᥭᥢဒᥧᥛ
|haindum
|-
|Light
|ᥓᥫᥐᥐᥤ
|cekki
|}
 
===Directions and places===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Ingerish
!Kanglapolish
! Romanisation
|-
|North
|ᥙᥦ
|bae
|-
|South
|ᥢᥣᥢ
|nan
|-
|East
|ဒᥩᥒ
|doung
|-
|West
|ဈᥨᥭ
|zhoi
|-
|Central/centre
|ᥔᥨᥒ
|czhong
|-
|Metres
|ᥟᥭᥛ
|caim
|-
|Road
|ᥘᥧᥐ
|luk
|-
|Way
|ᥗᥣᥒ
|thang
|-
|Expressway
|ᥐᥦᥗᥣᥒ
|kaethang
|-
|Avenue
|ဒᥭᥘᥧᥐ
|dailuk
|-
|Lane
|ᥢᥩᥘᥧᥐ
|nouluk
|-
|Street (paved)
|ဒᥭစᥤᥢ
|daijin
|-
|Street (short)
|စᥤᥢ
|jin
|-
|Pedestrian Square
|ᥐᥧᥣᥡᥧᥛᥗᥩ
|kuachumthou
|-
|Village
|ᥚᥫᥖ
|pet
|-
|Town
|ᥙᥨ-ᥚᥫᥖ
|po'pet
|-
|City
|ᥡᥬᥩᥒ
|cheong
|-
|Capital
|ᥡᥬᥩᥒဖᥧ
|cheongfu
|-
|Province
|ᥞᥫᥢ
|sen
|-
|Island
|ᥖᥧᥣ
|tua
|-
|Mountain
|ᥐᥫᥖ
|ket
|-
|Hill
|ᥢᥩᥐᥫᥖ/ᥕᥧᥐ
|nouket/yuk
|-
|Valley
|ᥡᥪ
|chü
|-
|River
|ᥑᥨᥒ
|hon
|-
|Coast
|ᥣᥢ
|an
|-
|Bridge
|ᥑᥨᥒᥐᥬᥒ
|honkien
|}
 
====Kanglapo provinces====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Kanglapolish
!Ingerish
|-
|ᥘᥤဆᥛᥨᥒᥞᥫᥢ
|Lishmongsen
|-
|ᥙᥦᥞᥨᥢᥞᥫᥢ
|Baesonsen
|-
|ᥟᥣᥘᥤᥢဒᥫᥢᥞᥫᥢ
|Calindensen
|-
|ᥑᥕᥤᥒᥡᥨᥭᥞᥫᥢ
|Hyingchoisen
|-
|ລᥨᥭᥞᥨᥢᥞᥫᥢ
|Roisonsen
|-
|ᥢᥤລᥩᥞᥫᥢ
|Nirousen
|-
|ᥔᥨᥒᥠᥤᥒᥞᥫᥢ
|Czhonggingsen
|-
|ᥕᥧລᥨᥢᥞᥫᥢ
|Yuronsen
|-
|ᥕᥨᥢລᥤᥞᥐᥞᥫᥢ
|Yonrisksen
|-
|ᥤᥞᥐᥤᥒᥙᥩᥞᥫᥢ
|Iskingbousen
|-
|ᥛᥫᥘᥨᥐᥡᥣᥐᥞᥫᥢ
|Melokchaksen
|-
|ᥢᥣᥢᥞᥨᥢᥞᥫᥢ
|Nansonsen
|}
 
===Transport===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Ingerish
!Kanglapolish
!Romanisation
|-
|Bus
|ᥚᥨᥑᥨᥢစᥤᥖᥡᥫᥐ
|pohonjitchek
|-
|Rail
|ᥙᥫລᥧᥡᥫᥐ
|beruchek
|-
|Metro
|ᥢᥫᥐဆᥨᥐລᥧᥡᥫᥐ
| nekshokruchek
|-
|Plane
|ᥐᥨᥢ'ᥦᥢᥡᥫᥐ
|kon'aenchek
|-
|Boat
|ລᥧᥤᥑᥨᥒᥡᥫᥐ
|ruihonchek
|-
|Tram
|ᥡᥬᥩᥒဆᥨᥐລᥧᥡᥫᥐ
|cheongshokruchek
|-
|Station
|ᥠᥧᥐ
|guk
|-
|Port
|ລᥧᥤᥠᥣᥒ
|ruigang
|-
|Airport
|ᥐᥨᥢᥠᥣᥒ
|kon'gang
|}
 
===Public and cultural institutions===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Ingerish
!Kanglapolish
!Romanisation
|-
|Building
|ᥕᥨᥛᥢᥫᥢ
|yomnen
|-
|Office
|ᥕᥝᥕᥨᥛ
|yaoyom
|-
|School
|ဒᥩᥕᥨᥛ
|douyom
|-
|University
|ဒᥭဒᥩᥕᥨᥛ
|daidouyom
|-
|Hospital
|ᥑᥤᥖᥕᥨᥛ
|hityom
|-
|Clinic
| ᥟᥦᥑᥤᥖ/ᥢᥩᥑᥤᥖ
|caehit/nouhit
|-
|Market
|ᥞᥫᥛᥭᥐ
|semaik
|-
|Police station
|ລᥭᥑᥧᥤᥠᥧᥐ
|raihuiguk
|-
|Fire station
|ᥟᥭᥟᥫᥢᥠᥧᥐ
|caicenguk
|-
|Post office
|ᥛᥦᥕᥝᥕᥨᥛ
|maeyaoyom
|-
|Bank
|ᥐᥨဆᥕᥨᥛ
|koshyom
|-
|Restaurant
|ᥛᥭᥡᥧᥖ
|maichut
|-
|Cafe
|ဖᥩᥢᥧᥤᥡᥧᥖ
|founuichut
|-
|Stadium
|ᥡᥦᥗᥨ
|chaetho
|-
|Temple
|ဒᥤᥝᥕᥨᥛ
|diuyom
|-
|Church
|ᥕᥧᥣᥖဒᥩဒᥤᥝ
|yuatdoudiu
|-
|Museum
|ᥙᥤᥝဒᥩᥕᥨᥛ
|biaodouyom
|-
|Theatre
|ᥠᥫᥖဒᥩᥕᥨᥛ
|getdouyom
|-
|Cinema
|ᥠᥝဒᥩᥕᥨᥛ
|gaodouyom
|-
|Park
|ᥡᥧᥒᥕᥬᥢ
|chungyien
|-
|Statue
|ລᥨᥢᥚᥨᥚᥣᥢ
|ronpopan
|-
| Monument/Memorial
|စᥤᥐᥐᥨᥢဒᥣ
|jikkonda
|}
 
 
==Authoritative language institutions==
The Kanglapolish language is standardised by the Kanglapolish National Institute of the Katayan Language, which issues authoritative guides and dictionaries on the use of the language. The institute also coordinates the government's projects of propagating the Katayan language and culture.
==Python code for converting text to Kangpatsa==
def kangpatsa(message):
    message = message.lower()
    translation = {"b": 'ᥙ','p': 'ᥚ','d': 'ဒ','k': 'ᥐ','g': 'ᥠ','h': 'ᥑ','ng': 'ᥒ','t': 'ᥖ','th': 'ᥗ','f': 'ဖ','l': 'ᥘ','r': 'ລ','m': 'ᥛ','n': 'ᥢ','z': 'ဈ','zh':'ᥝ' ,'czh': 'ᥔ','c': 'ᥟ','ch': 'ᥡ','s': 'ᥞ','sh': 'ဆ','j': 'စ','y':'ᥕ', 'a':'ᥣ', 'ai':'ᥭ', 'ao':'ᥝ', 'i':'ᥤ', 'ü':'ᥪ', 'ie':'ᥬ', 'io':'ᥬᥩ', 'eo':'ᥬᥩ', 'iu':'ᥤᥝ', 'e':'ᥫ', 'ei':'ᥥ', 'ae':'ᥦ', 'ou':'ᥩ', 'o':'ᥨ', 'oi':'ᥨᥭ', 'u':'ᥧ', 'ui':'ᥧᥤ', 'uai':'ᥧᥭ',"'":"-"}
    result = ""
    i = 0
    while i < len(message):
        if i < len(message) - 2 and message[i:i+3] in translation:
            result += translation[message[i:i+3]]
            i += 3
        elif i < len(message) - 1 and message[i:i+2] in translation:
            result += translation[message[i:i+2]]
            i += 2
        else:
            result += translation.get(message[i], message[i])
            i += 1
    return result

Revision as of 00:40, 22 September 2023

Kanglapolish
ᥐᥣᥒᥚᥣᥖᥞᥣ
Kangpatsa
Official inKanglapo
Also spoken inNorthern Archanta
Estimated number of speakers22 million
Regulating bodyKanglapolish National Institute of the Katayan Language
Recognized dialectsNanson, Baeson
Tonal languageNo
Writing System
Pathannok (ᥚᥣᥖᥑᥣᥢᥢᥨᥐ)
Norms of linguistic structure
Common constituent word orderSVO
Noun declensions
CaseGenderNumber
Verb conjugations
AspectMoodNumber
PersonTenseVoice
Adjective declensions
CaseGenderNumber

Kanglapolish (Kanglapolish: ᥐᥣᥒᥚᥣᥖᥞᥣ Kangpatsa) is a language isolate spoken in Kanglapo, where it is the official and national language. It is the language of the Katayans, which is the principal ethnic group of Kanglapo. Beyond Kanglapo, the language is a recognised minority language in its neighbouring countries such as the Bai Empire and Huaxia, spoken mainly by Katayans outside of Kanglapolish borders. The common dialect spoken is the Nanson dialect, though other dialects and variants are spoken in other parts of Kanglapo.

While Kanglapolish is a language isolate, the language has seen influences from Baiyu and plenty of Axiatic and Ardentic languages spoken in the Northern Archanta region. Modern Kanglapolish is written in Pathannok, believed to be derived from the Nakah script.

Phonology

Consonants

↓ Manner/Place → Bilabial Labiodental Alveolar Palato-alveolar Palatal Velar
Nasal m n ŋ
Stop p pʰ t tʰ d ʈ k kʰ
Affricate ʦ ʦʰ ʨ ʨʰ
Fricative f s z ʂ ʂʰ ʐ x
Approximant j
Trill r
Lateral approximant l

Co-articulated phonemes

↓ Manner/Place → Labial-velar
Approximant w

Vowels

Front Central Back
High i y ɯ u uː
Near-high ʊ
High-mid e eː ɤ o oː
Mid ə
Low-mid ʌ
Low a aː

Script

Kanglapolish uses the Pathannok (ᥚᥣᥖᥑᥣᥢᥢᥨᥐ) script, derived from the Nakah script. Historically, Bai characters have also been used and adapted especially during periods of Bai tributary rule. Kanglapolish then was written in a mixed Bai-Pathannok script, where most lexical roots were written in Baiyu and grammatical forms in the Kanglapolish alphabet. Under Surian occupation, an attempt was made to use the Surian script for the language. Due to the difficulty in adapting the script for the language and the inconsistent transcription rules, this policy was abandoned. By the time of its independence, Baiyu characters had been phased out, and Kanglapolish only uses Pathannok to this day.

Consonants
Character
IPA [p] [pʰ] [d] [k] [kʰ] [x] [ŋ] [t] [tʰ] [f] [l] [ʐ] [m] [n] [ts] [ʈʂ] [ʨʰ] [ʦʰ] [ʈʂʰ] [s] [ʂ] [tɕ] [j]
Surian transcription п/б пх/п д кх/к к/кь х нъ т тх ф ль/л зр/р м н з/ц/цз жх/чж чх/щ ц чь/ч с ш/щ ж й
Old Romanisation p ph d k kh hs ng t th f l z m n c jh cj ts tsh s sh j y
Romanisation b p d k g h ng t th f l r m n z zh czh c ch s sh j y
Vowels
Character ᥬᥩ ᥤᥝ ᥨᥭ ᥧᥤ ᥧᥭ
IPA [a] [ai] [ao] [i] [y] [iʌ] [iʌo] [iu] [ʌ], [ə] [e] [e(ː)] [o], [ʊ] [ɤ] [oi] [w], [u], [ɯ] [ui] [uai]
Surian transcription а ай аo и ый йе/е ё ю е́ е э o о́ у уй уай
Old Romanisation a ai ao i Ï ie eo eu/yu e ë ë' ŏ o oi w/u wi wai
Romanisation a ai ao i ü ie io/eo iu e ei ae ou o oi w (at start)/u ui uai

Romanisation

The Lomanpat'han (literally meaning 'Romanised script') is the current official romanisation system of the Kanglapolish language. The system, developed by a group of Kanglapolish linguists in the early 20th century, was based on the romanised system for Baiyu due to shared consonant and vowel sounds. In cases of ambiguity, orthographic syllable boundaries are indicated with an apostrophe or hyphens. The system was revised several times, especially simplifying the use of breves, apostrophes, hyphens and diereses, and consonant and vowel clusters.

Grammar

Kanglapolish follows the same order of words in the Ingerish language: subject-verb-object. (e.g. 'I eat rice', ᥛᥫ ᥓᥣᥖ ᥛᥭ Me zat mai). As in Ingerish, adjectives come before the nouns they describe, and adverbs are placed after the verb/adjective.

Derivational morphology

Kanglapolish has prefixes on words to indicate plurals for nouns and tenses for verbs. For example, 'I ate rice' would be 'Me shizat mai' with 'shi-' to indicate the verb in the past tense. However, usually, when information like tense is clear from the context, the prefix might be omitted (e.g. 'I ate rice an hour ago', ᥕᥤᥡ ᥛᥤᥢဖᥪ ဆᥤᥠᥨᥭ, ᥛᥫ ᥓᥣᥖ ᥛᥭ Ich minfü shigoi, me zat mai).

Kanglapolish nouns are genderless but have plural/singular forms indicated by suffixes. For example, 'dog' in Kanglapolish is 'gahyaik'. In plural form, 'dogs' will be 'dotgahyaik' ('dot' meaning 'many'). However, similarly to the above, when it's clear how many items there are (with a counter/classifier), the suffix would usually be dropped (e.g. 'three dogs' would be 'sam gahyaik'). Kanglapolish does not encode definite and indefinite articles. Demonstratives are used, however, to point out a specific item.

To make a verb or adjective negative, a suffix '-shen' will be added.

Tense Prefixes
Kanglapolish Romanisation
Past ဆᥤ- shi-
Future ᥖᥣ- ta-
Word class changes Suffixes
Kanglapolish Romanisation
Adjective → adverb -ဒᥨᥐ -dok
Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj]) -ဒᥧᥛ -dum
Adjective → verb (to make something [adj]) -ᥖᥨᥐ -tok
Noun → adjective relating to noun (e.g. economy → economic) -ဒᥭᥐ/-ᥞᥨᥢ -daik/-son
Noun → verb -ဆᥧᥐ/-ᥞᥧᥐ -shuk/-sok
Verb → adjective (e.g. analytical → analysing) -ᥛᥨᥐ -mok
Verb → noun -ᥞᥨᥭ -soi

Demonstratives

The following are words to refer to or point out a person or an object.

Demonstrative Kanglapolish Romanisation
Near speaker This ᥖᥤ ti
Here ဒᥤ di
This way ᥖᥤဒᥣᥐ tidak
Far from speaker That ᥖᥣᥛ tam
There ဒᥣ da
That way ᥖᥣᥛဒᥣᥐ tamdak

Pronouns

The pronouns of Kanglapolish are as follows:

Pronouns Singular Plural
Kanglapolish Romanisation Kanglapolish Romanisation
1st (I, we) ᥛᥫ/ᥙᥨ-ᥛᥫ me / po'me (formal) ဒᥨᥖᥛᥫ dotme
2nd (you) ᥑᥣ/ᥑᥣᥐ ha / hak (formal) ဒᥨᥖᥑᥣ/ဒᥨᥖᥙᥨᥑᥣᥐ dot'ha / dot'pohak (formal)
3rd (he) ᥐᥭ/ᥙᥨ-ᥐᥭ kai / po'kai (formal) ဒᥨᥖᥐᥦᥐ/ဒᥨ-ᥖᥙᥨ-ᥐᥦᥐ dotkaek / dot'po'kaek (formal)
3rd (she) ᥐᥣᥛ kam
3rd (they) ᥐᥦᥐ kaek

Possessive forms are indicated with an additional suffix 'tae' after the pronoun. Hence 'his' would be 'kaitae'.

Possessives

The most common way of showing possessives in Kanglapolish is adding 'tae' between the noun/pronoun and the subject in question. For example, 'her bag' would be translated to 'ᥐᥣᥛᥖᥦ ᥙᥝᥖᥣ kamtae baota'. Other syllables include 'lae' or 'kae'. The verb 'toi', meaning 'have' in Ingerish, is also used to express possession. For example, 'I have money' will translate into 'ᥛᥫ ᥖᥨᥭ ᥐᥨဆ-ᥛᥣ me toi koshma'.

Prepositions

Ingerish Kanglapolish Romanisation
In ᥢᥭ nai
Out ᥢᥧᥖ nut
Above ဒᥦᥖ daet
On ᥙᥧᥭ buai
Behind ᥛᥣᥢ man
Near ဒᥧᥤ dui
By/Beside йᥨᥢ yon
Down ລᥣᥢ ran
Between ဒᥣᥢ dan
From စᥣᥐ/ᥟᥨᥢ jak/con
To ᥖᥧᥤ tui
Into ᥢᥭᥖᥧᥤ/ᥘᥫ naitui/le
Under/Beneath ᥢᥫᥐ nek
With ᥠᥫᥐ gek
Within ᥢᥭᥠᥫᥐ naigek
Before ဖᥪ goi
After a
Across ဆᥩ shou
Of ᥘᥣ la

Questions

When a question is formed, the order of words does not change unlike Ingerish. Question words are usually added at the end of a sentence. For a question with a 'yes' or 'no' (or 'maybe') answer, the question word 'hou' is added at the end. For example, 'ᥑᥣ ᥓᥣᥖ ᥛᥭ ᥑᥩ? ha zat mai hou?' literally translates to ' You eat food (yet)?'. Question words like 'what' and 'who' simply replace the noun they are referring to. For example 'ᥑᥣ ᥓᥣᥖ ᥡᥩ? ha zat chou' literally translates to 'You eat what?'.

Ingerish Kanglapolish Romanisation
Who ဆᥦ shae
When ᥗᥣᥛ tham
Where ᥢᥣᥐ nak
Which ᥘᥧᥐ luk
What ᥡᥩ chou
How much ᥙᥤᥐဒᥣᥖ pikdat
How many ᥙᥤᥐဒᥨᥖ pikdot
How ᥙᥣᥐ pak

Vocabulary

The core of the Kanglapolish vocabulary is made up of native words. A significant proportion of the vocabulary, however, have words borrowed from Baiyu and, to a lesser extent, other regional languages like Neeg, Kyawal and Nakah. Surian words have also entered the Kanglapolish lexicon during the Surian occupation.

The Kanglapolish government sought to eliminate and limit linguistic borrowings through political objectives aimed at eliminating foreign influences on the language. Recent words to describe modern concepts, like computer (ဆᥨᥐᥟᥣᥖᥢᥨᥖ shokcatnot, meaning 'electric brain') and socialism (ᥞᥣᥐᥚᥨ-ᥛᥤᥢ sakpomin, roughly meaning 'welfare movement'), are derived from existing vocabulary or extensions of meanings of certain words.

Numerals

The Kanglapolish language uses base 7 for the numbering system, reflected on its banknote denominations and historical measurement systems. While the government has officially adopted the new base 10 system for ease of transcations, base 7 still remain the prevelant use of the country particularly in the rural areas.

Ingerish Base 7 Base 10
Kanglapolish Romanisation Kanglapolish Romanisation
0 ᥢᥨᥛ nom ᥠᥤᥛ gim
1 ᥤᥡ ich ᥤᥡ ich
2 ဒᥧᥦ due ဒᥧᥦ due
3 ᥞᥣᥛ sam ᥞᥣᥛ sam
4 ᥐᥧᥣ kua ᥐᥧᥣ kua
5 u ဖᥬ fie
6 ᥢᥩᥒ nong ᥢᥩᥒ nong
7 ᥐᥤᥝ kiu ᥐᥤᥝ kiu
8 ᥐᥤᥝ ᥤᥡ kiu ich ᥚᥣ pa
9 ᥐᥤᥝ ဒᥧᥦ kiu due စᥬᥩ jiong
10 ᥐᥤᥝ ᥞᥣᥛ kiu sam ᥞᥣ sa
14 ဒᥧᥦ ᥐᥤᥝ due kiu ᥞᥣ ᥐᥧᥣ sa kua
20 ဒᥧᥦ ᥐᥤᥝ ᥢᥩᥒ due kiu nong ဒᥧᥦ ᥞᥣ due sa
49 ᥛᥬ mie ᥐᥧᥣ ᥞᥣ စᥬᥩ kua sa jiong
100 (2 mies and two) ဒᥧᥦ ᥛᥬ ဒᥧᥦ due mie due ᥙᥦᥐ baek
343 ᥞᥨᥖ sot ᥞᥣᥛ ᥙᥦᥐ ᥐᥧᥣ ᥞᥣ ᥞᥣᥛ sam baek kua sa sam
2401 (24 hundreds and one) ဒᥩ dou ဒᥧᥦ ᥞᥣ ᥐᥧᥣ ᥙᥦᥐ ᥤᥡ due sa kua baek ich
10000 (4 dous, 1 sot, 1 mie and four) ᥐᥧᥣ ဒᥩ ᥤᥡ ᥞᥨᥖ ᥤᥡ ᥛᥬ ᥐᥧᥣ kua dou ich sot ich mie kua ᥧᥣᥢ wan

For ordinals, the suffix 'fan' is added.

Colours

Ingerish Kanglapolish Romanisation
Colour ᥧᥫᥛ wem
White ᥓᥫᥐ cek
Black ᥑᥭᥢ hain
Red ᥑᥩᥢ houn
Yellow ᥑᥧᥖ hut
Orange စᥬᥩᥢ jeon
Green ᥓᥪ
Blue ᥘᥣᥢ lan
Purple ᥕᥦᥢ yaen
Dark ᥑᥭᥢဒᥧᥛ haindum
Light ᥓᥫᥐᥐᥤ cekki

Directions and places

Ingerish Kanglapolish Romanisation
North ᥙᥦ bae
South ᥢᥣᥢ nan
East ဒᥩᥒ doung
West ဈᥨᥭ zhoi
Central/centre ᥔᥨᥒ czhong
Metres ᥟᥭᥛ caim
Road ᥘᥧᥐ luk
Way ᥗᥣᥒ thang
Expressway ᥐᥦᥗᥣᥒ kaethang
Avenue ဒᥭᥘᥧᥐ dailuk
Lane ᥢᥩᥘᥧᥐ nouluk
Street (paved) ဒᥭစᥤᥢ daijin
Street (short) စᥤᥢ jin
Pedestrian Square ᥐᥧᥣᥡᥧᥛᥗᥩ kuachumthou
Village ᥚᥫᥖ pet
Town ᥙᥨ-ᥚᥫᥖ po'pet
City ᥡᥬᥩᥒ cheong
Capital ᥡᥬᥩᥒဖᥧ cheongfu
Province ᥞᥫᥢ sen
Island ᥖᥧᥣ tua
Mountain ᥐᥫᥖ ket
Hill ᥢᥩᥐᥫᥖ/ᥕᥧᥐ nouket/yuk
Valley ᥡᥪ chü
River ᥑᥨᥒ hon
Coast ᥣᥢ an
Bridge ᥑᥨᥒᥐᥬᥒ honkien

Kanglapo provinces

Kanglapolish Ingerish
ᥘᥤဆᥛᥨᥒᥞᥫᥢ Lishmongsen
ᥙᥦᥞᥨᥢᥞᥫᥢ Baesonsen
ᥟᥣᥘᥤᥢဒᥫᥢᥞᥫᥢ Calindensen
ᥑᥕᥤᥒᥡᥨᥭᥞᥫᥢ Hyingchoisen
ລᥨᥭᥞᥨᥢᥞᥫᥢ Roisonsen
ᥢᥤລᥩᥞᥫᥢ Nirousen
ᥔᥨᥒᥠᥤᥒᥞᥫᥢ Czhonggingsen
ᥕᥧລᥨᥢᥞᥫᥢ Yuronsen
ᥕᥨᥢລᥤᥞᥐᥞᥫᥢ Yonrisksen
ᥤᥞᥐᥤᥒᥙᥩᥞᥫᥢ Iskingbousen
ᥛᥫᥘᥨᥐᥡᥣᥐᥞᥫᥢ Melokchaksen
ᥢᥣᥢᥞᥨᥢᥞᥫᥢ Nansonsen

Transport

Ingerish Kanglapolish Romanisation
Bus ᥚᥨᥑᥨᥢစᥤᥖᥡᥫᥐ pohonjitchek
Rail ᥙᥫລᥧᥡᥫᥐ beruchek
Metro ᥢᥫᥐဆᥨᥐລᥧᥡᥫᥐ nekshokruchek
Plane ᥐᥨᥢ'ᥦᥢᥡᥫᥐ kon'aenchek
Boat ລᥧᥤᥑᥨᥒᥡᥫᥐ ruihonchek
Tram ᥡᥬᥩᥒဆᥨᥐລᥧᥡᥫᥐ cheongshokruchek
Station ᥠᥧᥐ guk
Port ລᥧᥤᥠᥣᥒ ruigang
Airport ᥐᥨᥢᥠᥣᥒ kon'gang

Public and cultural institutions

Ingerish Kanglapolish Romanisation
Building ᥕᥨᥛᥢᥫᥢ yomnen
Office ᥕᥝᥕᥨᥛ yaoyom
School ဒᥩᥕᥨᥛ douyom
University ဒᥭဒᥩᥕᥨᥛ daidouyom
Hospital ᥑᥤᥖᥕᥨᥛ hityom
Clinic ᥟᥦᥑᥤᥖ/ᥢᥩᥑᥤᥖ caehit/nouhit
Market ᥞᥫᥛᥭᥐ semaik
Police station ລᥭᥑᥧᥤᥠᥧᥐ raihuiguk
Fire station ᥟᥭᥟᥫᥢᥠᥧᥐ caicenguk
Post office ᥛᥦᥕᥝᥕᥨᥛ maeyaoyom
Bank ᥐᥨဆᥕᥨᥛ koshyom
Restaurant ᥛᥭᥡᥧᥖ maichut
Cafe ဖᥩᥢᥧᥤᥡᥧᥖ founuichut
Stadium ᥡᥦᥗᥨ chaetho
Temple ဒᥤᥝᥕᥨᥛ diuyom
Church ᥕᥧᥣᥖဒᥩဒᥤᥝ yuatdoudiu
Museum ᥙᥤᥝဒᥩᥕᥨᥛ biaodouyom
Theatre ᥠᥫᥖဒᥩᥕᥨᥛ getdouyom
Cinema ᥠᥝဒᥩᥕᥨᥛ gaodouyom
Park ᥡᥧᥒᥕᥬᥢ chungyien
Statue ລᥨᥢᥚᥨᥚᥣᥢ ronpopan
Monument/Memorial စᥤᥐᥐᥨᥢဒᥣ jikkonda


Authoritative language institutions

The Kanglapolish language is standardised by the Kanglapolish National Institute of the Katayan Language, which issues authoritative guides and dictionaries on the use of the language. The institute also coordinates the government's projects of propagating the Katayan language and culture.

Python code for converting text to Kangpatsa

def kangpatsa(message):
    message = message.lower()
    translation = {"b": 'ᥙ','p': 'ᥚ','d': 'ဒ','k': 'ᥐ','g': 'ᥠ','h': 'ᥑ','ng': 'ᥒ','t': 'ᥖ','th': 'ᥗ','f': 'ဖ','l': 'ᥘ','r': 'ລ','m': 'ᥛ','n': 'ᥢ','z': 'ဈ','zh':'ᥝ' ,'czh': 'ᥔ','c': 'ᥟ','ch': 'ᥡ','s': 'ᥞ','sh': 'ဆ','j': 'စ','y':'ᥕ', 'a':'ᥣ', 'ai':'ᥭ', 'ao':'ᥝ', 'i':'ᥤ', 'ü':'ᥪ', 'ie':'ᥬ', 'io':'ᥬᥩ', 'eo':'ᥬᥩ', 'iu':'ᥤᥝ', 'e':'ᥫ', 'ei':'ᥥ', 'ae':'ᥦ', 'ou':'ᥩ', 'o':'ᥨ', 'oi':'ᥨᥭ', 'u':'ᥧ', 'ui':'ᥧᥤ', 'uai':'ᥧᥭ',"'":"-"}
    result = ""
    i = 0
    while i < len(message):
        if i < len(message) - 2 and message[i:i+3] in translation:
            result += translation[message[i:i+3]]
            i += 3
        elif i < len(message) - 1 and message[i:i+2] in translation:
            result += translation[message[i:i+2]]
            i += 2
        else:
            result += translation.get(message[i], message[i])
            i += 1
    return result