User:Bixelkoven/Sandbox/Qennesan

Qennesan
Kloasă Kaneșeană
/kloaˈsə kaneʃe̯aˈnə/
Official in	Qennes
Also spoken in	Qennesan diaspora in Malesoria and elsewhere
Estimated number of speakers	~3.4 million (L1) ~2.1 million (L2)
Regulating body	Royal Qennesan Academy (Akademiă Roială Kaneșeană)
Signed form	Royal Qennesan
Recognized dialects	- Standard (Central) Qennesan (dialekțul kaneșeanî standardzî) - Upper Qennesan (dialekțul kaneșeanî anoțî) - Feredetean (dialekțul feredețean) - Terdauan (dialekțul tîrdauesk) - Malverttean (dialekțul malverttean) - Erezan (dialekțul erezean) - Old Erezan (dialekțul erezean viekî)
Language family	Romantish (Southeastern, Iviran)
Qennesan Alphabet (Abedetă)
Aa Ăă Bb Dd Ḑḑ Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Îî Kk Ll Ļļ Mm Nn Ņņ Oo Pp Rr Ss Șș Ṣṣ Tt Țț C̣c̣ Uu Vv Zz Ẓẓ
Norms of linguistic structure
Common constituent word order	SVO (subject–verb–object)
Modifier placement	After verbs and nouns (exceptions include certain adverbs)
Noun declensions Case Gender Number
Verb conjugations Aspect Mood Number Person Tense Voice
Adjective declensions Case Gender Number

Qennesan is a southeastern Romantish language spoken primarily in Qennes and its surrounding areas in southern Uletha. On a national level, it is the official language of Qennes and a recognized minority language in Antharia and Niscavo. On a subnational level, it is a recognized minority language in Errez-Kambunar^∈⊾ in Malesoria. Traces of Qennesan can also be found around the world, most notably in Kalkara, the Commonwealth of Central Archanta, the Federal States, Deodeca and Gobrassanya. It is a recognized unofficial language within the Association of South Ulethan Nations. It is spoken by about 3.4 million people worldwide as a first language, and an additional 2.3 million people as a second or third language, making it one of the smallest Romantish languages in the family.

History & evolution

The evolution of the Qennesan language is very complex. Linguistically, Qennesan is divided into Eganian Qennesan and Romantish Qennesan. Eganian Qennesan is the earliest form of Qennesan, originating from Eganian roots in the 3rd century AD during the Eganian colonization of the Iviran Coast, sharing similarities with Antharian and Niscavo Eganian. With most of Kenes becoming subjugated under the Eganian nation of Apokias Egane and the Antharian Kingdom, Eganian Qennesan lost ground to the opponents in the conquered lands, while the remnants of the nation ended up getting conquered by Romany creating a client state under the name Quennesh.

Romantish Qennesan has emerged in the 15th century as a Romantish language as a branch of Garlian under the influence of the Romanish invaders. Over the course of 400 years later, Qennesan with its Eganian base has seen vast influences from notably Romanish (Garlian), but also Turquese, Iviran, Franquese, Malesorian, Surian and Navennan. Despite the linguistic shift, which meant that the Qennesan language transferred language families from Uletarephian to Romantish in a very rare phenomenon, linguistics disapprove of them being one language, and rather regard them as two separate entities.

By the end of the 18th century, the language wasn't standardized and regional dialects were plentiful. Many towns and areas had their own micro-dialects, some of which persisted to the present day. Modern Qennesan was standardized in 1794 by the Royal Qennesan Academy in Arta, becoming the noble language of the archduchy. The language is characterized by words of mostly Eganian origin, grammar rules mostly influenced by Romanish (Garlian), an orthography derived from both Eganian and Romanish, and internationalisms mostly coming from Franquese. The language has a similarity index of 25/100 with Eganian Qennesan and 65/100 with the earliest examples of Romantish Qennesan.

Additionally, the Qennesan Ekelan Church uses a form of Qennesan called Darazdinian Qennesan.

Dialects

Modern Qennesan recognizes 7 active and 12 extinct dialects:

• Standard (Central) Qennesan - the standardized form of Qennesan, spoken by about 74% of Qennesan speakers. It is the only dialect that is not losing speakers.
• Upper Qennesan - originating in the province of Kaneș-Montă in eastern Qennes, it is spoken by 7% of Qennesan speakers.
• Feredetean - spoken in the province of Feredetî, mainly by ethnic Eganians. It is spoken by 3% of Qennesan speakers.
• Terdauan - spoken in the province of Tîrdau in the north of Qennes. It has significantly more Garlian influence. It is spoken by about 11% of Qennesan speakers.
• Malverttean - spoken in the city of Malvertta, influenced by Navennan. A notable feature of this dialect is the usage of digraphs such as tt, nn, ll and ss that are otherwise not present in Qennesan. Historically it was a very notable and influential dialect used by merchants in the city, however nowadays it is spoken by only 1% of Qennesan speakers.
• Erezan - spoken by about 4% of Qennesan speakers, mostly in Malesoria.
• Old Erezan - spoken by 0.1% of Qennesan speakers. It is on the verge of extinction.

Reading Qennesan on the map

Directions and map legend

Qennesan word	Translation	Notes
vuoț nm	north	/vuoˈt͡s/ - Egan. vóreios
vuoțî adj	northern	/vuoˈt͡sɨ/ - Egan. vóreios
vuoț-ḑață nm	northwest	/vuoˈt͡sʔd͡ʒʲaˈt͡sə/ - Egan. vóreios + Unkn.
vuoț-iast nm	northeast	/vuoˈt͡sʔjastə/ - Egan. vóreios + Garl. est
naoț nm	south	/naoˌt͡s/ - Egan. nótos
naoțî adj	southern	/naoˌt͡sɨ/ - Egan. nótos
naoț-ḑață nm	southwest	/naoˌt͡sʔd͡ʒʲaˈt͡sə/ - Egan. nótos + Unkn.
naoț-iast nm	southeast	/naoˌt͡sʔjastə/ - Egan. nótos + Garl. est
ḑaț nm	west	/d͡ʒʲaˈt͡s/ - Unkn.
ḑață adj	western	/d͡ʒʲaˈt͡sə/ - Unkn.
iast nm	east	/jast/ - Garl. est
iastikă; iastă adj	eastern	/jaˈstikə/; /jastə/ - Garl. est

Physical geography and landforms

Qennesan word	Translation	Notes
golf nf	bay	/golf/ - Garl. golf
plaẓa nf	beach	/plaʐa/ - Franq. plage
alumiă nf	forest	/aluˈmjə/ - Unkn.
al nm	tree	/al/ - Unkn.
poiană nm	plain	/pojaˈnə/ - Livn. poljana
falț nf	cliff	/falt͡s/ - Franq. falaise
arhipelag nm	archipelago	/arhipeˈlag/ - Garl. arhipelag
munc̣î nm	mountain	/muˈnʲt͡ʃʲə/ - Garl. munte
rău nm	river	/rəu/ - Garl. râu
lină nm	lake	Egan. límni
insulă nm	island	Garl. insulă
peninsulă nm	peninsula	Garl. peninsulă
arsonă nm	peninsula	Egan. chersónisos
volkan nm	volcano	Franq. volcan
kaņon nm	canyon	/kaɲon/ - Franq. canyon
glaṣer nm	glacier	/glaɕeˈr/ - Franq. glacier
erîma nm	desert	/erɨma/ - Egan. érimos
vale nm	valley	Garl. vale
plaț nm	plateau	Garl. platou
delta nm	delta	Franq. delta
ris nm	reef	Franq. récif
fiord nm	fjord	Sven. fjord
spilă nm	cavern	Egan. spílaio
farînga nm	gorge	/farɨŋga/ - Egan. farángi
oază nm	oasis	Franq. oasis
estuar nm	estuary	Franq. estuaire
iaulă nm	estuary	/jaulə/ - Egan. ekvolí
mlaștină nm	marsh	/mlaʃʲtɨnə/ - Garl. mlaştină
lagună nm	lagoon	Naven. laguna
stenă nm	strait	Egan. stenó
vrațară nm	wetland	/vrat͡se̯arə/ - Egan. vregménos + Plev. terra
rezervoar nm	reservoir	Franq. réservoir
damîna nm	reservoir	Egan. dexamení
kataraktă nm	cataract; rapid	Garl. cataractă
kramnă nm	escarpment	Egan. krimnós
plaț ḑe alață nm	salt flat	/plat͡s d͡ʒʲe alaˈt͡sə/ - Garl. plat + Egan. álas
alikeṣ nm	salt marsh	/alikʲeˈɕ/ - Egan. alykés
mlaștină alață nm	salt marsh	Garl. mlaştină + Egan. álas
krik nm	cove	Franq. crique
sond nm	sound	Ing. sound
stepă nm	steppe	Garl. stepă
munc̣e submarin nm	seamount	/muˈnʲt͡ʃʲə suˌbʔmaˈrin/ - Garl. munte + Garl. submarin
krik nm	inlet	Franq. crique
poiană aluvială nm	alluvial plain	Livn. poljana + Franq. alluvial
piemonț nm	piedmont	Franq. piémont
kanal nm	channel	Garl. canal
polder nm	polder	Lent. polder
meandre nm	meander	Garl. meandre
karstaț nm	karst	Garl. carstică
perisip nm	sandbar	Garl. perisip
perisip nm	spit; sandspit	Garl. perisip
kordon ḑe amă nm	spit; sandspit	Garl. cordon + Egan. ámmos
pingo nm	pingo	Ing. pingo
koladă nm	saddle	Larc. collada
grotă nm	grotto	Plev. grotta
poiană plimîra nm	floodplain	/pojaˈnə plimɨˈrə/ - Livn. poljana + Egan. plimmýra
areț nm	arête	Franq. arête