Fayaan City

Fayaan City is the capital and largest city of Fayaan. It forms the center of the Capital State.

In December 2021 a referendum decided on renaming the city to Hoopsbaai City by the 1st of January 2024.

Physical geography

The physical geography of the region is largely controlled by the Cenozoic Fayaan orogenic phase. This orogenic phase resulted in the uplift of the entire Fayaan penninsula and the formation of the central mountain belt. Fayaan City is situated in a large north-south syncline-anticline system, with the city center being located in the large fractured syncline that acts as a kind of rift. To the east of the city this structure converges into a single mountain belt. This general structure results in a landscape of mountain belts, large river valleys, coastal lowlands and some plateaus.

Western Mountains

West of the city the Fayaan Orogeny results in two mountain belts: Roodwoudkust Mountains north of the Fayaan Deep, and Ronda Mountains to the south. In between lies the Fayaan Deep sea arm, in a synclinal rift structure. The crumbling edges of the mountain belts created the Noord and Zuid Hoopseilanden islands. Uplifted during the Cenozoic, both mountain belts are made up of a highly folded and fractured Paleozoic mountain belt and its rocks. During the Mesozoic these belts were submerged, locally leaving some Mesozoic marine sedimentary rocks. A volcanic phase has been locally active during the Cenozoic. During the Cenozoic there has been some localized volcanic activity: locally in the Roodwoudkust Mountains between 50 and 35 M years ago, and since about 40M years also in the Ronda Mountains. Historic eruptions occurred are limited to the Kratoe Volcano in July-September 1508 (), October 1785, March-June 1803 and December 1924-March 1925; the Zwartberg Volcano in October 1826; July 1828; March-April 1956; the nearby Kleine Zwartberg in spring 1621 to July 1623 and a minor eruption in April 1956; and Stille Zwartberg Volcano in August 1608.

Central Zone

East of the Western Mountains lies the Hoopsbaai estuarine zone, where the Maarl, Maandel and Bruine rivers end up in the Fayaan Deep sea arm. Here the Roudwoodkust Mountains turn into the lower and less pronounced Hoopsbaai Mountains. These are a number of low mountains and hilly areas, crossed by some major valleys, and range from the {{node|271037310|Waldberg} to the Kluizenaarsberg. Contrary to the Roudwoudkust Mountains they are no made up of an older Palaeozoic orogeny but are Mesozoic and early Cenozoic marine, coastal, estuarine and local fluvial deposits that were uplifted during the Cenozoic Fayaan Orogeny. Due to their less consolidated rocks, they are prone to landslides and mudflows, and are thus not suited for urbanization or agriculture.

South of these Hoopsbaai Mountains lies the large estuarine area of the main rivers, Maarl, Maandel and Bruine rivers. here Holocene floodplain, estuarine and coastal deposits predominate. Parts of the coastal/estuarine mudflats have been reclaimed, such as the Beaverpolder area and nearby Beaver Harbor, and most parts west of the Seawall