Andrar: Difference between revisions
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== Politics == | == Politics == | ||
Historial de presidentes en Andrar | |||
=== | Shortly after Andrar’s independence, '''Kareim Sabati''' was elected emperor. However, this form of government was short-lived, as by '''1825''', just one year after Andrar became a republic, '''Alexis Del Real Quirrin''' became the '''first constitutional president''', serving for the next ten years ('''1825–1835'''). | ||
His administration consolidated independence, abolished slavery, and promoted education. He faced conspiracies and internal conflicts, and his presidency was complicated by economic crisis and political instability, yet he managed to maintain order. | |||
* '''Hancer Asatán De Los Álamos (1835–1845)''' | |||
He assumed power after winning the 1835 election. His government sought to reconcile rival factions and implemented liberal reforms that reduced the power of the clergy and the military. However, he faced strong opposition throughout his term. | |||
* '''Yoniel Rendón Tanori (1845–1850)''' | |||
He consolidated centralist power by abolishing the Constitution of 1824 and establishing new laws that gave rise to a centralist republic. His government provoked the rebellion led by '''Ayir Ahali Al-Kaza''', which later resulted in the independence of that territory. Due to widespread human rights violations and disregard for constitutional norms, he is considered one of the worst presidents in Andrar’s history and was ultimately removed from office. | |||
* '''Villet Rentaria Jaferri (1850–1855)''' | |||
He continued the centralist government established by Rendón. His term was marked by the independence of Al-Kaza and the country’s difficulty in responding to it. He governed amid political and economic crisis, with constant clashes between federalists and centralists. | |||
* '''Yoniel Rendón Tanori (1855–1860)''' | |||
He briefly returned to power in an attempt to stabilize the economy. His short administration demonstrated an inability to restore political stability, leading to his removal and another leadership change. His presidency was weak and plagued by internal conflicts, resulting in his rapid departure amid continued instability. | |||
* '''Sergey Archanta Nevez (1860–1870)''' | |||
He attempted to rebuild the country after years of political and economic instability. His government implemented economic and security measures to restore order and promoted relative peace despite facing conspiracies and internal conflicts. He encouraged economic stability and sought to reduce the military’s influence in politics. | |||
* '''Sue Marel Palentichova Deliconchis (1870–1877)''' | |||
The '''first woman to serve as president of Andrar''', she enacted the '''Constitution of 1870''', which established a secular state and limited the power of the Church. However, her indecision in the face of conservative opposition weakened her government, and she ultimately relinquished power, triggering a civil war between liberals and conservatives. | |||
* '''Ramantis Antillón Avirra (1877–1880)''' | |||
He assumed the presidency after leaving the vice presidency. He restored the republic, centralized power, and promoted reforms in education, the economy, and the military. Nevertheless, his policies generated widespread discontent. He died in office in 1880, on the very day of the presidential elections. | |||
* '''Carlos Galán Viera (1880–1900)''' | |||
He implemented measures to pacify the country and stabilize the economy. His government promoted economic growth and foreign investment, though it relied on political repression. He held the longest presidential term in Andrar’s history. | |||
* '''Abdal Aries Perino (1900–1910)''' | |||
He promoted democracy and freedom of the press but faced opposition from former centralists and radical revolutionaries. Despite attempts to reconcile competing factions, his authority was undermined, and at the end of his presidency he fled to Castellan due to his inability to govern. | |||
* '''Mone Alexandria Meneses de Montaja (1910–1920)''' | |||
She advanced educational, agrarian, and labor reforms and drafted a new constitution, consolidating the post-revolutionary state. She strengthened foreign relations through international agreements and reinforced the country’s institutional foundations. | |||
* '''Sadi Babuca Nevez (1920–1930)''' | |||
He led a major social and political transformation, nationalizing the oil industry, carrying out extensive agrarian reform, reducing the influence of religion in politics, dismantling centralist associations, and promoting industrialization. | |||
* '''Carel Buzani Pizaña (1930–1940)''' | |||
He encouraged industrial development and education but also faced corruption and political repression. His government consolidated presidential power and laid the groundwork for long-term economic growth. | |||
* '''Noel Rafael Corona Cocoba (1940–1950)''' | |||
He nationalized the electrical industry and promoted social security. His administration strengthened education and culture and granted women the right to vote in elections. Despite his progressive agenda, there were instances of repression against opposition movements. His government fostered economic development but also struggled with corruption. | |||
* '''Gael Gónez Nasforum (1950–1960)''' | |||
His administration was marked by economic development and major infrastructure projects. He expanded industrial employment and internationalized the country, encouraging foreign labor and gentrification in major urban centers. | |||
* '''Abdali Rocha Krenis (1960–1970)''' | |||
He capitalized on the oil boom to boost the economy, but excessive spending eventually led to a major economic crisis. | |||
* '''Aries Urebachia Cohen (1970–1980)''' | |||
He implemented neoliberal policies to address the inherited economic crisis, successfully stabilizing the economy. He modernized the education system and fully upgraded the national railway, port, and bus transportation networks. | |||
* '''Daniel Garel Gónez Gala (1980–1988)''' | |||
His presidency was marked by economic growth, strengthened education, and major advances in inclusion and LGBT rights. He addressed the lingering effects of the economic crisis, expanded protections for human rights, Indigenous peoples, women, and children, preserved natural areas, and enacted urban development reforms. His constant clashes with conservative sectors culminated in his assassination during celebrations marking his eighth year in office in 1988. His presidency is widely regarded as the most impactful and successful in Andrar’s history. | |||
* '''Branel Salas Salias (1988–1990)''' | |||
He respected Daniel Gónez’s presidential agenda and sought to strengthen his legacy, promoting democratic reforms. | |||
* '''Gabriel Buquichora Bravo (1990–2000)''' | |||
He struggled to implement structural reforms due to legislative opposition. While he promoted social programs and economic stability, his administration was criticized for weak leadership and governance challenges. | |||
* A'''lanna Petras Norovizki (2000–2010)''' | |||
She promoted energy and social security reforms, but her decade-long presidency was marked by recurring social crises. | |||
* '''Javier Arana Miller (2010–2015)''' | |||
He advanced structural reforms in education, energy, and telecommunications, though corruption scandals overshadowed his administration and weakened his political party. | |||
* '''Iván Quihuis Dorame (2015–2020)''' | |||
His government emphasized austerity and social programs. Despite high popularity, he faced criticism over rising violence. | |||
* '''Jan Antonio Ampe Burroa (2020–2025)''' | |||
His administration represented continuity with Iván Quihuis’s political project, focusing on social development, infrastructure, and energy transition. | |||
* '''Jeanette Astazaran Zenche Del Real (2025–2030)''' | |||
=== and judiciary system === | |||
=== Foreign relations === | === Foreign relations === | ||
Revision as of 02:39, 31 December 2025
| [[File:.|150px|Flag of Andrar]] | Andrar . () Capital: Ordamerán [1]
Population: 32.523.395 (2020) Motto: «La prosperidad se agrandece y la esperanza, permanece» Anthem: TBD |
Loading map... |
{{{intro}}}
Etymology
Acording to this intepretation, Andrar derives from the ancient Imani term "Andur-ahr", which loosely translates as "land of winds and stone." In this context, "Andur" meant "wind" or "spirit of the air," while "ahr" referred to rocky or elevated terrain. This etymology is consistent with the central highlands, where windswept plateaus and rocky outcrops define the landscape. Ancient hymns and inscriptions found on the wind steles when describing sacred lands and pilgrimage sites.
History
 | |
|---|---|
| History of Andrar | |
| Early History | |
| • Prehistory | 3000 a.EC - VI Century |
| • Imani Period | VI - XLL |
| • Alezar Empire | 7th - 17th Century |
| Colonization | |
| • Castellanese Colonization | XIII-XVLL |
| Contemporary times | |
| • Independence | December 12, 1824 |
| • Contemporany era | XX - Actualy |
Prehistoric Era
The earliest habitants of Andrar were indigenous groups who settled primarily in the river basin of Ordá, Mersat and yali rivers. These poeples developed advanced terance farming tehniques, taking advantage of seasonal waters, and doesticated animals adapted to arid and tropical climates. Their belief systems revolved around the elemental duality of fire and water, a primordial foundation for the future salaridism, which sought balance between opposing forces of nature.
Comunities boult megalithic monuments such as the karbelar cirlces, which seved as astronomical observatories to guide plating and religious ceremonies. Petroglyphs in the Damaral mountains show a culture with a strong spiritual sense and knowledge of solar and lunar cycles.
Imani Empire (VI-XVII century)
between the 6th and 12th century, a confederation of imani tribes migrated fron sourthen uletha, crossing the Dematisna straig to settle in andrar's central highlands. These peoples brought significant cultural developments: a complex consonantal script engraved on stone and waxed wooden tables, dome architecture and walled gardens inspiredby oases of their origin, and advanced hydraulic systems based on undergound canals, allowing more stable agriculture and semi-arid areas.
Imani social organizacion was tribal yet fexible, with clans maintaining relative autonomy under the autority of a council of elders and local leaders managing caravan trade and political alliances. These caravans traveled transregional routes, connecting Andrar with distant parts of Tarephia and Sourthern Uletha, fostering early cosmopolitanism. Cities like -, -, -, became key trade hubs for salt, cooper, spices, mineral-dyed textiles, and semi-precious stones like lapiz lazuli and agate.
On a cultural level, imanis developed an oral and written poetic traditiion focused on the cycles of nature, ancestral memory, and the value of travel.
Fragments of religious hymns and ritual chronicles are preserved in the so-called Stelae of the wind, monoliths carved with commemorative inscriptions aligned astrnomically. The religion envolved into a syncretic cult that fused solar, lunar and fertility elements, with ceremonial practices linked to the equinoxes and the observation of the stars. This worldview would be the percusor of salaridism, the dominant religion in andrar during later centuries.
It is also inthis period that the first workshops of glazed ceramics and decorative metallurgy emerged, as well as advanced textile techniques with natural dyes. The Imani legacy left a lasting imprint on Andra's toponymy, architecture, and institutions of power, being considerd by mani historians as the true beginning of aproto-Andraresian identity
The Alezar Empire (VII-XVII Century)
Much of the territory that today comprises Mazan and parts of Castellan, came to be located south of Andrar during centuries the Alezar Empire. This kingdom emerged in the sevent century after the declline of the first imamid caliphate and consolidaded itself as one of the main political and economical powers in Western Uletha and Tarephia during the Modern Age.
The alezar Empire stood out for its advanced administration, cultural mix and commercial expansion, influencing the political and cultural structure of the region. In the present day area of Mazan, different forms of government were established under the name ''Alezar'', with a system that combined imani tribal elements with centralidez monarchical structures.
Following the decline of the empire in the 17th Century, the territory fragmented. giving rise to multiple regional governments with varied strategies to maintain control and administer their domains, generating a political mosaic tha would influence the future configuration of Andrar and its neighboring states.
Castellanese Colonization (XVIII-XVII Century)
In July 12th, 1240, the first Castellanese ships arrived on the eastern shored of Andrar, particulary at me mouths of the yali and mersat rivers in the state region of Boramaya. Their initial motivation was economic: to establish safe trade routes of salt, precious metals and spices into the interior of tarephia. However, these meetings soon took on a political and spiritual character.
The castellan people founded fortifield bastion such as San Telmo De Las Arenas, Puerto Balika De Samaniego, and later, city of Ordamerán, with the purpose of establishing permanent enclaves from which to project their influence. Unlike other colonial powers of the time,they did not impose a large-scale military conquest, nut opted ofr a diplomatic system of alliances, appealing to the political fragmentation of the kingdoms.
Gradual integration and transformations
They signed agreements of mutual cooperation with salaridist lords, especially with clans of the central highlands and the Orda river basin. These pacts were sealed through intermarriage, knowledge of local jurisdictions. Nwe agricultural technologies were introduced; olive cultivation, vine and furrow irrigation techniques.The use of the iron plough was also promoteed, which revolutionized agriculture in semi-desert areas.The castellan people installed windmills, catchment dams and ortholic temples that adapted to the local architecture, giving rise to a hybrid religious aesthetic.
Cultural miscegenation and th birth of the chestnut tree
Independence
The new republic (19th Century)
Inspired by independence movements across Tarephia and Uletha, and fueled by decades of economy exploitation, cultural marginalization, and colonial centralism, the people of Andrar launched a popular uprising that culminated in 1824 with the declaration of the "Tharephic Republic Of Andrar". The rebelion was led by a coalition of regional leaders, former colonial military officers, urban merchants, and thinkers influenced by Enlightenment ideals and neighboring nations independence struggles.
Ordamerán was chosen as the capital for its strategic Coastal-central location and is deep historical symbolism, being one of the oldes salardist centers and a key site of resistence in earlier conflicts. Its reconstruction as the capital included wide boulevards, public squares, and administrative buildings, marking jthe beggining of a new urban aesthetic.
The new constitution, drafted by a constituent assembly representing various regions,explicitly protected religious freedom, with especial recognition of salaridism as the spitirual and cultural heritage of the Andranic people.Though the state declared itself secular, naional holidays were insiped y the traditional Salaridic calenar, integrating navite elements into republican civil life.
Contemporany Era
Georaphy
Climate
Geography
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Environment
Biodiversity
Politics
Historial de presidentes en Andrar
Shortly after Andrar’s independence, Kareim Sabati was elected emperor. However, this form of government was short-lived, as by 1825, just one year after Andrar became a republic, Alexis Del Real Quirrin became the first constitutional president, serving for the next ten years (1825–1835).
His administration consolidated independence, abolished slavery, and promoted education. He faced conspiracies and internal conflicts, and his presidency was complicated by economic crisis and political instability, yet he managed to maintain order.
- Hancer Asatán De Los Álamos (1835–1845)
He assumed power after winning the 1835 election. His government sought to reconcile rival factions and implemented liberal reforms that reduced the power of the clergy and the military. However, he faced strong opposition throughout his term.
- Yoniel Rendón Tanori (1845–1850)
He consolidated centralist power by abolishing the Constitution of 1824 and establishing new laws that gave rise to a centralist republic. His government provoked the rebellion led by Ayir Ahali Al-Kaza, which later resulted in the independence of that territory. Due to widespread human rights violations and disregard for constitutional norms, he is considered one of the worst presidents in Andrar’s history and was ultimately removed from office.
- Villet Rentaria Jaferri (1850–1855)
He continued the centralist government established by Rendón. His term was marked by the independence of Al-Kaza and the country’s difficulty in responding to it. He governed amid political and economic crisis, with constant clashes between federalists and centralists.
- Yoniel Rendón Tanori (1855–1860)
He briefly returned to power in an attempt to stabilize the economy. His short administration demonstrated an inability to restore political stability, leading to his removal and another leadership change. His presidency was weak and plagued by internal conflicts, resulting in his rapid departure amid continued instability.
- Sergey Archanta Nevez (1860–1870)
He attempted to rebuild the country after years of political and economic instability. His government implemented economic and security measures to restore order and promoted relative peace despite facing conspiracies and internal conflicts. He encouraged economic stability and sought to reduce the military’s influence in politics.
- Sue Marel Palentichova Deliconchis (1870–1877)
The first woman to serve as president of Andrar, she enacted the Constitution of 1870, which established a secular state and limited the power of the Church. However, her indecision in the face of conservative opposition weakened her government, and she ultimately relinquished power, triggering a civil war between liberals and conservatives.
- Ramantis Antillón Avirra (1877–1880)
He assumed the presidency after leaving the vice presidency. He restored the republic, centralized power, and promoted reforms in education, the economy, and the military. Nevertheless, his policies generated widespread discontent. He died in office in 1880, on the very day of the presidential elections.
- Carlos Galán Viera (1880–1900)
He implemented measures to pacify the country and stabilize the economy. His government promoted economic growth and foreign investment, though it relied on political repression. He held the longest presidential term in Andrar’s history.
- Abdal Aries Perino (1900–1910)
He promoted democracy and freedom of the press but faced opposition from former centralists and radical revolutionaries. Despite attempts to reconcile competing factions, his authority was undermined, and at the end of his presidency he fled to Castellan due to his inability to govern.
- Mone Alexandria Meneses de Montaja (1910–1920)
She advanced educational, agrarian, and labor reforms and drafted a new constitution, consolidating the post-revolutionary state. She strengthened foreign relations through international agreements and reinforced the country’s institutional foundations.
- Sadi Babuca Nevez (1920–1930)
He led a major social and political transformation, nationalizing the oil industry, carrying out extensive agrarian reform, reducing the influence of religion in politics, dismantling centralist associations, and promoting industrialization.
- Carel Buzani Pizaña (1930–1940)
He encouraged industrial development and education but also faced corruption and political repression. His government consolidated presidential power and laid the groundwork for long-term economic growth.
- Noel Rafael Corona Cocoba (1940–1950)
He nationalized the electrical industry and promoted social security. His administration strengthened education and culture and granted women the right to vote in elections. Despite his progressive agenda, there were instances of repression against opposition movements. His government fostered economic development but also struggled with corruption.
- Gael Gónez Nasforum (1950–1960)
His administration was marked by economic development and major infrastructure projects. He expanded industrial employment and internationalized the country, encouraging foreign labor and gentrification in major urban centers.
- Abdali Rocha Krenis (1960–1970)
He capitalized on the oil boom to boost the economy, but excessive spending eventually led to a major economic crisis.
- Aries Urebachia Cohen (1970–1980)
He implemented neoliberal policies to address the inherited economic crisis, successfully stabilizing the economy. He modernized the education system and fully upgraded the national railway, port, and bus transportation networks.
- Daniel Garel Gónez Gala (1980–1988)
His presidency was marked by economic growth, strengthened education, and major advances in inclusion and LGBT rights. He addressed the lingering effects of the economic crisis, expanded protections for human rights, Indigenous peoples, women, and children, preserved natural areas, and enacted urban development reforms. His constant clashes with conservative sectors culminated in his assassination during celebrations marking his eighth year in office in 1988. His presidency is widely regarded as the most impactful and successful in Andrar’s history.
- Branel Salas Salias (1988–1990)
He respected Daniel Gónez’s presidential agenda and sought to strengthen his legacy, promoting democratic reforms.
- Gabriel Buquichora Bravo (1990–2000)
He struggled to implement structural reforms due to legislative opposition. While he promoted social programs and economic stability, his administration was criticized for weak leadership and governance challenges.
- Alanna Petras Norovizki (2000–2010)
She promoted energy and social security reforms, but her decade-long presidency was marked by recurring social crises.
- Javier Arana Miller (2010–2015)
He advanced structural reforms in education, energy, and telecommunications, though corruption scandals overshadowed his administration and weakened his political party.
- Iván Quihuis Dorame (2015–2020)
His government emphasized austerity and social programs. Despite high popularity, he faced criticism over rising violence.
- Jan Antonio Ampe Burroa (2020–2025)
His administration represented continuity with Iván Quihuis’s political project, focusing on social development, infrastructure, and energy transition.
- Jeanette Astazaran Zenche Del Real (2025–2030)
and judiciary system
Foreign relations
Military
Administrative divisions
 | |
|---|---|
| Administrative divisions of Andrar | |
| First-level | States |
| Second-level | Municipalities |
| Third-level | Urban/Rural cities |
Largest cities | |
| • Ordamerán • Lamantefere • Cojedez • Antalaya • Salomé Asaltiachi | 4,876,449 4,090,449 2,563,336 2,113,983 1,989,713 |
Andrar is divided in Distritos= States
In Andrar there are 20 Districts
Each state is subdivided in Municipios = municipalities
in all Andrar there are 187 municipalities
Economy
Finance and banking
Energy
Transportation
Tourism
Demographics
Historical population per decade by Census
| District | 2.025 | 2020 | 2010 | 2000 | 1990 | 1980 | 1970 | 1960 | 1950 | 1940 |
| Bermedez | 1.677.003 | 1.497.528 | 1.388.544 | 1.261.467 | 1.113.285 | 1.112.675 | 882.378 | 731.905 | 500043 | |
| Dinar | 1.004.338 | 1.149.763 | 1.388.029 | 1.602.792 | 1.770.392 | 1.635.220 | 1.291.399 | 924.449 | 499819 | |
| Alcazamento | 422.268 | 370.413 | 351.589 | 304.906 | 234.947 | 188.270 | 114.096 | 86.671 | 52258 | |
| Celebres | 442.412 | 372.167 | 355.504 | 330.966 | 294.655 | 257.513 | 238.783 | 195.976 | 133052 | |
| Sinderejo | 147.871 | 129.849 | 123.393 | 113.714 | 104.514 | 83.940 | 74.511 | 63.930 | 56191 | |
| Mendar | 73.049 | 67.530 | 58.280 | 52.880 | 44.543 | 36.462 | 28.061 | 21.685 | 12527 | |
| Tardan | 10.906 | 10.213 | 9.434 | 7.700 | 6.986 | 4.255 | 3.211 | 1.252 | 676 | |
| Camarena | 48.885 | 42.263 | 35.943 | 30.282 | 26.485 | 24.187 | 18.586 | 14.461 | 8696 | |
| Gardamenesi | 441.890 | 370.907 | 308.104 | 266.316 | 242.570 | 194.589 | 159.000 | 137.953 | 117814 | |
| Alparma | 3.349.414 | 3.249.404 | 3.126.085 | 2.541.668 | 2.436.019 | 2.038.800 | 1.650.605 | 1.472.284 | 1256416 | |
| Ordameran | 7.824.686 | 5.958.055 | 5.031.219 | 4.014.010 | 3.532.319 | 2.748.693 | 2.415.479 | 2.028.962 | 1653101 | |
| Borabarsin | 1.853.260 | 1.707.320 | 1.601.236 | 1.464.859 | 1.305.105 | 1.148.272 | 974.299 | 780.496 | 616155 | |
| Gardaya | 1.269.439 | 1.188.634 | 1.113.159 | 1.005.186 | 867.798 | 678.928 | 635.476 | 420.829 | 345444 | |
| Boramaya | 2.977.520 | 2.548.743 | 1.860.804 | 1.777.222 | 1.574.615 | 1.421.837 | 1.125.058 | 951.204 | 863644 | |
| Durian | 1.648.988 | 1.524.307 | 1.122.911 | 965.729 | 772.448 | 510.120 | 259.999 | 238.395 | 210905 | |
| Lamantefere | 4.125.997 | 3.567.788 | 3.226.352 | 2.572.564 | 2.255.712 | 1.761.754 | 1.496.912 | 1.291.720 | 1073052 | |
| Tamantif | 15.514 | 14.326 | 13.216 | 11.572 | 10.408 | 7.796 | 6.317 | 5.089 | 4665 | |
| Sindalef | 1.111.783 | 1.004.756 | 841.378 | 771.602 | 621.080 | 491.441 | 384.021 | 273.620 | 157594 | |
| Senora | 2.005.828 | 1.907.373 | 1.755.226 | 1.586.330 | 1.386.766 | 1.266.104 | 1.060.099 | 950.763 | 638951 | |
| Salome | 2.072.344 | 1.935.170 | 1.487.204 | 1.256.118 | 1.010.937 | 939.411 | 837.324 | 620.889 | 410451 | |
| Total | 32.523.395 | 28.616.509 | 25.197.610 | 21.937.883 | 19.611.584 | 16.550.267 | 13.655.614 | 11.212.533 | 8.611.454 |
 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics of Andrar | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Demonym | Andrani | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Official languages | Castellanese, Castanés, Mazanic | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Recognized minority languages | Salarid | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ethnicities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Religion | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Literacy | Steady 99.1% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Life expectancy |  85 (male)Steady 88 (female) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Birth rate | 17.79 Steady (3.1 TFR  ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Death rate | 8.43 Steady | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Religion
Languages
Education
1. General Framework of the Andrani Educational System
The educational system in Andrar is mainly regulated by:
- The Andranic Political Constitution (Article 4)
- The General Education Law
These documents establish that education in Andrar must be:
Secular, Free of Charge, Compulsory, Inclusive, of High Quality, and with a Human Rights–based approach.
The federal, state, and municipal governments are responsible for guaranteeing access to education.
2. Types of Education in Andrar
A) Public Education
- Provided by the State.
- Free of charge.
- Represents the largest share of educational coverage in the country.
B) Private Education
- Provided by private institutions.
- Must have an Official Recognition of Study Validity (RVOE) granted by the Ministry of Education.
- May charge tuition fees.
3. Levels of the Andrani education system
The education system is divided into basic education, upper secondary education, and higher education, as well as special modalities
4. Basic Education (Compulsory)
4.1 Early Childhood Education
Serves children from 0 to 3 years old.
Includes:
- Early stimulation
- Emotional, social, and cognitive development
It is school-based and has recently been recognized as part of compulsory education.
4.2 Preschool Education
Ages: 3 to 5 years old
Duration: 3 years
Objetives:
- Language development
- Social Skills
- Motor skills
- Bacis mathematical thinking
it is compulsory
4.3 Primary ducation
Ages: 6 to 11-12 yeaars old
Subjets (Based of the basic education curriculum map):
- Language and Literature
- Mathematics
- Regional Language
- Language Expression and Orthography
- Physical Education
- Social Sciences
- Natural Sciences
- Education, Ethics, and Identity
- Regional Geography
- International Geography
- Regional History
- World History
- Oral and Written Communication
- Human Psychology
- Body and Perception
- Elective Subjects
Throughout the six years of primary education, the goal is to develop basic skills in reading, wtriting, logical reasoning, as well as emotional, cognitive, and physical inleligence