User:What3089: Difference between revisions

From OpenGeofiction
mNo edit summary
 
(4 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 11: Line 11:
|
|
{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em"
{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em"
! colspan="3" | [[Consonant]]s
! colspan="3" | Consonants
|-
|-
! IPA
! IPA
Line 65: Line 65:
| ''s'''p'''ort''
| ''s'''p'''ort''
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA link|ɾ|r}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>ʁ</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-ras.ogg|{{lang|nl|'''r'''as}}}}{{efn|name=r}}
| '''r'''as
| American ''a'''t'''om'', [[French R]], or (in syllable coda) American R.
| Franquese or standard kalmish R;
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA link|s}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>ɹ</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-sok.ogg|{{lang|nl|'''s'''ok}}}}
| fo'''r'''t
| between '''''s'''ip'' and '''''sh'''ip'' ([[Voiceless alveolar fricative#Retracted alveolar|retracted]]) ({{abbr|N|Northern Standard Dutch}}), '''''s'''ip'' ({{abbr|B|Belgian Standard Dutch}})
| (syllable coda) Ingerish (FSA) R.
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA link|t}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>s</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-tak.ogg|{{lang|nl|'''t'''ak}}}}, {{Audio|Nl-had.ogg|{{lang|nl|ha'''d'''}}}}{{efn|name=devoicing}}
| '''s'''ok
| '''''s'''ip''(Unique to the Sonnenburgish lentian dialect)
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>t</big>
| '''t'''ak ha'''d'''
| ''s'''t'''op''
| ''s'''t'''op''
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA link|v}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>v</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-ver.ogg|{{lang|nl|'''v'''er}}}}{{efn|name=voiceless-voiced}}
| '''v'''er, '''w'''ang (Unique to the dialect)
| '''''v'''ery''
| '''''v'''ery''
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA link|ʋ}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>x</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-wang.ogg|{{lang|nl|'''w'''ang}}}}{{efn|name=w}}
| a'''ch'''t, we'''g'''
| like a looser '''''v'''ery''
| ''lo'''ch''''' (Scottish Ingerish)
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA link|x}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>z</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-acht.ogg|{{lang|nl|a'''ch'''t}}}},{{efn|name=voiceless-voiced}} {{Audio|Nl-weg.ogg|{{lang|nl|we'''g'''}}}}{{efn|name=devoicing}}
| '''z'''eep
| ''lo'''ch''''' ([[Scottish English]])
| '''z'''one''
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA link|z}}</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-zeep.ogg|{{lang|nl|'''z'''eep}}}}{{efn|name=voiceless-voiced}}
| between '''''z'''one'' and '''''g'''enre'' ([[Voiced alveolar fricative#Retracted alveolar|retracted]]) ({{abbr|N|Northern Standard Dutch}}), '''''z'''one'' ({{abbr|B|Belgian Standard Dutch}})
|-
|-
! colspan="3" | Marginal consonants
! colspan="3" | Marginal consonants
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA link|t͡ɕ}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>t͡ʃ</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-tientje.ogg|{{lang|nl|tien'''tj'''e}}}}, {{Audio|Nl-check.ogg|{{lang|nl|'''ch'''eck}}}}{{efn|name=palatal}}
| tien'''tj'''e, '''ch'''eck
| '''''ch'''eer''
| '''''ch'''eer''
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA link|ɡ}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>ɡ</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-goal.ogg|{{lang|nl|'''g'''oal}}}}{{efn|name=g}}
| '''g'''oal
| '''''g'''oal''
| '''''g'''oal''
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA link|d͡ʑ}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>d͡ʒ</big>
| {{lang|nl|'''G'''iovanni}}{{efn|name=palatal}}
| '''G'''iovanni
| '''''j'''eep''
| '''''j'''eep''
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA link|ɱ}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>ɱ</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-omvallen.ogg|{{lang|nl|o'''m'''vallen}}}}
| o'''m'''vallen
| ''sy'''m'''phony''
| ''sy'''m'''phony''
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA link|ɲ}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>ɲ</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-oranje.ogg|{{lang|nl|ora'''nj'''e}}}}, {{Audio|Nl-Trijntje.ogg|{{lang|nl|Trij'''n'''tje}}}}{{efn|name=palatal}}
| ora'''nj''',Trij'''n'''tje
| somewhat like ''ca'''ny'''on''
| somewhat like ''ca'''ny'''on'', franquese '''gn''' as in ''champa'''gn'''e''  
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA link|ɕ}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>ʃ</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-sjabloon.ogg|{{lang|nl|'''sj'''abloon}}}}, {{Audio|Nl-chef.ogg|{{lang|nl|'''ch'''ef}}}}{{efn|name=palatal}}
| '''sj'''abloon'''ch'''ef
| '''''sh'''ip''
| '''''sh'''ip''
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA link|ʑ}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>ʒ</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-jury.ogg|{{lang|nl|'''j'''ury}}}}{{efn|name=voiceless-voiced}}{{efn|name=palatal}}
| '''j'''ury
| '''''g'''enre''
| '''''g'''enre''
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA link|ʔ}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>ʔ</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-beëindig.ogg|{{lang|nl|b'''eë'''indig}}}} {{IPA|[bəˈʔɛindəx]}},<br/>{{lang|nl|[[Trijntje Oosterhuis|Trijntj'''e Oo'''sterhuis]]}}<br/>{{IPA|[-ə ˈʔoː-]}}{{efn|name=glottal stop}}
| b'''eë'''indig IPA|[bəˈʔɛindəx],<br/>Trijntje Oosterhuis|Trijntj'''e Oo'''sterhuis<br/>IPA|[-ə ˈʔoː-]
| [[glottal stop|catch]] in ''uh'''-'''oh!''
| glottal stop|catch in ''uh'''-'''oh!''
|-
|-
! colspan="3" | [[Stress (linguistics)|Stress]]
! colspan="3" | Stress (linguistics)|Stress
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA link|ˈ}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>ˈ</big>
| rowspan="2" | {{Audio|Nl-voorkomen1.ogg|{{lang|nl|v<u>oo</u>rkomen}}}}<br>{{Audio|Nl-voorkomen2.ogg|{{lang|nl|voork<u>o</u>men}}}}
| rowspan="2" | v<u>oo</u>rkomen<br> voork<u>o</u>men
| rowspan="2" | as in ''commandeer''<br>{{IPA|/ˌkɒmənˈdɪər/}}
| rowspan="2" | as in ''commandeer''<br>IPA|/ˌkɒmənˈdɪər/
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA link|ˌ}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>ˌ</big>
|-
|-
! colspan="3" | Other representations
! colspan="3" | Other representations
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA|( )}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>( )</big>
| {{lang|nl|make'''n'''}} {{IPA|[ˈmaːkə(n)]}}<br/>{{lang|nl|zelf}} {{IPA|[zɛl(ə)f]}}
| make'''n''' IPA|[ˈmaːkə(n)]<br/>zelf IPA|[zɛl(ə)f]
| Optional sound{{efn|name=optional sounds|After the schwa, the final {{IPA|/n/}} is frequently elided, so that ''maken'' is often pronounced {{IPA|[ˈmaːkə]}}, especially in non-prevocalic environments. The nasal may be retained before vowels, yielding a linking {{IPA|/n/}}. An intrusive {{IPA|/n/}} may also occur, as in the phrase ''red je 't?'' {{IPA|[ˈrɛcənət]}}. In stems ending in {{IPA|/ən/}} (such as ''teken'' {{IPA|[ˈteːkən]}} 'I draw') and in the indefinite article ''een'' {{IPA|/ən/}} the nasal is always retained, except when it is degeminated, but when an additional {{IPA|/ən/}} is added to the stem (yielding the infinitive form or the present tense plural form), it behaves regularly, as in ''tekenen'' {{IPA|[ˈteːkənə(n)]}} 'to draw' or 'we/you/they draw'. Furthermore, an epenthetic schwa can be inserted between {{IPA|/l/}} or {{IPA|/r/}} and {{IPA|/m, p, k, f, x/}} (in the case of {{IPA|/r/}} alone also {{IPA|/n/}}) within the same morpheme. This is found in all types of Dutch, standard or otherwise. However, in Standard Dutch, it is limited to non-prevocalic clusters. In dialects, it can be generalized to all environments and it can also apply to the sequence {{IPA|/rɣ/}}, so that ''morgen'' 'morning', pronounced {{IPA|[ˈmɔrɣə(n)]}} in Standard Dutch, is pronounced {{IPA|[ˈmɔrəɣə(n)]}}.{{sfnp|Collins|Mees|2003|pp=197, 201, 216–7}}}}
| Optional sound
|}
|}
|
|
{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em"
{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em"
! colspan="3" | [[Vowel]]s
! colspan="3" | Vowels
|-
|-
! IPA
! IPA
Line 149: Line 149:
! Ingerish approximation
! Ingerish approximation
|-
|-
! colspan="3" | [[Checked and free vowels|Checked vowels]]{{efn|name=checked free}}
! colspan="3" | Checked and free vowels|Checked vowels
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA link|ɑ}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>ɑ</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-bad.ogg|{{lang|nl|b'''a'''d}}}}
| b'''a'''d
| ''f'''a'''ther'', but rather short
| ''f'''a'''ther'', but rather short
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA link|ɛ}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>ɛ</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-bed.ogg|{{lang|nl|b'''e'''d}}}}
| b'''e'''d
| ''b'''e'''d''
| ''b'''e'''d''
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA link|ɪ}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>ɪ</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-vis.ogg|{{lang|nl|v'''i'''s}}}}
| v'''i'''s
| ''s'''i'''t''
| ''s'''i'''t''
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA link|ɔ}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>ɔ</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-bot.ogg|{{lang|nl|b'''o'''t}}}}
| b'''o'''t
| '''''o'''ff''
| '''''o'''ff''
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA link|ɵ|ʏ}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>ɵ|ʏ</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-hut.ogg|{{lang|nl|h'''u'''t}}}}
| h'''u'''t
| roughly like ''n'''ur'''se''
| roughly like ''n'''ur'''se''
|-
|-
! colspan="3" | [[Checked and free vowels|Free vowels]] and [[diphthong]]s{{efn|name=checked free}}
! colspan="3" | Checked and free vowels|Free vowels and diphthongs
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA link|ä|aː}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>ä|aː</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-aap.ogg|{{lang|nl|'''aa'''p}}}}
| '''aa'''p
| British ''l'''a'''d'', but long
| Ingerland Ingerish ''l'''a'''d'', but long
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA link|eː}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>eː</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-beet.ogg|{{lang|nl|b'''ee'''t}}}}, {{Audio|Nl-ezel.ogg|{{lang|nl|'''e'''zel}}}}{{efn|name=mid vowels|For most speakers of Netherlandic Standard Dutch, the long close-mid vowels {{IPAslink|eː}}, {{IPAslink|øː}} and {{IPAslink|oː}} are realised as slightly closing diphthongs {{IPA|[eɪ]}}, {{IPA|[øʏ]}} and {{IPA|[oʊ]}}, unless they precede {{IPA|/r/}} within the same syllable.{{sfnp|Gussenhoven|1999|p=76}}{{sfnp|Collins|Mees|2003|pp=133–4}} The closing diphthongs also appear in certain Belgian dialects, e.g. the one of [[Bruges]], but not in Belgian Standard Dutch. See [[Dutch phonology#Monophthongs]] for more details.}}
| b'''ee'''t, '''e'''zel
| American ''m'''ay''''' ({{abbr|N|Northern Standard Dutch}}), Scottish ''m'''ay''''' ({{abbr|B|Belgian Standard Dutch}})
| Ingerish (FSA)''m'''ay'''''
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA link|ə}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>ə</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-de.ogg|{{lang|nl|d'''e'''}}}}
| d'''e'''
| '''''a'''gain''
| '''''a'''gain''
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA link|i}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>i</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-diep.ogg|{{lang|nl|d'''ie'''p}}}}
| d'''ie'''p
| ''d'''ee'''p''
| ''d'''ee'''p''
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA link|oː}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>oː</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-boot.ogg|{{lang|nl|b'''oo'''t}}}}{{efn|name=mid vowels}}
| b'''oo'''t
| American ''g'''o''''' ({{abbr|N|Northern Standard Dutch}}), ''st'''o'''ry'' ({{abbr|B|Belgian Standard Dutch}})
| Ingerish (FSA) ''g'''o'''''
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA link|y}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>y</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-fuut.ogg|{{lang|nl|f'''uu'''t}}}}
| f'''uu'''t}}}}
| roughly like ''f'''ew'''''
| roughly like ''f'''ew'''''
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA link|øː}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>øː</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-neus.ogg|{{lang|nl|n'''eu'''s}}}}{{efn|name=mid vowels}}
| n'''eu'''s (mid vowels)
| roughly like ''f'''ur'''''
| roughly like ''f'''ur'''''
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA link|u}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>u</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-hoed.ogg|{{lang|nl|h'''oe'''d}}}}
| h'''oe'''d
| roughly like ''c'''oo'''l''
| roughly like ''c'''oo'''l''
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA|ɑi}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>ɑi</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-ai.ogg|{{lang|nl|'''ai'''}}}}
| '''ai'''
| ''pr'''i'''ce''
| ''pr'''i'''ce''
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA|aːi}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>aːi</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-draai.ogg|{{lang|nl|dr'''aai'''}}}}
| dr'''aai'''
| ''pr'''i'''ze''
| ''pr'''i'''ze''
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA|ʌu}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>ʌu</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-jou.ogg|{{lang|nl|j'''ou'''}}}}, {{Audio|Nl-dauw.ogg|{{lang|nl|d'''auw'''}}}}
| j'''ou''', d'''auw'''
| '''''ou'''t''
| '''''ou'''t''
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA|ɛi}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>ɛi</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-bijt.ogg|{{lang|nl|b'''ij'''t}}}}, {{Audio|Nl-ei.ogg|{{lang|nl|'''ei'''}}}}
| b'''ij'''t, '''ei'''
| roughly like Australian ''m'''ay'''''
| roughly like Vodean ''m'''ay'''''
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA|eːu}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>eːu</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-sneeuw.ogg|{{lang|nl|sn'''eeuw'''}}}}
| sn'''eeuw'''
| j'''ayw'''alk
| RP j'''ayw'''alk
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA|iu}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>iu</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-nieuw.ogg|{{lang|nl|n'''ieuw'''}}}}
| n'''ieuw'''
| '''''ew'''!''
| '''''ew'''!''
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA|ɔi}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>ɔi</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-hoi.ogg|{{lang|nl|h'''oi'''}}}}
| h'''oi'''
| ''ch'''oi'''ce''
| ''ch'''oi'''ce''
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA|oːi}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>oːi</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-nooit.ogg|{{lang|nl|n'''ooi'''t}}}}
| n'''ooi'''t
| ''b'''oy'''s''
| ''b'''oy'''s''
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA|œy}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>œy</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-buit.ogg|{{lang|nl|b'''ui'''t}}}}
| b'''ui'''t
| roughly like Canadian '''''i'''ce''
| roughly like Deodecan (rl Canadian) '''''i'''ce''
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA|ui}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>ui</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-groei.ogg|{{lang|nl|gr'''oei'''}}}}
| gr'''oei'''
| ''g'''ooey'''''
| ''g'''ooey'''''
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA|yu}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>yu</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-duw.ogg|{{lang|nl|d'''uw'''}}}}
| d'''uw'''
| Roughly like Received Pronunciation ''t'''oo'''''
| Roughly like Received Pronunciation ''t'''oo'''''
|-
|-
! colspan="3" | Marginal vowels
! colspan="3" | Marginal vowels
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA link|ɛː}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>ɛː</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-scène.ogg|{{lang|nl|sc'''è'''ne}}}}{{efn|name=open-mid front}}
| sc'''è'''ne
| ''squ'''are''''' ([[British English]])
| ''squ'''are''''' (Ingerland ingerish)
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA link|iː}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>iː</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-analyse.ogg|{{lang|nl|anal'''y'''se}}}}, {{Audio|Nl-dier.ogg|{{lang|nl|d'''ie'''r}}}}{{efn|name=pre-r}}
| anal'''y'''se, d'''ie'''r
| ''wh'''ee'''ze''
| ''wh'''ee'''ze''
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA link|ɔː}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>ɔː</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-roze.ogg|{{lang|nl|r'''o'''ze}}}}{{efn|name=non-native vowels}}{{efn|name=open-mid back}}
| r'''o'''ze
| ''th'''ough'''t''
| ''th'''ough'''t''
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA link|œː}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>œː</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-freule.ogg|{{lang|nl|fr'''eu'''le}}}}{{efn|name=non-native vowels}}
| fr'''eu'''le
| roughly like ''f'''ur'''''
| no ingerish equivalent, simillar to franquese œ
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA link|uː}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>uː</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-cruise.ogg|{{lang|nl|cr'''ui'''se}}}}, {{Audio|Nl-boer.ogg|{{lang|nl|b'''oe'''r}}}}{{efn|name=pre-r}}
| cr'''ui'''se, b'''oe'''r
| ''r'''u'''le''
| ''r'''u'''le''
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA link|yː}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>yː</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-centrifuge.ogg|{{lang|nl|centrif'''u'''ge}}}}, {{Audio|Nl-kuur.ogg|{{lang|nl|k'''uu'''r}}}}{{efn|name=pre-r}}
| centrif'''u'''ge, k'''uu'''r
| roughly like ''f'''u'''gue''
| roughly like ''f'''u'''gue''
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA|ɑ̃ː}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>ɑ̃ː</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-genre.ogg|{{lang|nl|g'''en'''re}}}}{{efn|name=non-native vowels}}
| g'''en'''re
| roughly like ''croiss'''an'''t''
| roughly like ''croiss'''an'''t''
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA|ɛ̃ː}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>ɛ̃ː</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-hautain.ogg|{{lang|nl|haut'''ain'''}}}}{{efn|name=non-native vowels}}
| {{Audio|Nl-hautain.ogg|haut'''ain'''
| roughly like ''doy'''en'''''
| roughly like ''doy'''en'''''
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>{{IPA|ɔ̃ː}}</big>
| style="text-align: center;" | <big>ɔ̃ː</big>
| {{Audio|Nl-chanson.ogg|{{lang|nl|chans'''on'''}}}}{{efn|name=non-native vowels}}
| chans'''on'''
| roughly like ''m'''on'''tage''
| No ingerish equivalent, franquese ''chans'''on'''''
|}
|}
|}
|}

Latest revision as of 22:24, 1 March 2024

I am the current owner of Sonnenburg, feel free to contact me via Discord (my username is Jake1.7)


This is where I test stuff


IPA key

Consonants
IPA Examples Ingerish approximation
b beet bait
d dak duck
f fiets feats
ɣ gaan no Ingerish equivalent;
h had behind
j jas yard
k kat, cabaret ski
l land land
m mens man
n nek neck
ŋ eng' long'
p pen rib sport
ʁ ras Franquese or standard kalmish R;
ɹ fort (syllable coda) Ingerish (FSA) R.
s sok sip(Unique to the Sonnenburgish lentian dialect)
t tak had stop
v ver, wang (Unique to the dialect) very
x acht, weg loch (Scottish Ingerish)
z zeep zone
Marginal consonants
t͡ʃ tientje, check cheer
ɡ goal goal
d͡ʒ Giovanni jeep
ɱ omvallen symphony
ɲ oranj,Trijntje somewhat like canyon, franquese gn as in champagne
ʃ sjabloonchef ship
ʒ jury genre
ʔ [bəˈʔɛindəx],
Trijntje Oosterhuis|Trijntje Oosterhuis
IPA|[-ə ˈʔoː-] 		catch in uh-oh!
Stress (linguistics)|Stress
ˈ voorkomen
voorkomen 		as in commandeer
IPA|/ˌkɒmənˈdɪər/
ˌ
Other representations
( ) [ˈmaːkə(n)]
zelf IPA|[zɛl(ə)f] 		Optional sound
Vowels
IPA Examples Ingerish approximation
Checked and free vowels|Checked vowels
ɑ bad father, but rather short
ɛ bed bed
ɪ vis sit
ɔ bot off
ɵ|ʏ hut roughly like nurse
Checked and free vowels|Free vowels and diphthongs
ä|aː aap Ingerland Ingerish lad, but long
eː beet, ezel Ingerish (FSA)may
ə de again
i diep deep
oː boot Ingerish (FSA) go
y fuut}}}} roughly like few
øː neus (mid vowels) roughly like fur
u hoed roughly like cool
ɑi ai price
aːi draai prize
ʌu jou, dauw out
ɛi bijt, ei roughly like Vodean may
eːu sneeuw RP jaywalk
iu nieuw ew!
ɔi hoi choice
oːi nooit boys
œy buit roughly like Deodecan (rl Canadian) ice
ui groei gooey
yu duw Roughly like Received Pronunciation too
Marginal vowels
ɛː scène square (Ingerland ingerish)
iː analyse, dier wheeze
ɔː roze thought
œː freule no ingerish equivalent, simillar to franquese œ
uː cruise, boer rule
yː centrifuge, kuur roughly like fugue
ɑ̃ː genre roughly like croissant
ɛ̃ː Nl-hautain.ogg|hautain roughly like doyen
ɔ̃ː chanson No ingerish equivalent, franquese chanson
Retrieved from "https://wiki.opengeofiction.net/index.php?title=User:What3089&oldid=22721"